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HALeOH 


^6' 


NORTH  CAPiai3iA  STAT2  UBRAR'*^ 


Colonels  of  the  Sixth  Regiment 


Charles  F.  Fisher 
Colonel 


W.  D.  Pender 

Colonel 


Isaac  Erwin  Avery 

Colonel 


R.  F.  Webb 

ColoTiel 


The  Bloody  Sixth 

The  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment 
Confederate  States  of  America 


History  by 
RICHARD  W.  lOBST 

Roster  by 
LOUIS  H.  MANARIN 


AVith  a  Narrative  on  the  Reactivated  Regiment 
by  ^Vade  Lucas 


Copyright  1965 

North  Carolina  Confederate  Centennial  Commission 
Raleigh 

Librai7  of  Congress  Catalog  Card  No.  65-63474 


Printed  in  United  States  of  America 
Cliristian  Printing  Company,  Durham,  N.  C. 


THE  BLOODY  SIXTH 

Table  of  Contents 

THE  SIXTH  NORTH  CAROLINA  REGIMENT 

Histoiy 

Preface    xi 

Acknowledgments  xiii 

Prologue     XV 

I.  A  Regiment  Is  Organized  3 

II.  On  to  Manassas  15 

III.  Manassas   20 

IV.  A  New  Colonel  Takes  Command  28 

V.  Camp   Fisher    35 

Yl.  A  Regiment  Leaves  for  Richmond  53 

VII.  In  the  Peninsula  63 

MIL  From  Richmond  to  Fredericksbing  85 

IX.  Into  the  Enemy's  Coinitry  107 

X.  Rappahannock  Station:  A  Day  of  Nightmare  and  Disbelief  142 

XI.  Plymouth:  A  Badly  Needed  Victory  Under  Hoke  171 

XII.  In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan  203 

XIII.  Fort  Stedman:  One  Last  Try  240 

Epilogue  259 

Appendixes    263 

Bibliographical  Essay  268 

THE  SIXTH  NORTH  CAROLINA  REGIMENT 

Roster 

Preface    277 

Introduction!  279 

Roster   283 

Index  451 

The  Reactivated  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment, 
State  Troops 

Illustrations   479 

The  Reactivated  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment,  State  Troops      .487 


The  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment 

History 


by 
Richard  W.  lobst 


To  my  wife,  Mary 

and  to  Cliff  and  George 

who  each  contributed  much 

to  this  book. 


Preface 

The  Bloody  Sixth  is  not  a  study  in  group  dynamics,  nor  is  it  an 
attempt  to  tell  the  story  of  North  Carolina's  troops  in  the  Civil  War. 
Instead,  it  is  the  histoi-y  of  a  single  regiment,  the  Sixth  North  Caro- 
lina State  Troops,  from  its  conception  at  Company's  Shops  (modern 
Burlington),  North  Carolina  on  May  16,  1861  to  its  surrender  at 
Appomattox  Court  House,  Virginia  on  April  9,  1865.  There  are  no 
footnotes  included,  due  to  lack  of  sufficient  funds.  Instead,  the  foot- 
notes will  be  available  to  any  interested  party  upon  request  to  the 
Division  of  Manuscripts,  North  Carolina  Department  of  Archives  and 
History,  Raleigh,  North  Carolina.  Copies  of  the  footnotes  will  be 
filed  with  that  division  and  ^\ill  be  a\ailable  to  interested  researchers. 
.\  bibliographical  essay  is  included  at  the  end  of  the  book.  The  three 
appendixes  concern  themselves  with  the  flag  of  the  Sixth  Regiment 
and  later  infonnation  uncovered  about  the  early  history  of  some  of 
the  companies  which  later  composed  the  regiment,  and  early  records 
of  the  regiment  itself. 

It  is  intended  that  this  book  will  be  used  as  a  source-book  for 
those  persons  who  are  interested  in  learning  of  the  organization  and 
activities  o£  one  of  North  Carolina's  most  outstanding  Civil  \Var 
regiments. 

Richard  \V.  lobst 
Raleigh,  North  Carolina 
Mav,  1965 


XI 


Ackno^vledgments 

The  writing  of  a  detailed  histoi7  of  this  type  would  be  impossible 
without  much  assistance.  Like  most  writers,  I  am  indebted  to  many 
people.  Their  names  are  too  numerous  to  mention  in  this  place. 
However,  the  following  persons  contributed  too  much  infoi-mation  to 
ignore  at  least  an  honorable  mention:  Dr.  Christopher  Crittenden, 
Director  of  the  North  Carolina  Department  of  Archives  and  History, 
Colonel  W.  Cliff  Elder  of  the  Reactivated  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regi- 
ment, Bin-lington,  North  Carolina,  provided  a  great  deal  of  much- 
graciously  read  the  completed  manuscript  and  offered  many  helpful 
suggestions;  Mr.  Norman  C.  Larson  and  Mr.  Robert  W.  Jones  of  the 
North  Carolina  Confederate  Centennial  Commission  assisted  with 
the  manuscript  and  were  helpful  in  the  publication  of  the  book; 
needed  inspiration  and  finnished  much  infomraticHi  for  the  section 
on  the  Reacti\'ated  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment:  Mr.  Ray  D. 
Smith,  Chicago,  Illinois,  placed  his  valuable  list  of  references  from 
the  Confederate  Veteran  Magazine  at  my  disposal;  Colonel  Van  White 
of  Mebane,  North  Carolina,  furnished  valuable  infonnation  on  the 
fight  at  Rappahannock  Bridge;  Mr.  Herman  M.  Leonard,  Greens- 
boro, North  Carolina,  was,  helpful  in  detemiining  the  position  and 
results  of  the  charge  upon  Ricketts'  and  Griffin's  Batteries  at  First 
Manassas;  the  staff  of  the  Southern  Historical  Collection,  University 
of  North  Carolina,  Chapel  Hill,  directed  by  Dr.  James  W.  Patton, 
graciously  permitted  unlimited  use  of  their  excellent  facilities;  the 
staff  of  the  Division  of  Manuscripts,  Duke  University,  under  the 
direction  of  Dr.  Mattie  Russell,  did  the  same.  Mr.  H.  G.  Jones,  State 
Archivist  for  the  State  of  North  Carolina,  and  Mrs.  Mary  Rogers,  in 
charge  of  the  Search  Room  at  the  State  Department  of  Archives  and 
Histon',  permitted  the  author  to  use  much-needed  space  in  the  stacks 
and  therefore,  save  much  time. 

The  author  is  especially  indebted  to  the  following  seven  persons 
for  valuable  assistance,  both  material  and  moral:  Mr.  W.  S.  Tarlton, 
Superintendent  of  Historic  Sites,  North  Carolina  State  Department 
of  Archives  and  History:   Mr.  John  R.  Peacock,  High  Point,   North 

xiii 


Carolina;  Mr.  Brooks  Davis,  Chicago,  Illinois;  Mr.  Louis  H.  Manarin, 
Editor,  the  Roster  of  North  Carolina  Troops  in  the  Civil  War  (to 
be  published  by  the  North  Carolina  Confederate  Centennial  Com- 
mission) ,  Arlington,  Virginia;  my  wife,  Mary  P.  lobst,  who  graciously 
permitted  our  home  to  be  filled  with  research  materials  for  such  a 
long  period;  Dr.  Hugh  T.  Lefler,  Department  of  History,  University 
of  North  Carolina,  Chapel  Hill;  and  to  Mr.  George  D.  Colclough, 
Burlington,  North  Carolina,  whose  contributions,  both  in  a  material 
and  inspirational  manner,  are  too  numerous  to  list.  I  might  add  that 
this  book  would  not  have  been  possible  in  its  present  fomi  without 
the  able  editorial  skill  of  Mrs.  Donna  Stallings  of  the  North  Carolina 
Confederate  Centennial  Commission. 

Richard  W.  lobst 
Raleigh,  North  Carolina 
May,  1965 


XIV 


Prologue 


It  all  began  when  angi"\'  guns  barked  over  a  tiny  fort  in  Charleston 
Harbor.  An  anxious  nation,  poised  at  the  brink,  was  plunged  into 
the  abyss  of  civil  war.  After  forty  years  of  bitter  sectional  crisis,  the 
North  and  the  South  at  last  resorted  to  a  test  of  amis.  As  soon  as  he 
received  the  news  of  Fort  Sumter,  President  Abraham  Lincoln  issued 
a  call  for  seventy-five  thousand  volunteers  "to  suppress  combinations 
too  powerful  for  the  militia  to  resist."  North  Carolina  was  asked 
to  furnish  two  regiments  of  troops.  This,  Governor  John  W.  Ellis 
refused  to  do. 

This  is  not  the  story  of  the  Civil  War.  This  is  the  story  of  a 
group  of  men,  mostly  farm  boys  and  mechanics  from  the  red  hills  of 
piedmont  North  Carolina,  who  marched  aw'ay  to  war.  They  volun- 
teered for  the  duration  of  the  ^\ar;  they  went  away  to  fight  and  to  die. 
This  is  their  story — the  history  of  the  Sixth  North  Carolina  State 
Troops. 


A  Regiment  Is  Organized 


"The  camp  was  in  an  old  field  along  the  Railroad,  just  east  of  the 
shops.    It  is  noxLi  a  part  of  the  town  of  Burlington." 

Neill  W.  Rav,  Captain.  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment. 


On  April  17,  1861,  North  Carolina  Governor  John  W.  Ellis  is- 
sued a  proclamation  in  reply  to  President  Abraham  Lincoln's  call  for 
75,000  troops.  Ellis  stated,  in  terse  language, 

.  .  .  this  high-handed  act  of  tyrannical  outrage  is  not  only 
in  violation  of  all  constitutional  law,  in  utter  disregard  of  every 
sentiment  of  humanity  and  Christian  civilization  .  .  .  but  is  a 
direct  step  to^vards  the  subjugation  of  the  whole  South.  .  .  .^2^ 

Ellis  reminded  the  citizens  of  North  Carolina  that  their  first  loyalty 
was  to  the  state  "which  protects  their  homes  and  dearest  interest.'C^) 
The  people  of  North  Carolina  should  defend  their  state  and  the 
rights  of  the  whole  SoutkiJt  ^\as  under  this  example,  handed  her  by 
a  secession-minded  governor,  that  North  Carolina  gravitated  toward  a 
union  with  the  fledgling  Southern  Confederacy  and  war. 

North  Carolina  already  had  a  ^vej^rganized  militia  system  which 
had  been  active  since  colonial  days?^^  supplement  to  this  system 
had  recently  been  enacted  by  the  General  Assembly.  This  law  estab- 
lished a  "volunteer  corps"  of  not  more  than  10,000  men  \yho  would 


be  subject  to  the  governor's  call  "in  cases  of  emergency. '^=^he  act 
provided  for  brigade,  regimental,  and  company  organization  and 
laid  the  basis  for  the  first  ten  regiments  organized  by  the  state  in  the 
spring  of  1861  f^ 

No  one  read  these  acts  and  proclamations  with  more  interest  than 
Charles  Frederick  Fisher,  President  of  the  North  Carolina  Railroad 
Company  and   stominent   resident   of  Salisbui^,   the   coimty   seat   of 
Rowan  CountvwEisher,  a  tall,  slender  man  ^\ith  a  scraggiy  bronze^^, 
beard,  had  long  been  a  controversial  figure  in  state  business  circles, ^*^ 
and    \\-as   the    onlv    son    of    Charles    Fisher    and    his    wife,    Christina 


4  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Beard.  He  had  been  born  in  Salisbury  on  December  26,  1816,  in  an 
atmosphere  of  comparative  wealth.  Young  Fisher  attended  classical 
schools  in  Salisbury  and  entered  Yale  University  in  1835,  but  left 
college  in  his  freshman  year  for  reasons  which  are  not  qiute  clear. 
He  later  engaged  in  agriculture  and  mining  and  A\'as  "for  several 
years  associated  with  Dr.  Austin  in  the  publication  of  the  Western 
Carolinian  in  Salisbury."  (g) 

In  1854,  Fisher  represented  Rowan  County  as  a  Democrat  in  the 
North  Carolina  Senate.  He  was  elected  President  of  the  North  Caro- 
lina Railroad  in  1855,  succeeding  ex-Governor  John  M.  Morehead.  <i2) 
While  president  of  the  railroad  company,  Fisher  engaged  in  the  de- 
velopment of  the  Western  North  Carolina  Railroad,  layiVig  track  to 
a  point  thirteen  miles  east  of  Morganton  by  August,  1860^^^is  career 
as  railroad  president  was  a  stomiy  one.  His  election  to  the  presidency 
was  clouded  with  charges  that  the  road  was  nin  "in  the  interests  of 
that  party  (the  Democratic  Party)  and  that  there  was  gross  mis- 
management.'@Jonathan  Worth  managed  to  secure  the  appointment 
of  a  committee  to  investigate  these  charges  in  1858-59;  but  Fisher  ■(vas 
never  proved  guilty.^!^his  controversy  did  not  prevent  Fisher  from 
being  re-elected  president  of  the  railroad  in  July,  1859,  "by  almost  a 
inianimous  vote."  (^  ^ 

Unfortimately,  we  know  little  of  Fisher's  private  lifef^xcept  the 
fact  that  he  was  happily  married  to  Elizabeth  R.  Caldwell,  a  daugh- 
ter of  David  F.  Caldwell.  One  daughter,  Frances  Christine,  later  a 
famous  ^vriter  under  the  name  of  Christian  Reid,  Avas  bom  to  this 
union.  @ 

Charles  Fisher  was  convinced  that  some  day  there  would  be  a 
rupture  between  the  North  and  the  South.  From  1851  on  "the 
thought  was  always  present  to  him — guiding  all  his  conduct,  both  in 
his  private  affairs  and  in  his  increasing  labors  to  promote  every  ^^ 
effort  toward  the  development  of  the  energies  of  our  State  and  people."  (^3 
When  the  time  came  he  was  ready.  By  1860  he  had  "virtually  en- 
rolled" many  young  men  from  along  the  line  of  the  North  Carolina 
and  Western  North  Carolina  Railroads  into  a  volunteer  corps  which 
he  planned  to  call  either  the  "Piedmont  Legion,"  or  the  "Piedmont 
Rangers. "(SHe  urged  Major  Daniel  Harvey  Hill,  Superintendent  of 
the  Charlotte  Military  Academy,  to  take  command  of  this  unit  and 
jjrepare  it  for  possible  field  service.  Hill's  appointment  as  Colonel 
of  the  First  North  Cap«lina  Regiment  when  war  broke  out  left 
Fisher's  idea  unrealized^lFrances  Fisher,  in  describing  Hill's  promise 
to  her  father,  Avrote: 

When  offered  this  command  he  (Hill)  had  hesitated,  on  ac- 
count of  his  promise  .  .  .  but  my  father  released  him  at  once 
from  the  engagement  ^vith  himself,  and  urged  him  to  accept  the 
appointment. 


A  Regiment  Is  Organized  5 

Fisher  then  decided  to  assume  command  of  the  proposed  regiment 
himself  and  ^vorked  toward  that  purpose. 

The  military  fever  was  strong  in  piedmont  North  Carolina  dur- 
ing the  turbulent  spring  of  1861.  The  Hillsborough  Recorder  ex- 
claimed: 

The  "military'  fever"  prevails  to  a  remarkable  degree  in  this 
region — every  thing  partakes  of  the  general  excitement.  qA 

Many  companies  of  militia^vere  drilling.  Officers  were  offering  their 
units  to  an  anxious  state.«^isher  realized  this  and  planned  accord- 
ingly. He  promptly  went  to  Charlotte  and  began  to  raise  a  regiment 
of  "smiths,  carpenters,  masons,  engineers,  etc."*^  closer  look  at  some 
of  these  men  is  necessary  in  order  to  understand  the  performance 
of  the  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment  in  its  subsequent  career. 
There  iva^James  A.  Craige,  to  be  a  captain  in  the  regiment,  who  ^vas 
twenty  years  old.  Craige  was  a  native  of  Salisbuiy  and  a  caciet  at  the 
North  Carolina  Military  Institute  at  Charlotte.  Another  potential 
officer,  Lewis  Rothrick,  also  came  from  Rowan  County.  He  was 
twenty-one  and  a  farmer  by  occupation;  Richard  Graham,  also  of 
Rowan,  was  nineteen  and  also  a  fanner;  Washington  E.  Corriher 
was  another  Rowan  County  farmer — only  eighteen  years  old.  Daniel 
M.  Basiner  and  Theodoric  L.  Edwards  were  both  mechanics.  Moses 
J.  Eagle  was  a  nineteen-year-old  caipenter.  Peter  Redwine  was  an 
eighteen-year-old  blacksmith.  The  list  included-farmers,  carpenters, 
blacksmiths,  mechanics,  even  a  teacher  or  twor^he  average  man  in 
Fisher's  group  had  blue  eyes,  white  hair,  fair  complexion,  and  ^vas 
about  5  feet  8  inches  tall.  His  average  age  was  twenty-one  years.  Most 
of  the  men  were  farmers  by  profession,  a  natiual  occupation  in  an 
area  which  was  as  yet  largely  imtouched  by  the  Industrial  Revolution. 
A  close  study  of  signatures  on  the  enlistment  record  reveals  that  most 
of  the  men  were  illiterate.  Many  well-known  names  in  piedmont 
North  Carolina  were  included — names  like  White,  Watson,  Durham, 
Bason,  Thompson,  Teer,  Faucette,  Tate,  Pace,  Fowler,  Ray,  Mebane, 
Minnis,  Pender,  Albright,  and  Dixon.  Taken  as  a  group  they  might 
be  considered  representative  of  their  era  and  their  section  of  the  state.  *< 
A  close  study  of  the  records  reve:ij*.  that  few  of  the  men  were  large 
landowners  or  owned  any  slaves. '^?4.1though  it  is  almost  impossible 
to  detemiine  their  individual  motives  for  volunteerinar  to  fioht  in 
Fisher's  regiment,  it  is  obvious  that  the  men  loved  their  state  and 
meant  to  support  her  in  the  course  she  had  taken.  A  good  example 
of  the  patriotic  fervor  which  was  found  in  piedmont  North  Carolina 
during  these  early  months  was  furnished  by  F.  A.  Campbell  of  Alex- 
ander County.  He  gave  his  consent  in  ^vriting  to  Colonel  Fisher  for 
the  enlistment  of  his  son,  AV'illiam  Montraville  Campbell,  "a  minor 
under  the  age  of  t-\\enty-one  years"   for  the  Avar  "unless  sooner  dis- 


6     ■  The  Bloody  Sixth 

charged. '^Campbell's  attitude  was  not  unique.  In  Orange  County 
two  companies  were  rapidly  organized  and  enrolled  at  Hillsboro  as 
soon  as  the  news  of  Lincoln's  call  for  troops  reached  that  area.  They 
were  the  Flat  River  Guards,  under  Captain  Robert  K-Webb,  and  the 
Orange  Grays,  under  Captain  William  G.  FreelandgSColonel  W.  H. 
Jordan,  commanding  the  Twenty-seventh  Regiment  of  North  Carolina 
Militia,  certified  that  the  Flat  River  Guards  numbered  "fifty,  rank 
and  file,  ...  its  members  have  unifomied  themselves  and  the  com- 
pany has  been  duly  organized  by  the  election  of  .  .  .  officers."  @ 

Men  gave  various  motives  to  Colonel  Fisher  for  joining  his  new 
regiment.  A.  K.  Sinunton,  writing  to  Fisher  from  Fort  Caswell, 
requested: 

...  a  captain's  commission  in  your  regiment  and  commis- 
sions for  my  Lieutenants.  I  think  I  can  muster  my  company  into 
the  regulars.  Some  of  the  men  I  would  be  ^villing  to  discharge; 
and  I  can  fill  their  places  in  a  few  days  after  we  return  to  Char- 
lotte. Inform  me  by  return  mail  with  a  copy  of  the  rules  etc. 
They  are  anxious  to  get  into  the  field.  They  will  not  remain  in 
the  Fort.  They  are  a  good  looking  set  of  men  and  tolerably 
well  drilled.  §0) 


There  is  no  record  of  Fisher's  answer  to  this  letter. 

As  men  began  to  arrive  in  Charlotte  in  response  to  Fisher's  efforts, 
the  question  of  supplying  them  with  food,  unifoxms,  and  weapons 
became  more  important.  Fisher,  like  many  other  prominent  men 
of  his  day,  paid  for  most  of  the  early  expenses  of  his  regiment  out 
of  his  own  pocket.  On  May  1,  1861,  the  fima  of  Brown,  Coffin  & 
Mock  of  Salisbury  billed  Fisher  for  67  pairs  of  blankets.  The  sum 
expended  was  §146.50.  The  bill  specifically  stated  thaLthe  articles 
were  "for  the  6th  Regt.  North  Carolina  State  Troops. "®Samuel  Mc- 
Dowell Tate,  a  business  friend  of  Fisher  and  later  an  officer  in  the 
regiment,  acted  as  the  fliUne  colonel's  agent  in  this  case  as  he  did 
on  many  other  occasions^^n  May  8,  1861,  Fisher  bought  227  yards 
of  osnaburg  for  the  sum  of  $28.20.  The  goods  were  brought  from  E.  M. 
Holt  of  Graham,  Alamance  Count)^3<'ifty-five  pairs  of  blankets  were 
bought/ii-om  Oates  &  Williams  on  May  18.  The  sum  expended  was 
$105.0(}^n  May  22,  Fisher  bought  $917.14  worth  of  unifomi  material 
from  Meredith  Spencer  &  Company  of  Richmond,  Virginia.  The 
goods  included^uch  imifomi  material  as  "Grey  Tweed,  Corset,  and 
Muslin  toleed.Ai^isher  bought  $280.32  ivorth  of  uniform  material, 
osnaburgs,  plaids,  etc.  from  Holt's  Store  at  Haw  River  in  the  period 
from  May  25  to  June  21,  1861.  Several  thousand  yards  of  material  were 
piuchased  from  Hoh.Qb) 

Men  had  to  eat  as  ^vell  as  be  clothed.  Much  meat  and  flour  was  ac- 
cordingly  purchased.    On    May   9,    1861,    Fisher's   agent,    Robert    C. 


A  Regiment  Is  Organized  7 

Pearson,  bought  S304.42  ^vorth  of  shoulders,  hams,  and  midlings  frora^-, 
Blackwele  &;  Walker.  This  purchase  inchided  2,255  pounds  ot  meat.^^ 
\V.  H.  Alexander  sold  1,700  pounds  of  bacon,  38  sacks  of  flour,  and 
.15  bushels  of  meal  to  Fisher  in  the  period  from  April  23  to  June  3, 
1861.  The  total  cost  of  this  material  was  $409.8 l.®it  was  well  that 
I'isher  was  a  man  of  \\-ealth,  for  the  cost  of  raising  and  equipping  a 
legiment  -ivas  high.  A  typical  letter  received  by  Fisher  during  this 
period  was  sent  to  him  by  Meredith  Spencer  8;  Company  of  Rich- 
mond.   It  advised: 

Enclosed  we  hand  bill  of  goods  for  military,  bot  by  Mr. 
Jas.  C.  Turner  (Fisher's  agent)  for  your  apr.  amot  bill  including 
cash  and  freight  S917.14.  Goods  have  been  shipped  to  you  to 
Salisbury.  We  have  drawn  on  you  at  five  days  as  authorized  by 
Mr.  Turner.  We  have  also  said  to  Mr.  Turner  that  if  he  could 
send  us  gold  for  amot  bill  we  would  take  off  a  disct.  of  8%. 
Shoidd  you  determine  to  send  gold  advise  us  by  telegraph  and 
we  -svill  ^vithdraAV  the  disct.  We  shall  be  glad  to  fill  your  further 
orders  here.  .  .  .  @ 

Colonel  Fisher  attempted  to  obtain  remuneration  from  the  state 
for  at  least  a  part  of  his  expenditures.  He  -^vrote  Ouartemiaster  Gen- 
eral Lawrence  O'B.  Branch  at  Raleigh  to  this  end.  Branch  acknowl- 
edged receipt  of  Fisher's  letter  and  then  politely  stated  that  "This  de- 
partment is  not  authorized  to  furnish  siujplies  to  any  troops  until 
they  have  been  mustered  into  sei-vice.'li^ranch  assured  Fisher  that 
his  troops  Avould  be  furnished  Avith  all  the  supplies  "coming  under 
the  cognizance  of  this  Department"  inunediatelv  after  the  regiment 
^vas  mustered  into  state  service.  ^ 

The  problem  of  troop  pay  was  an  interesting  one,  and  one  diffi- 
cult of  solution.  On  July  3,  Quartennaster  General  Branch  ivrote 
A.  C.  Myers,  Quartermaster  Geneial  of  the  Confederate  States,  to  ask 
about  the  pay  of  volunteers  and  State  Troops.  Branch's  inquiry  also 
co\ered  the  supply  of  troops,  the  biu'den  which  Fisher  had  been 
paying  out  of  his  own  pocketCI^[vers  ansv\'ered  on  Jidy  5  that 
"volunteers  are  paid  by  the  Confederate  States  from  the  date  of  their 
muster  into  State  service  cjn  the  transfer  of  the  muster  rolls  to  the 
Confederate  service,  and  when  they  have  not  been  mustered  into 
the  state  service,  they  are  paid  from  the  date  of  the  order  directing 
them  to  proceed  to  any  destination  by  the  War  Department."  ^^ 

North  Carolina  Adjutant  General  [ohn  F.  Hoke  was  dra\\n  into 
the  controversy.  He  bluntly  stated  that  the  Confederate  government 
had  to  pay  North  Carolina  troops  -(vhen  they  ^vere  received  into  Con- 
federate service.  The  Confederate  go\ernment  must  also  "issue  all 
necessary  supplies  on  proper  Muster  Rolls,  Requisitions  and  returns." 
Hoke  concluded  his  letter  by  revealing  the  basic  ^veakness  of  the 
Confederacy. 


8  The  Bloody  Sixth 

No  officer  is  allowed  to  make  any  expenditures  on  account 
of  the  State  for  troops  in  the  service  of  the  Confederate  States, 
or  to  issue  to  them  any  supplies  belonging  to  the  State,  without 
authority  from  this  office.^ 

The  North  Carolina  adjutant  general  had  a  great  deal  of  control 
over  the  pay  and  supply  of  State  Troops  and  volunteers,  and  even 
decided  who  would  bear  the  expense  of  maintaining  the  troops. 
Amidst  all  this  controversy  Fisher  was  not  forgotten.  On  July  10, 
Branch,  under  orders  from  Governor  Heniy  T.  Clark,  paid  him  the 
sum  of  S5,000  as  reimbursement  for  the  raising  and  equipping  of 
the  Sixth  Regimen t.csTh is  relie\ed  the  strain  on  Fisher's  personal 
finances. 

On  June  1,  1861,  the  regiment,  still  in  the  process  of  organization, 
was  moved  from  Charlotte  to  Company  Shops  (modern  Burlington) 
on  die  North  Carolina  Railroad.  Neill  W.  Ray,  later  a  captain  in  the 
regiment,  said. 

The  camp  was  in  an  old  field  along  the  Railroad,  just  east 
of  the  shops.  It  is  now  a  part  of  the  town  of  Burlington.  W?) 

The  men  drilled  in  the  fields  along  the  railroad  tracks  throughout 
the  month  of  June.  As  they  drilled  they  often  saw  train  loads  of 
troops  passing  from  states  farther  south.  The  passing  troops  cheered 
with  cries  of  "on  to  Virginia"  ^vhich  were  answered  with  "hearty 
responses"  by  the  men  of  the  Sixth.  ^ 

Much  had  to  be  done  before  the  regiment  was  ready  for  the  field. 
Officers  had  to  be  appointed  and  military  equipment  had  to  be 
issued  to  the  men.  Furthermore,  the  men  needed  a  great  deal  of 
drilling  to  prepare  them  for  the  battlefield. 

The  appointments  of  officers  for  the  first  ten  regiments  of  North 
Carolina  State  Troops  were  made  after  lengthy  consultation  between 
Governor  Ellis  and  a  special  militai-y  board,  which  had  been  created 
for  this  purpose  by  an  act  of  the  North  Carolina  General  Assembly. 
This  board  consisted  of  three  men,  "one  of  whom  at  least  shall  be 
skilled  in  military  affairs. '@rhe  members  of  the  board  were  appointed 
by  the  governor  and  would  continue  in  office  for  the  duration  of  his 
term  "or  until  removed  by  him."  It  was  the  duty  of  the  Military 
Board  "to  advise  with  the  Governor  relative  to  the  appointment  of 
all  military  and  Naval  Officers,  or  such  other  matters  respecting  naval 
or  military  affairs  as  the  General  Assembly  shall  assign  to  said  Board."  ^ 
The  board  was  directed  to  keep  accurate  records  and  accounts  of  its 
activities.  The  first  officer  of  the  board  was  established  as  an  ex- 
officio  aid  to  the  governor  "with  the  rank  and  pay  of  a  Colonel  in 
the  Army  of  the  Confederate  States  of  America."  Other  provisions 
of  the  act  which  created  the  board  concerned  the  salary  of  the  chief 
officer  of  the  board,  the  right  of  the  governor  to  "convene  said  Board 


A  RFoniFNT  Is  Organized  9 

from  time  to  time,  and  whenever  he  may  deem  proper,"  the  filling 
of  vacancies  in  the  board,  and  the  salaries  of  members  of  the  board 
besides  the  principal  officer,  ^\ho  "shall  receive  three  dollars  per  day 
for  each  dav  thev  are  actuallv  ensraaed  in  the  senice  of  the  State,  and 
the  same-^mileage  as  is  no-^v  allowed  members  of  the  General  As- 
sembly.'^The  act  was  ratified  by  the  General  Assembly  on  May  10 
and  signed  by  Governor  Ellis  on  the  following  da)K5rhe  board,  which 
consisted  of  ex-Governor  Warren  Winslow  as  president,  Major  James 
A.  J.  Bradford,  and  Haywood  AV.  Guion,  met  at  the  Executive  Man- 
sion in  Raleigh  "and  proceeded  to  business."  @ 

On  May  23  the  board  appointed  Charles  F.  Fisher  as  Colonel 
of  the  Sixth  Regiment.  "William  T.  Dortch,  Speaker  of  the  North 
Carolina  House  of  Commons,  ■ivas  appointed  lieutenant  colonel, 
Robert  M.  McKinney,  James  "W.  "Wilson,  Jimiii^_I..  Hill,  A.  K.  Simon- 
ton,  and  P.  A.  Yorke  ivere  appointed  captainsS^Dr.  A.  M.  Xesbitt  of 
Salisbury  •i\-as  appointed  s'  rgeon^^olonel  Fisher's  rank  dated  from 
]\Iay  16;  the  cajjtains'  date  of  rank  began  on  Mav  15.  (^ 

During  the  last  days  of  May  the  Militar)'  Board  completed  the 
appointments  for  the  regiment.  Dozens  of  men  ^vere  appointed  to 
the  ranks  of  captain,  first  lieutenant,  second  lieutenant,  and  third 
lieutenant.  ^Ipg^  of  these  men  recei\'ed  their  rank  and  seniority  from 
May  16,  186ll2AVhen  the  organization  of  the  regiment  was  completed 
the  roster  included. 

Colonel,  Charles  F.  Fisher:  Lieut.  Colonel  "W.  T.  Dortch, 
Major  Charles  E.  Lightfoot:  Adjutant  H.  B.  Loi\rie;  A.  M.  Nes- 
bitt.  Surgeon:  J.  A.  Caldwell  and  C.  A.  Henderson  Assistant  Sur- 
geons: N.  E.  Scales,  A.  Q.  M.  (Assistant  Ouartennaster)  and 
W.  H.  Alexander,  A.  C.  S.   (Assistant  Commissary  Sergeant)  . 

Co.  A:  Robert  McKinney,  Capt.  S.  S.  Kirkland,  1  Lieut.  J. 
Calder  Turner,  2  Lt.  A.  M.  Kirkland,  }r.  2  Lietit. 

Co.  B:  Robert  F.  Webb,  Capt.  \V.K.  Parrish,  1  Lieut.  \\K  E. 
McMannon  2  Lieut.  "W.  P.  Manginn,  Jr.,  2  Lieut. 

Co.  C:  ^V.  J.  Freeland,  Capt.  "W.  ]'.  Durhams,  1  Lieut.  "W.  G. 
Guess,  2  Lieut.  E.  Ttnner,  Jr.  2  Lieut. 

Co.  D:  S.  McD.  Tate,  Capt.,  D.  C.  Pearson,  1  Lieut.  N.  W. 
Ray  2  Lieut.  John  Carson,  Jr.  2  Lieut. 

Co.  E:  Isaac  E.  Avery,  Capt.  .\.  C.  Aveiy,  I  Lieut.,  J.  H.  Burns 
2  Lieut.,  J.  A.  McPherson,  Jr.  2  Lieut. 

Co.  F:  James  W.  Wilson,  Capt.,  R.  F.  Carter,  1  Lieut..  B.  F. 
White,  2  Lieut.,  H.  C.  Dixon,  Jr.  2  Lieut. 

Co.  G:  James  A.  Craig  Capt.,  B.  R.  Smith,  1  Lieut.,  J.  T. 
Roseboro,  2  Lieut. 

Co.  H:  A.  A.  Mitchell,  Capt.,  L.  H.  "Walker,  1  Lieut.,  J.  A. 
Lea,  2  Lieut.,  J.  T.  Anderson,  Jr.  2  Lieut. 

Co.  I:  R.  ^V.  York  Capt.,  m'.  "W.  Page  1  Lieut.,  "W.  B.  Allen  2 
Lieut.,  M.  B.  Barbee,  Jr.  2  Lieut. 


10  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Co.  K:  J.  W.  Lea,  Capt.,  J.  S.  Vincent,  1  Lieut.,  Samuel  Craw- 
ford 2  Lieut.,  Samuel  Roney,  Jr.  2  Lieut.  iKi) 

Before  it  went  to  the  field  each  North  Carolina  regiment  needed 
a  colonel,  a  lieutenant  colonel,  a  major,  an  adjutant,  one  surgeon  and 
two  assistant  surgeons,  one  assistant  quartennaster,  an  assistant  com- 
missary sergeant,  and  ten  companies  of  troops.  Each  company  had 
a  captain,  one  first  lieiuenant,  two  second  lieutenants,  and,  on  the 
average,  from  fifty  to  eighty  men.  Each  regiment  was  also  equipped 
with  a  chaplain,  appointed  by  the  Military  Board  in  the  case  of  the 
first  ten  regiments  of  State  Troops.  ^ 

The  Sixth  Regiment  drilled  at  Company  Shops  throughout  the 
month  of  June,  1861.  Much  preparation  was  necessary  before  the 
men  could  take  the  field.  Many  problems  had  to  be  faced  before  the 
regiment  could  function  as  an  efficient  fighting  unit.  Fisher  was 
still  raising  troops  for  his  regiment.  One  company,  the  Cedar  Fork 
Rifles,  came  in  from  Wake  Coiuity.lS^nother,  the  Chatham  Rifles, 
came  from  Chatham  County.^iOn  May  21  Fisher  wrote  Richard 
Watt  York,  Captain  of  the  Cedar  Fork  Rifles: 

I  beg  yoti  to  excuse  me  to  your  company  for  not  going  up 
to  day.  I  have  been  absolutely  and  unavoidably  detained  here 
to  day  on  official  duties,  which  you  know  cannot  be  neglected, 
&  quite  unable  to  get  away  I  am  obliged  to  go  West  tonight  on 
the  same  matters.  I  am  called  upon  to  present  the  names  of 
Captain  &  officers  for  appointment.  I  believe  no  more  short  temi 
volunteers  will  be  received,  so  the  Governor  says — until  the  State 
Troops  are  filled  up,  so  your  question  ^\ould  be  as  bet^\'een  my- 
self &:  some  other  chief.  I  -ivill  come  do\\-n  on  an  engine  Thinsday 
so  as  to  be  sure  to  see  you  &  the  company. 

If  you  are  yet  detemiined,  send  me  your  names  of  officers 
by  morning  train  to  report  for  appointment  at  once,  or  wait  to 
see  me — as  you  please.  O) 

Wyatt  B.  Allen  wrote  Colonel  Fisher  on  May  28  that  the 
Chatham  Rifles  "will  be  here  Thursday  (at  Morrisville,  Wake 
County) ."  The  rifles  were  the  only  organized  militia  unit  in 
Chatham  County,  although  another  was  being  raised  "and  will  be 
organized  in  a  few  davs  and  it  will  be  known  as  the  'Mount  Pleasant 
Riflemen.'  "  Allen  wrote  Fisher: 

If  yoti  have  reed  a  request  from  any  of  our  company  to  make 
some  preparation  to  take  the  Ladies  of  the  Cedar  Fork  Sewing 
Society  to  Cai7  next  Wednesday  you  will  please  not  do  so  on 
that  day,  but  any  preparation  or  accommodation  shown  them 
on  next  Friday  to  ivhich  day  the  party  has  been  postponed  ivill 
I  assue  you  be  duly  appreciated. (C|) 


A  Regiment  Is  Organized  11 

The  sponsoring  of  social  affairs  was  important  to  the  raising-  of  Con- 
federate troops.    It  reflected  the  social  temper  of  the  times. 

Fisher  had  a  problem  with  ^Villiam  T.  Dortch,  his  lieutenant 
colonel.  Although  he  ^vas  motivated  by  patriotic  fervor,  Dortch  ex- 
pressed some  unwillingness  to  retain  his  position  with  the  regiment. 
On  June  1,  he  jyrote  Fisher  saying  that  his  retpiest  for  transfer 
had  been  deniedP?)ortch  admitted  that  "matters  must  remain  as  they 
are  ...  I  was  willing  to  yield  my  position,  -(and  am  no\\)  ,  if  your 
engagements  could  have  been  carried  out."«2)ortch  remained  with 
the  regiment  for  the  moment^nd  even  had  himself  fitted  for  a  uni- 
fomi  towards  the  end  of  June.^saThe  question  of  Dortch's  position  with 
the  regiment  would  remain  temporarily  unresolved. 

As  the  month  of  June  progressed  Fisher  continued  to  face  the 
problem  of  supplying  the  regiment  with  medicines,  food,  and  uni- 
forms. Doctor  Nesbitt  and  his  assistants  needed  many  medical  sup- 
plies to  cure  the  diseases  common  to  rural  boys  camped  together  for 
the  first  time.  From  May  15  to  June  1  Fisher  purchased  many 
medicines  from  the  North  Carolina  firm  of  E.  W.  Hutchison  and 
Company.  Among  these  articles  were  "1  vial  Sol  Iodic!  Potash,  1 
Bot.  Ointment  for  Recruit,  1  box  pills,  5  bot  (s)  Salts,  8  oz.  Lauda- 
num, 1  Bot.  C  (odliver)  Oil,  1  tress,  1  vial  medicine  for  Reoniit,  2 
bot  (s)  aiTow  Root,  3  Prescriptions  for  Pills  for  Recruit,  etc."*ESome 
paragoric,  some  quinine,  and  another  prescription  completed  the 
list  which  must  have  been  as  distasteful  as  it  was  irecessan'  for  the 
men.    Fisher  expended  the  sum  of  §12.80  for  this  medicine.  (fe|) 

More  unifonn  material  had  to  be  procured  to  clothe  the  growing 
number  of  recruits  at  Camp  Alamance.  On  June  3  Colonel  Fisher 
paid  SI  1.80  for  294  yards  of  jeans  materi^  This  material  -was  pur- 
chased from  F.  H.  Fries,  a  local  merchantSStlany  merchants,  realizing 
that  Colonel  Fisher's  regiment  was  a  possible  "gold  mine,"  solicited 
the  Colonel's  business.  G.  Rosenthal  wrote  Colonel  Fisher  from  Yan- 
ceyville  on  June  18: 

Captain  A.  Mitchell  told  me  last  week  that  you  wanted  to 
buy  flanell  undershirts  &:  drawers.  I  have  a  lot  of  vei-y  good  ones, 
such  as  our  volunteers  here  (in  Caswell  County)  received,  con- 
sisting of  about  70  shirts  and  50  pr.  drawers,  on  hand  and  offer 
you  tire  same  at  75  cts  and  $1.00  a  piece. 

The  quality  is  as  good  as  can  be  expected  for  the  price  and 
a  good  many  of  the  shirts  sell  at  SI. 25  and  S1.50.('^^ 


Other  merchants  plagued  Colonel  Fisher  with  requests  for  payment. 
Kahm\-eiler  8:  Bros.,  a  Charlotte  clothing  finn,  -ivrote  the  colonel  on 
June  26  requesting  payment  for  "50  pr  gray  blankets"  purcliased 
on  April  30.  The  bill  in\olved  amounted  to  $100.   (2j) 

While  lavishing  thousands  of  dollars  worth  of  equipment  on  his 
men,  Fisher  did  not  neglect  his  personal  needs.    Retaining  his  highly- 


12  The  Bloody  Sixth 

paid  posjlion  ^vith  the  Nortli  Carolina  Railroad  until  he  left  for 
Virginiai^isher  was  able  to  go  off  to  war  like  a  wealthy  gentleman. 
On  June  4  he  piuxhased  a  large  wall  tent  for  himself  and  paid 
the  sum  of  $50.00  in  cash  for  it.C*Ie  engaged  O.  S.  Baldwin  of  38 
Market  Street  in  Wilmington  to  make  a  tmifonn  for  him,  i^esplend- 
ent  even  to  special  eagle  shoulder  straps.Ciorisher  pinchased  six  sets 
of  knives  and-forks  and  four  sets  of  spoons  for  himself  and  his  staff 
on  June  26sl2the  colonel,  used  to  luxury  in  civilian  life,  was  de- 
termined to  go  to  Virginia  in  style.  On  July  1,  he  wrote  the  fol- 
lo^^•ing  note  to  James  C.  Smyth: 

I  promise  to  pay  Jas.  C.  Smyth  on  order  One  Hundred  & 
Twenty  five  dollars  for  the  hire  of  Randal,  who  goes  with  me 
as  a  servant  into  the  Campaign  in  Virginia.  I  shall  clothe  &  take 
all  care  of  him  imder  the  circumstances — as  to  health  &  gen- 
eral safety.  (7^ 

During  the  month  of  June  Fisher  continued  to  supply  food  for 
his  men.  Early  in  the  nionth  R.  \V.  Griffith  ^\•as  paid  S300  for 
2,400  potmds  of  baconi^ZH.  Weatherspoon,  Fisher's  agent  at  Cedar 
Fork,  Wake  County,  -svrote, 

...  I  have  purchased  some  300  lbs.  Bacon.,  and  as  I  shall 
be  ready  to  move  any  time  next  iveek,  you  will  please  let  me 
kno-(\-,  when  you  will  take  iis  on,  and  where,  the  company  (Co.  I., 
"Cedar  Fork  Rifles,"  Capt.  R.  W.  York,  comdg.)  will  expect  their 
bounty. 


North  Carolina  troops,  including  the  Sixth  Regiment,  had  a  more 
varied  diet  in  the  early  days  of  the  Civil  'W^ir  than  is  generally  sup- 
posed. Articles  at  the  Wilmington  Railroad  Depot,  awaiting  ship- 
ment to  troops  in  Virginia  in  the  spring  of  1861,  included  bacon, 
flour,  hard  bread,  beans,  rice,  coffee,  sugar,  vinegar,  candles,  soap, 
salt,  molasses,  fish,  pickles,  dried  fruit,  corn,  cattle,  lard,  and  meal. 
This  list  shows  that  the_average  Confederate  soldier  ate  vei7  well,  at 
least  in  the  beginning.fw) 

The  most  important  equipment  problem  faced  by  the  Sixth  Regi- 
ment was  the  matter  of  weapons  and  military  hardware.  The  equip- 
ping of  the  first  ten  regiments  of  State  Troops  was  under  th&-control 


of  the  colonel  of  ordnance  for  the  state  of  North  Carolina^'Begin 
ning  on  May  29  this  official  issued  militaiy  eqiupment  to  the 
regiment.  On  that  date  Captain  Craige  of  Company  G  was  issued 
one  pair  of  bullet  moulds,  one  screw  dwver  (for  extracting  unfired 
cartridges  from  muskets),  and  one  claspSiOn  June  17  the  Ordnance 
Department  shipped  Fisher  200  rifled  muskets,  600  pattern  1822 
muskets,  800  barrel  wipers,  800  screw  drivers,  800  spare  cones,  80 
spring  vises,  80  ball  screws,  40  arm  chests,  800  cartridges  boxes  with 


RALEIGH.  NORT;;  C^R'JLINA 
SEARCH  ROOM 

A  Regiment  Is  Organized  13 

belts,  800  cap  pouches,  and  800  bayonet  scabbardfPOn  June  28 
Fisher  received  200  rifled  muskets,  200  wipers,  800  screw  drivers,  200 
spare  cones,  20  spring  inses,  20  ball  screws,  and  10  arms  chests  (for 
transporting  muskets')<SOn  June  17,  Fisher  j«is  furnished  with  82 
altered  muskets  which  cost  the  state  $600iScompany  G  received 
64  blankets,  20  knapsacks,  83  haver  sacks,  83  canteens,  84  cartridge 
boxes,  84  cartridge  box  belts,  84^elt  plates,  and  84  bayonet  scab- 
bards during  the  month  of  June(iMnother  company  which  might  be 
considered  representative  of  the  rest  of  the  regiment  was  Captain 
Richard  Watt  York's  Company  I.  These  men  received  81  cartridge 
boxes,  cap  boxes,  bayonet  scabbards,  and  belts;  81  shirts;  61  coats;  12 
pairs  of  pants;  12  pairs  of  shoes;  4  camp  kettles;  81  knapsacks;  and  81 
haver  sacks  during  the  month  of  JuneSivhile  the  regiment  was  at 
Raleigh,  immediately  before  departing  for  Virginia,  the  men  received 
20,000  rifle  musket  cartridges  (with  caps) ,  7,550  musket  cartridges, 
and  "12,000  cartridges  with  caps,  Rec'd.  from  Capt.  W.  \V.  Pierce."  @ 

In  early  JungJ"isher's  sister,  Christine,  presented  a  fine  silken  flag 
to  the  regimen®rhis  Hag,  beautifully  made  of  blue  silk,  carried  the 
state  seal,  which  represented  two  women  standing  by  a  horn  of  plenty 
with  the  words  "to  be  rather  than  to  seem"  written  below.  This  was 
a  significant  motto  for  the  regiment  to  uphold. (^ 

For  most  of  the  men  in  the  Sixth  Regiment  life  went  on  at  Com- 
pany Shops,  set  to  the  tune  of  driun  beats:  the  "Troops,"  for  assembling 
the  men  in  the  morning;  "Peas-in-a-Trencher,"  the  beat  for  breakfast; 
"Roast  Beef,"  the  signal  for  dinner;  the  "Surgeon's  Call,"  beat  for  the 
men  who  were  sick;  the  "Assembly,"  the  beat  to  fomi  by  company;  the 
"Color,"  the  signal  for  fomiation  by  battalion;  the  "Long  Roll,"  the 
signal  for  falling  in  ujider  arms;  the  "Retreat,"  to  be  beat  in  the  eve- 
ning— for  the  p^trpose  of  reading  the  orders  of  the  day;  the  "Tattoo," 
the  signal  for  -'lights  out"  m  the  evening{Sbne  of  the  men  in  the 
Sixth  wrote  to  hig  family  in  CTiatham  County  in  early  July.  Flis  letter, 
typical  of  the  soldier's  life  at  Company  Shops,  canies  the  homesick 
protest  of  the  Coiifederate  soldier,  away  from  home  and  friends  for 

the  first  time: 
U 

Deav  Brother  Intake  this  privilege  of  writing  you  a  few  lines 
to  let  you  no  tha^I  am  well  and  hoping  when  these  few  lines 
come  ta.hand  they^may  find  you  and  sister  and  all  the  rest  well. 
I  should  like  vei7  iltttch  to  see  you  all  and  to  talk  with  you  but 
I  don't  no  when  I  shall  get  the  chance  for  we  are  not  low'd  to  go 
to  the  S^ops  without  a  permit  and  we  are  not  lo^\'d  to  miss  a 
drill  witlK)ut  a  furlo  sickness  or  permit.  'We  are  under  tite  rules 
you  dont  no  how  tite  they  are  (.)  I  wish  I  coul  see  you  and  then 
I  could  tell  you  what  I  thought  of  campt  life  it  is  vei7  tite  rules 
and  confinen  (.)  (VV^.e  have  got  our  gims  we  have  returned  our 
muskets  and  gof  rifl^  muskets  they  look  much  better  but  I 
havent  tride  thehi  we  havent  got  airy  close    (clothes)      since  we 


14  The  Bloody  Sixth 

have  bin  up  here  (:)  some  of  us  have  got  shoes  we  havent  got 
but  fifteen  dollars  apeace  since  we  volunteered.  Tom  is  well 
except  his  arm  \vhere  he  was  vactinnated.  Ive  bin  vactionnated 
twice  and  now  my  ann  is  very  sore  we  have  meat  and  bread  and 
coffey  and  sometimes  molasses  and  sometimes  other  things  when 
we  pay  for  them  our  selves  (.)  (T)  here  are  severl  here  to  day 
from  Cedarfork  .  .  .  there  is  a  rite  smart  of  sickness  in  this 
campt.  (W)  e  are  crowded  in  our  tent  there  is  six  of  us  and  our 
guns  and  bedding  and  cloathing  satchels  etc.  (^ 

The  letter  reflects  the  age-old  need  for  the  company  of  women:  ".  .  . 
I  wish  I  could  see  the  girls  about  home  if  I  could  come  to  old 
Chatham  I  would  hug  them  as  hard  as  ever  I  did  (,)  for  ivhen  I  was 
down  there  before  I  huehed  them  and  they  hughed  so  good  I  want 
to  hug  them  again  (.)  "^^This  soldier's  company  was  "the  skirmish 
company,"  forcing  him  to  stand  guard  evei^  day;  "it  takes  six  fiom 
our  company  every  day."  The  letter  closes  with  the  sad  wish  that 
"if  we  meet  no  more  on  earth  I  hope  to  meet  in  heaven  where 
parting  -(vill  be  no  more.  .  .  ."  ^3) 

Many  ladies'  aid  societies  throughout  central  North  Carolina 
assisted  the  regiment  by  making  much-needed  clothing  for  the  men. 
Fisher  expressed  his  appreciation  "to  the  Ladies  of  Hillsborough" 
for  "their  valuable  services"  in  a  letter  to  the  HiUsborough  Re- 
corderW^e  was  lavish  in  his  praise,  stating  that  the  ladies  "are 
rendering  to  the  State  a  service  only  second  to  that  of  the  soldier  in 
the  field,  and  deserve  consideration  accordingly. "gj* 

The  end  of  June  sa^\'  many  more  appointments  in  the  Sixth 
Regiment,  .\lfred  A.  Mitchell  Avas  appointed  Captain  of  Company  K 
on  June  l/vaLevi  H.  'Walker  was  appointed  a  first  lieutenant,  while 
Quentin  T.  Anderson  aad  Jeri^  A.  Lea  -were  appointed  second  lieu- 
tenants on  the  same  day>^Villiam  Preston  Mangum,  son  of  ex-LTnited 
States  Senator  Willie  P.  Mangum.  was  appointed  a  second  lieuten- 
ant in  Company  B  on  June  27.'lS'amuel  S-Jvirkland  was  appointed 
Captain  of  Company  K  on  the  same  da)'^\ll  these  appointments 
were  made  by  the  Military  Board  at  Raleigh  in  accordance  with  the 
established  policy  of  naming  officers  for  State  TroopsS-^he  Military 
Board  issued  another  order  in  connection  with  the  Sixth  Regiment. 
On  June  28  it  directed  that, 

.  .  .  the  O.  ^L  &  P.  M.  General  be  infomied  that  the  2d., 
3d.,  4th.,  5th.,  &  6th.  Regiments  of  the  State  Troops  will  rendez- 
vous immediately  at  Gai^sburg  and  that  he  be  requested  to  fit 
them  out  as  expeditiously  as  possible.(2oi) 

These  wert  ominous  words;  the  great  adventure  was  ready  to  begin. 


II 


On  to  Manassas 


".  .  .  /  am  trying  to  do  my  duty — ir  be  sine  that  I  understand  it 
too  well  ever  to  make  an  unnecessary  .  .  .  risk  of  the  life  which  be- 
longs to  7ny  family  as  well  as  myself." 

Charles  F.  Fisher  to  his  sister,  Jllv  17,  1S6I. 


On  July  3,  1861,  the  regimenUTvas  officially  transfeired  to  the 
service  of  the  Confederate  States(->^This  probably  meant  an  early 
transfer  to  the  seat  of  war  in  Virginia.  Nevertheless,  more  personal 
matters  continued  to  press  upon  the  officers  and  men.  On  July  4 
Major  Lightfoot  was  forced  to  go  to  Hillsijoro  to  ivait  upon  his 
sick  wife.  He  did  not  neglect  his  duties  in  spite  of  family  problems; 
"I  have  myself  notified  every  captain  as  to  what  you  wish  done  to- 
morroiv.  Have  made  them  take  notes  of  the  order,  so  that  there  may 
be  no  misunderstandino'.    I  shall  leave  the  order  \vith  Col.   Dortch 

o 

^vho  \vill,  I  know,  see  that  your  -wishes  are  carried  out.  I  ha\e  said 
nothing  to  any  one  about  the  time  of  our  leaving."@ 

The  nren  entrained  ■(vithout  incident  on  Jidy  8  for  Raleigh, 
passing  through  Hillsboro  to  the  cheers  of  "A  large  portion  of  the 
ladies  and  citizens  of  the  town,  and  many  from  thej:ountry  around," 
who  had  assembled  at  the  depot  to  see  them  pass.®Upon  arrival  at 
Raleigh  the  men  received  sad  ne^vs.  Governor  Ellis  had.  died  "on  the 
7th  inst,  at  the  Red  Sidphur  Springs  Va.'^^isher  was  directed  to, 

.  .  .  detail  t\\o  companies  of  yoiu"  Regt  under  Major  Light- 
foot,  for  the  purpose  of  proceeding  to  Petersburg  to  escort  the 
body  to  this  place.  .-.(£) 

The  remainder  of  the  regiment  ^\as  ordered  to  remain  in  Raleigh 
to  be  held  "in  readiness"  to  form  the  funeral  escort .C&These  were  saci 
beginnings  for  an  illustrious  career.  Lieutenant  Colonel  Dortch-^^^•as 
ordered  to  go  to  Tarboro  to  "accompany  Mr.  Clark  here.''2T"he 
last  honors  to  North  Carolina's  deceased  governor  had  to  be  carried 

15 


16  The  Bloody  Sixth 

out  even  though  Confederate  President  Davis  had  been  infomied  that 
the  regiment  ivould  be  at  Richmond  "ten  days  ago."(3Heni-y  T.  Clark, 
North  Carolina's  new  governor,  assured  Confederate  Seaetai-y  of 
War  Leroy  P.  Walker  that  the  legiment  "will  leave  tomon■o^\'  and 
will  be  subject  to  your  orders  and  is  now  fomially  tendered. "(7/ 

At  9:30  A.M.  on  July  10  the  remains  of  JGovernor  Ellis,  escorted 
by  Companies  B  and  C  of  the  Sixth  RegimenP^rrived  at  the  depot  of 
the  North  Carolina  Railroad  in  Raleigh.  The  governor's  body  was 
"removed  from  the  cars  and  escorted  to  the  Capitol  biL  the  military 
guard,"  where  the  state  flag  was  placed  over  the  coffinC^he  Raleigh 
Register  described  the  funeral  procession: 

At  10  o'clock  the  procession  moved  from  the  south  gate  of 
the  Capitol  down  Fayetteville  Street  to  the  Executive  Mansion,  in 
the  following  order:  Brigadier  General  Gwynn,  State  Troops 
commanding,  aided  by  Captain  A.  D.  Moore.  1st.  Music,  2nd. 
Sixth  Regiment  of  Infanti-y,  Col.  Fisher,  3rd.  Ellis  Light  Artil- 
lery, Maj.  Ramseur.,  4th,  Hearse  with  the  body-,  5th.  Pall  Bearers., 
6th  Reverend  Clergy.,  7th.  Surgeon  General  and  Medical  Staff., 
8th.  Family  and  relations  of  deceased.,  9th.  Governor  of  State., 
10th.  Speaker  of  House  oL  Commons.,  11th.  Officers  of  the  Execti- 
tive  Departments.  .  .  .   (f^ 

The  procession  moved  from  the  capitol,  marched  down  Fayetteville 
Street,  "at  a  quick  march,"  and  arrived  at  the  Executive  Mansion. 
Here  the  remains  were  removed  from  the  hearse,  and,  "after  appropri- 
ate religious  services  conductecLby  the  Rev.  Dr.  Mason,"  Tvere  left 
in  the  care  of  an  honor  guard.^^On  the  morning  of  the  11th  "about 
8  o'clock"  the  coffin  was  escorted  from  the  mansion  to  the  North 
Carolina  Railroad  by  a  military  detachment  which  included  part  of 
the  Sixth  Regiment.  This  procession  was  "accompanied  by  an  ex- 
cellent band  of  music,  marched  with  slow  measured  steps  to  the 
funeral  dirge  which  was  so  well  discoursed  by  the  band.  .  .  ."iffjChe 
coffin  was  deposited  on  the  train,  and  sent  to  the  Ellis  family  bvuying 
ground  near  Holtsburg,  Davidson  County.  The  delegation  from  the 
Sixth  Regiment  accompanied  the  remains  to  their  final  resting  place.  ^ 
While  these  obsequies  were  in  progress,  the  business  places  in  Raleigh 
were  closed  and  private  homes  were  draped  in  moiuning.  The  public 
buildings  in  Raleigh  "and  the  statue  of  Washington  on  the  Capitol 
Square"  were  also  draped.  All  flags  were  lowered  to  half-mast,  bells 
tolled,  and  "half-hour  guns  fired  during  the  day  by  a  detachment  of 
the  Wilmington  Light  Artillery."  @ 

Governor  Ellis'  death  caused  an  important  change  in  Fisher's  staff. 
Lieutenant  Colonel  Dortch  resigned  his  commisspn  to  become 
Speaker  of  the  North  Carolina  House  of  CommonsM^Warren  Win- 
slow,  President  of  the  Military  Board,  filled  the  regimental  vacancy: 


On  to  Manassas  17 

Major  Chas.  E.  Lightfoot  of  the  6th  Regt.  State  Troo])s  has 
Ijeen  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Lt.  Colonel.  Capt.  Robt.  F.  Webb 
to  the  rank  of  Major  1st  Lt.  Wm.  R.  Parish  to  the  rank  of  Cap- 
tain. 2nd  Lt.  W'ni.  E.  McMannen  to  the  rank  of  1st  Lieutenant. (^ 

The   futme  staff  arrangements   of   the   regiment   were   beginning   to 
sliape  up." 

■\\'hile  the  regiment  -ivas  at  Raleigh  one  of  the  men  voiced  an  atti- 
tude ^vhich  ^\as  prevalent  in  the  ranks: 

.  .  .  we  had  a  very  good  breakfast  this  morning.  Oin  fair 
^vill  be  beter  here  after,  a  ^vhile  anv  ho^w  ...  I  ^vant  to  qq  an 
kill  Old  Abe  an  come  back  home.  .  .  .  /7?) 

Although  the  regiment  ivas  ready  for  combat,  Fisher  found  he 
had  many  purchases  to  make  and  numerous  accounts  to  settle. 
One  of  these  was  for  the  sum  of  S6.00  "for  3  days  board  for  2 
horses."  This  covered  the  animals  of  Fisher_and  Lieutenant  Colonel 
Dortch  ^\h>ift  the  regiment  ^vas  in  Raleigh. (£>lnother  bill^as  for  "a 
small  ham'^nd  still  another,  for  S71.22,  for  gray  flannel— fisher  was 
forced  to  pay  some  of  the  bounty  money  for  his  men  out  of  his  own 
pocket.  Captain^\lfred  A.  Mitchell's  Company  H  received  S880 
in  this  mannerW-<rhe  colonel  even  went  so  far  as  to  advance  the 
salaries  of  manv  of  his  officers  out  of  his  own  pocket,  "to  be-xefunded 
from  the  first  pay  roll  of  the  Confederate  Government. '^iiSome  of 
the  officers  involved  and  the  amounts  they  received  were  "Charles  E. 
Lightfoot  Maj.  pd.  220.,  W.  H.  Alexander  Commissai^  120.,  Rich. 
\V.  York  150.,  M.  W.  Page  75^V.  B.  Alex  (ande)  r  50.,  W.  B.  Le^vis 
75.,  A.  M.  Kirkland  100.  .  .  .'@3^he  total  sum  expended  by  Fisher  in 
this  manner  amounted  to  Sl,470!(^) 

The  total  sum  expended  by  Fisher  in  paying  bills  "for  material 
and  making  clotheing  of  6th  Infantry"  ^vas  $2,128.49rs  This  did 
not  include  $410  paid  to  Miss  Sallie  Pool  "for  caps.'viM  ivas  pos- 
sibly a  good  thing,  at  least  for  Fisher's  Docketbook,  that  the  regiment 
left  Raleigh  for  Virginia  on  July  ll-x#^ 

The  men  moved  through  Weldorfj^eaching  PetersJjurg  that  night. 
After  breakfast  the  regiment  left  for  RichmondS-l.ieutenant  Ray 
described  the  regiment's  stay  in  Richmond: 

We  stopped  there  for  a  day,  awaiting  transportation,  camp- 
ing at  the  old  Fair  Ground.  President  Davis  reviewed  the  regi- 
ment, making  a  short  speech  to  us.   ^7) 

The  troops  left  Richmond  late  in  the  evening  of  July  12,  trav- 
elled by  train  all  night,  "and  passed  Manassas  Junction  where 
General  Beauregard  ij_encamped  and  strongly  fortified  Sunday  about 
ele\en   o'clock.    .    .   .'(^he   men   stayed   at    Manassas    Junction    imtil 


18  The  Bloody  Sixth 

early  on  the  morning  of  July  14.  They  then  embarked  on  the 
cars  and  proceeded  to  Stra^burg  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley  via 
'  the  Manassas  Gap  Railroad\?Spending  the  night  of  the  14th  at  Stras- 
burg,  they  were  force-marched  to  Winchester,  a  distance  of  eighteen 
miles  up  the  Valley  Turnpike,  on  the  morning  of  July  ISS^yLieti- 
tenant  Willie  P.  Mangum  of  Company  B  described  this  march: 

We  all  suffered  much  from  fatigue  and  want  of  food  and 
the  bad  weather.  But  soldiers  must  become  accustomed  to  pri- 
vations. ^^ 

It  took  the  regiment  six  hoius  to  reach  Winchester,  excellent   time 
for  troops  unaccustomed  to  the  rigors  of  war.@) 

The  Sixth  Regiment  anived  in  an  anxious  Winchester.  The  ap- 
proach of  Union  forces  to  the  north,  in  Maryland,  was  expected  al- 
most momentarily  !>lZ6outheniforces  at  Winchester,  commanded  by 
General  Joseph  E.  Johnston~25[vere  determined  to  resist  the  Union 
advance.    Peter  W.  Harrston  of  North  Carolina  Avrote: 

We  have  4,000  mililia  throwing  up  breast  works.  They  are 
getting  tolerably  well  drilled,  &  behind  those  breastworks  will 
fight  well.  (^ 

The  regiment  marched  into  this  situation,  and  was  placed  in  line 
of  battle  near  the  Confedetate  front  line  in  a  wheat  field  "where  the 
grain  had  just  been  cut.'uJ^The  men  were  tired  and  hungry  from  the 
long  march,  but  were  forced  to  sleep  in  the  wheat  stubble,  tearing 
down  wheat  shocks,  and  "spreading  our  blankets  over  us."  To^dd  to 
the  men's  discomfort,  a  heavy  rain  fell  throughout  the  nightCi^arly 
in  the  morning  Fisher  arose  to  help  prepare  breakfast  for  his  men. 
Captain  York  praised  Fisher  for  this  action,  saying, 

...  a  great  deal  of  oiu-  breakfast  on  the  morning  of  the  17th 
was  cooked  by  the  hands  of  Charles  F.  Fisher.  It  is  useless  for  me 
to  say  how  otir  Regiment  loves  him.  ^) 

Many  problems  presented  themselves  to  Fisher  while  the  regiment 
was  encamped  in  the  vicinity  of  Winchester.  Lists  were  prepared  to 
show  which  officers  owed  money  to  the  colonel,  advanced  to  them 
for  their  first  pay.viarhe  band  was  paid  $300  and  sent  home  to  Salis- 
bui7;  even  the  small  sums  (12.00  each) ,  owed  by  the  officers  for 
their  commissions,  had  to  be  properly  accounted  foiv*The  colonel 
sent  James  C.  Smythe*i20.00  as  partial  reimbursement  for  the  hire 
of  his  valet,  RandaltiSAll  of  these  money  matters  were  aggravated 
by  the  fact  that  much  money  was  still  owed  to  merchants  in 
North  Carolina  who  had  supplied  and  equipped  the  regiment^^hese 
accounts  could  be  neglected  for  the  present,  when  there  were  other 


On  to  Manassas  19 

problems  facing  the  regiment,  including  the  dismissal  of  Dr.  Nesbitt, 
the    regimental    surgeon.    Nesbitt    had    been    dismissed    on    July    15,   _,^ 
but   remained    in    sendee,    eventually   joining    a   Virginia    regiment,  c^' 
Amid  all  these  problems  Fisher  held  finnly  to  a  serene  state  of  mind. 
On  July  17  he  wrote, 

...  I  never  fail  in  an  emergency — &  I  Avill  have  all  right 
soon  today.  .  .  . 

I  write  you  freely  the  truth  always — you  comprehend  clearly 
where  &:  how  we  are — &  the  hereafter,  our  trust  is  in  the  God 
of  Battles  k  and  of  Mercy  8:  of  justice  -ssho  will  always  do  ^^•hat 
is  best  for  us. 

Keej)  therefore  yourself  peaceful,  trustfid  &  satsified — that 
I  am  tiding  to  do  my  duty — &:  be  sine  that  I  understand  it  too 
A\ell  ever  to  make  an  unnecessary  or  rash  risk  of  the  life  which 
belongs  to  my  family  as  well  as  myself.  I  will  write  you  at  the 
first  hour  of  leisure  about  many  things — meantime  be  hopeful 
&  never  anticipate  evil  tidings.  The  wonderful  good  fortune  of 
my  life  will  not  desert  me  now.  fi^ 

These  words  displayed  a  cheerful   attitude,  at   least   an   attitude   of 
manly  resoliuion  in  the  midst  of  an  unpleasant  situation. 

When  the  Sixth  Regiment  reached  Winchester  it  Avas  brigaded 
with  troops  of  Brigadier  General  Bernard  E.  Bee  in  Johnston's  Army 
of  the  ShenandoahtLtrhis  was  the  Third  Brigade,  composed  of  the 

'Seventh  and  Eighth  Georgia  Volunteers  .  .  .  and  two  companies 
Eleventh  Mississippi  Vohmteers  .  .  ."  as  well  as  the  Sixth  North 
Carolina.  @' 

On  the  evening  of  July   18  Johnston  drew  his  army  up  in  line 

'as  on  dress  parade."  He  read  an  order  to  his  men  which  stated  that 
General  Beauregard  was  being  attacked  by  large  masses  of  Union 
infantiy  at  Manassas.  It  was  necessary  to  reinforce  Beaiuegard  be- 
fore the  Confederate  cause  was  lost.  The  troups  responded  to  this 
stirring  information  "with  a  cheer."  The  march  to  aid  Beauregard 
was  begun\2i/'\s  the  Sixth  Regiment  marched  across  the  Blue  Ridge 
Mountains  to^vards  Piedmont  Station  on  the  Manassas  Gap  Railroad, 
thirty  miles  away,  the  men  had  no  idea  that  they  were  embarked  on  a 
long  road  to  fame  and  heartache.  On  that  long,  hot  July  night  the 
destiny  of  the  regiment  was  unkno^vn,  the  end  of  that  long  road  ^vas 
not  in  sight.  ^) 


Ill 


Manassas 


"Again  the  shadoiv  of  a  deep  gloom  has  fallen  upon  our  town.  .  .  . 
".  .  .  Charles  F.  Fisher  is  no  more." 

Salisbltrv    (N.  C.)    Carolina  Watchman,  July  25.  1861. 


The  Third  Brigade  reached  Piedmont  Station  on  the  Manassas 
Gap  Raihoad  on  the  evening  of  July  19.  At  10  o'clock  the  Sixth 
Regiment  marched  into  fields  about  the  station,  tired  by  the  long 
march  over  Ashby's  Gap.w  Dining  the  march  the  Sixth  had  been 
separated  from  Bee's  otfier  troops.  As  the  men  lay  in  a  field  near 
the  station  it  seemed  that  they  would  be  the  last  troops  to  embark 
for  the  battlefield.  However,  fortune  seemed  to  smile  on  the  regi- 
ment that  night.  Fisher  received  news  that  a  train  had  been  derailed, 
"and  a  portion  of  it  wrecked."  If  the  train  weren't  put  back  on  the 
rails  in  time  the  movements  of  the  troops  ^\'Ould  be  delayed.  Fisher 
went  to  the  officer  in  charge  of  the  depot  and  told  him  that  "he  him- 
self was  a  railroad  president  and  a  railroad  contractor,  and  had  in 
his  command  civil  engineers  and  enlisted  men  A\ho  had  been  em- 
ployed in  track-laying  and  section  work.'^/fhe  officer  gave  his  permis- 
sion for  Fisher's  men  to  put  the  train  back  on  the  track.  Huniedly 
Fisher  assembled  a  crew  of  workmen  and,  after  much  efEort  by  the 
toiling,  sweating  men,  the  engine  ivas  finally  heaved  back  on  the 
track.  Because  of  their  efforts,  the  men  "embarked  on  the  next 
train  that  left  for  Manassas. '©The  time  -was  7  o'clock  on  the 
evening  of  July  20.  As  Captain  Ray  explained  it, 

.  .  .  we  were  counted  into  box-cars — so  many  on  top  and  so 
many  inside.  There  were  ugly  rumors  as  to  obstructions  placed 
on  the  track,  evidently  intended  to  impede  oin-  progress. 

With  such  rumors,  with  a  train  of  box-cars  fidl  of  sleepy- 
tired  men,  inside  and  on  top,  in  the  night,  and  through  a  moun- 
tainous coimtry,  it  was  a  dangerous  ricle.  (^ 

20 


Manassas  21 

Arriving  a^  Manassas  Junction  "about  eight  o'clock"  on  Sunday 
morning,  July  21,  the  men  heard  the  opening  fire  of  the  Battle  of 
Manassas  while  Fisher  was  calling  at  headquarters  for  orders.«^Fisher 
soon  returned  and  ordered  his  men  to  move  fonvard  at  a  rapid  pace. 
The  ti^ps  had  been  "\vithout  rest,  water  or  food  for  thirty-six 
hours. '(atven  though  the  men  \vere  exhausted,  the  deafening  artillei7 
fire  "in  the  centre  and  on  the  right"  strengthened  nerves,  brightened 
men's  eyes,  and  cjuickened  their  steps.  The  dust  rose  in  clouds  about 
them  as  they  marched.  The  men  finally  were  ordered  to  file  to  the 
left  to  a  spring.  Here  canteens  ^vere  filled  with  welcome  fresh  water. 
As  each  company  filled  its  canteens  it  was  marched  into  the  shade, 
"and  allo^vetl  to  lie  down  and  rest."^ 

As  soon  as  the  men  had  filled  their  canteens,  the  regiment  con- 
tinued its  march.  The  men  ^\ere  finally  halted  behind  a  hill  "in 
rear  of  one  of  our  batteries."  The  order  -^wis  given  to  load  and  rest. 
Many  men  fell  asleep  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  a  battle  was  raging 
about  themia/\n  officer  desa-ibed  the  scene: 

.  .  .  the  Sim  shone  brightly,  and  cannonading  became  more 
intense,  dense  clouds  of  smoke  rose  from  the  opposite  hills,  the 
earth  shook  ^\ith  the  a^\ful  thimder,  and  continued  to  wax  hotter 
and  hotter.  .  .  .  ffj 

The  men  were  eager  for  combat.  Someone  cried  out:  "Colonel 
Fisher,  -ive're  ready."  Fisher  replied:  "I  know  that.  Attention!"  The 
men  sprang  forivard  to  their  places  in  the  ranks,  shouldered  their 
muskets,  and  moved  rapidly  up  the  hill  in  front  of  them.  A  line  of 
battle  was  formed  behind  a  battery  "where  we  could  see  distinctly 
the  columns  of  smoke  rising  up  from  the  enemy's  batte-ries  on  the 
opposite  hills  ^vhile  the  balls  ^vere  whistling  around  us.'^^ut  of  the 
heat,  dust,  and  confusion  many  conflicting  reports  were  ^vritten  to 
describe  what  happened  next.  The  Union  forces  had  seized  the 
gently  roUins-^jlateau  upon  ivhich  the  Henry  and  Robinson  Houses 
are  located. Q^IcDoi\ell,  the  Union  commander,  ordered  Captain 
James  B,-Ricketts'  battery  of  six  rifled  guns,  "the  pride  of  the  Fed- 
eralists,"^^ move  fonvard  anci  take  position  in  a  field  on  the  extreme 
right  of  the  Union  line.  The  battei7  began  to  fire  at  a  Confederate 
battery  "placed  just  beyond  the  crest  of  a  hill  on  our  left.'<2*:aptain 
Charles  Griffin's  Batten'  D,  Fifth  Regiment  of  United  States  Artil 
len-,  Avas  also  ordered  fonvard  to  engage  the  Confederate  batteries. (i. 
The  t^vo  Union  batteries  were  relatively  close  together  in  a  position 
slightly  southwest  of  the  Heni7  House,  focal  point  of  the  battleC^s 
a  result  of  the  fire  of  the  two  strategically-placed  batteries  the  forward 
jx)sitions  of  the  Confederates  ^vere  greatly  harassed.  One  regiment 
of  Confederate  infanti^  broke  and  retreated  "in  much  confusion. "(^ 
If  something  ^vere  not  done  soon  the  batteries  of  Ricketts  and  Griffin 


22  The  Bloody  Sixth 

would  enfilade  the  whole  Confederate  line  which  was  placed  across 
the  southern  perimeter  of  the  Henry  House  plateau. (TJ) 

The  Sixth,  still  unaware  of  the  devastation  created  by  Union 
artillery  fire,  formed  injine  of  battle  on  the  edge  of  a  road  "on  the 
margin  of  the  woods. '®The  men  rested,  while  wounded  from  other 
commands  passed  their  position  with  reports  that  the  enemy  was  ad- 
vancing, and  that  Union  artillery  ^vas  "playing  sad  havoc  ivith  our 
soldiers. '(Shells  hissed  through  the  hot,  still  air  and  passed  tki-ough 
the  ranks  of  the  Sixth;  one  of  them  wounded  Fisher's  horse(~3lealiz- 
ing  that  his  men  couldn't  stay  where  they  were  badly  exposed  to  the 
Union  fire,  Fisher  ordered  the  regiment  to  file  to  the  left,  through 
the  "tangled  undergrowth,"  until  the  protection  of  a  little  ravine 
was  reached.  The  regiment  remained  here  concealed  by  thick  woods 
on  the  left,  with  an  "old  field"  ou/^feje  right.  Shells  from  the  Union 
batteries  exploded  over  their  heads>^he  two  flank  companies,  under 
Captains  Freeland  and  York,  were  placed  in  position  "within  forty 
yards  of  the  guns."  It  was^^served  that  a  regiment  of  Union  troops 
supported  their  batteries. ^^^'isher  realized  that  the  moment  of  de- 
cision had  arrived.  According  to  an  observer. 

Col.  Fisher  then  filed  to  the  left  around  the  corner  of  the 
woods,  and  the  following  companies  in  the  order  of  the  names — 
Capt.  Freeland's,  Capt.  York's,  Lieut.  Carter's,  Capt.  Avery's, 
Capt.  Craig's,  Lieut.  Parish's  and  Capt.  Kirkland's — came  into 
line,  faced  to  the  right  and  opened  a  fire  upon  the  enemy.   ^T) 

Because  of  the  position  of  the  Union  forces,  the  heavy  undergrowth, 
and  Fisher's  "manner  of  canning  up  the  regiment  into  action  by  the 
right  flank,"  the  three  rear  companies  were  unable  to  get  into  position 
to  fire  on  the  batteries,  although  they  were  exposed  to  a  heavy  cross- 
fire of  small  armi^iwevertheless,  the  fire  of  the  seven  companies  en- 
gaged was  made  with  terrible  effect.  In  Griffin's  battery  every  can- 
noneer was  shot  down  and  maftv  horses  were  killed,  "leaving  the 
battery  .  .  .  perfectly  hel»iess."*^^nly  three  pieces  were  able  to  be 
withdrawn  from  the  field)c3licketts'  battery,  grouped  close  to  Grif- 
fin's unit,  was  disabled  "almost  immediately."  Captain  Ricketts  was 
severely  woiuided,  while  Lieutenant  D.  Ramsey,  second  in  command, 
was  killed.  Eleven  men  were  killed,  and  fourteen  wounded.  Somany 
of  the  horses  were  killed  that  the  guns  were  left  on  the  field.  (S^ 

As  the  Sixth  advanced  in  its  brave  charge.  Union  infanti^  began 
to  fire  upon  it.  A  Michigan  unit  and  a  regiment  of  New  York  Fire 
Zouaves  fired  heavy  volleys  into  the  regiment  from  the  front.  Other 
units.  Confederate  troops,  fired  into  tlie-^Sixth  from  the  rear.  The 
situation  became  one  of  utter  confusion^2§\.s  his  men  withdrew  from 
their  first  movement  against  the  two  Union  batteries,  Fisher  found 
himself  standing  next  to  a  gun  in  one  of  the  batteries,  waving  his 


Manassas  23 

sword  in  ihe  aii\Obvioiisly  the  colonel  was  puzzled  by  the  situation. 
His  men  were  falling  bacL^in  confusion,  while  troops  were  firing 
upon  them  from  every  side@^\  mounted  Confederate  officer  came  up 
and  ordered  the  men  of  the  Sixth  to  "cease  firing."  Even  as  this  con- 
fusing order  was  given  the  Union  tPtraps  in  front  of  the  regiment 
"kept  pouring  in  a  murderous  fire.'^^aptain  Isaac  Avery  of  Com- 
pany E  immediately  ordered  a  second  charge  upon  the  batteries. 
The  regiment  again  moved  forward  and  drove  the  remaining  k^on 
cannoneers  from  their  guns  and  took  possession  of  the  battei-y&^in- 
ing  the  charge  .A.very  ^vas  wounded  in  the  leg,  but  never  left  the  field. 
Young  Lieutenant  Willie  P.  Mangum  stood  by  Major  Robert  F. 
Webb  at  a  captured  cannon.  Both  Mangum  and  Webb  were  exultant 
over  the  victoi7  of  their  regiment.  .\t  this  moment  young  Mangiuii 
fell,  badly  wounded  with  a  severe  flesh  wound  under  his  left  arm. 
Fortunately  the  musket  ball  had  struck  a  Bible  in  Mangum's  left 
coat  pocket,  diverting  its  direction  and  probably  saving  his  life,  (iw 

.\t  this  juncture  the  regiment  was  fired  into  again  by  other  Con- 
federate units,  notably  the  Fourth  .\labama  Regiment.  The  Sixth 
was  ordered  to  begin  a  slow  retreaL-Jeaving  the  batteries  unoccupied 
in  a  position  between  the  armies.  ^2^ 

About  sunset  General  Beauregard  ordered  a  general  advance  of 
the  entire  Confederate  Ai'my.  As  a  member  of  the  Sixth  exclaimed, 

.  .  .  the  enemy  .  .  .  ran  like  tiukeys,  pursued  by  our  infanti-y, 
cavalry  and  artillery  for  several  miles,  until  darkness  stopped 
them.  Our  Regiment  \\as  in  the  charge,  under  Col.  Lightfoot 
and  Major  AVebb.  (jgj 

When  darkness  came  the  Sixth  had  lost  sixteen  killed,  and  sixty-four 
wounded — a  sad  baptism  of  blood  for  the  previously-uninitiated  unit.  ( 
Among  the  officers,  Colonel  Fisher  had  been  killed.  Lieutenant  Colo- 
nel Lightfoot  ^vas  slightly  wounded  (as  was  Captain  .\vei-)') ,  Lieu- 
tenant Mangum  was  dangerously  wounded,  and  Brigadier  General 
Bee,  commander  of  the  Third  Brigade,  was  killed.  (^O) 

Archibald  Henderson,  eminent  North  Carolina  historian,  de- 
scribed the  significance  of  the  capture  of  Ricketts'  and  Griffin's  bat- 
teries bv  notinff. 

It  is  evident  that  the  capture  and  silencing  of  the  deadly 
massed  batten'  turned  the  tide  of  the  battle  and  changed  prob- 
able defeat  into  overwhelming  victory.  The  captured  battery, 
although  later  relinquished  never  fired  another  shot  that  day.    ^ 

Ex-United  States  Senator  Thomas  L.  Clinoman,  an  evewitness  to 
the  charge  of  the  Sixth,  stated. 

The  service  of  Colonel  Fisher  and  his  regiment  can  not  be 
over  estimated  on  this  occasion.  .  .  .    Neither  then,  nor  at  any 


24  The  Bloody  Sixth 

time  since,  have  I  doubted  that  this  movement  saved  the  day  to 
the  Confederacy.  If  the  gallant  and  noble  Fisher,  by  this  dash, 
lost  his  life,  who  did  more  during  the  long  and  arduous  Struggle?  ^ 

After  their  return  from  the  action  at  the  Union  batteries,  the  Sixth 
was  ordered  to  support  the  Confederate  flank  movement  which  drove 
the  Union  forces  from  the  field.  The  men  slept  on  the  field  on  the 
night  of  the  21st,  ^\ith  what  memories  no  one  can  ever  tell.^il) 

An  officer  of  the  Sixth  went  over  the  field  shortly  after  the  battle 
ended.    His  description  is  very  vivid: 

...    it    was    indeed    a    sickening,    heart-rending    sight.    The 
enemy   lay  piled  up   in  heaps,   and  horses   strewii  all   along.    1 

coiuited  forty  horses  in  a  distance  of  fifty  yards \11  over 

the  battle-field  were  strewed  the  dead  and  dying.  Some  had 
placed  their  arms  under  their  heads  as  they  went  to  their  last 
sleep.  Others  folded  their  arms  across  their  breasts,  some  with 
features  distorted  and  fists  clenched  as  they  wrestled  in  the 
agonies  of  death;  others  wore  the  calm,  placid  smile  which  should 
grace  the  face  of  a  soldier  dying  in  a  glorious  cause.  In  the  little 
clump  of  cedars,  the  wounded  had  crawled  and  died,  and  lay 
there  in  ghastly  heaps.  ^) 

Shortly  after  the  Sixth  had  taken  Ricketts'  battery,  Colonel  Wil- 
liam Smith  stimibled  across  the  body  of  Fishei^^E^ater,  other  Con- 
federates, hurrying  to  the  battlefield  from  Manassas  Jiuiction,  passed 
a  lone  rider  on  horseback  carrying  Fisher's  body,  "cold  and  stiff  in 
death."  The  colonel's  remains  w^re  carried  in  front  of  the  saddle 
in  the  direction  of  the  jinrctionVSCaptain  York  of  Company  I,  Sixth 
Regiment,  sent  a  telegram  to  Governor  Clark  on  the  22nd: 

Col.  Chas.  F.  Fisher  was  killgd  in  battle  today.  Send  notice 
to  family.  His  body  on  the  way.^ 

The  body  reached  Raleigh  on  the  morning  of  July  2-1  on  the  mail 
train  from  PetersburgCi?An  escort  of  the  Twelfth  Regiment  North 
CarolinaTroops  under  Colonel  James  J.  Pettigrew  accompanied  the 
remainssSrisher's  death  created  a  deep  impression  on  the  minds  of 
the  people  of  North  Carolina.  When  the  train  caiTying  the  body 
reached  Raleigh,  crowds  filed  into  the  car  which  contained  Fisher's 
coffin,  on  top  of  which  were  "placed  the  sword  and  hat  of  the  deceased 
patriot."  People  saw  that  there  were  two  bullet  holes  in  the  hat, 
revealing  the  fact  that  the  fatal  bullet  had  passed  entirely  through 
Fisher's  head(2St"he  train  carrying  the  body  was  draped  in  moupfting, 
while  the  flag  on  the  State  Capitol  was  lowered  to  halt-mast.'«-^he 
Raleigh  Register  exclaimed: 


Manassas  25 

A  braver  man  than  Colonel  Fisher  never  lived.  He  caiTied 
his  life  in  his  hand  for  the  service  of  his  country,  and  at  the  hour 
of  need  freely  offered  it  upon  its  altar.  (Q) 

On  the  afternoon  of  July  24  Fisher's  body  arrived  at  Salisbury,  his 
home  town.  Almost  the  entire  population  of  the  town  was  at  the 
station  to  meet  the  remains  which  were  escorted  by  "Capt.  Cole's 
Coni]3any  of  Guilford  men."  Eight  pallbearers  bore  the  coffin 
through  the  streets  to  the  Episcopal  Church  followed  by  a  "very 
long  procession  of  citizens.  .  .  ."  The  funeral  services  were  very 
solemn.  The  Salisbury  Brass  Band  played  for  the  occasion  with 
'measured  miisk."  It  was  evening  when  Fisher's  body  was  lowered 
into  the  gra\e.'t^ccording  to  the  Salisbiny  Carolina  Watchman. 

The  exercises  there  were  deeply  solemn,  though  brief.  It 
was  indeed  a  touching  moment.  Afanly  bosoms  heaved  with 
emotion  .  .  .  soon  the  moimd  of  yellow  clay  rose  to  mark  the 
resting  place  of  an  intreped  patriot  of  the  revolution  of  1861.  .  .  . 
He  is  gone.  Peace  to  his  ashes,  and  forever  green  be  the  laurels 
of  his  memoi^.  \^ 


As  the  thunderous  crashes  of  tlie  militai-)'  salute  echoed  in  the  evening 
stillness  all  Salisbury  wept.  \^^ 

Manv  tributes  ^vere  paid  to  Fisher.  The  officers  of  the  Sixth  Regi- 
ment, meeting  on  August  21  at  Camp  Jones,  near  Manassas,  eulo- 
gized their  dead  commander: 

.  .  .  A\-e  ha^'e  lost  a  commander  at  once  bold,  fearless  and 
prudent — a  friend  just,  kind  and  generous  ...  he  was  ever 
anxious  to  add  to  the  comforts  and  happiness  of  his  men.   .  .   .^6) 

On  August  26  a  meeting  was  held  in  Charlotte  to  pay  tribute 
to  the  fallen  colonel.  Resolutions  were  passed  offering  public  con 
dolences  to  "the  family  and  numerous  friends  and  relatives.  .  .  ■" (S^ 
Other  tributes  came  from  Theodore  S.  Garnett,  a  relative  of  the  late 
General  Robert  S.  Garnett,  in  Hanover  Junction,  Virginia  and  Oscar 
W.  Blacknall,  an  officer  in  the  Twenty-third  North  Carolina  Regiment 
at  Manassas.  Garnett  wanted  to  raise  a  regiment  of  volunteers  "to 
avenge  the  death   of  Gen.   Robei;4^S.   Garnett   and   Col.   Charles   F. 


Fisher.  All  to  serve  Avithout  pay."l<&ilacknall  expressed  a  feeling  held 
by  many  North  Carolinians:  "North  Carolina  ^vill  cherish  with  pe- 
cidiar  pride  the  name  and  the  memon'  of  Charles  F.  Fisher.  ..."  I 
The  regiment  lost  another  important  officer  at  First  Manassas. 
He  A\as  Lieiuenant  ^V^illie  Person  Mangum,  ex-Senator  Mangum's 
only  son.  Ymnig  Mangum  had  suffered  a  severe  flesh  wound  in  the 
left    breast.(&fce    ^\as    carefully    removed    from    the    battlefield    to    a 


26  The  Bloody  Sixth 

...  M 

military  hospital  at  Louisa  Court  House,  "a  little  nearer  horae.'^"he 
young  officer  wrote  to  his  sister,  Martha,  to  reassure  her  on  July  25: 

...  I  have  been  well  attended  to  and  am  much  better.  I 
saw  Col.  Leach  (a  family  friend)  at  Manassas  and  he  sent  his 
surgeon  to  dress  the  wound.  He  said  I  could  stay  in  his  tent 
and  be  well  cared  for.  .  .  .  (fei) 

For  a  time  it  looked  as  if  young  Mangum  would  recover.^iowever, 
on  July  30  he  took  a  turn  foi>4lie  worse  and  died,  reciting  scriptures 
from  the  Bible  to  the  end.'^SHclolphus  W.^Iangum,  a  Methodist 
preacher  and  cousin  to  Lieutenant  Mangum>=^vas  with  him  when  he 
died.   He  wrote  to  Mangiun's  family: 

.  .  .  You  have  the  assurance  that  he  acted  nobly, — he  was  a 
true  hero  and  patriot — he  proved  it  in  that  bloody  field — he  told 
me  that  though  he  did  not  shoot,  he  rallied  his  men,  taught  them 
how  to  load,  etc.  He  remarked  that  if  ever  he  entered  another 
field  he  would  take  a  musket.  (^ 

A  note  of  dissension  entered  the  letter  with  the  words  that  young 
Mangum  "criticized  Col.  Fisher's  coinse  on  that  day.  .  .  ■" ^ 

Manfiwm's  remains  reached  Petersburg,  en  route  to  Raleigh,  on 
July  SIvSsPaul  C.  Cameron,  a  friend  of  the  Mangxun  family,  made 
arrangements  for  the  body  to  be  brought  to  Hillsboro  from-Raleigh, 
and  be  met  by  "the  Toivn  Herse"  at  the  Hillsboro  Statioife<]ameron 
sent  a  servant  to  notify  "you  striken  parents  of  the  painful  intelligence 
of  the  death  of  their  only  son.  .  .  .'^2q"he  feeling  of  Mangum's  inany 
friends  was  expressed  by  Cameion: 

The  sympathy  of  friends  in  a  time  like  this  can  do  but  little 
to  sustain  you  all  in  your  affliction — I  can  only  tell  you  that  I 
do  sorrow  with  you  all  most  sincerely — and  deeply  deplore  the 
death  of  your  brother.  .  .  .  @ 

Mangum's  body  arrived  at  Raleigh  on  the  morning  of  Augaist  1. 
An  escort  of  citizens  of  Hillsboro  was  there  to  receive  it.  The 
mail  train  carrying  the  body  anived  at  Hillsboro  late  that  afternoon. 
Many  of  the  citizens  of  the  town  were  at  the  station  to  receive  the 
body.  Forming  a  funeral  procession,  they  escorted  the  coffin  through 
the  streets  in  an  occasion  "solemnized  by  the  tolling  of  the  bells  of 
all  the  churches  and  the  Coiut  House.  .  .  .'^QJThe  town  Am:  was  dis- 
played at  half-mast  in  token  of  respect  for  the  deceasedGSThe  body 
was  carried  to  the  Mangiun-Jiome  near  Red  Mountain  by  some  young 
"gentlemen"  of  Hillsboro!2iHere  young  Mangum  was  buried  in  his 
family's  hilltop  cemetery  behind  his  father's  home.  @ 

The  Flat  River  Guards,  Company  A,  Sixth  Regiment,  met  on 
July  31  at  Camp  Bee  near  Manassas  to  express  their  esteem  of 
Mangum   and   their  sorrow   over  his   death.CjyThe   meeting  resolved 


Manassas  27 

"That  the  loss  of  so  noble  and  estimable  a  gentleman  is  keenly  felt 
and  sincerely  regretted  by  us  all,  for  his  generous  bearin^and  noble 
conduct  has  endeared  him  to  each  and  every  one  of  us.'^2^esolutions 
were  passed  sympathizing  with  young  Mangum's  family,  and  re- 
solving that  the  company  should  go  to  the  spot  where  Mangum 
received  his  wounds,  and  fire  a  military  salute.  It  was  agreed  that  the 
company  should  wear  a  badge  of  mourning  for  thirty  days  in  memory 
of  Mangum.  @ 

On  the  day  after  the  battle  of  Manassas  the  sky  ^vas  dark  and  for- 
bidding. Rain  had  fallen  in  torrents  throughout  the  night  "and  na- 
ture seemed  sad  and  mournful. '^^he  countryside  about  the  battle- 
field -(vas  covered  with  troops,  many  looking  for  lost  friends,  some 
looking  for  their  regiments,  ivhile  others  were  conveying  dead  and 
wounded  from  the  battlefield.  The  ground  was  littered  with  dead 
and  wounded  men,  dead  horses,  wagons,  tents,  baggage  "all  mixed 
in  the  most  inextricable  confusion. '(|/£verything  was  lying  about  in 
the  mud  and  incessant  rain  without  any  protection.  (S^ 

The  Sixth  Regiment  remained  on  the  battlefield  until  July  24 
when  it  -was  marched  to  Camp  Bee,  named  in  honor  of  General 
Bernard  E.  Bee,  near  Manassas  Junction^\Vhile  the  men  were  sta- 
tioned here  great  anxiety  was  shown  among  their  kinfolk  in  North 
Carolina  concerning  their  losses  in  the  battle.  Friends  and  relatives 
of  the  troops  wrote  phrases  such  as,  "With  the  intelligence  of  our 
great  xieipry — comes  .  .  .  the  rumor  that  our  Company  is  ciU  to 
pieces.' vyThe  knowledge  that  sickness  was  present   in-,  the  regiment 


did  not  help  alleviate  fears  for  the  safety  of  the  men(£-An  immediate 
appeal  was  made  for  medicines  to  help  the^ck.  Blackberry  wine 
and  cholera  medicines  were  especially  needecr^^.  Mebanesville  physi- 
cian, anxious  for  the  safety  of  his  three  brothers  on  duty  with  the 
regiment,  offered  Governor  Clark  his  services  free  of  charge,  pro- 
vided he  could  get  "a  free  pass"  to  Manassas'^ome  efforts  were  made 
to  reassine  the  "home  folk"  of  the  condition  of  the  regiment.  Captain 
William  J.  Freeland  of  Company  C  wrote  his  wife: 

1  am  yet  alive  and  well.  ...  Be  of  good  cheer,  dear  Julia, 
for  I  hope  the  last  great  battle  is  fought  and  won.@ 

Others  assured  the  public  that  the  regiment  had  ^von  a  name  for 
itself  by  captiuing  "Sherman's  famous  Batten. '(SOne  of  the  privates 
in  the  regiment  summed  tip  the  feelings  of  his  comrades: 

...  I  am  ^\•ell  at  this  time  an  hope  these  few  lines  may  find 
you  all  in  the  same  state  of  helth.  ...  I  would  be  glad  to  com 
horn  to  see  the  girles  and  tell  them  ho-(\-  good  I  love  them.  .  .  .  Q^ 

The  men  had  come  through  their  first  battle.    Althotigh  the  gal- 
lant Fisher  was  dead,  destinv  beckoned  for  those  who  survived. 


IV 


A  New^  Colonel  Takes  Command 


"/  have  the  honor  to  state  that  I  readied  here  last  evening  and 
have  assumed  command  of  the  Regt." 


William  D.  Pender  to  Henry  T.  Clark.  August  27,   1861. 


On  August  3,  1861,  the  Sixth  Regiment  A\as  marched  to  Camp  , 
Jones  at  Bristoe  Station,  a  distance  of  eight  miles  from  Manassas.^ 
Here  the  men  settled  do^vn  to  the  usual  routine  of  Confederate 
soldiers  stationed  in  a  permanent  camp.  At  daylight  they  rose  to  the 
sound  of  a  drimi.  This  was  follo^ved  by  a  period  of  drill  for  an  hour 
or  two,  part  of  it  in  double-time.  After  breakfast  and  more  drill  the 
officers  went  to  "recitation"  and  studied  "15  or  20"  pages  in  Hardee's 
Tactics.  Dinner  and  more  drill  occu])ied  the  rest  of  the  day.  There 
was  no  time  to  be  idle  in  camp.@ 

While  the  regiment  was  stationed  at  Camp  Jones  during  August, 
1861,  it  was  faced  with  the  necessity  of  getting  a  new  commander  to 
replace  the  lamented  Fisher.  William  T.  Dortch,  the  regiment's 
ex-lieiuenant  colonel,  ^vrote  to  the  Military  Board  on  August  2 
concerning  the  promotion  of  Captain  Richard  W.  York  of  Company 
I  to  the  rank  of  Major,  "Presuming  that  Lt.  Col.  Lightfoot  will  be 
appointed  Colonel  &  Major  Webb,  Lt.  Col.  of  the  6th  Regiment  of 
State  Troops.  .  .  ."(3/The  officers  of  the  regiment  suggested  that  Light- 
foot  was  not  too  popular  by  recommending  some  choices  of  their 
own — David  Coleman,  Esquire,  from  Buncombe  County,  "a  thorough 
militar\>-.ofiicer,"  and  Major  Pride  Jones  of  Hillsboro  in  Orange 
CountNvidt  ^\-as  felt  that  a  native  North  Carolinian  woidd  have  more 
concern  for  the  men  because  they  were  "far  removed  from  home, 
exposed,  under  the  most  unfavorable  circumstances,  necessarily  to 
many  hardships  &  privations.  .  .  .'\Srhe  officers  were  careful  to  say  that 
they  didn't  wish  to  dictate  to  the  governor,  nor  did  they  wish  to 
"reflect  upon  anyone. "»2rhis  petition  was  signed  by  evei^  company 
commander  in  the  regiment  except  Lieutenants  Tinner,  Carter,  and 
Walker  ivho  \\'ere  "absent  on  furlough. "(t) 

28 


A  New  Colonel  Takes  Co^r^rAND  29 

Clark  solved  the  problem  for  the  regiment  on  August  15  ^vhen 
he  ordered  Colonel  William  Dorsey  Pender  of  the  Third  North 
Carolina  Volunteer  Infantry  to  assiune  command  of  the  Sixth.  The 
,i[)pointment  ^\-as  made  "at   the   unanimous   request   of  the  officers. "(^ 

Pender,  born  on  February  6,  1834,  in  Edgecombe  County,  North 
Carolina,  was  the  son  of  James  and  Sarah  Routh  Pender.  He  -svas  a 
descendant  of  Edwin  Pender  of  Virginia  who  came  to  the  colonies 
in  the  reign  of  Charles  II.  After  receiving  his  primary  education  in 
the  "common  schools"  of  Edgecombe  County  and  clerking  in  his 
brother's  store,  Pender  was  appointed  a  cadet  to  the  United  States 
Military  Academy  at  West  Point.  He  graduated  in  1854  A\'ith  a 
standing  of  nineteen  in  a  class  of  forty-six.  He  was  commissioned 
brevet  second  lieiuenant  in  the  First  Artillery,  and  was  promoted  to 
full  second  lieutenant  in  the  Second  Artillery  in  the  same  year.  In  1855 
Pender  ^\as  transfened  to  the  First  Dragoons.  He  attained  his  first 
lieutenancy  in  that  regiment  in  1858.  In  the  period  1856-1860  he  saw 
much  acti\e  service,  mostly  Indian  fighting,  on  the  New  Mexico, 
Oregon,  'Washington,  and  California  frontiers.® 

Pender  was  a  handsome  man,  oli\e  complexioned,  and  slightly 
below  medium  height.  He  ivore  a  thick  dark  beard  which  made  him 
look  older  than  he  actually  was.  Always  honorable  and  faithful  to 
the  Confederacy,  Pender  had  hoped  that  war  could  be  averted,  but 
when  he  saw  that  it  could  not,  he  did  not  hesitate  to  join  with  his 
native  state  in  a  common  cause. 

On   March   3,   1859,   Pender  married   Mai7  Frances,   daughter  of 
ex-Congressman    Augustine    H.    Shepperd    of    near    ^Vinston-Salem, 
North  Carolina.  The  couple  had  three  sons:   Samuel  Turner;   Wil- 
liam   D.;    and    Stephen    Lee.     He    was    made    adjutant    of    the    First    / 
Dragoons   in    1860,   but  returned   to  the   East  on  recruiting  duty   in    ' 
1861. 

When  Pender  threw  in  his  lot  with  the  South  in  the  spring  of 
I86I,  he  was  given  a  commission  as  captain  of  artillery  in  the  Pro- 
visional Army  of  the  Confederate  States,  and  sent  to  Baltimore  on 
recruiting  duty.  He  returned  to  North  Carolina  in  May,  I86I,  and 
was  assigned  by  Governor  Ellis  as  an  instructor  of  volunteers  at 
Camp  Mangum  near  Raleigh,  and  later,  of  troops  bfing  drilled  at 
Garysburg,  on  the  Petersburg  and  ^Veldon  Railroad.l^He  was  elected 
Colonel  of  the  Third  North  Carolina  Volunteers  on  May  15,  1861, 
and  soon  made  many  friends.'^N'hen  he  was  notified  of  his  appoint- 
ment  to   conmiand   the   Sixth   he   ^vrote, 

I  ha\e  not  made  up  my  mind  as  to  what  I  shall  do  about 
Fisher's  Regt.  but  expect  to  remain  where  I  am.  I  should  like 
\erv  much  to  go  up  ^vhere  it  is,  but  dislike  to  leave  the  3rd.    ((2) 

On   Auoust    26    Pender   arrived   at   his   ne^\'    command.    His    anival 

CD 

was  received  with  much  enthusiasm  by  the  men,  possibly  because  of 


30  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Lieutenant  Colonel  Lightl'oot's  evident  unpopularity  with  the  regi- 


ment>^ender  found  the  regiment's  camp  "in  excellent  order."  In- 
deed, General  William  H.  C.  Whiting,  new  commander  of  the  Third  ^- 
Brigade^^ated  the  Sixth's  camp  as  "the  best  camp  in  liis  Brigade." <& 
There  was  still  sickness  among  the  men;  only  284  privates  were  fit 
for  duty,  a  number  less  than  half  of  the  men  in  the  regiment.  Many 
were  ^vithout  shoes,  even  at  this  early  stage  of  the  wai'V^Vhen  lie  saw 
his  men  drilling  barefooted  Pender  promptly  ordered  seven  hospital 
tents  forwarded  from  Norfolk,  "as  there  is  but  one  tent  for  the  sick 
in  the  Regt."  This  wotild  alleviate  conditions  among  the  sick,  espe- 
cially since  most  of  the  men  had  to  lie  in  company  tents  "which 
leak  badly. '((prhe  young  colonel  appealed  to  Governor  Clark  to  send 
provisions  and  ecjuipment  to  the  regiment,  especially  shoes: 

Could  you  not  sir  come  to  our  assistance  and  send  us  some. 
Every  one  says  the  Regt.  has  suffered  terribly  &  rendered  the 
most  efficient  service.  Gen.  Whiting  does  not  hesitate  to  say  that 
it  is  the  best  of  the  five  Regts.  in  his  Brigade. (Tj) 

Pender  was  not  afraid  to  ask  a  personal  favor  of  the  governor:  Wotdd 
Governor  Clark  please  appoint  "my  brother-in-law  Jacob  Shepperd"^— 
to  a  second  lieutenancy  in  Company  G,  Captain  Craige's  company?^ 

To  his  wife,  Pender  could  unburden  the  innermost  secrets  of  his 
heart.  He  was  determined  to  do  his  best  for  his  men,  even  though  ^^ 
he  feared  "we  shall  (have)  great  many  deaths  before  we  get  through. "g 
It  was  a  sad  regiment  that  Pender  came  to  command — possibly  the 
situation  was  made  even  worse  by  the  fact  that  this  was  the  yoiuig 
commander's  first  experience  with  a  command  fresh  from  the  horrors 
of  a  Civil  War  battle.  Even  so,  there  ^\as  time  for  pleasantries  of  a 
sort: 

I  had  the  honor  of  taking  tea  with  Gen.  Johnston  last-night."^ 
Mrs.   Johnston   is  Avith   him,   and   charming   lady   she   is.    Tliey 
recolected  me  from  Leavenworth,  and  treated   me  very  kindly. 
Old  officers  have  an  enonnous  advantage.  What  I  have  seen  of 
Whiting  1  like  very  much.(a|; 

It  must  have  satklened  Pender  to  see  Lightfoot's  wife  in  camp  with 
Irer  two  childrenv*There  was  a  war  to  be  fought,  a  war  which  left 
little  time  for  women  or  children. 

The  Sixth  was  faced  with  many  troubles  throughout  the  month 
of  August,  1861.  While  no  battle  was  fought,  there  were  many  false 
alarms.  On  the  26th  of  July  heavy  cannonading  was  heard  in  the 
direction  of  Acquia  Creek,  too  "far  for  us  to  have  any  hand  in  the 
engagement  if  there  was  an  engagement. "^^ 

The  fact  that  the  ^•alieus  Confederate  regiments  were  camped 
separate  from  one  another^id  not  alleviate  the  problem  of  sickness. 


A  New  Colonel  Takes  Command  31 

The  situation  became  so  serious  that  Charles  E.  IWinson,  North 
Carohna  Surgeon  General,  became  deeply  concerned.^He  urged  that 
more  surgeons  be  added  to  the  regiments,  ^o  be  paid  by  the  state," 
as  U\o  surgeons  were  not  deemed  sufficient^ t  is  knoivn  that  typhoid 
fever  accounted  for  at  leaM  some  of  the  deaths,  although  some  suf- 
fered from  battle  \\'OundsK3t  is  certain  that  lack  of  adequate  clothing 
was  a  cause  of  much  suffering  among  the  men.  The  situation  de- 
teriorated to  the  point  where  the  ladies  of  HillsbOTO  were  asked 
to  knit  the  men  "a  supply  of  substantial  stockings."@rhe  fact  that 
the  men  had  not  been  paid  only  compounded  their  difficulties.  Many 
of  them  were  "poor  men  witly-dependent  families."  They  needed 
money  to  keep  up  their  morale.^^dolphus  W.  Mangum  of  Salisbury 
■\\rote  Governor  Clark  on  August   19: 

If  they  are  neglected  thus  (not  being  paid) ,  they  -ivill  become 
disheartened  and  will  not  feel  like  fighting  and  suffering  for  the 
careless  and  ungrateful.  .  .  .  I'm  sure  your  good  judgement  will 
agree  that  if  men  are  expected  to  suffer  &  fight  they  must  be 
kept  in  fighting  plight  &  fighting  spirits.  (Si 

Mangum  emphasized,  "They  cannot  be  kept  so  unless  they  are  paid." 
The  hardships  met  \\ith  in  August  c^sed  men  to  ivish  for  "\\ater 
milions"  and  "cidar"  and  "whiskey.'^Homesickness  haunted  many 
of  the  men,  although  some  of  them  hoped  l^at  their  loved  ones  ^^•ould 
come  from  North  Carolina  to  visit  them.^23rhis  feeling  was  not  con- 
fined to  enlisted  nien.  Pender  Avanted  eatables  from  home,  as  ivell  as 
visits  from  friends^The  eternal  soldier's  lament  for  forgotten  articles 
of  clothing  is  reflected  in  Pender's  statement  that, 

On  looking  over  my  trimk  I  find  that  I  left  all  my  handker- 
chiefs &  most  of  my  drawers  &  some  socks  &:  shirts  at  Camp 
Ruffin.  ^?) 

^Vhile  the  regiment  ^vas  haunted  by  sickness  and  official  neglect, 
Captain  Samuel  McDoAvell  Tate  ^vas  faced  with  the  unpleasant  task 
of  settling  the  accounts  of  the  deceased  Colonel  Fisher.  These  ac- 
counts were  made  by  Fisher  in  supplying  the  regiment  during  the 
preceding  spring,  and  were  left  vmsettled  at  his  death.  Bills  for  meat 
(steaks,  shanks,  roasts,  beef,  etc.)V^arious  kinds  ot,uniform  material, ' 
and  other  supplies'^ere  settled  by  Fisher's  estateCpR.  A.  Caldwell  of 
Salisbury,  a  friend  of  Fisher,  asked  if  the  dead  officer  owed  any 
notes  or  bonds  in  two  of  the  leading  banks  of  cefttial  North  Carolina. 
Fortunately,  the  replies  were  in  the  negati\e.'*5ln  at  least  tAvo  in- 
stances the  Confederate  government  assiuned  the  obligation  of  pay- 
ing debts  incurred  by  Fisher  in  equipping  the  regiment.  One  of  these 
involved  unifonn  coats,  pants,  capes^shirts,  blankets,  and  "66  pair 
of  shoes"  costing  a  total  of  S960.90.Gahe  other  case  involved  "fifty- 


© 


32  The  Bloody  Sixth 

two  pair  of  shoes"  costing  $88.605-T^n  both  cases  the  problem  of  re- 
payment was  solved  by  putting  the  supplies  on  the  regiment's  Aiigust 
payrolls  and  charging   them  to  the  Confederate  government,  ft^ 

The  regiment  waited,  in  the  closing  days  of  August,  for  a  possible 
movement  to  a  secret  destination. ttS'Althongh  there  were  803^ien 
and  officers  on  the  regimental  morning  ix{)ort  for  August  31,CJynly 
"three  hundred  men"  were  fit  for  duty^sfhis  number  increased  as 
the  weather  improved  about  September  loS'ender  wrote  his  wife: 

...  I  long  for  the  3rd.  (regiment)  .  Between  us  there  is  not 
such  a  Reg! — in  the  service.  This  does  not  compare  with  it:  & 
I  fear  never  will.  But  still  I  can  brins,  it^^tit  a  oreat  deal,  and 
have  already  done  something  towards  it.  '.^S) 

One  of  the  things  Pender  did  for  his  men  was  to  write  an  appeal  to 
the  "ladies  of  N.  C."  to  prepare  socks  and  tinder^vear  for  theml^=^his 
was  promptly  done  by  numerous  women  in  piedmont  North  Caro- 
lina. Captain  Craige's  company  received  ninety  pairs  of  socks  and  four 
blankets  fimn  "the  ladies  of  Franklin  Church  and  vicinity"  (near 
Salisbury)  .©'These  welcome  items  were  received  at  the  end  of  Sep- 
tember, "and  you  may  be  sure  much  appreciated  by  all.'^^n  appeal 
was  made  to  the  ladies  of  Hillsboro  for  articles  of  clothing  and 
other  "comforts"  for  the  sick  in  the  regiment.  When  these  articles 
were  sent  John  A.  McMannen  of  Hillsboro  wrote, 

.  .  .  the  remembrance  of  which  (the  articles  sent)  will  be 
ever  fresh  and  green  in  their  minds,  and  will  be  treasured  up  in 
their  hearts  as  long  as  life  lasts.  (^ 

McMannen  urged  that  future  shipments  of  goods  shotdd  be  sent  in 
strong  boxes,  "hooped  and  nailed  at  the  ends."  No  cooked  meats 
were  to  be  sent;  but  bread,  cake,  potatoes,  onions,  beets,  dry  beef, 
ham,  pickles,  preserves,  wines,  and  cordials  were  in  great  demand. 
Clothing  "of  all  kinds"  was  badly  needed  along  ^th  light  cotton 
comforts  which  "will  answer  for  bed  and  blanket. 'vS^Ioney  was  also 
sent,  especially  for  special  groups  of  particularly  destitute  soldiers. 
Citizens  of  Hillsboro  collected  580.00  for  destitute  Irish  families 
of  men  in  Captain  James  W.  Wilson's  Rowan  Company  F.sMr  sending 
the  money  a  friend  of  the  donors  explained. 

By  this  act  of  liberality  they  mean  no  reflection  upon  your 
portion  of  the  State,  but  as  an  expression  of  their  willingness 
to  assist  those  who  have  shown  their  loyalty  by  battling  for  oiu" 
rights  and  liberties,  no  niatter  who  they  are,  or  from  what 
countn'  they  ha\e  come.  ^7) 

All  these  shortages  and  worries  tended  to  make  the  men  sad 
and  despondent.    Morale  was  low,  probably  because  of  the  number 


A  Ne^v  Colonel  Takes  Command  33 

of  deaths  from  disease.  Pender  reported  "six  in  the  last  week  8:  sev- 
eral more  will  die.v^Food  was  also  very  scarce  at  Camp  Jones.  There 
was  a  great  shortage  of  such  commodities  as  butter,  preserves,  pickles, 
lard,  and  hams.  Candles,  tea,  coffee,  sugar,  and  matches  were  more 
plenti[ul.t^\mong  those  who  suffered  were  the  "poor  helpless  ne- 
groes" belonging  to  some  of  the  officers  and  men.  Some  of  these 
servants  were,  according  to  Pender,  "allowed  to  die  ^vithout  any 
care  on  the  part  of  those  who  are  responsible  for  their  well  being." 
The  regiment  had  lo^t-^t-ivo  Negro  servants  recently,  and  possibly  a 
third  \\ould  soon  die.^^^he  nights  were^extremely  cold,  Pender  had 


four  blankets  "&  sleep  cold  every  night. "'-^e  summed  up  his  feelings 
about  his  regiment  in  terse  language: 

.  .  .  This  betiveen  us  is  not  the  Regt  that  I  had  before.  The 
men  are  not  as  good  a  class  &  the  officers  are  nothing  like  as 
intelligent.  This  is  strictly  confidential.  And  the  morale  of  the 
Regt.  is  bad.  ...  I  find  it  hard  to  keep  up  my  spirits  with  so 
much  sickness  &  so  many  deaths.  ...  I  read  the  burial  service 
over  a  man  yesterday  &:  to  save  me  I  could  not  help  crying.  .  .  . 
We  have  not  moved  yet  8;  according  to  all  appearances  no  more 
likely  to  move  than  a  week  ago.  Our  troops  are  so  badly  cripled 
by  sickness  that  I  do  not  see  how  we  could  well    (move)  ....   (Q) 

In  spite  of  this  statement  Pender  did  feel  thathis  presence  was  prov- 
ing "beneficial"  to  both  the  officers  and  men.  (^ 

The  young  colonel  coidd  not  solve  one  persistent  problem  which 
remained  ^vith  his  men  as  siunmer  turned  into  early  fall.  This  was 
the  lack  of  pay.  Some  of  the  men  hadn't  even  received  their  bounty 
money  "which  should  have  been  promptly  paid  at  their  enlistment." 
The  hardship  was  made  more  serious  by  the  fact  that  many  of  the 
regiments  camped  aroimd  the  Sixth  had  recei\ed  their  pay  "two  or 
three  weeks  ago."  It  seemed  to  many  of  the  men  that  they  had  been 
slighted.  Hadn't  they  done  their  fidl  duty?  Hadn't  they  taken  Rick- 
ett's  and  Griffin's  batteries  at  Manassas,  opening  the  way  for  a  Con- 
federate victory?  Many  of  their  families  were  already  suffering  from 
need  of  mone\'."  Committees,  appointed  by  state  authority  to  pro- 
\  ide  for  soldiers'  families,  hadn't  done  their  duty.  Several  families, 
'whose  children  no\\'  \\ant  bread,"  hadn't  e\en  been  visited(2&t  was 
hard  for  the  men  to  understand  these  things,  harder  still  for  them  to 
remain  where  they  were  withoiu  doing  something  about  this  un- 
bearable situation.  W.  H.  Alexander,  assistant  commissary  sergeant 
to  the  regiment,  had  feelings  in  this  matter  which  were  fairly  typical. 
He  wrote  directly  to  Governor  Clark  in  early  September: 

I  have  been  in  service  of  the  ^\-ar  since  the  23rd  day  of  April 
by  appointment  first  of  Col.  Fisher,  next  by  the  autlimities  at 
Raleigh,  and  lastly  by  a  commission  of  L.  P.  Walker.lSSi  left  a 


34  The  Bloody  Sixth 

family  of  children  who  recjuired  nearly  all  the  money  I  had  to 
subsist  upon  until  I  returned  &  being  here  and  having  to  feed 
myself  at  very  exorbitant  prices  I  feel  discouraged  that  I  cannot 
receive  some  money.  Must  I  resign  8:  go  home  for  a  support  or 
is  it  likely  that  the  paymaster  will  soon  make  his  appearance. 
There  are  500  or  more  in  this  glorious  Regt.  who  have  not  a 
cent  of  money:  I  loaned  and  borrowed  until  the  thing  is  out.  @ 

Alexander  saw  and  felt  the  lack  of  money.  He  ^vondered  "who  pays" 
and  when.  Woidd  he  be  paid  for  his  six-weeks  service  prior  to  the 
date  of  "my  first  commission  for  service  rendered"?  These  were  things 
which  came  close-to  the  men:  conditions  which  they  hoped  would  be 
soon  alleviated.'eft'Alexander  ended  his  letter  on  a  note  of  sadness: 
"Our  men  continue  to  die  daily."  @ 

Pender  was  anxious  to  complete  the  organization  of  his  regi- 
mental staff  ^s'hile  the  regiment  was  still  encamped  in  the  vicinity  ot 
Manassas.  On  September  4  he  w-rote  Governor  Clark  requesting 
that  a  chaplain  be  sent  to  join  the  regimenr3P.  A.  HolL  had  been 
transferred  to  the  regiment  on  August  6  as  surgeon>2^athaniel 
Scales,  the  regimental  quartermaster,  had  a  high  reputation  in 
Pender's  eyes.  He  was  "very  highly  spoken  of.  I  like  him  very  well.'tj 
Gradually  the  staff  was  "shaping  up,"  even  though  Lieutenant  Colonel 
Lightfoot  was  proving  himself  pompous  and  unlikeable.  Pender 
felt  that  "I  shall  be  annoyed  by  him."(23n  spite  of  this  annoyance, 
Pender  felt  that  life  was  continuing  on  an  even  balance  for  him.  He 
wrote  his  wife  that  she  needn't  worry  about  him.  There  was  no 
danger  that  he  would  soon  fall  in  battle  "for  the  chances  as  I  wrote 
you  before,  are  that  we  ^vill  be  in  reserve. "^^ 


Camp  Fisher 


"]]'e  have  fust  moi<ed  over  to  our  new  Quarters.  .  .  .   Suine  of  our 
houses  are  very  fine  and  tastey.  .  .  ." 

Robert  F.  Webb  to  Lucv  Mancum.  December  31.   Irfiil. 


For  some  time  it  had  become  evident  that^he  regiment  ^\"otild 
be  moved  to  the  area  along  the  Potomac  RiverW^Ithough  this  didn't 
please  Colonel  Pender  since  it  would  take  the  regiment  out  of  the 
field  of  active  operationsM;here  was  good  reason  for  it.  A  defensi\e 
work  on  the  Potomac  at  E\ansport  and  near  Dumfries  ^\as  under 
construction  in  early  September.  General  Whiting  was  ordered  to  go 
there  and  direct  the  "mounting  of  the  guns."  He  was  also  directed 
to  detemiine  how  many  men  woidd  be  needed  to  defend  the  position 
"S;  the  time  they  should  be  expected  to  hold  out.'*«1„Inion  forces  had 
been  moving  in  a  threatening  manner  in  the  direction  of  the  Occo- 
quan  River,  some  tAventy-five  miles  below  Washington.  There  was 
also  some  reason  to  suspect  that  a  Union  force  might  land  in  the 
vicinity  of  Dumfries  and  thus  flank  the  Confederate  position  at 
Manassas.  It  woiUd  be  necessary  for  the  Confederates  "to  take  a  po- 
sition some  where  in  the  vicinity  of  Bacon  Race  Chinch"  below  the 
Occoquan  to  intercept  such  a  movement.  The  right  flank  of  the 
Confederate  line,  based  at  ^^^<3lf  Run  Shoals  on  the  Occoquan,  was 
a  particularly  sensitive  spotif?  Confederate  cavalry  under  Colonel 
Wade  Hampton  was  stationed  there,  but  a-Jorce  of  infantry  would 
obviously  be  necessary  to  hold  the  positionviGeneral  Joseph  E.  John- 
ston, commanding  all  Confederate  forces  in  northern  Virginia,  ^\as 
extremely  anxious  for  Whiting  to  determine  how  many  infanti-y 
troops  ivould  be  necessary  "for  the  observation  of  the  Occoquan,  Sc 
succor  of  Evansport."© 

By  mid-September  Whiting  had  decided  to  move  his  brigade,  con- 
sisting of  the  Fourth  Alabama,  First  Tennessee,  Second  ^Iississippi, 
l-.le\enth   Mississippi,  Sixth   North  Carolina,   and   Imboden's  batterv, 

35 


36  The  Bloody  Sixth 

to  the  vicinity  of  Dumfries^  Orders  Avereiirepared  for  the  march,  to 
begin  on  the  morning  of  September  18.(2/ 

As  the  men  prepared  to  march,  Pender's  fears  were  rejuvenated. 
He  felt  that  he  couldn't  move  more  than  "three  hundred  8:  thirty 
or  forty  men"  when  the  time  came  to  go.  This  iiias  a  sad  figure 
out  of  a  total  of  798  men  on  the  regimental  rostei>2/rhe  regimental 
health  was  improving,  but  men  were  still  dying.  According  to 
Pender, 

They  average  about  one  per  day  in  deaths.  But  few  new  cases 
but  the  old  ones  are  hard  to  get  up.  Still  I  do  not  despair;  the 
general  health  is  much  better,  and  the  spirits  of  the  men  are 
getting  more  bouyant.  I  never  saw  such  long  faces  as  ivhen  I 
came  here.  Together  ^vith  sickness  &  misdirected  discipline  (an 
obvious  slap  at  Lightfoot)  one  never  heard  a  good  laugh  or  a  (n) 
attempt  at  a  song.  (Jo) 

Indeed,  the  lieutenant  colonel  had  been  a  strict  disciplinarian, 
trying  to  teach  the  men  his  "Military-School-notions."  Lightfoot 
wouldn't  alleviate  his  discipline  by  anything,  not  even  a  single  "kind 
word  or  act. "(friction  ^vas  revealed  on  the  regimental  staff  bv  Pen- 
der's sharp  criticism  of  Lightfoot,  a  statement  ^vorth  repeating: 

The  sick  ivere  allo-^ved  to  ^\allo-\v  in  nuid  &  to  shift  for 
themselves.  They  had  an  asst.  surgeon  who  had  never  done 
anything  but  compound  medicines,  and  Lightfoot  seemed  to 
make  no  effort  to  get  any  others.  In  fact  he  seemed  to  be  totally 
ignorant  of  their  ivants,  or  totally  indifferent.  He  talked  in- 
cessantly of  disorganisation  &:c.  without  one  single  effort  ...  to 
remedy  it  .  .  .  these  conceited  military  school  teachers,  are  ivorse 
than  good  men  ignorant  of  the  first  principles  of  drill.  The  more 
I  see  the  more  I  am  disgusted  with  the  idea  that  to  kno-sv  ho^v  to 
drill  entitles  a  man  to  any  position.  If  he  has  sense  it  helps  him 
but  if  not,  it  (is)  even  better  for  him  &  those  who  have  the  mis- 
fortune to  be  under  him  that  he  did  not  kno-^v  right  face  from 
left.  @ 

The  young  colonel  continued  with  an  exposition  of  Lightfoot's  good 
points.  He  ■^\'as  a  gentleman,  would  obey  orders,  and  was  a  good 
assistant.OiPender  had  been  forced  to  reprimand  Lightfoot  for  the 
latter's  pompous  attitude.  As^~Pender  explained,  "I  am  Colonel 
'de  facto'  as  well  as  'de  jure.'  '*^ightfoot  ^\as  hated  throughout  the 
regiment,  Major  Webb  Avas  "a  fine  man,"  Adjutant  Smith  was  a 
"good  boy"  who  showed  great  i-espect  to  his  colonel iM'ender  revealed 
his  sympathy  for  the  sufferings  of  his  men  -ivhen  he  wrote, 

I  should  much  prefer  this  horrible  war  could  end  without 
any  more  bloodshed  &  misery.    Oh!   the  terrible  heart-rendering 


Camp  Fisher  37 

anxiety  that  the  poor  \vomen  must  suffer  for  those  ivho  they 
lose.  The  anxiety  of  some  poor  fathers  who  come  here  to  see 
their  sick  sons,  (j^ 

Pender  recalled  one  incident  ^\hen  he  ^vas  visiting  the  regimental 
hospital  to  see  the  sick.  He  came  upon  a  bespectacled  elderly  man 
who  was  sitting  by  his  son  with  a  brush  to  keep  the  flies  off  the  boy's 
face.  The  solciier  was  "pale  &:  emaciated,"  looking  very  ill.  Pender 
sat  down  and  began  talking  to  the  father,  whoJinally  remarked,  "  'but 
f  am  forced  to  leave  him  in  the  morning.'  \}ja\\&  young  colonel  ivas 
doino  evervthino-  he  coidd  for  his  men — larovidino-  clean  tents  A\'ith 
plenty  of  room,  good  attention,  and  the  knowledge  that  his  officers 
cared  for  their  welfare.  Q§) 

Early  in  the  morning  of  September  18  the  men  were  roused  otit 
of  bed  to  beein  their  lona;  march  to  Dumfries.  >frs.  Scales,  wife  of 
the  regimental  quartermaster,  accompanied  the  regimentiiS-Vlthough 
the  regiment  would  be  out  of  the  reach  of  "nuich  fighting,"  there  \\as 
no  spirit  to  get  into  a  fight.  As  Pender  said,  "f  shall  be  content  if  it 
happens  to  be  my  luck,  not^-to  be  in  a  fight,  ff  it  comes  I  shall  be 
ready  &  Avilling  to  meet  it. ''battles  coidd  ^\ait:  the  suffering  of  the 
[Kist  month  had  been  too  much  to  wish  for  the  additional  test  of 
battle  at  this  time. 

On  the  night  of  the  18th  the  men  filed  across  Powell's  Run  and 
went  into  a  temporary  camp.  The  next  morning  the  men  were 
marched  half  a  mile  and  pitchedrtents.  This  new  camp  was  named 
"Camp  Hill,"  for  obvious  reasons^^he  camp  was  situated  in  an  area 
of  rolling  hillSj^veraging  about  250  feet  in  height,  with  excellent 
streams  nearbyVi^Dnly  350  officers  and  men  marched  to  the  new 
campground.  The  sick  had  been^ieft  at  Camp  Jones  under  Light- 
foot  to  folloxs'  on  September  20?^\en  as  the  regiment  marched 
from  Camp  Jones  the  lieuteirajut  colonel  was  preparing  "a  long- 
letter  about  drills  parades  'kd^Ks,  Pender  expressed  it,  "Did  you  ever 
hear  of  such  a  thing?\^t  seemed  that  the  old  animosity  between  the 
two  highest-ranking  officers  in  the  regiment  Avas  still  alive.  It  was 
only  a  matter  of  time  until  other  incidents  would  occur,  to  the  pos- 
sible detriment  of  the  men  in  the  regiment. 

The  town  near  ^vhich  the  regiment  found  itself  encamped  ^s'as  an 
old  Virginia  river  port,  founded  in  the  early  Eighteenth  Century.  The 
main  road,  or  Telegraph  Road,  between  Washington  and  Richmond 
passed  through  its  center,  giving  an  atmosphere  of  importance  to 
the  vicinity.  There  ^vere  some  elegant  brick  buiWings  in  the  town, 
but  by  1861  most  of  these  had  fallen  into  ruinL-A'ow  the  area  \vas 
the  scene  of  extensive  militan-  activity.  As  if  to  emphasize  Dum- 
fries' new  importance  as  a  military  center  General  Whiting  issued 
orders  appointing  a  provost  marshal  and  provost  guards  to  maintain 
order  in  the  town.   The  provost  marshal  would  imprison  all  "officers 


38  The  Bloody  Sixth 

and  Privates  he  finds  in  his  premises,"  ^\•ithout  a  Avritten  pass.  Seecial 
provision  \vas  made  regarding  the  "sale  of  spirituous  liquor.'VStrict 
orders  were  also  given  for  regiments  and  batteries,  "already  posted," 
to  retain  their  positions.  The  articles  of  war  dealing  with  conduct  of 
troops  were  to  be  "published"  at  each  regimental  dress  parade,  "and 
strictly  enforced."  All  officers  and  men,  except  regimental,  post,  and 
corps  commanders,  were  required  to  have  written  passes  from  camp. 
No  one  was  pennitted  to  approach  the  Potomac.  Some  of  them  were 
harsh  orders,  but  Whiting  meant  what  he  said — they  would  be 
enforced!  (^ 

Anridst  the  occasional  sound  of  artiller)'  fire  between  Union  ships 
in  the  Potomac  and  the  Evgnsport  batteries,  the  men  settled  down 
to  the  routine  of  camp  life^'ender  was  still  deeply  concerned  about 
the  demoralized  condition  of  many  of  his  men,  much  of  it  caused 
by  "stai-ving  wives  at-home.  .  .  .  They  say  feed  their  families  &;  they 
will  fight  willingly."'^eath  in  battle  field  no  fear  for  Pender:  "Noth- 
ing but  a  natural  death  can  await  me  here."^jD 

The  regiment  marched  a  distance  of  seven  miles  on  September 
25  to  act  in  support  of  a  battery  at  Freestone  Point  on  the  Potomac. 
A  Unipn  landing  ivas  expected,  but  the  enemy  was  "not  so  impru- 
dent."^3"he  men  bivouacked  that  night  near  the  j4yer.  All  things 
considered,  everyone  "spent  a  very  pleasant  time.'^^^till,  when  they 
returned  to  Camp  Fisher  on  the  morning  of  the  26th,  the  men  were 
glad  to  be  back;  even  the  return  to  camp  routine  was  "a  little  more 
interesting.  .  .  .'(JPV  new  spirit  seemed  to  be  taking  possession  of  the 
regiment.  By  the  end  of  September  nearly  400  men  and  officers  were 
fit  for  duty.  The  morale  of  the  regiment  was  generally  good,  at  least 
compared  with  what  it  had  been  during  the  preceding  summer.  Q^ 

Towards  the  end  of  September  the  Sixth  received  a  most-welcome 
addition  to  the  regimental  staff.  He  was  the  new  chaplain.  Reverend 
Adolphus -iVilliamson  Mangum,  pastor  of  the  Methodist  Church  in 
Salisbury .@"he  Hillsborough  Recorder  praised  Mangum  saying, 

Mr.  Mangum  is  highly  spoken  of  as  a  gentleman  and  a 
christian,  and  as  having  won  by  his  social  and  generous  dispo- 
sition, the  affection  and  esteem  of  the  members  of  all  the  churches 
of  the  community  in  ^vhich  he  has  been  residing.  It  may  be 
hoped  that  he  will  be  of  great  usefulness  in  the  field  -which 
he  has  gone  to  occupy.  6?) 

Mangum  was  at  Petersburg  on  the  26th,  carrying  many  boxes  with 
him.  He  had  heard  that  the  regiment  was  "at  a  place  called  Dvnn- 
fries,"  according,^^to  Mangum  "one  of  the  best  positions  /  could  have 
chosen  for  us.'t^Xbe,  reverend  was  anxious  to  see  a  battle,  but  not 
to  participate  in  it.^^Iis  \o\e  was  religion,  not  the  horrors  of  war.  By 
October  29  Manginn  was  requesting  a  tent  for  himself,  "a  /^H 
tent,  poles  &  pins.  ...    I  have  no  tent  but  am  entitled  to  one.'v^y 


Camp  Fisher  39 

early  October  he  was  writing  from  "Land's  End.,  Va."  to  a  North 
Carolina  friend  stationed  at  Bristoe  Station.  The  letter  concernedithe 
death  of  Mangum's  cousin.  Lieutenant  Willie  P.  Mangum.(£/rhe 
young  officer  died  "a  noble  death  .  .  .  beaiing  his  arms  against  tyranny 
&  outrage  and  at  peace  with  his  God.'^Olangum  sho^ved  his  com- 
bination of  religious  fervor  and  strong  Confederate  sentiment  Avhen 
he  exclaimed, 

He  was  of  the  proper  mould  to  take  a  leading  position  in 
national  affairs — so  much  promise  so  much  of  pure  genius,  so 
much  of  patriotism  blasted  in  the  Inid  and  oh,  the  vile  agent 
that  caused  it.   (fs) 


The  regiment  also  gained  a  sutler  on  September  28.  His  name 
was  E.  L.  Fant,  and  he  was  duly  elected  by^^r^'Regimental  Council 
of  Administration"  to  sell  goods  to  the  mensSFThis  was  undoubtedly 
a  welcome  addition  to  a  unit  which  coidd  muster  450  men  fit  for 
duty  by  late  September.  Pender's  efforts  to  improve  the  health  of  his 
men  were  paying  off.  Indeed,  there  was  a  "strong  feeltng  of  gratitude 
fe  attachment"  towards  the  young,  ambitious  colonel.'^s  Pender  him- 
self explained  it,  "They  would  not  loose  me,  to  fall  again  into  the 
hands  of  Col.  Lightfoot  for  anything  in  the  world. "^e  would  admit 
that  he  enjoyed  the  applause  of  his  men:  "still  I  do  not  think  the 
desire  foe  their  good  opinion  coidd  make  me  do  ^vhat  I  know  to  be 
wrong. "^£i) 

Possibly  one  aspect  of  Pender  ^\•hich  endeared  him  to  his  men 
was  his  strong  religious  conviction.  This  feeling  was  exemplified 
b\  his  detenninatioiv-tp  be  baptized  at  Fredericksburg  in  full  sight 
I  some  of  his  mens^his  desire  was  accomplished  on  October  7. 
the  presiding  minister  being  Reverend  Toomer  Porter  of  Charleston, 
South  Carolina.  The  actual  baptism  was  accomplished  near  the 
regiment's  camp  and  in  full  sight  of  the  men,  just  as  Pender  wished.  (5^ 
As  Pender  explained  it, 

I  was  willing  to  have   it  done   in   the  sight   of  all,   for  with^ 

God's  help  1  shall  endeavor  to  Vwe  up  to  the  vows  I  then  tcK)k.(£5' 

Stephen  D.  Lee,  later  a  Confederate  lieutenant  general  and  a  friend 
of  Pender,  ivas  one  of  the  two  ivitnesses.  ^P 

Another  example  of  Pender's  piety  ^vas  the  books  that  he  read. 
These  included  "The  End  of  Controversy  Controverted,  Double 
Worship  of  the  Church,  Confession  of  Sias^  by  Dr.  Lewis  of  Brook- 
hn.  Sacred  Pravetd,"  and  two  others.&^ender's  religious  fervor 
and  his  benevolent  attitude  toward  his  men  were  expressed  in  many 
different  ways.  The  young  colonel  felt  that  the  regiment  would  ^.^^ 
"care  for  me  just  in  the  proportion  as  I  can  be  of  service  to  them."  ^^ 


40  The  Bloody  Sixth 

This  care  was  manifested  in  the  issuance  of  a  large  amount  of  per- 
sonal equipment  to  the  men  during  the  month  of  October,  equip- 
ment which  was  badly  needed  after  the  deprivations  of  the  preceding 
sinnmer.  Ouarterniasier  Scales  provided  one  ■ivall  tent  to  Compan\ 
H  on  October  19!SEScales  also  provided  large  amounts  of  shoes, 
blankets,  haversacks,  knapsacks,  unifonn  coats,  and  pants  to  the  regi- 
ment, an  interesting  point  considering  the  generally-accepted  notion 
that  Confederate  troops  were  poorly  supplied,  even  early  in  the  ivar. 
In  order  to  facilitate  the  prociuement  of  clothing.  Captain  Isaac 
Avery  of  Company  E  was  sent  to  Raleigh  on  October  14.  The 
clothing  which  Avery  was  to  purchase  was  mainly  for  his  company  of 
Burke,  Yancey  and  McDowell  County  men.  ^P 

Pender's  letters  reflected  the  monotony  of  life  at  Camp  Fisher  as 
September  faded   into   October.   On  September  28   he   wrote. 

We  are  in  a  distressing  state  of  quietude  here  no^\-,  but  look 
for  something  on  the  river  soon.  We  play  a  secondary  part  here, 
the  batteries  being  of  the  most  important  consideration.  ^ 

Again,  on  October  7, 

We  are  still  here  in  inactivity,  preparing  for  what  may  take 
place.  What  we  will  do  before  winter  sets  in  &:  where  we  will  be 
when  it  does,  are  subjects  about  \vhich  we  are  in  profound 
darkness.  (^ 

On  October  9  he  wrote  in  a  more  discomaging  tone: 

.  .  .  we  live  in  such  a  huni-driun  ^vay  that  a  piece  of  nei\s 
with  us  is  good  for  &c.  I  never  see  a  paper  scarcely. (<^ 


To  add  to  his  usual  burdens  with  the  regiment,  and  to  increase 
the  routine  of  camp  life,  Pender  was  designated  as  chief  judge  on  a 
court-martial  which  convened  in  the  camp  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  on 
October  8.  The  court  ^voidd  be  operative  "for  the  trial  of  such 
commissiorjetl  officers  and  other  persons  as  may  be  properly  brought 
before  it."€l'ender  was  fatigued  by  the  i^uine  of  the  court,  especially 
the  "continual  drag  upon  oiu'  temper. "(s0n  one  occasion  he  wrote  his 
wife: 

You  must  h^  satisfied  ^\'ith  a  poor  letter  as   I  have  to  write 
in  the  coiut.((£^ 

It  was  with  general  relief  that  the^ourt  foimd  itself  adionmed,  "until 
further  orders,"  on  October  25v^ender  ivas  especially  relieved;  he 
hated  to  invoke  the  death  penalty,  especially  as  president  of  the 
court.  (Q\ 


Camp  Fisher  41 

Pender's  letters  to  his  wife  during  the  fall  and  \vinter  of  1861-1862 
reveal  much  of  the  routine  and  excitement  of  camp  life.  They  shed 
much  light  on  Confederates  in  both  temporary  camp  and  permanent 
winter  quarters.  Much  of  the  infoiTnation  sent  concerned  friends  and 
their  affairs.  On  October  9  he  ivrote, 

Capt.  Da\idson  Avhose  ^\ife  acted  so  baiUy  in  California  and 
^vho  we  did  not  wish  to  call  on  in  San  Francisco,  took  the  oath 
on  the  other  side,  saying-  he  could  not  bear  to  come  south  & 
let  his  family  starve,  (ij^ 

Again,  on  October  11, 

.  .  .  did  I  write  you  that  Beaut  (J.  E.  B.)  Stuart  has  been 
made  Brig.  General  and  placed  in  conmiand  of  all  the  cavah7  in 
this  army  of  the  Potomac.  Mr.  Peter  Hairston  was  here  a  fe\ v 
days  since  from  Beaut's  Hdqrs.  He  is  volunteer  aid  to  him.  ^5y 

Pender's  letters  do  not  reveal  much  in  the  way  of  intimate  military 
information  since  his  fomial  military  training  had  imposed  a  volun- 
tary censorship  upon  him.  He  felt  that  the  Union  commanders 
"have  gained  a  great  deal  of  infoamation  from  imprudent  men  in 
our  army  &  through  our  papers. "(i^'jo  military  information  should  be 
given,  even  by  imprudent  men,  since  "it  is  against  orders."  Anyway 
regimental  commanders  knew  little  about  the  over-all  skuation  and 
couldn't  divulge  much  information  if  they  had  wished.  (6^ 

October  continued  with  both  good  news  and  bad.  On  the  16th  the 
entire  rcsfflient  was  equipped  with  new  shoes,  and  "are  no^\'  com- 
fortable.'^till,  there  was  a  note  of  uncertainty  in  the  air.  The  high 
command  tightened  up  on  the  granting  of  passes,  except  to  the 
sick.^siStrict  orders  were  given  to  the  pickets  at  the  jtmction  of 
Quantico  River  and  the  Occoquan  Road  (Telegraph  Road)  to  stop 
"all  persons"  who  did  not  carry  a  written  pass.  Only  a  handful  of 
officers  were  attthorized  to  grant  passes  in  the  brigade,  Pender  being 
among  themsiS-The  "utmost  vigilance"  was  required  of  everyone,  a 
glim  reminder  that  they  were  in  a  war  zone  and  on  continual  alert. (7y 
Strict  orders  were  given  regulating  the  sale  of  provisions  by  hucksters. 
Such  goods  as  butter,  sweet  potatoes,  milk,  chickens,  turkeys,  mutton, 
Irish  potatoes,  cabbages,  and  onions  were  included  in  the  list.  A 
violation  of  the  rides  go\erning  sales  ^voidd  subject  the  guilty  parties 
to  "recantation  of  permit  &;  stoppage  of  business. "©The  fleecing  of 
soldiers  by  the  hucksters  had  been  brought  to  General  Whiting's 
attention  and  "must  be  stopped."  Qj) 

While  this  barrage  of  orders  was  coming  do\vn  from  brigatie  and 
division  headquarters,  the  usual  routine  of  life  continued  relatively 
uninterrupted  during  October.  Mrs.  Whiting,  wife  of  the  brigade 
commander,    came    to    camp,    "as    she    says    for    the    \\'ar:"    to    make 


42  The  Bloody  Sixth 

camp  life  more  interesting,  so  did  Mrs.  Scales,  wife  of  the  able  regi- 
mental quartermaster.  The  imminent  birth  of  a  baby  might-,  take 
Mrs.  Scales  home  before  the  war  ended,  but  not  Mrs.  Whiting(^ow- 
ever,  Mrs.  Whiting  left  for  Fredericksbiag^n  October  21,  leaving 
the  determined  Mrs.  Scales  behind  in  campSiPender  showed  his  lack 
of  tact  with  women  when  he  said, 

I  inad\'ertently  said  yesterday  to  Mrs.  Scales  that  she  would 
leave  in  a  few  days — that  Mrs.  Whiting  had  gone  and  my  atten- 
tion was  called  off  before  I  had  time  to  carry  in  the  joke  .  .  . 
and  she  I  feel  has  taken  it  to  heart.  So  after  all  my  efforts  to 
please  &  make  her  comfortable  she  will  go  away  with  anything 
l)ut  kind  feelings  towards  me. 


Pender  felt  his  motives  were  pure;  a  military  camp  in  a  war  zone  was 
no  place  for  A\'omen,  particularly  one  in  Mrs.  Scales's  condition.  No 
one  could  possibly  know  when  a  Union  attack  would  take  place,  q^ 
Pender  was  disgusted  with  many  things  at  Camp  Fisher,  with 
fault-finding  officers,  pregnant  ivomen,  and  timid  chaplainsSsPossibly 
the  last  problem  was  the  most  disappointing.  Reverend  Mangum,  al- 
though the  possessor  of  a  distinguished  family  connection,  an  ex- 
cellent education^  and  a  good  reputation  as  a  minister  in  piedmont 
North  Ca«,olina,v?I^as  seriously  considering  an  early  return  to  North 
Carolina^^^ven  though  his  health  had  improved  (he  had  been  sick 
in  early  October) ,  and  although  he  spoke  "so  cheeringly  of  (his) 
prospects  for  usefulness, '^Si^ie  young  minister  had  become  discour- 
aged with  a  persistent  cold  and  "a  tendency  to  jaundice."  By 
October  29  Pender  was  ^vaiting,  in  disparaging  temrs,  of  the  chap- 
lain's departure  foi>-Petersburg.  As  Pender  put  it,  "Did  you  ever  hear 
of  such  a  thing. "vS\s  if  to  illustrate  Pender's  expectations,  Man- 
gum  wrote  an  interesting  letter  from  Richmond: 

After  a  most  trying  trip  we  reached  here  just  before  night. 
There  happened  to  be  a  kind  gentleman  along  from  North  Caro- 
lina or  we  should  have  suffered  more.  At  Bristoe  the  man 
could  get  no  transportation  (Mangum  was  accompanying  some 
sick  soldiers)  &  I  had  to  give  a  certificate  of  the  number  of  men 
&  the  distance.  I  telegraphed  to  this  point  from  Louisa  C.  H. 
for  I  feared  that  the  men  would  have  to  lie  out.  They  are  no-^v 
in  a  Gov.  Hospital  &:  if  there  be  room  in  Petersburg  they  will 
probably  go  there  tommorrow.  I  fear  they  have  no  room  in  P(e- 
tersburg)  for  100  N.  Carolinians  were  sent  there  yesterday.  For 
the  sake  of  himianity  don't  send  any  more  ^vho  are  so  feeble 
&  who  (know)  nothing  on  earth  about  travelling  withoiU  send- 
ing some  intelligent  muse  &;  guide.  There  is  also  a  coffin  here 
from  the  6th  uhich  was  unceremoniously  sent  up  to  Bristoe  to 
my  care.  ^^ 


Camp  Fisher  43 

MaiigLim  pointed  out  his  feeble  condition  to  Pender  in  a  most  direct 
manner,  saying,  "If  I  am  well  enough  tomorro^v  to  go  to  Petersburg 
&  find  out  anything  farther  I  will  write.  Please  excuse  this  coarse  note 
.  .  I  am  very  bad  off  ...  &:  convinced  that  if  Old  Abe  gets  the 
Janders'  tie  cause  of  the  South  will  triumph,  provided  it  depends 
on  him.'®By  early  November  Mangum  had  resigned,  to  the  imme- 
diate relief  of  his  colonel.  Pender  immediately  made  plans  to  get 
an  Episcopal  minister,  if  one  could  be  found.  He  had  procured  a 
"Methodist  to  please  some  of  the  men.  He  has  left  &:  I  shall  try 
to  please  myself."  (S/ 

The  Third  Brigade  became  the  object  of  much  activity  as  Oc- 
tober drew  to  a  close.  An  order  was  issued  on  October  19  calling 
for  the  collection  and  transportation  of  all  extra  baggage  to  Brook's 
Station  on  the  Orange  8;  Alexandria  Railroad.  Especial  concern 
■\\'ould  be  shown  to  the  "anus,  acoutrements  &;c."  of  those  ^vho 
were  sick  and  absent.  This  equipment  was  to  be  sent  to  the  rear  as 
soon  as  possible>SOn  October  23  orders  \vere  issued  regarding  the 
sufficiency  of  salt  rations  in  the  various  commands.  Amis  and  am- 
munition were  to  be  kept  in  order  in  readiness  for  a  possible  emer- 
gency. The  brigade  might  have  to  march  out  and  meet  the  enemy 
at  a  moment's  notice.  It  ^\•as  important  that  there  he-N^plenty  of 
wagons  on  hand  to  carry  necessan-  supplies  for  the  men^22\.dditional 
orders  were  given  to  "Field  officers  of  regiments,  and  mounted 
officers .  .  ."  to  reconnoiter  the  area  in  their  spare  time,  to  note  eg^ecial- 
]y  "the  direction  of  roads  between  camps  and  the  Occoquan.'W4\ll  in- 
fonuation  acqiured  in  this  manner  was  to  be  reported  to  headquarters. 
Sjjecial  directions  were  given  to  insure  a  total  of  fourteen  ^\agons 
a  regiment,  one  wagon  to  a  company,  "besides  that  for  commissary, 
ordnance,  field  S:  stafi  and  quarter  master."  This  order  would  go  into 
effect  immediately.c2A.s  if  to  lend  support  to  this  feverish  preparation 
to  meet  an  expected  attack,  troop  movements  were  ordered  to  take 
place  on  October  26.  The  Second  Mississippi  and  Fourth  Alabama 
Regiments  and  Imboden's  battery  of  the  Third  Brigade  were  ordered 
to  march  to  Seymours'  farm,  above  the  camp  of  the  Sixth  North  Caro- 
lina.63Vould  the  men  see  action  at  last?  'Were  they  finally  going  to 
march  out  and  meet  the  enemy  after  three  months  of  inactivity? 

The  answer  was  somewhat  disappointing  to  men  ^sho  had  known 
the  strain  of  discipline  and  inactivity  for  so  long.  The  regiment 
■(vould  move  (orders  were  issued  for  that  object  on  No\'ember  1) , 
but  only  to  the  support  of  the  Evansport  batteries.  Routine  picket 
duty  was  the  order  of  the  day,  the  regiment  spending  a  day  and 
night  in  support  of  the  batteries  maintaining  the  Potomac  blockade. 
Colonel  Pender  described  the  operation  in  a  graphic  manner: 

I   took  my  Regt.   out   Friday   night   on   Pickett   duty — at   the 
battery  7  miles — and  got  back  Saturday.    It  commenced  to  rain 


44  The  Bloody  Sixth 

that  night  &  rained  incessantly  24  hours  all  of  which  we  had  to 
take  as  we  had  no  tents.  The  men  in  addition  had  to  wade  two 
streams  waist  deep,  and  you  may  be  assured  we  were  all  pretty 
wet,  &  then  had  to  sleep  in  wet  blankets  last  night,  but  as  yet  I 
have  not  heard  of  any  ill  results. ^^ 

The  men  seemed  to  take  the  hardships  "very  cheerfully."  Everyone 
was  anxious  to  see  the  batteries  fire  at  two  small  schooners  that  were 
passing.CT"he  crisis  and  urgency  of  late  October  had  subsided  to  the 
point  where  "we  were  .  .  .  three  weeks  ago."  ^?) 

As  if  to  emphasize  this  apparent  return  to  normalcy  orders  were 
issued  to  reconvene  the  court-martial,  adjourned  on  October  25. 
The  court  was  to  reassemble  at  "9  o'clock  A.M."  on  November  -i.d 
Pender  looked  forward  to  a  return  of  such  unpleasant  duty  with  fore- 
boding. He  wrote  that  the  court-martial  "takes  up  all  my  time,  or 
so  much  of  it  that  I  do  not  feel  like  doing  anything  after  it  is  over. 
Judging  men  was  not  pleasant,  especially  since  there  were  m^w  cases 
from  the  Sixth  Regiment  for  "sleeping  on  Post  &  desertion.'u3(Iorale 
had  again  become  low;  during  October  many  regimental  officers  were 
planning  to  resign,  a  process  which  Pender  felt  would  be  difficult 
under  his  administration  "for  I  do  not  think  it  right  that  i*fficers  who 
get  their  men  to  come,  should  go  off  and  leave  them.'whe  court- 
martial  was  finally  adjourned  on  November  12  because  the  order 
asseml^ling  it  had  been  "technically  incorrect."  The  court  was  there- 
fore not  legally  organized  and  its  proceediiigs  were  void,  a  sorry 
verdict  after  twenty-six  days  of  deliberations.  ©P 

Whiting's  anxiety  over  a  possible  Union  attack  remained  acute 
throughout  the  autumn  of  1861.  General  Johnston,  at  Manassas 
Junction,  agreed  with  Whiting,  but  answered  his  request  for  a  new 
battery  with  the  statement  that,  "I  look  upon  the  case  as  hopless 
...  it  is  too  late  to  make  this  additiana^l  preparation  against  any 
combined  operation  against  Evansport.'^^S^ohnston  felt  that  there  was 
no  fear  of  shellfire  from  the  Union  fleet:  "I  fear  landing  in  force." 
The  bluffs  behind  the  batteries  should  be  converted  into  "an  in- 
trenched camp"  where  two  or  three  regiments  could  maintain  their 
position  for  several  days  in  the  face  of  an  attack  by  a  superior  force. 
The  roads  about  Manassas  were  becoming  worse,  and  Johnston  felt 
that  "This  place^  (Manassas)  is  not  fit  for  our  winter  residence  on 
any  account. 'Viigeneral  P.  G.  T.  Beauregard  offered  Whiting  his 
advice  about  future  operations.  The  captor  of  Fort  Sumter  felt  that 
Triplett's  and  Powhatan's  Hills,  in  the  vicinity  of  Po^vell's  Run, 
should  be  fortified.  Beainegard  felt  that  the  line  of  the  Occoquan 
was  very  important,  provided  "the  enemy  does  not  land  below  it." 
Whiting  must  hold  out,  if  attacketi,  until  some  of  the  forces  at 
Manassas  could  come  to  his  relieni-^eneral  Gustavus  W.  Smith,  com- 
manding the  Second  Corps,  wrote  Whiting  on  the  14th  that  Colonel 


Camp  Fisher  45 

Ech\ard  P.  Alexander  would  "practice  daily  telegraph  ivith  you." 
It  ^vas  important  that  all  elements  of  the  Confederate  Army  have 
"prompt  communications."  Bridges  ^\•ere^eing  built  across  the  Occo- 
qiian  to  insme  rapid  troojj  movementsUiWhiting  ^vrote-rhis  superiors 
that  he  woidd  fall  back  to  "the  Neabsco  crossing'^^^t  the  enemy 
crossed  the  Occoquan  in  heavy  force.  "We  have  tremendous  odds 
against  us,  and  if  they  cross  the  run  we  shall  have  a  heavy  fight."  (^ 
Observing  that  Whiting  ivas  becoming  extremely  nervous  under  the 
threat  of  Union  attack.  General  Theophilius  H.  Holmes,  command- 
ing the  Acquia  District,  assured  ^Vhiting: 


Keep   cool   and   exercise   your   great    intellect   dispassionately 
so  you  will  succeed.  (Toi) 


Anil  so  it  ■(vent,  letter  after  letter,  explaining   the  militarv  situation 

in    detailed    temis    and    anticipating    an    attack    ivhich    ne\'er    came.  ll£3^ 

AVhiting  thought  that  the  enemy  might  make  an  attack  towards 
the  end  of  November,   "earlv  iK^t  week,"   as  he  wrote   in   General 


Orders  Number  20  on  the  23rd^i0'n  the  25th  orders  ^vere  given  to  the 
commanders  of  regiments  directing  them  to  prepare  to  leave  camp 
"at  a  moments  notice."  Tents  and  baggage  were  to  be  moved  beyond 
Dimifries  on  the  26th.  The  Confederates  -vvoidd  remain  in  bivouac 
and  observe  the  enemy's  movements.  This  was  rendered  neces^sm' 
by  the  enemy's  operations  "which  are  no-\\-  coming  to  a  point.'^-^-m 
preparation  for  a  possible  enemy  attack  the  Third  Brigade  Avas 
moved  to  Dane's  farm  belo^v  the  line  of  the  Neabsce^rd  in  a  position 
near  the  other  U\-o  brigades  in  'Whiting's  command^^'hiting  pleaded, 
in  a  memorandum  to   Johnston: 

I   must  have  more  troops.   .   .   . 

Can  no  aid  be  given  from  the  well-drilled  regiments  occupy- 
ing the  Peninsida  or  from  Norfolk?  ([jj) 

Whiting  went  so  far  as  to  prepare  a  detailed  letter  to  Johnston  an- 
nouncing his  plan  of  defense.  He  planned  to  make  his  clefense  along 
Powell's  Rim,  "in  the  dense  woods  and  heigitts?,  -ivhich  there  are  in 
our  advantage,  as  on  Neabsco  they  are  his.'^i-4render  wrote,  in  the 
midst  of  this  activity,  about  the  situation,  and  expressed  the  fervent 
wish, 

God  grant  they    (the  enemy)    may  have  their  hearts  changed 
and  offer  peace,  /fj^ 

On  November  12  the  regiment  had  been  ordered  into  the  field, 
but  went  only  about  "a  hundred  yards  from  Camp."  Here  the  men 
stayed  for  two  hours,  only  to  return  to  camp  to  prepare  "t^vo  days 
rations"   and   keep   themselves   in   readiness    to  mo\e.    Pender   didn't 


46  The  Bloody  Sixth 

think  the  enemy  would  attack  them  along  Powell's  Run,  "when  the 
country  is  so  much  in  our  in\'or.'(l!Me  injected  a  light  note  into  his 
correspondence  by  saying, 

.  .  .  Mrs.  Lightfoot  has  .  .  .  reached  us.  I  have  not  &  do  not 
intend  to  call  on  her,  for  her  husband  is  such  a  funny  fellow  that 
he  would  not  understand  me,  as  he  does  not  in  any  other  po- 
sition I  take.  (JJJ) 

The  young  colonel  reported  that  the  Sixth  Regiment  mustered  550 
men  fit  for  duty  on  November  17.  Prospects  for  even  more  men 
looked  hopeful,  in  spite  of  numerous  misdemeanors  committed  by 
some  of  the  men.  One  of  these  incidents  involved  some  members  of 
the  Sixth  who  broke  into  a  box  from  home  sent  to  other  men.  Over 
$100  ivorth  of  private  property  was  stolen  and  sold  "around  the 
Regt."  Pender  felt  that  the  company  involved  should  give  the  men 
a  sound  whipping  and  let  them  go,  rather  than  bring  the  guilty 
parties  before  a  court-martial.  Honesty  ^\as  evidently  not  a  policy 
shared  by  many  soldiers,  in  Pender's  opinion.(f/^ 

The  most  important  operation  that  the  Sixth  engaged  in  during 
November  and  December,  1861,  was  the  preparation  of  winter  quar- 
ters. General  Johnston  Avrote  Whiting  on  November  11   that, 

I  am  embarrassed  on  the  subject  of  winter  quarters.  I  made 
arrangements  a  month  ago  for  the  beginning  of  preparations,  but 
was  disappointed  by  the  supposed  contractor,  who  gave  up  the 
undertaking  withotit  giving  me  notice.  I  stippose  that,  upon  oc- 
casion, your  troops  could  make  themselves  log  huts  in  a  few  days. 
Here  (Manassas)  we  can't  find  the  logs  -(vhere  the  huts  will  be 
wanted.  /'[Jq) 

Johnston  felt  that  the  enemy  would  disturb-Jris  men  "as  soon  as  we 
have  become  comfortable  for  the  winter."<Ia*ender  wrote  on  Novem- 
ber 17  tliat  his  men  were  binlding  huts,  "tlie_idea  of  remaining  here 
for  the  winter  has  fixed  itself  in  our  minds. vBajrhe  men  did  not  begin 
to  construct  their  winter  camp  until  the  end  of  November,  since  the 
problem  of  military  operatkurs  still  hovered  in  the  foreground  during 
the  late  November  scare.^^4*Ender  assured  his  wife  that  when  he  built 
his  hut  "it  will  be  to  hold  you  as  well  as  myself."  Qj;^ 

General  Johnston  visited  the  regimental  camp  on  November  20. 
He  seemed  to  be  greatly  pleased  with  the  entire  Third  Brigade. 
Pender  took  much  of  this  praise  to  heart,  giving  many  compliments 
to  the  men  in  tlie-Sixth.  a  sreat  change  from  his  attitude  of  the  pre- 
vious  SeptembeiL^His  pride  was  reflected  in  his  words: 

None  of  the  Regts.  come  up  to  mine  in  either  of  the  three 
qualities  above  specified    (drill,  discipline,  and  pohsh)  ....    My 


Camp  Fisher  47 

men   are  the  sort   ^vho  obey  orders   &  make   little   fuss   or   pre- 
tensions. 0^) 

Pender  had  determined  to  begin  building  huts  for  his  regiment 
as  soon  as  the  necessary  tools  were  available.    It  would  be  slow  av 
but  it  A\ould  make  them  comfortable  during  the  coming  ^vinter 
November  22  all  of  the  men  had  Hues  to  their  tents,  "which  makes 
them  very  comfortable  barring  a  little  smoke  occasionally. "CIi>' 

The  lack  of  axes   plagued   the   regiment   in   its   efforts   to   begin 
winter  quarters.    Axes  Avere  scarce  in  the  Southern  Confederacy,  but 
even  if  they  hadn't  been  "they  would  soon  all  be  lost  or  ruined. '(2i£ 
The   occasional    negligence   of   his    men    worried    the    neat,    orderly 
Pender: 

If  they  had  been  raised  so,  it  would  not  be  so  bad,  but  nrost 
of  them  have  been  raised  to  make  everything  go  as  far  as 
possible.  (7g) 


Winter  quarters  ^vere  finally  jjegim  on  December  2,  and  just  in 
time  for  the  weather  was  arettino;  extremely  cold.  There  was  even 
a  feel  of  snow  in  the  northern  Virginia  aiiV^his  did  not  stop 
the  men  from  performing  their  duties  on  picket  guard.  One  company 
"has  to  g  (o)   every  day  from  our  regment.'y?/) 

'Whiting  had  come  to  Pender  on  November  23  to  compliment 
the  Sixth  Regiment  for  having  the  neatest  camp  in  the  Confederate 
Armv  of  the  Potomac.  "Wliiting  had  chosen  Pender's  position  him- 
self, the  left  flank  of  the  troops  guarding  the  Potomac  batteries. 
Pender  ■i\rote. 

This   is  all   gratifying  but   I   hope   it   does   not   increase   my 
\anity,  for  of  a  surety  I  feel  that  what  I  do  is  through  God's  ^_^^ 
mercy,  having  given  me  a  desire  to  do  my  duty  in  all  respects.  Ql^ 

As  December  began,  the  prospect  of  a  fight  seemed  to  loom  larger 
in  the  camps  below  the  Occoquan.  A  fluri^  of  correspondence  be- 
tween Johnston  and  Whiting  discussed  the  possibility  of  the  latter's 
moving  closer  to  Manassas.  The  batteries  should  be  abandoned; 
they  could  be  re-taken  after  the  enemy's  infanti7  had  been  defeated. 
Whiting  should-guard  each  crossing  of  the  Occoquan  to  prevent  a 
surprise  attackV^lie  fact  that  the  Evansport  batteries  ivere  under  close 
balloon  surveillance  by  the  Unionists  caused  Johnston  much  alarm: 
"The  infernal  baJloon  may  interfere  with  such  success  as  we  had 
with  Patterson.Q2johnston  directed  Whiting  to  keep  the  enein^inder 
sinveillance;  "We  must  be  prepared  for  all  contingencies.''-^^  case 
of  an  emergency,  the  Third  Brigade  was  ordered  to  cany  only  their 
blankets,  cooking  implements,  and  ammunition.  The  ^vagons  accom- 
panying the  troops  had  to  be  "\ig\u."(7j0 


48  Thf,  Bloody  Sixth 

During  this  period  the  Sixth  Regiment  still  continued  to  have 
many  sick  men  in  its  ranks.  Although  Render  procured  some  medi- 
cine which  had  been  stored  in  the  areai=4lis  men  still  continued  to 
sicken   and   die.   The   young  colonel    wrote, 

They  are  the  most  sickly  men  I  e\er  saw.  I  have  tried  to  do 
all  in  my  power  for  them.  We  have  (a)  good  deal  of  pneu- 
monia, &  I  fear  (a)  good  deal  of  it  has  been  brought  on  by 
imprudence.     ^ 


One  of  the  men  had  nearly  recovered   from   a  severe  fever,   but 
went  out  into  the  rain  one  night,   "without  his  coat  &  shoes."    He 
contracted  pneumonia  and  died,  chiefly  through  his  own  imprudence.(£ 
By  December  7  Pender  himself  was  ill  with  a  mild  case  of  dvsentery. 
He  went  about  as  usual,  and  cured  himself  by  dieting.(T^ 

While  the  men  >^ere  preparing  to  move  into  their  winter  quarters 
in  early  DecemberV*other  important  events  occurred,  both  good  and 
bad,  which  are  worth  recording.  On  December  4  Whiting  gave  the 
flag  of  the  Third  Brigade  to  the  Sixth  Regiment,  to  use  "imtil  fur- 
ther arrangements."  He  showed  great  partiality  to  the  Sixth  because 
it  came  from  North  Carolina  (his  adopted  siaxe) ,  and  because  it 
"gives  him  less  trouble  than  any  of  the  others. '^^nother  event,  which 
was  not  so  happy,  concerned  Mr.  Fant,  the  regimental  sutler.  He  was 
found  to  be  bringing  liquor  into  camp,  in  spite  of  orders  to  the 
contrary.  When  remindetLof  this  order  by  Pender  he  assured  "me 
it  ^vas  for  his  own  use.'U>The  incident  might  have  ended  here,  but 
Fant,  anxious  to  make  a  profit,  went  to  \Vhiting  and  received  that 
general's  permission  to  sell  it  to  the  officers  of  the  Sixth.  'Whiting 
quite  probably  did  not  fully  understand  the  situation.  When  Pender 
learned  of  this  new  development  he  went  to  Fant's  clerk  and  ordered 
the  sale  stopped  "upon  pain  of  being  shut  up  &  the  store  broken  up." 
Some  of  the  liquor  was  taken  for  the  use  of  the  sick;  Fant  was  to  re- 
reive  payment  at  cost  and  transportation.  Pender  ivas  determined  to 
stop  the  sale  of  liquor  to  hu--«fficers,  "before  it  grows  to  such  dimen- 
sions as  to  give  me  trouble.^^iSrant  seemed  to  be  "bound  up"  in  making 
money,  but  had  spme  good  qualities  too.  He  was  a  gentleman  and 
was  very  obligingU^Mm  spite  of  troubles  like  this,  it  was  a  good  thing 
to  learn  that  the  troops  along  the  Occoquan  had  been  reinforced, 
and  that  the  Sixth  Regiment  was  finally  ready  to  move  into  ^vinter 
quarters.  (S^  /^ 

When  the  threat  of  an  enemy  attack  had  partially  subsided,  it  was 
determined  to  move  into  Tvinter  quarters  as  soon  as  possible.  While 
the  men  would  have  ordinary  log  cabins,  their  colonel  must  have 
something  special.  Pender  decided  to  construct  fivo  good-sized  rooms, 
"13  ft  by  14  ft,"  with  a  wooden  floor,  one  window  and  a  door  to 
each  room  and  a  door  between  the  rooms.    The  hut  woidd  be  built 


Camp  Fisher  49 

of  poplar  logs,  daubed  in  between  with  mud;  the  weather  in  mid- 
December  was  mild  enough  to  make  daubing  possible.  As  Pender^.,— 
jokingly  explained  it,  the  hut  would  be  known  as  "a  popular  house. "(Z^il/ 
Mrs.  Pender  was  instructed  to  bring  sheets,  pillow  cases,  knives,  forks, 
spoons,  a  saltcellar,  half  a  dozen  plates,  three  or  four  cups  and 
saucers,  a  mattress,  one  pillow,  two  or  three  camp  stools,  "&  some  few 
spices."  The  colonel  already  had  blankets,  a  pillow,  three  stools, 
buckets,  a  basin,  mess  chest,  cooking  utensils,  and  some  crockeiy 
candle  sticks:  "You  see  I  am  getting  in  earnest  provided  nothing  turns 
up  to  mar  my  plans  &:  provided  you  will-ieave  the  comforts  of  home, 
for  the  hardships  of  camp  &:  log  huts.ci^me  of  the  officers  were  ex- 
pecting^ieir  wives,  notably  Captain  Scales  and  Lietuenant  Alphonso 
A\erv.QiThe  camp  would  be  "quite  a  little  town"  with  about  100 
hius,  some  700  to  800  men,  women,  children,  horses,  cows,  and  dogs. 
Pender  expressed  the  ^vish  that  "if  the  Yankees  will  let  us  alone  we 
shall  be  so  happy. "(T^y 

By  De^ernber  11  Pender's  hut  was  taking  shape,  although  at  a 
slow  paceiSgIn  December  18  the  regimenLJHOved  into  winter  quarters 
near  its  old  camp  beside  Powell's  Runr-Pender's  hut  was  ready  at 
last,  while  Xfc.  Scales  and  Mrs.  A\ery  had  anived  in  camp  accord- 

ing  to  plai-ff^Hcveryone   seemed   content  with   the   new   camp.   It   was    

good   to  settle   down   in   a    comfortable   place    to   spend   the   \\inter.(Z£^ 
On   December  31    Major  Robert    F.   Webb   ivrote   home,    describing 
the  regiment's  ne^v  home: 

.  .  .  \Ve  have  just  moved  over  to  oin-  new  Quarters  .  .  .  over 
six  hundred  houses  reqiureing  about  four  hiuidred  thousand 
boards.  .  .  .  Some  of  om-  houses  are  ven'  fine  and  tastey 
you  wotdd  be  sinprised  at  the  neatness  of  some  of  them  (.)  Mine 
has  glass  windo^vs  and  pannel  door,  it  is  astonishing  in  a  few 
weeks  a  large  city  has  been  built  with  regular  streets  we  have 
also  built  hospitals,  stores,  commissary  and  Quartermaster  de- 
partments stables  and  every  thing  comfortable  and  neat.  I  feel 
quite  at  home  here  and  have  a  serious  notion  of  bringing  my 
familv  on  to  spend  the  whuer.ffs^ 

Webb  had  t^vo  rooms,  a  parlour  and  sitting  room,  ivith  the  "nec- 
essar\"  kitchen  and  stables.  He  had  a  fine  Christmas  dinner — turkey, 
oysters  and  hog,,-^ine.    Oysters  were   plentiful;    only   two  dollars   a 


gallon,  shuckecKii-^s  Webb  happily  elaborated 

I  ha\e  concluded  a  bachelors  life  is  not  so  bad  after  all. 
You  know  the  old  song  no  wiie  to  scold  or  children  to  bawl 
happy  is  the  man  that  can  go  to  bed  with  his  boots  on  if  he 
choose  get  up  when  he  pleases  take  his  tody  when  he  please  eat 
^\'hen  it  suits  him  smoke  his  pipe  when  it  suits  him  lean  back  in 
his  chair  and  put  his  foot  on  the  table  if  he  choses,  now  this  is 
liberty  in  the  broad  sense.  .  .  -A^D 


50  The  Bloody  Sixth 

This  existence  was  accentuated  by  occasional  nights  on  picket  duty 
in  the  rain  and  days  without  eating.  War  was  a  terrible  thing.  \Vebb 
was  disgT-isted  to  hear  men  "wba,  profess  to  be  gentlemen"  curse  as 
if  they  had  no  breeding  at  aliy^ro^any  of  the  men  in  the  Sixth  were 
"small"  doctors  and  "small"  lawyers  with  some  clerks  "and  all  these 
gentlemens  sons  whose  fathers  are  in  congress  or  some  other  wicked 
place^,^nd  they  are  the  most  corrupt  and  abandoned  men  I  ever 
saw.'vferiien  there  was  the  occasional  sound  of  the  guns  at  Evansport 
and  Cockpit  Point,  reminding  meA  that  there  was  a  war  being  fought, 
just  over  the  horizon  to  the  easii^-The  camp  of  the  Sixth  was  in  "no 
little  excitement"  with  the  news  from  England  over  the  Trent  AfEair;(/ 
but  life,  for  the  most  part,  went  on  as  usual.  The  health  of  the  regi- 
ment was  good,  and  morale  was  high.  Webb  lamented  that  his  \vife 
Amanda  couldn't  be  with  him  during  the  Christmas  season,  the  per- 
ennial soldier's  lament.  CSI^ 

Life  in  winter  quarters  was  extremely  boring.  Besides  the  picket 
duty,  mentioned  by  Webb,  there  were  drills,  snowball  fights,  reading, 
singing,  and  gossiping.  Cock  fights  were  common,  many  roosters 
being  kept  in  the  Confederate  camps.  Card  playing,  sometimes  for 
very  high  stakes,  and  many  practical  jokes  were  enjoyed  by  the  men([ 
Life  was,  however,  severe  in  the  camps  along  the  Occoquan.  One  of 
the  officers  of  the  Sixth,  Captain  William  J.  H.  Durham,  ^\as  forced 
to  leave  for  a  Richmoaid  hospital  "and  then  to  await  the  acceptance 
of  his  resignation. t/i&^rivates  suffered  more  than  the  officers,  some 
because  the  hard  wintep-fif  northern  Virginia  was  more  severe  than 
that  in  North  CarolinaV-^he  dirt  floors  in  their  huts  more  than  off- 
set the  presence  of  "good  Chimnfeys."  Most  of  the  soldiers'  huts  were 
sixteen  and  a  half  feet  by  eleven  feet.  Eight  men  were  quartered  in 
each  hut.  The  huts  were  made  frqpi  pine  logs,  plentiful  in  the  area. 
The  camp  was  protected  by  a  heavy  growth  of  pine  on  the  north  and 
west  sides,  keeping  out  much  of  the  cold  wind.  Still,  its  position  on 
a  hieh^aill  south  of  Powell's  Rim  must  have  made  it  a  very  cold 
placeJ-Colonel  Pender  was  held  in  high  regard  by  most  of  his  men. 
One  of  them  ivrote  to  the  Hillsborough  Recorder  in  early  Januai7, 
1862: 

In  a  word,  I  don't  think  that  the  Colonel  has  an  equal  in 
the  whole  amiy  of  the  Confederacy  holding  the  same  commis- 
sion. As  for  myself,  and  all  who  I  have  heard  speak  of  him,  fear 
greatly  that  he  will  be  promoted,  .  .  .  depriving  us  not  only  of 
an  able,  bold  and  noble  commander,  but  of  a  kind  one  also,  who 
always  seems  to  be  deeply  interested  in  the  Avelfare  of  his  men^ 

The  same  writer  felt  that  it  wasn't  necessary  to  say  much  about  Lieu- 
tenant Colonel  Lightfoot  and  Major  Webb  since  "nearly  all  the 
citizens   of   Orange   are   personally   acquainted   with    them,    at   least 


Camp  Fisher  51 

by  reputation."  Both  of  them  stood  high  in  the  regiment  (according 
to  this  writer)  because  they  were  "agreeable  and  accommodaling," 
most  especially  when  they  were  in  command  of  the  regimentS^^(Dctor 
Peter  A.  Holt,  regimental  surgeon,  was  "a  finished  gentleman  and 
an  accomplished  physician."  He  was  always  at  his  post,  doing  his 
full  duty  "with  the  utmost  care  and  vigilance."  Holt's  assistants,  Dr. 
Collet  and  Henderson,  were  also  "nlre  gentlemen,"  who  were  very 
careful  in  their  attention  to  the  sickvL^rlie  writer  continued: 

Our  Steward,  Dr.  Cun7,  is  always  on  foot  attending  to  every- 
thing that  comes  under  his  charge  with  the  greatest  care.  Great 
credit  is  due  to  our  old  friend  William  Harris  for  the  patriotism 
he  has  shown  in  leaving  his  kind  wife  and  friends  to  attend  to 
the  sufferings  of  our  brave  soldiers.  He  never  seems  to  wear-)'  in 
attending  to  our  sick  boys.  He  takes  the  rounds  evei-y  day,  seeing 
to  all,  that  they  may  not  suffer  for  the  want  of  attention.  He 
speaks  of  returning  home  soon,  but  if  he  does  I  assure  you  he 
ivill  be  greatly  missed,  (fjf) 

There  were  forty  sick  men  in  the  hospital  on  Januai^  1,  eleven 
of  these  from  Orange  County.  Many  of  the  sick  had  fever  and  pneu- 
monia, a  reflection  on  the  wet  winter  conditions  in  camp.  Some  of 
the  sjek,  men  were  sent   to  the   North   Carolina  hospital   at   Peters- 


burgM^Still,  the  spirits  of  everyone  jvjje  high,  and  the  winter  weather 
milder  than  many  had  expectedy-4'ossibly  the  men  were  in  good 
spirits  because  of  the  "lively"  Christmas  celebration  held  in  the  regi- 
mental camp.  Duty  had  been  temporarily  made  easier,  with  no 
ruler  about  "except  King  Alcohol."  (TtJ* 

By  December  31,  the  regiment  mustered  796  men  and  officers,  on 
paper.  Out  of  this  there  were  13S— sick,  38  of  them  on  sick  leave. 
Only  412  privates  were  fit  for  dutylvK^ecause  of  the  fact  that  the  high 
command  was  laboring  under  the  delusiQiM.hat  active  military  opera- 
tions might  be  reopened  at  any  momenfr^nder  began  efforts  to  re- 
cruit reinforcements.  Early  in  December,  and  again  on  December 
15,  Pender  wrote  to  James  G.  Martin,  Nortli..,^Carolina's  adjutant 
general,  requesting  aid  in  jarocuring  recruitiiJjHartin  responded  by 
assuring  the  help  of  the  state  authorities  in  filling  Pender's  ranks. 
The  usual  bounty  of  $15.00  would  be  paid  by  the  state  through  the 
colonel.   However,   Martin   advised   Pender   that. 

The  details  of  reaiiiting  must  necessarily  be  made  under 
the  authority  of  the  Confederate  States,  while  your  Regiment  is 
in  their  service,  and  those  who  come  here  on  that  duty  will 
receive  every  assistance,  and  transportation  for  the  men  re- 
cruited.(7T~^ 


Although  Martin  happily  sent  a  commission   for  Lieut&rant   Louis 
H.  Rotherick,  who  had  been  recommended  bv  Pender>-'me  latter's 


52  The  Bloody  Sixth 

request  for  additional  companies  of  troops  to  be  added  to  the  ten 
existing  companies  of  the  regiment  was  refused.    Martin  wrote: 

The  laws  of  this  State  authorize  only  ten  companies  to  a 
Regiment,  and  the  Governor  will  not  permit  additional  com- 
panies to  be  added  to  any  Regiment;  every  Regiment  within  the 
limits  of  this  State  that  had  more  than  ten  companies,  were 
reduced  to  the  legal  organization,  the  same  would  have  been 
done  with  those  in  Virginia,  had  there  been  anyway  in  which 
it  coidd  be  done  \\ithout  injm-y  to  the  Service. (7^ 

Pender  might  fill  his  ranks  ^vith  recruits  from  the  Third  North 
Carolina  Volunteers,  his  old  regiment,  when  that  regiment  was  dis- 
banded. Also,  automatic  commissions  would  be  given  to  men  who 
brought  Pender  recruits  and  received  his  recommendation,  if  there 
were  "any  vacant  offices"  available.  More  than  this  the  state  au- 
thorities would  not  or  could  not  do.  (\^ 


VI 


The  Regiment  Leaves  For  Richmond 


']]'(■   hcwe   been   expecting   to   move  every  day   for  a   week.    .    .   . 
I  hope  we  will  leave  here  soon." 

\\'ULiAM  DoRSl;^   Pi;nder  to  his  wife,  March  6,  1862. 


The  general  military  situation  along  the  Occoquan  during  the 
winter  of  1861-1862  consisted  of  small  skirmishes  and  numerous  in- 
cursions and  alarums.  A  detachment  of  the  enemy  was  defeated  by 
cavali-y  under  Wade  Hampton  on  December  18.  The  Union  force 
was  driven  back  across  the  river  and  \\oidd  have  been  destroyed  if 
the  Confederate  infantry  had  come  up  in  timeCtHampton  was  anxious 
to  try  those  fellows  again"  if  he  had  the  proper  number  of  troops 
to  send  against  them.  On  the  19th,  a  Union  force  of  200  infantry, 
100  cavah7,  and  2  guns  maneuvered  north  of  the  Occoquan,  pos- 
sibly to  hue  Hampton  into  affecting  a  crossing.  The  Confederate 
cavaln'  did  cross,  driving  the  Union  forces  beyond  Bacon  Race 
Church,  but  the  object  of  the  Union  Army  had  been  accomplished. 
The  Confederates,  especially  the  nervous  Whiting,  had  been  kept  in 
a  constant  uproar  and  state  of  alarun>?'Hampton,  energetic  as  usual, 
was  anxious  to  bring  the  enemy  to  battle;  "There  is  no  chance  of  a 
fight  here,  so  Ave  will  have  to  look  up  one."^ 

Whiting  shared  Hampton's  desire  to  move  against  the  enemy; 
Hampton  must  reconnoitre  the  Telegraph  Road  as  far  to  the  north 
as  possible  and  find  out  the  enemy's  intentions.  The  Union  forces 
must  not  be  allowed  to  make  a  sudden  crossing  of  the  Occoquan  at 
Union  Mills  or  Wolf  Run  Shoals  and  drive  a  wedge  between  John- 
ston's force  at  Manassas  and  Whiting.^  As  Johnston  said,  "We  must 
be  prepared  for  all  contingencies. "QjOii  December  28  Whiting  is- 
sued orders  calling  for  constant  vigilance  and  preparations  to  make 
an  immediate  advance  "at  a  moment's  notice  towards  the  enemy." 
Passes  and  fin-lourfis  were  temporarily  suspended,  except  in  cases 
of  ingent  necessitylS^pecial  Orders  Number  2,  issued  on  January  3, 

53 


54  The  Bloody  Sixth 

authorized  Captain  Scales,  Quartermaster  of  the  Sixth,  to  purchase — 
or  press — hay  for  the  regimental  mules  and  horses  in  Stafford  and 
Fauquier  Counties®An  immediate  move  was  expected  "and  this  com- 
mand must  be  ready  to  meet  it.'(^ 

The  Sixth  was  holding  itself  in  readiness  to  march,  rations  had 
been  cooked,  but  "We  have  had  such  orders  so  often  that  we  don't 
expect  a  fight  hardly  at  all."  However,  if  the  enemy  came,  the  regi- 
ment would  be  prepared  to  "go  at  any  moment. '(1/Nevertheless,  the 
scare  eventually  died  down,  even  though  orders  fle^v  from  Whiting's 
headquarters  throughout  most  of  January .QJ 

On  January  30  some  members  of  Hood's  Texas  brigade  dis- 
tinguished themselves  before  the  whole  division.  Eight  of  the  Texans 
were  sleeping  in  a  house  at  Colchester  on  the  north  bank  of  the  Oc- 
coquan  Vi^hen  they  were  roused  from  their  beds  by  a  "nimierous 
scouting  party"  of  the  enemy  and  ordered  to  surrender.  The  Texans 
made  a  fight  of  it,  beating  off  the  enemy  with  some  loss.  The  size  of 
the  Union  force  was  estimated  to  be  eighty  supported  by  cavalry, 
probably  greatly  exaggerated.(i2\'Vhiting  used  this  exploit  to  instill 
enthusiasm  into  the  other  regiments  of  his  division.  He  stated, 

Such  conduct  deserves  praise  &  invites  emidation  and  is 
worthy  of  the  successors  of  those  men  who  many  years  ago  gal- 
lantly defended  their  cause  at  the  Alamo  &  San  Jacinto  against 
an  enemy  as  superior  in  nimibers  as  cowardly  &  as  treacherous.^ 

Violence  of  another  sort  occurred  at  Camp  Fisher  in  early  Janu- 
ary. Two  privates  in  the  Sixth,  Mark  \Vimbly  and  F.  I.  Hudson, 
were  engaged  in  a  bloody  fight.  Wimbly  stabbed  Hudson  with  a  knife 
in  front  of  the  latter's  left  hip.  The  wound  was  two  or  three  inches 
deep  and  "bled  powerfid."  For  a  time  it  was  believed  that  Hudson 
would  die,  but  by  mid-January  his  improvement  was  evident.  Wimbly 
was  immediately  placed  in  the  guard  house.  (j2) 

In  mid-January  there  was  heavy  firing  down  on  the  Potomac  at 
Evansporu  which  resulted  in  the  Confederate  capture  of  a  small 
schooneiW)n  January  19,  a  cold  rain  fell;  however,  the.  snow  which 
had  fallen  in  December  and  early  Januai7  had  melteciyiThe  weather 
was  the  cause  of  still  more  cases  of  pneumonia  among  the  men.(ji' 

At  this  time  there  were  many  leaves  of  absence  and  replacements 
among  the  regimental  officers.  Captain  S.  S.  Kirkland  of  Company 
A  became  so  ill  that  he  was  forced  to  apply  for,  and  receive,  a  sixty- 
day  leave  of  absence  upon  the  presentation  of  a  surgeon's  certificate.( 
Doctor  Holt  was  granted  a  five-day  leave^f  absence  to  go  to  Richmond 
"on  business  connected  with  his  Dept.'^Iajor  Webb  asked  for  leave 
to  go  to  North  Carolina  and  visit  his  wife  and  "three  small  children."( 
Lieutenant  Joseph  S.  Vincent  of  Company  K  was  granted  a  thirty-day 
leave  of  absence  upon  presentation  of  a  surgeon's  certificate.lOTender 


The  Regiment  Leaves  for  Richmond  55 

liad  finally  been  able  to  replace  Captain  William  H.  J.  Durham  of 
Company  H  with  Judge  Thomas  Ruffin,  Jr.,  of  Graham.  Ruffin's 
commission^Tivert  in  Camp  Fisher  on  January  14,  much  to  Pender's 
satisfactioiv^Governor    Clark    ^vrote    Ruflin,    notifying    him    of    his 


ao: 


pointment: 

I  think  you  are  as  fully  capable  of  being  a  soldier  as  a  Judge, 
and  you  may  now  choose  bet^\'een  the  two — and  your  career  in 
either  ^vill  be  most  honorable  and  usefid.  .  .  .(^} 

Pender  also  received  commissions  for  two  other  officers:  Captain 
Jerry  A.  Lea  and  Lieutenant  Monroe  Oliver.  These  commissions  ar- 
rived at  regimental  headquarters  on  FebruaiT  3.  (^ 

As  February  progiessed  the  leaves  of  absence  continued  among 
the  regimental  officers.  On  the  7th,  Assistant  Surgeon  W.  A.  Collett 
was  oranted  a  leave  of  thirty  davs  to  visit  "his  home  in  the  State 
of  North  Carolina. 'CiJSecond  Lieutenant  J^---7T-  Roseborough  was 
given  a  leave  of  seven  days  on  February  20;wliile  Lieutenant  Colo- 
nel Lightfootsivas  allowed  an  absence  of  foin-  clays  to  visit  Culpeper 
on  the  24tliiS.ieutenant  Evans  Turner  was  given  a  thirty-dav^ave 
for  disability  under  a  surgeon's  certificate,  also  on  the  24th.e^ven 
Colonel  Pender  was  given  a  leave  of  seven  davs,  on  Februan'  15, 
to  visit  Richmond.  The  divisional  quartermaster  ^\'as  ordered  to 
furnish  transportation  for  the  colonel  on  the  same  day.  (^ 

While  in  Richmond,  Pender  received  an  interesting  piece  of  in- 
formation. He  heard,  mainly  through  a  rumour  circtdated  in  the 
lobby  of  the  hotel  where  General  Joseph  E.  Johnston  (commander  of 
the  Confederate  Army  of  the  Potomac)  was  staying,  that  the  Confed- 
erate Cabinet  was  planning  to  ^rithdraw  tlie  anny  from  jManassasNsaie 
asked  the  startled  Johnston  if  this  fact  were  not  so;  the  latter's  an- 
swer is  not  recordeci!^\4iile  he  A\as  in  the  Confederate  capital,  Pf^ler 
stayed  ^vith  his  good  friend  of  West  Point  days,  Curtis  Lee.?SThe 
young  Xorth  Carolinian  was  espeeially  pleased  that  Curtis'  sister 
Mars  inquired  about  Mrs.  Pender !2i'Miss  Lee  expres^d  great  regret 
"that  she  had  not  known  that  you  w'ere  in  town.'^Ss^Vhen  Pender 
arrived  back  at  Camp  Fisher  he  found  everything  was  normal,  ex- 
cept for  the  interesting  fact  that  "Col.  Lightfe»t  had  an  attack  of 
apoplexy  in  my  absence  &  came  near  dying.'G^ender,  although  he 
was  a  man  of  gentle  feelings,  could  not  have  been  too  sympathetic 
for  an  officer  ^vho  had  been  so  detrimental  to  his  management  of 
the  regiment. 

Although  not  much  has  been  said  about  regimental  supply  during 
the  winter  of  1861-1862,  much  of  importance  was  being  accomplished. 
During  the  first  quarter  of  1862,  Captain  Scales  procured  forty-eight 
jj<  jackets,  forty-eight  pairs  of  pants,  /efsven  pairs  of  shoes,  and  forty- 
ja  eight  pairs  of  socks  for  Company  FSs^ompanies  A,  B,  C,  D,  I,  and  K 


56  The  Bloody  Sixth 

■were  supplied  with  large  amounts  of  ordnance  equipment  during  the 
fall  of  1861.  This  included  rifled  muskets,  smoothbore  muskets,  car- 
tridge boxes,  cartridge  box  belts,  cartridges,  musket  wipers,  ball 
screws  (for  removing  unfired  cartridges  from  the  gun  barrels) ,  bn>wiet 
scabbards,  waist  belt  plates.  Sharp's  rifles,  and  musket  conesS^^he 
amoiuiu-af  this  equipment,  although  too  detailed  to  record,  was  im- 
pressivs^SCaptain  Isaac  Avery's  CompaHA'  E  received  fifty  caps  and 
eighty-one  pairs  of  pants  on  January  2!:>l^he  men  were  also  equipped 
through  contributions  of  soldiers'  aid  societies  in  North  Carolina. 
Captain  William  K.  Parrish's  Company  B  received  fifty  shirts,  a  pair 
of  blankets  and  a  large  ajjKlunt  of  smoking  tobacco  from  the  Soldiers' 
Aid  Society  of  Hillsboro^*arrish  thanked  the  -svomen  with  fond  re- 
marks: 

These  were  timely  presents,  and  fdl  oin-  hearts  with  gratitude 
to  be  thus  remembered  by  our  fair  friends  at  home.  Can  any 
soldier  whose  heart  beats  under  one  of  these  shirts,  refuse  to 
fight  for  his  coimtry  and  his  home?  ^9) 

Captain  William  J.  Freeland's  Company  C  received  many  socks, 
pants,  cotton  shirts,  a  few  comforts,  gloves,  hats,  boots,  wool,  pepper, 
and  some  money  from  the  same  source.  Freeland  thanked  his  Hills- 
boro  friends  for  the  gifts  which  "fire  oiu^  zeal  for  the  cause  we 
have  espoused. "(^ 

By  the  end  of  February  the  regiment,  now  numbering  401  pri- 
vates fit  f0i%duty  with  104  on  the  sick  list,  knew  that  something  was 
in  the  aiAitOne  indication  of  what  was  to  come  was  given  when  Gen- 
eral Whiting  ordered  all  regimental  officers  in  the  Third  Brigade  to 
requisition  haversacks  for  their  men.tbAnother  indication  of  coming 
action  was  the  order  for  a  general  musteivaiid  inspection  of  all  troops 
in  Whiting's  division  on  February  27':^^n  the  28th,  regimental 
commanders  were  instructed  to  place  their  units  in  marching  order; 
passes  would  not  be  granted;  ammunition,  spare  arms,  and  cooking 
implements  were  to  be  provided.  Th&~rnen  were  ordered  to  prepare  I  i 
baggage  to  be  canied  on  their  persons-XA^U  of  the  women  in  the  Sixth  it 
had  left,  except  Mi*.  Scales,  "Sc  even  she  is  going  as  soon  as  the 
ambulance  returns. 'x^s  Pender  related. 

We  are  upon  the  brink  of  something.  .  .  .  Danger  always 
looks  more  dangerous  in  the  imagination  than  in  reality./^ 


There  was  a  flurry  of  activity  in  the  camps  along  Powell's  Run 
and  the  Occoquan  as  preparations  for  the  movement  were  advanced. 
Lieutenant  Louis  Rothrock  of  the  Sixth  was  sent  to  Fredericksburg 
to  attend  to  thirty  sick  men  belonging  to  the  regimentc2Captain 
Avery  was  detailed  to  "a  board  of  survey"  to  examine  damaged  prop- 


The  Regiment  Leaves  for  Richmond  57 

erty  belonging  to  Light  Battery  D  of  the  Third  BrigadeS-^he  ex- 
pected movement  was  fixed  for  Saturday,  March  8:  the  exact  t+jne 
was  a  secret  shared  only  by  Generals  Johnston  and  WhitingsSOn 
Mardi  7  orders  were  given  to  pack  the  regimental  wagons.  Each 
team  would  carry  a  small  supply  of  forage,  if  any  were  available. 
Three  days's  provisions  would  be  cooked  during  the  night  of  March  7 
and  distributed  to  the  men.  The,  maintenance  of  silence  and  order 
during  the  night  was  essentialsQOrders  for  the  actual  march  were 
explicit: 

At  daylight  in  the  morning  the  trains  ^\ill  start  the  Brigade 
train  leacling  all  accompanied  by  the  train  guards  &  the  sick  if 
any  under  an  officer.  Ammunition  ^vagons  will  remain  ;\ith 
their  regiments.  On  march  all  officers  are  emphatically  ordered 
to  preserve  the  formation  of  ranks  and  prevent  straggling.  Colo- 
nels w'\\\  frequently  allow  their  regiments  to  file  past  them  to 
see  they  are  well  closed  &  will  direct  their  field  &:  staff  to  give 
their  whole  attention  to  the  march.  (^ 

Brigade  commanders  would  order  the  necessai-y  halts,  the  regimental 
colors  -^vould  be  carried.  @ 
On  March  7  Pender  ^vrote, 

.  .  .  our  long  looked  for  orders  to  mo\e  are  out.  My  surmises 
to  the  point  were  correct.  Our  -(vaggons  go  in  a  few  hours.  \Ve 
shall  not  leave  to  night.  I  cannot  help  but  think  it  will  be  better 
for  us  in  the  end,  as  we  shall  gain  time  enough  to  get  our  Regts. 
filled  up.  I  shall  try  to  oet  to  Richmond  as  soon  after  we  settle 
down  as  possible.  ^ 

The  destination  \\'as  Fredericksburg  on  the  Rappahannock  Ri\er, 
twenty  miles  closer  to  Richmond.  As  the  regiment  prepared  to  leave, 
the  huts  at  Camp  Fisher  -ivhich  had  sheltered  them  throughout  the 
winter  werfi-Jjurned.    The  roof,  doors,  and  floors  ^vere  consinned  bv 


the  flames>3^\s   the  men   filed   down   the   muddy  road,    the   air  was 


cool  and  bracing.  Gentle  clouds  drifted  over  the  horizon,  partially 
concealing  the  sun.  On  the  9th,  the  Sixth  marched  fifteen  miles, 
arriving  at  their  final  destination.  Camp  Bartow,  on  the  afternoon 
of  March  10  at  3  o'clock^-^farch  11,  1862  found  the  men  busily 
cleaning  camp  streets  and  striking  tents.  The  warm  sunshine  Avas  a 
brilliant  contrast  to  the  mud  and  rain  of  the  retreat.'23'ndeed,  there 
was  mtich  criticism  directed  at  General  Whiting  by  President  Davis, 
SecretaiT  of  War  Judah  P.  Benjamin,  and  other  members  of  the  gov- 
ernment for  the  way  the  retreat  of  his  division  was  managed.  Lhi- 
official  reports  had  reached  Davis  that  tents  -ivere  needlessly  binned, 
ammunition  destroyed,  and  much  government  property  abandoRetl. 
An   explanation   was   called   for   and   was   not   long   in   coming.  CPLn 


58  The  Bloody  Sixth 

angiy  Whiting  replied  to  these  charges  by  describing  in  detail  the 
disposition  of  his  division  for  the  defense  oL^the  Occoqiian,  and 
then  defended  himself  against  the  accusations^^ke  emphatically  de- 
fended the  role  of  the  Third  Brigade,  which  was  under  his  immediate 
supervision: 

.  .  .  not  a  cartridge  was  abandoned  or  destroyed,  nor  any 
public  property  \vhatever,  except  a  few  worn-out  tents  and  8 
condemned  ivagons,  ■(vithout  animals  to  haul  them.  It  should  i 
be  observed  that  the  tents  of  the  Third  Brigade,  their  own 
property,  brought  with  them  to  Harper's  Ferry  and  in  use  from 
there  to  Dumfries,  had  been  condemned  as  entirely  worn-out 
some  months  before,  on  the  troops  getting  hutted,  and  no  requi- 
sition for  new  ones  had  been  made  on  the  Quartermaster's  De- 
partment. A  few  of  the  best  ^vere  brought,  together  ^\ith  the 
entire  quartennaster's  stores,  tools,  &c.  Most  of  the  regiments 
also  succeeded  in  getting  off  a  large  amount  of  private  baggage. 
A  portion  was  distributed  and  concealed,  with  a  view  to  recovery, 
at  farms  in  the  rear,  and  a  portion  given  to  poor  and  loyal  people 
in  the  vicinity.  (^ 

Whiting  was  in  difficulty  because  most  of  the  military^quipment 
in  the  other  brigades  had  been  successfully  carried  away.^-The  prob- 
able reason  for  the  uproar  against  ^Vhiting  and,  indirectly,  the  Sixth 
Regiment,  was  Johnston's  rapid  withdrawal  from  his  advanced  po- 
sitions at  Manassas  and  on  the  line  of  the  Occoquan.  It  is  evident 
that  Johnston  wished  to  be  in  close  supporting  distance  of  Whiting, 
and  within  easier  reaclv-sf  Richmond  and  the  peninsula  between  the 
James  and  York  Riverslsil  he  Union  forces  Tvere  at  Cedar  Run,  tivelve 
miles  from  Rappahannock  Bridge,  too  close  for  comfort  if  the  Con- 
federate forces  were  widely  separated.  Johnston  was  preparing  to 
cross  the  Rappahannock  lo  support  Whiting,  if  the  enemy  advanced 
towards  Fredericksbing.(^ 

Regardless  of  the  reason  for  the  inqiui"^',  Whiting  was  indignant 
that  his  troops  were  "the  subject  of  such  reports."  He  felt  that  he 
and  his  men  had  been  maliciously  slandered  and  demanded  justice 
from  President  Davis.  Whiting  felt  that  "in  justice  to  the  officers  and 
men  I  may  say  .  .  .  that  the  COU1U17  and  the  cause  have  reason  to 
congratulate  itself  on  the  army."(^ 

Shortly  before  the  regiment  left  Camp  Fisher,  Major  ^Vebb  re- 
tiuned  from  a  thirty-day  leave  in  North  Carolina.  Webb  had  been  to 
Orange  County  and  had  been  asked  many  questions  about  the  regi- 
ment, and  about  Colonel  Pender  in  particular.  He  had  been  treated 
like  a  hero.  Parties  were  given  in  his  honor,  with  wreaths  depicting 
President  Davis  on  one  side  and  Webb's  name  on  the  other.  The 
major  had  gained  tAvent)v-Roimds  on  this  admirable  duty,  and  seemed 
to  greatly  enjoy  himself.^Ske  brought  back  interesting  reports  about 


The  Regiment  Leaves  for  Richmond  59 

Colonel  Lightfoot.  Listening  eagerly  to  these  statements  about  his 
"bitter  enemy,"  Pender  wrote, 

Maj.  Webb  says  that  the  Colonel  (Lightfoot)  is  completely 
dead  around  Hillsboro  when  he  used  to  have  a  great  (many) 
friends  &  admirers.  What  weight  to  attach  to  the  Major's  state- 
ment I  neither  know  nor  care.  I  feel  confident  that  the  colonel 
can  neither  do  me  much  harm  here  nor  in  N.  C.  But  my  own 
conscience  is  my  strongest  supporter.  If  I  have  treated  him  un- 
justly it  has  not  been  iiuentionalh .  (^ 

Webb  also  reported  a  rumor  that  Lieutenant  Evans  Turner  of  Com- 
pany C  ^vould  soon  be  elected  captain  of  a  company  being  raised 
by  his  supporters  in  Hillsboro.  Pender  had  no  objection  to  Turner's 
leaving  the_,^Sixth,  especially  since  he  was  a  strong  supporter  of 
Lightfoot.  OS 

One  of  the  most  importaiu  problems  to  face  the  regiment  during 
the  bleak  winter  and  early  spring  of  1862  was  the  matter  of  recruit- 
ing. Many  of  the  >«en  on  duty  were  homesick  with  a  "crazy  desire 
.  .  .  to  get  home.'^^^his  feeling  was  deplored  by  the  energetic  and 
ambitious  Gender,  a  sentiment  which  was  supix)rted  by  many  of  the 
other  menS^An  effort  to  recruit  more  men  to  fill  uj>^aps  in  the 
ranks  caused  by  sickness  had  been  made  in  December,Mnow  a  more 
ambitious  effort  would  be  made.  On  Febniary  8,  Pender  \\TOte  to 
the  adjutant  general's  office  in  Raleigh  requesting  assistance  in  re- 
cruiting troops.  Me  accused  the  adjutant  general  of  refusing  men 
for  his  regimenti23ii  reply  the  assistant  adjutant  general,  A.  Gordon, 
had  ^vritten: 

There  is  no  foundation  for  the  re{X>rt  that  reached  you  in 
regard  to  men  being  refused  for  your  Regiment,  but  you  can 
readily  perceive  that  other  recruiting  officers  will  avail  them- 
selves of  every  means  to  secure  men,  and  if  circulating  such  re- 
liorts  irill  aid  them,  thev  \vill  no  doubt  do  it.  (7/} 


Nevertheless,  Gordon  promised  to  assistPender's  recruiting  parties 
whenever  they  came  to  North  CarolinaCSpender  was  confident  that 
his  recruiting  officers  \\'ouM  get  enough  men  to  fill  the  ranks  "for 
all  practicable  purposes. '^SA  group  of  recruits  was  procured  in  Mc- 
Dowell County,  collected  maiHly  through  the  efforts  of  Lieutenant 
John  Carson  of  Company  D.^^SAssistant  Surgeon  Henderson  ivas  able 
to  bring  more  men  into  camp  when  he  went  to  the  Richmond  and 
Petersburg  hospitals  at  the  end  ©£.March  to  collect  "all  men  fit  for 
duty"  belonging  to  the  regimen f22'rhrough  these  means  Pender  was 
able  to  collect  a  total  of  650  j3ri\ates  ready  for  duty  by  March  31. 
The  young  colonel  was  jubilant  over  his  success.    He  Avrote, 


60  The  Bloody  Sixth 

.  .  .  when  we  get  them  trained  &  set-iip,  wont  I  be  proud  of 
my  Regt.  I  would  be  tempted  to  do  as  Col.  Pettigrew,  &  refuse 
promotion,  nj^ 

The  camp  of  the  Sixth  was  delightfully  situated,  on  the  soiuh 
side  of  the  Rappahannock  River  two  imles  west  of  Fredericksburg, 
"abotit  the  right  distance  from  Town.''^4"he  only  drawback  was  the 
presence  of  the  Eleventh  Mississippi  Regiment  that  was  camped  too 
close  to  the  Sixth  for  quiet.  Even  relations  with  the  normally-hostile 
Lightfoot  were  cordial.  As  Pender  said,  "He  works  &  voluivt«ers  to 
do,  on  all  occasions.  I  hope  he  has  determined  to  do  better.'fs*'ender 
himself  was  comfortable  in  his  new  quarters;  there  were  no  sick 
men  in  the  regimental  hospital,  and  the  men,  thanks  to  the  young 
colonel's  firmly  benevolent  tactics,  were  more  amenable  to  military 
life.  His  only  problem  was  a  persistent  cold  which  kept  him  from 
drillins;  his  men.  He  had  some  success  in  curina:  his  illness  \\'\\\\ 
liberal  doses  of  castor  oil.  Probably  the  persistent  rain  and  clotidy 
weather  aggravated  his  lingering  hoarseness,  (s^ 

On  March  17  Lieutenant  Colonel  Lightfoot  was  assigned  to  the 
command  of  the  Fifth  Battalion  ,\labama  Volunteers  which  was 
their  attached  to  the  Third  BrigadeSPender  had  hopes  that  Light- 
foot's  transfer  would  be  permanent  "altho'  we  have  gotten  along  very 
well  lately."  Things  were  shaping  up  along  the  Rappahannock,  re- 
cruits were  comiim^in,  and  there  were  prospects  of  an  early  resump- 
tion of  hostilities^^ender  was  anxious  for  the  Sixth  to  do  well  when 
he  led  them  into  battle.  His  fears  were  eloquently  expressed  when 
he  -ivrote. 


...  I  hope  my  Regt  will  do  well  \vhen  Ave  may  get  into  a 
fight.  N.  C.  troops  stand  so  low  in  that  way,  but  f  believe  it  is 
because  they  have  been  so  badly  handled.  I  can  manage  my  men 
in  camp,  on  the  march,  &  at  drill,  but  it  remains  to  be  seen  how 
I  can  manage  them  on  the  field.  They  all  seem  to  have  thg, 
utmost  confidence  in  me  8:  1  hope  I  shall  not  disappoint  them.(^ 

Pender  felt  that  if  he  could  "live  twelve  months"  he  -ivould  defi- 
nitely be  promoted.  All  he  needed  was  a  chance  to  prove  that  he 
was  made  of  "the  right  material."  He  felt  that  he  \vould  already  be 
a  general  officer  if  he  only  had  political  influence.  His  opportunity 
would  have  to  come  on  the  battlefield.    He  would  take  his  chances.! 

The  usual  military  events  occupied  the  attention  of  the  men 
during  the  remainder  of  March.  Sergeant  Smith,  quartermaster  ser- 
geant of  the  regiment,  was  ordered  to  Richmond  0n  the  15th.  His 
mission  Avas  to  procure  a  lot  of  government  midesSfLieutenant  Ben- 
jamin R.  Smith  of  Company  G  ^vas  granted  a  t^venty-day  furlough  on 
surgeon's   certificate   of   disability   on    the    IGth.^^Second   Lieutenants 


The  Regiment  Leaves  for  Richmond  61 

George  N.  Albright  o£  Company  F  and  Samuel  J.  Crawford  of  Com- 
pany K  -ivere  both  given  four-day  leaves  on  the  24th  to  go  to^ich- 
mond.  This  last  assignment  Avas  for  reasons  other  than  illnes?S^ur- 
geon  Holt  and  Train  Master  Skeen  were  orderecL-to  Bowling  Green 
to  testify  at  a  court-martial  on  the  18th  and  24th\^Three  men  from 
the  Sixth  were  detailed  to  report  to  Divisional  Surgeon  J.  E.  Herndon 
at  Fredericksburg  "to  act  as  nurses  in  the  drdsion  hospital  under  the 
charge  of  asst.  surgeon  H.  B.  Christian. '(^'inally,  on  March  17, 
Pender  himself  was  given  permission  to  go  to  Richmond  on  regi- 
mental-ordnance business.  He  succeeded  in  getting  only  half  the 
weapons  that  he  wanted,  but  the  number  procured  Avas  impressive.  (29 
Captain  Avery's  company  was  issued  eleven  percussion  muskets,  eleven 
cartridge  boxes,  seventeen  cartridge  box  belts,  eleven  cap  pouches, 
eleven  bayonet  scabbards,  anci-eleven  waist  belts  on  March  22,  chiefly 
as  a  result  of  Pender's  efforts®Qumerous  other  articles  were  issued  to 
the  troops  during  the  month  of  March.  These  included  the  usual 
items  of  military  clothing:  pants;  over  coats;  shoes;  socks;  drawers; 
shirts;  caps;  etc.  Other  ec|uipment  issued  included  haversacks,  can- 
teens, axes,  blankets  and  tents.  The  Confederate  government  was 
doing  its  best  to  keep  the  men  properly  supplied,  and  seemed  to 
be  succeeding.  (^ 

By  March  21  Pender  had  entirely  recovered  from  his  sore  throat, 
but  still  had  a  cold.  He  was  troubled  by  the  fact  that  Major  ^V'ebb 
and  Doctor  Holt  insisted  in  sharing  their  mess  with  him.  As  Pender 
put  it, 

I  like  the  doctor  less  every  day,  as  I  see  his  character  devel- 

ope.   He  tried  to  put  on  some  airs  the  other  day  in  consequence 

of   the   position  he   thinks   he   occupies   above,    but   I    told    him 

-         plainly  if  he  had  any  such  views  to  cari-y  out,  that  I  wanted  him 

ie«  to  resign  &  make  way  for  some  one  else.  ^^ 

o« 

Pender's  opinion  of  the  doctor  was  not  enhanced  by  the  latter's  al- 
leged insults  to  Captain  Lea's  wife.  Webb,  also,  was  beginning  to 
fatigue  Pender:  "I  shoi-rkl  hate  very  much  to  leave  the  regt.  in  the 
hands  of  Maj.  Webb.'(2iAt  times  Pender's  only  happiness  was  to  be 
found  in  attending  church  and  associating  with  the  local  inhabi- 
tants, who,  on  the  whole,  were  "not  hospitable  to  strangers. "(9^ 

'"!  A   grand   review    was   held    by    General    Whiting    on    March    25. 

Eight  regiments  were  represented,  the  Sixth  being  the  largest  \vith 
500  men  in  its  marching  ranks.  ^Vlliting  was  so  pleased  with  the  ap- 
pearance of  the  regiment  that  he  rode  up  after  the  ceremony  and 
personally  complimented  Pender  on  the  appearance  of  his  men.  (_ 
This  triiunph  ^vas  repeated  at  another  revie^\'  held  on  April  3 
at  which  the  regiment  was  rexiewed  by  General  Gustavus  Smith  and 
one  of  General  Johnston's  staff.    Pender  proudly  wrote,  "It  has  the 


62  The  Bloody  Sixth 

reputation  of  being  about  tbe  best  in  the  sel■^•ice  now  if  we  can  only 
maintain  our  reputation  in  battle. 'Whese  minor  successes  only  stimu- 
lated Pender  towards  his  first  experience  in  combat  at  the  head  of  his 
men.  Although  he  felt  "quite  nervous"  about  the  prospects  of  a  battle, 
he  was  confident  in  the  fighting  aljility  xif  his  men  and  wished  for  an 
opportiniity  to  prove  them  under  fireOsfcamp  living  was  tiring;  the 
routine  problems  oLaunp  life  were  becoming  boresome  to  the  young, 
ambitious  colonel.  (2J^ 

Possibly  some  of  Pender's  fatigue  ^vas  occasioned  by  the  continuous 
sufferine  and  destitution  of  his  men  and  their  families.   On  one  occa- 

O 

sion  the  wife  of  one  of  his  men  came  from  Alamance  County  to  see 
her  sick  husband.  The  \\oman  had  spent  her  last  cent  to  get  to 
Fredericksburg.  When  she  arrived  she  found  that  her  husband  had 
died  and  been  buried  several  days  before.  In  despair  she  had  walked 
the  two  miles  to  Camp  Bartow,  through  the  rain  and  mud,  ^Q-A^e 
his  captain.  Pender  was  heartsick  when  he  learned  of  her  plighf^-^e 
wrote, 

I  sent  her  back  in  the  ambulance  &  gave  her  .S5.  I  know  I 
should  spend  it  better  that  way  than  any  other.  She  had  a  fe- 
male friend  to  come  on  with  her.  I  should  have  gone  to  see 
her,  but  I  am  a  poor  comforter.  Wasnt  her  case  a  hard  one.  (joj) 

And  then  he  -svrote,  as  if  in  prophecy,  "Many  is  the  poor  heart  that 
will  be  broken  by  this  war."(i£^ 

As  March  dre^v  to  a  close  there  was  talk  of  another  move;  the 
destination  was  still  a  profound  mystery.  It  was  thought  that  the 
enemy  had  departed  from  the  line  of  the  Rappahannock  for  York- 
town  and  the  Virginia  Peninsula.  A  supreme  confidence  seemed  to  ; 
enervate_the  regiment;  Pender  felt  that  the  Sixth  was  "a  match  for  | 
them.'^2^  April  7  it  was  known.  The  destination  of  the  regiment, 
and  of  the  entire  Third  Brigade,  would  be  Yorktown  where  General 
George  B.  McClellan  seemed  to  be  starting  another  "on  to  Rich- 
mond" campaign.  Au^rOi)  A.M.  on  the  8th,  the  regiment  was  up  and 
preparing  to  march—Tne  peninsula  and  adventure  lay  ahead.  The 
war,  the  real  fighting,  was  about  to  start.  All  the  months  of  prepara- 
tion were  behind  them.  The  regiment  was  soon  to  be  placed  in  com- 
bat, \\-herein  lay  all  Pender's  hopes  and  ambitions. 


VII 


In  the  Peninsula 


"I'Ve  marched  from  Ricltmond,  reaching  the  immediate  vicinity 
of  the  enemy  about  5  p.m..  iclien  I  was  at  once  ordered  to  move  my 
regiment  fonvard  and  to  drive  the  enemy  before  me." 

WiLLiANr  DoRsi  V  Pender  to  James  G.  Martin,  June  6.  1862. 


The  morning  of  the  8th  of  April  was  cool  and  wet.  Rain  was 
falling  in  torrents  as  the  regiment  marched  do^\-n  the  road  to^vards 
Ashland.  As  the  men  came  to  streams,  they  waded  through,  marching 
on  in  the  wind  and  raiiiWCamp  was  made  on  the  night  of  the  8th,  and 
the  march  continued  the  next  morning.  The  \\eather  ^vas  still  u-et  as 
the  men  marched  through  Bowling  Green  at  3  o'clock  in  the  after- 
noon and  proceeded  to  the  railroad  depot  belo\v  the  toivn  Jlere  they 
were  loaded  into  box  cars  and  canied  down  to  Ashland.^^^he  men 
were  in  Ashland  only  a  day  and  a  half  when  they  were  marched 
into  some  woods  about  a  mile  from  town  where  they  pitched  their 
tents.l-^They  had  taken  these  hardships  "manfully  ...  &  thus  far 
have  apj>eared  to  suffer  no  ill  effects."  They  ivere  again  complimented 
by  General  ^V'hiting  on  the  morning  of  the  10th  for  their  behavior 
during  the  march,  especially  the  maintenance  of  their  regimental 
organizatiton.  Pender  was  recoinmended  for  promotion  because  of 
his  success  with  his  regiment.*ifcT)uring  the  march  he  had  slept  on 
the  ground  and  gone  ivithout  supper  just  like  his  men,  "but  feel  as 
well  this  morning  as  ever."  He  was  determined  to  be  a  good  officer, 
both  to  his  regiment  and  to  his  superior  officers.® 

While  the  regiment  was  in  Ashland  it  was  called  upon  to  furnish 
a  guard  for  the  railroad  depot.  The  duty  of  the  guard  was  to  control 
the  passage  of  "any  officer  or  soldiei^  .  .  ■\\-ithout  a  written  leave 
of  absence  from  Brig.  Genl.  AVhiting.^s-On  the  morning  of  the  11th, 
the  regiment  was  assembled  and  paraded  in  a  general  inspection; 
the  time  for  this  event  ivas  4:00  A.M.!  Arms  and  accoutrements  were 
carefully  checked,  "especially  the  cartridge  hoxes.'tZ'ln  spite  of  this 

63 


64  The  Bloody  Sixth 

apparent  harassment,  the  regiment  was  honored  by  the  appointment 
of  Captain  Samuel  McDojtell  Tate  to  the  position  of  provost  marshal 
of  the  town  of  Ashland.Cl/ 

The  men  left  Ashland  on  the  morning  of  April  14,  and  marched 
for  Yorktown  and  the  Virginia  Peninsula.    Everyone  was  in  an  ex- 
pectant mood   as   the   arena   of  great  expectations   was   approached. (Si 
Pender  wrote, 

I  can  really  say  I  am  well  &  in  fine  spirits.  ...  I  think  we 
can  give  them  a  pretty  lively  time  as  we  have  three  annies  con- 
centrated. .  .  .  With  the  help  of  God  we  shall  save  the  country 
for  they  are  making  their  grand  move  in  oiu"  front.  (7^ 

Then  it  was  march,  march,  march,  for  five  long  daysVVPender 
wrote  that  he  was  still  in  good  spirits,  but  no  one  knew  when  the 
regiment  would  get  to  Yorktown.  Then,  with  much  fei-vor,  "You 
may  expect  to  hear  of  stirring  times  soon."(i£;) 

At  9:00  A.M.  on  the  morning  of  April  18  the  regiment  marched 
through  Williamsburg.  That  evening  they  reached  General  John- 
ston's headquarters  about  a  mile  from  Yorktown.  The  regiment  im- 
mediately went  into  camp,  to  be  held  in  reserve  during  the  com- 
ing operations.  v!3/ 

The  scene  that  met  the  men  as  they  arrived  at  Yorktown  was  de- 
scribed by  Pender: 

We  have  a  magnificent  Army  here;  the  largest  ic  finest  we 
have  ever  had  at  (any)  place.  We  have  our  best  Generals  also 
....  We  hear  firing  in  the  distance  all  the  time,  but  not  near 
enough  to  do  us  any  damage.  (T^ 

Everyone  was  confident  that  the  enemy  would  be  beaten.^Vhat  did 
it  matter  that  the  troops  were  undergoing  much  discomfort  in  the 
luifamiliar  country.  No  one  complained,  no  one  held  any  conviction 
other  than  that  the  enemy  could  be  defeated.Q^he  Sixth  found  that 
it  was  just  one  of  many  North  Carolina  regiments  present;  "We 
have  about  20  Regts.  down  here.  6  state  troops  regt  Sc  the  3rd,  4th, 
5th,  12th,  13th,  6th  vohmteers,  besides  several  others."  Pender's 
old  regiment,  the  Third,  nou-  rechristened  the  Thirteenth,  was  pres- 
ent. North  Carolina^iould  put  forth  a  good  effort  if  the  Confed- 
erates were  attackedvLUvhen  Pender  went  to  visit  his  old  regiment 
the  )»«n  cheered  him  and  stood  around  in  groups  "to  get  a  look  at 
me.'^liAll  of  this  praise  and  attention  seemed  beneficial  to  the  young 
colonel.    He  happily  wrote. 

My  chances  for  promotion  are  noiv  better  than  they  were 
six  months  ago  so  far  as  I  can  see.  ...  I  am  now  senior  Colonel 
of  the  Brigade  &  may  have  command  of  it  soon.    I  have  been 


In  the  Peninsula  65 

told  heretofore  that  when  I  became  senior  I  -ivould  be  placed  in 
command.  I  do  not  want  the  command  without  the  rank.  Too 
much  trouble  for  nothing.  (/|) 

On  April  25,  Pender  was  saying  that  there  ^\as  no  battle,  nor 
was  there  any  chance  of  one.  There  was  a  rumor  that  McCMIan 
was  marching  to^vards  Fredericksburg,  but  no  one  was  certainl^^he 
Sixth  was  fairly  comfortable,  duties  were  light,  "Nothing  but  to  rest 
— &  enjoy  ourselves."  It  was  good  to  be  in  the  reserves,  to  be  able 
to  rush  in  and  give  the  enemy  "the  final  8:  decisive  blow"  after  the 
other  troops  had  softened  him  up.<^ 

By  the  25th,  the  regiment  had  procured  a  new  chaplain,  a  Rev- 
erend Mr.  Stuart  of  an  Episcopal  church  in  Alexandria^tuart  ^\'as 
about  fifty  years  of  age,  was  eccentric,  but  very  ablc^s^He  would 
preach  before  the  regiment  for  the  first  time  on  Tuesday,  April  29. 
Pender  hoped  that  Reverend  Stuart  would  administer  the  holy 
sacrament  "upon  the  eve  of  ^s-hat  we  suppose  is  to  be  a  great  &  bloody 
battle. '>oThe  enemy  was  digging  entrenchments;  the  air  was  full  of 
tensiort?5?(s  May  began  the  regiment  \vaited,  65Z.strong,  for  the  battle 
which  would  surely  take  place  at  Yorkto\\n.{_£J7 

On  May  1,  orders  \vere  issued  to  begin  a  ^\-ithdra\\-al  from  York- 
towTi  on  the  morning  of  May  2.  Whiting  was  ordered  to  move  his 
wagon  train  early  in  the  morning  in  order  to  clear  the  road  for 
General  D.  H.  Hill's  division  which  would  follo^v  him  towards 
Williamsburg.  The  movemeirt-svas  highly  complicated  due  to  the 
scarcity  of  roads  in  the  region^riiirs  division  was  the  rear  guard  on 
the  retreat,^n  operation  which  \\'as  rendered  difficult  due  to  the 
heavy  rain.^C^ 

On  May  5,  the  Confederate  rear  guard  was  attacked  by  Mc- 
Clellan's  advance  at  WilliamsbuugT)  An  indecisive  action  ensued  in 
which  the  Sixth  was  not  engagecr?<jn  May  7,  there  was  an  attempt 
to  cut  the_retreating  Confederates  off,  at  a  place  called  Eltham's 
Landing,  gj) 

On  May  6  General  McClellan  had  sent  the  divisions  of  Franklin, 
Sedgwick,  Porter,  and  Richardson  on  steamers  up  the  York  and 
Pammrkey  Rivers  from  Yorktown.  Franklin's  division  was  disem- 
barked on  the  morning  of  the  7th  and  placed  in  "a  good  position  to 
cover  die  landing  place."  His  flanks  were  protected  by  water;  his 
front  faced  the  Confederates  ^\lie.^were  centered  about  Barhamsville, 
a  few  miles  south  of  the  river.^=-<ieneral  Gustavus  W.  Smith,  com- 
manding the  reserve  corps,  had  reconnoitred  the  Union  position 
and  observed  the  Union  fleet  anchored  in  the  river  on  May  6. 
Early  on  the  7th  he  ordered  Whiting  to  attack  the  enemy  with  his 
division.  (20 

Whiting  immediately  ordered  Hood's  Texas  brigade  and  Wade 
Hampton's   legion   to  dislodge   the   enemy   who   Avere   advancing   in- 


66  The  Bloody  Sixth 

land.  Whiting's  own  Third  Brigade,  containing  the  Sixth,  was  held 
in  reserve.  The  Texans  and  South  Carolinians  drove  the  enemy 
"fairly  before"  them  for  one  and  a  half  miles.  At  this  jimctiire  the 
Third  Brigade  was  moved  into  position  on  the  extrenxej-right  and  par- 
ticipated in  the  final  stages  of  the  advance  to  the  river^cy  12:00  noon 
the  enemy  had  been  driven  onto  their  gunboats,  which  immediately 
opened  fire  on  the  Confederates,  but  with  little  effect.  Whiting  quickly 
ordered  Major  Stephen  Lee  and  Captain  James  Reilly  to  take  position 
on  the  river  bluff  with  their  batteries  and  attempt  to  reach  the  gun- 
boats. The  batteries  were  supported  by  the  Sixth,  under  enemy 
fire  for  the  first  time  since  Manassas.  An  artillery  barrage  was  opened 
on  the  Union  vessels  but  the  range  was  too  great.  Before  the  bat- 
teries and  regiment  could  be  withdrawn,  a  Union  gunboat  came 
close  in  shore  under  the  bluff  and  opened  fire.  Although  the  fire  was 
very  accurate  there  were  only  tw/a^asualties  in  the  Sixth,  both  of 
them  wounded  "not  dangerously. ''<23?y  early  afternoon  the  Battle  of 
Eltham's  Landing  was  over;  the  Union  forces  had  been  driven  back 
and  the  road  to  Richmond  was  still  open.  Whiting's  division  was 
ordered  to  resume  its  former  position  near  Barhamsville,  while  the 
rest  of  the  Confederate  Army  continued  its  retreatd^Vhiting  wrote  of 
the  battle's  effect  on  Confederate  operations: 

It  was  very  creditable  to  the  officers  and  men,  and  produced 
important  residts  on  the  enemy's  movements. ( 


Pender  had  sought  a  battle,  but  had  to  be  content  with  being  involved 
on  the  perimeter  of  one.    He  wrote  his  wife  on  May  8: 

...  I  have  seldom  been  much  more  sleepy,  hungry,  or  tired 
than  I  am  just  now.  Up  nearly  all  of  two  nights  &  in  the  saddle 
for  t^vo  days.  Four  hours  will  cover  the  sleep  I  have  had  in 
forty-eight.  We  were  in  a  pretty  tight  place  last  night  are  all 
right  now.  We  are  out  of  the  Peninsula,  which  was  a  perfect 
trap  for  us.  We  had  some  hard  marching  &:  famishing.  ...  I 
saw  enough  to  satisfy  me  of  my  mens  pluck.  (|T) 

The  big  battle  had  not  yet  taken  place,  but  it  would.  At  least  Pender 
hoped  so.^^This  constant  retreating  was  bad  enough,  but  -ivhen  would 
the  high  command  stop  and  make  a  stand  for  Richmond?  By  May  9 
the  Sixth  had  marched  to  a  point  t^veiity-two  miles  froni/^ie  city. 
The  march  had  been  very  slow,  only  "about  4  miles  today. 'v£j0n  May 
10.  the  regiment  only  covered  one  and  a  half  miles,  even  less  than  on 
the  9tl{^^ender  expressed  his  impatience  ivith  the  retreat: 

I  "svish  we  were  at  our  joiuney's  end  ^vhere  we  coidd  have 
what  few  comforts  we  can  ha>:£  along.  I  can  neither  have  clean 
clothes  or  ivriting  material.  (^ 


In  the  Peninsula  67 

To  add  to  the  monotony  of  the  march,  the  country  through  which 
the  men  were  marching  was  ravaged  and  deserted.  Pender  had  only 
seen  three  white  ivomen  "since  coming  to  this  part  of  the.counti7." 
Nearly  evei7  farm  that  the  regiment  passed  was  deserted.^ 

As  the  army  drew  closer  to  Richmond  the  civilian  population 
became  panicky.  It  was  believed  that  the  enemy  could  have  posses- 
sion of  the  city  at  any  time.  The  retreating  Sixth,  although  not 
sharing  this  view,  was  forced  to  march  on  half  rations,  ^^n  the 
regimental  officers  were  occasionally  forced  to  do  without.^Pender 
wrote, 

.  .  .  we  are  barely  subsisting  upon  meat  &  bread.  I  have 
managed  to  keep  a  little  coffee  &  tea  yet.  @ 

Rank-conscious  and  ambitious  as  always,  Pender  was  fearful  that  Gen- 
eral Whiting  would  place  the  Third  Brigade  under  another  officer, 
even  though  Pender  was  senior  colonel.  Well,  if  another  colonel  were 
placed  in  command  he  uould  resign  "&:  look  out  for  some  other  po- 
sition." Pender's  opinion  of  Whiting  had  declined  during  the  re- 
treat; he  didn't  trust  the  motives  of  his  commanding  officer  any  more.  I 

By  May  17.  the  regiment  had  moved  to  within  a  few  miles  of 
Richmond.  The  rate  of  march  was  still  slow,  about  a  mile  an  hour. 
Rain  fell  incessantly  as  the  men  moved  through  the  desolate  coun- 
try.   Stragglers  were  everywhere.    According  to  Pender, 

...  of  all  the  poor  looking  country  you  can  see  this  is  it. 
Its  like  the  flats  of  Edgecomb  (County,  N.  C.)  only  ^\orse.  I  had 
expected  to  see  a  pretty,  hilly  country.   /^ 

The  division  ^\■ent  into  camp  at  ^Villiams  House  near  Richmond 
on  the  18th.  One  of  ^V^hiting's  first  orders  was  to  prohibit  leaves  of 
absence  to  the  city  "until  the  camps  are  set  in  order."  Much  needed 
to  be  done,  guards  had  to  be  placed  and  ai^angements  perfected  to 
force  stragglers  back  into  their  commands.ttal;  was  essential  to  keep 
civilians  from  passing  into/the  enemy's  lines  and  to  keep  stragglers 
from  going  into  Richmond^^ther  orders  were  issued  enforcing  sani- 
tary conditions  in  the  division  camps.  Sinks  were  to  be  dug  to  a 
certain  depth  in  positions  "sufficiently  remote  from  bivouacs/fe  yet 
inside  the  lines  of  sentinels  &  covered  with  a  sufficient  screen. "offt'lore 
rigid  controls  wer&r^laced  over  sick  leaves  to  keep  shirkers  from 
going  to  the  rearviS^irigade  commanders  were  permitted  to  send 
dragons  into  Richmond  to  procure  provisions  for  their  troops;  the 
general  health  of  the  men  was  important.  (¥^ 

The  Sixth  was  placed  in  a  pleasant  location  ivhile  the  brigade 
was  encamped  about  Williams  House.  Pender's  tent  ivas  struck  in 
"a  beautiful  little  nook  of  the  hills."    There  were  beech  trees  and 


68  The  Bloody  Sixth 

honeysuckle  vines  all  about  the  area  with  a  pleasant  stream  close  by. 
The  men  had  dammed  this  up  to  fonn  a  swimming  place.  It  was  a 
"perfectlv  charming"  location  for  a  regiment  w-eai^  after  an  arduous 
retreat.® 

The  condition  of  the  men  was  excellent,  with  only  a  few  ex- 
ceptions. The  weather  was  so  warm  that  many  of  the  men  dreamed 
of  going  fishing.  The  nearness  of  Richmond  and  the  prohibition  of 
passes  was  vexing,  but  Mr.  Fant,  the  regimental  sutler,  was  back 
again.   This  alleviated  the  lack  of  passes,  at  least  to  some  extent.  (Si) 

While  the  regiment  remained  at  Williams  House,  news  arrived 
that  Colonel  Lightfoot  had  been  elected  to  the  colonelcy  of  the 
Twenty-second  North  Carolina.  Pender  breathed  a  sigh  of  relief:  "I 
never  want  to  have  him  back  here.'^iThe  Reverend  Mr.  Stuart  was 
turning  out  to  be  an  interesting  addition  to  the  regimental  staff. 
Pender  liked  him  because  the  chajjlain  Avas  "a  most  excellent  Chris- 
tian," ivas  agreeable,  and  very  industrious.  Revei'end  Stuart  made  him- 
self "useful"  instead  of  "troublesome  as  I  feared."  Pewiler  felt  that 
close  association  with  the  chaplain  Avould  be  beneficial6J/gain,  on  the 
25th,  Pender  wrote, 

I  find  that  the  company  of  Mr.  Stuart  is  of  great  benefit  to 
me.  He  is  a  good  man  with  good  sense.  ^^ 

General  Whiting  was  presented  with  an  expensive  horse  by  the 
Fourth  Alabama  Regiment,  one  of  the  Third  Brigade,  on  May  22. 
The  horse  cost  51,000,  and  brought  a  sneering  comment  from  Pender 
that  "such  todyism  as  has  been  shown  in  this  matter  ...  is  rather  too 
much  of  a  good  thing."  To  make  the  matter  worse  the  Eleventh 
Mississippi  had  raised  §1,200,  to  buy  another  horse  for  the  general, 
while  the  Second  Mississippi  "are  going  to  do  likewise."  These  pres- 
entations -ivould  reflect  uj^on  the  poor  Sixth,  a  regiment  in  which 
many  of  the  men  could  not  afford  to  be  so  generous. (^^^ 

As  May  advanced,  McCIellan's  army  moved  closer  to  Richmond. 
By  the  27th,  the  Union  forces  were  within  three  miles  of  the  Con- 
federate lineswPlans  ^vere  afoot  in  the  Confederate  high  command 
for  an  attack  upon  McCIellan's  position.  Suddenly,  everything  be- 
came a  flurry  of  excitement,  orders  were  issued,  men  prepared  to  go 
out  and  meet  the  enemy.  On  the  24th  orders  were  issued  to  the  men 
to  prepare  two  days's  cooked  rations.  Utensils  were  to  be  packed  after 
cooking,  along  ^\'ith  tent  equipage.  Brigade  and  regimental  Tvagons 
were  to  be  loaded  in  preparation  for  an  advance.  The  men  were  to 
march  ^vith  only  single  blankets  and  their  "cooked  provisions." 
Ambidances  were  prepared  to  follow  the  troops  into  action; ^e  sick 
^vere  to  remain  behind  as  camp  guards  "imtil  farther  orders. '^-0n  the 
26th,  orders  were  issued  to  prepare  for  an  attack  at  1:00  A.M.  the 
following    day.     Hood's    command    was    to    form    the    advance;    the 


In  the  Peninsula  G9 

Third  Brigade  would  follow-.  The  men  were  to  be  aroused  Iroiii 
slumber  without  the  benefit  of  drum  beat.^lthough  regimental  field 
music  would  accompany  the  regiments."  -©(ithough  the  attack  -was 
delayed,  spirits  remained  high.  Pender  sinnmed  up  the  feelings  of 
his  command  ^vhen  he  wrote, 

Every  man  w-ho  has  any  manhood  shoukl  8;  does  feel  the 
absolute  necessity  of  fighting  to  the  death.  (S^ 

Confidence  was  high,  although  a  heavv  rain  began  on  the  night  of  the 
26th.  The  rain  continued  into  the  morning  of  the  27th,  delaying  the 
Confederate  attack.  About  3:00  in  the  afternoon  of  the  27th  hea\7 
firins;  ^^■as  heard  in  the  direction  of  Hanover  Coint  House.  The  Sixth 
Regiment  Avatted,  expecting  to  be  called  into  battle,  but  the  order 
didn't  come.^SsPender  A\rote  his  wife  on  the  29th: 

5  miles  from  Richmond.  .  .  .  We  came  out  here  last  night 
fidlv  expecting  to  move  or  attack  the  enemy  this  morning,  but 
something  prevented.  I  hope  the  attack  ^vill  not  be  delayed  many 
more  hours.  ...  I  slept  not  a  wink  last  night  &  but  vei7  little 
for  the  previous  48  hours.  I  have  felt  anything  but  bright  to 
day.  .  .  .  (^ 

The  Sixth  was  moved  towards  the  enemy  on  the  night  of  the 
28th.  The  regiment  was  countermarched  the  next  day,  until  the 
men  were  only  one  and  a  half  miles  from  Richmond-^— marches  and 
countermarches,  but  no  fighting;  i\ould  it  never  endj'^inally,  on  the 
31st  the  men  were  marched  toward  the  C^hickahominy.  At  3:00  P.M. 
the  regiment  drew  near  to  Fair  Oaks.  The  Third  Brigade  A\as  under 
command  of  Colonel  Evandor  Mclver  I->a-w-,  Colonel  of  the  Fointh 
Alabama  Infantry  and  acting  brigadiei-V^The  Sixth  Regiment,  in 
advance  of  the  brigade,  was  ordered  to  charge  and  drive  the  enemy. 
Line  of  battle  was  formed  on  the  Nine  Mile  Road  ^vith  the  ranks 
facing  south.  With  a  rapid  movement  the  regiment  rushed  forward 
in  the  direction  of  the  enemy.  Moving  through  a  thick  wood, 
Pender  noticed  three  Union  regiments  nraking  an  effort  to  take  the 
Sixth  in  flank.  The  regiment  was  ordered  to  change  front  and  move 
fon\ard  at  a  double-quick.  As  the  men  filed  behind  the  wood  they 
came  upon  a  masked^  battery  "which  opened  upon  us  when  about 
150  vards  from  it.txtThe  regiment  obeyed  Pender's  orders  as  if  it 
were  on  parade.  However,  the  se^ere  fire  from  the  batten'  broke  the 
right  flank  -ivhich  was  posted  in  an  open  field.  Three  companies  on 
the  left  flank,  Tate's,  Kirkland's  and  Carter's,  held  their  position  and 
advanced  slowly  against  the  enemy's  infantry.  The  ground  was  cov- 
ered ;\ith  brush  and  small  pits.  When  these  companies  sa^\-  that  the 
right   had   broken   and   flecl,   they   slowly   ^vithdre^v,    "but   not   until 


70  The  Bloody  Sixth 

they  were  too  late  to  form  on  them,  and  they  were  joined  to  another 
regiment,  and  acted  with  it."^^ 

The  right  was  ralHed,  still  under  a  heavy  artillery  fire,  and 
ordered  forward  again,  supported  by  other  regiments.  This  time 
the  men  reached  a  point  within  seventy-five  yards  of  the  battery. 
Nevertheless,  the  fire  from  the  battery  and  supporting  infantry  be- 
came so  severe  that  the  regiment  was  again  forced  to  slowly  withdraw. 
The  men  held  dreir  ground  for  some  time,  "being  partially  sheltered 
by  some  rising  ground."  Darkness  was  setting  in  and  inevitable  con- 
fusion ensued.  Pender  realized  the  futility  of  another  charge  and 
finally  ivithdrew  his  men.  As  the  Sixth  withdrew,  the  other  regi- 
ments of  the  Third  Brigade  made  a  charge  on  the  Union  position. 
They,  too,  were  repiUsed  in  great  disorder.  Pender  went  forward 
and  personally  rallied  the  broken  regiments,  "and  restored  the  line 
by  his  courage  and  coolness."  President  Davis  was  on  the  field,  and 
saw  Pender's  action.  He  came  forij'ard  and  said  to  the  yoimg  colonel, 
"General  Pender,  I  salute  you." ikly 

The  regiment  had  performed  gallantly,  but  not  without  severe 
loss.  Captain  William  J.  Freeland  was  badly  wounded  in  the  leg 
and  had  to  be  left  on  the  field,  where  he  was  captured.  Captain  J.  W. 
Lea  was  severely  ivounded:  Lieutenants  Ray,  Barbee,  and  Smith  were 
slightly  wounded.  Fourteen  enlisted  men  had  been  killed,  eighty- 
two  were  wounded,  and  twenty  were  missing.  Major  Webb/^as 
singled  out  for  especial  commendation  for  gallanti7  on  the  field^n- 
deed,  Pender  praised  the  conduct  of  most  of  his  men,  writing, 

Lieiu.  Vincent  led  his  company  most  gallantly  to  charge 
a  small  party  across  a  field.  The  stubborness  with  which  Captains 
Tate,  Kirkland  and  Carter  maintained  their  position  on  the  left 
in  the  first  charge  on  the  battei-y  entitles  them  to  great  credit. 
The  coolness  of  Capt.,  now  Lieut.  Colonel  Avery,  was  also  very 
conspicuous.  £g) 

Pender  knew  that  there  were  many  other  instances  of  gallantry,  "but 
it  is  impossible  to  see  or  mention  all."  First  Sergeant  Covington  of 
Company  H  and  Coiporal  Cox  of  Company  E  were  both  singled  out 
for  commendationJ&JCaptain  Freeland  had  gone  into  action  with  the 
Twenty-second  North  Carolina,  and  "it  is  feared,  has  fallen  into  the 
hands  of  the  Yankees.  They  could  not  have  taken  a  braver  man  or  a 
more  cool  and  gallant  officer."  Pender  also  praised  Adjutant  Benjamin 
R.  Smith  'ivho  was  "brave,  cool  and  active.'vJS 

The  case  of  Captain  Freeland  was  especially  heartrending.  His 
company,  the  Orange  Grays  (Company  D)  had  been  detailed  to  guard 
General  Johnston's  headquarters  tent.  When  the  battle  began,  fifteen 
of  the  company  were  left  in  camp  and  the  rest,  under  Freeland,  had 
joined  the  Twenty-second  North  Carolina,  which  was  commanded  by 


In  the  Peninsula  71 

Colonel  Lightfoot.  Freeland  had  been  shot  in  the  thigh  while  charging 
the  Union  batter^'.  He  was  carried  towards  the  rear  by  four  of  his  men, 
but  was  "hotly  pursued."  When  he  saw  that  the  enemy  would  capture 
them  all,  he  ordered  the  men  to  leave  him  ancL  save  themselves.  This 
they  did,  leaving  Freeland  in  Union  hands.  kUJ 

The  regiment  slept  in  a  Union  camp  that  night,  uncertain  of  'ts^~^^ 
casualties,  but  secure  in  the  knowledge  that  it  had  done  its  best.  ^J 
The  enemy  had  been  driven  back  more  than  two  miles  through  their 
camps  and  "from  a  series  of  intrenchments^^ Still,  Union  reinforce- 
ments arrived  diu-ing  the  night  of  the  31stviM"he  Sixth  ■ivas  ordered 
to  fall  into  line  of  battle  on  the  morning  of  June  1,  but  remained 
in  position  all  day.  The  battle,  as  far  as  the  regiment  :\'as  concerned, 
\vas  over.  (^ 

Pender  was  elated.  He  had  been  appointed  to  the  temporary  rank 
of  brigadier  general  effective  June  "i.^&Cht  Sixth  would  need  an- 
other colonel  to  replace  him.   Who  would  it  be? 

The  answer  to  this  question  lay  in  the  commander  of  Company 
E,  Captain  Isaac  Erwin  Avery.  Avery  was  a  stocky  man  of  medium 
height  with  a  determined  look  upon  his  face.  He  wore  a  short  but 
impressive  beard,  and  was  a  representative  of  the  best  type  of  Con- 
federate officer.  He  was  born  at  Swan  Ponds,  his  family's  ancestral 
estate  in  Burke  County,  on  December  20,  1828.  He  grew  up  on  the 
plantation  and  entered  the  state  university  at  Chapel  Hill  in  1847. 
Avery  attended  college  for  only  one  year,  returning  to  assist  his 
father  in  the  operation  of  the  plantation.  Young  Avery  was  espe- 
cially interested  in  the  breeding  of  cattle  and  horses,  particularly  on 
his  father's  stock  farm  in  Yancey  County.  When  the  Western  North 
Carolina  Railroad  was  chartered  in  1854,  Avery  went  into  partner- 
ship with  Charles  F.  Fisher  and  Samuel  McDowell  Tate  (of  Morgan- 
ton)  to  build  the  road.  By  1861,  the  railroad  had  been  completed 
to  a  point  ivithin  three  miles  of  Morganton  when  all  work  ceased.  Q^ 

Avery,  assisted  by  his  yoimger  brother,  Alphonso  Calhoun  Avery, 
raised  Compan\f  E  for  the  Sixth  Regiment  in  Burke  County  in  the 
spring  of  186lQjHis  record  as  company  commander  had  been  capa- 
ble, if  not  dramatic.  Still,  Pender  had  been  impressed  ^vith  Avery's 
enthusiasm  and  with  his  sobriety.  On  May  2,  Pender  was  able  to 
procure  Avery's  commission  as  lieutenant  colenel  of  the  regiment, 
a  move  ^vhich  would  have  repercussions  lateivi*T)r  some  time  Pender 
had  hoped  .\very  would  be  promoted  to  field  grade.  He  wrote  on 
May   17, 

I  was  glad  to  hear  .  .  .  that  Col.  Lightfoot  would  ...  be  re- 
elected in  the  22nd  N.  C.  .  .  .  I  think  Capt.  Avery  will  get  his 
place  here.  I  shall  reconuiiend  him  K;  so  will  Gen.  Whiting.  ^ 


72  The  Bloody  Sixth 

On  May  29  the  North  Carolina  assistant  adjutant  general  wrote 
Pender  that  Avery  "has  not  returned  to  this  office  the  acceptance  of 
his  commission."  The  commission  had  been  sent  from  Raleigh  on 
May  1.  If  it  hadn't  been  received  "another  will  be  sent.'ll^ender 
\vired  Adjutant  General  James  G.  Martin  on  June  3  requesting 
Avery's  immediate  appointment  as  lieiuenant  colonel.  It  was  im- 
portant that  the  regiment  acquire^.ajiother  field  officer;  "Every  mo- 
ment is  of  the  greatest  importance. 'vSCovernor  Clark  answered  Pender 
immediately: 

In  compliance  \\'ith  your  telegraph  just  received  I  have  or- 
dered an  appointment  of  Lt.  Colonel  sent  on  Capt.  I.  E.  Avery 
and  telegraphed  the  fact  to  General  Whiting. 

I  had  previously  upon  yotu"  suggestion  and  on  notification 
of  the  election  of  Col.  Lightfoot  to  the  22nd.  Regiment,  sent 
on  commissions  to  Lightfoot  for  Col.  of  22nd,  and  Avery  Lt. 
Colonel  of  6th  and  supposed  they  had  been  received  and  ac- 
cepted, and  your  telegram  to  day  \\-as  the  first  intimation  I  had 
that  they  were  not  now  acting  under  these  commissions  in  these 
Regiments.  .  .  .(S) 


Avery  assumed  command  of  the  regiment  \\ith  the  rank  of  lieu- 
tenant colonel  on  June  4.  (£^ 

Avery's  promotion  \\as  received  with  deep  resentment  by  Major 
Robert  F.  \Vebb,  obviously  next  in  line  to  succeed  Pender.  The  issue 
was  taken  up  by  Webb's  hometown  newspaper,  the  Hillsborough 
Recorder: 

We  are  informed,  that  the  rule  is  -well  established,  ^\-henever, 
promotion  is  made  by  Executive  appointment,  that  seniority  if 
commission  entitles  an  officer  as  a  matter  of  right,  to  succeed  to 
the  place  next  above  him,  in  case  of  vacancy,  in  all  Regimental 
offices.  .  .  .  Major  Webb  was  entitled  by  his  merits  to  receive 
this  promotion,  and  to  be  spared  the  degradation  implied  by 
denying  it  to  him.^i 

Webb  had  served  in  the  Hillsboro  company  of  the  North  Caro- 
lina regiment  in  the  Mexican  War.  He  kne^v  more  of  "discipline 
and  the  duties  of  camp  and  garrison"  than  did  Avery.  Now  Webb 
had  resigned  his  commission  in  protest  to  Avery's  appointment.^^The 
Recorder  continued: 

We  are  not  in  the  habit  of  harsh  comment  on  the  conduct 
of  public  fimctionaries,  but  we  have  deemed  it^U"  duty  to  call 
attention  to  this  violation  of  the  rights  of  tivo^gallant  citizens 
of  Orange,  who  were  among  the  earliest  to  rally  for  the  defence 
of  their  country  in  this  war,  who  have  now  become  veterans  in 
danger  and  suffering,  and  to  protest  against  it.fev) 


In  the  Peninsula  73 

The  North  CaroHna  Slaii'dard  took  up  Webb's  cause  on  June  25, 
asserting  that  the  major  did  not  get  the-coveted  appointment  because 
he  "was  not  an  original  secessionist. "©This  article  was  paraphrased 
and  criticized  in  the  State  ]ournal: 

.  .  .  we  think  he  (\Vebb)  has  been  wronged,  and  enter  our 
protest  against  the  treatment  which  he  has  received.  And  this 
we  do,  not  because  he  was  not  "an  original  secessionist,"  or  be- 
cause he  was  "an  old  Union  man,"  but  because  he  is  an  officer 
and  a  soldier,  \vhose  rights  and  honor  we  will  uphold  and  de- 
fend, regardless  of  those  who  ^vould  trample  them  under  foot, 
if  anv  such  there  hei' 


The  dispute  seemed  to  be  headed  to  a  controversy  of  major  propor- 
tions when  Webb  received-^a  six-day  leave  of  absence  on  "surgeon's 
certificate  of  disability. "^SOn  June  11,  Webb  ^vas  promoted  to 
lieutenant  colonel  of  the  regimepty  Samuel  McDowell  Tate  was 
promoted  to  major  in  his  place.Qjstill.  ^Vebb's  animosity  towards 
Avery  continued  to  sho\v  itself  in  many  subtle  ways  as  the  weeks 
and  months  passed.  It  was  hard  being  passed  over  in  favor  of  an 
officer  with  less  seniority  than  yourself.  ^ 

As  usual  ^V'hiting  issued  niunerous  orders  to  his  division  after 
the  Battle  of  Seven  Pines.  Brigade  commanders  were  instructed  to 
post  pickets  on  all  the  roads  leading  to  Richmond  to  prevent  officers 
and  men  from  going  to  the  rear  "without  proper  authority."  Force 
was  to  be  used  to  stop  shirkers,  if  necessanVHThe  men  were  issued 
whiskey  on  June  6,  on  orders  issued  by  \Vhiting:  "No  one  must 
receive  more  than  his  rations  &  those  rations  now  drawn,  or  required 
must  be  kept  on  hand.v5J35rigade  hospitals  were  established  to  care 
for  the  sick  andi  ^vounded:  tents  and  tent  flies  were  to  be  used  for 
these  hospitalsS^rigade  commanders  were  ordered  to  furnish  Whiting 
with  their  bi-jeade  ammunition  lists — it  was  important  to  ascertain 
any  shortageaSTools  were  sent  to  the  various  brigades  to  be  used  in 
road  construction  "leading  to  the  several  positions"  and  to  the  picket 
lines.  Directions  Avere  given  t'or  the  construction  of  "a  strong  abatis" 
in  front  of  the  picket  linesQ^tricter  rules  were  issued  ooverninar 
leaves  of  absence.  None-,would  be  granted  "except  upon  surgeon's 
certificate  of  disability.''— ^'ender,  now  a  voung  brigadier,  wrote  on 
June  8, 

I   can  ^vrite  but  little  as   my   mind   is  pretty   weW    taken    up 
with  pickets,  abattis,  roads,  rations,  &  such  usual  military  details.  (^^^ 

Regimental  connnanders  were  ordered  to  furnish  division  head- 
quarters with  lists  of  their  killed,  wounded,  and  missing  "in  the  late 
battle."  The  monthly  rosters  for  May  had  to  be  furnished  -(vith  the 
casualty  lists.  (Too) 


74  The  Bloody  Sixth 

The  regiment  remained  in  camjn  on  the  Chickahominy  in  an 
advanced  position  until  June  1  \v^o  one  knew  when  the  battle 
might  be  resumed;  everywhere  there  was  military  activity  to  meet 
the  expected  Union  advance  upon  Richmond.  The  system  for  pasting 
sentinels  was  tightened  up.  Stragglers  were  to  be  arrested  if  noticed. 
Everytlwng  seemed  to  point  to  an  early  resumption  of  military  ac- 
tivit)C^eneral  Whiting  issued  a  congratulatory  order  to  his  division 
on  June  2.  The  men  were  thanked  for  their  "spirit  &  gallantry" 
which  was  revealed  in  the  battle  on  May  31.  Whiting  eulogized  the 
action  by  saying, 

The  enemy  were  driven  from  their  camps,  to  the  shelter  of 
their  formidable  breastworks  &:  batteries.  Night  .  .  .  alone  pre- 
vented the  success  on  our  line  from  being  complete.  .  .  .  Let 
every  one  continue  to  display  the  same  courage  &;  endurance  & 
under  God  our  success  will  be  sure  &:  final. ^fgg) 

A  solemn  note  of  caution  was  injected:  "Remember  that  every  day 
we  may  be  called  upon  to  attack.  We  must  watdwUie  enemy,  & 
never  permit  him  to  put  up  his  heavy  fortifications. "'^^i^W.  Mangum, 
formerly  chaplain  to  the  regiment,  reflected  the  sentiment  concur- 
rent in  North  Carolina  on  the  residt  of  the  battle  of  May  31  when 
he  wrote. 

Of  the  (loss  of)  the  privates  (of  the  Sixth)  I  have  heard 
nothing.  We  are  thought  by  some  to  have  lost  about  1200  killed 
at  Richmond.  .  .  .  Our  troops  are  said  to  he  in  fine  spirits  at 
Richmond.  They  number  over  100,000.(7^ 

As  the  regiment  remained  on  picket  in  the  s^vamps  along  the 
Chickahominy  a  movement  was  being  undertaken  by  General  Whit- 
ing which  was  to  take  the  men  far  from  the  Virginia  Peninsula. 
Orders  were  given  for  the  transportation  of  Whiting's  entire  division 
to  the  Shenandoah  Valley.  On  June  11,  the  regiment  left  Rich- 
mond via  the  Virginia  Central  Railroad,--/rheir  destination  was 
Staunton  in  the  upper  Shenandoah  Valle\ViriThe  reason  for  going  to 
the  valley  was  kept  secret,  although,  ostensibly  it  Avas  to-help  General 
"Stonewall"  Jackson  clear  the  enemy  from  the  valle^U-iiideed,  Jack- 
son's secrecy,  proverbial  with  him  in  all  of  his  campaigns,  even  con- 
fused Whiting.  On  Jime  16  Jackson  had  written  AVhiting: 

I  am  more  than  gratified  at  the  prospect  of  again  meeting 
you  in  the  valley  .  .  .  please  move  yoiu"  command  to  the  vicinity 
of  Mount  Cra\\ford,  but  on  this  side  of  North  River,  and  let  me 
see  you  at  my  headquarters. (l£|) 

Again,  on  the  same  day, 


In-  the  Peninsula  75 

If  your  troops  are  in  camp  please  let  them  remain  there, 
and  if  marching  please  put  them  in  camp  as  soon  as  practicable, 
and  give  like  orders  to  other  troops  near  you,  and  let  me  see  you 
at  my  headquarters  upon  important  business,  (foj) 


Whiting  was  perplexed.  He  had  come  all  the  way  from  Richmond 
expecting  to  play  an  important  role  in  Jackson's  movements  when 
he  suddenly  received  orders  to  meet  Jackson  at  Mount  Crawford, 
leaving  his  division  in  camp.  He  ^^•as  so  expectant  of  important 
action  that  he  had  issued  elaborate  orders  to  his  division,  now  com- 
posed of  the  First  and  Third  Brigades,  to  prepare  for  "an  active  cam- 
paign in  the  Valley."diiW'hiting's  perplexion  was  changed  to  anger 
A\-hen  he  anived,  worn  out  after  a  forty-mile  ride,  at  Jackson's  head- 
quarters. His  division  -^vas-^all  ordered  immediately  over  the  moun- 
tains back  to  Richmond.'^t^s  AVhiting  mockingly  expressed  it. 

So  I  have  marched  up  the  hill,  to  turn  ai'ound  &  march 
down  again.  I  only  hope  that  all  will  turn  out  for  the  best, 
though  it  seems  to  me  a  sinoidar  move. 


Whiting  ^\-as  afraid  to  tell  his  men  of  their  new  destination.  Every- 
one thought  they  ^\-ere  going  to  attack  General  Fremont  in  the  val- 
ley. Instead,  they  marched  back  across  the  Blue  Ridge  on  June  19. 
Theip4X)ute  lay  through  Staunton  and  Waynesboro  to  Mitcheners 
RiveW^Miirifig,  exhausted  after  several  days  in  the  saddle,  followed 
in  a  bugg/i^Tie  di^•ision  Avas  to  spearhead  Jackson's  attack  against 
McClellan   before    Richmond.    ^Vhitino-  wrote: 

o 

I  do  not  look  forward.  It  is  more  than  likely  that  I  shall 
be  kept  in  Jackson's  Corps  &  will  have  to  make  the  assault  on 
AlcClellan's  flank  &:  rear  which  I  presume  is  intended  in  this 
new  move.  A  hazardous  but  if  successful  a  glorious  blo-ss-.  The 
Lord  is  my  helper.  I  will  not  fear  what  man  can  do  to  me.  (JT^ 

And  then,  in  a  tone  of  deep  humility,  "...  I  ask  in  my  trouble  & 
weakness  for  faith  &  grace  &  the  Blessed  Spirit  thus  above  all  I  may 
be  ready. "(Hfe) 

AVhiting's  move  through  central  Virginia  back  towards  the  pen- 
insula baffled  the  Union  high  command.  A  deserter  notified  Mc- 
Clellan on  June  24  that  Whiting's  men  ^^•ere  moving  on  Freder- 
icks Hall  and  would  attack  the  Union  rear  on  the  28th.  McClellan 
anxiously  requested  Secretary  of  War  Edwin  M.  Stanton  to  send  "the 
most  exact  infomration  you  have  as  to  the  position  and  movements 
of  Jackson,  as^^ell  as  the  soiuxes  from  \\hich  your  information  is 
derived.  .  .  .'(ZiSfanton  thought  that  Jackson  (with  Whiting's  divi- 
sion in  advance)  might  be  at  Gordonsville,  or  possibly  still  in  the 
valley.    Maybe  the  Confederate  general  was  marching  against  W^ash- 


76  The  Bloody  Sixth 

ington  and  Baltimore.    McCIellan  should  be  wary  of  Jackson's  move- 
ments.   According  to  Stanton, 

.  .  .  Jackson's  real  movement  now  is  toward  Richmond.(7/J) 

By  June  25,  Whiting's  division  was  encamped  a  mile  west  of 
Ashland.  Jackson's  orders  were  to  attack  McClellan's  right  flank  in 
its  position  immediately  to  the  east  of  the  small  village  of  Mechanics- 
ville.  If  McClellan's  right  could  be  destroyed  while  the  remainder 
of  the  Confederate  Army  attacked  his  center  and  left,  the  Union 
general  might  be  defeated.  At  least  the  immediate  threat  to  Rich- 
mond woidd  be  removed.  In  accordance  with  these  plans,  the  men 
broke  camp  on  the  26th  and  marched  on  along  the  Chickahominy 
River,  driving  in  the  advanced  Union  pickets  as  they  proceeded.  An 
advanced  post  of  Lhiion  cavalry  Avest  of  Totopotomoy  Creek  fled 
upon  the  approach  of  the  Confederates  when  the  latter  reached  that 
stream  at  3:00  P.M.  Nevertheless  a  crossing  would  be  difficult  because 
the  bridge  was  in  flames.  Union  troops  on  the  east  side  of  the  stream 
frantically  blocked  the  road  to  prevent  a  crossing.  This  did  not  deter 
the  indomitable  Whiting  who  ordered  the  Texans  to  cross  and  en- 
gage the  enemy.  ^Vhile  Confederate  infantry  pushed  across  the  deep 
and  swampy  stream.  Captain  James  Reilly's  artillei^y  battei'y  was 
brought  into  action.  A  sharp  biust  of  cannon  fire  disbursed  the 
enemy  \\ho  fled  in  confusion  down  the  road  towards  Pole  Green 
Chinch.  The  bridge  was  soon  rebuilt  and  the  Confederates  crossed 
and  marched  rapidly  towards  the  church  (sometimes  called  Hundley's 
Corner) .  By  nightfall  \Vhiting's  exhausted  men  were  imited  with 
Ewell's  division.  As  darkness  fell  over  the  camp,  heavy  cannon  fire 
was  heard  in  the  direction  of  Mechanicsville.  Was  a  battle  being 
fought?    Only  tomorrow  could  te\[(Tj^) 


Earlv  on  the  morning  of  Jinie  27,  the  division  continued  its 
advance.  Heavy  musketry  fire  and  cannonading  were  heard  on  the 
right.  "Whiting  ordered  artillei7  to  be  sent  to  shell  the  Union  rear  at 
Beaver  Dam  Swamp,  forcing  their  withdrawal.  The  Chickahominy 
was  crossed  ^vithout  opposition  as  the  division  marched  towards  Cold 
Harbor.  The  advance  of  the  Confederates  was  slow;  there  were  many 
interruptions  occasioned  by  frequent  halts.  At  3:00  P.M.  one  of 
Jackson's  aides  directed  Whiting  to  form  line  of  battle-a«d  "press 
through  the  woods  to  the  firing,  now  become  very  heavy. ^^i^aie  Texas 
brigade  was  posted  on  the  left,  with  the  Third  Brigade  on  the  right. 
Slowly  the  troops  advanced  through  dense  woods.  The  Telegraph 
Road  was  reached  at  4:00  P.M.  Heavy  artillery  firing  was  heard  in 
the  distance.  Here,  Whiting  met  General  Robert  E.  Lee  who  ordered 
him  to  mo\e  in  a  direction   "a  little  to  my  right. '(j^Ji^'hiting  wrote. 


In  the  Peninsula  77 

The  field  where  \\e  entered   it   was  about   the  head  of  the 

ravine,  which  covered  the  enemy's  left  near  the  main  road,   z. 

deep  and  steep  chasm,  dividing  the  bluffs  of  the  Chickahominy.(7^3^ 

The  scene  which  met  AVhiting's  eyes  was  appalling.  Men  were 
"leaving  the  field  in  every  direction  and  in  great  disorder."  Some 
regiments  ^vere  withdrawing  more  slowly  and  in  better  order.  ^Vhit- 
ing  saw  that  something  had  to  be  done  in  order  to  save  the  day  for 
the  Confederates.  He  quickly  ordered  the  First  Texas  Regiment  to 
charge  the  enemy  and  "go  over  them  or  through  them."  The  rest 
of  Hood's  Texas  brigade  was  ordered  for^vard,  fonning  their  line  of 
battle  on  the  right  of  thj&-Kavine.    The  Third  Brigade  was  advanced 


still  further  to  the  rightS^ith  a  wild  yell  the  men  charged  down  the 
hill.  At  the  bottoiru-^ve  found  solid  log  works  with  sharpened  sticks 
and  a  deep  ditch. "QiKoming  up  in  support  of  the  Texans,  the  Third 
Brigade  was  forced  to  change  front  to  a  position  parallel  to  the 
ravine  because  of  this  obstacle  and  the  general  nature  of  the  ground. 
The  men  pressed  for^vard  under  "a  destructive  fire"  from  the  enemy 
who  were  concealed  in  the  woods  and  "protected  by  the  ravine." 
Do^vn  into  the  ravine  went  the  men,  across  the  ditch,  heavily  de- 
fended by  the  enemy,  and  into  infantry  fire  from  rifle  pits  on  the 
other  side  of  the  stream.  Colonel  \jSiW  bravely  led  the  charge.  Colo- 
nel Aven'  was  severely  wounded  in  the  thigh,  a  Avoimd  ■(diich  dis- 
abled him  until  after  the  Battle  of  Antietam.  i,/i5y 

The  Sixth  kept  up  with  the  rest  of  the  brigade  as  it  swept  through 
the  enemy's  position.  Fourteen  pieces  of  artillery  were  captured  along 
with  "nearly  a  ^\hole  regiment  of  the  enemy."  At  the  Union  second 
line,  the  brigade  paused  imtil  General  Longstreet  sent  Brigadier 
General  Richard  H.  Anderson's  brigade  forward  as  reinforcements. 
Together  the  two  brigades,  ably  assisted  by  Hood's  Texans,  drove 
the  enemy  before  them  until  niglufall  found  the  Confederates  in 
full  possession  of  the  battlefieldU^ne  hard-fought  battle  of  Gains's 
Mill  had  been  won.  The  victors,  -ivorn  out  by  their  exertions,  slept 
upon  the  field.  The  feelings  of  these  men  are  expressed  by  a  member 
of  the  Sixth  who  wrote. 

Our  regiment  slept  on  the  outposts  of  the  battle-field  that 
night,  and  no  doubt  every  one  enjoyed  the  night's  rest  after  the 
day's  march  and  fatigue  as  Avell  or  better  perhaps  than  ever 
before.  No  one  who  has  never  slept  upon  a  battle-field  can  pos- 
sibly have  any  coiTect  idea  of  the  deep  solemnity  that  seems  to 
pen'ade  the  place.  One  can  almost  imagine  he  can  hear  the 
flitting  of  departing  spirits  as  they  unwillingly  leave  the  fallen 
tenements  of  clay  that  now  lie  the  chosen  victims  of  the  ravages 
of  war.  The  time  has  been  when  we  coidd  not  have  slept  with 
hundreds  of  dead  and  dying  almost  \\-ithin  reach,  but  that  night 
I  slept  sweetly  and  dreamed  as  j^leasantly  as  ever  before  in  my 


78  The  Bloody  Sixth 


life,  and  it  was  sometime  after  I  awoke  next  morning  before  I 
could  fully  realize  that  I  had  passed  through  such  scenes  on  the 
day  before,  and  that  daylight  might  again  bring  on  something  of 
the  same  again. //^^ 


When  the  sun  rose  the  writer  was  pleasantly  surprised  to  find  that  the 
enemy  had  left  "under  the  cover  of  darkness. "(^p 

Whiting  was  obviously  pleased  with  the  results  of  the  action. 
He  singled  out  Colonel  E.  M.  Law,  brigade  commander  of  the  Third 
Brigade,  for  special  praise.  And  he  stated,  "Lieut.  Col.  I.  E.  Avery, 
Sixth  North  Carolina,  was  wounded,  the  command  devolving  on  Maj. 
R.  F.  Webb,  who  ably  sustained  his  pan.'Ospiie  Sixth  Regiment,  al- 
though not  so  hotly  engaged  as  some  of  the  other  units,  sustained  a 
loss  of  five  killed  and  foKty-seven  wounded.  The  total  loss  for  the 
Third  Brigade  was  447viit\niiting  stnnmed  up  his  opinion  by  saying, 
"The  battle  was  very  severe,  hotly  contested,  and  gallantly  w'on.'C^!/ 

Command  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  now  finally  passed  to  Major 
Robert  Frederick  Webb,  of  the  Flat  River  Community  in  north- 
eastern Orange  Coiuity  (now  Diuham  County)  .  Webb,  a  handsome 
but  morose  man  of  imposing  appearance  with  a  full  beard,  was  born 
on  April  25,  1825,  in  Washington,  D.  C.  His  family  moved  to  Balti- 
more when  he  was  still  a  child.  In  1847,  he  emigrated  to  North 
Carolina.  After  sei^vice  in  the  Mexican  War,  he  returned  to  Orange 
County  and  resumed  the  life  of  a  planter.  In  1850,  he  married  Miss 
Amanda  Mangum,  a  cousin  of  United  States  Senator  Willie  P. 
Mangimi,  in  the  latter's  home  near  Rougemont.  Webb  became  Cap- 
tain of  Company  B,  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment  in  April,  1861. 
He  was  a  great  friend  of  the  Mangums  as  evidenced  by  his  many 
letters   in   their  correspondence. (/J^ 

Webb  seems  to  have  been  a  good  soldier,  kind  husband,  but  a 
jealous  and  embittered  man.  There  is  an  undertone  of  dislike  for 
Colonel  Isaac  Avery  in  some  of  his  correspondence,  particularly  in 
the  above-mentioned  dispute  over  the  regimental  colonelcy  in  June, 
ISGiiiriiis  barely  concealed  ill-feeling  would  be  seen  again  and  again 
in  the  months  ahead. 

On  tlie  morning  of  Saturday,  June  28,  \Vhiting  moved  his  divi- 
sion back  across  the  ravine  which  they  had  crossed  in  the  Battle  of 
Gains's  Mill,  to  a  position  half  a  mile  in  the  rear.  Here  the  troops 
were  halted  and  a  temporary  camp  was  erected.  There  were  buildings 
near  by — McGehee's  House  and  Farm — a  position  which  had  been  the 
extreme  right  flank  of  the  Union  line  and  the  end  of  the  causeway 
over  the  Chickahominy  swamps.  The  Confederates  remained  in  this 
position  all  day  and  throughout  the  night  of  June  28.  On  the 
29th,  the  men  remained  in  position,  not  moving  forward  until  Mon- 
day morning,  June  30.  As  the  division  advanced  on  the  morning 
of  the  30th,   it  crossed   the  Chickahominy   River  using  the   Union- 


In  the  Peninsula  79 

built  causeway  and  bridge  (which  had  been  repaired  by  the  Con- 
federates) .  The  Union  camps,  empty  now,  were  quickly  passed,  as 
well  as  the  York  River  Railroad.  Marching  by  way  of  the  Williams- 
burg Road,  the  division  turned  off  at  the  White  Oak  Bridge  Road. 
Whiting's  men  reached  White  Oak  Swamp  at  noon.  The  bridg^e^-was 
destroyed  "and  the  enemy  drawn  up  beyond  in  line  of  battle. 'NjJJRit- 
teries  of  artillery  were  brought  up  and  fire  was  opened  upon  the 
enemy.  Although  the  Confederate  fire  caused  some  weakening  of 
the  Union  resistance,  the  Confederates  were  still  prevented  from^ — 
advancing  by  "a  distant  and  random  fire  of  shell  about  the  crossing."(2_^V 

While  Whiting's  men  were  drawn  up  in  line  waiting  to  cross 
White  Oak  Swamp,  they  heard  the  sounds  of  the  Battle  of  Frazier's 
Farm  being  fought  "scarcely  2  miles  from  us."  Since  Jackson's  corps 
was  advancing  in  the  rear  of  the  Union  forces  and  in  an  excellent 
position  to  strike  an  effective  blow  for  the  Confederate  cause.  Whit- 
ing's statement  that  "Our  delay  at  White  Oak  Bridge  was  unfor- 
tunate" seems  some^vhat  superfluous.  By  the  following  morning  the 
enemy  had  retired.  The  bridge  was  repaired  "and  the  troops  passed." 
Whiting's  division  was  in  the  advance,  following  the  road  to  Turkey 
Bridge,  farther  down  the  Chickahominy.  Some  of  General  John 
Bankhead  Magruder's  skirmishers  were  passed,  the  men  pressing 
until  the  advance  guard,  "a  regiment  of  cavah7,"  was  reached.  This 
regiment  was  fcmnd  in  a  thick  wood  near  Crew's  Fami.  It  was  11:00 
A.M.,  July  lU^head  was  the  enemy,  "very  strongly  posted."  His 
artillery  immediately  began  to  shell  the  road,  filled  Avith  the  men 
of  AVhiting's  division.  (||j> 

What  followed  might  be  termed  "the  debacle  of  Malvern  Hill." 
Here  McClellan's  formidable  artillei-y  was  placed  in  an  excellent 
position  to  completely  enfilade  the  Confederate  lines  as  they  moved 
to  the  attack.  Whiting's  description  of  the  situation  cannot  be  im- 
proved upon: 

To  our  left  was  a  very  large  wheat  field,  on  the  farm  of  Mr. 
Poindexter,  which  afforded  a  good  view  of  the  enemy's  position 
and  fair  opportunities  for  artillery.  Batteries  were  ordered  up. 
The  enemy's  position,  naturally  commanding,  was  materially 
strengthened  by  the  juchcious  distril)iuion  of  his  artillery.  (JY 


The  first  Confederate  battery  which  went  into  Poindexter's  field 
found  itself  exposed  to  a  "vastly  superior  crossfire,"  and  soon  was 
forced  to  retire,  although  without  any  casualties.  Other  batteries 
were  ordered  forward,  while  ^V'hiting  was  directed  by  General  Jack- 
son to  form  a  line  '^vith  my  right  on  the  road  in  the  wood,  advancing 
to  the  edge  in  front  and  holding  that."  It  was  in  this  position  that 
the  Sixth  Regiment  was  ordered  into  line  of  battle,  at  the  edge  of 
the  woods  near  Poindexter's  field,  completely  under  the  murderous 


80  The  Bloody  Sixth 

artillery  fire  of  the  enemy.  The  line  was  continued  by  Hood's  bri- 
gade across  Poindexter's  field.  The  men  found  what  protection  they 
could  in  hastily  improvised  trenches,  behind  the  young  wheat,  and  in 
natural  folds  of  the  ground.  Since  Whiting  has  been  ordered  to 
maintain  his  position,  his  men  were  forced  to  stay  where  they  were 
throughout  the  day,  enduring  the  terrible  fire.  Whiting  says  they  did 
this   "unflinchingly"    throughout    the   long  afternoon.  (7^> 

Whiting  wrote  that  the  enemy  "deployed  at  one  time  six  batteries 
in  front  of  our  center,  when,  opening  in  this  deployment  ^vith  ar- 
tillei7,  they  together  with  the  stationary  batteries  already  in  position, 
and  which  we  had  been  engaging  at  times  during  the  day,  all  opened 
a  terrific  fire  upon  Poindexter's  field.  .  .  .  JZIris  cross  fire  was  exces- 
sively severe  upon  the  supporting  troops. '(?iHeven  after  nightfall  the 
enemy  continued  to  shell  Poindexter's  field  and  the  adjacent  woods 
"with  rapid  and  heavy  fire."Gil2>-' 

The  Sixth  was  trapped  in  this  inferno  ^vithout  sufficient  shelter. 
A  member  of  the  Eleventh  Mississippi  Regiment,  in  the  Third  Bri- 
gade, wrote, 

I  saw  a  pine  tree  ciu  off  twenty  or  thirty  feet  from  the 
ground,  fall  on  the  6th  North  Carolina  Regiment,  killing  and 
^voundins'  fourteen  men.fTiT^ 


Webb  said  that  his  men  w-^i^  exposed  to  "ten  hours  of  the  heaviest 
cannonading  of  the  War.'^^^e  described  the  situation  in  eloquent, 
if  somewhat  exaggerated,  style: 

I  could  be  risked  in  command  of  this  Regt.  when  it  trembled 
on  the  verge  of  demoralization  to  hold  a  most  important  position 
ivhich  I  done.  ...  I  held  them  there  loosing  seventy-three 
men  in  the  tenible  hours  of  night  Avhen  my  men  lay  bleed- 
ing around  me  with  sixteen  officers  and  only  one  captain.  I  was 
asked  by  a  mesenger  from  the  general  can  you  hold  your 
position.  My  answer  was  yes  or  die  trying,  and  I  did  hold  it 
and  it  was  the  crowning  act  of  Malvern  Hill.  ((^ 

The  loss  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  was  extremely  high  at  Malvern 
Hill.  Captain  R.  F.  Carter  of  the  Hawfield  Boys,  Company  F,  was 
ntimbered  among  the  slain.  Although  it  is  true  that  most  of  the 
wounded  at  Malvern  Hill  were  only  slightly  hurt,  there  is  still  no 
answer  to  the  night  of  tenor  which  the  men  werejorced  to  spend  in 
the  open,  some  of  it  under  heavy  enemy  fireCiiifeeneral  Whiting 
praised  his  men  and  gave  an  accurate  reason  for  his  casualties  ^vhich 
totaled  123  in  the  Third  Brigade:(j^ 

My  list  of  casualties  is  almost  entirely  from  the  artillery 
fire  of  the  enemy,  for  scarcely  a  musket  was  fired  in  the  division. 


In  the  Peninsula  81 

When  the  immense  amount  of  their  artillery  is  considered,  the 
violence  and  duration  of  their  fire,  and  the  exposed  position  of 
the  troops,  the  loss,  thanks  to  God,  may  be  regarded  as  small, 
\vhile  the  courage  and  imfiinching  endurance  of  the  troops  are 
\\orthy  of  the  highest  praise. (^T?|) 

On  Wednesday  morning,  July  2,  a  heavy  rain  began  to  fall. 
soaking  the  weary  troops  who  "remained  in  bivouac  cooking."  The 
next  day  Jackson's  entire  corps  marched  toward  Westover  Plantation, 
but  bivouacked  near  Willis'  Church  when  it  was  discovered  that  the 
wrong  road  was  being  followed.  M  2:00  P.M.  on  the  3rd,  the  ene- 
my's outposts  were  "discovered  intrenched  at  Hening  Creek."  Since 
it  was  deemed  imprudent  to  attack  these  lines  the  corps  withdrew  in 
the  direction  of  Richmond.  The  Sixth  Regiment  arrived  at  the 
Confederate  capital  on   July  9.  d© 

As  soon  ai-\Vhiting  had  placed  his  command  on  "the  Heights  of 
Richmond,' <l$re  issued  a  series  of  disciplinary  orders,  an  occurrence 
which  seems  to  have  been  customary  in  both  the  Union  and  Con- 
federate Armies.  On  July  6,  brigade  commanders  were  ordered  to 
report  the  total  number  "of  effective  men  present"  in  their  com- 
mandi^i^his  was  followed  on  Jidy  10  by  a  more  detailed  order, 
General  Orders  Number  84,  which  directed  the  brigade  commanders 
to  return  their  men  "to  that  high  state  of  discipline  for  which  it  (the 
division)  was  so  much  noted  dining  its  stay  at  Fredericksburg,  Vir- 
ginia, in  March  and  April  last.'uiother  articles  in  the  order  reiter- 
ated orders  issued  at  Fredericksbtug  "relating  to  guards,  drills,  police, 
sinks,  &;c.;"  provided  for  the  stationing  of  sentinels  over  orchards, 
crops,  farms,  and  gardens:  enforced  the  regulations  "requiring  three 
stated  roll  calls  daily,  reveille  retreat  and  tattoo:"  and  annoimced  the 
observance  of  two  drills  a  day,  "in  the  u*«ining  from  6:00  to  7:30, 
and  in  the  evening  from  6:00  to  sunset. '^i^s  if  the  beleaguered  men 
of  the  Third  Brigade  didn't  have  enough  to  do,  more  orders  were 
issued  on  the  10th  restricting  the  granting  of  "any  military  pennit 
or  leave  whatsoever"  by  regimental  surgeons.  Soldiers  who  left  camp 
merely  upon  a  surgeon's  authority  would  be  subjected  to  a  llCharge 
of  'Absence  without  leave'  and  will  be  treated  accordingly. '(i-fThese 
examples  of  orders  which  concerned  the  Third  Brigade  and,  there- 
fore, the  Sixth  Regiment,  are  cited  to  illustrate  the  amazing  simi- 
larity between  army  life  then  and  now.  Few  records  exist  of  dis- 
agreement with  these  orders.  They  ^vere  obviously  considered  to  be 
proper,  and  accepted  in  that  light  by  the  men.) 

In  mid-July  the  old  feud  between  Colonel  Avery,  now  home  re- 
covering from  a  wound  received  at  Gains's  Mill,  and  Major  Webb 
was  renewed.  Avery  wrote  North  Carolina  Governor  Henry  T.  Clark 
on  Jidy  12  referring  to  a  conversation  which  Clark  had  recently  had 
with  Captain  Alphonso  C.   Avery,  Avery's  younger  brother.    Avei7 


82  The  Bloody  Sixth 

raged,  "I  no  longer  feel  any  delicacy  in  making  suggestions^ifh  re- 
gard to  promotions  in  the  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment. "^He  had 
learned  that  Webb  had  again  sent  in  his  resignation;  that  the  major 
was  still  determined  to  resign,  .'\fter  the  comment  that  the  regiment 
wouldn't  suffer  "in  discipline  or  efficiency"  by  Webb's  departure, 
Avery  wrote  an  interesting  exposition  about  who  might  be  expected 
to  fill  Webb's  position: 

Capt.  (Samuel  McDowell)  Tate  the  senior  Captain,  is  an 
excellent  officer  and  deserves  promotion  for  his  conduct  and 
qualifications  apart  from  the  claim  of  seniority.  I  would  there- 
fore recommend  him  above  any  other  for  any  office  which  may 
be,  or  become  vacant.  Capt.  Craige  is  next  in  rank  to  Capt.  Tate. 
His  appointment  to  a  Field  Office  would  be  acceptable  to  a 
majority  of  the  Officeis  in  the  Regt.  Should  Capt.  Craige  accept 
a  position  in  another  Regt.  however,  Capt.  York  would  be  next 
in  rank.  It  would  not,  in  my  opinion,  be  judicious  to  promote 
Capt.  York.  Capt.  Parrish,  the  fourth  captain  in  the  line,  is  an 
excellent  officer,  and  his  appointment  over  Capt.  York,  would  not 
only  result  in  good  to  the  service,  but  would,  I  believe,  be  ac- 
ceptable to  almost  every  officer  in  the  Regiment.  It  would  prob- 
ably be  better  (as  Capt.  Craige  has  already  made  arrangements 
to  leave  the  6th  Regt.)    than  Capt.  Parrish.  (J^ 

Avei7  concluded  with  the  hope  that  he  would  be  able  to  rejoin  his 
regiment  by  September  1,  even  if  he  weren't  completely  "fit  for 
service. "(TfJ) 

Webb  ably  presented  his  side  of  the  controversy  in  a  letter  writ- 
ten to  his  kinsman,  Adolphus  W.  Mangum,  a  Methodist  minister  and 
fonner   chaplain   of   the   regiment,    on   July   28.   ^Vebb    complained: 

My  unfortunate  position  of  Com  (m)  ander  of  this  Regt. 
has  been  closely  watched  even^^:pm  emissaries  from  that  sink 
of  polution.  I  wont  say  wher^J*T  could  be  risked  in  command 
of  this  Regt.  when  it  trembled  on  the  verge  of  demoralization  (at 
Malvern  Hill).  ...  I  bro(ugh)t  the  remnant  of  this  Regiment 
to  the  Heights  of  Richmond  broken  down,  cut  up,  and  in  a 
deplorable  condition.  Ask  any  one  of  the  numerous  gentlemen 
who  visit  this  camp  about  the  condition  of  the  men  here  they 
are  and  they  speak  for  themselves  (.)  I  have  toiled  hard  for 
them  and  my  labour  has  been  crowned  with  success  and  this 
from  the  man  they  could  not  promote  (.)  But  I  dont  mind  it 
and  hardly  think  I  would  have  any  thing  they  could  give  me. 
I  have  made  up  my  mind  as  soon  as  the  officers  come  to  take 
command  to  resign.  I  do  not  say  I  have  done  enough  I  am  will- 
ing to  do  more  but  in  a  position  where  my  services  will  at  least 
be  appreciated.(1?5) 

Webb  continued  his  letter  with  information  that  many  of  the  officers 
had  tendered  their  resignations.    Captains  Lea,  Kirkland,  and  Craige 


In  the  Peninsula  83 

were  included  in  this  number.  Even  General  \Vhiting  had  left,  "gone 
home  sick."  General  John  B.  Hood,  formerly  commander  of  the  Texas 
brigade  and  "a  man  we  all  love,"  had  assumed  command  of  the 
division. (TtJ) 

The  changes  ^^•hich  ^\'ebb  mentioned  are  noteworthy.  On  July 
17,  Captain  James  A.  Craige  of  Company  G^as  promoted  to  Major 
of  the  Fifty-se\enth  North  Carolina  TroopsfTHis  position  was  taken 
by  Benjamin  R.  Smitli(2^r.  Peter  A.  Holt,  regimental  surgeon,  wrote 
a  letter  on  July  26  to  accompany  the  resignation  of  Captain  John  ^\^ 
Lea.    Holt's  letter,  headed  "Camp  near  Richmond,"  explained, 

I  certify  that  I  have  been  intimately  associated  with  Capt. 
J.  W.  Lea  of  Co.  K.  6th  N.  C.  Regt.  as  surgeon  have  thoroughly 
examined  him  at  repeated  intervals  during  the  past  year,  and 
find  that  he  is  physically  a  feeble  man — having  a  constitutional 
predestination  for  tubercular  disease.  At  the  battle  of  Seven 
Pines  said  officer  received  a  painful  -ivound  of  the  right  hand 
destroying  its  use  for  practical  purposes,  besides  producing 
serious  impaimrent  of  his  health  rendering  his  temporary  aban- 
donment of  the  public  service  indispensibly  important/%5) 

Earlier  in  the  month,  Holt  himself  had  been  under  attack  by  no  less 
a  personage  than  General  ^Vhiting.  Holt  had  complained  of  certain 
orders  issued  by  \Vhiting  shortly  after  the  regiment  had  marched  to 
Richmond  from  the  battlefield  of  Malvern  Hill.  James  H.  Hill, 
Whiting's  assistant  adjutant  general,  wrote  to  Holt  on  July  13  that, 

The  Brig.  Genl.  comdg.  to  whom  yoiu-  note  of  yesterday  has 
been  submitted,  directs  me  to  inform  you  that  it  is  highly  im- 
proper, if  not  disrespectful.  He  is  disposed  ho^vever  to  attribute 
it  to  ignorance,  on  your  part  of  both  the  orders  of  ^vhich  you 
complain  &  of  militai7  etiquette — and  further,  if  you  desire 
to  leave  the  3d.  brigade  simply  because  of  the  discipline  which 
exists,  it  is  his  opinion  that  you  cannot  leave  it  too  soon. (fZj^ 

July  passed  slowly  in  the  camps  near  Richmond.  On  the  10th 
Whiting  ordered  picket  guards  to  be  posted  on  the  Meadows-  Bridge 
Road,  the  Mechanicsville  Turnpike  and  the  York  River  Railroad. (^^ 
Strict  orders  were  issued  governing  passes  to  Richmond.  Only  two 
commissioned  officers  from  each  regiment  and  t-(\'o  enlisted  men  from 
eacli  company  could  be  absent  in  the  capital  at  one  time.  The  passes 
were  strictly  regulated  because  the  company,  regimental,  and  brigade 
commanders  had  to  approve  then{3^n  Jidy  11,  directions  were 
given  for  the  establishment  of  a  divisional  field  hospital  "in  houses 
to  be  rented  if  such  can  be  conveniently  found  within  the  lines, 
otherwise  imder  canvas  to  which  all  the  sick  \\ill  be  sent  to  be  at- 
tended by  their  own  Medical  officers. "(7^7) 


84  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Amidst  these  unfortunate  officer  resignations  and  the  overly-strict 
military  etiquette  insisted  upon  by  martinet  Whiting,  there  was  a 
bit  of  welcome  news.  Whiting  issued  General  Orders  Number  88  on 
July  25,  which  directed, 

The  regiments  of  the  five  brigades  of  this  division  now  pres- 
ent will  have  inscribed  on  their  battle  flag  the  names,  "Seven 
Pines,  Gaines  Farm  8c  Malvern  Hill."  In  addition  to  the  above 
the  regts  of  the  Texas  Brigade,  the  Hampton  Legion  &  the 
6th  N.  C.  will  have  the  word  Eltham's  Landing  put  on  their 
colors  &  all  the  regiments  of  the  3d.  Brigade  including  the  Le- 
gion the  word  Manassas. (Tip 

This  was  real  praise  for  men  ^vho  had  been  baptized  on  the  plains  of 
Manassas  and  in  the  peninsida.  They  were  veterans  now.  This  was 
their  contribution  to  the  past  and  their  hope  for  the  future. 


VIII 


From  Richmond  to  Fredericksburg 


"On  the  29th,  the  Regiment  supported  tlie  battery  in  the  centre 
.  .  .  the  men  firing  until  their  muskets  were  so  hot  they  could  scarcely 
handle  them." 

Anonymous  membkr  of  the  Sixth  Regiment. 

NeWSPAITR    CIIPl'INC    IN    THE    A.    ^V.    MANGUM    PAPERS. 


On  the  morning  of  July  28,  1862,  the  encampment  of  the  Sixth 
Regiment  was  moved  to  a  position  about  two  miles  from  Richmond 
on  the  Meadow  Bridge  Road.  It  was  a  pleasant  day  with  large  niun- 
bers  of  troops  on  the  move,  some  arriving  to  reinforce  the  army  before 
Richmond,  others  being  sent  to  support  General  Thomas  J.  Jackson  in 
his  movement  to  the  northCi^Iajor  Webb  sat  down  to  write  what  must 
rank  as  one  of  the  most  revealing  complaints  of  modern  military 
history  to  his  friend  and  cousin  Adolphus  \W  Mangum.  He  began 
1)\  complaining  of  the  lack  of  mail:  "1  have  ^vritten  to  you  several 
times  since  the  great  batiles  belo\\'  Richmorul  but  not  a  line  have  I 
received  only  one  short  letter  from  ,\iiiandiT°yesterday  dated  the  11th 
of  the  month  hoiv  it  is  I  am  at  a  loss.l^AVebb  was  anxious  to  hear  from 
Mangimi  and  his  other  friends  in  North  Carolina.  He  continued  by 
expressing  anger  at  "Enemys  who  gave  me  more  pain  than  the  merci- 
less foes  in  the  field."  After  a  brief  review  of  the  military  situation 
below — "The  Enemy  are  helpless  and  having  entrenched  themselves 
are  safe  while  we  equally  helpless  are  in  no  condition  to  strike" — 
and  the  usual  prophecy  that  the  Union  forces  "are  driving  on  to  their 
own  destruction,"  Webb  began  to  bitterly  complain  of  the  high  price 
of  food  stuffs.   He  lamented: 

Even  i\hile  I  am  writing  there  is  two  or  three  waggons  ped- 
dling chicken  soup  one  chicken  to  a  barrel  25  cents  a  cup-full 
black  berry  dumplings  size  1  poiuider  smoothbore  would  answer 
for  shrapnall  50  cents  a  dumpling,  a  small  farm  in  N.  C.  might 
buy  a  suit  of  clothes.  .  .  .   We  get  no  coffee  and  we  get  only  what 

85 


86  The  Bloody  Sixth 

we  buy  from  the  land  sharks  about  Richmond  coffee  250  (dol- 
lars) per  pound  tea  20  dollars,  sugar  one  dollar,  molasses  eight 
dollars  per  gallon.(^ 

His  bitterest  complaint  was  directed  against  "swell  heads"  who 
withheld  captured  supplies  from  the  Confederate  troops.  Some  vine- 
gar and  a  supply  of  tents  had  been  captured  from  the  enemy,  but  had 
not  been  distributed  to  the  men.  Webb's  bitterness  over  this  fact  rose 
to  an  unstable  key: 

Yet  these  things,  while  we  ivho  have  born  the  brunt  of 
battle  and  suffered  are  only  insidted  by  those  who  have  the 
power  to  do  so.  A  Major  here  has  not  the  same  privi ledge  of  a 
negro  at  home — he  has  only  one  master  while  I  have  three  to 
ask  for  the  little  priviledge  of  going  to  town,  but  I  would  not 
murmur  at  this  -ivere  I  treated  as  a  gentleman  or  white  man.^ 

Perhaps  the  most  interesting  statement  in  an  unusually  interesting 
letter  is  the  phrase,  "I  do  not  write  this  in  any  spirit  of  complaint. 
If  I  was  to  do  that  I  should  complain  at  som  (e)  thing  more  impor- 
tant.vain  spite  of  his  tendency  to  complain,  Webb  was  optimistic  about 
some  things,  except  for  the  moving  of  troops  near  the  normally  quiet 
Confederate  camp.  Webb  noted  that  "it  is  a  rare  thing  to  even  hear 
the  soimdjaf  a  gun."  Another  bright  point  concerned  the  previously 
mentione(S3accession  of  General  Hood  to  the  command  of  Whiting's 
old  division.  Hood  was  well-liked,  "a  man  we  all  love."  Also, 
Webb's  health  "is  pretty  good,"  even  though  "care  and  trouble  has 
made  its  mark  upon  me."  Webb  was  confident  in  some  aspects  of 
the  future: 

I  bear  up  under  it  trusting  in  God  ^vho  has  never  forsaken 
me.  I  am  confident  I  have  been  the  object  of  God('s)  special  mercy 
for  which  I  am  thankful  .  .  .  give  my  love  to  every  body,  write  ■ 
to  Amanda  often  and  cheer  her  up  if  you  see  any  thing  in  the 
papers  cut  it  out  and  send  it  to  me.  May  this  horrid  war  end  ; 
soon  and  may  we  meet  with  sweet  peace  smiling  over  our  wonce 
happy  land  soon.  ■■■(£) 

Diu-ing  the  month  of  July  several  unrelated  communications  were 
sent  regarding  the  Sixth  Regiment  which  might  be  mentioned  at 
this  point.  On  the  12th  the  fiery  Whiting  wrote  directly  to  General 
Lee  from  "1st  Division  1st.  Corps  Dills  Fami,"  requesting  action 
"on  my  application  to  be  restored  to  my  proper  position  in  this 
army."  Whiting's  force  consisted  of  only  t^\'o  brigade^jMoo  small  a 
command  for  an  officer  accustomed  to  leading  five  brigades  into 
action.  He  was  especially  anxious  to  be  detached  from  the  com- 
mand of  General  Jackson,  an  officer  noted  for  his  strict  application 


is  not   in- 


From  Richmond  to  Fredericksburg  87 

of  militan'  discipline.    Since  Whiting  had  been  in  long  association 
with  the  Sixth  Regiment,  a  portion  of  his  letter  is  worth  repeating 
although  a  complete  biography  of  this  interesting  officer 
tended  at  this  point.    "Whiting  wrote, 

I  understand  that  the  service  on  -ivhich  I  -went  was  to  be 
special  and  temporary.  How  that  service  has  been  perfonned  is 
^\ell  kno\\n.  You  called  my  attention  to  the  fact  that  I  made 
application  to  go  upon  it.  I  should  scarcely  have  done  so,  could 
I  have  thought  that  advantage  would  be  taken  of  that  application 
made  in  good  faith  for  the  public  good,  to  reduce  my  command, 
to  throw  one  of  my  best  officers,  Genl.  Hamptmi  entirely  out  to 
place  me  in  a  position  after  t^\o  severe  battles«iiferior  to  that  I 
occupied  before  8;  to  continue  me  permanently  detached  from  the 
1st.  Corps.  If  this  be  the  intention  &;  it  is  my  misfortune,  please 
to  let  me  kno-w.nn 

Whiting  had  another  brush  with  Lee  on  the  21st,  Avhen  he  ^vrote 
the  great  Virginian  to  "respectfully  request  to  know  by  ivhat  au- 
thority" Captain  Nathaniel  Scales  of  the  Sixth  North  Carolina 
Regiment  and  Captain  Barksdale  of  the  Eleventh  Mississippi  Regi- 
ment "are  absent  or  detached  from  their  regiments."  Scales  was  re- 
ported to  Whiting  as  serving  in  >he  position  of  brigade  quartermaster 
with  Brigadier  General  PendeK!3''formerly  in  my  division  with  his 
command."  Barksdale  ^vas  serving  imder  his  brother  Colonel  William 
Barksdale  who  commanded  "the  late  Brig.  Genl.  Griffith's  brigade. "(l£,' 
Whiting  was  angry  because  no  "official  intimation"  had  been  given 
him  of  the  changes.  He  siunmed  up  his  feelings  about  the  two 
officers  bv  ivriting, 

Both  are  good  officers  &  I  should  dislike  exceedingly  to  have 
to  use  harsh  measures  with  them.  Unless  they  can  sho-sv  your 
aiuhority  for  their  absence  from  their  regiments  I  shall  be  com- 
pelled to  take  them  in  arrest.  ^ 

On  July  23,  the  regiments  composing  the  Third  Brigade  ivere 
the  Fourth  Alabama,  Colonel  Evander  M.  Law;  the  Second  Missis- 
sippi, Colonel  J.  M.  Stone;  the  Eleventh  Mississippi,  Colonel  P.  F. 
Liddell;  and  the  Sixth  North  Carolina,  ColoneLJ.  E.  Avery  (no^v 
commanded  by  Major  Webb  in  Avei7's  absence)03n  the  same  date 
La\\'s  brigade  became  a  part  of  Hood's  division,  connnanded  by 
Brigadier  General  John  Bell  Hood,  past  commander  of  the  famed 
Texas  brigade.  Hood's  new  division,  besides  La^v's  brigade,  was 
composed  of  Brigadier  General  |.  Ix  Robertson's  brigade,  the  First, 
Fourth  and  Fifth  Texas  Regiments.  QiJ 

On  Jtdy  25,  Lee  had  written  President  Davis  an  interesting  letter 
which  sheds  important  light  on  the  Confederate  militai-y  policy  of 


88  The  Bloody  Sixth 

brigading  units  from  the  same  states  together.  Writing  in  "reply 
to  the  letter  of  Col.  Liddell"  of  the  Eleventh  Mississippi  Regiment, 
Lee   explained, 

...  I  have  the  honor  to  state  that  I  consider  the  brigade  to 
which  they  are  now  attached  a  Mississippi  brigade  (Law's  bri- 
gade) .  Ttvo  of  the  four  regiments  which  compose  it  are  from 
Mississippi  (Eleventh  and  Second  Mississippi  Regiments),  and  it  is 
commanded  by  a  Mississippian.  It  is  my  intention,  as  soon  as  the 
Forty-second  Mississippi  Regiment,  lately  arrived  in  Richmond, 
Colonel  Miller,  can  be  \\ithdra^\n  from  the  city,  to  assign  it  to 
that  brigade,  and  to  attach  the  Sixth  North  Carolina,  now  with 
it,  to  Colonel  ^Valker's  brigade.  I  should  like  to  obtain  a  fourth 
Mississippi  regiment  to  replace  the  Fourth  Alabama:  it  would 
then  be  entirely  composed  of  Mississippi  regiments..  If  the  Elev- 
enth and  Second  are  now  withdrawn  from  it,  it  will  break  up  a 
veteran  brigade,  distinguished  for  good  service  from  the  begin- 
ning of  the  war  in  Virginia,  and  will  leave  General  ^Vhiting, 
an  officer  from  Mississippi,  without  a  brigade. (^ 

On  August  7,  1862,  the  Sixth  Regiment,  together  with  the  rest 
of  Hood's  division,  began  to  march  to^\ards  .\shland.  On  the  9th, 
the  march,  ivhich  had  been  interrupted  by  a  day  of  rest  near  Ash- 
land, was  continued.  That  night  the  men  bivouacked  about  three 
miles  north  of  Ashland(2y^ood  had  received  orders  on  the  7th  to 
"move  your  command  over  to  the  Brook  Turnpike  (north  of  Rich- 
mond) ,  taking  position  near  Brook  River,  having  especial  care  for 
all  standing  crops  and  against  damaging  private  property  or  depre- 
dating in  any  manner  by  men  of  yotn-  command. '(^The  enemy  had 
been  reported  to  be  moving^  in  considerable  force  "by  the  Telegraph 
Road  toward  Richmond.'^Perhaps  the  men  of  the  Sixth  would  see 
action  again,  after  a  lull  of  over  a  month. 

Hoocl's  command  -(vas  ordered  to  move  towards  Hanover  Court 
House  on  the  8th.  The  General  "must  make  arrangements  for  'his' 
sick.  Yoiu-  very  sick  can  be  sent  to  the  hospitals  in  Richmond.  The 
others  I  hope  will  be  well  enough  to  accompany— you.  Take  your 
wagon  train  and  batteries.  They  must  march. '(2iOn  and  on  the 
command  marched,  the  Sixth  along  with  the  rest.  On  August  10,  the 
men  marched  into  Hanover  Juiie^pn.  By  the  14th  the  regiment  was 
marching  towards  Gordonsvillep^nder  orders  from  Lee  to  Hood 
Avhich  stated, 

Having  received  information  that  Binnside's  forces  have 
left  Fredericksburg  to  join  (General  John)  Pope,  unless  you  know 
to  the  contrai7  I  clesire  you  to  march  at  once  with  your  command 
to  Gordonsville  and  report  to  General  Longstreet.  6j) 


From  Richmond  to  Fredericksburg  89 

Lee  wrote  Longstreet  at  the  same  time: 

...  as  soon  as  I  learned  yesterday  that  Burnside  had  left  Fred- 
ericksburg I  ordered  Hood  to  march  and  report  to  you.  Send  him 
-ivord  to  ^vhat  point  to  direct  his  march.  You  can  stop  the  troops 
in  transit  from  here  at  Louisa,  if  you  thipk  fit,  and  direct  them  to 
move  to\vard  the  Rappahannock.  .  .  .  [2^ 

Hood's  division,  along  with  ten  brigades  under  Longstreet,  and 
Stuart's  cavalry  were  directing  their  march  to\\ard  Gordonsville  to 
meet  the  enemy.  (iS) 

Hardly  anyone  in  the  Sixth  Regiment  had  time  to  notice  that 
voung  Lieutenant  William  E.  McMannen  of  Company  B  (Flat  River 
Guards)  had  died  on  August  14  "of  a  disease  incurred  by  ex- 
haustion and  exposure"  on  the  field  of  Manassa^sSpew,  also,  had  taken 
time  to  understand  the  important  implications  imposed  by  the  elec- 
tion of  young  Zebulou— fiaird  \^ance  to  the  governorship  of  North 
Carolina  on  August  8£5(Ien  ^dio  had  a  war  to  fight  had  no  time 
to  think  of  secondary  things. 

In  the  afternoon  of  August  22,  Longstreet  sent  Hood  \vith  his 
two  brigades  to  relieve  General  Isaac  Trimble,  stationed  at  Freeman's 
Ford  on  Hazel  River,  a  tributary  of  the  Rappahannock.  Trimble  was 
engaged  in  protecting  Jackson's  wagon  train.  Just  as  Hood  arrived 
-ivith  his  men,  a  considerable  force  of  the  enemy  crossed  the  river,  but 
was  forced  back  "after  a  short  bin  spirited  engagement. "(*£/ 

According  to  General  Hood, 

On  August  22,  agreeably  to  orders  of  the  commanding  gen- 
eral. I  proceeded  to  Freeman's  Fort  to  relie\e  General  Trimble's 
brigade.  On  my  arrival  in  the  afternoon  I  found  the  enemy  had 
crossed  over  the  river  and  were  in  the  immediate  front  of  General 
Trimble.  The  Texas  brigade  being  placed  on  the  right  and 
Colonel  Law's  on  the  left,  that  attack  was  made  at  once.  General 
Trimble  leading  off  in  the  center.  The  enemy  was  driven  pre- 
cipitately over  the  Rappahannock  with  considerable  loss,  not  less, 
I  think,  than  from  200  to  oOO./^J) 

Hazel  River  had  been  little  more  than  a  heavy  skirmish.^2^ 

On  the  night  of  August  23,  the  division  marched  to  Waterloo 
Ford  on  the  upper  Rappahannock  River,  where  the  men  relieved 
General  A.  P.  Hill's  division  of  Jackson's  corps.  The  line  of  march 
was  resumed  toward  Thoroughfare  Gap  in  the  Bidl  Run  Mountains. 
By  the  evening  of  August  28,  the  men  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  were 
able  to  bivouac  "for  the  night  beyond  the  Gap."^/) 

The  stage  was  set  for  Lee's  defeat  of  General  Pope  in  the  Battle 
of  Second  Manassas.  In  accordance  with  prearranged  plans.  Law's 
brigade   marched   toward   Manassas  J  miction   in   the   early   morning 


90  The  Bloody  Sixth 

of  March  29.  When  the  cohimn  reached  Gainesville,  on  the  War- 
renton-Alexandria  Turnpike,  "the  line  of  march  changed  abnaptly 
to  the  left,  along  the  turnpike,  in  the  direction  of  Centreville." 
When  Law  had  arrived  at  a  point  about  midway  between  Gaines- 
ville and  the  stone  house  at  Manassas,  which  latter  place  "is  situated 
at  the  junction  of  the  turnpike  and  the  Sudley  Ford  Road,"  he  was 
ordered  to  form  his  brigade  into  line  of  battle  to  the  left  of  the 
turnpike  "and  almost  at  right  angles  with  it."  Law's  right  flank 
was  resting  on  the  road,  his  left  connected  with  Jackson's  line  of 
battle.  The  Texas  brigade  had  previously  been  fomied  on  the  right 
of  the  turnpike,  its  left  flank  joining  Law's  right.  The  men  slowly 
moved  fonvard,  supported  by  a   "strong  line  of  riflemen   in   front. "Q^ 

As  the  Confederates  advanced,  the  enemy  skirmishers  were  slowly 
cb"iven  back.  The  brigade  finally  anived  at  a  commanding  position 
"in  front  of  the  enemy,  about  three-foiuths  of  a  mile  from  Dogan's 
house,  which  seemed  to  be  the  center  of  his  position."  'While  the 
brigade  was  in  this  position,  the  enemy  opened  a  severe  fire  upon  it 
from  his  batteries.  A  halt  was  ordered  until  Confederate  artillery 
could  be  brought  forward  to  reply  to  the  enemy's  fire.  The  Confed- 
erates placed  their  artillery  on  a  ridge  to  Law's  left  ajid  rear,  "and 
opened  fire  with  marked  effect  upon  the  enemy. '?23JAccording  to 
Colonel  Law, 

The  fire  of  the  artillery  and  skinnishers  continued  almost 
without  intermission  until  near  4:00  p.m.,  when  heavy  musketry 
on  my  left  announced  an  attack  of  the  enemy  on  General  Jack- 
son's position.  Soon  after  this  attack  commenced  a  brigade  of 
General  Jackson's  conmiand  moved  oiu  of  the  wood  on  my  left, 
drove  the  enemy  from  his  position  on  the  ridge  to  the  left  of  the 
hamlet  of  Groveton,  and  captured  a  piece  of  artillery  posted  there. 
I  immediately  moved  my  line  forward  as  far  as  Groxeton,  where 
it  was  halted  on  a  line  with  the  troops  to  my  Jeft.(3^ 

At  6:00  P.M.  a  Union  battery,  supported  by  infantry  and  cavalry, 
moved  forward  on  the  turnpike  to  within  400  yards  of  the  brigade's 
position.  Hood  ordered  Law  to  charge  the  enemy.  As  it  moved 
through  the  open  fields,  the  brigade  came  under  the  fire  of  the  Union 
battery;  then  it  received  a  devastating  fire  from  the  enemy's  infanti^. (5 
One  of  the  men  in  the  Sixth  North  Carolina  remembered,  , 

We  rose  up  from  behind  the  hill,  gave  tliem  a  deadly  volley, 
charged  them  over  a  mile,  when  we  were  compelled  to  halt,  as 
we  had  advanced  beyond  support,  and  our  brigade  consisted  of 
only  four  regiments  of  not  over  300  men  each.  We  captured  the 
battery  that  had  -ivorked  on  us  all  day.  Our  regiment  took  the 
colors  of  the  56th  Penn.,  and  the  4th  Alabama  and  1 1th  Mississippi 
also  captured  a  stand  of  colors  each,  and  2d  Mississippi  took  two 
guns.rjt) 


From  Richmond  to  Fredf.ricksblrg  91 

While  the  Sixth  ^vas  halted  in  a  corn  field,  "waiting  for  reinforce- 
ments, ^vhich  shoidd  protect  our  left  flank,"  it  was  charged  by  the 
Twenty-fifth  New  York  Regiment.  The  battle-tried  men  of  the  Sixth 
gave  the  enemy  a  volley  which  "soon  hushed  their  'Hun-ah  for  the 
Union,'  'The  Stars  and  Stripes,'  &;c."  The  Fourth  Alabama  \\as 
chargedat  this  time  by  a  squadron  of  cavalry,  "all  of  whom  were  cap- 
tmed.'QjAfter  reinforcements  had  arrived,  the  ^\'eai7  men  of  the 
brigade  retiu-ned  to  witliin  half  a  mile  of  their  formei_position  and 
established  their  line  across  the  Warrenton  Turnpike.  ^ 

It  had  been  a  busy  day  for  the  Sixth.  Earlier  in  the  afternoon 
Company  A,  under  Lieutenant  J.  Calder  Turner,  and  Company  I, 
under  Lieutenant  Wyatt  B.  Allen,  had  engaged  in  a  severe  skimiish 
^vith  the  enemy,  "the  men  firing^mtil  their  muskets  Avere  so  hot 
they  could  scarcely  handle  them.Xijhn  the  charge,  men  of  the  Sixth 
had  captured  Captain  J.  A.  Judson,  Assistant  Adjutant  General  to 
General  J.  P.  Hatch.    Judson 

.  .  .  stated  that  our  colimin  was  too  heavy  for  Gen.  (Rufus) 
King,  -^vho  had  only  16  Regiments.  He  was  thunderstruck  when 
he  found  out  that  they  had  been  ^vhipped  by  4  little  Regiments.^ 

The  ^vriter  of  the  above  was  high  in  his  praise  of  Colonel  Law,  saying 
that  the  colonel  "behaved  most  gallantly,  and  maneuvred  the  brigade 
finely,  and  so  did  Maj.  \V'ebb  our  regiment.  "@ 

During  the  night  Law's  brigade,  acting  under  orders  from  Gen- 
eral Hood,  fell  back  to  the  position  behind  Groveton  -svhich  they 
had  occupied  on  the  morning  of  the  29th.  @ 

In  the  early  morning  of  August  30,  the  enemy  "advanced  a 
heavy  line  of  skirmishers  toward  this  point."  The  Confederate  skir- 
mishers advanced  to  meet  them,  "and  sharp  skirmishing  continued 
until  about  3:00  p^ock  in  the  afternoon,  when  the  main  attack  of 
the  enemy  began. ''^)uring  this  heavy  skimiishing  the  Sixth  Regiment 
^\as  constantly  engaged,  "each  company  going  in  turn  (to  the  skirmish 
line)  one  hour  at  a  time."  Then  heavy  enemy  musketry  fire  opened 
to  the  left  of  the  brigade.  The  Confederates  coulrf-^e  everything 
"distinctly"  from  the  hilltop  which  they  occllpied^3>La^^•'s  brigade 
^vas  then  ad\anced  to  the  vicinity  of  Groveton  in  support  of  a  rifled 
battery  which  A\as  placed  in  an  advanced  position.  Here  the  brigade 
remaineil  for  half  an  hour  "under  a  terrific  fire  of  artillery,"  until 
orders  were  received  from  General  Hood  to  ad\ance  across  the  turn- 
pike to  the  left  of  the  Texas  brigade.  Law  moved  his  men  rapidly 
into  position  on  an  eminence  "a  few  hundred  yards  to  the  right  of 
the  road,  ^vhich  commanded  a  view  of  the  field."  Upon  close  observa- 
tion, La\\-  saw  large  numbers  of  Confederate  troops  pushing  toward 
the  right  in  the  direction  of  the  Blackburn  Ford  Road.  Being  imable 
to  "distinguish  the  locality  of  the  Texas  Brigade,"  and  observing  a 


92  The  Bloody  Sixth 

large  force  of  the  enemy  advancing  into  a  ravine  and  pine  woods 
directly  in  front  of  the  brigade's  position,  probably  to  support  a 
Union  battei-y  posted  at  IDpgan's  House,  Law  advanced  three  of  his 
regiments  "to  that  point. "(^f5y 

In  this  advance  Law  placed  the  Sixth  North  Carolina  and  the 
Fourth  Alabama  in  the  pine  woods,  while  the  Second  Mississippi  was 
posted  to  their  left  "and  at  the  foot  of  the  hill  on  which  the  house 
is  situated."  The  advance  of  these  three  regiments  was  delayed  for 
a  time  to  await  the  arrival  of  the  Eleventh  Mississippi,  which  had 
been  ordered  to  advance  against  the  battei7  from  the  left  of  the 
tiunpike.  During  this  interval  the  enemy  "advanced  on  the  right 
of  the  house,  but  was  repulsed  by  a  well-directed  and  destructive  fire 
from  the  Sixth  North  Carolina  and  Fourth  Alabama."  When  the 
Eleventh  Mississippi  Regiment  did  not  come  up,  Law  ordered  the 
Sixth  North  Carolina  to  unite  with  the  Fourth  Alabama  and  the 
Second  Mississippi.  Together  the  three  regiments  advanced  upon 
the  battery  which,  "taking  time  by  the  forelock,  escaped,  when  the 
infantry  was  beaten. \^f;^he  brigade 

.  .  .  then  kept  advancing  until  we  slept  on  the  battle-field  of 
Manassas,  which  was  strewn  thicker  than  on  the  21st  of  Jidy.  A 
Yankee  battery  was  placed  precisely  where  it  was  last  year — two 
battles  on  the  same  ground,  same  residts  and  similar  in  many 
other  respects, (I™ 

The  Eleventh  Mississippi  had  moved  to  the  right,  toward  the 
Chinn  House,  because  of  a  mistake  in  the  delivery  of  their  orders. 
The  regiment  fought  "gallantly  and  incurring  heavy  loss"  with  the 
troops  on  that  part  of  the  fieiiL  At  night  the  Mississippians  slept 
"on  oiu-  most  advanced  line."^W)) 

Law  had  high  praise  for  all  of  his  regimental  commanders — Colo- 
nel P.  F.  Liddell  of  the  Eleventh  Mississippi,  Colonel  Stone  of  the 
Second  Mississippi,  Lieutenant  Colonel  O.  K.  McLemore  of  the  Fotuth 
Alabama,  and  Major  Robert  F.  Webb  of  the  Sixth  North  Carolina. 
All  these  officers  "handled  their  men  ^vith  consummate  ability." (+^ 

Still,  for  the  Sixth  the  victory  had  been  bloody.  Captain  Benjamin 
F.  White,  commanding  Company  F  of  Alamance,  was  "severely 
woimded  in  the  arm,  and  it  is  feared  amputation  may  be  necessary." 
The  regiment  lost  a  total  of  6  killed  and  64  ^vounded;  total  for  Law's 
brigade  was  56  killeiL-a.nd  264  Abounded — a  heavy  price  to  pay  for 
an  incomplete  victor)l£3Lven  so,  the  men  of  the  Sixth  could  be  proud 
of  themselves.  During  the  various  engagements  they  had  performed 
very  ^vell,  revealing  many  basits^traits  of  courage  and  valor  in  the 
individual  Confederate  soldiei\£LPraise  was  high  for  the  manner  in 
which  Major  Webb  led  the  regiment.    One  of  his  men  wrote. 


From  Richmond  to  Fredericksburg  93 

It  Avill  be  gratifying  to  you  to  knots'  that  Maj.  Webb  com- 
manded the  regiment  superbly,  and  ^\as  compliments  by  all  .  .  . 
under  his  command  the  regiiiient  challenges  the  admiration  of 
the  commanding  Generals. (5^ 

Then  the  writer  added  a  word  of  praise  for  Captain  Richard  'Watt 
York: 

■\Ve  learn  that  Capt.  York  acted  as  Major  during  the  battles 
and  behaved  admirably. f^i) 

One  outcome  of  the  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  involved  some 
ambulances  captured  by  men  of  Hood's  division.  These  caused  Hood 
"somewhat  of  annoyance"  because  of  directions  given  Hood,  a  brig- 
adier, to  turn  them  over  to  the  brigade  of  General  Nathan  G. 
"Shanks"  Evans.    Hood  refused  this  order,  saying. 

Whereas  I  would  cheerfully  ha\e  obeyed  directions  to  deliver 
them  to  General  Lee's  Quarter  Master  for  the  use  of  the  Amiy, 
I  did  not  consider  it  just  that  I  should  be  required  to  yield  them 
to  another  brigade  of  the  division,  which  -svas  in  no  manner  en- 
titled to  them.  I  regarded  the  command,  ^\hich  had  captured 
them,  as  the  rightfid  owners  in  this  instance,  and  therefore  refused 
to  obey  the  order./'J^ 

Hood  T\'as,  "in  consequence,"  ordered  under  arrest,  an  order  which 
remained  in  force  until  the  Battle  of  South  Mountain,  September 
14,  1862.  @ 

Little  time  was  oiven  the  Sixth  Reoiment  to  muse  over  these  oc- 
currences.  The  march  into  Maryland  was  aljout  to  begin.  On  Sep- 
tember 1,  after  attending  to  the  necessar\'  burial  details,  the  divi- 
sion marched  from  the  vicinity  of  Sudley  Ford,  and  from  there  to 
Leesburg.  The  Potomac  ^\as  crossed  at  AVhite's  Ford  eight  miles 
above  Lpesburg  on  September  6:  "Frederick  City"  was  reached  on 
the  7th!5^he  march  was  so  rapid  that  friends  of  the  regiment  in 
North  Carolina  couldn't  keep  up  ^vith  its  movements.  A.  W.  Mangum 
wrote  to  his  sister  on  September  15: 

.  .  .  You  may  tell  Sister  Amanda  (^Lajor  Webb's  wife)  that 
the  Sixth  Reg.  has  Iseen  in  no  fight  since  the  ,"Oth  that  I  have  heard 
of.  They  were  not  in  the  fight  near  Centre\ille.  They  are  now* 
probably  in  Maryland.  I  do  not  expect  our  army  to  remain  there 
long.  I  send  a  letter  to  Mr.  Webb  (R.  F.  ^Vebb)  today  by  the 
hands  of  Capt.  (.\lphonso  C.)  or  Col.  (Isaac  E.)  Avei7  both  of 
whom  I  believe  are  going  on  by  here  tonight.  .  .  .  (j^ 

During  the  Sharpsbiug  campaign  an  incident  occurred  ^vhicli 
goes  far  to  reveal  the  spirit  of  Confederate  soldiers  in  general  and 


94  The  Bloody  Sixth 

North  Carolinians  in  particular.  The  First  Texas  Regiment  of  Colo- 
nel W.  J.  Wofford's  brigade.  Hood's  division  was  passing  close  to  the 
Sixth  North  Carolina.  One  of  the  Texans,  "with  more  wit  than 
discretion,"  called  out  to  the  Sixth,  "  'Halloa,  Fellers!  Have  you  a 
good  supply  of  tar  on  yoiu-  heels  this  morning?'  "  A  long,  lean  private 
in  the  Sixth  said  back  "pleasantly,  but  too  pointedly  to  be  mistuider- 
stood;  'and  it's  a  real  pity  you'ims  didn't  come  over  and  borrow  a 
little  the  other  day;  it  mout  have  saved  that  flag  o'  yoiu'n.'  (The  First 
Texas  hpxl  lost  its  flag  at  Sharpsburg  after  the  color  bearer  was 
killed.)  'P^his  spirit  would  be  put  to  the  test  shortly  in  a  battle 
noted  for  its  ferocity  and  desperation. 

Hood's  division  marched  from  Frederick  to  Hagerstown,  but  was 
immediately  ordered  to  march  back  to  Boonsborough  Gap,  some 
thirteen  miles  southeast  of  Hagerstown.  The  division  arrived  at  the 
crest  of  the  gap  "between  3  o'clock  and  4  o'clock  p.m.,"  in  time  to 
see  the  troops  of  General  D.  H.  Hill  "engaged  with  a  large  force 
of  the  enemy."  Hood  was  directed  to  form  his  troops  on  the  left 
of  the  Hagerstown  Pike.  Orders  soon  arrived  to  change  position  and 
form  a  line  to  the  right,  "as  our  troops  on  that  side  were  giving  way 
to  superior  numbers."  Learning  that  the  enemy  had  passed  to  the 
rear  of  the  Confederate  position.  Hood  moved  his  men  more  to  the  , 
river  "over  a  very  rugged  country  and  succeeded  in  getting  in  a 
position  to  receive  the  enemy."  Both  the  Texas  brigade,  no^r  under 
Colonel  W.  T.  WofFord,  and  the  Third  Brigade,  still  under  Colonel 
Law,  were  ordered  to  move  fonvard  with  fixed  bayonets,  "which 
they  did  with  their  tisual  gallantry,  driving  the  enemy  and  regaining 
all  of  our  lost  ground."  Nightfall  halted  further  pursuit,  but  not 
in  time  to  prevent  the  loss  of  Lieutenant  Colonel  O.  K.  McLemore 
of  the  Fourth  Alabama  Regiment,  "a  most  efficient,  gallant,  and 
valuable  officer.'^ 

While  the  infanti-y  was  clearing  Boonsborough  Gap  of  Lhiion 
forces,  the  Confederate  artillery,  commanded  by  Hood's  chief  of 
artillery.  Major  Frobel,  reached  the  summit  "with  his  three  batteries." 
Captain  Reilly's  Rowan  artillery,  "then  consisting  of  four  rifled 
pieces  and  t^^•o  howitzers,"  joined  Frobel  in  the  vicinity  of  the  Motui- 
tain  House,  but  refrained  from  firing  because  of  orders. (&£) 

Shortly  after  dark.  Hood  received  orders  to  withdraw  his  men, 
"and  for  this  division  to  constitute  the  rear  guard  of  the  army." 
The  two  weary  Ijrigades  slowly  fell  back  toward  Sharpsburg.  They 
arrived  on  the  hills  aljove  Antietam  Creek,  just  east  of  the  town,  at 
12:00  noon  on  the  15th.  Hood  was  directed  "to  take  position  in  line 
of  battle  on  the  right  of  the  road  leading  to  Boonsborough,  but  soon 
received  orders  to  move  to  the  extreme  left,  near  S*int  Mumma 
Church  (Dunker  Church) ,  on  the  Hagerstown  pike.t^iLaw  was  or- 
dered to  place  his  brigade  directly  on  the  Hagersto\vn   Pike  "about 


From  Richmond  to  Fredericksburg  95 

a  mile  from  Sharpsburg."  His  right  was  posted  at  the  Dunker 
Church,  "and  the  line  extended  along  the  turnpike  in  the  edge  of  a 
wood  :\hich  bordered  it  on  the  southwest."  On  the  other  side  of 
the  road  (to  the  northwest)  was  a  large  field  a  quarter  of  a  mile  wide. 
This  field  extended  along  the  whole  of  Law's  line  "and  beyond  it 
about  600  yards."  The  field  -ivas  bordered  bv  ^\-oods  on  the  northeast 
and  northwest.  There  was  a  gap  in  the  \\oods  at  the  north  corner 
of  the  field.@ 

Here  the  men  remained  throughout  the  15th  and  into  the  16th 
of  September,  waiting  for  the  enemy.  In  the  late  afternoon  of  the 
16th,  Union  forces  advanced  through  the  woods  in  front  of  Law's 
position.  Heavy  firing  broke  out  as  the  Confederate  skimiishers 
were  pushed  back.  At  this  junctine  Law  \\'as  ordeied  to  advance 
and  occupy  the  ^vood  in  which  the  fighting  Avas  going  on.  The 
enemy  fell  back  before  Law's  advance,  then  at  dark  iirs  was  driven 
"to  the  farther  side  of  the  wood,  toward  Antietam.'(2^he  brigade 
was  relieved  during  the  night  in  order  to  give  the  half-starved  men 
an  opportimity  to  cook  their  rations.  Hood  "quickly  rode  off  in 
search  of  my  wagons,  that  the  men  might  prepare  and  cook  their 
flour,  as  we  were  still  \\ithout  meat."  In  spite  of  Hood's  efforts,  dawn 
had  btpken  before  many  of  the  men  had  had  a  chance  to  cook  their 
foodl^jHood's  ivords  reveal  the  situation: 

Soon  thereafter  an  officer  of  La\\ton's  staff  dashed  up  to  me, 
saying,  'General  La\\ton  sends  his  compliments  A\'ith  the  request 
that  you  come  at  once  to  his  support.'  'To  arms'  was  instantly 
sounded  and  quite  a  large  number  of  my  brave  soldiers  were 
aoain  obliged  to  march  to  the  front,  leaving-  their  uncooked  ra- 
tions  m  camp,  g^ 

The  Third  Brigade  marched  toAvards  the  sound  of  battle  and  into 
the  open  field  across  the  Hagersto^vn  Pike.  Laiv  noticed  that  few 
Confederate  troops  were  on  the  field,  "and  these  seemed  to  be  in 
much  confusion."  These  men  were  still,  howei:er,  opposing  the 
enemy  advance  Avith  coin-age  and  determination>S3Law  immediately 
threw  his  brigade  into  line,  "facing  northward."  The  Texans,  under 
Colonel  Wofford,  had  moved  into  line  of  battle  on  Law's  left.  With 
a  concerted  movement  the  tivo  brigades  advanced  fonvard  against 
the  enemy  who  had  "advanced  half-way  across  the  field  and  had 
planted  a  hea\7  batten'  at  the  north  end  of  it."  Slo^\ly  the  enemy 
withdre^\-  before  the  Confederate  advance,  even  though  the  former 
were  "in  vastly  superior  force."  The  Fifth  Texas  and  the  Fourth 
Alabama  moved  into  the  ^voods  which  had  been  the  scene  of  heavy 
skii-mishing  the  night  before,  and  "dro\e  the  enemy  through  and 
beyond    it."     The    Sixth    Regimein    with    the    Second    and    Ele\enth 


96  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Mississippi  continued   to  advance   through   the  opem  field,   "driving 
the  enemy  in  confusion  from  and  beyond  his  guns.vrJrn  Law's  words, 

So  far,  we  had  been  entirely  successful  and  evei7thing  prom- 
ised a  decisive  victory.  It  is  true  that  strong  support  was  needed 
to  follow  up  our  success,  but  this  I  expected  every  moment. (^^ 

Law's  optimism  was  soon  to  be  shattered.  A  fresh  Union  force 
advanced  into  the  wood.  The  Confederates,  whose  losses  "had  been 
very  heavy,"  were  driven  to  desperation.  Their  ammunition  was 
expended,  while  many  of  the  men  were  in  need  of  food  and  rest. 
In  spite  of  these  handicaps  the  men  "held  their  ground,"  many  of 
them  obtaining  ammunition  from  the  pockets  of  their  dead  and 
wounded  comrades.  Law  saw,  however,  "that  this  state  of  affairs 
could  not  long  continue.  No  support  was  at  hand.  To  remain  sta- 
tionary or  advance  without  it  woidd  have  caused  a  useless  butchery." 
He  adopted  the  only  possible  alternative — ordering  his  men  back  "to 
the  wood  from  which  I  had  first  advanced."  The  Union  forces  fol- 
lowed very  slowly.  Law  re-formed  his  exhausted  men  behind  the 
Dunker  Church  and  waited  for  the  enemy.  At  this  moment  badly- 
needed  reinforcements  arrived  on  the  field,  giving  the  Third  Brigade 
the  opportunity  to  fall  back  "for  the  ]3iupose  of  obtaining  ammu- 
nition."(^ 

At  1:00  P.M.  Law  was  again  ordered  into  position  in  the  wood 
near  the  Dunker  Church.  Here  the  men  stayed,  "under  an  incessant 
cannonade,"  until  darkness  ended  the  long,  terrible  day.  During 
the  night  the  brigade  was  marched  back  half  a  mile  closer  to  Sharps- 
burg  where  it  remained  throughout  the  night  "and  the  following 
day."@ 

Losses  in  the  brigade  had  been  extremely  heavy.  Colonel  P.  F. 
Liddell  of  the  Eleventh  Mississippi  had  fallen  mortally  wounded; 
many  other  officers  were  wounded.  Major  Webb  (of  the  acid  dis- 
position) had  been  wounded  in  the  Sixth  and  temporarily  incapaci- 
tated for  field  duty.  Captain  Samuel  McDowell  Tate  iiad  also  "re- 
ceived wounds  while  gallantly  discharging  (his)  duty.(3^fany  lesser 
officers  had  been  killed  or  injured  in  the  Sixth.  Sergeant  Major 
Cornelius  Mebane  had  been  slightly  wounded  in  the  face;  Captain 
Houston  B.  Lowrie  of  Company  C  was  killed;  Lieutenant  Heni7  C. 
Dixon,  commanding  Company  F,  was  woiuided  in  the  head;  Lieuten- 
ant |ames  T.  Rosborough.  commanding  (>)mpany  G,  had  also  been 
wounded  in  the  head;  Lieutenant  Louis  Rothrock  was  "disabled  by 
concussiofu;'  The  regiment  suffered  a  total  of  8  killed  and  105 
woundec\3t'ossibly  the  most  severe  loss  suffered  by  the  regiment 
was  that  of  ^fajor  Webb,  who  was  severely  \w>unded  in  the  arm. 
Captain  Tate's  wound  was  inflicted  in  his  ueclS^aAv's  brigade  lost  a 
total  of  50  killed,  379  wounded,  and  25  missing  during  the  two  days's 


From  Richmond  to  Fredericksburg  97 

fighting  at  Sharpsbiug.  The  grand  total  of  loss^suffered  at  Manassas, 
Boonsborough  Gap,  and  Sharpsburg  was  788.  (vy 

The  Union  losses  at  Antietam  were  equally  great.  It  is  interesting 
to  note  that  General  Mansfield's  corps,  part  of  which  opposed  the 
Sixth  Regiment  near  DunkeK,^hurch,  had  1,746  men  cut  down  in 
about  one  and  a  half  hours.  (Z^ 

On  September  18,  Law's  brigade  was  marched  back  across  the 
Potomac  at  a  shallow  ford  bordered  by  steep  banks,  which  was  called 
Boteler's  Ford.  By  September  27,  the  men  were  encamped  near 
Winchester,  exhausted  by  the  hard  fighting  of  the  previous  month. ^6) 

Private  John  K.  Walker  of  Company  K  revealed  the  feeling  of 
the  men  in  the  ranks  about  the  battle  of  Sharpsburg  when  he  wrote, 

.  .  .  The  last  fight  both  sides  held  there  ground.  .  .  .  Some 
say  that  we  are  goingback  in  Maryland  again  but  I  cant  tell 
but  I  hope  not.  .  .  .  Opj) 

The  men  couldn't  go  back.  They  were  too  exhausted,  "nearly 
broke  down,  &  eat  up  with  lice."  Walker  said  that  he  and  his  com- 
rades "are  nearly  naked  and  barefooted.  ...  I  will  be  glad  when  I 
get  rid  of  my  rage  &  lice  &  get  near  some  railroad^-where  we  can 
hear  from  home  &:  can  get  something  from  home  too.'tZJThe  men  had 
been  unable  to  draw  food  rations  more  than  once  a  week.  Sometimes 
their  only  articles  of  food  were  green  corn,  apples  "&:  anything  that 
we  can  get. "(7?) 

In  spite  ofthese  privations  the  men  settled  down  to  a  dull  roiuine 
of  drill  and  tearing  up  the  track  of  the  Harper's  Ferry  &:  \Vinchester 
Railroad^^ife  was  so  dull  that  G.  T.  Beavers  of  Company  I  could 
only  write  his  family  of  routine  events: 

With  hapyness  do  I  seat  my  self  this  morning  to  drop  you  a 
few  lines  to  let  you  know  that  I  am  well  at  present  hoping  these 
few  lines  may  find  you  an  famly  well  as  ever  it  has  ben  som  time 
since  I  rote  to  you  but  I  hope  you  ^vill  excuse  me  for  my  chance 
has  ben-bad  an  paper  is  scerse  I  hav  been  at  the  hospital  for  som 
time  biu  am  now  with  the  boys,  but  few  of  them  are  here  (.)  som 
of  them  Avas  taken  prisners  and  som  wonded  and  som  sick  oiu" 
company  nimibers  45  but  8  of  them  is  conscript  (.) /yT) 

And  then  a  kind  thought  about  a  friend,  "sandy  Lewtes  has  iiat  com 
to  the  redg.  yet  the  last  I  hird  from  him  he  was  mending.V^Xxcept 
for  a  brief  description  of  the  Battle  of  Sharpsburg,  Beaver's  letter 
ended  on  the  familiar  note,  "It  is  now  diner  and  I  must  dose.  I 
hope  the  Lord  -will  be  Avith  you  all  through  all  our  trials." (£^ 

October  passed  in  the  regiment's  camp  \vithout  incident.  The 
men  merely  remained  in  their  camp  near  a  big  spring  northwest 
of  Winchester@Ai  describing  this  camp   [ohn  K.  AValker  Avrote, 


98  The  Bloody  Sixth 

...  we  are  in  camp  6  ms.  this  side  of  Winchester.  .  .  .  We 
are  in  a  tolerable  good  place  where  the  water  is  good  and  handy, 
but  wood  to  cari-y  a  good  ways.  I  dont  know  how  we  are  going  to 
stay  here  there  is  some  talk  of  iis  going  to  Staunton  about  90  ms. 
from  here,  they  are  moving  all  of  our  wounded  and  sick  there 
from  Winchester,  ^f) 

Toward  the  end  of  the  month  McClellan,  commanding  the 
Union  forces  at  Harper's  Ferry  and  in  Maryland,  began  to  move  into 
Virginia  on  a  line  east  of  the  Blue  RidgaljEolonel  Avery,  recently 
retiuned  from  North  Carolina,  wrote  to  his  sister  Laura  on  October 
18: 

Day  before  yesterday  I  rec'd.  an  order  not  to  allow  any  one  to 
leave  camp  limits  as  we  were  likely  to  be  ordered  to  march  any 
moment.  At  1  o'clock  A.  M.  yesterday  had  an  order  to  prepare 
three  days  rations  Sc  be  ready  to  march  at  day  light.  Laid  on  our 
arms  all  day  when  after  dark  got  a  message  that  'there  woidd  be 
no  move,'  This  morning  ordered  to  resuuie  drill  &c.  as  usual.  I 
have  no  idea  what  caused  the  sensation. (£7) 

Avery  continued  by  expressing  th^eeling  that  the  Army  of  Northern 
Virginia  "is  the  fighting  army.'tsZThen  there  were  regimental  prob- 
lems on  his  mind:  Dr.  Holt,  former  suroeon  of  the  Sixth,  had  been 
appointed  brigade  surgeon  in  General  William  D.  Pender's  brigade. 
Avery  lamented  Holt's  loss  by  saying,  "We  need  a  surgeon  very 
badly."  The  regiment  was  also  "vei^  short  of  officers."  Avery  didn't 
have  any  field  or  staff  officers  present  for  duty.  He  was  hopeful  that 
the  assistant  regimental  siugeon.  Dr.  Charles  Hendersoiv^slowly  re- 
cuperating from  a  bout  with  sickness,  would  soon  get  wel(£2rhe  letter 
ended  on  a  note  of  uncertainty: 

I  cannot  tell  how  long  we  will  stay  here — or  what  is  the  ob- 
ject of  our  remaining  as  we  are.  We  cant  stay  a  great  while,  for  it 
will  be  impossible  to  subsist  our  army,  ^q) 

Avery  "judged"  that  the  Confederates  had  employed  a  hundred 
ambulances  to  carry  their  sick  to  Staunton.  Another  reason  for  a 
probable  withdrawal  of  the  army  from  the  Winchester  area  was 
"our  tearing  up  the  track,  and  binning  cross-ties  on  the  Harper's 
Ferry  &  Winchester  Rl.  I^d.v2()l'i  any  event,  the  yoiuig  colonel  from 
Burke  Comity  was  sorry  for  "this  badly  written  letter."  His  only  ex- 
cuse was  that  he  had  been  lying  down  imder  his  tent  fly  "in  an  awful 
smoke."  Then  came  an  odd  statement,  revealing  the  informality  that 
war  brings: 

If  an  opportunitv  ever  occurs,  I  \vould  be  glad  (if)  you  would 
send  my  uniform./^ 


From  Richmond  to  Fredericksburg  99 

Several  fortunate  things  hapi>ened  to  the  regiment  in  October. 
One  of  these  improvements  was  caused  by  Avery  himself.  He  had 
all  his  men  re-vaccinated  for  smallpox,  then  raging  in  one  of  the 
brigades  in  the  armyC^^nother  development,  ignored  by  many  his- 
torians, -was  the  matter  of  continual  supply.  On  October  19,  the 
regiment  was  partially  re-equipped  at  its  camp  near  Winchester. 
An  examination  of  the  articles  issued  will  reveal  the  serious  de- 
ficiency of  clothing  among  the  men  at  this  comparatively  early  stage 
of  the  war,  a  condition  definitely  brought  about  by  the  hard  cam- 
paigns of  Second  Manassas  and  Sharpsburg.  Lieutenant  John  S. 
Lockhart,  commanding  Company  B,  issued  13  pairs  of  pants,  5  suits, 
7  jackets,  6  shirts,  3  pairs  of  drawers,  1  cap  and  cap  cover,  and  23 
pairs  of  shoes  to  his  jnf  n.  Obviously,  the  greatest  deficiency  here  was 
in  the  lack  of  shoe^jt'Lieutenant  George  N.  Albright,  commanding 
Company  F,  also  found  his  company  to  be  deficient  in  footwear.  He 
issued  his  men  1  pair  of  boots,  14  pairs  of  pants,  5  suits,  7  jackets,  6 
shirts,  3  pairs  of  clra^vers,  1  cap  and  cap  cover,  and  21  pairs  of  shoes, 
also  on  October  19(^\lphonso  Calhoun  Avei-y,  younger  brother  of 
Colonel  Isaac  E.  Avery  and  now  a  captain  commanding  his  brother's 
old  Company  E,  issued  2  pairs  of  boots,  1  blanket,  12  pairs  of  pants, 
5  suits,  7  jackets,  4  pairs  of  drawers,  1  cap  and  cap  cover,  md  24 
pairs  of  shoes  to  his  men.  Again,  the  greatest  need  was  shoe^^ieu- 
tenant  Wyatt  B.  Allen,  commanding  Company  I,  received  the  fol- 
lowing articles  for  his  men  from  W.  M.  Smith,  acting  quarteriTiaster 
for  the  regiment:  11  pairs  of  pants;  2  suits;  5  jackets;  6  ^|™ts;  4  pairs 


of  drawers;  2  caps  and  cap  covers;  and  23  pairs  of  shoes(LiOnce  again 
the  need  was  in  footwear.  And  so  the  list  goes  on:  Captain  D.  C. 
Pearson's  Company  D  received  21  pairs  of  shoes,  among  other  things; 
First  Lieutenant  L.  H.  Walker's  Company  H  received  22  pairs  of 
shoes;  Lieutenant  W.  ].  Christian's  Company  B  received  20  pairs  of 
shoes,  along  with  14  pairs  of  pants,  3  suits,  7  jackets,  7  shirts,  4  pairs 
of  dra^^'ers,  and  1  cap  and  cap  cover;  Cauta.in  J.  Calder  Turner's 
Company  A  received  22  pairs  of  shoes,  etd^'hese  seemingly  endless 
lists  illustrate  the  growing  seriousness  of  the  attrition  which  had 
begun  to  enfiltrate  the  Confederate  supply  system,  and  the  continued 
efforts  by  the  regimental  quartermasters  to  combat  it. 

Towards  the  end  of  October  young  Private  Beavers  ^^•rote  his 
brother  back  in  Chatham  County,  "I  have  nothing  of  importants  to 
write  and  if  I  did  this  is  all  the  paper  1  liave."  He  had  offered  twenty- 
five  cents  for  a  sheet  of  \\riting  paper  that  morning  but  couldn't  get 
it.  Then  Beavers  commenced  writing  a  letter  ^^■hich,  to  the  historian, 
is  of  much   importance: 

I  am  24  years  old  to  day  an  it  is  a  mity  bad  day  for  it  has 
ben  rening  ever  since  last  night  about  3  oclock.  /^9^ 


100  The  Bloody  Sixth 

He  had  recently  drawn  a  coat  and  pair  of  pants  (part  of  the  issue 
for  Company  I)  .  He  hoped  to  go  home  to  Chatham  County  for  a 
visit  with  the  home  folks  that  winter;  he  wanted  a  letter  very  badly. 
Then,  as  if  to  illustrate  the  sad  plight  of  the  Confederate  soldier, 

I  hav  a  bad  chance  to  \\rite  we  hav  no  tents.  I  an  Nanoss  (?) 
Herndon  (and)  S.  E.  Parish  has  built  us  a  small  bunk  down  side 
of  a  larg  rock  but  sence  I  hav  comenced  writing  the  leves  an 
dirt  has  becom  wet  and  the  fork  split  (the  fork  supporting  the 
leanto)  ;  but  as  it  hapend  the  fork  ketched  the  cross  pece  (and) 
held  it  till  I  got  a  fork  an  placed  it  in  the  place  of  the  other.  ^7^ 


There  was  sadness,  yes;  but  pride,  too:  "I  am  24  years  old  today.  . . ." 
An  interesting  event  which  occurred  during  the  regiment's  stay 
near  Winchester  was  the  resignation  of  "Brevet  Second  Lieut."  M.  B. 
Barbee  of  Company  I.  Barbee  wrote  to  the  Honorable  George  W. 
Randolph,  Confederate  Secretary  of  War,  on  October  4.  His  letter 
was  headed  "Head  Quarters  6  Regt.  N.  C.  T.  Camp  Near  Winchester 
Va."    The  resignation  took  the  usual  form: 

Sir:  I  have  the  honor  to  tender  my  resignation  as  Brevet 
Second  Lieutenant,  Company  "I"  6  Regt.  North  Carolina  Troops, 
to  take  effect  immediately.  (JoT) 

The  resignation  was  accompanied  with  an  approval  by  Captain  Rich- 
ard W.  York  of  Company  L  Colonel  Avery  tendered  the  statement, 
"Respectfully  approved  for  the  best  of  reasons  the  immediate-saccept- 
ance  of  this  resignation  is  recommended,"  on  the  same  da)Ci2?^ossibly 
the  most  scathing  indictment  of  Lieutenant  Barbee  came  from  Colo- 
nel La^\'  who  observed, 

.  .  .  Lieut.  Barbee  exercises  no  influence  whatever  over  his 
company  and  his  moral  status  with  the  regt.  is  such  that  the 
service  will  be  Ijenefited  by  the  acceptance  of  his  resignation(']o^ 

Although  Randolph's  ans^ver  is  not  recorded,  it  is  presumed  that  Bar- 
bee's  resignation  \vas  quickly  accepted  by  the  Confederate  War  De- 
partment. 

On  October  29,  Hood's  division  inarched  across  the  Blue  Ridge 
and  down  to  Culpeper  Court  Hous^/S^his  movement  was  conducted 
in  the  usual  "fog  of  war"  atmosphere,  at  least  as  far  as  friends  of 
the  regiment  back  in  North  Carolina  were  concerned.  A.  \V.  Man- 
gum  wrote  his  father  on  November  7: 

Tell  Mr.  Webb  (a  relative  of  Major  R.  F.  Webb)  that  Long- 
streets  forces  are  ordered  to  Petersburg  &  are  probably  arriving 
there  now.  ...  I  think  we  are  to  pass  an  a^\-ful  ordeal  this  'Winter. 
I  do  dread  the  test  but  I  hope  we  may  keep  the  enemy  from  the 
interior,  f^o?) 


From  Richmond  to  Fredericksburg  101 

The  regiment  reached  Culpeper  on  November  1,  and  went  into 
camp  on  the  old  battlefield  of  Cedar  Run  on  the  7th.  Here  the  men 
remained  until  Xo\ember  Jil  ^vhen  they  were  marched  out  in  the 
direction  of  Fredericksburs^iiS^ining  the  stay  in  camp  near  Culpeper, 
Colonel  Avery  attended  to  a  matter  ^vhich  is  as  old  as  histoi7.  It 
seeins  that  Private  AVilliam  Buchanan  of  Company  E  had  been  given 
a  furlough  of  thirty  days  on  February  16,  1862,  "by  order  of  Brigd. 
Genl.  \\'hiting."  After  his  leave  of  absence  \vas  concluded  Buchanan 
failed  to  return  to  the  Sixth  Regiment,  then  encamped  at  Camp 
Bartow  near  Fredericksburg.  When  "steps  were  taken  for  his  arrest," 
he  fled  into  the  mountains  of  western  North  Carolina.  Later,  he 
joined  Captain  Blalock's  company  of  Colonel  Robert  B.  Vance's 
regiment.  This  outfit,  the  T^venty-ninth  North  Carolina  Infantry, 
was  stationed  at  Cumberland  Gap  in  the  District  of  East  Tennessee 
Aven'  Avrote  Vance: 


e.@ 


I  am  sure  Colonel  vou  are  not  a^vare  of  this  fact,  or  I  know 
you  would  not  only  have  had  him  arrested  8:  sent  back,  but  would, 
also,  have  dealt  with  Cajjt.  Blalock,  ivho  has  certainly  laid  him- 
self liable  to  be  cashiered,  if  he  has  allowed  this  man  to  join  his 
company,  knowing  him  to  be  a  deserter.  If  Buchanan  is  now  a 
member  of  yoiu'  Regiment,  1  have  the  honor  to  request  that  you 
cause  him  to  be  arrested  8:  sent  to  Castle  Thunder  at  Richmond 
as  a  deserter.  (foT) 


Another  incident,  of  a  more  routine  nature,  occuned  on  Novem- 
ber 1 1  Avhen  Private  Daniel  Lail,  through  the  proper  channels,  re- 
quested General  Lee  to  "be  relieved  from  military  duty  to  resume  his 
business  as  blacksmith."  Lee  sent  the  request  back  to  General  Long- 
street  ^\'ho  was  instructed  to  refer  it  tOz-fail's  company  commander 


in  the  Sixth  Regiment  "for  remarks. '<-Lrftlthough  the  record  isn't 
clear,  it  is  doubtful  if  Private  Lail  were  "relieved  from  military  duty." 

On  November  19,  the  regiment  left  the  camp  at  Cedar  Run  to 
begin  the  march  toward  Fredericksburg.  The  men  marched  through 
Rapidan  Station,  on  the  Orange  and  Alexandria  Railroad,  and  Spot- 
sylvania Court  House,  reaching  their  destination,  "camp  near  Fred- 
ericksburg, Va.,"  on  November  22.  The  distance  marched  was  about 
fifty  miles. (^ 

The  Second  and  Eleventh  .Mississippi  Regiments  had  been  trans- 
ferred from  the  Third  Brigade  to  another  imit  on  November  8. 
Their  places  were  taken  by  two  new  North  Carolina  regiments:  the 
Fifty-foiuth  and  Fifty-seventh  North  Carol inaClttrhe  Forty-fourth 
Alabama  had  also  been  added  to  the  brigade.  This  made  the  old 
Third  Brigade  a  five-regiment  outfit — the  Fourth  Alabama  under 
Colonel  P.  D.  Bowles,  the  Forty-fourth  Alabama  under  Colonel  C.  A. 
Derby,  the  Sixth  North  Carolina  under  Colonel  Isaac  E.  .\very,  the 
Fifty-fourth  North  Carolina  under  Colonel  J.  C.  S.   McDowell,  and 


102  The  Bloody  Sixth 

the  Fifty-seventh  North  Carolina  under  Colonel  ,\i-chibald  C.  God- 
winCii^he  Fifty-seventh  North  Carolina  is  worthy  of  special  mention 
since  it  was  commanded  by  a  man  who  will  rank  with  some  impor- 
tance in  the  later  career  of  the  Sixth  Regiment. 

Godwin,  a  veritable  giant  of  a  man  who  looked  like  a  Grecian 
god,  was  born  in  Nansemond  County,  Virginia,  in  1831.  He  was 
brought  up  by  a  grandmother  in  Portsmouth,  but  left  home  in  1850 
at  the  early  age  of  nineteen  to  participate  in  the  California  gold  rush. 
After  success  as  a  rancher,  miner,  and  Indian  fighter  in  California, 
he  decided  to  enter  politics.  Failing  by  one  vote  to  secure  the  Demo- 
cratic nomination  for  governor  in  1860,  he  returned  to  Virginia  at 
the  outbreak  of  the  war  to  offer  his  sen'ices  to  the  Confederacy.  After 
an  interview  with  President  Davis,  Godwin  was  quickly  commissioned 
a  major  and  became  the  assistant  to  the  provost  marshal  in  charge 
of  Libby  Prison  in  Richmond.  Later,  he  was  sent  to  Salisbury,  North 
Carolina  to  construct  and  organize  a  militan'  prison.  It  was  here 
that  he  recruited  the  Jiftv-seventh  Regiment  durinsr  the  sprino  and 
early  summer  of  1 863i!«overnor  Henr)'  T.  Clark  of  North  Carolina 
criticized  Godwin's  recruiting  methods  in  a  letter  to  Confederate 
Secretary  of  War  George  W.  Randolph  on  July  21,  18f32.  Clark  ac- 
cused Godwin's  men  of  joining  the  Fifty-seventh  to  "avoid  the  opera- 
tion of  the  Consaipt  Act."  This,  Clark  felt,^.^^4efeats  the  law  and 
renders  its  operation  more  obnoxious  to  others.tiisiark  wrote  drearily. 

Having  had  no  knowledge  and  no  notice  of  this  proposed 
Regiment  till  Maj.  Godwin  called  on  me  for  commissions  for 
the  Officers,  I  was  compelled  by  due  respect  for  the  State  authori- 
ties to  seek  some  explanation  before  I  refused  or  acquiesced. 

Major  Godwin  was  sent  to  Salisbury  to  guard  the  Prisoners 
and  I  supposed  under  the  law  for  local  defence  and  special  serv- 
ice could  raise  companies  for  that  service.  But  I  understand  from 
him  this  was  a  regular  organized  Regiment  for  field  service. /^/o 

Nevertheless,  Godwin  went  to  Richmond  Avhere  he  procmed  permis- 
sion to  complete  the  organization  of  the  regiment,  in  spite  of  Gov- 
ernor Clark's  opposition. /7/fc) 

Oddly  enough,  there  was  little  thought  of  war  among  some  of  the 
members  of  the  regiment  as  ij--i?y  in  its  camp  four  miles  from  Fred- 
ericksburg in  early  DecembeK--john  K.  Walker  had  just  received  a 
box  of  clothing  from  back  home  in  Alamance  County  and  was  de- 
lighted. Everything  had  arrived  as  he  had  wanted,  except  the  coats, 
a  comfort,  and  a  pair  of  suspenders.  He  had  received  a  pair  of 
pants,  an  over  shirt,  a  jack&U  t-ivo  checked  shirts,  and  two  pairs  oi 
drawers  among  other  thingkii<He  wrote  to  his  father.  Garrison  Walker 
of  Mebanesville: 


FRO^r  Richmond  to  Fredericksburg  103 

.  .  .  thank  you  all,  dont  send  me  any  thing  more  if  you  please 
. . .  dont  send  my  overcoat  nor  close  body  coat  neither,  for  I  have 
got  enough  to  last  me  plentiful.  .  .  .  (jj^) 

Obviously  young  Walker's  thoughts  were  far  from  the  battle- 
fields of  Virginia.  Nevertheless  the  regiment  was  still  encamped  near 
Fredericksburg  where  another  battle  w^s  about  to  begin. 

On  November  19,  General  James  Longsueet,  commanding  the 
First  Army  Corps  of  the  Amiy  of  Northern  Virginia,  had  ordered 
Major  General  Lafayette  McLaws'  division  to  occupy  the  heights 
immediately  behind  Fredericksbing.  Major  General  Richard  H. 
Anderson's  division  :vas  placed  on  McLa^vs'  left,  occupying  "the 
heights  as  far  as  Taylor's  Hill,  on  the  Rappahannock."  Major  Gen- 
eral George  E.  Pickett's  division  was  placed  on  McLaws'  right,  ex- 
tending the  Confederate  line  to  the  rear  "along  the  margin  of  the 
wood  which  skirts  Deep  Run  Valley."  Major  General  John  B.  Hood's 
division  -svas  entrenched  near  Hamilton's  Crossing  of  the  Richmond, 
Fredericksburg,  and  Potomac  Railroad.  Major  General  Robert  Ran- 
som's division  was  placed  in  resen'C.  Lon^street's  artillei7  was 
placed  in  various  positions  along  the  \me(j^£) 

The  Union  Army,  now  commanded  by  Major  General  Ambrose 
E.  Burnside,  held  "quiet  possession"  of  Stafford  Heights  on  the  north 
bank  of  the  Rappahannock  until  3  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  De- 
cember 11,  but  experienced  great  difficulty  in  laying  their  pontoon 
bridges  across  the  Rappahannock,  chiefly  because  of  stiff  resistance 
from  BarkdaleV^teran  Mississippi  brigade  posted  in  the  to^vn  of 
Fredericksbur^l^iVfter  desperate  fighting  a  lodgement  was  made  in 
the  town  on  the  night  of  the  11th.  Throughout  the  12th,  Union 
infantry  moved  across  the  river  and  deployed  into  formation  of 
columns  for  an  assault  upon  the  Confederate  position.  Heavy  ar- 
tillery fire  was  exchanged  between  the  opposing  armies  throughout 
the  day.  Q}^ 

At  2  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  December  11,  Hood,  "in  obedi- 
ence to  instructions  from  the  lieutenant-general  commanding,"  formed 
his  command  and  took  position  along  the  crest  of  a  range  of  low  hills 
"stretching  from  Dr.  Reynolds'  house  to  near  the  railroad  crossing." 
Skirmishers  were  thro^vn  across  the  Bowling  Green  Road.  Soon  Hood 
moved  a  body  of  100  sharpshooters  forward  "to  harass  the  enemy," 
who  were  occupied  in  placing  a  pontoon  bridge  across  the  Rappa- 
hannock at  the  mouth  of  Deep  Run.  Hood's  riflemen  failed  in  their 
efforts  to  sjegv^the  enemy,  because  the  ground  didn't  offer  them  suffi- 
cient covetiZWhen  Hood  learned  that  the  enemy  had  completed  their 
pontoon  bridge,  he  quickly  reinforced  the  force  stationed  in  the 
Bowling  Green  Road  "and  threw  a  line  of  skirmishers  to  the  front." 
Union  troops  began  crossing  the  river  on  the  Deep  Run  Bridge  at 
nightfall,  and  continued  their  movement  throughout  the  night.    Un- 


104  The  Bloody  Sixth 

ion  forces  also  moved  toward  the  sensitive  Confederate  right  flank, 
immediately  beyond  Hood  and  "below  Mr.  Arthur  Bernard's  house. '(yj 
To  counter  this  threat,  Hood  withdrew  his  troops  from  the  Bowling 
Green  Road  and  moved  his  line  of  skirmishers  back  to  a  position  on 
the  road.  The  situation  was  becoming  extremely  critical  for  the 
Confederates,  (/ay 

Hood  was  relieved  by  Major  General  A.  P.  Hill's  division  of 
Jackson's  corps  at  10  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  I2th,  but  moved 
his  division  into  position  to  relieve  Ricketts'  division  "on  my  left." 
As  Hood's  men  filed  into  position  tliey  discovered  a  troop  of  Union 
cavalry  deployed  along  the  line  of  the  railroad.  Hood  quickly  de- 
tached "tivo  companies  from  Toombs'  and  one  company  from  Law's 
Brigades"  to  dislodge  them.  The  enemy  suffered  a  loss,  according 
to  Hood,  of  two  or  three  men  killed  and  five  horses.  At  nightfall 
Hood  moved  his  command  back  to  their  original  position,  under 
orders  to  co-operate  with  A.  P.  Hill  or  any  other  troops  of  Jackson's 
corps,  if  necessary. (?^ 

The  13th  dawned  with  both  armies  prepared  for  battle.  Law's 
brigade  was  stationed  in  the  second  "or  reserve"  line,  which  extended 
along  the  low  range  of  hills  behind  Hamilton's  Crossing  to  Dr.  Reyn- 
olds'   house.     Law   described    the    scene    which    stretched    before    his 


men : 


On  the  plateau  directly  in  front  of  the  position  occupied  by 
my  brigade,  and  about  500  yards  distant,  the  skirt  of  timber  bor- 
dering on  Deep  Rim  from  its  confluence  with  the  Rappahannock 
abruptly  terminates.  From  this  point  to  the  river  the  channel  of 
the  run  becomes  gradually  wider  and  deeper,  its  general  direction 
being  almost  perpendicular  to  oin-  own  line  and  that  of  the 
enemy  on  the  Bowling  Green  Road.(/_l/i) 

La^v  had  been  ordered  to  support  Hill's  division,  if  it  should  be 
necessary,  and  had  been  directed  by  Hill  to  support  Pender's  brigade, 
which  held  a  position  to  Law's  left  and  front.  (OX) 

The  enemy  advanced  in  force  from  the  wood  along  Deep  Run.  , 
LTnion  forces  in  line  of  battle  assaulted  Captain  J.  W.  Latimer's 
battery  of  five  riHed  cannon,  which  was  placed  in  a  disadvantageous 
position  on  Pender's  left  "and  supported  by  one  of  his  regiments. "V 
Seeing  this  movement.  Law  detached  the  Fifty-seventh  and  Fifty- 
fourth  North  Carolina  Regiments  to  meet  it.  The  men  of  these  two 
units  promptly  advanced  and  drove  the  enemy  from  the  line  of  the 
railroad,  which  crossed  the  plateau  directly  in  front  of  the  position 
occupied  by  Latimer's  battery.  The  Fifty-seventh  continued  to  ad- 
vance^^eadily,  to  a  point  within  300  yards  of  the  Bowling  Green 
RoadQl^larence  R.  Hatton,  later  adjutant  general  of  Godwin's  bri- 
gade, wrote. 


From  Richmond  to  Fredericksburg  105 

In  order  to  get  into  line  of  battle  it  (the  Fifty-seventh)  had  to 
go  over  a  corduroy  road  through  this  swamp  with  front  of  fours 
under  heavy  artillery  fire  as  well  as  the  sharp  rifle  fire  of  the 
enemy,  but  the  regiment  moved  fonvard,  company  after  company, 
and  fonned  steadily  in  line  front  as  accinately  as  if  on  parade; 
then  at  "quick  step,  right  shoulder  shift"  it  advanced.  Soon  the 
rifle  fire  from  the  cut  became  terrific:  then  double-quick,  and  with 
the  Rebel  yell,  a  sudden  rush,  it  was  at  the  railway  with  loaded 
guns.  The  enemy  was  driven  out,  killed  or  captured,  and  over  the 
cut  it  rushed,  never  faltering,  although  attacked  on  its  flank,  until 
General  Law  sent  orders  for  it  to  retire  to  the  railway  cut,  Avhen 
it  about-faced  under  a  murderous  fire  and  in  true  alignment 
marched  back  and  took  its  position  in  the  ciu  ^vithoiu  any  con- 
fusion, the  left  company  by  a  half  wheel  protecting  the  regiment 
from  an  assault  on  its  flank. /^jT) 

^Vhile  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-seventh  Regiments  were  engaged 
in  the  charge  the  Foiath  Alabama  was  brought  forward  in  front  of 
Latimer's  battery  to  act  in  support  if  needed.  Law  soon  withdrew  all 
his  troops  "ha\ing  accomplished  my  purpose  of  driving  the  enemy 
from  the  \icinity  of  the  battery."  The  Fifty-fointh  and  Fifty-seventh 
A\ere  bodi  withdrawn  to  the  line  of  the  railroad,  which  position  they 
held  until  after  nightfall  when  they  were  relieved  by  the  Sixth  Regi- 
meuN-^ri  describing  the  charge.  Law  was  lavish  in  his  praise  of  the 
two  North  Carolina  luiits: 

The  conduct  of  the  Fifty-seventh  and  Fifty-fourth  North  Caro- 
lina Regiments  was  admirable.  I  cannot  speak  in  too  high  terms 
of  their  steady  courage  in  advancing,  and  the  coolness  ^\ith  ^^•hich 
they  retired  to  the  line  of  railroad  -when  orderecL/^TT^) 

Law  also  commended  Colonel  Godwin  of  the  Fifty-seventh  and  Col- 
onel T.  C.  S.  McDowell  of  the  Fiftv-fourtli}li)iuino   the  battle.   Law 

.1  JO 

himself  had  been  "conspicuous  upon  the  field,  acting  with  grgfrts  gal- 


lantry."  He  had  his  l,iorse  killed  under  him  during  the  charge/iHood 
was  also  high  in  his  praise  of  his  entire  division,  saying, 

I  cannot  in  justice  omit  to  mention  the  bearing  and  morale 
of  my  entire  command  during  the  time  the  enemy  was  in  our 
front,  as  e\idenced  by  their  earnest  desire  to  be  led  to  battle  and 
their  presence  at  all  times,  as,  to  the  best  of  my  knoA\ledge,  not  a 
single  officer  or  man  left  ranks  -(vithout  proper  authority.  ^3^ 


Because  of  its  unexposed  position  dining  the  battle,  the  Sixth 
North  Carolina  had  not  suflered  as  severely  as  some  of  the  other 
regiments  in  the  brigade.  Total  casualties  for  the  Sixth  were  5 
killed  and  19  wounded,  compared  with  9  killed  and  35  wounded  for 
the  Fifty-fourth,  and  32  killed  and  90  woimded  for  the  Fifty-seventh. 


106  The  Bloody  Sixth 

The  giaiid  total  for  the  brigade  was  50  killed,  164  wounded,  and  5 
missing(J3y"he  only  officer  wounded  in  the  Sixth  was  Lieutenant 
George  N.  Albright,  who  was  subsequently  fvuloughed  home  to  North 
Carolina  for  sixty  days  beginning  on  December  20.(13?) 

The  Sixth  had  gotten  off  easily  at  Fredericksburg,  but  its  great 
days  were  still  to  come.  Only  time  ivould  reveal  that  the  men  were 
prepared  to  make  the  sacrifices  which  they  woidd  be  called  upon  to 
make.  They  were  veterans  now,  ready  for  the  worst  that  fortune  had 
to  offer  them. 


IX 


Into  the  Enemy's  Country 


"This  Regiment  has  had  a  reputatiun,  you  ktioxf,  and  I  fear  no 
harm  can  come  to  it  while  any  are  left,  but  it  is  due  to  the  noble 
dead,  as  well  as  the  living  that  these  men  be  noticed  in  some  way. . . . 
Such  a  fight  as  they  made  in  front  and  in  the  fortificatio7is  has  never 
been  equaled." 

Samuel  McDowell  Tate  to  Governor  Vance,  July  8,  18(53. 


After  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg  the  Sixth  Regiment  remained 
in  camp  near  the  battlefield  through  the  month  of  DecembeiSMDuring 
this  time  an  interesting  incident  occurred  to  Wallace  H.  Alexander, 
assistant  commissary  sergeant  of  the  regiment.  Alexander  had  been 
a  student  at  the  North  Carolina  Military  Institute  in  Charlotte  under 
General  (then  Major)  Daniel  H.  Hill.  Upon  the  outbreak  of  the  \\ar 
Alexander  was  appointed  commissaiy  with  the  rank  of  first  lieuten- 
ant. This  appointment  was  done  under  authority  of  the  state  of 
North  Carolina.  When  the  regiment  was  stationed  at  Camp  Jones, 
near  Manassas  on  August  20,  1861,  the  offices  of  assistant  quarter- 
mastei-,  assistant  commissary  sergeant,  and  adjutant  became  vacant 
because  of  the  transfer  of  North  Carolina  troops  to  the  authority  of 
the  Confederacy.  The  company  and  field  officers  of  the  regiment 
"unanimously"  recommended  that  Alexander,  then  a  captain,  be 
promoted  to  assistant  commissai^  sergeant.  This  was  done.  Alex- 
ander attempted  to  get  a  leave  of  absence  to  return  to  North  Carolina 
and  arrange  Ms  bond,  an  action  which  was  required  of  all  Civil  War 
commissarie^^-Vccording  to  regimental  records, 

.  .  .  the  acknowledgment  before  a  judge  was  omitted,  & 
since  Capt.  Alexander  has  had  no  opportunity  of  attending  to 
it.  ^Ve  take  pleasure  in  adding  that  we  are  satisfied  that  the 
faihne  to  give  bond  was  not  intentional  on  his  part,  but  pre- 
vented by  force  of  circumstances,  R:  we  respectfidly  recommend 
his  reappointment  as  A.  C.  S.  in  this  Regt.  (§} 

107 


108  The  Bloody  Sixth 

This  letter  was  signed  by  the  following  company  commanders:  Rich- 
ard Watt  York,  Company  I;  M.  W.  Page,  Assistant  Quartermaster; 
James  S.  Vincent,  Company  K;  James  A.  Lea,  Company  H;  D.  C. 
Pearson,  Company  D;  R.  P.  Smith,  Company  G;  William  K.  Parrish, 
Company  B;  W.  G.  Guess,  Company  C;  and  J.  Calder  Turner,  Com- 
pany A.@ 

Alexander  himself  had  gotten  a  friend,  Lieutenant  A.  P.  Hill,  to 
represent  him  before  a  judge  in  North  Carolina.  Since  the  judge 
would  "not  pennit  it  to  be  acknowledged  before  him,"  the  bond  was 
sent  to  Alexander,  then  in  camp  near  Dumfries.  In  April,  1862,  when 
the  regiment  reached  Fredericksburg,  Alexander  appeared  before  a 
judge,  but  could  not  persuade  the  magistrate  to  act  upon  the  bond 
since  the  necessary  witnesses  were  not  present.  Alexander,  frustrated 
at  every  turn,  then  appeared  before  General  Whiting,  told  him  all  the 
facts,  and  was  directed  to  write  to  the  secretary  of  war  explaining 
that  it  i\as  a  question  "he  (Whiting)  could  not  answer."  Alexander, 
still  not  receiving  any  satisfaction,  applied  to  Whiting  for  pennission 
to  go  to  North  Carolina  to  have  the  bond  arranged.  This  request 
was  refused,  probably  because  of  the  military  exigencies  of  the  mo- 
ment. During  the  regiment's  retreat  from  Yorktown  the  bond  was 
sent  to  Richmoncljvith  other  baggage  "8:  until  this  day  have  I  been 
unable  to  get  it.'C^Alexander,  by  then  desperate,  went  to  Richmond 
shortly  after  Fredericksburg  to  settle  the  matter.  On  December  22, 
he  ^vrote  to  James  A.  Seddon,  then  Secretary  of  War: 


I  have  been  in  the  service  21  months  and  am  26  years  old  and 
most  respectfully  ask  that  I  may  be  reinstated  and  j>ermitted  to 
go  to  No.  Ca.  to  have  the  bond,  or  an  other  one  arranged.  Since 
my  entrace  I  have  never  (been)  off  duty.  Enclosed  you  will  find 
a  recommendation  from  Col.  L  E.  Avery  of  the  6th  N.  C.  Rgt. 
and  also  from  all  the  captains  of  the  regt.  present.  Also  from  our 
brig.  genl.  Law  &  Maj.  Amzie  Bobbitt  om-  brigade  commissary. 
Also  a  statement  from  the  firm  of  Hill  &  Norfleet  of  this  city 
(Richmond  merchants)    testifying  the  validity  of  the  suritiesY^ 

Alexander  determined  to  remain  in  Richmond  until  he  received 
an  answer  from  Secretary  Seddon.  Shortly  after  he  wrote  to  Seddon 
Alexander  went  to  the  secretary's  office  and  was  directed  by  a  clerk 
to  go  and  have  the  bond  "acknowledged"  before  a  judge.  This  was 
done  and  Alexander's  problem  was  finally  solved(^ 

Christmas,  1862  came  in  with  fog  and  rain,  but  the  ^seather  soon 
cleared  and  the  day  became  "pritty."  It  was,  in  part,  a  bormg  occa- 
sion, however,  since  there  were  "no  young  ladies  to  talk  too.'^On  the 
last  day  of  the  year  the  regiment  had  muster  inspection.  That  night 
Company  H  was  placed  on  picket  duty  on  the  bank  of  the  Rappahan- 
nock.    The    men    were    within    100    yards    of    the    Union    pickets. 


Into  the  Enemy's  Country  109 

but  the  officer  in  command  would  not  let  them  converse  with  the 
enemy.  The  Union  troops  came  down  to  the  river  and  called  to  the 
men  of  Company  H  and  "say  if  we  would  bring  the  boat  over  that  they 
would  come  over  on  our  side  and  have  a  talk."  The  "talk"  didn't 
occur,  at  least  not  at  that  time.Qy 

On  January  10,  North  Carolina  .Adjutant  General  James  G.  Mar- 
tin wrote  Confederate  Adjutant  General  Samuel  Cooper  regarding 
the  matter  of  vacancies  among  the  "Senior  Second  Lieutenants"  in  the 
Sixth  Regiment.  Colonel  Avery  had  requested  that  the  Confederate 
government  fill  up  some  vacancies  which  had  recently  occurred  in 
the  Sixth.  This  had  been  done  by  appointing  brevet  second  lieuten- 
ants. Martin  angrily  wrote  Cooper: 

I  am  directed  by  His  Excellency  the  Governor  to  say  that 
he  claims  the  right  to  commission  all  officers  (except  the  staff) 
in  the  N.  C.  Reaiments  except  those  reorganized  under  the  Con- 
scription Act.  uo) 

The  governor  wished  to  know  "by  what  authority"  the  brevet  ap- 
pointments had  been  made.  North  Carolina  officialdom  ^vasjealous 
of  its  authority  over  the  first  ten  regiments  of  State  Troops,  ^/j 

During  the  month  of  January  an  event  occiured  which  had  mo- 
mentous implications  for  the  Sixth.  The  regiment  was  transferred 
from  Law's  brigade.  Hood's  division,  Longstreet's  First  Army  Corps 
to  Brigadier  General  Robert  F.  Hoke's  brigade,  Richard  S.  E^vell's 
division,  Jackson's  Second  .\nny  Corps.  The  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty- 
seventh  Regiments  were  transferred  with  the  Sixth.  Under  the  same 
orders  Hoke  was  made  a  brigadier  general  and  given  command  of 
General  Isaac  Tremble's  brigade.  The  orders.  Special  Orders  Number 
19,  created,  in  effect,  a  new  general  and  a  new  brigad^SiThere  w-ere 
mixed  feelings  over  the  transfer.  Genral  Law  wrote  about  the  Sixth  in 
terms  of  sadness: 

The  Brigadier  General  commanding  cannot  refrain  from  the 
expression  of  his  deep  regret  at  the  reception  of  General  Order, 
No.  19,  Headquarters  of  the  Army,  transferring  the  Sixth,  Fifty- 
fourth  and  Fifty-seventh  North  Carolina  Regiments  from  this 
command.   .   .   . 

Disruption  of  all  those  pleasant  and  cordial  social  relations 
which  exist  between  himself  and  them,  is  not  the  only  cause  of 
sorrow:  their  gallantly  on  the  battle-field  has  taught  him  to 
value  them  as  soldiers,  no  less  than  as  comrades. 

To  the  Sixth  he  has  only  to  say,  that  inspired  by  the  mem- 
ories of  the  First  Manassas,  Eltham's  Landing,  Seven  Pines, 
Gains'  Farm,  Malvern  Hill,  Freeman's  Ford,  Second  Manassas, 
Boonsborough,  Sharpsburg  and  Fredericksburg,  it  can  never 
in  the  future  prove  unworthy  of  its  well-earned  and  glorious 
reputation,  /n) 


110  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Law  wished  success  to  his  three  regiments,  and  hoped  that  in  the 
new  position  which  they  \voidd  occupy,  they  would  "contribute  much 
to  the  success  of  our  arms  and  the  triumph  of  our  sacred  cause. "^i^ 

General  Hood  was  no  less  enthusiastic  in  his  praise  of  the  Sixth. 
He  wrote, 

The  Sixth  was  one  of  the  first  regiments  that  came  to  Vir- 
ginia to  assist  in  driving  the  foe  from  her  soil,  and  as  one  of  the 
celebrated  Old  Third  Brigade  it  has  gained  a  reputation  second 
to  no  regiment  in  the  army.(i^ 

Mentioning  the  same  list  of  battles  as  Law,  Hood  declared  that  the 
Sixth  Regiment  had  "amply  sustained  the  reputation  for  courage  and 
patriotism  for  which  the  sons  of  the  Old  North  State,  since  the  days 
of  our  first  Revolution,  have  been  so  justly  celebrated."  ds) 

Others  felt  sadness  in  makine  the  chanoe,  but  for  different  rea- 
sons.  Colonel  Avery  felt  that  he  :vas  "nothing  but  a  part  of  the  gieat 
machine  that  old  Uncle  Robert  Lee  is  at  the  head  of."  Still,  he  was 
"a  very  little  put  out"  -(vith  the  breaking  up  of  the  brigade.  Orders  j 
directing  the  Sixth,  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-seventh  Regiments  to 
march  "a  distance  of  over  20  miles"  had  been  received  on  Januai^ 
23.  Avery  was  also  hurt  by  the  fact  that  three  Alabama  reginients 
were  to  take  the  place  of  the  North  Carolinians  in  Law's  brigadexlZBut  j 
there  were  other  reasons  for  Avei"y's  discontent: 

Bob  Hoke  was  appointed  a  Brigadier  a  few  days  since.  I  do 
not  want  to  leave  this  tent,  I  do  not  want  to  leave  this  Brigade 
(to  go  there)  &  I  am  dead  against  leaving  this  Division,  and  I 
must  say  I  do  not  care  to  join  "old  Jacks  foot  cavalry."^ 

Avei-y  had  recently  gotten  his  camp  comfortably  established  and 
had  no  wish  to  march  in  bad  weather  "over  20  miles  thro'  the  mud." 
The  regiment  was  encamped  only  a  few  hundred  yards  from  a  sta- 
tion on  the  Richmond,  Fredericksburg,  and  Potomac  Railroad  where 
Avery  was  able  to  "get  the  newspapers  regularly."  At  the  new  loca- 
tion the  regimem  would  be  fourteen  miles  from  the  nearest  point 
on  the  railroadi^Avery  had  another  reason  for  not  wishing  to  leave 
Hood's  command.    He  wrote, 

Genl.  Early  may  be  a  very  good  man,  but  I  woidd  not  give 
Hood  for  any  of  them.  And  besides  I  think  that  \ve  all  fare  much 
better  in  Longstreets  than  in  Old  Stone^valls  Corps.  I  have 
formed  some  very  pleasant  associations  in  this  Division  &  I  do 
not  like  to  break  them  up  to  go  down  there.  I  like  Genl.  Law 
very  much  indeed.  I  know  I  never  will  meet  ^\ith  a  commander 
who  I  can  get  along  more  pleasantly  than  I  have  with  hira.Q^) 

Avery  felt  that  Hoke  was  a  brave  officer,  "but  he  is  so  young.' 
It  would  be  difficidt  to  go  into  a  brigade  under  the  command  of  an! 


til 


Into  the  Enemy's  Country  1 1 


officer  whom  "we  'ranked'  a  few  days  since."^=T*Jevertheless,  Avery, 
like  any  obedient  officer,  was  forced  to  accept  the  inevitable.  The  re- 
mainder of  his  letter  was  devoted  to  routine  things:  a  visit  of  Major 
Tate  to  General  Pender's  headquarters:  a  possible  meeting  with  his 
brother  Alphonso,  recently  transferred  to  Pender's  brigade;  the  hope 
that  he  would  soon  receive  additional  pairs  of  socks  because  "Albert 
has  lost  some  &  s^vaped  oft  &  mismated  others  in  taking  them  to 
wash:"  the  fact  that  furloughs  had  been  temporarily  suspended  be- 
cause of  another  crisis — "It  is  the  thought  the  enemy  will  cross  at 
'two  points,  one  above'  the  other  below  Fredericksburg."  (Si) 

What  manner  of  man  was  the  commander  of  the  new  brigade  in 
which  the  Sixth  found  itself?  Brigadier  General  Robert  Frederick 
Hoke  was  born  at  Lincolnton,  Lincoln  Coimty,  North  Carolina  on 
May  27,  1837.  A  tall,  handsome  man  with  an  impressive  dark  beard, 
he  had  been  educated  in  the  local  public  schools  and  at  the  Ken- 
tucky Military  Institute.  He  worked  for  the  Federal  government  in 
a  minor  position  for  a  time  and  later  managed  his  family's  business 
enterprises  including  a  cotton  mill  and  an  ironworks.'^sioke  entered 
Confederate  service  as  a  second  lieutenant  in  the  First  North  Caro- 
lina Regiment.  Taking  part  in  the  Battle  of  Bethel  Church,  June  10, 
1861,  he  was  subsequently  promoted  to  the  rank  of  major  and  then 
lieutenant  colonel  of  the  Thirty-third  North  Carolina  Regiment 
(which  ^vas  commanded  by  Colonel  Clark  Moulton  Avei7,  older 
brother  of  Colonel  Isaac  E.  Avery) .  Soon,  Hoke  was  promoted  again, 
this  time  to  the  rank  of  colonel  in  the  Tiventy-first  North  Carolina. 
He  performed  gallant  service  on  all  the  battlefields  of  northern 
Virginia,  from  the  Seven  Days  through  Fredericksburg.  His  promo- 
tion to  the  rank  of  brigadier  general  came,  as  has  already  been  noted, 
at  the  same  time  that  his  new  brigade  was  created(i!£\ccording  to  a 
contemporary  description. 

Gen.  Hoke  is  nearly  six  feet  in  height,  stands  erect,  has  dark 
hair  and  dark  eyes,  and  is  noted  as  a  high-toned  christian  gentle- 
man, having  been  for  several  years  a  communicant  in  the  Prot- 
estant Episcopal  Church.  He  is  a  pious,  praying  man.  We 
record  this  fact  with  pleastne,  and  on  it  we  woimd  our  hope  of 
his  rising  still  higher,  and  endearing  himselfjo  the  people  of 
North  Carolina  and  the  whole  Confederacy,  (ay 

On  January  25,  the  regiment  marched  from  its  camp  near  Ham- 
ilton's—Crossing to  the  vicinity  of  Port  Royal,  a  distance  of  twelve 
mile^Cirhe  morning  of  the  25th  was  cloudy  with  some  rain.  As  the 
men  arrived  at  Hoke's  camp,  aboiu  11:00  .\.M.,  there  Avas  a  feeling 
of  bad  :\-eather  in  the  air.  This  feeling  was  justified  on  January  28, 
when  "it  snowed  all  day  long."  By  the  following  day  there  were  ten 
inches  of  snow  on  the  ground.  Winter  held  its  grip  on  the  Rappa- 
hannock and  upon  the  men  encamped  along  its  banks.  1^ 


112  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Some  routine  matters  occupied  the  regiment  throughout  the 
month  of  Februan^  1863.  Beyond  the  usual  picket  duties  on  the 
banks  of  the  rivei2*tiere  were  other  incidents  of  an  interesting  na- 
ture. On  the  second  day  of  the  month,  former  Captain  Dimcan  C. 
Pearson  of  Company  D  applied  to  Commandant  of  Conscripts  in 
North  Carolina,  Colonel  E.  S.  August  "for  the  position  of  enrolling 
officer  of  the  7th  Congressional  district  in  this  state."  Pearson's  rea- 
son for  his  request  was  that  he  was  "incapable  of  performing  active 
duty  in  the  field."  Pearson  had  resigned  his  commission  in  the  regi- 
ment, but  explained  that  he  would  not  have  done  so  if  he  had  known 
that  disabled  officers  "coiUd  be  detailed  for  such  purposes."  ^J* 

Colonel  August  answered  Pearson's  request  ^\•'nh  the  statement, 
"Enrolling  officers  are  much  needed  in  this  state  at  this  time,  in  con- 
sequence of  the  failure  of  officers  to  report  for  duty  at  this  office." 
Five  of  the  ten  congressional  districts  in  Nortli  Carolina  were  ^vith- 
out  enrolling  officers  at  the  moment.  Colonel  August  felt  that  if 
Pearson  had  seen  an  order,  recently  issued,  which  required  disabled  ; 
officers  to  apply  for  conscript  duty,  "he  woidd  not  have  resigned, 
but  woidd  have  reported  here.'QSAtigust  continued  with  a  strong  rec- 
ommendation that  Pearson  be  appointed; 

Personally  I  am  unacquainted  with  Capt.  Pearson  but  rec- 
ommend him  upon  what  I  have  heard  from  Gov.  Vance.  If  new 
appointments  are  to  be  made  for  this  diuy  it  seems  to  me  that 
the  circumstances  of  Capt.  Pearson's  resignation  gives  him  strong 
claims.(^ 

Shortly  after  this  correspondence,  General  Lee  wrote  to  Governor 
Vance,  in  answer  to  a  letter  ^vritten  by  Vance  to  Secretary  of  War 
Seddon: 

Details  of  officers  and  men  have  been  made  from  all  N.  C. 
regts.  to  visit  the  State  to  obtain  recruits  8:  absentees. /?£) 

The  war  was  beginning  to  work  its  inexorable  process  of  attrition 
upon  North  Carolina.   These  steps  were  designed  to  combat  it. 

Other  events,  revealing  the  tight-knit  military  organization  which 
the  Sixth  Regiment  had  become,  kept  cropping  up  in  February. 
Governor  Vance  sent  two  privates  in  Company  K  back  from  North 
Carolina  in  early  February.  The  men,  who  had  been  absent  without 
leave,  carried  a  letter  from  the  governor  to  Colonel  Avei7  which 
explained  that  the  men, 

...  go  on  to  report  to  you  under  my  proclamation  promising 
them  a  pardon  except  a  forfeiture  of  pay  &:c.  (3^ 

Then,  Vance  requested  Avery  "to  hear  if  they  report  promptly. "^ji^ 


\ 


Into  the  Enemy's  Country  113 

Another  matter  of  interest  involved  lir^i-strung  Captain  Richard 
Watt  York  of  Wake  County's  Company  iSllLieutenant  Colonel  Webb 
had  written  a  letter  to  Avery  concerning  York  "about  the  1st.  of 
Deer.,  1862."  York  requested  Avei^  to  furnish  him  with  a  copy  of 
the  letter's  contents  since  "it  has  placed  me  in  a  situation  liable  to 
be  misrepresented  to  my  injury."  If  the  letter  had  been  destroyed, 
York  wanted  a  statement  of  its  contents.  No  record  remains  of 
Avery's  action.  \3y 

On  February  28,  there  ^^•as  an  execution  in  the  regiment.  Private 
Portland  Baley  of  Company  D  "was  shot  to  death  to  day  at  2  o'clock 
with  musketry."  Another  soldier,  Private  Stone  of  Company  F,  Fifty- 
se\enth  North  Carolina,  was  executed  on  March  16.  (37/ 

March  came  in  with  \\arm  weather.  On  the  third  the  regiment 
marched  from  its  camp  near  Port  Royal  back  to  the  vicinity  of  Fred- 
ericksburg near  its  old  camp  at  HaniiltonV-Crossing.  The  distance 
covered  in  the  march  was  fourteen  milesQMlie  Jsaigade  post  office 
was  located  at  Guinea's  Station  on  the  railroad. (jJ^ 

Colonel  Avery  wrote  Secretary  Seddon  on  March  1 1  to  recom- 
mend First  Sergeant  John  A.  Johnston  of  Company  H  for  the  po- 
sition of  brevet  second  lieiuenant  to  fill  the  vacancy  created  by  the 
resignation  of  Second  Lieutenant  Monroe  Oliver.  Avery  felt  that 
Johnston  should  have  the  promotion  because  of  "gallast  conduct  in 
action  &  for  the  faithful  discharge  of  other  duties. '(i^lthough  the 
request  was  endorsed  by  General  Hoke,  \\ho  ^vrote  ".  .  .  the  vacancies 
in  this  Regt.  have  ahvays  been  filled  by  appointment,"  and  by  divi- 
sion connnander  Early,  General  Lee  and  Secretary  Seddon  thought 
i  otherwise.   Seddon  wrote. 

The  6th  N.  C.  is  one  of  those  regiments  whicli,  the  governor 
(Vance)   claims  the  right  to  appoint  officers  to.  Mj 

Secretary  Seddon  resolved   the  matter  by  directing  that   the^equest 
be  sent  to  Governor  Vance  "asking  whom  he  recommends."  ^/;^ 

Dr.  J.  G.  Hardy,  regimental  surgeon,  asked  a  personal  favor  of 
Governor  Vance  on  March  26.  He  wished  the  governor  to  appoint 
his  brother-in-law,  Dr.  P.  L.  Archs,  as  "2nd  Asst.  Singeon  of  this 
regiment."  Dr.  Hardy  argued  that  Dr.  Archs  was  well  fitted  for  the 
position,  ;\'as  deserving  of  it,  and  was  even  now  in  Compa»\'  F  of  the 
regiment  "to  serve  the  Old  North  State  as  a  private. "^lOr.  Hardy 
pleaded: 

It  will  gratify  me  greatly  to  have  him  with  me  in  the  Medical 
Department;   he   will   also  assist  me  greatly,   as   this   is   a   large 

Unfortunately,  the  Governor  didn't  fulfill  Dr.  Hardy's  request.   Vance 
said   that  he   "would  take  great  pleasure"    in  giving  Dr.  Archs   the 


114  The  Bloody  Sixth 

appointment,  but  the  office  requested  was  "not  permitted  by  law." 
Each  regiment  was  pennitted  to  have  only  two  surgeons.  In  any 
case,  Vance  explained  that  he  was  "only  authorized  to  fill  vacancies 
temporarily — my  ajjnointees  being  subject  to  removal  by  the  Surg. 
Gen.  of  the  C.  S."^ 

The  month  of  March  passed  with  still  mofe  picket  duty,  some  of 
it  at  Barnard's  House  on  the  RappahannocU^The  weather  suddenly 
turned  cooler  and  the  air  was  still  filled  with  a  touch  of  winter.  On 
the  20th  it  snowed  in  the  afternoon,  followed  by  a  greater  snowfall 
on  the  21st.  Bv^re  end  of  the  month  three  inches  of  snow  remained 
on  the  ground.(|f;?y 

The  men  were  given  additional  clothing  and  supplies  on  March 
31,  at  the  end  of  the  first  quarter  of  1863.  Colonel  Avery  issued  a 
special  requisition  for  one  pair  of  socks,  one  overcoat,  seven  pairs 
of  sb«es,  foiuteen  jackets,  sixteen  pairs  of  pants,  and  one  hospital 
temtifsAJl  the  companies  received  issues  of  clothing  and  other  equip- 
ment. Because  of  the  lack  of  space  only  three  representative  com- 
panies and  their  issties  were  to  be  given  stipplies.  Captain  [eremiah  H. 
Lea's  Company  H  received  one  overcoat,  t^^'enty-five  pairs  of  pants,  six 
jackets,  two  shirts,  seven  pairs  of  drawers,  sixteen  pairs  of  shoes, 
twenty-two  hats,  one^-klanket,  four  tents,  one  tent  fly,  and  three 
skillets  and  skillet  lidkiiCaptain  Neill  W.  Ray's  Company  D  received 
two  overcoats,  thirty-six  pairs  of  pants,  twelve  jackets,  forty-one  shirts, 
twenty  one  pairs  of  drawers,  forty-foiu"  pairs  of  shoes,  two  pairs  of 
socks,  twenty-two  hatsy  two  blankets,  five  tents,  three  skillets  and  skillet 
lids,  and  one  boilei^S-First  Lieutenant  Thomas  L.  Cooley's  Company  B  , 
received  two  overcoats,  thirty-two  pairs  of  pants,  four  jackets,  nineteen 
shirts,  t^venty  pairs  of  draivers,  twenty-five  pairs  of  shoes,  thirteen 
pairs  of  socks,  twenty-three  hats,  one  blanket,  three  skillets  and  skillet 
lids,  and  five  tents.  At  the  same  time  Lieutenant  Cooley  returned 
two  greatcoats,  four  pairs  of  shoes,^ne  blanket,  "and  3  connnon  tents' 
to  the  regimental  quartermaster^^ 

On  April  10,  a  ghost  from  the  past  was  resurrected  when  S.  T. 
Phillips,  State  Auditor  for  North  Carolina,  wrote  to  Richard  A.  Cald- 
well, a  friend  of  Colonel  Charles  F.  Fisher  M'ho  was  working  on  the 
deceased  colonel's  regimental  accounts.  These  accounts  had  not  been 
settled  at  the  time  oi:  Fisher's  death  in  July,  1861.  Phillips  instructed 
Caldwell  to  prepare  Fisher's  accoimts  "for  furnishing  and  equipping 
his  regiment,"  by  establishing  an  account  ciurent  supported  by 
vouchers  of  the  type  used  by  executors  of  estates.  Phillips  did  "not 
know  -ivhat  evidence  the  face  of  these  vouchers  which  yoti  will  present 
may  give  of  the  employment  of  the  things  purchased  in  the  public 
service."  In  cases  where  vouchers  were  not  available,  a  certificate  or 
other  proof  had  to  be  furnished.  Phillips  urged  Caldwell  to  itemize 
Fisher's  accounts  "and  not  bare  receipts  for  so  much  money  upon 


da 


Into  the  Enemy's  Country  115 

account  o£  his  regiment."  An  illustration  of  this  could  be  fuiTiished 
in  the  case  of  feeding  the  men.  Caldwell  had  to  supply  a  list  showing 
the  numheK  of  men  fed  and  the  number  of  days  during  A\hich  they 
were  fedC^^ihe  complications  furnished  by  Fisher's  tangled  finances 
at  the  time  of  his  death  took  many  years  to  settle.  Nevertheless,  they 
furnish  an  interesting  example-,of  the  organization  of  a  typical  North 
Carolina  infantiy  regiment.  (^ 

While  the  men  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  were  sending  along  the 
Rappahannock  their  Avomenfolk  back  home  in  North  Carolina  \\ere 
suffering  from  hunger  and  general  deprivation.  A  good  example  of 
this  condition  -(vas  furnished  by  Mrs.  Nancv  Mangum,  a  soldier's 
wife  from  Mebanesville  in  the  area  \\here  many  men  in  the  Sixth 
Regiment  were  recruited.  She  \\rote  to  Governor  Vance  on  April  9, 
complaining  of  mistreatment  in  Greensboro  ivhen  she  and  other 
women  went  there  "for  something  to  eat."  Instead  of  being  given 
food,  the  authorities  threatened  to  put  her  in  jail,  "and  I  had  to  come 
hom  without  anything  I  have  G^^irttle  children  and  my  husband  in 
the  armv  and  T\'hat  am  I  to  do?'viJHer  husband  had  been  ffone  with 
the  army  for  two  years  and  Mrs.  Mangum  was  evidently  destitute. 
She  wrote  plaintively, 

(I)  f  you  dont  take  thes  Yankeys  nwcLy  from  Greenesborough 
we  women  ^vill  write  for  our  husbands  to  com  home  and  help 
us  we  cant  stand  it  the  way  they  are  treating  us  they  charge 
Sll.OO  per  bunch  for  their  thread  and  S2.50  for  their  calico  (.) 
They  threatened  to  shoot  us  and  dra^ved  their  pistols  over  us 
that  is  hard/55?) 

Mrs.  Mangum  ■\\'as  extremely  bitter  in  her  indictment  of  the  men 
assigned  to  dole  out  food  to  soldiers'  families,  accusing  them  of  being 
refugees  from  Ne-sv  Bern  ^vho  were  making  fortunes  "speclating  evei7 
day."  Edwin  M.  Holt,  owner  of  the  Holt  Mill  at  Alamance,  was  mak- 
ing a  fortune,  according  to  Mrs.  Mangum:  ".  .  .  if  this  war  hold  on 
2  years  longer  he  ^vould  own  all  of  (A)  llamance  (C)  ounty  he  has 
cloth  and  thread  and  wont  let  no  body  have  it  -^vithout  \\'heat  or 
corn  or  meet."  The  sad  letter  ended  with  a  recital  of  prices  paid  for 
various  staples  such  as  corn,  sugar,  black  pepper,  and  flour. ^^ 

Some  of  the  men  and  their  families  weren't  as  unfortunate  as  Mrs. 
Mangum.  John  K.  Walker  had  so  many  clothes,  most  of  which  were 
sent  to  him  from  home,  that  he  couldn't  earn-  them  all.  His  only 
alternative  was  to  return  some  of  them,  such  as  the  new  shirts  and 
"waiscoat"  which  he^^turned  by  way  of  Captain  John  Vincent,  his 
company  commandefcSZjohn  wrote  home  on  April  19  from  the  Sixth's 
"Camp  near  Fredericksburg."  Even'one  in  his  company  (K,  com- 
manded by  Captain  John  S.  Vincent) ,  except  a  friend  of  his,  George 
Cheeks,  was  well  and  hardy.    George  was  "verx  poorlv,"  had  been  ill 


116  The  Bloody  Sixth 

with  the  fever  for  "some  8  or  ten  days,"  but  would  probably  "mend." 
One  of  the  company,  George  King,  was  planning  to  return  home  to 
Alamance  County,  North  Carolina  the  next  day.  King  would  carry 
back  all  the  company's  extra  baggage  "that  he  can."  Young  Walker 
thanked  his  father  for  the  things  he  had  recently  received  from  home: 
"2  shirts,  2  pr.  drawers,  1  pr.  pants  and  the  ballance  of  my  things 
all  come  safe."  He  was  worried  about  some  meat  that  hadn't  ar- 
rived. The  boy  who  was  bringing  it  from  North  Carolina  had  fallen 
asleep  in  Richmond  and  the  meat  had  been  stolen  along  with  "all 
of  Fred  Wyatt's  clothing."  Still,  Walker  couldn't  blame  the  boy 
too  much  since  "he  was  not  use  (d)  to  traveling  and  therefore  I 
think  he  ought  to  be  looked  over."^) 

About  mid-April  Company  K  went  down  to  the  Rappahannock 
on  picket  duty  diu'ing  a  snow  storm.  While  there  the  Carolinians 
had  "a  fine  time"  with  the  enemy.  There  ^vas  talking,  the  exchang- 
ing of  newspapers,  and  the  "sending  over  tobacco  for  pipes  and 
coffee  and  canteens  &c."  In  "Walker's  opinion,  the  opinion  of  a 
young  man  who  didn't  hate  his  opponents,  "they  seem  to  be  very 
friendly."  Even  though  the  regiment  was  doing  fairly  well  in  this 
camp.  Walker  didn't  think  they  would  stay  there  much  longer. 
Rumors  of  a  Union  gunboat  in  the  river  at  Port  Royal  and  other 
Union  land  and  navalmovements  along  the  river  seemed  to  point 
to  an  early  movement. ^3) 

A  good  example  of  Walker's  letter-writing  throughout  the  war 
may  be  seen  in  a  letter  to  his  brother,  written  during  the  month  of 
April,  1863.  The  brother,  George  L.  Walker,  later  became  a  member 
of  the  Sixth  Regiment.  John  \Valker  hit  many  nostalgic  chords  when 
he  put  his  pen  to  paper: 

Dear  brother  I  got  yovu"  letter  the  other  day  and  was  glad 
to  hear  from  you.  You  said  that  you  had  got  the  present  that  I 
sent  you  by  Calvin  Jones.  I  want  you  to  read  it  and  you  will 
know  somethings  about  oiu"  travels  during  last  summer  (the 
summer  of  1862)  .  I  ^vas  going  to  send  you  some  more  little  songs 
before  long.  You  said  you  woidd  like  to  have  some  gim  caps.  I 
will  get  you  some  the  first  chance  and  send  you  but  they  are  very 
scarce  and  our  caps  that  we  use  are  so  large  that  they  wont  do 
you  any  good  but  you  shall  have  some.  Poor  George  Cheeks 
(sick  with  fever)  sensho^wlie  to  you.  I  dont  believe  that  I  have 
anything  more  to  write.   .   .   .^3) 


And  then  came  a  line  revealing  all  the  sadness  in  a  soldier's  heart: 

...  be  a  good  boy  and  keep  my  mare  fat  until  Lcome  home. 
Write  every  no^v  ancl  then  ancl  give  me  the  ne^vs.  (Ll) 

Life  in  camp  continued  with  the  usual  picket  duty,  reviews,  and 
attendance  at  religious  services.    On  the  18th,  a  beautiful  spring  day. 


Into  THE  Enemy's  CoiNTRv  117 

Dr.  Dabney,  "Stonewall"  Jackson's  chaplain,  preached  in  the  cli- 
\  isional  camps.  His  text  was  in  Hebre\vs,  Chapter  Three.  The  theme 
of  the  sewnon  was  "Today  if  ye  will  hear  His  voice  harden  not  your 
hearts. '^3^n  the  23rd  there  was  a  scare,  a  party  of  Union  troops 
( rossed  the  Rappahannock  at  Port  Royal  and  took  a  wagorijai-  two. 
Fortimately,  the  Sixth  Regiment  -wasn't  called  from  camp.  ie3j 

Early  on  the  morning  of  April  28,  a  lone  horseman  rode  through 
the  regimental  camp.  Private  Bartlett  Yancey  Malone  heard  him 
approach.  Soon  the  messenger  retiniied  and  notified  the  men  that  a 
l)attle  was  about  to  begin.  Before  young  Malone  had  a  chance  to 
get  his  clothes  on,  the  "Long  Roll"  beat  its  resounding  staccato.  The 
regimental  adjutant  ordered  everyone  to  fall  in  under  arms.  The 
men  of  the  Sixth  were  on  the  march  to  another  battle.  The  Union 
forces,  this  time  under  General  Joseph  Hooker,  -ivere  crossing  the 
Rappahannock  in  force.  The  Battle  of  Chancellorsville  was  about 
to  begin.  As  the  regiment  marched  for^vjml  in  the  rain,  men  could 
hear  heavy  artillery  fire  in  the  distance.  ^^ 

Jackson  ordered  Early  to  hold  a  position  in  the  vicinity  of  Fred- 
ericksburg ^vhile  the  remainder  of  the  army  marched  iipriver  to  deal 
with  the  bidk  of  the  Union  Army  which  ^vas  crossing  the  river  in  the 
vicinity  of  Chancellorsville.  Part  of  the  Union  Amiy  crossed  in  force 
at  the  mouth  of  Deep  Run  and  near  Pratt's  House,  below  Deep  Run. 
Early  quickly  moved  his  division  to  the  line  of  the  Richmond,  Fred- 
ericksburg, and  Potomac  Railroad.  His  right  was  posted  at  Hamil- 
ton's Crossing,  his  left  at  Deep  Run.  The  River  Road,  ninning  along 
the  line  of  the  Rappahannock,  was  occupied  by  three  regiments.  The 
object  of  this  forward  movement  was  to  keep  "the  enemy  from  ad- 
vancing to  that  road.'uS) 

Early  faced  Union  troops  imder  General  John  Sedg-ivick  with  his 
division,  one  brigade  from  McLaws'  division,  and  Barksdale's;  General 
Pendleton  remained  behind  with  part  of  the  reserve  artillery;  "and 
Lieutenant  Colonel  (R.  S.)  Andrews,  with  his  battalion  of  artillery, 
was  also  left  behind."    Early  wrote. 

My  division  and  Andrews'  artillery  occupied  the  lines  on 
the  right,  and  Barksdale's  brigade  and  Pendleton's  artillery  oc- 
cupied Fredericksbing  and  the  heights  in  rear.  uZ) 

Early  received  orders  from  Lee  at  II  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the 
2nd  to  leave  a  brigade  behind  as  a  rear  guard  and  move  with  the 
rest  of  his  men  to  Chancellorsville.  Early  thereupon  directed  Bri- 
gadier General  Harry  Hays  to  hold  his  brigade  along  with  one  of 
Barksdale's  regiments  in  position  facing  the  Union  troops  near  Deep 
Rim.  Part  of  Pendleton's  artillery  was  immediately  sent  toward 
Chancellorsville.  Actually  there  had  been  a  mistake  in  the  transmis- 
sion of  the  order.    Lee  had  wanted  Early  to  move  "in  the  event  of 


118  The  Bloody  Sixth 

the  enemy  withdrawing  from  his  front  and  moving  up  the  river." 
Because  of  a  mistake  made  by  the  officer  conveying  the  message,  Early 
thought  that  he  had  been  directed  to  move  "unconditionally."  As 
soon  as  Early's  column  had  moved  up  the  Plank  Road  about  a  mile, 
news  reached  him  that  the  enemy  in  his  rear  was  showing  a  dispo- 
sition to  adyajice.  The  division  was  immediately  returned  to  its 
former  line.(^ 

At  daylight  on  the  morning  of  the  3rd,  Barksdale  informed  Early 
that  the  Union  forces  had  bridged  the  Rappahannock  at  Fredericks- 
burg and  were  crossing  the  river.  Hays  was  ordered  forward  from 
his  position  on  the  right  to  support  Barksdale's  Mississippians.  Soon 
the  enemy  began  to  demonstrate  from  the  Deep  Run  area  and  from 
Fredericksburg.  Early's  right  flank  held  under  the  Union  attacks, 
while  one  assault  on  Marye's  Hill  was  repulsed.  However,  bad  luck 
began  to  come  to  the  Confederates.    Early  reported. 

The  enemy  .  .  .  sent  a  flag  of  truce  to  Colonel  (Thomas  M.) 
Griffin,  of  the  Eighteenth  Mississippi  Regiment,  who  occupied  the 
wrks  at  the  foot  of  ]Mai7e's  Hill  with  his  own  and  the  Twenty-first 
Mississippi  Regiment,  which  was  received  by  him  improperly, 
and  it  had  barely  returned  before  heavy  columns  were  advanced 
against  the  positions,  and  the  trenches  were  carried  and  the  hill 
taken,  a  large  portion  of  the  Eighteenth  Mississippi  Regiment 
and  a  part  of  the  Twenty-first  being  taken  prisoners,  and  a 
company  of  the  Washington  Artillery,  with  its  gims,  were 
captured.  (||) 

This  sudden  attack  forced  the  artillery  on  Lee's  Hill,  the  re- 
mainder of  Barksdale's  brigade,  and  one  of  Hays's  supporting  regi- 
ments to  fall  back  to  the  Telegraph  Road.  Hays,  with  the  remainder 
of  his  brigade,  was  forced  to  withdraw  up  the  Orange  Plank  Road,  "as 
he  was  on  the  left."  Early  rode  forward  rapidly,  and  stopped  the 
retreat.  The  enemy  was  temporarily  checked  while  the  brigades  on 
the  right  were  moved  back  into  a  second  defensive  line.  Gordon's 
and  Hays's  brigades  were  formed  into  a  line  across  the  Telegraph 
Road  at  Cox's  House,  "about  2  miles  back  of  Lee's  Hill."(23' 

At  this  juncture  McLaws  arrived  with  his  division  from  Chan- 
cellorsville.  Early  informed  McLaws  of  his  intention  to  attack  the 
enemy  on  Mai-ye's  Hill  the  following  morning  (May  4)  .  In  ac- 
cordance with  this  plan  Hays's  and  Hoke's  brigades  were  thrown 
across  Hazel  Run  to  attack  the  enemy's  left  early  in  the  morning  of 
the  4th.  Smith's  and  Barksdale's  brigades  followed  in  the  second 
line  of  assault.  Gordon  captured  Marye's  Hill  "with  ease,"  and  with 
the  assistance  of  Andrews'  artillery  battalion.  Barksdale's  men  were 
moved  into  the  trenches  at  the  foot  of  the  hill;  Smith's  brigade  was 
advanced  across  Hazel  Run.  The  Confederates  then  fonned  a  line 
facing   up    the   Orange   Plank    Road,    on    a    plain    between    Maiye's 


Into  the  Enemy's  CouNiitY  119 

Hill  and  the  heights  along  the  Plank  Road,  "and  at  Taylor's  House." 
Early  then  waited  to  hear  the  sound  of  McLaws'  guns  as  he  advanced. 
But,  hearing  nothing  from  the  direction  of  McLaws'  advance,  Early 
demonstrated  against  the  enemy's  lines  with  Smith's  brigade,  but 
was  forced  to  retire  when  he  learned  that  the  enemy  had  artillery 
"on  the  heights  in  front  of  my  right."  Again,  Early  requested  Mc- 
Laws to  advance.  Then  Early  was  notified  that  Anderson's  division 
was  moving  forward  "and  that  an  attack  ^\as  to  be  made  at  a  given 
signal."@ 

Early  was  anxious  to  attack  the  enemy  and  dislodge  him  before 
he  had  an  opportunity  to  bring  reinforcements  up.  Therefore,  he 
ordered  the  brigades  of  Harry  Hays,  Robert  F.  Hoke,  and  John  B. 
Gordon  to  immediately  attack  upon  hearing  the  agreed-upon  signal. 
Hays  advanced  in  the  center  of  the  line  at  the  foot  of  Mar^'e's  Hill, 
opposite  a  mill  on  Hazel  Run.  Hoke  advanced  on  the  left,  moving 
aa-oss  the  hill,  opposite  the  mill  on  Hazel  Run  and  past  Do^vnman's 
House.  Gordon  moved  fonvard  on  the  right,  "up  the  hills  on  the 
right  of  the  Plank  Road."(^ 

The  men  of  Hoke's  brigade  moved  fonvard  at  a  determined  pace. 
Hoke,  on  horseback,  led  them  against  the  enemy's  earthworks.  At 
the  last  moment  the  Carolinians  gave  the  enemy  a  roimd  of  musketry 
and  then  charged  fonvard,  "resorting  to  the  bayonet."  A  loud  roar 
of  cheering  rose  up  from  the  Confederates,  ivhile  the  enemy  was 
literally  pushed  from  the  \vork.  The  Lhrion  forces  in  the  rear  ^vere 
"broken  and  confused  with  the  pressure  of  their  own  men."  Soon 
a  general  rout  occurred  upon  that  part  of  the  line.  (^ 

Hoke  was  shot  off  his  horse  with  a  dangerous  wound  in  the 
shotdder,  still  luging  on  his  men  who  ^vere  attacking  the  LInion  lines 
with  the  bayonet.   According  to  one  accotmt, 

In  his  ardor,  he  knew  not  the  injury  he  had  received,  but 
remounted,  pushed  on  Avith  his  ^vork,  and  when  it  was  done, 
he  foimd  himself  far  in  advance  of  any  other  Confederate  troops, 
■\veak  Avith  loss  of  blood,  and  he  became  aware  of  the  seriousness 
of  his  wound.  ^ 

Hoke  fell  heavily  to  the  ground,  part  of  his  shoulder  bone  broken 
by  the  force  of  the  minnie  ball.  He  -would  be  disabled  for  many 
months.  @ 

The  brigade  ivas  thro^vn  into  some  confusion  by  mingling  with 
Hays's  brigade  after  both  units  had  crossed  the  Plank  Road  below 
Guest's  House.  Hoke's  brigade  A\as  placed  in  line  of  battle  on  the 
left  of  Gordon,  in  rear  of  the  enemy's  right  flank  near  Taylor's  House. 
Hays  ivas  ordered  to  form  his  men  in  the  earth^vorks  on  the  right  of 
Marye's  Hill.    Smith's  brigade  took  position  on   the  left  of  the  hill.(;7iy 


120  The  Bloody  Sixth 

The  Confederates,  while  not  being  able  to  completely  drive  the 
enemy  from  the  field,  had  been  able  to  hold  their  own.  The  price 
had  been,  as  usual,  extremely  high.  The  Sixth  Regiment  had-\  lost 
eight  killed  and  twenty-one  wounded,  for  a  total  of  twenty-ninet23Liap- 
tain  Guess  of  Company  C  was  woimded,  along  with  Captain  Vtscent 
of  Company  K  and  Cornelius  Mebane,  the  regimental  adjutan&^^ieu- 
tenam  John  S.  Lockhart  of  Company  B  was  badly  wounded  in  the 
foo(^6ne  of  the  dead  soldiers,  Private  John  Heni-y  Marcom  of 
Company  C,  was  honored  by  a  sad  epitaph  in  the  Hillsborough 
Recorder.   It  said, 

The  deceased  was  not  only  endeared  to  his  company,  but 
also  to  the  entire  Regiment.  He  was  a  faithful  soldier,  and  al- 
though he  has  been  numbered  with  the  gallant  dead  of  the 
noted  6th,  his  comrades  will  ever  remember  him.  nj) 

The  brigade  lost  a  total  of  35  killed  and  195  Abounded  for  a  grand 
total  of  230.  Early's  division  suffered  a  total  of  136  killed,  838 
wounded,  and  500  missing;  the  total  loss  was  1,474  men  ^vho  could 
not  be  replaced  because  most  of  them  were  veteran  soldiers. (|^ 

The  most  serious  loss,  at  least  as  far  as  the  Sixth  and  the  rest  of 
Hoke's  brigade  was  concerned,  was  General  Hoke  himself.  Colonel 
Avery,  being  senior  colonel  of  the  brigade,  was  automatically  ele- 
vatecl  to  the  position  of  brigade  commander,  but  -(vithout  the  corre- 
sponding rank  of  brigadier  general.  Robert  Webb,  who  had  re- 
turned from  home  and  recovei^  of  his  Sharpsburg  wound  on  March 
1,  was  given  command  of  the  Sixth.  Later  he  was  promoted  from 
lieutenant  colonel  to  full  colonel  (July  2,  1863)yciThe  regiment  had 
received  its  fourth  colonel,  and  the  end  of  the  war  was  still  far  over 
the  horizon.  Men  would  see  much  suffering  and  death  before  it  was 
over. 

North  Carolina  Surgeon  General  Edward  Warren  wrote  of  death 
when  he  said, 

A  great  number  of  our  soldiers  have  been  killed  and 
wounded;  for,  as  usual.  North  Carolina  bore  the  brunt  of  the 
fight.  You  may  rest  assured  that  every  attention  shall  be  given 
them — that  each  one  shall  be  visited  and  cared  for  to  the  extent 
of  his  necessities.  I  am  resolved  that  they  shall  all  feel  that  their 
state  has  a  personal  interest  in  them.  I  find  it  unnecessary  to 
visit  the  army  as  all  the  wounded  are  being  forwarded  to  this 
city(g) 

And  then  came  an  even  grimmer  note;  "Dr.  Grissom  returned  to  day 
in    charge  of  six  hundred  wounded  men."(0 

Life  continued  with  seunons,  picket  duties,  and  general  reviews 
for  the  men  in  the  Sixth(Jjrhere  was  sadness  when  General  Jackson 


Into  the  Enemy's  Country  121 

died  of  pneumonia  on  May  lO.^Sergeant  J.  A.  Johnston's  appoint- 
ment to  the  office  of  "Junior  2d  Lieutenant"  was  brought  to  the  at- 
tention of  Governor  Vance  on  the  13th.  In  his  letter  to  the  governor, 
Secretan-  Seddon  wrote, 

I  send  the  paper  to  you  because  the  6th  Regiment  is  one  of 
those  in  ^\hich  the  power  of  appointment  has  been  exercised  by 
you  and  yoiu'  predecessor. (^ 

On  May  20,  much  equipment  ^\as  turned  o\er  to  the  regimental 
quartermaster,  possibly  in  preparation  for  the  coming  campaign. 
Captain  Benjamin  F.  \Vhite  of  Company  B  returned  one  wall  tent;(£^ 
Captain  Rich3«l  \V.  York  of  Company  1  returned  one  wall  tent  and 
fwo  tent  flie{:3Eaptain  W.  H^^lexander,  Assistant  Commissary  Ser- 
geant, returned  one  wall  tentttfeaptain  Jeremiah  A.  Lea  of  Company 
H  returned  two  wall  tents  and  one  tent  fly.  Q0 

Isham  Sims  L'pchurch  ^vrote  his  Ijrother  from  Camp  Gregg  on 
June  1  concerning  the  expected  movement  of  the  regiment  against 
the  Union  forces.  After  discussing  an  expected  crossing  of  the  Rappa- 
hannock by.  Union  forces  on  May  30,  and  regimental  efforts  to 
counter  itiit^pchiuch  lamented: 

(M)  y  mind  being  on  my  Dear  "Wife  Sc  little  sons  at  home. 
I  dream  of  them  often,  of  being  with  them,  you  do  not  draw 
any  id  (e)  a  how  I  feal  being  complld  to  stay  from  them.  S5.00 
chances  to  1  wether  I  ever  shall  see  them  again  on  eartli.  (I)  f  1 
do  not  I  feal  that  I  shall  meet  them  in  heaven  (.)  /O 

Upchiuch  pointed  out  that  the  regiment  ivas  ready  to  march  "at  a 
moments  notice."  It  all  depended  on  General  Hooker.  If  he  made 
a  move  the  Confederates  ^\'oulcl  ha\e  to  move  fonvard  to  meet  him, 
"let  it  be  ^vhere  it  may."  Upchurch  had  "little  fears  if  he  crosses  the 
river  at  this  point,  we  are  tolerable  well  fortified  at  this  place  10  or  15 
miles  up  &;  down  the  River.  1  do  vmi  think  he  will  attemp  a  crossing 
here,  for  he  knows  our  situation. 'C^he  L^nion  commander  was  send- 
ing up  balloons  to  view  the  position  of  the  Confederates  and  to  dgr 
termine  whether  or  not  they  would  attempt  a  possible  movement. (Jy 
Even  as  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia  \\'as  preparing  to  move 
against  the  enemy,  a  general  review  was  held  (on  May  27)  with  Gen-  ^-^ 
erals  Lee  and  Early  watching  intently  as  the  division  marched  by.  ^£? 
Upchurch  described  the  scene  in  quaint  language: 

.  .  .  each  Regt.  was  divided  into  two  divisions  &:  dra\\'n  up 
in  line  one  in  rear  of  the  other  about  half  -wheeling  distance. 
(I)  t  formed  a  line  of  Regimental  divisions  about  one  mile  long 
each  Regiment  marching  one  after  the  other  marched  square 
up  &  left  wheeled  marched  about  150  or  200  yds  left  wheel  again 


122  The  Bloody  Sixth 

back  in  front  of  the  extreme  left,  left  wheeled  &  took  oin-  first 
position.^ 

After  mentioning  that  General  Lee  was  present  with  Generals  A.  P. 
Hill  and  Henry  Heth,  Upchurch  continued: 

(I)  t  was  a  grand  thing  to  a  spectator  our  Regt  (the  Sixth) 
was  on  the  extream  left  so  I  had  a  tolerable  chance  to  see  the 
ivhole  Division  the  most  men  I  ever  saw  at  one  time  before.  Ry 

As  June  began  there  was  a  tension  in  the  air.    A  move  was  soon 
expected  which  might  take  the  regiment  into  the  enemy's  country. M 
Private  G.  T.  Beavers  wrote, 

(T)  here  is   no  sickness   in   camp   ivorth   talking  about  (.)     I 
can  say  there  is  a  beter  time  a  coming  but  I  cant  tell  ho^v  far  off. 
(N)  either  how  will  live  to  see  it  but  with  the  will  of  God  I 
hope  I  will  be  spaird  to  see  that  time  (.)  ^2) 

On  May  31,  the  regiment  received  marching  orders.  The  time 
to  fight  for  "a  beter  time"  had  arrived.  The  men  marched  from 
Hamilton's  Crossing  near  Fredericksburg  at  11:00  P.M.  on  the  night 
of  June  4.  On  the  5th,  Spotsylvania  Court  House  was  reached;  the 
men  splashed  across  the  muddy  Rapidan  at  Raccoon  Ford  at  noon 
on  the  7th.  By  4  o'clock  that  evening  the  regiment  was  encamped 
within  five  miles  of  Culpeper  Coiut  House. (]£2) 

Marching  into  Culpeper  on  June  8,  the  regiment  cooked  rations, 
and  left  for  Brandy  Station  on  the  9th.  Heavy  cavalry  fighting 
had  been  going  on  east  of  Brandy  throughout  the  9th,  but  had  ended 
by  the  time  the  Sixth  arrived  in  the  area.  On  June  10,  the  regi- 
ment marched  back  through  Culpeper  towards  Winchester,  but  got 
only  as  far  as  Hazel  River  by  nightfall.  Things  began  to  assume  a 
holiday  air  as  the  regiment  neared  the  Blue  Ridge  Mountains  in 
the  Shenandoah  Valley.  As  the  men  marched  through  Woodville  in 
Rappahannock  County,  its  brass  band  played  the  popular  song  "The 
Bonnie  Blue  Flag."  At  1 1  o'clock  the  men  marched  through  Sperry- 
ville,  some  five  miles  northwest  of  Woodville,  and  at  2:00  P.M.  the 
column  reached  Washington,  Viiginia.  Here  the  streets  were  lined 
with  pretty  girls  who  passed  fresh  water  to  the  thirsty  men.  Fortified 
by  this  relief,  the  regiment  camped  a  few  miles  beyond  Washington 
after  covering  twenty  miles  "that  day."  (L£p 

The  men  were  on  the  move  again  before  sunup  on  the  morning 
of  June  12.  At  3  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  the  Blue  Ridge  was  crossed 
near  Front  Royal.  After  crossing  the  Shenandoah  River,  a  mile  be- 
yond Front  Royal,  the  regiment  camped  on  its  northern  bank.  Early 
on  the  morning  of  the  13th,  the  men  started  for  Winchester.  It  was 
soon  learned  that  the  enemy  was  at  Newtown  on  the  Valley  Pike, 


Into  the  E^■E^n  's  Country  123 

some  seven  miles  from  Winchester.   The  cohunn  turned  and  attacked^ 

the  enemy,  driving  him  about  a  mile  in  the  direction  of  Winchester.^£3) 

The  Sixth  Regiment,  as  part  of  Hoke's  brigade  (now  commanded 
by  Avery) ,  was  moved  to  the  right  and  left  of  the  Valley  Pike  in  the 
direction  of  Kernstown.  This  movement  was  made  as  other  brigades 
of  Early's  division  ^vere  advanced  directly  to-^vard  Winchester,  gar- 
risoned by  a  3,000-man  Union  force  under  the  command  of  Major 
General  Robert  H.  Milroy.  Hoke's  brigade  -svas  it^d  as  a  resen'e  in 
support  of  the  brigades  making  the  actual  attacks-,%cording  to  Early, 

.  .  .  Hoke's  brigade,  under  the  command  of  Colonel    (I.  E.) 
Aveiy,  of  the  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment,  which  had  been 
ordered  up  to  the  support  of  the  other  brigades,  was  ordered 
back  to  Kernstown,  where  it  was  placed  in  position  to  protect 

the  ambulances,  ■wagons,  and  artillery,  ■\vhich  had  been  brought    

up  to  that  position,  from  an  attack  from  the  left  and  rear.  .  .  .(lO^ 

Early  on  the  morning  of  June  14,  Early  ordered  Gordon  and  Hays 
to  advance  some  of  their  troops  against  Bovvers'  Hill,  then  occupied 
by  Union  skimiishers.  The  Union  artillery  had  been  Avithdra^vn 
during  the  night  in  the  direction  of  Winchester.  Elements  of  Smith's 
brigade  were  ordered  to  advance  to  the  left  of  Hays  and  Gordon.  (i£^ 

By  this  time  General  Ewell,  commander  of  the  Second  Army 
Corps  and  Early's  commanding  officer,  had  amved  upon  thp^ene. 
Together  the  t^\'o  officers  reconnoitered  the  Union  positiorvi^^Vhat 
followed  is  described  by  General  Early: 

After  receiving  final  instructions  from  General  Ewell,  I  re- 
placed the  skirmishers  of  Hays'  and  Smith's  brigades  by  others 
from  Gordon,  \v\ih  his  brigade,  the  Maryland  battalion  and  two 
batteries  of  artillery  [the  Maryland  battery  and  (A.)  Hupp's 
batten',  of  Bro^\TT's  battalion]  to  amuse  the  enemy  and  hold 
him  in  check  in  front,  I  moved  ^\ith  Hays',  Hoke's,  and  Smith's 
brigades,  and  the  rest  of  Jones'  and  Broivn's  battalions  of  ar- 
tillery, to  the  left  (^\'est) ,  follo^ving  the  Cedar  Creek  Turnpike 
for  a  short  distance,  and  then  leaving  that  and  passing  through 
fields  and  the  woods,  which  I  found  sufficiently  open  to  admit 
of  the  passage  of  artillery,  thus  making  a  considerable  detour, 
and  crossing  the  macadamized  road  to  Romney  about  ?>  miles 
west  of  Winchester  and  a  half  mile  from  a  point  at  which  the 
enemy  had  had  a  picket  the  night  before.  (joT) 

When  Early's  column  crossed  the  Romney  Road  the  Fifty-fourth 
North  Carolina  Infantry,  part  of  Hoke's  brigade,  was  detached  to  act 
as  a  picket  guard.  Early  continued  to  move  the  rest  of  his  men  until 
they  approached  the  Pughto\vn  Road  where  a  position  "proved  to  be 
a  wooded  hill,  a  part  of  the  range  of  hills  called  Little  North  Moun- 
tain, close  to  the  Pughto^vn  Road."  To  the  south  -(vas  an  old  orchard 


124  The  Bloodv  Sixth 

and  the  ruins  of  a  home,  locally  known  as  "Folk's  Old  House."  To  the 
north  was  a  cornfield,  part  of  the  farm  of  a  Mrs.  Brierly.  These  open 
places  offered  excellent  opportunities  for  the  emplacement  of  artillei"y 
within  easy  range  of  the  Union  lines  "on  the  hill  overlooking  his 
main  fort."(7^ 

Early  massed  his  troops  in  some  woods  in  the  rear  of  the  selected 
assault  position  "as  the  day  was  excessively  hot,  and  the  men  had 
marched  a  circuit  of  some  8  or  10  miles  ^vithout  meeting  Avith  \\'ater 
to  drink,  and  were  very  much  fatigued. "(T£5) 

While  his  men  were  resting  Early  personally  reconnoitered  the 
Union  lines,  especially  the  ground  over  ^vhich  his  men  ^^'Oldd  have  to 
make  the  intended  assault.  He  observed  that  the  numerous  woods  in 
the  area  would  afford  his  assaidting  column  an  excellent  cover  to 
advance  "to  within  a  short  distance  of  the  foot  of  the  hill  I  wished 
to  carry  by  assault."  Early  also  noticed  that  the  Union  forces  on  the 
hill  in  his  front  Avere  not  alert  to  the  danger  in  their  front,  but  ^vere 
studying  the  Union  and  Confederate  movements  in  the  direction  of 
Gordon's  advance  to  the  south  of  Winchester.(ii£) 

As  soon  as  Jones's  artillery  had  been  placed  in  position,  and  ob- 
serving that  his  infantry  had  "rested  as  much  as  possible  under  the 
circumstances,"  Early  ordered  General  Hays  to  move  his  brigade 
to  the  edge  of  the  woods  which  faced  the  line  of  Union  defenses,  but 
to  keep  the  men  under  cover  of  the  woods  imtil  Jones's  artillei-y  had 
begiui  to  fire.  As  soon  as  the  artillery  opened,  Hays's  brigade  was 
directed  to  advance  as  "rapidly  as  possible  to  the  assault."  The  as- 
saulting columns  should  be  arranged  to  have  three  regiments  in 
front  and  two  regiments  in  the  rear,  following  the  first  three  at  a 
short  interval.  Jones's  artillery  was  broken  into  t^\o  sections.  Twelve 
pieces  were  placed  in  the  orchard  to  the  south  of  the  Pughtown  Road, 
while  eight  pieces  were  placed  at  the  edge  of  the  cornfield  to  the 
north  of  the  road.  The  Fifty-seventh  North  Carolina  Infantn',  com- 
manded by  Colonel  Archibald  C.  Gochvin,  was  detached  from  the  rest 
of  Hoke's  brigade,  "so  as  to  protect  these  latter  pieces  from  an  attack 
in  the  direction  of  the  Pughtown  Road,  near  which  they  were 
posted."  The  remainder  of  Hoke's  men  were  placed  in  line  of  battle 
a  quarter  of  a  mile  in  the  rear  of  Hays's  brigade.  Smith's  men  were 
placed  with  Hoke's.  Both  brigades  were  directed  to  support  Hays,  if 
necessary. (TjT) 

The  works  which  Early  was  about  to  assaidt  consisted  of  a  bastion- 
type  fort  on  the  highest  hill,  a  smaller  breastwork  between  the  hill 
and  the  Pughtown  Road,  and  an  extensive  but  incomplete  ivork  to 
the  north  of  the  Pughtown  Road.  It  seemed  strange  to  Early  that 
the  enemy  had  "been  making  recent  preparations  against  an  attack 
from  this  quarter,  but  .  .  .  on  this  occasion  failed  to  keep  a  lookout 
in  that  direction. "(Mi) 


Into  the  Enemy's  Country  125 

About  an  hour  before  sundo\vn  Jones's  artillei-)'  began  firing  upon 
the  Union  lines,  ahnost  before  the  enemy  "was  aware  of  our  vicinity." 
This  firing  ^vas  continued  for  three-quarters  of  an  hour,  \\lien  Hays 
advanced  his  brigade  up  the  steep  slope  of  the  hill  toward  the  Union 
position.  The  men  advanced  rapidly  through  piles  of  brushwood 
^vhich  had  been  placed  to  serve  the  purpose  of  an  abatis,  "and  drove 
the  enemy  from  his  works  in  fine  style."  Six  rifled  cannon  were  cap- 
tured in  the  assault;  two  of  them  were  immediately  turned  upon  the 
enemy.  This  rapid  movement  prevented  any  effort  to  recapture  the 
position  before  Confederate  reinforcements  coiUd  arrive.  When 
Early  saw  that  Hays's  brigade  had  stormed  the  position,  he  ordered 
Smith's  men  forward  in  support.  Jones  was  ordered  to  bring  his 
artillerv  forward,  leaving  Averv  ivith  Hoke's  brigade  "to  look  out  for 
the  rear."(nj) 

When  Early  reached  the  captured  position  he  noticed  that  it 
overlooked  and  commanded  the  enemy's  main  work,  "as  had  been 
anticipated!!  All  the  Union  positions  to  the  left  of  the  hill  had  been 
evacuatecLtiXarly  wrote. 

The  enemy  was  in  evident  commotion,  but  by  the  time  the 
artillery  and  Smith's  brigade  reached  the  captmed  hill,  it  was 
too  late  to  take  any  further  steps  for  the  capture  of  the  main 
work,  which  was  vei-y  strong,  and  to  accomplish  which  would 
have  required  the  cooperation  of  the  other  troops  around  Win- 
chester. I  contented  myself,  therefore,  with  directing  an  ar- 
tillery fire  to  be  kept  up  until  near  dark  on  the  enemy's  position, 
which  was  returned  from  the  main  %\ork  and  the  redoubt  spoken 
of,  but  with  little  effect.  (//^ 

Early  quickly  made  arrangements  during  the  night  for  the  battle 
that  had  to  be  fought  on  the  morro^v.  He  ordered  the  captured  works 
tinned  and  openings  cut  for  the  artillery,  to  enable  it  to  begin  firing 
on  the  enemy's  main  work  "at  early  light."  Godwin's  Fifty-seventh 
North  Carolina  was  directed  to  occupy  the  small  fort  to  the  north  of 
the  Pughtown  Road.  Hays's  brigade  was  placed  in  the  fort  which  it 
had  captured,  while  Smith's  men  were  formed  in  Hays's  rear  as  a 
supporting  unit.  Colonel  Avery  was  placed  with  the  Sixth  and 
Twenty-first  North  Carolina  Regiments  "in  the  rear  to  prevent  any 
surprise  by  the  enemy  in  that  direction."  The  Fifty-fourth  North 
Carolina  was  kept  in  position  as  a  picket  on  the  Romney  Road.  After 
these  dispositions  hacl  been  made,  the  troops  slept  on  their  arms  all 
night.  Early,  however,  did  not  sleep.  He  sent  his  aide.  Lieutenant 
William  G.  Calloway,  with  a  message  to  General  Gordon  directing 
him  to  advance  upon  the  main  Union  fort  at  daylight.  General  Ewell 
was  notified  that  a  lodgment  had  been  made  in  the  enemy's  lines,  and 
was  cheered  by  Early's  optimistic  opinion  that  "the  enemy  Avould 
evacuate  before  morning. "(^Z^) 


126  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Early  on  the  morning  of  June  15,  it  was  obsened  that  the  enemy 
was  in  full  retreat,  following  the  road  northeast  toward  Martinsburg. 
Soon  firing  was  heard  on  the  Martinsburg  Road.  General  Edward 
Johnson's  division,  sent  by  Ewell  to  cut  off  Mihoy's  retreat,  had 
made  contact  with  the  retreating  Union  forces.  Early  immediately 
ordered  his  entire  division  to  pursue  the  enemy,  "having  detached  the 
Thirteenth  Virginia  Regiment,  of  Smith's  brigade,  to  guard  the 
abandoned  wagons  and  property."  Gordon's  brigade  entered  the 
deserted  Union  fort,  pulled  down  the  flag,  and  advanced  in  pursuit 
of  the  enemy  ahead  of  the  rest  of  the  division.  When  Early  reached 
the  point  where  Johnson's  men  had  encountered-tJie  enemy  he  found 
most  of  Milroy's  force  had  been  taken  prisonersJi^arly  glumly  stated, 

It  was  evident,  then,  that  further  pursuit  on  foot  was  use- 
less, and  I  therefore  halted  my  command,  and  encamped  them 
near  this  place    (near  ^Vinchester)  .(fp 


The  prizes  won  by  the  Confederates  at  the  Battle  of  Winchester 
were  numerous.  Twenty-five  pieces  of  artillery  with  their  caissons,  a 
considerable  quantity  of  artillery  ammunition,  many  wagons,  and  "a 
considerable  quantity"  of  public  stores  were  secured.  Unfortunately, 
nuich  of  the  artillen'  ammunition  had  been  damaged.  One  hundred 
and  eight  officers  and  3,250  enlisted  men  were  listed  as  prisoners,  to- 
gether with  several  hundred  sick  and  wounded  prisoners  captured  in 
the  town  of  Winchester.  Most  of  the  prisoners  had  been  captured  by 
Johnson's  division  "while  attempting  to  make  their  escape  after  the 
evacuation. '(m^ 

Early  praised  the  brigades  of  Hays  and  Gordon  for  their  part  in 
driving  the  enemy  from  his  fortified  positions  about  Winchester 
saying. 

The  diarge  of  Hays'  brigade  upon  the  enemy's  works  was 
a  most  brilliant  achievement,  and  the  affair  of  the  day  before, 
when  General  Gordon  drove  the  enemy  from  the  position  he 
occupied  to  the  left  of  Kernstown,  reflected  equal  credit  upon 
himself  and  his  brigade,  (l^ 


Jones's  artillen-.  Lieutenant  Colonel  Herbert,  Major  Goldsborough 
of  the  Maryland  Line,  and  their  troops  were  also  praised;  but  Early 
reflected, 

Hoke's  and  Smith's  brigades  did  not  become  engaged  on  either 
day.(^ 

Early's  division,  despite  its  successful  assault,  suffered  few  casualties 
at  Winchester.  The  number  listed  is  30  killed,  143  -ivounded,  and  3 
missing.  Unfortunately  "some  gallant  and  efficient  officers"  were 
niunbered  among  the  killed  and  ^vounded./f^^j 


Into  the  Enemy's  Country  127 

General  EweU  asked  the  officers  and  chaplains  of  the  Second  Army 
Corps  to  give  thanks  to  God  for  the  victory  won  at  W'inchester.  He 
wrote, 

In  acknowledgment  of  Divine  favor.  Chaplains  will  hold 
religious  services  in  their  respective  regiments  at  such  times  as 
may  be  most  convenient.  ^\'ith  A\onderiully  small  loss — less  than 
300  killed,  wounded,  and  missing — we  have  carried  strong  ^^'orks 
defended  by  an  abundance  of  superior  artillery,  capturing  over 
3,000  prisoners,  and  large  quantities  of  militaiy  stores  and  sup- 
plies. Such  a  result  should  strengthen  the  reliance  in  the  right- 
eousness of  our  cause  which  has  inspired  evei7  effort  of  oin- 
troops.^75|) 

The  Sixth  didn't  lose  a  man  in  the  victoi^  at-VV^inchester.  Godwin's 
Fifty-seventh  Regiment  "lost  but  one  man.'VStli  mid-June  Colonel 
Avery  wrote  his  parents,  back  home  at  Swan  Ponds: 

I  do  not  know  where  Hooker  is  or  where  any  of  our  army 
is,  except  our  Corps.  We  are  kept  in  the  dark  as  to  even'  thing 
that  is  going  on.    It  is  getting  too  late  to  ^^-rite  any  more.  ijl£) 

On  June  15,  General  Early  was  temporarily  placed  in  command 
of  the  Department  of  Winchester,  an  area  which  included  all  the 
Shenandoah  Valley  to  the  solLrf^^as  far  as  Woodstock  and  north  as 

J  I  Mil 

far  as  "the  lines  of  the  army.tl2?il  captined  military  equipment  was 
to  be  tinned  over  to  the  proper  authorities,  except  siqjplies  needed 
to  revictual  the  Second  Army  Corps.  These  \\ere  to  be  given  to  the 
men  at  once.  Since  there  had  been  some  pillaging  of  capttned  prop- 
erty, strict  orders  were  issued  "to  prevent  individual  appropriations 
of  what  belongs  to  all."  Clothing  was  to  be  issued  to  the  command 
under  the  rules  of  the  quartermaster's  department,  on  special  requisi- 
tions issued  by  General  Ewell.  All  the  divisions  in  the  Second  Corps 
were  to  be  furnished  with  equipment  "in  proportion."  Horses  and 
supplies  would  be  furnished  for  individual  ivants  only  when  abso- 
lutely necessary,  applications  being  approved  at  General  Ewell's  head- 
quarters or  by  General  Early.    Even  the  Union  garrison  flag  was  ac;. 

counted  for.  It  was  carried  to  Richmond  by  General  Early's  order.Qj^^ 

While  in  Winchester,  Early  detached  the  Fifty-fourth  North  Caro- 
lina of  Hoke's  brigade  and  the  Fifty-eighth  Virginia  of  Smith's  brigade 
to  guard  prisoners  who  were  being  marched  to  Staunton,  The  Thir- 
teenth Virginia  of  Smith's  brigade  was  left  on  duty  in  ^Vinchester, 
On  June  18,  Early  left  Winchester  with  the  remainder  of  Hoke's  bri- 
gade and  Jones's  battalion  of  artillei-y.  This  column  rejoined  Gor- 
don's, Hays's,  and  Smith's  brigades  in  Sheperdstown  on  the  19th. 
Their  destination  ^vas  Pennsylvania,  the  enemy's  country!  (fzJ) 


128  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Early's  division  crossed  the  Potomac  at  Sheperdstown  on  the  22nd, 
and  marched  rapidly  through  Sharpsbiirg  and  Boonsborough.  The 
men  camped  on  the  Hagersto^vn  Road  about  three  miles  north  of 
Boonsborough,  where  the  Seventeenth  Virginia  Calvary  of  Jenkins' 
brigade  under  Colonel  William  H.  French  reported  to  Early.  This 
cavah-y  unit  wouLd-vaccompany  Early's  division  during  the  march 
into  PennsylvaniLLtfime  23  was  a  momentous  day  for  the  Sixth  Regi- 
ment. It  was  on  that  day  that  Early's  men  marched  into  the  North 
through  Cavetown,  Smithsburg,  and  Ringgold.  The  division  camped 
for  the  night  in  the  vicinity  of  Waynesborough,  in  southern  Penn- 
sylvania. On  June  24  the  men  marched  through  Ouincy  and  Altodale 
to  Greenwood,  "on  the  turnpike  from  Chambersburg  to  Gettysburg." 
Here  the  men  remained  in  camp  until  the  25th.  Early  visited  General 
Ewell  at  Chambersburg,  and  was  ordered  by  the  latter  to  cross  South 
Mountain,  proceed  through  Gettysburg,  and  then  march  to  York. 
At  York  Early  was  instnicted  to  destroy  the  Northern  Central  Rail- 
road which  ran  from  Baltimore  to  Harrisburg,  and  also  burn  the  ' 
railroad  bridge  across   the   Susquehanna   River  at  Wrightsville   and 

Columbia.    Early  would  then  rejoin  Ewell  at  Carlisle  "by  the  way  of 
Dillsburg.'t;7|S) 

The  feelings  of  the  Confederates  in  Early's  command  on  the 
march  into  Pennsylvania  might  best  be  illustrated  by  quoting  a  letter 
written  by  Major  General  William  Dorsey  Pender,  former  colonel 
of  the  Sixth  and  now  commanding  a  division  in  A.  P.  Hill's  Third 
Army  Corps.    Pender  ■s^ote, 

.  .  .  This  is  a  most  magnificent  country  to  look  at;  but  the 
most  miserable  jaeople.  I  have  yet  to  see  a  nice  looking  lady. 
They  are  coarse  and  dirty  and  the  number  of  dirty  looking  chil- 
dren is  perfectly  astonishing.  Great  many  of  the  women  go 
barefooted  &  But  a  very  small  portion  wear  stockings.  I  hope 
we  may  never  have  such  people,  if  they  would  make  the  counti7 
as  rich  as  a  garden.  Nearly  all  of  them  seem  to  be  tenants  & 
at  first  I  thought  all  the  better  people  must  have  left.  And  such 
barns  I  never  dreamt  of.  Their  d^velling  houses  are  large  8c  com- 
fortable looking  from  the  outside — have  not  been  inside — but 
such  coarse  dorits  (?)  that  live  in  them.  I  really  did  not  believe 
that  their  was  much  difference  between  our  ladies  &  these 
Federals.  ...  I  have  seen  no  ladies.  We  passed  through  Hagers- 
town  .  .  .  but  I  saw  little  Southern  feeling  displayed.  The  fact 
is  the  people  in  N.  W.  Md.  are  as  much  of  the  Dutch  Yankees 
as  these,  &  I  do  not  ^vant  them(j3p 

Early  on  the  morning  of  June  26,  Early's  division  prepared  toj 
move  against  York.  Rain  fell  in  heavy  torrents,  delaying  the  march 
until  8  o'clock  wlje»-Jhe  column  was  ordered  into  the  road.  The  rain[ 
continued  all  da'i'3^1onel  E.  V.  White's  battalion  of  cavalry  joined 


Into  the  Enemy's  Country  129 

Early  before  the  march  began.  All  the  divisional  trains  were  sent 
to  Chambersburg  except  the  ambulances,  "one  medical  wagon  for  a 
brigade,  the  regimental  ordnance  ivagons,  one  \vagon  with  cooking 
utensils  for  each  regiment,  and  fifteen  empty  -(s'agons  to  gather  sup- 
]>lies  with."  No  other  baggage  was  carried.  The  column  marched 
slowly  toT\ard  Gettysburg.  At  a  fork  in  the  road  one  and  a  half  miles 
from  Cashtown,  Early  sent  Gordon's  brigade  and  White's  battalion  of 
cavalry  on  the  main  road  through  Cashtown  to  Gettysbin-g.  The  re- 
mainder of  the  division  was  moved  to  the  left,  through  Hilltown  to 
Mummasburg.  Early  had  learned  that  there  was  probably  a  force  of 
the  enemy  at  Gettysburg,  "though  I  could  get  no  definite  infonnation 
as  to  its  size."  Gordon's  orders  were  to  engage  this  enemy  force  and 
skirmish  '(\-ith  it  \vhile  the  main  body  of  Early's  division  "should  get 
on  his  flank  and  rear."  Early  hoped  to  capture  the  entire  force.  (JJ3) 

At  nightfall  the  Confederates  entered  Mummasburg,  a  distance 
of  fointeen  miles  from  their  starting  point  at  Greenwood.  Their 
cavalry  had  engaged  in  a  heavy  skirmish  and  had  taken  135  prisoners 
shortly  before  the  infantiy  entered  the  town.  ({J^ 

Upon  arriving  at  Mummasburg  Early  learned  that  the  enemy's 
force  at  Gettysburg  was  small.  A  company  of  French's  Virginia  cavalry 
had  captiued  some  prisoners  in  the  town.  These  prisoners  stated  that 
the  advance  of  Gordon's  brigade  had  i-otited  a  force  of  Pennsylvania 
militia  near  Gettysbing,  "which  fled  at  the  first  approach."  Gordon 
ordered  French's  cavalry  to  pursue  the  militia.  A  quick  melee  ensued 
in  which  some  prisoners  were  taken.  Hays's  brigade  was  immediately 
ordered  to  march  to  Gettysbing  as  soon  as  it  anived  at  Mummasburg. 
The  other  brigades  of  the  division,  Hoke's  and  Smith's,  were  halted 
and  placed  in  camp  at  Mummasburg,-«:arly  described  his  movements 
on  the  evening  of  Jime  26: 

I  then  rode  to  Gettysburg,  and  found  Gordon  just  entering 
the  town,  his  command  having  marched  more  rapidly  than  the 
other  brigades,  because  it  moved  on  a  macadamized  road.  The 
militia  regiment  which  had  been  encountered  by  White's  cavah7 
T\as  the  Twenty-sixth  Pennsylvania  Militia,  consisting  of  800 
or  900  men,  and  had  arrived  in  Gettysbing  the  night  before, 
and  moved  that  morning  a  short  distance  out  on  the  road  to- 
ward Cashto-i\'n,  but  had  fled  on  the  first  approach  of  AV^hite's 
cavaliT,  taking  across  the  fields  bet\\'een  Mummasburg  and  Get- 
tysburg, and  going  toward  Hunterstown.  Of  this  force,  175 
prisoners  in  all  were  captured  and  subsequently  paroled.  Hays' 
brigade  was  halted,  and  encamped  about  a  mile  from  Gettysburg, 
and  two  regiments  were  sent  to  aid  French  (with  his  cavalry)  in 
the  pursuit  of  the  fugitive  militia,  but  could  not  get  up  with  \\..{i^) 

Early  ordered  the  authorities  in  Gettysburg  to  furnish  his  division 
with  supplies,  but  the  to^vn  -ivas  unable  to  comph   with  his  request. 


130  The  Bloody  Sixth 

A  careful  search  of  public  stores  resulted  in  the  requisition  of  a  small 
amount  of  commissary  stores,  "and  about  2,000  rations  ^\ere  found  in 
a  train  of  cars,  and  issued  to  Gordon's  bria,ade."  The  train,  which 
numbered  ten  or  twelve  cars,  was  burned,  as  was  a  small  railroad 
bridge  near  Gettysburg.  The  Confederates  discovered  thaL^ere  were 


no  railroad  warehouses  of  any  importance  in  the  towkJ^zrly  ex- 
plained his  failine  to  force  the  citizens  of  Gettysburg  to  furnish  more 
provisions  for  his  troops: 

The  day  was  rainy  and  the  roads  vei-y  muddy,  and  as  it  was 
late  when  I  reached  the  place,  and  having  to  move  upon  York 
early  next  day,  I  had  no  opportunity  of  compelling  a  compli- 
ance with  my  demands  in  this  town,  or  ascertaining  its  resources, 
which  I  think,  however,  were  very  limited. /7!^ 


Early  then  directed  Tanner's  battei-y  of  Jones's  artillery  battalion 
to  report  to  General  Gordon  "during  the  night."  A  company  of 
French's  Seventeenth  Virginia  Cavalry  was  also  ordered  to  accompany 
Gordon's  brigade.  Gordon  was  ordered  to  move  against  York  at 
dawn  the  following  morning.  Colonel  White  was  directed  to  march 
to  Hanover  Junction  on  the  Northern  Central  Railroad,  burning  the 
railroad  briclges  on  his  route,  and  then  move  against  York,  destroying 
all  the  bridges  on  his  way.C^TjJ) 

On   the  morning  of  June  27,   the  brigades   of  Hoke  and   Smith 
marched  from  Mummasburg  to  Hunterstown,  New  Chester,  Hamp- 
ton, and  East  Berlin.  Their  objective  was  Dover,  near  York.  After  a  i 
hard  march  of  sixteen  miles,  the  men  made  camp  on  tbe-sjoad  just  I 
beyond  the  town  of  East  Berlin,  t^velve  miles  from  Yorlii^arly  rode  i 
to  Gordon's  camp  on  the  York  Pike,  four  miles  west  of  that  city,  "to 
aiTange  with  him  the  manner  of  the  approach  upon  York,  if  it  should 
be  defended."  It  was  soon  learned  that  there  was  no  enemy  force  in 
York,  and  during  the  night  a  deputation  of  city  officials  surrendered 
the  place  to  General  Gordon.  Early  ordered  Gordon  to  move  through 
York  and  secure  the  Columbia  bridge^across  the  Susquehanna  River; 
between  Wrightsville  and  ColumbiajQ|fp 

Gordon's  men  marched  into  York  without  opposition  early  on  the' 
morning  of  June  28.  The  rest  of  the  division,  accompanied  by  Early, 
marched  through  \Veigelsto\vn,  to  the  southwest  of  Dover.  At  Weigels- ; 
town.  Early  sent  Colonel  French,  with  most  of  the  Seventeenth  Vir- 
ginia, to  burn  two  railroad  bridges  at  the  mouth  of  Conewago  Creek 
"and  all  others  between  there  and  York."  The  Confederate  general  i 
was  detemiined  to  destroy  all  the  railroad  bridges  in  York  County. 
The  infantry  marched  into  York.  (v\[^ 

Hays's  and  Smith's  men  were  camped  at  Lauck's  Mills,  on  the 
Northern  Central  Railroad  two  miles  north  of  York.  Hoke's  brigade, 
including    the   Sixth    Regiment,    ivas    quartered    in    "some    extensive 


Into  the  Enemy's  Country  131 

buildings  put  up  for  hospitals"  in  the  city.  As  his  troops  moved  into 
to^vn  Early  met  again  ivith  General  Gordon  and  repeated  his  instruc- 
tions directing  Gordon  to  march  to  the  Susquehanna  Ri\'er,  some 
eleven  miles  clistant,  and  secure  the  Wrightsville-Columbia  Raijroad 
Bridge.    Gordon's  brigade  promptly  moved  in  that  direction. (7^3) 

Early"'  then  turned  his  attention  to  the  matter  of  supplies.  He 
ordered  the  city  officials  in  York  to  provide  his  men  ^\ith  "2.000  pairs 
of  shoes,  1,000  hats,  1,000  pairs  of  socks,  5100,000  in  money,  and 
three  days'  rations  of  all  kinds."  Later,  between  1,200  and  1,500  pairs 
of  shoes  Avere  seized  for  the  road-^veary  infantry.  The  city  ^\as  able  to 
furnish  the  hats,  socks,  and  rations  but  had  some  difficulty  in  raising 
the  S100,000  in  cash.  Only  528,600  was  finally  paid  to  Major  C.  E. 
Snodgrass,  the  divisional  quartennaster.  Early  was  satisfied  that  the 
mavor  and  other  citv  officials  had  "made  an  honest  effort  to  raise  the 
amount  called  ior."(l!t& 

Towards  nightfall  Early  rode  in  the  direction  of  the  Susquehanna, 
hoping  to  hear  news  from  Gordon.  He  had  only  ridden  a  short  dis- 
tance east  of  York  ^vhen  he  saw  "an  immense  smoke  rising  in  the 
direction  of  the  Susquehanna,  which  I  subsequently  discovered  to 
proceed  from  the  burning  of  the  bridge  in  question."  Continuing  into 
Wrightsville,  at  the  Avestern  terminus  of  the  river  bridge.  Early 
learned  what  had  happened.  Gordon  had  arrived  at  the  town  only 
to  disco\er  a  militia  force  of  1,200  men  strongly  intrenched  in  his 
front.  He  attempted  to  move  aroiuid  their  flank  to  cut  them  off  from 
the  bridge,  but  was  unable  to  do  so  "from  want  of  knowledge  of  the 
locality."  Confederate  artillery  was  then  opened  upon  the  defenders 
of  the  bridge.  This  quickly  routed  the  defenders,  who  fled  across  the 
bridge.  But,  since  Gordon's  men  were  ^vearied  by  their  twenty-mile 
march  on  a  hot  day,  "the  enemy  beat  him  rurming."  Still,  Gordon 
attempted  to  cross  the  bridge,  his  advance  guard  getting  halfway 
across.  The  Confederates  ^vere  thwarted  in  their  purpose  when  they 
discovered  the  bridge  to  be  on  fire  in  the  middle.  Since  Gordon's 
men,  armed  only  -with  muskets  and  rifles,  were  unable  to  cope  with 
the  fire,  their  officers  "sent  back  for  buckets  to  endeavor  to  anest  the 
flames."  Before  these  could  be  procured  the  fire  had  destroyed  so 
much  of  the  bridge  that  it  was  impossible  to  control  it.  Gordon  was 
forced  to  order  his  men  back  to  the  ^vestern  side  of  the  river.  The 
bridge,  a  mile  and  a  quarter  long,  was  built  of  wood  resting  on  stone 
pillars.  It  included  a  railroad  bridge,  a  roadway  for  wagon  traffic,  and 
•a  canal  to^\■  path. ^hfS^ 

The  bridge  was  soon  completely  destroyed,  "and  from  it  the  town 
of  Wrightsville  caught  fire  and  seveial  buildings  were  consumed." 
.Gordon's  men  fought  the  flames  and  saved  the  remainder  of  the 
small  to^vn.  In  spite  of  this.  Early  could  scarcely  conceal  his  disap- 
pointment at  losing  the  bridge.    He  ruefully  exclaimed. 


132  The  Bloody  Sixth 

I  regretted  very  much  the  faikire  to  secure  this  bridge,  as, 
finding  the  defenseless  condition  of  the  country  generally,  and 
the  little  obstacle  likely  to  be  afforded  by  the  militia  to  our 
progress,  I  had  detemiined,  if  I  could  get  possession  of  the  Co- 
lumbia Bridge,  to  cross  my  division  over  the  Susquehanna,  and 
cut  the  Pennsylvania  Central  Railroad,  march  upon  Lancaster, 
lay  that  town  under  contribution  (a  favorite  strategem  of  Early) , 
and  then  attack  Harrisburg  in  the  rear  while  it  should  be  at- 
tacked in  front  by  the  rest  of  the  corps,  relying,  in  the  worst  con- 
tingency that  might  happen,  upon  being  able  to  mount  my 
division  from  the  immense  number  of  horses  that  had  been  run 
across  the  river,  and  then  move  to  the  west,  destroying  the  rail- 
road and  canals  and  returning  back  again  to  a  place  of  safety. 
This  project,  however,  was  entirely  thwarted  by  the  destruction 
of  the  bridge,  as  the  river  was  othenvise  impassable,  being  very 
wide  and  deep  at  this  point.^^^) 

Faced  with  a  reverse.  Early  decided  to  concentrate  his  command 
in  the  York  area.  He  ordered  Gordon  to  march  his  brigade  back  to 
York  on  June  29,  but  not  before  he  destroyed  all  the  railroad  cars 
available  at  that  point.(J^ 

Early  returned  to  York  to  learn  that  Colonels  White  and  French 
had  been  fairly  successful  in  destroying  the  railroad  facilities  at 
Hanover  Junction  and  the  mouth  of  the  Conewago.  White  did  not 
destroy  all  the  bridges  between  Hanover  Junction  and  York  because 
"he  reported  that  one  or  t^vo  of  them  were  defended  by  an  infantry 
£orce.(lj«  was  decided  to  spare  the  railroad  buildings,  two  railroad 
car  factories,  and  the  hospital  buildings  in  which  Hoke's  brigade  had 
been  quartered.  Early  gave  his  reasons  for  this  action: 

I  was  satisfied  that  the  burning  of  them  would  cause  the 
destruction  of  the  greater  part  of  the  town,  and,  notwithstanding 
the  barbarous  policy  pursued  by  the  enemy  in  similar  cases,  I 
detemiined  to  forbear  in  this  case,  hoping  that  might  not  be 
without  its  effect  even  upon  our  cruel  enemy.//T^ 


Bitterly,  Early  pronounced  this  policy  a  failure  since  his  example  had 
"been  lost"  upon  the  enemy.  He  had  been  "infonned  that  it  has 
been  actually  charged  by  some  of  their  papers  that  Gordon's  command 
fired  the  town  of  Wrightsville,  whereas  the  exertions  of  his  men  saved 
the  place  from  utter  destruction."  (^^) 

Captain  Elliott  Johnston,  one  6f  Ewell's  aides,  brought  a  message 
to  Early  on  the  evening  of  June  29  which  changed  the  course  of 
events  for  the  Confederates  in  York.  The  note  that  the  courier  car- 
ried was  a  copy  of  a  letter  from  Lee,  with  additional  verbal  instnic- 
tions  from  Ewell  that  directed  Early  to  move  his  division  to  the 
western  side  of  South  Mountain.  Here  he  would  rejoin  the  remainder 
of  the  Second  Army  Corps.  In  obedience  to  these  orders  Early  placed 


Into  the  Enemy's  Country  133 

his  di\isioii-iu   motion   towards  Heidleisburg,   via   \Veigelsto\\n   and 
East  Berliiftii^t  Heidleisburg,  Early 

.  .  .  could  move  either  to  Shippensburg  or  to  Green^vood  by 
the  way  of  Arendtsville,  as  circumstances  might  require.  At  the 
same  time,  I  sent  Colonel  White's  cavalry  on  the  pike  from  York 
toward  Gettysburg,  to  ascertain  if  any  force  of  the  enemy  was 
on  that  road./'J5^ 

While  Early's  division  ^\■ithdrew  to  the  west,  contacts  with  the 
enemy  became  more  numerous.  The  Pennsylvania  militia  became 
more  aggressive  as  Union  cavalry  approached  the  scene  of  operations. 
Early's  cavalry  attacked  a  force  of  Union  cavah7  at  East  Berlin  and 
forced  it  back.  White  reported  that  a  cavalry  and  infantry  force  had 
been  marching  on  the  York  Road  at  Abbotts'  Ford,  but  had  with- 
drawn south  in  the  direction  of  Hanover.  Soon  a  courier  rode  up  from 
Ewell,  bearing  a  message  that  directed  Early  to  meet  Ewell,  march- 
ing with  Rodes's  division  at  Heidlersburg.  Early  placed  his  men  in 
camp  three  miles  from  Heidlersburg  and  rode  forward  to  meet  Ewell. 
At  the  meeting  Ewell  told  Early  that  Lee's  object  was  to  concentrate 
the  Second  Anny  Corps  "at  or  near  Cashtown."  Early  received  orders 
to  move  his  division  to  that  place.  Rodes  would  march  via  Middle- 
town  and  Arendtsville.  Early  Avould  move  his  division  through  Hunt- 
ersto-(\n  and  Miunmasburg.  (T^) 

Early  began  moving  his  division  towards  Cashtown  on  the  morn- 
ing of  July  1.  Their  route  lay  through  Heidlersburg  to  the  Mummas- 
burg  Road.  After  marching  through  Heidlersburg  "a  short  distance," 
Early  received  orders  from  General  Lee,  "informing  me  that  General 
Hill  A\as  moving  from  Cashtown  toward  Gettysburg,  and  that  General 
Rodes  had  turned  off  at  Middletown,  and  was  moving  toward  the 
same  place,  and  directing  me  to  move  also  to  that  point. "(2^^ 

The  men  marched  forward  at  a  rapid  pace.  Soon  the  spires  of  the 
churches  in  Gettysbiug  appeared  to  the  south.  Early  learned  that 
Rodes's  division  was  already  heavily  engaged  with  the  enemy  north  of 
the  town.  The  Union  Anny  occupied  a  strong  position  in  front  of 
Gettysburg  and  was  then  attempting  to  flank  the  left  of  Rodes's  line.  ys'Sj) 
Early 

.  .  .  inmiediately  ordered  (his)  troops  to  the  front,  and 
formed  (his)  line  across  the  Heidlersburg  Road,  with  Gordon's 
brigade  on  the  right,  Hoke's  brigade  (under  Colonel  Avery)  on 
the  left,  Hays'  brigade  in  the  center,  and  Smith's  brigade  in  the 
rear  of  the  left  of  the  Heidlersburg  road,  immediately  in  front 
of  Hoke's  brigade,  so  as  to  fire  on  the  enemy's  flank,  and,  as 
soon  as  these  clispositions  could  be  made,  a  fire  was  opened  upon 
the  enemy's  infantry  and  artillery  by  (his)  artillery'  with  con- 
siderable elfect.  (J^ 


134  The  Bloody  Sixth 

The  Sixth  Regiment,  comparatively  free  from  combat  operations 
in  the  march  into  Pennsylvania,  was  now  commanded  by  Major 
Samuel  McDowell  Tate.  Lieutenant  Colonel  Webb  (he  was  promoted 
to  that  rank  on  March  1,  1863)  had  commanded  the  regiment  at 
the  Battle  of^inchester  but  "was  absent  sick  during  the  Pennsylvania 
campaign. vl3*ls  men  were  brigaded  with  the  Twenty-first  North  Caro- 
lina, commanded  by  Colonel  William  Whedbee  Kirkland,  and  the 
Fifty-seventh  North  Carolina,  commanded  by  the  colorful  Colonel 
Archibald  C.  Godwin.  Unfortunately,  the  Fourth  Regiment  in  the 
brigade.  Lieutenant  Colonel  Kenneth  M.  Murchison's  Fifty-fourth 
North  Carolina,  had  been  detached  at  Winchester  to  escort  prisoners 
back  to  Staunton.(1^) 

A  line  of  battle  ^\as  formed  to  the  left  of  the  Heidlersbursj  Road 
with  skirmishers  advanced  in  front  of  the  main  line  of  infantry.  At 
3:00  P.M.  the  order  to  advance  was  given.  The  line  began  to  move 
forward  toward  the  enemy  who  was  deployed  in  line  of  battle  on  a 
hillside  immediately  north  of  town,  "under  cover  of  a  strong  fence, 
portions  of  which  were  made  of  stone."  The  brigade  advanced  slowly 
until  the  men  approached  a  small,  sluggish  stream,  about  200  yards 
in  front  of  the  enemy's  position.  Then  Union  batteries  opened  fire 
with  grape  and  canister.  Union  infantry  began  firing  with  well- 
directed  volleys.  At  this  juncture  Colonel  Avery  gave  the  order  to 
move  forward  at  a  double-quick  step.  The  men  charged  through  the 
small  stream  and  up  the  hill  to  the  stone  fence.  The  Union  forces  held 
their  position  until  Confederate  infantry  had  come  into  their  midst. 
At  this  point  the  Sixth  North  Carolina  captured  two  Napoleon 
cannons.  Many  prisoners  were  captured  and  sent  to  the  rear.  The 
LTnion  line  broke,  falling  back  into  the  streets  of  Gettysbuig,  "many 
of  them  being  killed  in  the  retreat."  (7^) 

The  men  continued  to  advance  into  Gettysburg,  but  were  moved 
to  the  left  and  "reformed  on  the  railroad."  They  were  now  placed 
under  a  tenific  fire  from  a  Union  battel^  placed  in  position  on  Ceme- 
tery Hill  in  their  front.  In  order  to  avoid  this  fire,  Avery  moved  the 
brigade  by  the  left  flank  about  400  yards  to  a  position  where  the 
railroad  embankment  gave  them  more  protection.  After  being  forced 
to  march  forward  once  again,  the  men  -ivere  finally  halted  behind  the 
slope  of  a  hill,  "and  .  .  ordered  to  lie  down."  Skirmishers  were  soon 
moved  forward  to  engage  the  enemy.  (fV^ 

While  Hoke's  brigade  was  heavily  engaged  to  the  left  of  the 
Heidlersburg  Road,  Gordon's  men  were  moved  forward  on  the  right 
of  the  road  to  support  Doles's  brigade  of  Rodes's  division  which  was 
being  attacked  "by  a  considerable  force  of  the  enemy,  which  had  ad- 
vanced from  the  direction  of  the  toi\n  to  a  wooded  hill  on  the  west 
side  of  Rock  Creek,  the  stream  which  runs  northeast  of  the  town." 
At  this  time  Hays's  brigade  was  ordered  forward  with  Hoke's  brigade. 


Into  the  Enemy's  Country  135 

The  divisional  artillery,  supjjorted  by  Smith's  infantry,  was  ordered 
to  follo^v  Avery,  Hays,  and  Gordon.  QLf) 

Gordon  routed  Barlow's  division  of  the  Eleventh  Army  Corps, 
driving-  it  back  "with  great  slaughter."  Barlow  himself  was  severely 
wounded  and  captured  with  many  of  his  men.  Gordon  then  quickly 
advanced  his  line  over  the  creek  to  the  hill  on  which  Barlo^v  had  been 
stationed.  The  advance  continued  through  the  fields  toward  Gettys- 
burg, until  Gordon  came  to  a  lo^v  ridge,  "behind  which  the  enemy 
had  another  line  of  battle,  extending  beyond  his  left."  Early  ordered 
Gordon  to  halt  here,  and  then  directed  Hays  and  Avery,  who  had 
halted  their  commands  on  the  east  side  of  Rock  Creek,  to  move 
toward  Gettysburg  to  the  left  of  Gordon,  "ivhich  they  did  in  fine  style." 
The  North  Carolinians  and  Louisianians  drove  the  enemy's  second 
line  into  the  to^vn  "in  great  confusion."  Both  units  soon  found  them- 
selves at  the  base  of  Cemetery  Hill,  which  -ivas  vei-y  steejs  and  rugged 
at  this  point.  (/£3) 

Early  described  other  movements  involving  his  division  while 
Hays,  Avery,  and  Gordon  were  pushing  the  enemy  through  Gettys- 
burg: 

...  I  sa^\-,  farther  to  the  right,  the  enemy's  force  on  that  part 
of  the  line  falling  back  and  moving  in  comparatively  good  order 
on  the  ri^ht  of  the  town  to^vard  the  ranafe  of  hills  in  the  rear, 
and  I  sent  back  for  a  battei7  of  artillery  to  be  brought  up  to 
open  on  this  force  and  the  town,  from  which  a  fire  ivas  opened 
on  my  brigades,  but  before  it  got  up,  my  men  had  entered  the 
town,  and  the  force  on  the  right  had  retired  beyond  reach.  I 
had  at  the  same  time  sent  an  order  to  General  Smith  to  advance 
with  his  brigade,  but  he  thought  proper  not  to  comply  with 
this  order,  on  account  of  a  report  that  the  enemy  was  advancing 
on  the  York  road,  (fbf) 


After  his  troops  had  arrived  at  the  base  of  Cemetei-y  Hill,  Early 
rode  into  Gettysburg  to  find  Ewell  and  Rodes,  or  possibly  A.  P.  Hill. 
Early  wished  to  efiect  a  co-ordinated  advance  upon  the  enemy  before 
the  latter  had  recovered  from  the  initial  confusion  of  his  repulse.  He 
felt  that  it  was  important  to  gain  immediate  possession  of  the  hill 
south  of  town  to  which  the  enemy  had  withdraivn.  In  spite  of  this 
feeling.  Early  was  one  of  the  first  Confederate  commanders  to  make 
a  serious  mistake  at  Gettysburg  when  he  ordered  Gordon  to  withdraw 
his  badly-needed  brigade  from  the  base  of  Cemeten'  Hill  and  assist 
Smith,  who  feared  a  Union  advance  on  the  York  Road.  The  fact  that 
Early  sent  Gordon  to  Smith's  aipH^jjeculiar  since  Early  himself  wrote, 
"I  had  no  faith  in  this  report.vi^arly  then  met  an  officer  of  Pender's 
staff,  and  asked  him  to  urge  A.  P.  Hill  to  send  up  a  division,  and  "we 
could  take  the  hill  to  which  the  enemy  had  retreated."  He  soon  met 
Ewell  and  informed  him  of  the  same  hope.   Ewell   told  Early   that 


136  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Johnson's  division  was  moving  up  to  attack  Gulp's  Hill,  a  wooded 
eminence  to  the  left  of  Cemetery  Hill,  "which  it  commanded."  Un- 
fortunately Johnson  didn't  arrive  until  late  that  night,  too  late  to 
launch  an  attack  with  any  measure  of  success.  Therefore,  "no  effort 
to  get  possession  of  the  -(vooded  hill  on  the  left  of  the  town  was  made 
that  night. "(7^^ 

During  tKe  night  Early  ordered  Hays  to  fonn  his  brigade  from 
the  streets  of  Gettysburg  into  a  field  to  the  southeast  of  the  town. 
Here  Hays's  men  would  not  be  exposed  to  Union  artillery  fire  and 
would  be  in  a  position  to  support  Avery  in  an  advance  on  Gemeteiy 
Hill  when  a  favorable  opportunity  should  occur.  ^^ 

Lee  determined  to  attack  the  Union  left  "and  endeavor  to  gain  a 
position  from  which  it  i\as  thought  that  our  artillery  coiddn't  be 
brought  to  bear  with  effect."  Longstreet's  First  Army  Gorps  was 
directed  to  flank  the  Union  left  and  drive  it  in.  A.  P.  Hill's  Third 
Army  Corps  was  ordered  to  make  a  demonstration  against  the  Union 
center  to  prevent  need  of  sending  reinforcements  to  outer  flank.  Part 
of  Hill's  troops  would  be  used  in  Longstreet's  attack.  Ewell's  Second 
Army  Corps  was  ordered  to  make  a  simultaneous  demonstration 
against  the  Union  right,  which  would  be  converted  "into  a  real 
attack  should  opportunity  off^er."  The  time  set  for  these  movements 
was  the  early  morning  of  July  2.  (Tt?) 

The  fateful  morning  of  July  2  came,  but  no  attack  developed. 
During  the  course  of  the  morning,  Early  and  Ewell  rode  forward  to 
examine  a  position  for  the  corps  artillery  on  the  extreme  left  of 
Early's  linil^he  precious  hours  slipped  by,  and  with  them  the 
opportunity  for  a  successful  Confederate  assault  passed.  Early  ordered 
Gordon  to  move  his  brigade  to  the  line  of  the  railroad  immediately 
to  the  rear  of.  the  position  occupied  by  Hays  and  Avery:  Smith  was 
held  on  the  extreme  left  with  elements  of  Stuart's  newly-arrived 
cavalry,  to  protect  the  York  Road.  Confederate  artillery  opened  fire 
on  both  flanks  of  Early's  division  at  4:00  P.AL  to  pave  the  way  for  an 
infantry  assault.  Soon  Ewell  ordered  Early  to  move  Hays's  and  Hoke's 
brigades  against  Cemetery  Hill  when  Johnson  should  attack  Gulp's 
Hill.  The  advance  was  to  be  a  general  and  co-ordinated  one.  Hill's 
Third  Army  Corps  would  also  attack  on  Early's  right. (X^^) 

At  dusk  ne^vs  reached  Early  that  Johnson  had  begun  his  assault. 
Hays  and  Aveiy  were  immediately  ordered  to  attack  the  position  in 
front  of  them  on  that  part  of  Cemetery  Hill  known  as  East  Cemetery 
Hill.  This  point,  according  to  Union  Brigadier  General  Adolph  Von 
Stein^\-ehr  (commanding  the  Second  Division  of  the  Eleventh  Army 
Corps  which  occupied  the  position)  was  "the  commanding  point  of 
the  ^vhole  position,  and  .^-^  had  a  decisive  influence  upon  .  .  .  the 
final  result  of  the  battle. 'v^he  men  of  Hays's  and  Avery's  brigades 
moved  forward  over  the  ridge  in  their  front  under  a  heavy  artillery 


Into  the  Enemy's  Country  137 

fire.  They  rushed  across  a  holIoAv  ]jlace  between  the  ridge  and  Ceme- 
tery Hill,  and  then  began  to  climb  Cemetery  Hill  itself.  In  front  of 
them  were  two  lines  of  Union  infantry,  entrewched  behind  stone  and 
plank  fences.  The  fighting  became  desperatfti^cording  to  Lieutenant 
Colonel  Tate, 

The  enemy  stood  with  a  tenacity  never  before  displayed  by 
them  and  ^vith  bayonet,  clubbed  musket,  sword  and  pistol,  and 
rocks  from  the  wall,  we  cleared  the  heights,  and  silenced  the 
guns.  (7^ 


When  the  summit  of  the  first  hill  had  been  reached  Avei-y  dis- 
covered that  the  massed  Union  batteries  were  "in  front  of  Hays' 
brigade,"  far  to  the  right  of  his  right  flank.  The  advance  \vas  con- 
tinued under  a  heavy  fire  of  artillery.  The  brigade  climbed  a  rail 
fence  and  moved  forward  through  the  bottom  between  the  hill  and 
Cemetery  Hill.  A  heavy  line  of  Union  infanti-y  was  driven  from  a 
stone  wall  at  the  foot  of  Cemetery  Hill.  Sooji^Union  batteries  began 
to  enfilade  both  Hoke's  and  Hays's  brigades>— Colonel  Godwin  wrote, 

...  a  destructive  fire  was  poured  into  our  ranks  from  a  line 
of  infantry  formed  in  rear  of  a  stone  wall  running  at  a  right 
angle  with  our  line  of  battle  and  immediately  below  the  bat- 
teries. ^7^) 

Avery  shifted  his  line  to  the  right,  a  dangerous  maneuver  to 
execute  under  heavy  artillery  and  musketiy  fire.  Three  stone  walls 
were  crossed,  as  well  as  part  of  the  steep  and  rocky  hillside.  The  men 
moved  forward  "with  heroic  determination,"  and  took  the  last  stone 
wall  in  a  desperate  encounter.  It  had  by  now  become  so  dark  that  it 
was  impossible  to  gather  more  than  forty  or  fifty  men  at  any  point 
to  continue  the  advance  as  a  co-ordinated  movement.  (7^ 

Some  seventy-five  men  from  the  Sixth,  with  a  handftd  from  the 
Ninth  Louisiana,  succeeded  in  capturing  a  battery  on  the  right  of  the 
line.  The  colors  of  the  two  units  were  placed  upon  the  Union  position 
in  the  darkness,  on  the  very  summit  of  Cemetery  Hill,  half  a  mile  in 
advance  of  the  other  Confederate  forces.  Tate,  realizing  that  the 
m.oment  of  decision  had  arrived,  issued  a  desperate  call  for  reinforce- 
ments. It  was  no^v  all  or  nothing.  The  ultimate  success  of  the  Con- 
federate cause  upon  the  field  of  Gettysburg  seemed  to  hinge  on  that 
determined  band  of  men  from  the  Sixth  North  Carolina  and  the 
Ninth  Louisiana  ivho  held  their  precarious  position  on  top  of  Ceme- 
tery Hill.  The  moment  passed  and  soon  it  was  too  late.  General 
Greene,  commanding  the  Union  forces  at  this  point,  called  for  rein- 
forcements to  be  rushed  at  the  double-quick  to  East  Cemetery  HiU.([2i) 
Colonel  Samuel  S.  Carroll  of  the  Eighth  Ohio  Infantrv,  commandina; 
the  First  Brigade  of  the  Second  Division,  Second  Armv  Corps,  de- 
scribed the  situation: 


The  Bloody  Sixth 

About  dark,  I  received  orders  through  Major  Norvell,  adju- 
tant general  of  the  division,  to  move  immediately  to  the  assist- 
ance of  part  of  the  Eleventh  Corps  supporting  batteries  on  Ceme- 
tery Hill,  as  they  were  being-  driven  back,  and  the  enemy  was 
charging  those  batteries,  and  that  I  would  be  conducted  by 
an  aide  of  General  Howard's.  Moved  immediately  with  three 
regiments,  the  Fourteenth  Indiana  leading.  We  found  the  enemy 
up  to  and  some  of  them  in  among  the  front  guns  of  the  bat- 
teries on  the  road  (the  Baltimore  Pike) .  Owing  to  the  ar- 
tillery fire  from  our  own  guns,  it  was  impossible  to  advance  by 
a  longer  front  than  that  of  a  regiment,  and  it  being  perfectly 
dark,  and  with  no  guide,  I  had  to  find  the  enemy's  line  entirely 
by  their  fire.f^r<pf) 


Carroll  advanced  his  men  against  the  salient  held  by  Tate  and 
his  handful  of  men.  The  Seventh  West  Virginia  Infantry  changed 
front  to  charge  the  Confederates.  (TtI^ 

Tate,  "finding  the  enemy  were  moving  up  a  line,"  ordered  his 
men  to  ^vithdraw  from  the  crest  of  Cemetery  Hill  to  a  stone  ivall  near 
the  summit.  Here  they  awaited  the  enemy.  When  the  enemy  came 
forward  the  Carolinians  opened  a  well-directed  fire  upon  them,  forcing 
their  withdra-vval  a  second  time.  Looking  doAvn  the  hill  Tate  saw 
masses  of  the  enemy  in  the  hollow  attempting  to  cut  off  his  line  of 
retreat.  Reluctantly  he  ordered  his  men,  imsupported  and  outnimi- 
bered,  to  ivithdraw  down  the  hill  toward  the  Confederate  lines.  Tate 
wrote  later. 

There  was  a  calm  and  determined  resolve,  never  to  sun-en- 
der  .  .  .  and  under  cover  of  the  darkness  I  ordered  the  men  to 
break  and  risk  the  fire.  We  did  so  and  lost  not  a  man  in  getting 

OUt.fTT?) 


The  men  of  the  Sixth  withdrew,  but  they  had  nothing  to  be 
ashamed  of.  They  had  assaulted  a  strong  position,  created  a  near 
panic  at  Wiedrich's  batter)',  and  fought  hand-to-hand  \\ith  sponge- 
staffs  and  bayonets  before  they  were  forced  back  by  a  full  brisade  of 
infantry.  History  knows  few  examples  of  equal  gallanti-yvi^olonel 
Godwin  praised  the  men: 

In  the  desperate  struggle  through  which  we  had  just  passed, 
the  officers  and  men  of  Hoke's  brigade  fulfilled  all  the  expecta- 
tions which  their  gallantry  on  fonner  occasions  had  excited.  No 
body  of  men  of  equal  niunber  could  have  accomplished  greater 
results  against  such  overwhelming  odds.  /]%{) 

During  the  charge  on  East  Cemetery  Hill  the  Sixth  Regiment  and 
Hoke's  brigade  lost  one  of  its  most  valuable  officers.  Isaac  E.  Avery 
fell  mortally  woiuided  with  a  bullet  through  the  neck.  Avery  had  been 


Into  the  Enemy's  Country  139 

oat  in  front,  leading  his  men  on  a  white  horse,  the  only  mounted 
officer  in  the  charge.  A  musket  ball  had  hit  him  on  the  right  side  at 
the  base  of  his  necky^ccording  to  an  historian  of  the  Avery  family. 

It  had  burrowed  its  way  through  the  great  blood  \'essels  and 
nerves  that  supply  the  upper  extremity.  He  was  stinined  by 
the  fall:  his  right  ann  went  limp.  Slow  exsanguination  set  in 
.  .  .  And  there  he  died — Isaac  Erwin  Avery — a  Citizen  Soldier 
^^•ho  bled  to  death  on  the  field  of  battle  and  noAv  rests  in  an 
unknown  soldiers'  grave. //o) 


As  Aven'  lay,  slowly  dying  on  a  rocky  Pennsylvania  hillside,  he 
remembered  his  parents,  his  birth]3lace  at  Swan  Ponds,  and  the 
tradition  from  whence  he  came.  Somehow  the  strength  came  to  him  to 
take  out  pencil  and  paper  and  write  a  message  of  pride  and  great 
relief  to  Major  Tate,  now  the  commander  of  the  regiment  and 
another  Burke  County  man:  "Major,  tell  my  father  I  died  with  my 
face  to  the  enemy,  I.  E.  Avery."  Many  years  later.  Lord  Bryce,  then 
British  Ambassador  to  the  United  States,  read  the  message  on  display 
at  the  North  Carolina  Department  of  Archives  and  History  in  Raleigh. 
Bryce  said,  "The  message  of  that  soldier  to  his  father  is  the  message  of 
our  own  race  to  the  world. '(7^^ 

Godwin,  who  succeeded  Avery  as  brigade  commander,  wrote. 

Here  I  learned  for  the  first  time  that  our  brigade  com- 
mander (Colonel  Isaac  E.  Avery)  ,  had  been  mortally  wounded. 
In  his  death  the  country  lost  one  of  her  truest  and  bravest  sons, 
and  the  armv  one  of  its  most  gallant  and  efficient  officers.  (jfSj 


Tate,  althought  more  laconic  in  his  mention  of  Avery,  A\as  no  less 
appreciative  of  the  colonel's  record: 

Col.   Avery,    a   gallant   officer,    fell    in    front    of    the    heights, 
mortally  ^^■ounded,  he  died  30  hoius  afterwaid. /^^ 


When  the  exhausted  survivors  of  the  assaidt  upon  East  Cemetery 
Hill  retiuned  to  their  own  lines,  Tate  demanded  to  know  why  his 
men  hadn't  been  supported  "and  was  cooly  told  that  it  was  not  known 
we  were^in  the  works."  The  lieutenant  colonel  was  completely  dis- 
gusteel^i'eeling  that  the  Sixth  had  been  slighted  by  General  Early  after 
the  attack,  and  \vould  later  be  slighted  again  in  the  official  reports  of 
the  battle,  Tate  addressed  an  official  account  of  the  event  directly  to 
Governor  Vance  from  Hagerstown,  Maryland,  on  July  8: 

Such  monstrous  injustice  and  depreciation  of  our  efforts  is 
calculated  to  be  of  serious  injiny,  and  then  always  to  divide  the 
honors  due  us  among  all  our  division  is  a  liberalitv  which  is  only 
shown  m  certain  cases.  .  .  . 


140  The  Bloody  Sixth 

...  I  look  for  no  special  mention  of  our  Regiment,  while 
it  is  the  only  one  in  the  A.  N.  V.  which  did  go  in  and  silence  the 
guns  on  the  heights,  and  what  is  more,  if  a  support  of  a  bri- 
gade had  been  sent  up  to  us,  the  slaughter  of  A.  P.  Hill's  corps 
would  have  been  saved,  on  the  day  following.(27^ 

Tate's  letter  was  an  official  report,  although  it  wasn't  written  in 
proper  military  fonn.  It  was  "a  simple  story,  badly  told,"  in  which 
Tate  begged  Vance's  indulgence.  The  letter  was  written  "as  an  act  of 
justice"  and  because  of  a  promise  Tate  had  made  to  the  men  in  the 
regiment.  He  was  afraid  he  might  fall  in  the  next  engagement  and 
wanted  to  set  the  record  straight.  Tate  concluded  with  the  proud 
statement. 

This  Regiment  has  had  a  reputation,  you  know,  and  I  fear 
no  harm  can  come  to  it  while  any  are  left,  but  it  is  due  to  the 
noble  dead,  as  well  as  the  living  that  these  men  be  noticed  in 
some  way.  I  assure  you  it  is  no  sensation  or  fancy  picture.  Such 
a  fight  as  they  made  in  front  and  in  the  fortifications  has  never 
been  equaled.  Inside  the  works  the  enemy  were  left  lying  in  great 
heaps  and  most  all  with  bayonet  wounds,  and  many  with  skulls 
broken  with  the  breeches  of  our  guns.  We  left  not  a  living  man 
on  the  hill  of  our  enemy. ({jj) 

Early  explained  that  Gordon's  brigade  did  not  advance  to  support 
his  two  brigades  on  Cemetery  Hill  "because  it  was  ascertained  that 
no  advance  was  made  on  the  right."  Early  felt  that  even  with  the 
three  brigades  (Hays's,  Hoke's,  and  Gordon's)  together  in  the  attack 
it  would  have  been  impossible  to  hold  the  position  without  assistance 
from  Rodes's  and  Johnson's  divisions.  Sending  Gordon  to  support 
Hays  and  Avei^  i\ould  have  been  followed  by  "a  useless  sacrifice  of 
life."  Latter-day  historians,  using  the  power  of  hindsight,  have  bit- 
terly criticized  Early  for  this  statement  and  for  his  failure  to  come 
to  the  aid  of  Tate  and  his  men  on  Cemetery  Hill.  It  is  certain  that  the 
Battle  of  Gettysburg  might  have  been  won  if  Tate  had  received  ; 
proper  support.  (JJ^J  ! 

It  was  9:30  P.M.  when  the  last  of  Tate's  and  Hays's  men  were 
back  within  the  Confederate  lines.  They  had  held  the  summit  of  the 
hill  for  a  short  time,  and  had  brought  away  between  75  and  100 
prisoners  and  four  stand  of  captured  colors.  Beyond  this,  their  sacri- 
fices had  been  made  in  vain^,^The  Union  Amry  was  still  finnly  en- 
trenched atop  Cemetei-y  HilKQjBefore  dawn  on  the  morning  of  July 
3,  Hoke's  and  Hays's  brigades  were  moved  to  the  rear  and  placed 
in  the  railroad  cut  behind  which  they  had  started  their  attack  on  the 
evening  of  the  2nd.  Later  in  the  day  Hoke's  men,  now  commanded 
by  Godwin,  were  moved  back  into  Gettysburg  and  placed  on  High 
Street,  the  position  formerly  occupied  by  Hays's  Louisianians.  Here 


Into  the  Enemy's  Country  141 

they  were  formed  to  the  left  of  Hays's  brigade.  The  position  wasn't 
completely  safe,  since  the  men  were  exposed  to  a  galling  fire  from 
both  sharpshooters  and  artillery  from  Cemetery  Hill  and  Culp's  Hill. 
The  Confederates  took  it  quietly,  lying  in  line  of  battle  throughout 
the  day.  They  could  hear  the  heavy  firing  which  occurred  during 
Pickett's  unsuccessful  charge  over  the  Emmettsburg  Road  to  the  south, 
but  Early's  division  was  not  called  upon  for  further  action. (7w 

At  2:00  A.AI.  on  the  morning  of  July  4,  the  division  moved  a 
mile  to  the  ivest  to  a  position  along  Cemetery  Ridge.  Here  Hoke's 
brigade  ivas  placed  in  line  of  battle  to  the  left  of  Hays's  troops.  The 
men  remained  in  position  throughout  the  day.  The  position  -ivas  one 
of  some  safety,  since  it  was  in  the  resen'e  line,  behind  Rodes's  and 
Johnson's  divisions,  "which  occupied  the  front  lme."(j9}) 

The  Confederate  attacks  at  Gettysburg  had  been  bloodily  re- 
pulsed. In  these  futile  efforts,  2  officers  and  18  men  of  the  Sixth 
North  Carolina  had  lost  their  lives.  Seven  officers  and  124  men  had 
been  wounded;  1  officer  and  20  men  were  missing,  presumably  taken 
prisoners.  The  grand  total  of  losses  for  the  regiment  at  Gettysburg 
was  172.  The  total  loss — killed,  wounded,  and  missing — for  the  three 
regiments  in  Hoke's  brigade  was  345.  The  greatest  loss  was,  of  course, 
that  of  Colonel  Averv,  who  had  fallen  on  the  evening;  of  the  2nd  in 
the  futile  assault  upon  Cemetery  Hill.  (it€> 

At  dawn  on  the  morning  of  July  5,  Hoke's  brigade  joined  the 
rest  of  Lee's  army  in  the  long  march  back  to  Virginia.  The  men 
marched  down  the  muddy  road  toward  Fairfield  and  Hagerstown,  as 
the  rain  fell  in  torrents  upon  them.  The  war  was  not  over  yet,  but 
their  great  opportunity  had  been  lost./7?^ 


Rappahannock  Station: 
A  Day  of  Nightmare  and  Disbelief 


".  .  .  I  found  Genl.  Hays  by  the  road  side  who  told  me  the  enemy 
had  stormed  the  works  &  captured  nearly  all  his  c!r  Hoke's  Brigade^ 
ir  4  pieces  of  artillery.  He  says  he  never  saw  men  behave  better  than 
his  did  in  his  life." 

Peter  W.  Hairston's  entov  for  Xovemher  7,  1863,  in  his  war  diarv. 


In  the  retreat  toward  Fairfield,  Early's  division  constituted  the 
rear  guard  of  the  Confederate  Army.  As  the  men  retreated,  Union 
artillery  fired  on  them  at  long  range,  but  little  damage  was  done. 
Gordon's  brigade  constituted  the  extreme  rear  of  the  division,  fol- 
loAved  by  ^Vhite's  cavali7  battalion.  Union  cavalry  constantly  haras- 
sed the  marching  men,  fiercely  slouing  down  their  march.  The  rain 
fell  in  torrents,  adding  to  the  miseiy  of  the  infantry  and  the  sadness 
of  the  day.  When  the  division  reached  Fairfield,  "which  is  situated 
in  a  wide  and  low  plain  surrounded  by  hills,"  Early  found  the  wagon 
trains  of  the  army  blocking  the  road  in  front  of  him.  Colonel  White 
rushed  up  to  tell  him  that  Union  cavalry  was  advancing  in  the  rear, 
and  urged  Early  to  try  to  get  the  trains  moving.  As  Early  was  pre- 
paring to  fire  a  blank  cartridge  or  two  with  his  pistol  to  encourage 
the  horses  to  move  forward,  the  enemy's  advance  appeared  on  a  hill 
in  the  rear  of  the  division.  A  confederate  battery  -ivas  hurried  forward 
to  engage  the  enemy,  and  was  soon  met  by  coimter  fire  from  a  Union 
battery.  The  noise  of  the  artilleiy  encouraged  the  horses  to  move 
forward  and  the  trains  soon  cleared  the  road.  One  of  Gordon's  regi- 
ments, the  Twenty-sixth  Georgia  Infantiy,  was  thrown  forward  in 
skirmish  formation  to  hold  the  enemy  back,  "which  it  did  effectually, 
driving  back  his  advance."  The  division  was  quickly  moved  fonvard 
beyond  Fairfield,  and  fonned  in  line  of  battle  in  a  more  favorable 
position.  Gordon's  skirmishers  were  called  in  to  the  main  Confederate 
line.  In  this  engagement  the  Twenty-sixth  Georgia  lost  eleven  \\'Ounded 
and  missing.  The  men  were  soon  placed  in  camp  beyond  Fairfield  in 

142 


fori 


A  Day  of  Nightmare  and  Disbelief  143 

a  position   to  protect   the  ^vagon   trains   which  were   parked   in    the 
vicinity  .(p 

There  was  no  more  fighting  that  night,  ahhough  harassment  by 
the  Union  cavah-y  on  the  5th  had  kept  Early's  division  from  march- 
ing more  than  six  miles.  At  dawn  on  the  morning  of  July  6,  Early's 
troops  were  replaced  by  Rodes's  division  as  rear  guard.  The  retreat 
continued  for  mile  after  mile  until  the  i\-eai-y  men  marched  through 
Monterey  Gap  in  the  South  Mountain  near  the  Maiyland  state  line. 
Passing  through  Monterey  Springs,  on  the  top  of  the  mountain,  the 
division  filed  down  the  A\'estern  side  of  the  gap  to  Waynesborough, 
where  they  made  camp  for  the  night.  They  proceeded  toward  Hagers- 
town,  ten  miles  south  of  Waynesborough,  on  the  morning  of  July  7. 
Their  roiue  lay  through  Leitersburg.  Throughoiu  the  7th,  Early's 
troops  occupied  a  position  in  the  line  of  march  betiveen  Rodes's  di- 
vision in  front  and  Johnson's  division,  \\-hich  now  constituted  the 
rear  guard.  The  men  ^vere  placed  in  camp  one  mile  north  of  Hagers- 
town,  on  the  Chambersburg  Road.  They  remained  in  this  position, 
helping  in  the  ^s'ork  on  the  Hagerstown  fortifications,  until  July  10 
when  the  division  was  marched  through  Hagerstown  and  placed  in 
line  of  battle  on  the  Cimiberland  Road  (on  the  summit  of  a  ridge) 
and  entrenched,  ^vith  its  right  flank  resting  on  the  Hagersto^vn-'W'il- 
liamsport  Road.  Members  of  the  Sixth  North  Carolina  ^\-orked_\\ith 
the  rest  of  the  division,  thro^ving  up  breast^vorks  in  the  woods. (3-' 

The  men  remained  in  position  here  until  the  night  of  July  12, 
when  they  i\'ere  moved  farther  to  the  right  across  the  ^Villiamsport 
Road,  behind  the  position  occupied  by  A.  P.  Hill's  Third  Aiiny  Corps. 
Here  they  remained  in  support  of  Hill's  line,  which  faced  the  Sharps- 
burg  Road  -svhere  a  hea\y  force  of  the  enemy  had  been  massed.  At 
nightfall  on  the  13th  the  division  ■was  marched  to  AVilliamsport, 
bringing  up  the  rear  of  the  Second  Army  Corps.  The  men  marched 
the  six  miles  to  the  Potomac  River  across  muddy  roads  and  through 
a  driving  rain.  At  sunup  on  the  14th  they  waded  the  waist-deep 
Potomac  at  Williamsport.  Hays's  brigade,  with  Jones's  artillei")'  bat- 
talion, crossed  the  pontoon  bridge  at  Falling  ^Vaters,  belo^v  'Williams- 
)ort.  Early's  division — including  the  Sixth  North  Carolina — was  on 
he  soil  of  Virginia  again(3' 

The  division  marched  about  six  miles,  stopped  to  cook  rations, 
ind  made  camp  for  the  night  in  the  \icinity  of  Hainesville.  On  the 
:olloT\ing  day  they  proceeded  through  Martinsburg,  a  distance  of  seven 
les.  After  making  camp  immediately  south  of  Martinsburg,  the  di- 
vision marched  to  Darkes\'ille  on  July  16.  Here  the  troops  remained 
n  camp  until  the  20th,  when  they  uere  ordered  to  advance  across 
»forth  Mountain,  at  Mills's  Gap,  and  across  Back  Creek.  There  had 
)een  rumors  that  a  force  of  Union  infantry  -svas  moving  against  Hed- 
^esN'ille,  and  Early's  division  had  been  ordered  to  intercept  them.  That 


an  jji 


144  The  Bloody  Sixth 

night  the  division  encamped  near  Gerrardstown.  The  follo^\■ing 
morning  the  men  crossed  North  Mountain  and  marched  do^vn  Back 
Creek.  Reaching  Hedgesville,  it  was  learned  that  the  enemy  had 
"hastily  retreated"  on  the  night  of  July  20.  Early  then  moved  his 
men  through  Hedgesville  and  ^vent  into  canip.U7 

During  the  night  of  July  21,  Early  received  orders  to  march  his 
command  up  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  "with  a  view  to  crossing  the 
moimtains."  The  road--(\'eary  men  were  accordingly  marched  to  Bunker 
Hill,  north  of  Winchester,  on  the  22nd;  and  then  soiuh  through  Win- 
chester to  the  Opequon  River  on  the  Front  Royal  Road.  At  the  Ope- 
quon.  Early  received  orders  from  E^vell  to  tmn  off  the  Valley  Road  at 
Cedarville  and  march  farther  do^vn  the  valley.  In  obedience  to  these 
instructions,  partially  influenced  by  the  fact  that  the  enemy  had  oc- 
cupied the  counti-y  east  of  Front  Royal  as  far  as  the  gaps  in  the  Blue 
Ridge,  the  division  marched  to  Strasburg,  via  Middletown,  on  the 
afternoon  of  July  24.  The  men  camped  near  Strasburg,  after  march- 
ing a  distance  of  t-jventy-three  miles.  On  the  25th,  the  men  marched 
all  day  in  the  direction  of  Staunton.  They  camped  near  Edinburg, 
below  Woodstock,  a  day's  march  of  eighteen  miles.  The  day  of  the 
26th  the  division  marcheii  through  Mount  Jackson  to  New  Market 
"and  stopt  for  the  nite."C^ 

During  the  long  march  from  Gettysburg,  Hoke's  brigade  had  be- 
come reunited  with  the  Fifty-fourth  North  Carolina  Infanti-y  under 
Colonel  Kenneth  M.  Murchison  at  Hagerstown.  All  the  regiments  in 
Hoke's  brigade  ■\\-ere  together  again  and  still  ready  to  give  battle  to 
the  enemy.  ^ 

On  July  27,  Early's  division  left  the  Valley  Pike  and  took  a  road 
that  led  due  east,  across  the  Blue  Ridge  Mountains  toward  Gordons- 
ville.  The  men  crossed  the  mountains  at  Fisher's  Gap,  and  then  passed 
through  Madison  Court  House,  Locust  Grove,  and  Rapidan  Station.  ^ 
They  finally  filed  into  a  somewhat  permanent  camp  below  Rapidan  | 
Station  at  Clark's  Mountain,  "in  the  vicinity  of  Orange  Court-House," 
on  August  iV^arly  summarized  his  feelings  toward  his  men  by  ^vriting, 

The  conduct  of  my  troops  during  the  entire  campaign,  on  the 
march  as  well  as  in  action,  was  deserving  of  the  highest  commen-; 
dation.  (p 

Some  of  the  men  didn't  deserve  this  praise.  Many  of  them  were 
tired  of  the  hardships  they  had  faced  and  the  results  T\'hich  their, 
sacrifices  had  produced.  James  Hicks  of  Pleasant  Grove,  Alamancei 
County,  North  Carolina  wrote  Governor  Vance  in  behalf  of  a  young] 
seventeen-year-old  deserter  from  the  Sixth  Regiment.  The  soldier,  left 
nameless  in  the  letter,  had  deserted  Avhen  the  regiment  was  passing 
through  Winchester  in  mid-July,  and  he  had  arrived  home   in  Ala- 


A  Day  of  Nightmare  and  Disbelief  145 

iiiance  County  "nearly  clotheless  &  famished."  All  the  boy  now  Avished 
to  do  ^vas  to  return  to  his  company.  His  mother  wished  to  have  him 
pardoned  "&  released  from  any  punishment"  when  he  returned  to 
the  regiment.  She  was  so  mortified  by  her  son's  conduct  that  "she  had 
rather  seen  her^n  dead  than  that  he  should  have  forsaken  the  flag 
of  his  country. ''-Alany  didn't  desert,  but  they  were  almost  equally 
discouraged.  John  Kerr  Walker  wrote  his  brother,  back  home  near 
Mcbanesville  in  Alamance  County: 

I  will  advise  you  not  to  come  here  if  there  is  any  other 
chance  in  the  ^vorld,  because  you  dont  know  the  hardships  you 
have  no  idea.  And  L^lont  believe  that  you  could  stand  it  here, 
by  no  means.  .  .  .(jy 

He  advised  his  enlistment-minded  brother  to  join  a  cavalrv  com- 
pany being  organized  in  the  Alamance  County  area.  After  discussing 
the  relative  advantages  which  a  cavaln'man  enjoyed  over  a  soldier  in 
the  infanti-y.  Walker  ^vrote,  "I  have  told  you  enough  to  satisfy  you 
not  to  come  here  ...  I  am  confident  that  you  cant  stand  it.''-T"o  back 
Walker's  argument  up,  a  report  was  out  that  the  enemy  was  crossing 
the  Rappahannock  at  Kelly's  Ford,  t^velve  miles  northwest  of  Fred- 
ericksburg. A  battle  could  soon  be  expected.  In  preparation  for  a 
possible  engagement  the  regiment  was  preparing  cooked  rations  "to 
start  this  evening."  The  men  marched  to  Orange  Court  House  on  the 
evening  of  the  2nd  to  counter  a  possible  Union  incursion. (^ 

On  August  3,  Walker  wrote  his  mother  from  "Camp  near  Orange 
C.  H."  to  reassure  her  that  he  was  in  good  health,  although  completely 
worn  out  with  continuous  marching.  The  regiment  was  still  waiting 
for  a  sho-w  of  force  by  the  enemv.  Even  w\\h  a  battle  pending  there 
were  other  things  for  a  boy  to  tell  his  mother.  Walker  described  many 
of  the  Alamance  County  soldiers  in  the  Sixth  Regiment  and  life  in 
his  company   (K)   in  ^vords  reminiscent  of  better  days: 

.  .  .  Joseph  Grinsted  got  to  us  yesterday  he  is  -(veil  and  in  good 
spirits.  He  stayd  in  my  mess  and  I  think  that  we  will  get  along 
ven'  well  (.)  I  have  a  good  mess  2  boys  beside  myself.  .  .  I  have 
a  plenty  of  clothes  we  all  got  just  anything  that  we  wanted  when 
we  took  Winchester.  .  .  .(7^ 

He  urged  his  mother  to  "tell  Bill  (his  younger  brother)  if  he  can 
jet  in  cavalry  not  to  come  here  because  I  know  something  about  it, 
ind  I  dont  have  any  idea  that  he  could  stand  it  any  time  at  all." 
still,  if  his  brother  couldn't  get  into  a  cavalry  outfit  he  should  "come 
to  our  CO."  All  that  was  needed  for  a  soldier  in  Company  K  of  the 
Sixth  was  one  suit  of  clothes,  one  shirt,  one  pair  of  drawers,  one  pair 
>r  two  pairs  of  socks   (in  all) ,  a  coat,  "a  little  light  blanket,"  and  one 


146  The  Bloody  Sixth 

pound  of  soap.  It  was  impossible  to  carry  more  than  that  in  the  fast- 
moving  Sixth.  Other  men  in  the  company,  John  King  and  Edivard 
Hurdle,  sent  their  regards  to  the  home  folks.  Young  Walker  wanted 
"very  well  to  come  this  winter  sometime  and  help  you  all  eat  mo- 
lasses;" and  then  came  a  note  oL«^stalgia —  ".  .  .  tell  Levi  to  keep  my  ; 
mare  fat  until  I  come  home."  C^ 

The  growing  peace  movement  in  North  Carolina,  as  supported  by  1 
Editor  William  Woods  Holden  in  his  Raleigh  Standard  "and  a  few 
exempts  and  non  combatants  in  N.  C,"  raised  the  scorn  and  indigna- 
tion of  members  of  the  Sixth  during  August.  A  mass  meeting  of  the 
officers  and  privates   in   the  regiment  was  held  near  Orange   Court 
House  on  August  8.  A  study  of  the  i-esolutions  taken  at  this  meeting 
reveals   the   fiei7  patriotism   of   the   North   Carolina   soldiers    in   the 
Confederate  Army,   even   after   the   debacle   of   Gettysburg.    Captain 
Richard  Watt  York  of  the  Sixth  Regiment's  Company  I  was  asked  to 
preside  in  the  chair.  He  explained  the  reasons  for  the  meeting  "in  a  • 
clear  forcible  &  eloquent  manner."   Sergeant  Faucette  and  Corporal , 
Malone  were  appointed  secretaries.  On  a  motion  by  Captain  Jeremiah 
Lea,  a  special  committee  of  ten  privates  and   three  officers  was  ap- ' 
pointed  to  prepare  resolutions  for  the  action  of  the  meeting.  Members 
of  the  committee  were  Captain  William  K.  Parrish;  Lieutenant  G.  H. 
Albright:  Lieutenant  L.  H.  Walker;  and  Privates  John  C.  O.  Graham, 
David  K.  Silvers,  J.  G.  Lunsford,  James  E.  Lyon,  C.  L.  Williams,  J.  P.  * 
Dickson,  J.  H.  Hall,  J.  A.  Hamilton,  D.  H.  Fritts,  and  J.  H.  Johnston. 
While  the  committee  ^vas  absent  drafting  the  resolutions.  Lieutenant  i 
S.  P.  Hill  addressed  the  meeting  in  "an  eloquent  fc  pointed"  manner. 
Finally,   the  committee  returned  with  a  series  of  strona^  resolutions 
Avhich  were  unanimously  adopted  by  everyone  presentr-TThe  text  of; 
the  statement  is  worth  mentioning:  | 

Whereas,  the  officers  &  soldiers  of  the  6th  N.  C.  Troops  have 
■(vitnessed  with  regret  &  indignation  the  cause  pursued  by  the 
Raleigh  Standard  and  a  few  exempts  and  non  combatants  in  N.  C. 
in  relation  to  the  struggle  that  we  are  daily  making  for  our  free- 
dom &  independence  and  whereas  this  cause  is  giving  aid  &  com- 
fort to  the  enemy  calculated  to  mislead  the  credulous,  at  home 
and  tarnish  the  fair  name  of  our  good  State  in  the  eyes  of  the 
good  wise  &  patriotic.  Therefore  be  it  resolved  1st.  That  we  officers 
&  privates  of  the  6th  N.  C.  Troops  greatly  desire  peace,  but  we 
scorn  any  peace  that  is  not  based  upon  seperation  of  the 
Confederacy  from  all  political  relation  Avith  the  late.  United | 
States,  and  a  recognition  of  our  Independence;  And  untill 
this  is  secured  we  are  willing  to  continue  the  struggle  as  long  as 
one  of  us  is  left  to  march  against  our  barberous  enemy  2nd 
That  the  cource  pursued  by  the  Raleigh  Standard  and  its 
correspondents  is  whether  actuated  by  (a)  policy  (of)  humanity 
or  patriotism   deserving   of   the   depest   censure   by    the   soldiers 


Ci 


A  Day  of  Nightmare  and  Disbelief  147 

in  the  field,  and  by  the  mothers  fathers  &:  sisters  of  N.  Carolinas 
slauohtered  sons,  calculated  as  it  is  to  induce  the  North  to  believe 
that  N.  C.  is  desirous  to  return  to  the  union.  Resolved  3rd  that 
■with  pain  &  sorrow  we  have  seen  some  of  our  noblest  sons  maimed 
for  life  &  many  fall  to  rise  no  more  yet  we  see  no  reason  to  des- 
pond and  no  cause  to  despair  of  siicess  in  winning  our  freedom 
by  the  force  of  arms.  Resolved  4th  That  we  would  respectfully 
suggest  to  the  aoakers  and  despondents  that  if  they  are  exempt 
from  this  struggle  and  are  un\\illing  to  take  arms  in  defence  of 
their  rights  &:  liberties  that  they  remain  at  home  produce  pro- 
visionsiind  preserve  the  name  of  our  State  untarnished  by  keeping 
si\ent.(20 

The  fifth  resolution  resolved  that  the  proceedings  of  the  meeting 
should  be  published  in  all  the  newspapers  in  North  Carolina   "fa- 
vorable to   the  object   in  view.  Sec."    The   meeting   adjourned  with  ^-. 
three  hearty  cheers  for  President  Davis  and  the  Southern  Confederacy.  Civ" 

The  regimental  meeting  was  follo^ved  by  a  "Convention  of  the 
North  Carolina  Troops  in  the  army  of  Northern  Virginia,"  ivhich 
assembled  at  Orange  Court  House  on  August  12.  The  officers  of  the 
Sixth  were  very  active  during  this  meeting  too,  more  active  it  seems 
than  the  leaders  of  any  other  North  Carolina  unit.  This  meeting 
began  ^vith  some  explanatoiy  remarks  by  Colonel  Bryan  Grimes  of 
the  Fourth  North  Carolina.  Then,  Colonel  J.  D.  Bany  of  the  Eight- 
eenth North  Carolina  moved  that  a  committee,  consisting  of  one 
officer  appointed  from  each  brigade,  should  be  appointed  "upon  the 
permanent  organization  of  the  Convention."  This  committee  reported 
to  the  convention  after  a  short  intennission.  Its  members  were  Colonel 
Grimes,  President:  Colonel  R.  T.  Bennett  of  the  Fourteenth  Regiment, 
Vice-President:  Lieutenant  Colonel  \Vebb  of  the  Sixth  Regiment,  re- 
cently  returned  from  his  illness-induced  absence  during  the  Gettys- 
burg campaign,  Vice-President;  and  Major  William  Parsely  of  the 
Third  Regiment,  Vice-President.  Ten  secretaries  were  appointed  to 
record  the  meeting.  The  delegates  present  then  gave  their  credentials 
and  their  names  were  enrolled  for  the  record.  Brigades  represented 
were  Lane's,  Pettigrew^'s,  Iverson's,  Ramseur's,  Scales's,  Davis',  Daniel's, 
Stuart's,  and  Hoke's.  Hoke's  brigade  was  represented  by  Colonel 
Webb:  Captain  York:  Captain  |.  C.  Turner  of  Company  A;  Lieutenant 
S.  P.  Hill  of  Company  H:  Dr.  F.  Hardy,  Regimental  Surgeon  for  the 
Sixth  Regiment;  Lieutenant  H.  C.  Jones,  Fifty-seventh  North  Carolina; 
W.  J.  Justice,  Aide-de-Camp  to  General  Hoke;  and  Lieutenant  Colonel 
A.  Ellis,  Fifty-fourth  North  Carolina.  Some  of  the  delegates  from  the 
Twenty-first,  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-seventh  North  Carolina  Regiments 
neglected  to  hand  in  their  names.  After  selecting  members  of  the 
committee  and  delegates  the  convention  adjourned  luitil  3:00  P.M.  (^ 


148  The  Bloody  Sixth 

When  the  convention  reassembled  resohitions  were  passed  similar 
to  those  passed  at  the  earlier  meeting  of  the  Sixth.  Captain  York  was 
called  upon  to  make  a  speech,  "and  entertained  the  Convention  in 
an  eloquent  address,  and  handling  the  traitors  and  reconstructionists 
without  gloves."  York  ^vas  frequently  interrupted  by  his  enthusiastic 
audience.  The  regimental  bands  of  the  Fourth  and  Twentieth  North 
Carolina  Regiments  furnished  music  throughout  the  meeting.  After 
appointing  Dr.  Hardy  of  the  Sixth  to  a  committee  which  would  publi- 
cize the  meeting  in  the  North  Carolina  and  Richmond  newspapers, 
the  convention  finally  adjourned  ^vith  much  errtkusiasm,  tendering 
a  final  motion  of  thanks  to  its  presiding  officers.  ^^ 

There  was  some  criticism  by  North  Carolinians  in  the  army  over 
the  proceedings  of  the  convention.  W.  W.  Gaither,  a  soldier  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  North  Carolina,  wrote  Governor  Vance  that  the  resolu- 
tions adopted  (by  the  convention)  "are  supposed  to  embody  the 
general  opinions  of  the  troops.  Whether  they  do,  admits  of  a  doubt." 
Gaither  criticized  those  resolutions  that  attacked  Editor  Holden  by 
saying,  "We  thought  it  impolitic  and  contrai^  to  the  general  object 
and  character  of  the  meeting  to  descend  to  the  condemnation  of  any 
individual  or  organ.,  and  that  such  a  coiuse  was  contrary  to  the 
^v'ishes  of  many."  Gaither  felt  that,  although  he  was  personally  op- 
posed to  Holden's  position,  he  was  also  opposed  to  making  him  look 
so  important  by  attacking  him  personally.  However,  he  had  "long 
thought  the  licentious  liberty  of  the  press  one  major  cause  of  our 
political  damnation."  He  personally  reassured  Vance  that  the  North 
Carolinians  in  the  army  were  behind  the  gubernatorial  policies: 

Allow  me  to  say  that  your  course  through  all  your  admini- 
stration is  highly  approved  by  all  persons  of  all  partys  without 
exception  so  far  as  I  could  learn.  Many  wishes  were  expressed 
for  your  presence,  and  you  may  not  be  surprised  to  receive  an 
invitation  or  bequest  to  come  and  address  the  troops  personally.  I 
wish  you  would,   (that)   would  do  more  good  than  forty  meetings.  * 

Others  had  their  doubts  as  to  the  spirit  of  Cai'olinians  in  resisting 
the  ever-present  Union  Anny.  William  J.  Walker  of  Company  K 
wrote  his  Uncle  John  Walker,  "the  boys  are  all  tired  of  the  war  and  I 
am  in  hopes  that  it  will  come  to  a  close  befor  long."  Still,  all  "the 
boys"  weie  doing  well,  except  William  Hurdle  who  was  "veri^  porly." 
Young  Walker  admitted  that  the  Sixth  Regiment  was  "a  hard  old 
place."  But  he  showed  his  personal  feelings  when  he  promised  to  try 
"and  ckKthe  best  I  can  and  if  I  am  called  on  to  fight  I  will  do  all  I 
cane."  (5^ 

Possibly  the  best  feelings  and  the  most  noble  sentiments  that 
concerned  a  member  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  during  this  bitter  summer 
of  hard   fighting  and   disastrous  reversals   appeared   in    the   obituary 


A  Day  of  Nightmare  and  Disbelief  149 

notice   of   Sergeant   William    G.    Ray    of   Company    B,    \\'ho    fell    at 
Gettysburg: 

Thus  has  a  noble  youth  fallen  in  defence  of  his  country.  .  .  . 
He  was  a  consistent  member  of  the  Presbyterian  church  at  Little 
River.  The  Church  has  lost  a  de\'Oted  member,  the  anny  a  good 
soldier,  and  his  mother  an  humble  and  submissive  son.  .  .  . 

.  .  .  He  fought  with  fiminess,  bravery  and  detennination, 
never  faltering  from  duty,  in  camp,  on  a  march,  or  the  battlefield, 
ever  ready  to  bear  his  portion  of  the  biu'dens  of  -ivarfare.  He  ^vas 
a  gentleman,  a  Sfood  soldier,  and  a  de\oted  christian.  Ahvavs 
modest  and  unassuming,  he  seldom  passed  for  his  true  ijxirth 
only  with  those  with  whom  he  was  intimately  acquainted.   (23^ 

Other  men  did  not  share  the  patriotism  exhibited  by  Sergeant  Ray. 
Some  even  wanted  to  leave  the  regiment.  Private  M.  M.  Miller,  a 
soldier  in  Company  G  and  a  "licensed  minister  of  the  Gospel  of  the 
Lutheran  denomination,  of  N.  C.  Synod,"  Avrote  Governor  Vance  re- 
questing an  appointment  as  chaplain  for  the  Salisbury  Wayside  Hos- 
pital, "or  some  other  post  or  prominent  place  as  chaplain;  clerk, 
comesary  &:c.  in  N.  C."  Private  Miller  had  fought  in  evei7  battle 
the  Sixth  participated  in  except  First  Manassas.  He  had  been  recently 
wounded  in  the  right  thigh  by  a  shell  fragment  in  the  night  attack  on 
Cemetery  Hill  at  Gettysburg  and  had  lost  the  use  of  his  1^.  AV'riting 
in  a  style  typical  of  educated  soldiers  in  the  Confederate^irmy  when 
they  wished  to  ask  for  a  favor  or  special  privilege.  Miller  explained, 

...  I  dont  think  I'll  be  able  to  endtire  the  hard  marches, 
therefore  if  it  please  his  Honor,  ^vill  he  be  so  kind  as  to  obligle 
his  hinnble  and  most  obedient  ser\ant,  as  to  assign  him  to  post 
of  Salisbun'  ^Vayside  Hospital,  or  some  other  station.  By  the  -iv'ay 
my  father  (J.  C.  Miller)  is  a  ^vealthy  planter  residing  near 
Salisbury,  X.  C,  Ro^\•an  Coimty.  Once  more  1  appeal  to  your 
honor  and  majesty  to  remember  me — as  for  references  of  my 
character  &;c.  apply  to  Baldy  Henderson,  Esq;  John  J.  Shaver, 
Esq,  Drs.  \Vhitehead,  and  Summen'el  and  Hon.  Burton  Craige — 
all  of  Salisbui-y — and  ask  them  of  or  about  the  son  of  J.  C.  Miller 
Esq.,  as  there  are  many  Millers  about  there.  (^Sy 

Miller  wrote  his  letter  from  a  bed  in  Hospital  Ninnber  Ten  at 
Petersburg,  "Ward  No.  2."_He  "anticipated"  getting  home  on  a  fur- 
lough in  the  near  future,  vi?' 

Others  left  for  even  less  ^vorthy  reasons.  A  private  wrote  to  his 
father  in  early  September  that  no  one  could  blame  men  for  deserting 
"from  our  regiment  and  from  the  brigade"  while  editors  like  W.  W. 
Holden  of  the  Stayidard  printed  disloyal  editorials,  or  peace  meetings 
were  held  in  important  North  Carolina  counties  such  as  Wake.  After 
all.  North  Carolina  had  been  treated  "ven'  unjust"  durine  the  war. 


150  The  Bloody  Sixth 

The  writer  felt  that,  "Her  troops  are  looked  on  by  many  not  to  be 
loyal  to  the  South."  Puhikations  like  the  North  Carolina  Standard 
didn't  help  the  situatiort^olden 

.  .  .  hints  himself  of  being  in  favor  of  the  Union  and  allows 
other  pieces  to  come  in  the  columns  of  his  paper  that  are  not  fit 
to  be  printed.  Just  such  as  this  is  what  has  brought  North  Caro- 
lina to  what  she  is  at.  If  everybody  was  in  my  notion  they  would 
mob  him  and  bum  up  his  office.  He  makes  nothing  of  boasting 
of  having  two-thirds  of  the  soldiers  on  his  side.  This  is  but  poor 
encouragement  for  North  CaroHna  soldiers  to  continue  to  fight 
on.  ...  If  some  steps  are  not  taken  to  stop  it,  it  is  my  opinion 
that  North  Carolina  will  be  back  in  the  Union  in  less  than  six 
months.(^^ 

The  writer  couldn't  understand  ^vhy  the  citizens  of  North  Carolina 
allowed  Holden  to  continue  his  disloyal  writing.  Maybe  it  was  be- 
cause "they  have  not  got  foresight  enough  to  see  what  will  be  the 
result."  Perhaps  they  were  with  "Lincoln  and  his  Administration." 
Whatever  the  reasons  were,  the  North  Carolina  soldiers  in  the  Army 
of  Northern  Virginia  were  deeply  annoyed  by  HoMfin  and  the  evident 
support  that  he  ^vas  receiving  in  North  Carolina. (3^ 

The  situation  became  serious  enough  to  receive  the  personal 
attention  of  men  like  Governor  Vance,  Secretary  of  War  Seddon,  and 
General  Lee.  The  final  word  on  the  problem  came  from  Lee  who 
wrote  to  Seddon  after  a  fluny  of  correspondence  between  the  latter 
and  Governor  Vance.  Lee  regretted  "exceedingly"  the  sad  conse- 
quences which  resulted  from  the  "crude  misstatements"  of  newspaper 
correspondents  who  were  unacquainted  with  the  facts  of  the  situation. 
Lee  could  "see  no  remedy  for  this."    He  wrote, 

Men  seem  to  prefer  sowing  discord  to  inculcating  harmony. 
In  the  reports  of  the  officers,  justice  is  done  to  the  brave  soldiers 
of  North  Carolina  whose  heroism  and  devotion  have  illustrated 
the  name  of  their  State  on  every  battlefield  in  which  the  Amiy  of 
Northern  Virginia  has  been  engaged.(_*^ 

Lee  politely  declined  to  grant  Vance's  request  that  a  North 
Carolina  soldier  should  be  assigned  to  cover  the  activities  of  North 
Cai-olina  troops.  North  Carolinians  were  always  tieated  equally  with 
men  from  other  states.  Lee  felt  that  "In  the  appointment  of  officers  I 
do  not  think  there  is  any  ground  for  complaint. '^fter  covering  other 
causes  of  complaint  he  concluded: 

I  need  not  say  that  I  will  with  pleasure  aid  Gov.  Vance  in 
removing  every  reasonable  cause  of  complaint  on  the  part  of  men 
who  have  fought  so  gallantly  and  done  so  much  for  the  cause  of 


A  Day  of  Nightmare  and  Disbelief  151 

our  country.  And  I  hope  that  he  will  do  all  in  his  power  to  cul- 
tivate a  spirit  of  harmony,  and  to  bring  to  punishment  the  dis- 
affected who  use  tligse  causes  of  discontent  to  further  their 
treasonable  designs.  (^^7) 

Routine  duties  kept  some  members  of  the  regiment  too  busy  to 
grumble.  Captain  \V.  K.  Panish  of  Company  B  and  Lieutenants  W.  G. 
Turner  (Company  E)  and  Louis  H.  Rothrock  (Company  G)  were 
assigned  to  "a  board  of  survey"  to  examine  the  condition  of  certain 
commissary  stores  on  September  3.  The  board  soon  met  and  reported 
that  "34  lbs.  of  bacon  and  3  banels  &  90  lbs.  flour  totally  unfit  for 
issue  to  troops. "C5^ 

■\Vhile  his  men  were  holding  mass  meetings,  attacking  the  integrity 
of  Editor  Holden  and  inspecting  meat,  General  Hoke,  ^\ho  had  re- 
tinned  to  his  brigade  for  a  brief  period  in  August,  was  ordered  to 
Xorth  Carolina  to,  capture  deserters  and  maintain  order  in  the  -svestern 
])art  of  the  stater-Governor  Vance  directed  Hoke  to  "proceed  to  Wilkes 
and  adjoining  counties.  .  .  and  use  every  effort  to  capture  the  deserters 
and  conscripts,  and  break  up  &  disperse  any  organized  bands  of  law- 
less men  to  be  found  there.  .  .  ."  By  September  8,  Hoke^|^  at  High 
Point  collecting  troops  to  march  into  the  ^vestern  countiesTTN'ith  Hoke 
gone  the  command  of  the  brigade  reverted  once  again  to  Colonel 
Godi\-in.(2^ 

The  militaiy  situation  had  been  quiet  along  the  Rapidan  since 
both  annies  had  marched  into  the  area  after  the  conclusion  of  the 
Gettysburg  campaign.  The  Sixth  Regiment  had  remained  in  its 
camp  near  Clark's  Moimtain,  recuperating  from  the  hardships  that 
accompanied  the  deback  at  Gettysburg.  This  peace  and  quiet  was 
about  to  be  shattered. (2^5^ 

In  early  September  a  "large  force"  of  Union  cavalry,  supported  by 
a  column  of  infantry,  occupied  the  town  of  Culpeper.  Stuart's  hard- 
riding  cavalry  resisted  the  unexpected  advance,  but  was  forced  to  with- 
draw after  a  sharp  fight.  Early's  division,  supported  by  Rodes's,  was 
quickly  moved  up  to  the  line  of  the  Rapidan  to  prevent  a  crossing. 
The  two  areas  of  Union  attack  \vere  at  Somerville  and  Raccoon  Fords.'— ^ 

The  men  in  the  Sixth  were  ordered  to  cook  rations  on  Sunday 
night,  September  13.  Early  on  the  following  morning  they  were 
moved  fonvard  "to  meat  our  enemy."  After  marching  about  five  miles, 
the  Sixth  came  under  a  severe  artillery  fire  from  Union  batteries  north 
of  the  Rapidan.  Confederate  artillery,  quickly  moved  fonvard  to  en-  -^ 
gage  the  enemy,  soon  forced  the  latter's  ^vithdrawal  from  the  fieldC—^ 
William  J.  Walker  of  Company  K  wrote  later  that  he  "was  nolk  do^vn 
by  a  bom  &:  struck  on  the  waist  of  my  pants  by  a  canister  but  A\itliout 
taking  effect  ...  a  time  I  never  seen  before."  Fortunately,  no  one  in 
the  regiment  Tvas  hurt/a?^ 


o 


152  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Throughout  the  1 5th,  the  men  lay  in  the  woods,  facing  the  enemy 
across  the  Rapiclan.  No  fighting  ^vas  done,  but  there  was  some  heavy 
cannonading  of  Confederate  positions  by  Union  artillery.  The  Sixth 
Regiment  was  moved  down  to  the  Rapidan  at  Somerville  Ford  to 
picket  in  the  evening.  Early  on  the  morning  of  the  16th,  the  regiment 
began  to  fire  on  the  Union  pickets.  Skinnishing  continued  all  day. 
At  10  o'clock  in  the  morning  Captain  Neill  W.  Ray  of  Company  D 
and  Lieutenant  Brown  of  Company  E  took  eighteen  volunteers  aa-oss 
the  river  in  "a  littel  Boat."  The  party  crept  up  to  some  houses  on  the 
enemy's  side  of  the  river  and  began  firing.  About  200  of  the  enemy  were 
driven  out  of  their  works.  A  horse,  several  rifles,  and  blankets  were 
captured  "and  never  get  a  man  hirt.'"  AboiU  five  of  the  enemy  were 
killed;  four  of  them  were  wounded  and  captured.  The  Sixth  lost  a 
total  of  two  killed  and  four  wounded.  This  compared  very  favorably 
with  a  total  enemy  loss  of  thirty — killed,  wounded  and  captured.  C 
William  J.  Walker  described  the  action  on  the  morning  of  the  16th  in 
colorful  language: 

...  no  sooner  than  it  became  light  they  began  to  come  down 
on  the  (river)  to  wash  we  let  them  come  down  a  (nd)  Col.  Webb 
told  them  to  come  over  but  they  said  o  no  and  turned  round  and 
started  to  rim  and  our  col. said  give  it  to  them  boys  and  you  just 
ought  to  have  seen  Yankees  fall  I  dont  think  but  ther  are  one  got 
back  to  ther  breastworks.  I  dont  think  that  they  can  ctoss  here 
for  we  hav  got  all  advantage  in  the  ground  but  I  think  from 
what  I  can  understand  that  we  will  have  to  cross  over  on  them 
but  I  am  in  hopes  not  for  ther  force  is  verry  large   (-Y^ 

The  men  had  to  contend  with  more  than  the  enemy.  It  had  been 
raining  for  three  days  ^vithout  letup.  The  troops  stood  in  knee-deep  i 
mud  and  water  in  their  breastwork.  They  had  nothing  to  eat  but 
w^heat  bread,  cold  water,  "and  a  little  meat  boilet  on  the  fire."  Walker 
felt  that  the  life  of  a  soldier  "is  a  hard  one."  A  man  had  to  experi- 
ence it  before  he  could  believe  it.  His  description  of  himself  is  worth 
repeating: 

...  I  am  a  (s)   dirty  as  a  boy  and  all  most  eat  up  with  lice.  . .  .(^  n 

After  thanking  his  parents  for  a  recently-received  letter  and  hoping 
that  members  of  his  family  would  come  to  visit  him  in  camp,  he  con- 
cluded -ivith  an  unnecessarv  "excuse  bad  writing  and  spelling  under 
the  present  circumstances."^^ 

The  Sixth  was  relieved  of  its  uncomfortable  position  in  the  trenches 
by  the  Fifty-seventh  North  Carolina  on  the  night  of  September  16; 
the  skirmish  was  over  and  a  minor  victor)'  had  been  won.  The  men 
had  a  rest  on  September  17;  in  fact,  no  fighting  was  done  except 
for  the  pop-pop  of  a  few  shots,  exchanged  between  the  pickets  down 


A  Day  of  NIGHT^rARE  and  Disbelief  153 

at  Somerville  Ford.  The  lack  of  fighting  became  so  pronounced  that 
Peter  Hairston  of  Davie  County,  North  Carolina,  a  special  aide  to 
C.eneral  Early,  coidd  write. 

Every  thing  here  is  quiet  and  the  weather  is  veiy  fine.  Genl. 
Lee  has  ordered  his  troops  to  keep  tivo  days  rations  on  hand 
ready  cooked.  This  may  either  be  indicative  of  a  movement  on 
his  part  or  he  may  be  expecting  the  enemy  to  make  one.(^^/^ 

Nevertheless,  a  battle  could  begin  at  any  time:  it  Avas  too  quiet;  the 
opposing  armies  were  too  close  for  a  lull  in  the  fighting  to  be  long 
maintainedv-so  the  annies  faced  each  other  across  the  narro^v'  Rapidan 
as  September,  1863  dreiv  to  a  close.  Colonel  ^Villiam  Gaston  Lewis 
of  tlie  Forty-third  North  Carolina  Regiment  described  the  scene  as  he 
viewed  it  from  his  regimental  headquarters  near  Morton's  Ford,  east 
of  the  position  above  Somerville  Ford  that  the  Sixth  Regiment 
occupied: 

It  is  a  beautiful  view  from  just  in  front  of  my  quarters.  Away 
off  to  the  right,  as  far  as  the  eye  can  see,  a  long  red  line  of  earth 
Avorks  extends  &  upon  every  knole  bristling  batteries  loom  up 
ready  to  deal  death  &  destruction  to  any  enemy  ivho  shall  be  so 
bold  as  to  \enture  to  cross  the  little  Rapidan  Avhich  separates  the 
t^\-o  hostile  annies.  There  are  our  works.  A  few  miles  to  the  front 
&  left  &  right  upon  a  high  ridge  of  hills,  the  white  tents  of  the 
enemy  spread  out  like  flocks  of  sheep  feeding  on  the  hill  sides. 
Just  beneath  us  rtms  the  small  muddy  Rapidan,  s-iveeping  through 
the  most  beautiful  lovely  &  fertile  valley  that  the  sun  shines  iq^on. 
Beautiful  cotages  dot  every  knole,  S;  the  moving  green  corn  covers 
the  low  lands  \vith  its  rich  verdure  of  great  beauty.  The  only 
sight  that  mars  the  aspect  of  this  lovely  valley,  is  a  long  line  of 
Yankee  sentinels  that  stretch  along^^its  beautiful  plains  farther 
than  the  eye  can  distinguish  them.^^ 

In  spite  of  these  visible  features  of  war  the  Blue  Ridge  Mountains 
to  the  west  continued  to  bask  serene  in  the  setting  sun,  "as  if  it  wished 
to  bathe  its  head  in  the  fleecy  clouds  which  are  continually  floating 
around  &  above,  &  belo'iv  it."  Lewis  was  saddened  by  the  scene  since 
it  might  be  "rendered  hideous"  at  any  moment  by  "the  bursting  of 
hostile  shell,  by  the  shouts  of  victory  &  the  gioaning  of  the  ^\-ounded 
&  dying,  by  the  passing  of  many  of  oiu"  noblest  soids  to  another  ivorld 
of  mystery  &;  uncertainty.")^) 

As  the  Sixth  Regiment  faced  the  enemy  in  its  position  at  Somerville 
Ford  on  the  Rapidan  it  numbered  400  "battered  and  briused"  men. 
One  hundred  of  these  men  ^\ere  ivithout  blankets,  coats  or  pants — a 
price  the  regiment  paid  for  the  gnielling  marches  of  the  Gettysburg 
campaign.  The  men  had  not  been  paid  any  wages  at  all  for  five 
months.  To  add  to  their  discomfort  the  nights  were  "very  cold:"  winter 
was  fast  approaching  in  the  hills  of  northern  Virginia.    In  spite  of 


154  The  Bloody  Sixth 

these  hardships,  the  men  did  not  grumble  or  complain.  Webb,  who 
was  deeply  concerned  over  the  condition  of  his  men,  represented  their 
sad  condition  to  the  proper  authorities  in  Early's  division.  In  spite  ^ 
of  these  pleas  nothing  was  done  to  alleviate  the  condition  of  the  men.C. 
In  a  letter  to  Governor  Vance,  Webb  petitioned. 

Do  all  you  can  for  us  and  the  soldiers  will  not  only  bless  you, 
but  it  will  nei-ve  his  ama  in  the  hoiu-  of  battle,  and  he  ^vill  remem- 
ber with  his  dieing  breath,  when  he  yields  Jiis  life  for  the  land  he 
loves  that  he  was  not  forgotten  at  home.^J' 

To  support  his  request  and  procure  supplies  for  his  men,  Webb  sent 
the  Sixth's  quartermaster,  Captain  Thomas  H.  Brame,  to  North  Garo- 
lina  to  file  his  bond  and  get  what  supplies  he  could  in  Raleigh.(£!v 

The  quiet  along  the  Rapidan  continued  as  September  passed  into 
October.  Lieutenant  John  S.  Lockhart,  formerly  of  Company  B,  entered 
upon  ne^v  diuies  as  enrolling  officer  for  Orange  County,  North  Caro- 
lina. Lockhart  had  been  badly  wounded  in  the  foot  at  Salem  Chmxh 
on  May  4,  1863,  and  had  been  in  North  Carolina  recuperating>-The 
men  along  the  Rapidan  weren't  as  fortunate  as  Lockhart.  Their  days 
were  spent  in  brisk  skirmishing,  picket  diuy,  and  diggin^in  the  earth 
to  construct  rifle  pits  and  trenches  for  defensive  action(£3) 

In  early  October  some  clothing  was  issued  to  the  men,  largely 
through  the  efforts  of  the  indefatigable  Captain  Brame.  Captain 
William  K.  Panish's  Company  B  received  eighteen  pairs  of  pants, 
thirteen  jackets,  ten  pairs  of  drawers,  sixteen  pairs  of  socks,  and  six 
shirts.  More  clothing — mostly  jackets,  drawers,  socks,  and  pants — was 
issued  to  Lieutenant  Louis  H.  Rothrock's  Company  G,  Captain  J. 
Calder  Turner's  Company  A,  and  Captain  Benjamin  F.  "White's 
Company  F.  'Hy 

On  October  7,  John  K.  Walker  described  the  regiment's  situa- 
tion along  the  Rapidan: 

.  .  .  our  regt.  is  in  good  health  at  this  time  we  are  still  in 
camp  at  the  same  place  (.)  we  was  verry  much  alarmed  las  Mon- 
day morning  so  nm  our  in  line  of  battle  and  lay  all  day  but  no 
fight  took  place  (.)  we  could  see  the  Yankees  a  moveing  about 
but  they  made  no  attemp  to  cross  (.)  we  could  see  a  great  many 
wagonsjnoveing  down  the  river  in  the  direction  of  Fredericks- 
burg, (g) 

Walker  felt  that  "if  we  had  the  old  man  Jackson"  the  Confederates 
would  have  crossed  the  Rapidan  "before  now."  The  river  was,  accord- 
ing to  Walker,  no  larger  than  Stoney  Creek  back  home  near  Mebanes- 
ville  in  Alamance  County.  Still,  the  Confederates  were  so  well  fortified 
on  tire  steep  southern  bank  of  the  river  that  the  "Yankees  are  a  fraid 
to  come  over."  The  wej^ther  ^vas  cool,  the  nights  even  cold.  An  early 
winter  was  in  the  air.i 


A  Day  of  Nightmare  and  Disbelief  155 

Walker's  letter  contained  more  than  mere  militai^  information. 
He  had,  young  as  he  was,  found  his  God.  His  words  reflected  the 
mood  of  many  other  Confederate  soldiers  who  were  being  affected  by 
the  great  religious  revival  that  swept  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia 
in  the  fall  and  winter  of  1863-1864.  Walker  wrote  his  parents: 

Oh!  I  just  wish  that  I  could  see  you  all  so  I  coidd  tell  you 
that  I  love  my  savior  Oh  how  happy  I  am  I  would  give  all  this 
i\orld  to  see  you  all  ...  I  had  prayed  and  prayed  time  and  again 
till  I  \\as  almost  ready  to  give  up  and  say  that  ther  was  no  rest 
for  me  but  oh  that  sweet  Jesus  that  stands  ready  and  willing  to 
take  away  the  sins  of  the  world  came  do\vn  and  whispered  to 
pierce  my  weary  soul,  and  oh  what  a  joyfidl  time  I  wish  you  could 
have  been  here  to  have  rejoiced  with  nie  mother  I  found  my 
savior  Sunday  night  between  midnight  and  day  oh  you  dont  know 
ho^\'  bad  that  I  wanted  to  see  you  all  but  never  mind  I  hope  the 
time  ^\-ill  soon  come  when  we  can  see  each  other. ^^ 

It  ^\■as  good  to  hear  that  Brother  Levi  had  also  found  God  and  was 
beginning  to  read  the  Bible.  It  was  fine  to  learn  that  a  great  revival 
was  going  on  back  in  Alamance  Coimty  at  Union  Church;  "I  hope 
it  will  never  clos  till  all  may  get  religion."  eP 

Unfortunately,  not  everyone  in  the  Sixth  shared  Walker's  con- 
tentment and  serenity.  Colonel  Tate,  who  was  beginning  to  have  the 
same  spiteful  and  jealous  oiulook  on  life  as  Colonel  Webb,  now  at- 
tacked ^Vebb  as  the  latter  had  attacked  the  late  Colonel  Avei7.  Tate 
felt  that  Pender  had  really  wanted  to  promote  him  to  the  lieutenant 
colonelcy  instead  of  Avery  back  in  Jime,  1862!  According  to  Tate, 
"I  positively  declined  and  insisted  on  Avery's  promotion  instead!" 
Pender  had  "finally  .  .  .  consented"  under  Tate's  pressure.  Tate 
wrote  in  a  rather  conceited  vein: 

This  self-sacrificing  disposition  of  mine,  tho  unusual  in  these 
times,  is  well  known  in  the  Regiment  and  these  facts  familiar  to 
its  officers  or  at  least  some  of  them.(£X^ 

Tate  felt  that  his  "modesty"  had  been  improfitable  to  him.  After 
explaining  that  he  harbored  no  thoughts  of  possible  promotion,  he 
attacked  Webb  savagely  in  a  style  that  seems  to  have  been  all  too 
common  among  officers  in  the  Confederate  Army: 

.  .  .  now  I  find  myself  a  subordinate  of  a  man  declared  by  a 
former  Governor  of  North  Carolina  (Clark) ,  unfit  for  promo- 
tion, /fc) 

Nevertheless,  Tate  felt  that  Webb  "ought  to  be  Colonel,"  and  that 
their  personal  relations  were  always  "\ery  kind."  Still  Tate's  position 


156  The  Bloody  Sixth 

in  the  regiment  "is  not  flattering  to  me."  Like  many  other  men  he 
had  hurt  his  personal  affairs  by  hastily  entering  the  amiy  when  war 
broke  otit  in  1861.  Tate  might  have  made  "a  forttme"  by  resigning 
his  commission  and  taking  advantage  of  his  "legal  exemption."  Be- 
cause of  his  "patriotism"  he  had  "scorned"  this  course  of  action.  Still, 
these  considerations  must  be  )^en  into  account  in  the  personal  affairs 
of  a  highly  ambitious  officeii-Tate  wrote  Governor  Vance  asking  for 
assistance: 

.  .  .  while  I  never  sought  a  place  from  state  or  Confederate 
Governments  directly  or  indirectly,  I  woidd  not  be  averse  to 
changing  my  position  to  whatever  it  might  be  proper  in  me  to 
asstmie,  or  accept. 

I  must  beg  of  you  not  to  allow  me  to  give  you  the  least 
trouble  about  it,  biu  if  at  any  time  you  need  the  services  of  one 
of  my  qualifications  and  you  think  I  would  do  better  than  others, 
command  me.  Or;  if  any  opportunity  offers  to  reward  me,  ^vithout 
injury  to  YQur  other  friends,  I  would  be  very  grateful  to  you  for 
your  aid.  (t*:/ 

He  ended  his  letter  by  informing  Vance  that  "all"  was  quiet  along 
the  Rapidan,  and  asked  the  governor  to  assist  him  in  sending  a 
package  from  Nei^Vork:  "My  object  is  to  get  it  through  to  Raleigh 
via  Wilmington. "^^nce's  reply  was  friendly,  promising  to  bear  Tate's 
request  in  mind  and  assuring  him  that  "Any  commvtwitation  with 
N.  Y.  I  can  accomplish  for   (you)    by  way  of  Nassau. "L^ 

Life  in  Hoke's  brigade  and  the  Sixth  Regiment  wasn't  all  filled 
with  preparations  to  meet  the  enemy,  religious  fervor,  or  rivalries 
among  officers.  On  October  7,  seventeen  cavalrymen,  always  disliked 
by  the  infantry,  were  caught  stealing  corn.  As  the  culprits  were  being 
led  past  Hoke's  brigade  they  were  met  by  cries  of  "Here's  the  mill 
to  grind  your  corn — bring  it  on."  One  of  the  cavali7men  answered  , 
by  asking  Hoke's  men  "where  were  the  chickens  they  stole  last  night."  ^ 

Early  in  October  Generals   Lee,   Hill,  Ewell,   and  Early   met   on  [  ib 
Clark's  Mountain.  It  was  a  day  of  fine  autumn  weather,  the  air  was 
"bracing."  The  generals  discussed  a  possible  move  against  the  enemy. 
When  Early  returned  from   the   conference  he  remarked    "w^iave 
never  had  a  battle  in  this  month    (October)    but  we  may  have.'^eter  | 
W.  Hairston  -^^-rote  his  wife: 

The  -(veather  invites  our  Generals  are  willing  and  the  men 
are  anxious.  They  look  with  longing  eyes  upon  the  well  filled 
knapsacks  of  the  enemy  &  say  they  need  blankets  and  do  not 
know  whete  they  will  oet  them  unless  they  take  them  from  die 
Yankees.  \if>' 

The  projected  movement  was  begun  early  on  the  morning  of 
October  9.  Early's  division  was  ordered  to  follo-(\'  the  road  through 


A  Day  of  Nightmare  and  Disbelief  157 

Orange  Court  House.  The  men  -ivaded  the  shalloiv  Rapidan  at  a  ford 
near  the  mouth  of  Roljinson  River,  and  ^vent  into  camp  a  mile  or 
two  beyond.  On  the  10th,  the  division  marched  through  Madison 
Court  House,  crossed  Robinson  River,  and  camped  four  miles  beyond 

I  he  ford  on  the  road  to  Ctdpeper.  The  rapid  march  continued  on  the 

I I  th  to^^•ard  Culpeper.  Hea\7  firing  could  be  heard  toward  the  Rap 
jjahannock.  Stuart  was  having  difficulty  forcing  the  enemy's  cavalry 
back  across  the  Rappaliannock.  The  cohinin  marched  to  within  two 
miles  of  Culpeper  on  the  12th,  but  turned  off  to  the  left  on  the 
Fauquier  Springs  Road  in  an  effort  to^iirn  the  left  flank  of  ^^eade's 
army,  no\\'  racing  to^vard  ^\'arrenton>-^arly  reminisced, 

.  .  .  our  advance  drove  a  body  of  the  enemy's  ca^'alry  from 
the  river  and  crossed  over,  a  portion  of  the  troops,  including  my 
division,  remaining  on  the  south  side.  On  the  13th  we  crossed 
and  proceeded  to  V\'arrenton,  and  ^feade's  army,  ^vhich  \\'as  on 
the  Rappahannock  below,  commeiTc*^l  its  retreat  on  both  sides 
of  the  railroad  towards  ^fanassas.Cj^^ 

The  iveary  men  stopped  at  Warrenton  only  long  enough  to  cook 
two  days's  rations.  Then,  it  was  march  and  march  again.  All  through 
the  day  of  the  14th,  the  men  pushed  on,  sometimes  at  a  double-quick 
step.  The  division  accompanied  the  rest  of  Ewell's  corps  through 
Auburn  and  Greenwich  toward  Bristoe  Station  on  the  Orange  and 
Alexandria  Railroad.  Early  on  the  morning  of  October  14,  Early's 
division  moved  to  relieve  Stuart's  cavalry,  then  constantly  skinnish- 
ing  ^\•hh  the  enemy.  The  enemy  was  encoimtered  in  heavy  force  near 
Auburn.  His  position  was  vei7  strong  along  the  precipitous  eastern 
banks  of  Cedar  Creek,  "where  a  mill  pond  rendered  the  advance 
against  him  very  difficult."  Rodes's  division  fomied  line  of  battle 
to  oppose  the  enemy,  ^vhile  Early  moved  his  division  and  Jones's 
battalion  of  artilleiy  to  the  left.  Early's  object  was  to  cross  the  creek 
above  a  milt^ond  and  cut  off  the  enemy's  route  of  escape  by  getting 
in  his  reai(2^arly  ^\-rote  in  his  Memoirs, 

After  I  had  started  Rodes,  having  been  replaced  by  Johnson, 
moved  to  the  right  to  cross  the  stream  belou".  The  enemy's  in- 
fantry in  the  meantime  had  moved  oft',  leaving  only  a  cavali7 
force  and  some  horse  artiller\'  to  dispute  the  passage,  and  as  I  was 
moving  up  to  attack  this  force  in  the  rear  and  Rodes  \vas  coming 
up  from  the  right,  it  rapidly  made  its  escape  to^vards  the  railroad 
passing  between  us./7T) 

The  column  turned  off  the  road  at  Green^vich  and  marched 
"through  some  famis"  to^vard  Kettle  Run.  Hill's  Third  Army  Corps 
follo^ved  the  direct  road  to  Bristoe.  The  engagement  that  follo^\ed 
was  fought  by  t^vo  brigades  of  Hill's  corps,  Cooke's  and  Kirkland's. 


158  The  Bloody  Sixth 

and  didn't  involve  Early's  division.  Early's  men,  having  a  longer 
distance  to  traverse  than  Hill's,  didn't  come  up  in  time.  Therefore, 
when  Hill  was  repulsed  by  G.  K.  Warren's  Fifth  Army  Corps  at 
Bristoe,  Early's  division,  unable  to  find  the  enemy  on  the  railroad 
west  of  Bristoe,  formed  line  of  battle  facing  east.  Early  sent  a  courier 
to  find  Gordon  "for  the  purpose  of  moving  against  the  force  (War- 
ren's) behind  the  railroad  at  the  station,  according  to  instructions  I 
had  received  from  General  Lee."  Word  came  back  from  Gordon  that 
he  was  opposed  by  a  heavy  force  of  Union  cavalry  in  the  vicinity  of 
Brentsville  and  could  not  "retire  easily."  Since  Gordon's  brigade 
contained  more  than  one-third  of  his  division.  Early  decided  that  he 
was  not  strong  enough  to  advance  against  the  Union's  position  at 
Bristoe  Station.  Another  reason  for  Early's  reluctance  to  advance  was 
the  nature  of  the  giound  between  his  troops  and  the  Union  lines,  "a 
very  dense  thicket  of  young  pines  intervening."  Darkness  finally  put 
a  stop  to  further  operations.  At  dawn  on  the  morning  of  the  15th, 
Early  advanced  to  find  that  the  enemy  had  made  good  his  escape 
during  the  night.  He  then  halted  his  division  and  moved  a  single 
regiment  forT\'ard  to  the  old  Manassas  battlefield  to  reconnoitre.  A 
few  of  the  enemy,  mostly  stragglers,  i\ere  captured  along  the  way. 
When  he  arrived  at  Manassas,  six  miles  east  of  Bristoe,  Early  found 
the  enemy  dra^vn  up  in  line  of  battle  acioss  Bull  Run  in  the  vicinity 
of  Centreville,  apposition  too  strong  for  the  limited  forces  at  his  dis- 
posal to  attack.C^B^ 

The  follo^ving  days  were  spent  in  tearing  up  the  Orange  and 
Alexandria  Railroad  from  Cub  Run  Suspension  Bridge,  east  of  Ma- 
nassas through  Bristoe  and  Wanenton,  to  Rappahannock  Station  on 
the  east  side  of  the  Rappahannock  River.  The  railroad  bridge  over 
the  Rappahannock  had  been  destroyed  by  the  enemy  in  his  retreat. 
The  cross  ties  ^vere  binned  and  the  rails  were  bent  by  heating  them 
and  twisting  them  around  nearby  trees,  a  standard  procedure  in 
both  the  Union  and  Confederate^Vrmies  when  they  ivished  to  hamper 
the  movements  of  an  adversary.C^ 

By  October  18,  Early's  division  ^\as  l^fk  across  the  Rappahan- 
nock in  camp  just  east  of  Brandy  StationM'Vhile  the  men  were  here 
General  Hoke,  still  campaigning  against  deserters  and  other  disaf- 
fected parties  in  western  North  Carolina,  made  efforts  to  procure 
suits  for  his  ragged  brigade.  Hoke  was  concerned  about  this  aspect 
of  equipping  his  men  since  "CofrXiodwin  (who  is  in  command  of  my 
Brigade)  will  not  think  of  it.'t^oke's  actions  were  unknown  to  his 
men,  who  were  busily  engaged  in  picketing  the  Rappahannockj^^ill- 
ing  and  standing  muster  inspections  as  October  drew  to  a  closs^^n 
October  22,  Lieutenant  Thomas  Grier,  acting  ordnance  officer  of 
Hoke's  brigade,  supplied  the  Sixth  Regiment  with    1,000  rounds  of 


A  Day  of  Nightmare  and  Disbelief  159 

fifty-eight   calibre   ammunition   and   one   ammunition   box,   a   bitter 
portent  of  things  to  come.(^ 

At  the  end  of  October,  Peter  Hairston,  still  acting  as  a  special  aide 
to  the  eccentric  and  business-like  General  Early,  wrote  his  wife:  "We 
are  all  quiet  here.  .  .  >l<As  if  to  support  his  own  assertion  that  every- 
thing was  "quiet  here,"  Hairston  assisted  General  Early  in  making  a 
bedstead  on  November  3.  The  general  called  the  finished  product  this 
"patent  night  cottage  bed-stead  and  says  whenever  I  go  to  pufcliase 
another  one  to  remember  the  days  when  we  made  this  one.'^-¥v^hile 
Early  was  making  the  bedstead,  the  men  in  the  Sixth  were  receiving 
long-delayed  issues  of  clothin&and  other  equipment,  probably  through 
the  efforts  of  General  HokeP<jn  November  6,  the  men  were  finally 
paid.  War  then  became  the  farthest  thing  from  their  minds. 

The  military  arrangements  which  were  in  effect  along  the  line  of 
the  Rappahannock  were  makeshift  and  crude.  Time  would  tell  that 
they  A\'ere  sadly  ineffectual.  Rodes's  division  of  Ewell's  corps  was 
j^laced  in  a  position  covering  Kelly's  Ford;  Edward  Johnson's  division 
\\as  placed  in  a  position  to  the  left  of  Rodes  to  support  either  the 
latter  or  Early.  Early's  division  was  placed  in  position  to  protect  the 
important  Confederate  pontoon  bridge  over  the  Rappahannock  at 
Rappahannock  Station.  Hill's  corps  was  placed  along  the  line  of  the 
Rappahannock  to  the  left  of  Early.  The  tete^de-ponf  on  the  river 
at  Rappahannock  Station  ^\-as  occupied  by  a  single  brigade  from 
Early's  and  Johnson's  divisions  that  was  alternatively  relieved  by 
another  brigade  each  day.  The  infantry  was  supported  by  a  battery  of 
artillery  from  the  Second  Amiy  Corjas.  Wagon  trains  from  the  Second 
C^orps  Avere  sent  into  the  country  north  of  the  river  to  collect  railroad 
iron,  badly  needed  in  the  South.  These  parties,  protected  by  infantry 
detachments,  foraged  through  the  devastated  countryside  as  far  north 
as  Bealton,  always  certain  of  a  ready  sanctuary  on  the  south  side  of 
the  RappahannockCiA  close  study  of  these  -(s-orks  along  the  Rappa- 
hannock is  necessary. 

The  Confederate  infantry  occupied  a  line  of  earthworks  north  of 
the  river  that  were,  in  Early's  ^vords,  "ven'  inadequate."  They  con- 
sisted of  a  rifle  trench  on  the  right  of  the  line  that  circled  aroimd 
to  the  river;  and  an  enclosed  redoubt,  that  had  been  constructed  by 
the  Union  forces  for  use  against  a  force  that  approached  from  the 
soiitli  side  of  the  river.  To  the  north  of  these  -svorks  was  a  short  rifle 
trench;  then,  an  open-face  work,  its  rear  open  to  the  river,  "the  curtain 
and  flanks  of  -ivhich  were  pierced  with  four  embrasures  near  the 
angles,  and  with  such  nanoAv  splays  as  to  admit  of  a  veiy  limited  fire."(^^ 
Early  continued  the  description: 

It    (the  open-face   fort)    had  been   originally  a  lunette   con- 
structed by  our  troops,  and  the  enemy  had  cut  off  the  angle  and 


160  The  Bloody  Si.viii 

filled  up  the  ditches  and  constructed  an  epaulement,  which 
operated  as  a  curtain,  connecting  the  two  flanks,  and  was  so 
arranged  as  to  place  guns  en  barbette  on  the  side  opposite  to  the 
river,  and  a  trench  was  made  on  the  side  next  to  the  river  which 
prevented  gims  from  being  mounted  en  barbette  on  that  side. 
The  consequence  was  that  it  ^ras  of  very  little  value,  as  the  guns 
placed  in  the  embrasmes  had  vei-y  limited  range,  leaving  dead 
angles  at  some  of  the  most  important  points. (^) 

Beyond  the  open-faced  fort  a  rifle  trench  stretched  along  the  slope  of 
the  ridge  beside  the  river,  and  extended  through  some  woods  along 
the  river  bank.  The  rifle  trench  was  next  to  the  pontoon  bridge,  in 
full  view  of  and  commanded  by  it.  Early  felt  that  "the  enemy  coming 
up  to  the  trench  could  command  the  bridge  and  make  use  of  the 
embankment  as  a  protection."  The  rifle  trench  ■ivas,  for  most  of  its 
length,  so  far  down  the  slope  toward  the  river  that  the  enemy  could 
get  close  to  the  Confederate  defenders  before  they  were  discovered. 
There  was  no  protective  ditch  on  the  outside  of  the  trench.  To  the 
right  was  the  railroad  embankment  of  the  Orange  and  Alexandria 
Railroad.  Its  steep  slopes  provided  ample  cover  for  the  approach  of  an 
attacking  force.  A  road  had  been  cut  through  the  lailroad  embank- 
ment, forming  a  ravine  that  woidd  protect  an  enemy  who  had  taken 
the  works  to  the  right  of  the  embankment.  To  partially  remedy  this 
defect,  artillei7  positions  had  been  constrticted  south  of  the  river,  but 
these  were  left  unoccupied  in  early  November,  1863.  To  compound 
the  difficulties  faced  by  a  defending  force,  a  dam  had  been  constructed 
below  the  works,  making  the  river  too  deep  for  fording  at  the  point 
of  defense.  A  single  pontoon  bridge  "afforded  the  only  means  of  com- 
munication witlCjthe  southern  bank  and  the  only  avenue  of  escape  in 
case  of  danger.'^-Early  criticized  the  position  in  strong  language: 

I  am  thus  particular  in  describing  the  character  of  these 
works,  in  order  that  the  difficulties  imder  which  a  part  of  my 
command  labored  in  the  strait  to  which  it  \\as  subsequently  re- 
duced may  be  appreciated.  I  had  myself  pointed  out  some  of  the 
defects  of  the  works  to  the  engineers  having  charge  of  them,  and 
I  had  urged  the  necessity  of  having  another  bridge  farther  up 
the  stream. 

The  fact  is,  in  my  opinion,  the  position  was  susceptible  of 
being  made  very  strong,  but  in  order  to  enable  a  small  force  to 
hold  it  against  a  large  attacking  force,  the  works  ought  to  have 
been  entirely  inclosed  and  with  a  deep  ditch  on  the  outside,  so 
that  an  attacking  column  could  have  had  its  progress  checked; 
but  the  works  were  so  constructed  as  to  afford  no  obstacle  in 
themselves  to  an  attacking  enemy,  and  only  furnished  a  temporary 
protection  to  our  troops.  An  attacking  force  could  walk  over  the 
rifle  trenches  without  difficultv,  and  even  the  works  in  ^\'hich  the 


A  Day  of  Nightmare  and  Disbelief  161 

guns    weix   posted    could    be    readily    passed    over    \\hen    once 
reached /s^ 

To  the  south,  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  river,  two  hills  com- 
manded the  northern  bank.  One  was  cro\vned  with  a  redoubt  con- 
structed by  the  Union  forces.  This  fort  had  been  turned  in  the  opposite 
direction.  The  other  hill  ^\as  crowned  by  "sunken  pits"  for  artillery. 
Graham's  artillery  batten'  ^vas  placed  on  the  first  hill,  while  Dance's 
battei-y  was  placed  on  the  second.  Both  of  these  units  belonged  to 
Brown's  artillery  battalion.  Two  pits  for  artillen'  had  been  con- 
structed on  the  river  plain  to  the  right  of  the  raihoad  embankment. 
These  had  been  built  for  guns  "for  the  purpose  of  enfilading  the  ^2^, 
east  side  of  the  railroad  embankment  on  the  north  of  the  river."  — 
Early  felt  that  the  defense  of  this  position  had  not  been  entirely 
entrusted  to  him.  He  felt  that  he  had  merely  been  called  upon  to 
furnish  a  detail  for  "picket  duty."  This  he  had  done,  his  men  alter- 
nating with  the  other  divisions  of  the  Second  Corps,  "and  latterly  with 
Johnson's  only."(£^ 

Early  on  the  morning  of  November  6,  Harry  T.  Hays's  Louisiana 
brigade  marched  to  the  Rappahannock  from  its  camp  near  Brandy 
Station.  The  men  filed  into  the  trenches  on  the  north  side  of  the 
river  near  the  point  where  the  raih^oad  crossed  the  stream.  As  Hays's 
men  moved  into  position,  Walker's  brigade  of  Johnson's  division 
moved  back  across  the  river;  their  period  of  "picket  duty"  was  over. 
Hays  did  not  accompany  fiis  men,  who  ivere  under  the  temporary 
command  of  Colonel  D.  B.  Penn  of  the  Seventh  Louisiana  Infnnti7, 
since  he  ^vas  busily  engaged  in  conducting  a  coiut-martial  "in  the  case 
of  Colonel  Skinner,  Fifty-second  Virginia  Regiment."^ 

Hays's  men  were  placed  in  the  earthworks  with  the  Sixth  Louisiana, 
Colonel  William  Monaghan,  commanding,  on  the  extreme  right  and 
about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  in  advance  of  the  fortifications.  The  Ninth 
Louisiana,  Colonel  William  R.  Peck,  commanding,  ^vas  held  in  the 
works  as  a  reserve.  The  Eighth  Louisiana,  Captain  Gusman,  com- 
manding, Avas  placed  in  the  center  of  the  line,  a  quarter  of  a  mile 
from  the  river,  \\'ith  Colonel  T.  M.  Terry's  Seventh  Louisiana  on  the 
extreme  left.  The  remaining  regiment  of  the  brigade.  Captain  J.  G. 
.Ingell's  Fifth  Louisiana,  i\as  placed  on  the  southern  side  of  the 
river,  on  a  picket  line  midway  betiveen  Norman's  Ford  and  Ivappa- 
hannock  Bridge.  Angell's  men  were  located  half  a  mile  from  the 
bridgehead.  The  four  pieces  of  artillery  in  the  line  belonged  to 
Green's  battery  of  artillery.  T^vo  of  these  were  placed  in  the  space 
bet^veen  the  Sixth  and  Ninth  Louisiana  Regiments.  The  remaining 
two  pieces  of  artilleiy  were  placed  in  the  center  of  the  line  held  by 
the  Ninth  Louisiana.  All  foui-_guns  were  placed,  therefore,  to  the 
right  of  the  Confederate  line./jT) 


162  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Throughout  the  6th  the  enemy's  skirmishers  were  seen  "in  advance 
of  the  woods  bordering  the  open  field."  Although  these  men  were 
only  a  mile  away  from  the  bridgehead,  there  was  no  firing  between 
the  pickets  of  the  two  amiies.(^ 

The  Union  high  command  was  determined  to  secure  the  bridge- 
head at  Rappahannock  Station  and  force  Lee's  army  to  withdraw 
back  across  the  Rapidan,  which  was  not  as  difficult  a  stream  to  cross 
as  the  Rappahannock.  Confederates  along  the  upper  Rappahannock 
constituted  a  continuous  threat  to  the  security  of  Washington  and  the 
North  since  they  had  easy  access  to  the  lower  Shenandoah  Valley 
and  because  the  fogds  over  the  upper  Rappahannock  were  difficult 
to  guard  effectivelyvOrders  were  issued  on  the  morning  of  November 
6,  directing  the  Sixth  and  Fifth  Amiy  Corps  imder  Alajor  General 
John  Sedgwick  and  General  George  Sykes,  respectively,  to 

.  .  .  move  at  early  daylight  tomorrow,  and  take  position  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  the  left  resting  upon  the  railroad,  the 
right  toward  Beverly  Ford.  The  [Sixth]  corps  will  move  by  way 
of  Fayetteville,  and  so  contract  its  march  as  not  to  interfere  with 
the  route  of  the  Fifth  Corps. 

The  Fifth  Corps  .  .  .  will  move  at  early  daylight  and  take 
position  on  the  left  of  the  Sixth  Corps;  it  ■will  move  by  way  of 
Germantown  and  Bealeton,  and  will  leave  the  route  along-  the 
Warrenton  Branch  Railroad  clear  for  the  Second  Corps.  ^^ 

Other  sections  of  the  circular  directed  the  First,  Second,  and  Third 
Corps  to  move  against  Kelly's  Ford  under  the  command  of  Major 
General  French.  General  John  Buford's  cavahy  division  would 
operate  on  the  right  flank  of  the  amiy,  cross  the  Rappahannock  on 
one  of  the  upper  fords,  and  "force  the  passage  of  Hazel  River  at  j 
Rixeyville."  Buford  was  to  co-operate  witti  General  Sedgivick  in  the  i 
advance  against  Rappahannock  Station.  (2^ 

The  Union  corps  were  instructed  to  travel  light.  Only  forty 
roimds  of  ammunition  were  to  be  issiied_^o  the  men.  Most  of  the 
wagon  trains  were  to  be  left  in  the  reai'.  ^^ 

As  they  prepared  to  move  against  the  Confederate  redoubt  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  the  Union  officers  knew  that  their  task  would 
be  a  difficidt  one.  One  paragraph  in  the  orders  issued  to  General 
Sedwick  reveals  their  anxiety: 

The  contingency  should  be  hekl  in  vie^v  of  your  being  with- 
drawn from  Rappahannock  Station  and  thrown  across  at  Kelly's 
Ford,  in  the  event  of  your  not  being  able  to  cUsJodge  the  enemy 
from  his  position  at  Rappahannock  Station.  C^ 

Sedgwick  was  infonned   that   "The   duty   devolving  upon   you   is   to 
drive  the  enemy  from  his  positions  there  on  this  and  the  other  side 


A  Dav  of  Nightmare  and  Disbelief  163 

of  the  river."   The  attack  was  to  be  made  vigorously  and   in  great 
force.  It  ivas  evident,  from  a  close  study  of  the  Union  orders,  that  the^_^ 
key  position  to  be  taken  ^vas  the  redoubt  at  Rappahannock  Station.*^^ 

Brigadier  General  David  A.  Russell's  First  Division  of  the  Sixth 
Corps,  selected  to  make  the  assault  upon  the  Rappahannock  bridge- 
head, broke  camp  near  Warrenton  at  daybreak  on  November  7,  and 
marched  rapidly  toward  Rappahannock  Station  on  the  Fayetteville 
Road.  At  10:00  A.  M.  the  command  reached  Fayetteville  ivhere  most 
of  the  Forty-ninth  Pennsylvania  Infantry  was  thrown  out  as  skir- 
mishers and  flankers.  ■Moving  forward  again  the  entire  division 
reached  a  heavy  ^voods  in  the  vicinity  of  Rappahannock  Station  at 
12:00  noon.  The  woods  where  the  division  fomied  line  of  battle  ran 
parallel  to  the  river  at  a  distance  of  one  and  a  quarter  miles.  The  left 
of  Russell's  line  of  battle  rested  on  the  Orange  and  Alexandria  Rail- 
road, the  ri^ht  connected  with  the  Second  Division  of  the  Sixth 
Corps.  The  brigade  alignments  were — Third  Brigade  on^idie  left. 
Second  Brigade  in  the  center,  and  First  Brigade  on  the  rights^ussell's 
description  of  the  scene  in  front  of  him  is  interesting  for  t^vo  reasons: 
(1)  it  described  the  Confederate  works  in  an  accurate  manner;  (2) 
it  greatly  overestimated  the  Confederate  force  in   those  ^vorks. 

The  eneni)  ivere  found  in  strong  force  upon  the  northern 
side  of  the  river,  and  were  strongly  intrenched  behind  extensive 
and  carefully  constructed  rifle-pits,  which  ran  along  the  river 
bank  for  nearly  2  miles.  To  the  right  of  the  enemy's  center,  and 
distant  from  the  railway  about  1,000  yards,  ^vas  a  formidaisle 
earthern  redoubt.  To  the  right  of  this  redoubt,  and  some  200 
yards  distant,  was  another  fort  or  redoubt  of  earth,  and  both  of 
these  works  mounted  several  pieces  of  artillery.  The  rebel  skir- 
mishers -were  thrown  out  some  three-quarters  of  a  mile  to  the 
front  of  their  position.  |^ 

.A.t  2:30  P.  M.  the  order  for  the  Union  skirmishei-s  to  advance  was 
given.  The  Confederates  were  driven  back  into  their  rifle  pits,  ^\'hile 
the  infantry  was  already  deeply  committed,  the  Union  artillery, 
elements  of  Waterman's  and  Martin's  batteries  located  on  a  hill  three- 
quarters  of  a  mile  from  the  Confederate  position,  opened  a  destiaic- 
tive  fire.  At  sundown,  Russell,  after  carefully  reconnoitering  the  Con- 
federate position,  ga\e  the  order  for  his  force  to  advance. (W) 

^Vhen  Russell's  line  of  battle  had  been  moved  for^vard  slightly, 
the  Fifth  Louisiana,  ^\ith  the  exception  of  "one  company  and  16  men, 
left  on  picket  on  this  side  of  the  river,"  were  moved  across  the  river 
to  reinforce  the  remainder  of  Hays's  brigade.  The  Fifth  was  placed 
in  position  on  the  right  of  the  Seventh  Louisiana.  As  the  L^nion  line 
advanced,  Hays's  Sixth,  Eighth,  Fifth  and  Seventh  Louisiana  Regi- 
ments were  gradually  ^\-ithdra-svn  into  the  earthworks.  At  3:00  P.  M. 


164  The  Bloody  Sixth 

the  Confederate  skirmishers  were  ordered  to  fall  back  to  a  road  about 
100  yards  in  advance  of  the  rifle  pits.  They  remained  there  for  half 
an  hour  and  were  then  "compelled  to  retire"  into  the  works  by  a 
sudden  effort  of  the  enemy  to  flank  them.  When  the  Union  ai-tillery 
began  to  bombard  his  position,  Colonel  Penn  ordered  the  Confederate 
artillery  on  the  south  side  of  the  river  to  open  fire.  This  was  done 
slowly  and  with  poor  effect.  Notified  that  his  command  was  under 
attack,  General  Hays  anived  on  the  field  at  4:00  P.M.  and  took 
command  of  his  brigade.(if5^ 

When  Early  heard  of  the  attack  he  hurried  to  the  south  bank  of 
the  river,  opposite  the  bridgehead  occupied  by  his  troops.  When  he 
saw  the  danger  of  the  threatened  Union  assault,  he  ordered  the 
remainder  of  the  division  to  follow.  Early  explained  his  action  later: 

...  I  regarded  my  brigade  in  danger,  and  I  doubted  not  I 
was  but  anticipating  the  order  ivhich  would  have  been  given  as 
soon  as  the  facts  reached  General  Lee  and  Lieutenant-General 
Ewell.  I  carried  no  artillery  with  me  because  none  was  at  my 
disposal  (jfjy 

At  2:30  the  "Long  Roll"  was  beaten  in  the  camp  of  Hoke's  brigade 
near  Brandy  Station.  Eveiy  man  who  was  fit  for  duty  was  called  in. 
An  observer  summed  up  the  feelings  of  the  brigade  when  he  ^\rote, 
"we  knew  not  why,  as  we  had  no  artillery,  the  day  being  quite  \\'indy, 
and  our  camp  being  about  six  miles  from  the  river."  Early's  entire 
division  Mas  moved  forward  at  a  dotible-quick.  ^Vhen  the  head  of  the 
colinnn  reached  the  river  opposite  the  bridgehead,  Hoke's  brigade, 
under  Colonel  God^s^in,  was  ordered  across.  The  men  were  placed  in 
the  rifle  pits  to  the  left  of  Hays's  brigade.  This  movement  was  per- 
fonned  under  the  fire  of  the  enemy's  artillery  and  skirmishers.  Some 
men  fell,  among  them  Lieutenant  Cornelius  Mebane  of  the  Sixth 
North  Carolina  who  was  badly  wounded.  (^^ 

Godwin's  men  were  placed  in  line  Tvith  the  Fifty-seventh  North 
Carolina  on  the  right,  the  Fifty-fourth  North  Carolina  on  the  left, 
and  the  Sixth  in  the  center.  The  fighting  became  heavy  as  the  men 
opened  fire  on  the  enemy's  skimiishers.  As  night  approached  the 
enemy  assaulted  the  Confederate  position  in  three  lines.  Hays's  men 
fought  "with  great  desperation."  The  enemy's  first  line  was  cut  to 
pieces  and  scattered.  Soon  the  enemy  advanced  again,  reinforced  by 
his  second  and  third  lines.  The  Union  forces  moved  forward  rapidly, 
but  quietly,  their  anns  at  a  trail.  A  colinnn  moving  along  the  railroad 
attacked  Hays's  right,  driving  it  back  from  the  redoubts  on  the  right  of 
the  Confederate  line.  Hays  immediately  ordered  the  Ninth  Louisiana 
to  charge  and  retake  the  two  gims  captiu'ed  by  the  enemy;  "but  our 
center  having  been  broken  and  the  two  forces  opposed  to  our  right 
and   center   having  joined,   rendered    the   execution   of  my    purpose 


A  Day  of  Nightmare  and  Disbelief  165 

impracticable."  The  enemy  formed  a  new  line,  facing  up  the  river, 
and  assaulted  the  Confederate  left.  This  attack  sunounded  Hoke's 
brigade  and  the  Seventh  and  Fifth  Louisiana  Regiments  and  cut  ofE 
their  line  of  escape.  Hays's  men  fought  desperately  and  only  yielded 
after  the  enemy  hadjent  their  line  in  uvo  and  gained  complete 
possession  of  the  workL^-^ccording  to  Hays, 

.  .  .  there  \\as  no  effort  made  by  any  one  in  ni)-  command  to 
recross  the  river  until  nothing  else  remained  but  to  stmender. 
Many  then  escaped  by  s^vimming  or  fording  the  river,  and  some 
ie\\'  on  the  pontoon  bridge/J^ 

Surrounded,  ^^•ith  little  hope  of  escape,  the  Sixth  North  Carolina, 
together  ivith  the  other  two  regiments  of  Hoke's  brigade,  fought  on 
under  the  inspired  leadership  of  Colonel  Godwin.  Their  only  chance 
o£  escape  lay  through  the  enemy's  line  or  by  swimming  the  river. 
God-^vin,  determined  on  an  obstinate  resistance,  quickly  fonned  a 
line  perpendicular  to  the  rifle  pits.  The  Sixth  and  Fifty-seventh  Regi- 
ments then  charged  the  enemy  in  an  effort  to  open  the  \\-ay  to  the 
pontoon  bridge,  but  were  driven  back  with  some  loss.  God-win  then 
made  three  further  attempts  to  refonn  his  line,  but  -(vas  unsuccessful. 
When  his  line  was  broken  in  several  places  Godwin  fell  back  to  the 
edge  of  the  river  with  seventy-five  men,  still  returning  the,,^emy's 
fire,  "and  refused  to  surrender  until  fighting  was  useless. "^-oodwin 
rallied  his  small  command  in  the  darkness,  determined  to  resist  to 
the  last.  Someone  cried  out  "Col.  Godwin  says  surrender."  Godwin 
promptly  replied  that  "it  was  a  d-d  lie  &  if  he  repeated  it  he  would 
kill  him  yet  before  the  Yankees  get  you."  The  saJJant  colonel  was 
soon  forced  to  yield  with  his  sword  in  his  hands.C^f^ 

Lieutenant  Colonel  Hamilton  Jones,  Jr.  of  the  Fifty-seventh  North 
Carolina  acted  ^\ith  great  gallantry  in  the  last  moments  of  the  defense. 
Jones  took  his  regiment's  colors  from  the  color  sergeant  and  \\'alked 
back  and  forth  along  his  line,  exposing  himself  to  the  enemy's  artil- 

len'  fire.  When  escape  became  necessary  he  attempted  to  swim  the ^^ 

river  but  ^vas  forced  to  retiu-n  because  of  the  coldness  of  the  water,  (it^ 

Colonel  God^\'in  ordered  his  men  to  escape  when  all  resistance 
proved  to  be  useless.  Lieutenant  Colonel  Tate,  with  a  few  men  from 
the  Sixth  North  Carolina,  ran  across  the  pontoon  bridge  under  a 
hail  of  bullets  and  reached  the  end  of  it  jtist  before  it  was  fired  by 
the  Confederates.  Captains  McPherson  and  Ray,  and  Lieutenant 
Mebane  of  the  Sixth  escaped  in  the  same  manner.  Others  Avho  escaped 
were  Captain  Adams  of  Colonel  God^\in's  staff;  Lieutenants  Williams, 
Smith  and  Fitzgerald  of  the  Fiftv-fourth  Regiment;  and  Lieutenant 
Bro^\'n  of  i,hg;  Sixth.  Lieiuenant  Bro^vn  swam  the  river  along  ivith  a 


few  others.H?eneral  Hays,  on  horseback,  -jvas  siuToimded  and  forced 
to  surrender.  But,   because  he  had  his  sword  drawn  and  could  not 


166  The  Bloody  Sixth 

control  his  horse  while  he  replaced  it  in  its  sheath,  the  frightened 
animal  plunged  forward  through  the  enemy's  line.  Riding  rapidly 
across  the  gauntlet  of  the  pontoon  bridge,  Hays  escaped  uninjured. 
Many  were  killed  and  wounded  both  on  the  bridge  and  in  the  river. 
According  to  alLxoatemporai-y  accounts  the  position  became  a  veri- 
table death  trap(^^^ 

The  Sixth  Regiment  suffered  terribly  at  Rappahannock  Bridge. 
Three  men  were  killed,  1  officer  and  12  men  were  wounded,  and  21 
officers  and  286  men  were  captured  for  a  total  loss  of  323.  The  total 
loss  in  Hoke's  brigade  was  928 — almost  the  entire  hngade!  Hays's 
brigade  suffered  a  total  loss  of  702  officers  and  men.^i-^ 

Although  the  Sixth  Regiment  would  continue  as  an  active  imit 
for  the  remainder  of  the  ^\■ar,  it  would  never  be  the  same  fighting 
unit.  Colonel  Webb  ivas  sent  to  Johnson's  Island,  Ohio,  where  he 
arrived  on  November  1 1 .  He  was  held  for  the  rest  of  the  war,  being^ 
released  on  July  25,  1865  after  taking  the  oath  of  parole  on  July  6.^ 
Captains  Abraham  H.  Miller  and  William  K.  Parrish  were  both 
captured.  Parrish  was  held  at  Jebnson's  Island  and  Point  Lookout 
and  released  on  June  12,  >&()5.  TTietitenant  Colonel  Tate  had  been 
wounded,  but  had  escapedS-Captain  Jeremiah  A.  Lea  of  Company  H 
was  captured  and  sent  to  Johnson's  Island  with  Captain  Wyatt  B. 
Allen,  Lieutenant  George  N.  Albright,  and  First  Lieutenant  Hem^ 
C.  Dixon.  All  these  officers  were  held  by  the  Union  forces  until 
the  end  of  the  war.  Both  Captain  Allen  and  Lieutenant  Albright 
were  transfeiTed  to  Fort  Delaware,  Nej^Jersey  in  February,  1864, 
and  released  from  that  place  in  1865S-T%ajutant  Cornelius  Mebane 
was  severely  i\'oimded  in  the  right  foreami  and  side.  His  wounds 
forced  him  to  soon  take  a  sixty-day  Jeave  to  his  home  in  Mebanesville, 
Alamance  County,  North  CarolinaPCaptain  Willie  G.  Guess  of  Com- 
pany C  was  captured^and  sent  to  Johnson's  Island  where  he  was  held 
until  June  13,^B65C-Captain  James  Calder  Tinner  of  Salisbury  was 
also  captured. 'nColonel  Godwin,  commanding  the  brigade,  was  cap- 
tured, sent  to  Johnson's  Island,  and  exchanged  in  the  spring  of  1864(^1 

The  lot  of  the  enlisted  men  ^vas  especially  hard.  On  the  morning 
of  the  8th,  they  \vere  marched  back  to  Warrenton  Junction,  placed 
on  trains,  and  moved  to  Washington  City.  After  reaching  Washington 
the  men  rested  under  guard  until  3:00  P.M.  when  they  were  marched 
down  to  the  Potomac  docks  and  placed  on  the  steamer  "John  Brooks" 
for  the  trip  do\\n  river  to  Point  Lookout  Prison  Camp,  near  St.  Mary's 
City,  Mai^lancLJhey  were  disembarked  at  that  uninviting  place  on 
November  10.(25^ 

The  affair  at  Rappahannock  Bridge,  which  so  completely  altered 
the  future  of  the  Sixth  North  Carolina,  was  a  complete  surprise  to 
the  Confederate  leaders.  Early,  while  not  finding  fault  with  the 
conduct  of  his  men  who  "remained   at   their  posts  and   fought   the 


A  Day  of  Nightmare  and  Disbelief  167 

enemy  until  overpo^vered,"   accurately  blamed  other  factors   for   the 
defeat: 

The  immediate  causes  of  the  disaster  were  the  weakness  of 
the  position  owing  to  the  defective  engineering,  the  want  of 
sufficient  bridges,  the  want  of  sufficient  artillery  in  suitable  posi- 
tions on  the  south  bank  of  the  river,  and  the  superior  force  of 
the  enemy,  which  consisted  of  two  army  corps  under  Sedgwick, 
as  since  ascertained,  the  attack  of  the  enemy  being  favored  by  the 
darkness  and  the  hish  wind.^Oxc) 


After  pointing  out  that  his  two  brigades  ^vere  all  that  were  sent 
into  the  action,  he  indirectly  criticized  General  Lee,  ^vho  with  Early 
had  observed  the  action  from  the  south  bank  of  the  river: 

...  I  must  candidly  confess  that  I  did  concur  in  the  opinion 
of  the  commanding  general  that  the  enemy  did  not  have  enter- 
prise enough  to  attempt  any  serious  attack  after  dark,  as  such 
attacks  are  so  foreign  to  his  usual  policy,  and  I  therefore  was 
inclined  to  believe  that  the  position  would  be  safe  until  morning, 
though  I  felt  diere  would  be  vei7  great  danger  in  a  night  attack 
if  vigorously  made.  A  different  estimate,  however,  of  the  enemy's 
enterprise  would  have  had  no  effect,  as  I  had  no  discretion  about 
^\•ithdrawing  the  troops,  and,  in  fact,  they  could  not  have  been 
withdrawn  with  safety  after  the  enemy  had  gained  their  immedi- 
ate iront(j^ 

General  Ewell  had  no  opinion  to  express.    He  bluntly  wrote, 

I  received  information  that  the  enemy  was  moving  on  Kelly's 
Ford  in  force,  and  had  turned  my  whole  attention  to  that  point, 
toward  which  two  divisions  were  moving,  knowing  that  both  the 
general  commanding  and  Major-General  Early  -ivere  at  the  tete- 
de-pont,  and  as  I  heard  no  report  jjf  artillei-y  or  other  indications 
of  an  attack,  I  did  not  visit  it.  ^^> 

General  Lee  called  for  an  official  report  of  the  action,  and  blamed 
the  Confederate  defeat  on  "a  strong  wind  (which)  effectually  pre- 
vented any  movement  from  being  heard,"  the  darkness  of  the  night, 
and  "the  fear  of  injuring  oi*t  own  men    (-(vith  Confederate  artillei^ 

fire)   who  had  surrendered. "^^ne  topography  of  the  area  north  of  the^ 

Rappahannock  also  had  been  favorable  to  the  advancing  Union  iorces.Qj^^ 
There    was    great    sadness    throughout    the    array    over    the    defeat. 
Chaplain  John   Paris   of   the   Fifty-foiuth   North   Carolina   Regiment 
wrote. 

This  is  a  serious  disaster,  so  far  as  om-  feelings  are  concerned, 
but  it  does  not  shake  our  hopes  as  to  success.  (2f^ 


168  The  Blood v  Sixth 

General  Early  was  so  disturbed  over  the  loss^Ti^his  two  brigades 
that  he  was  ill  for  two  or  three  days  afterwards_-^ter  \V.  Hairston 
confided  the  feelings  of  other  men  to  his  diai-y: 

.  .  .  A\hen  we  ^\'ere  dra^vn  up  in  line  of  battle  near  Culpepper 
Genl.  Lee  rode  up  to  him  (General  Hays)  8;  said  "Genl.  this  is 
a  sad  affair,  ho^\'  do  you  feel  to  day."  "I  feel  sir,  as  well  as  a  man 
can  feel  Avho  has  lost  so  many  men."  "Well  (it)  is  all  over  now 
and  can  xiot  be  helped  the  onlv  thing  is  to  try  to  get  even  with 
today."(^^ 

According  to  Hairston,  Lee  did  not  attach  any  of  the  blame  for 
the  disaster  to  the  "officers  or  men  ^\ho  were  in  the  fight,"  bjol  felt 
that  ^vhatever  blame  there  was  he  "must  attach  to  himself."  dsi^ 

In  bold  contrast  to  Confederate  feelings  of  despair  there  was 
jubilation  in  the  Union  camp.  General  Sedg^vick  reported  the  capture 
of  "4  colonels,  3  lieutenant  colonels,  many  other  officers,  and  over 
800  men,  together  with  4  battle-flags."  General  French,  -(vho  led  the 
attack  upas.  Rodes's  division  at  Kelly's  Ford,  captured  over  400 
prisonerC.^S'eneral  Meade  congratulated  Sedgivick  for  his  successful 
assault: 

Your  dispatch  respecting  the  number  and  rank  of  prisioners 
you  have  captured  is  received.  The  major-general  commanding 
is  highly  gratified  at  the  brilliant  manner  in  -ivhich  your  ojjera- 
tions  have  been  commenced.,^^/3p 

No  less  a  personage  than  President  Lincoln  telegraphed  Meade 
on  November  9: 

I  have  seen  your  dispatches  about  operations  on  the  Rappa- 
hannock on  Satin-day,  and  I  wish  to  say,  "Well  done.'(££^ 

General  David  A.  Russell,  whose  division  had  captured  the  position 
at  the  bridgehead,  showered  praise  on  his  men  "for  their  surpassing 
steadiness   and   bravery."     Russell   wrote, 

...  I  desire  to  call  attention,  and  ivoidd  respectfully  ask  that 
permission  be  granted  all  the  regiments  engaged  to  inscribe 
"Rappahannock  Station"  upon  their  banners. ^;^;^ 

The  Second  and  Third  Brigades  of  Russell's  First  Division,  Sixth 
Army  Corps  bore  the  brrmt  of  the  fighting.  The  losses  of  the  Third 
Brigade  were  265;  the  Second  Brigade  lost  63,  for  a  grand  total  of 
328./^pt.a.\  Union  loss  (including  losses  in  French's  left  wing)  was 
419.^Lodes's  loss  at  Kelly's  Ford  \\-zs  5  killed,  59  Avoimded,  and  295 
missing,  presmnably  captured. /;^35y 


A  Day  of  Nighimare  and  Disbelief  169 

The  immediate  result  ol  the  Union  victory-  at  Rappahannock 
Station  was  die  retreat  of  Lee's  army  to  "the  only  tenable  line"  of 
defense  between  Brandy  Station  and  Culpeper.  The  Confederates 
held  this  position  throughout  November  8,  covering  the  withdrawal 
of  their  trains  across  the  Rapidan.  On  the  night  of  the  8th,  the  amry 
began  its  withdra-ival  to  a  favorable  position  on  the  south  bank  of 
the  Rapidaiit_P^ter  \V.  Hairston,  an  aide  to  Early,  described  the 
withdraA\al  in  his  diary: 

Nov.  8.  I  was  up  all  last  night — not  sleeping  a  wink.  About 
3  o'clock  in  the  morning  we  withdrew  our  forces  from  the  Ijattery 
on  this  side  of  the  river  &  retired  our  forces  to  tivo  miles  this  side 
of  Brandy  Station  -ivhere  -ive  found  a  line  of  battle  &  availed  until 
night  for  the  enemy  to  advance.  We  ivithdrew  8:  marched  until 
12  o'clock  at  night  leaving  Culpepper  Co.  Ho.  in  the  night.  There 
was  a  cavalry  skirmish  ■(v'ith  Lane's  brigade  &  that  of  the  enemy. 
We  encamped  for  the  balance  of  the  night  on  the  north  bank  of 
the  Rapidan  near  Summeiville  Ford.  We  were  all  very  sleepy  & 
tired.  Maj.  Hale  Inspector  of  this  division  (Early's)  sat  clown 
by  the  road-side  went  to  sleep  &  woke  up,  found  his  horse  gone^'^ 
&  the  division  left  &  he  did  not  find  his  horse  until  next  morning.'-^ — 

Early's  division  crossed  Siimmerville  Ford  on  the  morning  of  the 
9th  and  went  into  camp  bet^\-een  that  ford  and  Morton's  Ford, 
covering  the  line  of  the  Rapidan  bet^\een  those  points^v£7) 

A  soldier  in  the  Twenty-sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment  explained 
the  withcha-(val  from  the  line  of  the  Rappahannock  to  Governor 
Vance  in  slightly  different  temis: 

About  2  o'clock  Sunday  morning  (November  8)  we  ^\-ere 
hunied  out  of  bed  and  packing  up  everything  took  the  back  track. 
Our  army  was  drawn  up  in  line  of  battle,  the  most  of  Sunday,  be- 
yond Culpepper  C.  H.  but  Mead  Avould  or  did  not  attack.  We 
traveled  most  of  the  night  like  half  a  million  of  men  had  been  in 
pursuit  of  us,  and  reached  the  south  side  of  tlie  Rapidan  on  the 
9th  just  one  month  and  one  day  from  the  time  we  left  it.  AVhat 
have  we  gained  during  these  marches  and  countennarches?  Noth- 
ing so  far  as  I  can  see.  "We  may  have  taken  a  fe^\-  more  prisoners 
than  we  have  lost,  but  many  of  them  -were  stragglers,  men  ^vho 
always  do  more  hann  than  good  on  either  side.  Of  four  fine 
brigades  we  have  had  two  badly  cut  up  and  t-(\-o  almost  annihi- 
lated, ^\-ith  the  loss  of  several  pieces  of  artilleiy  more  than  we  have 
taken.  Our  late  operations  remind  one  very  much  of  two  bovs 
fighting.  We  first  run  the  Yankees  and  they  run  us  back  in  turn. 
Upon  the  whole  I  believe  we  have  been  worsted  by  the  expedition. 
The  men  are  anxious  to  meet  the  enemy  in  a  fair  fight.  In  the  first 
place  we  lost  a  splendid  chance  at  Bristo^v  and  again  it  seems 
if  the  advance  of  the  enemy  had  been   known   in   time  at   the 


170  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Rappahannock  and  proper  measures  adopted  as  to  reinforcements 

&:c.,  we  could  have  cut  the  advancing  masses  to  pieces  and  in-  i 

flicted  a  terrible  loss  upon  them,  to  say  nothing  of  whatjiiight  I 

have  been  the  result  if  a  vigorous  pursuit  had  followed.  {/^P  i] 

After  deploring  the  loss  of  Jackson   (a  usual  custom  in  Confederate 
correspondence  after  Gettysbiu'g) ,  the  ^^•riter  continued:  n 

We  are  now  again  quietly  settled  down  on  the  south  side  of 
the  Rapidan.  Whether  Mead  will  press  forward  and  by  the  Ger-     ; 
manna  and   lower  fords   try  the  Wilderness   about   Chancellors-     | 
ville,  or  go  quietly  into  winter  quarters  about  Culpepper,   be-     ' 
lieving  his  late  slight  successes  will  pacify  his  government  and 
people,  time  will  only  show.  I  only  hope  if  he  do  advance  our 
eyes  may  be  open  in  the  right  place  and  at  the  right  time  and 
that  we  may  severely  piuiish  him   for  his   insolence.   Something 
must  be  wrong  in  the  army  of  Northern  Va.  in  some  way,  ^vhich 
I  sincerely  hope  may  be  remedied  for   the   future.   Such   move- 
ments as  we  have  had  lately,  has,  to  say  the  least,  a  bad  effect 
upon  our  army.^T^y' 

Rappahannock  Station  spelled  the  end  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  as 
it  was  originally  organized  in  April  and  May,  1861.  According  to  a 
report  prepared  by  Captain  Richard  Watson  York,  dien  temporarily 
in  command  of  the  regiment,  on  December  20,  1863  Companies  A, 
B,  and  G  were  neaite.all  captiued.  This  grim  total  included  all  ,  j 
the  company  officerk-^evertheless,  the  Sixth  still  functioned  as  a  [^ 
military  unit,  still  had  much  of  its  original  fighting  spirit  left,  and 
fought  to  the  bitter  end  at  Appomattox  Court  House.  But,  after 
Rappahannock  Station  its  heart  had  been  destroyed — it  was  never 
really  the  same. 


f 


k 
k 
lilt 
k 


XI 


Plymouth: 
A  Badly  Needed  Victory  Under  Hoke 


'■Dear  Father:  With  gratitude  I  seat  myself  this  morning  to 
let  you  knoiu  where  1  am.  We  left  Kinston  the  1-fth  and  came  by 
the  way  of  Goldsboro  ir  Tarboro,  and  marched  to  Plymouth  60 
mile  from  Tarboro  and  attacked  the  enemy  on  Sunday  even- 
ing. .  .  ." 

John  K.  ^Valrer  to  his  father  in 
John  K.  Walker  Papers. 


With  the  capture  of  Colonel  Webb  at  Rappahannock  Station  the 
command  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  fell  upon  the  shoulders  of  its  last 
colonel,  Samuel  McDowell  Tate.  Tate,  the  eldest  son  of  David  and 
Susan  M.  Tate,  was  born  near  Morganton,  Burke  County,  North 
Carolina,  on  September  8,  1830.  At  an  early  age  he  went  to  Phila- 
delphia to  prepare  himself  for  a  life  of  business.  Returning  to 
Morganton  he  became  a  prominent  merchant.  He  journeyed  to  Texas 
in  1855  and  1856  and  invested  heavily  in  real  estate.  Upon  his  return 
to  North  Carolina  he  associated  himself  with  Charles  F.  Fisher  as 
agent  and  "managed  [Fisher's]  .  .  .  large  and  varied  financial  inteiests." 
Young  Tate  was  a  secession-minded  Democrat,  and  when  the  war 
broke  out  he  joined  Fisher's  newly-organized  Sixth  Regiment  as  the 
Captain  of  Company  D.  He  had  played  a  prominent  part  on  evei^ 
battlefield  ^vhere  the  Sixth  fought,  especially  the  field  of  Gettysburg. 
Upon  the  death  of  Colonel  Avei7  in  that  battle  he  was  jaromoted  to 
lieutenant  colonel.  He  became  acting  colonel  in  November,  1863, 
after  Rappahannock  Stationf-T"he  regiment  which  he  came  to  com- 
mand was  badly  ciu  up,  badly  demoralized,  and  almost  without 
clothing.  In  fact,  there  were  so  few  men  left  in  Hoke's  entire  brigade 
that  it  was  placed  under  the  conunand  of  Tate,  the  senior  officer  left 
with  the  command,  and  then  combined  in  a  temporary  brigade  under 
the  general  command  of  General  Hays.  The  total  strength  of  the 
combined  units  numbered  275  men.(y 

171 


172  The  Bloodv  Sixth 

Worried  over  reports  that  his  brigade  had  been  wiped  out,  General 
Hoke  expressed  his  concern  for  the  ^velfare  of  his  men  when  he  wrote, 
"What  is  reliable  concerning  my  brigadept*' 

Hoke  returned  to  Virginia  to  check  on  his  men  on  November  23. 
He  reported  to  Early  that  things  were  working  favorably  for  the 
Confederate  cause  in  North  Carolina  and  then  began  to  discuss  his 
decimated  brigade.  Hoke  planned  to  reorganize  his  men  using  con- 
scripts from  North  Carolina.  Then  he  admitted  that  "those  were 
good  men  whoin  he  lost."  He  remained  with  Early  for  several  days, 
discussing  the  military  situation  in  North  Carolina  and  his  plans  to 
reorganize  his  brigade.  He  returned  to  North  Carolina  onJVovember 
26  to  resume  his  command  in  the  western  part  of  the  state.^ 

Colonel  Tate,  continuing  his  nebulous  command  over  Hoke's 
brigade,  became  dissatisfied  when  General  Early  ordered  the  brigade 
to  camp  with  Hays's  men.  Because  of  his  protests.  Early  relented  and 
allo\\'ed  the  two  units  to  maintain  separate  camps,  although  Hays 
continued  in  actual  command.  & 

November,  1863  was  a  cold  and  wet  month,  typical  in  northern 
Virginia.  Plans  for  a  review  of  Early's  division  had  to  be  postponed 
repeatedly  after  the  21st.  Meanwhile  the  Union  Amry  continued  to 
probe  the  Confederate  positions,  especially  the  area  around  Raccoon 
Ford  where  the  Sixth  was  camped.  On  November  26,  Union  infantry 
crossed  the  river  east  of  the  fortified  Confederate  line  at  Mine  Run, 
but  Avithdrew  after  several  days  of  ineffectual  skimiishing.  The  Sixth 
was  placed  in  Early's  line  along  the  run  in  the  vicinity  of  Rouse's 
Mill,  but  did  little  fighting.  Most  of  the  regimental  "Record  of 
Events"  for  November  and  December,  1863  merely  states,  "Partici- 
pated in  operations  at  Mine  Run  from  27  Nov.  to  2d  Dec.  '63." 
Several  of  the  companies  mention  the  fact  that  a  slight  skinuish  was 
fought.^ 

By  December  3,  the  Sixth  had  returned  to  its  camp  at  Racoon  Ford 
on  the  Rapidan.  The  t^vo  armies  resumed  their  by-now-familiar  posi- 
tions on  opposite  banks  of  the  shallow  streamC' 

Life  in  the  Sixth  Regiment  continued  almost  as  usual  in  spite  of 
the  disaster  at  Rappahannock  Station.  On  November  9,  William  A. 
Lyerly  prepared  to  leave  Salisbury,  North  Carolina  ivith  packages  of 
clothing  and  provisions  for  the  Sixth,  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-seventh 
Regiments.  All  persons  having  supplies  for  the  regiments  were  in- 
structed to  mark  their  boxes  in  a  legible  manner.  The  familiar  request 
to  "bring  nothing  cooked"  was  in^'okecK'^Complaints  -were  still  heard 
among  the  enlisted  men.   John  K.  Walker  wTOte, 

...  I  am  getting  very  tired  of  tliis  war.  It  dont  seem  that  the 
authorities  are  making  any  preparations  for  peace  at  all.  This 
Avar  is  a  fortune  to  some  men,  and  slaves  and  days  to  others,  but 
it  is   to  be  hoped   that   it  Avill   not  ahvays   last.   There   are   fine 


A  Badly  Needed  Victory  Under  Hoke  173 

meetings  and  great  revivals  &  baptisings  out  here,  but  I  am  soiTy 
to  say  that  I  am  not  one  of  the  ninnber^ 

Some  men,  like  Private  John  McDaniel  of  Burke  County,  a  soldier 
in  Company  C,  were  needed  by  their  families — the  beginning  of  a 
trend  ^vhich.  soon  became  dangerous  to  the  Confederacy.  ^fcDaniel's 
family  requested  Governor  Vance  to  obtain  a  transfer  for  him  to  the 
Raleigh  Guards,  a  militia  outfit.  Vance  answered  this  sad  request  for 
the  transfer  of  McDaniel  and  another  soldier,  Private  R.  J.  Cloud,  a 
member  of  Company  A,  Fifty-eighth  North  Carolina  Regiment,  by 
writing, 

The  Gov.  -ivould  be  glad  to  oblige  them  but  has  not  the  po^ver 
to  transfer  them.  Application  must  be  made  to  the  Confederate 
authorities  ^2?^ 

Colonel  Tate  had  other  chores.  He  had  been  slightly  ^vounded  at 
Rappahannock  Station  and  felt  that  a  furlough  home  to  North 
Carolina  ^\•as  in  order.  Before  he  left  in  early  December  he  certified 
that  the  Sixth  Regiment  had  expended  J, 800  cartridges  in  the 
skirmish  at  Mine  Run  in  late  Novemberv-v\nother  chore  involved 
the  giving  of  the  regimental  command  to  Captain  Richard  \Vatson 
York,  Captain  of  Company  I  and  son  of  the  famed  North  Carolina 
evangelist  and  foimder  of  Trinity  College,  Brantley  York.  Captain 
York,  usually  in  l^oor  health,  ^vas  nevertheless  a  keen  obser\er  and  an 
excellent  orator.G^ 

At  the  time  that  York  took  temporaiy  command  over  the  Sixth 
the  men  had  just  returned  from  their  light  engagement  at  Mine  Run. 
The  Sixth  had  suffered  onlv  t^vo  men  slightly  ivounded,  compared  to 
a  total  brigade  loss  of  two  killed  and  eight  woimded.  Everyone  wa.s 
in  relatively  good  spirits.  Meade  was  back  across  the  Rapidan,  pre- 
paring to  assume  his  fomier  position.  The  Sixth  was  in  line  again 
at  Raccoon  Ford  on  the  Rapidan.  The  regiment's  only  visible  con- 
cern was  over  its  losses  at  Rappahannock  Station.  John  K.  'Walker, 
whose  brother  Bill  had  been  captured,  mused:  "I  guess  that  bill  will 
write  soon  if  he  is  not  hurt. "(3^ 

The  men  who  were  captured  at  Rappahannock  Station  -should 
write  soon,  as  soon  as  the  initial  shock  of  being  prisoners  had  passed. 
One  of  the  first  to  break  the  silence  barrier,  common  among  all 
prisoners  in  all  ^vars,  was  Captain  Benjamin  Franklin  White  of  near 
Mebanesville,  Alamance  County.  White  wrote  to  Governor  Vance, 
asking  for  "necessary  clothing."  E^appealed  to  the  "generosity  of  the 
State  to  alleviate  our  condition. '''-The  officers  of  the  Sixth,  held  in 
the  officer's  prison  camp  at  Johnson's  Island  near  Sandusky  City, 
Ohio,  needed  "fifty  round  jackets,  fifty  pairs  pants,  fifty  pairs  shoes, 
one  hundred  pairs  dra^vers,  one  hundred  shirts    (cot.) ,  one  hundred 


174  The  Bloody  Sixth 

woolen  shirts  and  one  himdred  pairs  socks  size  shoes  from  7  to  II. 
Jackets  from  2  1/3  to  5."^Vhite  hoped  that  these  items  coiUd  be  sent 
to  Johnson's  Island  as  quickly  as  possible  since  "the  Federal  authori- 
ties will  take  pleasure  in  delivering  whatever  may  be  sent."  The  need 
might  have  been  urgent,  but  White  had  not  reckoned  with  the  Con- 
federate bureaucracy  at  Raleigh;  and,  thereupon,  Pierce  sent  the 
letter  to  the  Confederate  quartermaster  general's  office  at  Richmond 
with  the  comment, 

These  articles  can  be  furnished   immediately  but   the  order 
must  be  accompanied  by  an  order  from  higher  authority  than  . 
Capt.  White  to  sustain  the  issue  on  my  accounts.  I  ask  instruction. C 

Major  William  B.  B.  Cross,  in  the  quartermaster  general's  office, 
asked  Colonel  Robert  Ould,  Confederate  Agent  of  Exchange,  for  his 
opinion.    Ould  wrote,  on  January  27,  1864, 

They  [the  articles  requested]  had  better  be  sent  as  individual 
contribiuions.  I  am  afraid  the  Federals  ^vill  not  allow  any  other 
kind  to  be  delivered. (7?) 

Then  Ould  returned  the  request  to  Major  Cross,  who  sent  it  back 
to  Major  Pierce  at  Raleigh  with  the  suggestion  that  the  articles  be 
issued  by  the  state  aiuhorities  of  North  Carolina  and  forwarded  as 
donations  "in  view  of  the  endorsement  by  Mr.  Ould  Commissr.  for 
Exchange  &  the  fact  that  there  is  neither  regulation  nor  law  that 
authorizes  the  issue  of  clothing  to  officers,  by  this  Department."^ 

On  December  20,  Captain  York  prepared  an  interesting  summary 
of  the  men  in  the  regiment,  using  then-available  company  records 
and  inter\'iewing  company  officers.  York  discovered  that  there  were 
913  volunteers,  80  conscripts,  and  12  substitiues  originally  on  the 
regimental  roll.  Although  companies  A,  B,  and  G  had  nearly  all 
been  captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  the  losses  in  the  other  seven 
companies  from  the  beginning  of  the  war  ^\'ere  178  who  died  of 
disease;  35  who  died  of  wounds;  60  killed  in  action;  81  discharged; 
25  deserted;  25  transfened;  9  resigned;  2  dishonorably  discharged; 
1  shot  for  desertion;  13  missing  in  action — for  a  total  of  429.  There 
were  576  men  remaining  on  the  rolls.  Of  these,  226  were  from  Ala- 
mance County;  175,  from  Orange;  59,  from  Wake;  143,  from  Caswell; 
182,  from  Burke;  50,  from  Chatham;  24,  from  McDowell;  82,  from 
Mitchell;  4,  from  Rowan  [most  of  the  Rowan  men  were  captured 
with  their  Captain,  }.  Calder  Turner,  at  Rappahannock  Station];  10, 
from  Catawba;  2,  from  Davidson;  2,  from  Cumberland;  3,  from  Cald- 
well; 3,  from  Person:  5,  from  Yancey;  3,  from  Yadkin.  Wayne,  Edge- 
combe, Buncombe,  Lincoln,  Granville,  Rockingham,  Wilkes,  Meck- 
lenburg, Surry,  Iredell,  Forsyth,  Craven,  Lenoir,  and  Nash  Counties 


Hi 


Sis* 


A  Badly  Needed  Victory  Under  Hoke  175 

had  1  each.  Other  states  were  represented,  too.  There  were  7  Virgin- 
ians, 1  Marylander  and  1  Georgian  in  the  regiment.  Even  two 
foreign  cx>iuitries  \\ere  listed:  Italy,  with  1;  and  Ireland,  with  3.  The 
total  company  strengths  on  December  20  ivere  these:  Second  Lieuten- 
ant William  S.  Clinton's  Company  C,  67;  Captain  Neill  W.  Ray's  Com- 
pany D,  72;  Captain  John  A.  McPherson's  Company  E,  63;  Company 
F  [commanding  officer  not  listed],  77;  First  Lieutenant  L.  H.  Walker's 
Company  H,  72;  Company  I,  43;  Company  K,  69.  Attrition  had  begun 
to  set  in,  augmented  by  the  severe  losses  suffered  by  the  regiment 
at  Rappahannock  StationC-^t  must  be  remembered  that  the  company 
totals  listed  were  not  all  present  with  the  regiment.  These  men  were 
still  on  the  rolls,  but  not  necessarily  on  active  duty  in  the  field. 

Toward  the  end  of  December,  Colonel  Tate  attended  to  several 
regimental  chores.  On  the  23rd,  he  received  a  consignment  of  ord- 
nance stores  from  Lieutenant  Thomas  Grier,  ordnance  officer  for 
Hoke's  brigade.  These  included  eleven  cartridge  boxes,  twelve  cap 
pouches,  eight  waist  belts,  forty-eight  bayon^  scabbards,  forty-three 
knapsacks,  and  eleven  canteens  and  straps. Ci^ 

A  more  interesting  matter  presented  itself  at  the  end  of  the  montli. 
J.  B.  Feathery,  an  assistant  to  North  Carolina  Adjutant  General 
Richard  L.  Gatlin,  sent  several  commissions  to  Colonel  Tate.  These 
included  Tate's  own  commission  as  lieutenant  colonel.  Lieutenant 
Hardin's  commission  as  lieutenant,  and  Captain  McPherson's  com- 
mission as  captain.  The  commissions  had  originally  been  issued  on 
September  4,  1863,  "&  sent  to  Col.  Webb."  For  some  unknown  reason 
they  had  never  been  received  at  regimental  headquarters.  They 
wound  up  in  the  Dead  Letter  Office  at  Richmond  >ftd  were  then  re- 
turned to  the  adjutant  general's  office  at  RaleighV-Peathei-y  assured 
Tate, 

Lt.  Turner's  &  Lt.  Rothrick's  was  issued  at  the  same  time  & 
will  be  fgr^varded  if  they  are  not  prisoners.  I  ^vill  keep  Col. 
Webb's.^) 

Peathen'  had  recently  seen  the  anxious  Captain  Yoik,  on  regi- 
mental business  in  North  Carolina.  At  that  time  York  had  attempted 
to  secure  a  colonel's  unifonn  for  Tate  but  had  been  unsuccessful. 
Feathery  had  reassured  York  and  "promised  to  secure  you  one  as 
soon  as  practicable."  The  "Advance"  was  expected  to  make  poKtvin 
Wilmington  in  a  few  days,  and  unifomis  were  part  of  the  cargoS-The 
matter  of  Captain  York's  commission  as  major  would  also  be  attended 
to.  Governor  Vance,  by  whose  authority  commissions  for  the  first  ten 
regiments  of^-$j;ate  Troops  were  issued,  had  "no  intention   to  over- 


stamp"  YorkV^djutant  Gatlin  personally  promised  the  officers  of  the 
Sixth,  who  had  recently  sent  a  petition  asking  for  York's^  promotion, 
that  "There  is  no  disposition  to  pass  over  Capt.  York.'(^^ 


176  The  Bloody  Sixth 

There  ^\•ere  also  matters  of  sadness  to  be  looked  into.  Private 
Thomas  Ward,  an  Irishman  who  had  enlisted  in  the  Sixth  in  May, 
1861,  desired  a  sixty-day  furlough.  He  wanted  to  go  home  to  North 
Carolina  to  help  his  ^\n.ie  and  four  children  who  were  "very  poor  and 
dependant"  upon  him.  Poor  Ward  had  been  in  the  hospital  "for 
sometime,  unable  for  active  duty  and  wishes  a  furlough  to  go  home."^ 
As  the  war  continued  into  the  bitter  year  of  1864,  there  ^^'ere  al- 
together too  many  requests  like  that  presented  by  Private  AVard. 

Fortunately,  most  of  the  private  soldiers  in  the  regiment  ■were 
faring  better  than  Ward,  at  least  those  ivithout  famlies  to  support. 
John  K.  Walker  ^vrote  home  on  Januars'  19,  1864: 

There   is   no  ne-\vs   ivorth   writing   we  jie   fairing  very   Tvell 
nothing  to  do  but  to  sit  around  the  fire.(3^ 

Although  the  -iveather  had  been  "rainy"  for  the  past  feiv  days,  most 
of  die  men  in  Company  K  were  in  good  health.  Walker  didn't  need 
any  clothes  or  provisions  froin  home,  but  a  letter  or  tiro  would  be 
welcome.  It  was  imfortunate  that  Walker's  fatlier  was  "thinking 
hard"  of  him  for  not  coming  home  to  Alamance  Coimty  during  the 
late  fall,  but,  as  Walker  expressed  it,  "we  dont  belong  to  ourselves. 
We  cant  come  home  i\-henever  we  ivant  to,  and  so  you  need  not  look 
for  me  until  you  see  me  coming."  Walker  had  no  apologies  for  not  j 
going  home,  since  only  one  man  from  his  company  had  received  a 
furlough.  (3* 

Early  in  January,  1864,  General  Hoke,  ivho  had  returned  to  his 
brigade  in  late  December,  received  orders  from  General  Lee  to  move 
to  North  Carolina.  An  attack  upon  New  Bern,  in  Union  hands  since 
March,  1862,  ivas  contemplated.  Major  General  George  E.  Pickett  | 
was  to  lead  the  expedition.  According  to  Captain  Neill  W.  Ray, 
historian  of  the  Sixth: 


i: 


Our  men  began  almost  to  believe  the  rumor  that  ^\■e  ivere 
being  carried  to  North  Carolina  to  hiuit  up  deserters.  Unpleasant 
as  such  diuy  would  have  bgfri,  there  ivas  rejoicing  at  the  thought 
of  being  nearer  home.  .  .  .(^ 

Appropriate  orders  w^ere  issued,  and  die  regiment  marched  from 
its  position  at  Raccoon  Ford  to  Gordonsville,  on  the  Virginia  Central  I 
Railroad,  on  January  21.  On  the  22nd,  the  men  croi\'ded  into  railroad 
cars  for  the  trh^thiough  Richmond  and  Petersburg  to  Gai^sburg, 
North  CarolinaOHoke,  expecting  to  join  Corse's  brigade  at  Petersburg, 
reported  to  General  Pickett  at  that  place  on  January  22.  Here  he 
learned  that  Corse's  brigade  "could  not  reach  there  before  Wednesday, 
Januarv'  27."  This  unexpected  factor  delayed  the  movements  of  the 
expedition  until  the  29th.  In  the  meantime,  the  artillery  was  collected 


%i 


Da 
•IX 
Hear 
ao( 
•i 

Bllif 
■Stl 

Jist 


A  Badly  Needed  Victory  Under  Hoke  177 

and  placed  upon  railroad  cars,  "as  if  it  was  to  be  shipped  to  Rich- 
mond," a  move  designed  to  deceive  the  enemy.  The  artillery  horses 
were  sent  to  the  countr)',  then  ordered  to  proceed  to  Wihnington. 
They  were  removed  from  the  train  at  Wilson,  North  Carolina  to  a\\'ait 
fiuther  orders.  Hoke  made  other  anangements  for  the  expedition  at 
Petersburg  and  then  went  to  Kinston,  North  Carolina.  Finding  that 
the  enemy  still  ivas  inactive  at  Ne\\'  Bern  he  retmned  to^4j^'eldon  "to 
gi\e  the  shipment  of  my  troops  my  personal  attention."^— Buring  this 
period,  the  Sixth  remained  in  camp  at  Garysburg,  a  stay  of  six  days.  (£3^ 

On  January  30,  the^egiment  took  the  train  to  Kinston,  arriving 
there  on  the  same  day^^t  Kinston,  the  men  joined  a  large  expedition 
consisting  of  Kemper's  brigade,  three  regiments  of  Brigadier  General 
Matt  \V.  Ransom's  brigade  from  \Veldon,  Barton's  brigade  of  600 
cavalrv  ivitltsix  Napoleon  cannon,  and  six  rifled  cannon  and  their 
cannoneer^^^oke  described  the  Confederate  battle  plan: 

.  .  .  the  column  .  .  .  was  to  leave  that  point  (Kinston)  on 
Saturday  morning  and  move  do^vn  the  Trent  road  as  if  upon 
Ne^v  Berne;  thence  across  Trent  River  and  doTvn  the  sotith  bank 
across  Brice's  Creek  to  the  rear  of  Ne^\'  Berne,  under  the  command 
of  Brigadier-General  Barton.  Two  regiments  of  Corse's  brigade 
were  also  for\varded  to  Kinston  on  Friday,  which,  ^\dth  'Whit- 
ford's  battalion,  now  on  duty  on  north  bank  of  Neuse  River 
beloAv  Kinston,  fonned  the  column,  commanded  by  Colonel 
Bearing,  which  ^\-as  to  make  demonstrations  against  W'ashington, 
or  if  he  could  surprise  Fort  Anderson  (one  of  the  major  forts 
guarding  New  Bern)    ^vas  to  go  in.(^> 

Hoke's  brigade,  ivith  some  of  Corse's  men,  two  regiments  of  Cling- 
man's  brigade,  and  the  Fifty-sixth  North  Carolina  of  Matt  Ransom's 
"brigade,  would  advance  against  New  Bern  on  the  Dover  Road.  Their 
artillery  complement  was  foin-  Napoleons  and  eight  rifled  cannon. 
The  men  were  marched  do^vn  the  Dover  Road  to  a  point  five  miles 
from  iinston  on  Saturday  afternoon  and  placed  in  camp  for  the 
nightC-The  plan  called  for  the  attack  to  be  made  simultaneously  by 
the  several  columns  of  infantry,  artillery,  and  cavalry.(^ 

It  shoidd  be  remembered  that  the  column  under  Hoke  had  orders 
to  create  a  diversion  and  "draw  off  the  enemy,"  not  capture  the  city 
ol  Nei\-  Bern.  That  important  objective  ^vas  the  task  of  Barton's  and 
Dearing's  cavali^  brigades  and  the  naval  contingent  tinder  Com- 
mander John  Taylor  ^Vood.tZV 

At  6:00  A.M.  on  Sunday,  Januaiy  31,  Hoke's  column,  accom- 
panied by  General  Pickett,  marched  down  the  Dover  Road  in  the 
iirection  of  New  Bern.  During  the  day,  the  Confederate  infantry 
nrested  eveiTone  it  encoiuitered  since  the  element  of  surprise  was 
mportant  to  its  plans.    At  nightfall  the  men  had  reached  Stevens' 


1' 


178  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Fork,   ten  miles   from   New   Bern   and    two   miles   from   the   nearest 
enemy   outpost.   They   ^\■ere   ordered   to   make   camp,    but   were    not 


allowed  to  light  fires  for  fear  of  alerting  the  enemy  to  their  presence.^' 
At  1:00  A.M.  on  February  1,  Pickett  ordered  Hoke  to  advance  upon 
the  Union  outposts.  Hoke's  infantry  advanced  rapidly,  capturing  all 
the  outposts  in  front  of  them.  The  column  advanced  down  the 
road  to  New  Bern  "with  all  possible  speed."  It  was  important  that 
the  bridge  over  Batchelder's  Creek  should  be  captured  before  the 
enemy  had  an  opportunity  to  destroy  it.  Unfoi'tunately,  the  Unionists 
had  beenj^lannecl  by  the  firing  of  the  outposts  "and  had  taken  up  the  1. 
bridge."(^  i 

When  Pickett  saw  what  had  occurred,  he  ordered  Hoke  to  wait 
until  daylight  enabled  him  to  force  a  passage.  Hoke  quickly  advanced 
his  line  at  dawn  and  a  fierce  engagement  began.  The  enemy  was 
found  to  be  in  a  strong  position  on  the  east  side  of  Batchelder's  Creek, 
and  was  rapidly  reinforcing  his  line  ^\ith  infantiy  brought  fonvard 
by  the  railroad.  An  ironclad  steam  car  was  pushed  forward  on  the 
railroad  to  support  the  infantiy.  Shells  began  to  fall  into  the  Con- 
federate lines.  A  blockhouse  within  the  Union  lines  also  opened  fire. 
At  this  crisis  Hoke  ordered  some  trees  to  be  cut  down  and  thro^vm 
across  the  creek  to  make  a  temporary  bridge.  Over  this  bridge 
Colonel  Mercer,  of  the  Tiventy-first  Georgia  Infantry,  was  pushed 
forward  witli  two  regiments.  Mercer  attacked  the  enemy  on  the  flank 
and  lear  while  Hoke's  other  troops  repaired  the  bridge  and  prepared 
to  cross  over.  In  spite  of  their  reinforcements  and  under  jybjs  pressure, 
the  Unionists  soon  broke  and  withdrew  from  the  field.HSoke's  men 
advanced  so  rapidly  as  to  almost  capture  a  train  filled  with  Union 
troops  which  was  moving  forward  to  reinforce  the  position  at 
Batchelder's  Creek.  The  Confederate  commander  had  planned  to 
seize  the  train,  place  his  men  upon  it  "and  go  into  New  Berne."  At 
this  moment  and  for  some  inexplicable  reason,  Pickett  ordered  a 
halt  to  the  pursuit.  Hoke's  brigade  was  promptly  placed  in  position 
to  meet  any  advance  which  the  enemy  might  make  from  New  Bern. 
Clingman  was  directed  to  cross  the  Trent  Road,  to  cut  off  the  retreat 
of  the  enemy  from  their  position  near  Deep  Gully,  and  pick  up  as 
many  prisoners  as  possible.  However,  CU«gman  failed  in  this  mission 
because  he  did  not  know  the  country. ^3oke  wrote  that  Clingman's 
failure  to  accomplish  his  mission, 

.  .  .  was  extremely  unfortunate,  as  during  the  evening  at 
different  times  500  infantry  and  400  cavalry  passed  intojhe  town 
panic-stricken,  leaving  their  camps  in  wild  confusion.(V3) 

It  should  be  noted  that  Pickett's  reasons  for  calling  off  the  Con- 
federate pursuit  were  some^vhat  weak  and  invalid.  He  apologized  for 
the  lack  of  Confederate  energy  at  the  critical  moment  by  saying  that 


Hie 


A  Badly  Needed  Victory  Under  Hoke  179 

he  had  "no  cavahy,  and  the  men  much  worn  by  the  long  night's 
march,  and  not  having  been  allowed  fires,  we  were  unable  to  press 
our  admntage  as  we  would  have  done  had  there  been  fresh  troops  in 
hand."^'ftl  spite  of  the  weak  Confederate  pinsuit  many  captures  were 
made.  Four  hundred  prisoners,  2  pieces  of  artillery,  40  horses, 
300  small  arms  and  equipment,  "some  few  negroes,"  and  a  quantity 
of  commissars'  and  quartermaster's  stores,  "clothing  &;c,"  3vere  taken. 
The  Sixth  lost  only  ts\'o  men,  both  mortally  ■wounded.(j^ 

Hoke's  men  had  advanced  a  distance  of  six  miles  along  the  rail- 
road. When  they  rested  in  line  of  battle  to  ivait  for  General  Corse's 
brigade  to  come  up,  diey  found  themselves  close  to  the  town's  outer 
defenses.  A  further  advance  placed  the  brigade  -svithin  a  mile  of  the 
town.  Hoke,  reconnoitering  the  enemy's  position,  met  widi  a  further 
disappointment.  He  saw  two  trains  come  into  Ne^\'  Bern  from 
Morehead  City.  Hadn't  Barton's  cavaln'  fulfilled  its  part  of  the  plan? 
Hoke  was  deeply  disappointed  but  kept  his  men  in  line  of  battle  all 
day,  hoping  that  Barton  ivould  finally  advance.  Late  in  the  day,  a 
dispatch  amved  from  the  unfortunate  cavaln'  officer,  stating  "that  it 
was  impossible  for  him  to  cross  the  creek."  Hoke's  anger  at  this 
information,  although  kept  to  himself,  was  intense.  The  disappointed 
Confederates  ivere  ordemd  to  svithdraw  to  Batchelder's  Creek  on 
Wednesday,  Februan'  S.'-^y  the  4di,  Hoke's  weai7  troops  -were  back 
in  their  camps  at  Kinston,  still  eager  for  new  adventures.  A  report 
circulated  in  the  regiment  that  die  men  would  soon  be  sent  tQ_^ 
Salisbur)',  although  John  K.  "Walker  thought  "it  doubtful  myself."  C^ 

In  spite  of  the  reverse  in  front  of  Ne\v  Bern  Hoke  was  optimistic. 
After  all,  the  expedition  had  come  back  laden  ^\ith  booty:  13  Union 
officers;  284  enlisted  men;  and  14  Negroes  captured  together  with 
much  material.  Among  the  latter  were  2  rifled  cannon  and  caissons, 
300  stands  of  small  arms,  4  ambulances,  3  wagons,  103  animals,  much 
clothing,  some  camp  and  gaiTison  equipment,  and  2  regimental  flags. 
Hoke  also  felt  that  New  Bern  could  still  be  captured  if  a  determined 
effort  were  made.  He  had  recruited  his  brigade,  including  the  Sixth 
Regiment,  back  to  a  reasonable  degree  of  strength  since  the  command 
had  been  in  North  Carolina.  Hoke  continued: 

The  troops  do  not  look  upon  otu"  campaign  as  a  failure,  as  the 
real  object  was  not  known  to  diem  and  the  capture  of  several  rich 
camps  pleased  them  wonderfully  ....  The  two  3-inch  rifled  pieces, 
^\ith  horses  and  ecpiipments,  svas  a  ^•aluable  prize.(%) 

Actually,  Hoke  and  his  men  had  no  time  to  either  be  elated  or 
dejected  over  the  outcome  of  the  engagement  at  Batchelder's  Creek. 
The  command  was  busy  with  other  problems.  Ninety-five  carpenters 
and  mechanics  and  fifty  laborers  had  been  recruited  from  Hoke's 
command  to  work  on  an  ironclad  gunboat,  the  "Neuse,"  which  was 


180  The  Bloody  Sixth 

under  construction  at  Kinston.  Hoke  had  a  supervisory  capacity  over 
the  project  and  the  work  on  another  gunboat  in  the  Roanoke,  the 
"Albemarle."  He  hoped  to  have  both  gunboats  completed  by  March  1. 
Until  then  he  planned  to  keep  his  men  in  camp  at  Kinston,  "and 
push  forward  the  work,  and  .  .  .  give  the  boat  protection,  which  is 
absolutely  necessary.  .  .  .  There  is  no  doubt-o£  success  in  this  under- 
taking, and  we  cannot  and  must  not  stop."(^ 

As  the  work  on  the  gunboat  progressed,  rumors  still  circulated 
through  the  Sixth  that  the  men  were  going  to  Salisbury.  Their  eager- 
ness was  enhanced  by  the  fact  that  life  was  difficult  in  the  camp  at 
Kinston.  Rations,  that  perennial  barometer  of  the  life  of  the  common 
soldier,  ^vere  "very  common."  John  K.  Walker,  unable  or  unwilling 
to  eat  what  the  army  furnished  him,  asked  his  father  to  send  him  a 
box  of  "cabbage  turnips  sweet  potatoes  1.  qt.  of  wheat  1  pk.  of  flour 
a  small  piece  of  middling  meat,  and  a  little  butter."  He  also  needed 
a  good,  strong  flour  bag  to  cari7  his  supply  of  flour,  and,  "if  you  can 
get  it,"  a  quart  of  brandy.  G^ 

Life  had  its  interesting  points,  too.  There  was  always  a  bit  of  the 
Ijoy  in  the  Confederate  soldier.  This  quality  was  evident  among  the 
men  of  the  Sixth  and  their  kinsmen.  Private  James  H.  Walker, 
Company  G,  Fourteenth  North  Carolina,  stationed  along  the  Rapidan, 
had  been  home  recently  in  Alamance  County.  He  wrote  to  his  cousin 
John  K.  Walker: 

...  I  seen  it  published  in  the  papers  that  your  Brig,  was 
detailed  to  go  to  N.  C.  John  I  kno^v  that  you  will  be  glad  if  you 
do  get  to  go  up  close  to  home.  For  there  is  some  place  in  some 
of  them  countys  that  I  shoidd  like  to  look  for  deserters  but  not 
cai-e  mutch  whether  cant  (get)  them  or  not.  .  .  .  John  I  hope 
that  you  will  soon  get  to  go  home,  for  yoiu-  Girl  wants  to  see 
you.  I  ^vent  to  see  her  &  spent  one  night  with  her,  she  was  well  & 
toled  me  to  give  you  boys  her  love,  for  she  sertainly  did  love  you. 
John  I  would  make  a  swipe  at  her  myself  but  I  knew  that  you 
had  got  your  pigs  sot  so  that  it  wotdd  be  tiseless  to  do  so.  John 
I  had  a  good  time,  all  thaL  there  was  about  it  was  that  the  time 
did  not  last  long  a  nuff.  \§y 

James  continued  by  informiug  John  that  he  had  visited  the  latter's 
home  and  found  his  family  -well.  Then,  in  debonair  fashion, 

...  I  happened  home  at  the  right  time  for  -(vhile  thear  one 
of  them  girls  that  you  youst  to  traffic  \vith  had  a  child  fine  boy. 
I  was  close  to  the  house  at  the  daue  but  ivas  not  called  upon.  I 
send  my  love  to  all  of  the  boys.  (^5) 

It  paid  to  be  lighthearted  since  there  was  so  much  sadness  mixed 
with  army  life. 


A  Badly  Needed  Victory  Under  Hoke  181 

During  the  Sixth's  stav  in  camp  at  Kinstou  detachments  were  sent 
out  to  procure  provisions  and  recruit  replacements  for  the  men 
captured  at  Rappaliannock  Station.  On  A  [arch  1,  one  of  these  detach- 
ments commanded  by  First  Lieutenant  Neill  W.  Ray  collected  144 
bushels  of  corn  and  168  pounds  of  hay^^m  >[ajor  J.  L.  Chisman, 
assistant  quartennaster  at  Greensboro. ^-4^ieutenant  Colonel  Tate 
traveled  throughout  the  central  and  -svestern  portions  of  the  state  on 
recruiting  duty.  While  on  one  of  these  trips,  at  Morganton,  Tate, 
his  mind  ahvays  turning  back  to  the  unfortimate  members  of  the 
regiment  capttued   on    the    Rappahannock,    -svrote   Governor   Vance: 

...  1  have  been  thinking  over  matters  since  I  sa^\•  you  and 
would  respectfully  suggest  that  you  would  .  .  .  contrive  a  suit  of 
clothes  to  every  North  Carolina  soldier  noiv  Field  or  prisoner  of 
war.  They  are  "all  at  Point  Lookout  Md.  —  destitute  and  friend- 
less. This  e\idence  of  yoiu-  care  for  them,  -(vhen  they  so  much 
need  a  friend,  \\ould  make  such  an  impression  as  time  could 
never  efface,  and  attach  them  e\en  more  strongly  to  their  home 
&  cause.  (^ 

Tate  had  learned  that  some  of  the  men  at  Point  Lookout  were 
"almost  nude."  It  would  be  wise  to  supply  th£_,men  from  a  political 
viewpoint,  "aside  from  other  considerations.CfjV 

John  K.  'W^alker,  retin-ning  from  a  visit  to  his  home  in  Alamance, 
set  do-ivn  while  on  guard  duty  to  ^vrite  his  mother  on  March  14  to 
inform  her  that  "I  am  ^^'el\  and  hearty  and  got  safe  to  camp  on 
Saturday  evening  about  one  hour  by  sun  and  on  arriving  at  camp  I 
found  all  the  boys  well  and  hearty  and  i  (n)  fine  spirits."  ^Valker  then 
gave  his  mother  a  list  of  some  of  the  men  in  his  company  (K)  ^vho 
hailed  from  Alamance:  Sam  Tate:  Albert  Graham:  James  Squires; 
Henn-  ^\'alker:  John  and  Joe  Sha^v:  Anderson  Ector;  Rufus  McCul- 
loch;  Thomas  Lynch  "and  several  others  that  you  dont  kno\\-  anything 
about."  Fourteen  neiv  men  had  recently  joined  the  company,  filling 
it  up  to  capacity.  AValker  jokingly  felt  that  he  "was  such  a  good 
looking  boy  that  they  had  obliged  to  take  all  such  boys  as  me." 
Eveiyone  had  been  surprised  to  see  Walker  when  he  returned  to 
camp  because  a  lamror  had  been  circulated  that  he  was  to  be  married. 
This  was  evidently  the  farthest  thing  from  Walker's  mind.  His 
thoughts  were  turned  to  the  possibility  of  getting  a  substitute,  maybe 
a  man  bv  the  name  of  Buck  Bro^vning.  ^vho  "used  to  belong  to  our 
Co."@)  ' 

Walker's  letter  continued  \\ith  other  ne\\s,  usual  to  Confederate 
soldiers.  There  had  been  a  recent  alarum,  "a  cavalry  laid  on  our 
picket  post,"  which  frightened  the  brigade  and  regimental  officers 
sufficiently  to  issue  marching  orders  which  were  soon  counteniianded. 
Then  the  nostalgic. 


182  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Tell  Jane   (possibly  a  youngei-  sister)   that  I  am  going  to  send 
her  and  Ginnie  Ann  a  bale  of  snuff  a  piece  and  that  I  am  going  x- 
to  send  it  by  Jim  Hall,  and  she  can  get  it  from  Penulia  Maynard.  C£ 

A  few  days  later  Walker  sent  Jane  a  small  book  and  some  religious 
tracts.  He  also  sent  "some  little  small  bills  of  money"'  to  his  yoimger 
brothers.  He  planned  to  send  Jane  his  song  book  "as  soon  as  I  learn 
some  of  the^ongs  myself."  In  return.  Walker  had  received  a  box 
from  homej[^ 

Things  ^\ere  shaping  up  in  the  Sixth.  Sixty  conscripts  had  arrived 
in  camp  on  March  23,  proving  that  General  Hoke  and  Colonel  Tate 
were  being  successful  in  their  recruiting  efforts.  What  was  even  more 
important,  at  least  from  a  contemporary  viewpoint,  was  that  the 
Sixth's  prisoners  at  Point  Lookout  were  well.  There  was  even  a  rumor 
going  around  that  "our  Prisoners  were  all  at  Richmond  and  was  going 
to  get  a  furlough  for  30  days."  Walker  felt  that  the  men  would  be 
exchanged  in  a  short  time.  To  reveal  the  good  humor  in  which  most 
of  the  men  found  themselves,  they  participated  in  a  great  snow 
ball  fight  on  March.  23  between  Hoke's  brigade  and  James  L.  Kemper's 
Virginia  brigade.(iP 

Towards  the  end  of  March,  a  movement  ivas  started  to  invite 
Governor  Vance  to  visit  Hoke's  brigade  in  its  camps  at  Kinston.  A 
committee,  consisting  of  Captain  Carey  Whitaker,  Fourty-third  North 
Carolina,  Major  W.  T.  Pfohl,  Twenty-first  North  Carolina,  and 
Chaplain  John  Paris,  Fifty-fourth  North  Carolina,  was  appointed  to 
invite  tlae  governor  to  come  to  Kinston  "and  address  us  at  your 
earliest  convenience;  with  which  invitation  we  have  no  doubt  it  will 
be  your  pleasure  to  comply."  It  was  evident  tha|^he  brigade  would 
"be  happy"  to  receive  a  visit  from  the  govemoiVTo  supplement  the 
invitation  from  the  committee.  Lieutenant  Colonel  Tate  of  the  Sixth, 
who  was  cousin  to  Vance's  wife  Harriet,  Avrote, 

I  desire  merely  to  say  that  we  will  expect  you  and  I  will  have 
prepared  for  you,  a  separate  apartment  and  bed  in  the  Camp  of 
this  Regiment,  and  an  extra  horse  and  sei-vant  for  vqii  at  the 
Station  ivhen  you  an-ive,  and  accompany  you  myself.(zv 

Tate  reassured  Vance  that  the  latter  might  accept  "any  of  the  many 
invitations  which  will  doubtless  be  extended  to  you,"  without  offend- 
ing him.  The  colonel  would  meet  the  governor  at  the  train  with  the 
ever-necessary  horse  and  servant.  There  ^vere  other  things  Tate  was 
willing  to  do  for  the  governor — "I  hope  cousin  Harriet  got  the  shad 
last  -is-eek — sent  by  a  soldier  going  home  on  furlough."  He  would  try 
to  obtain  some  oysters  "S:  other  fish"  in  the  immediate  future.  It  was 
convenient  to  send  a  kinsman  seafood  when  you  were  near  the  sound 
region  of  North  Carolina,  especially  when   that  kinsman  happened 


A  Badly  Needed  Victory  Under  Hoke  183 

to  be  go^'ernor  of  the  state.  Tate  also  wanted  something  from  Vance, 
the  assurance  that  Colonel  Webb  would  never  return  to  take  the 
command  from  him.  He  Tiuote  Vance  a  rather  timid  footnote:  "(Has 
Mr.  W[ebb]  resigned?)  "  ^ 

There  is  no  extant  reply  from  Vance,  although  it  may  be  assumed 
that  he  did  ans\\er,  giving  the  p*ess  of  business  as  a  reason  for  not 
being  able  to  visit  the  brigade.  ^— ^ 

There  were  other  members  of  the  Sixth  Regiment,  not  then  in  the 
field,  who  ^\ere  still  to  be  heard.  These  ^\ere  the  officers  of  the  Sixth 
who  had  been  captured  in  the  hard  fighting  at  Rappahannock  Station 
the  previous  November.  On  March  30,  1864,  these  men,  together  -svith 
nearly  all  the  other  North  Carolina  officers  who  were  imprisoned 
with  them  at  the  Johnson's  Island  Prison,  near  Sandusky  City,  Ohio, 
appointed  a  special  committee  to  prepai-e  a  petition.  The  officers  from 
the  Sixth  who  signed  the  petition  ^vere  Benjamin  F.  White,  Samuel 
J.  Crawford,  Henry  C.  Dixon,  and  James  H.  Watson  of  Alamance; 
Louis  H.  Rotherick,  James  Calder  Turner,  and  Archibald  C.  God^vin 
(fomierly  of  Virginia  and  California)  of  Rowan;  Louis  Warlick  and 
William  G.  Turner  of  Burke;  M.  W.  Norfleet  and  Jeromiah  A.  Lea 
of  Casi\'ell;  ■Willie  G.  Guess,  Robert  F.  Webb,  and  William  S.  Christian 
of  Orange.  The  petition  wns  prepared  for  embattled  North  Carolina, 
especially  to  act  in  opposition  to  the  pro-Union  Convention  Party 
under  Editor  'William  Woods  Holden.  The  North  Carolina  officers 
sought  to  reassure  Vance  of  "the  intense  satisfaction  with  -(vhich  we 
have  marked  the  distinguished  ability  jmd  lofty  patriotism,  -(vhich 
have  characterized  your  administration. tiThe  petition  ivas  filled  ^\ith 
diat  peculiar  eloquence  of  the  Nineteenth  Century: 

It  has  been  ^vith  peculiar  pride,  diu-ing  this,  oiu"  long  and 
tedious  imprisonment,  that  in  eveiy  nind  that  has  wafted  to  our 
ears,  a  whisper  from  the  land  of  oiu'  birth,  and  of  our  unchange- 
able love,  ^\^e  have  heard  the  utterance  of  our  own  sentiments, 
the  echo  of  our  o^v'n  prayers,  of  our  highest  hopes,  and  purest 
aspirations,  in  the  manly  and  patriotic  language  of  the  Governor 
of  our  State.  Exiles  from  our  homes  and  country,  captives  in  the 
land  of  those  'who  hate,  and  ■ivould  destroy  us,  we  watch  ^\ith 
anxious  concern,  the  progress  of  e\ents,  and  the  course  of  the 
war;  and  note  ivith  immingled  pleasure  the  manifestations  of 
ardent  patriotism  and  unyielding  jirmness,  among  the  masses  of 
the  people  of  our  Oivn  state.  .  .  .  QfP 

The  petition  continued  ^\ith  praise  for  a  patriotic  speech  Vance 
had  recently  made  in  ^V^ilkesboro,  "so  genuine  in  its  eloquence,  so 
exalted  in  its  patriotism,  so  forcible  in  its  argimients,  and  withall,  so 
hopefid,  and  confident  of  success,"  Vance's  "exposition"  of  the  Federal 
policies  Tvas  especially  praise^vorthv.  The  ^\•riting  continued,  in  the 
strong  language  inherent  in  the  times; 


184  The  Bloody  Sixth 

The  one  great  idea  of  the  people  of  this  country,  is  the 
subjugation  of  the  South,  and  so  to  appropriate  its  property,  to 
the  liquidation  of  their  stupendous  debt;  and  the  dominant 
party  is  stronger  or  weaker  in  proportion  as  the  prospect  of 
success  is  nearer  or  more  remote.  Let  our  people,  by  any  event, 
either  through  submission  or  subjugation,  be  thro^vn  on  the  mercy 
of  this  nation,  and  the  great  plan  wiU  have  been  consummated, 
and  this  success  will  have  insured  the  perpetuity  of  the  Repub- 
lican Party.  What  policv'  this  party  would  pursue  in  the  Govern- 
ment of  our  Countr)',  is  but  too  plainly  manifested  already;  ive 
gather  it  daily  from  their  Congressional  actions  from  their  party 
Conventions,  from  their  leading  journals;  we  hear  it  even  from 
their  own  lips,  so  to  humiliate  the  South,  so  to  crush  her  spirit, 
so  to  cripple  her  resoiuxes,  so  to  disarm  her,  so  to  quench  her 
hopes,  tliat  never  aoain  within  her  wjdf  borders,  shall  even  a 
■whisper  be  heard  m  clann  of  freedom. IK?^ 

The  petition  ivarned  that  the  war  -svould  be  -is-aged  by  the  North 
tuitil  there  was  no  "possibility  of  its  recuiTence."  It  prophesied  that 
Southern  pi-operty  would  be  confiscated  and  given  to  "their  soldiers 
and  freedmen."  The  slaves  would  be  freed,  and  arms  ^vould  be  taken 
from  the  whites  and  given  to  the  Negroes,  who  ■tvould  also  be  given 
the  right  to  vote.  Suffrage  wotdd  be  limited  to  those  whites  who  had 
committed  treason  against  the  Confederacy.  The  Republican  Party 
desired  to  "make  of  our  Country,  one  vast  ruin,  so  hideous,  that  far 
do^vn  into  the  coming  ages  of  mankind,  it  may  stand  as  a  ghastly 
warning  to  deter  the  rash  patriot,  that  Tvould  claim  freedom  as  a 
birthright;  or  Republican  Government  as  a  heritage."  The  petition 
came  to  a  strong  conclusion  in  a  burst  of  eloquence: 

War  may  cover  the  land  whh  sorrow  and  moin-ning,  but  peace, 
on  the  tenns  of  sidjmission,  would  cover  it  with  the  blackness 
of  the  shado^v  of  death.  War  has  still  the  blessing  of  hope,  but  in 
such  a  peace,  there  is  only  the  darkness  of  despair.  In  such  a 
state  of  existence  the  order  of  nature  would  be  reversed.  Life 
woidd  be  the  King  of  Tenors,  and  Death  its  only  solace.  In  final 
eternal  separation,  lies  oin-  only  hope,  our  only  safety;  other 
terms  were  dishonorable,  were  dangerous.  As  soldiers  of  N.  C.  as 
citizens  of  our  young  Confederacy,  we  can  be  content  with  no 
peace,  that  does  not  recognize  us,  as  a  free  and  independent 
people. 

So  long  Sir,  as  you  tread  the  path  of  duty,  :\ith  the  same  manly 
unfaltering  step  as  heretofore,  so  long  will  oin-  hearts  go  with  you 
in  gratitude;  so  long  will  we  hail  you  as  among  the  great  de- 
liverers of  the  State  we  r^jerence,  from  a  tyi-anny  more  revolting 
than  the  visage  of  death. (^ 

This  w'as  not  the  last  commtmication  from  Johnson's  Island.  In 
April,  Colonel  'Webb  ^n"ote  to  his  kinsman.  Reverend  Adolphus  W. 


A  Badly  Needed  Victory  Under  Hoke  185 

Mangum,  in  answer  to  the  latter's  query  about  a  sketch  of  the  Sixth 
North  CaroHna  Regiment.  The  sketch  was  sent  ^vith  the  apology  "I 
send  you  my  rough  notes  from  Johnson's  Island.  They  were  intended 
for  you  at  first,  but  so  badly  are  they  written  and  under  such  unfavour- 
able circumstances  was  the  attempt  made,  that  I  have  concluded  they 
would  be  of  little  service  to  you.  Ho\\ev«i',  if  you  can  make  any  thing 
out  of  them  they  are  at  vour  service." ^'prhe  text  of  this  summaiy  is 
included  in  .\ppendix  C]  It  might  be  interesting  to  jxjint  out  Webb's 
comment  about  Rappahannock  Station,  his  "Waterloo": 

Battle  of  Rappahannock  Bridge  Nov.  7,  1863^  com  by  Col. 
Webb  where  the  whole  concern  was  gobbled  up.  @) 

To^vards  the  end  of  .\pril  the  naturally  homesick  AVebb  -wrote  his 
sister-in-law  Lucie  Mangiun,  expressing  his  happiness  at  the  news  "that 
Amanda  [his  ^vife]  and  the  children  were  well."  His  health  was  good, 
except  for  a  reciuTent  case  of  some  type  of  arm  trouble.  Colonel 
Godwin  had  been  sent  away  from  Johnson's  Island  on  April  23,  to  be 
exchanged,  an  act  which  ^Vebb  considered  deplorable.  The  colonel, 
although  a  brave  man,  was  naturally  bitter  and  jealous.  He  put  much 
of  his  sadness  and  self  pity  on  paper: 

I  have  been  a  Prisoner  so  long  I  hardly  remember  the  om  side 
world  and  were  we  not  reminded  by  newspapers  that  man  is  as 
much  depraved  as  ever,  we  would  almost  loose  our  identity.  I 
seldom  bestow  a  thought  upon  any  thing  but  my  wife  and  little 
ones.  You  know  how  dearly  I  love  my  home.  I  have  sufered^— ^ 
teribly,  though  not  from  any  bad  treatment  as  a  Prisoner  of  War.' — 

Webb  had  met  ^vith  many  sympathetic  Northerners  ^vho  had  given 
him  many  "comforts  other\\ise  I  could  not  procure."  The  problem 
was  not  one  of  food  or  warmth;  it  was  simply  the  fact  that  "it  is 
terible  hard  ivork  doing  nothing."  The  lancl  in  ^vhich  he  was  im- 
prisoned \vas  so  strange,  especially  the  climate  which  was  still  cold 
and  harsh  compared  to  the  \\'armth  of  a  North  Carolina  April. 
Fortunately  most  of  the  officers  of  the  Sixth  who  were  imprisoned  at 
Johnson's  Island  were  in  good  physical  condition-^hat  is,  everyone 
except  Captain  Pan'ish  who  was  "not  so  A\eIl."^Vebb  concluded 
with  die  pathos  peculiar  to  a  man  who  hadn't  seen  his  loved  ones  for 
a  long  time  and  had  little  prospect  for  seeing  them  in  the  immediate 
future: 

Tell  Amanda  to  bear  ujj  bra\ely  and  cherfully.  I  am  hopeful 
it  ■(vill  not  be  long  before  we  meet  ....  Give  mv  love  and  kiss  all 
the  children  for  me,  present  my  kind  regards  to  your  father  and 
Ada.  Remember  me  to  William  Lunsford  and  Sallie.  I  ivrite 
even'  week  home.  My  mother  and  sister  are  well  [in  Baltimore]. 


186  The  Bloody  Sixth 

They  ivrite   to  me  often.   Tell   Amanda   she   must   continue    to 
write.  .  .  .  good  bye  and  may  God  bless  yon.  .  .  (n_^ 

Other  men  in  die  Sixth  ;vrote  home  from  prison  in  die  spring  of 
1864.  On  April  14,  Private  Tilmon  Vance,  imprisoned  at  Point  Look- 
out, Maryland,  ^vrote  Governor  Vance: 

I  am  well  ...  &  hope  the  time  will  not  be  long  tel  I  git  to 
go  home. 

Vance  was  in  the  Eighth  Division  at  the  prison  and  hadn't  seen  his 
home  in  three  years.  He  advised  the  governor  that, 

Dixey  tobacco  is  the  cr\'  here.  If  you  ^\ill  send  me  a  box  of 
tobacco_or  a  check  for  fifteen  or  twenty  dollars  and  I  will  make  it 
rite.  (t£) 

War  bred  homesick  men,  not  all  of  ivhom  were  located  in  far  away 
Northern  prisons.  John  K.  Walker  might  be  considered  to  be  one  of 
these.  Although  comparatively  safe  in  camp  at  Ivinston  he  wTote  home 
often,  usually  aljout  details  of  camp  life  and  pro^^sions  he  hoped  to 
receive  from  home.  His  correspondence  provides  a  chronicle  of  the 
life  in  the  Sixth  Regiment.  On  April  4,  he  wrote. 

There  is  nothing  strange  to  \\'rite  at  this  time,  all  the  boys  are 
well  with  the  exception  of  Albert  Graham  he  is  complaining  some 
but  I  dont  think  it  anything  more  than  [a]  bad  cold.  James 
Stpiires  is  well  and  looks  well  we  have  had  a  great  deal  of  rain 
Avithin  the  last  ^veek,  but  the  weather  has  faired  off  now. (7^ 

The  Sixth  had  recently  received  a  great  many  conscripts;  Company 
K,  alone,  numbered  fifty-seven  men.  The  nimiber  of  men  physically 
able  to  perform  active  duty  ^vas  grooving,  although  at  a  very  slow  rate.  ^ 

Walker's  correspondence  mentioned  such  diverse  events  as  "I 
sent  another  Song  Ballad  to  Jane  in  that  last  letter  I  wrote  which  had 
that  money  in  and  I  want  you  to  write  whether  you  got  it  or  not," 
to  tlie  disapproval  of  a  furlough  requested  by  one  of  the  officers,  or 
"there  was  one^eauit  died  in  Co.  'C  last  night,  and  another  also 
some  days  ago.'tjXlost  of  the  letters  contain  allusions  to  supplies  either 
received  by  Walker  or  sent  by  him  to  his  family.  At  one  time  in  the 
spring  of  1864,  he  wrote, 

...  I  want  to  know  if  you  ever  got  that  blanket  I  sent  to  old 
Johnie  Walkers  and  if  you  got  that  pr.  of  shoes  that  I  sent  to 
Barnwells  and  that  red  blanket  I  sent  by  James  Hall  .  .  .  and  if 
you  got  that  saddle  girt  I  sent  in  diat  trunk.  .  .  .    (23* 

Again,  on  April  4, 


A  Badly  Needed  Victory  Under  Hoke  187 

Tell  Uncle  Epharim  that  my  shoes  are  all  right.  CS-' 

Walker  continued  this  familiar  line  of  conversation  on  April  7,  pro- 
viding an  important  glimpse  into  the  provisions  which  North  Carolina 
soldiers  in  the  field  received  from  their  families: 

Father  I  want  yon  to  send  me  a  pk.  of  peas  and  some  flour 
by  James  Hall  he  is  going  to  start  back  about  the  18th  of  the 
month,  and  you  can  send  the  peas  and  flotn-  down  to  William 
Barnhills  about  the  17th  of  the  month.  I  am  going  to  have  [to] 
send  two  little  bottles  and  my  flour  polk  by  Hall,  and  you  can 
just  fill  it  up  ^\ith  flour  and  send  me  a  pk  of  peas  and  my  little 
polk  full  of  ilonr.m) 


In  this  same  letter  Walker  assiued  his  father  about  the  new  men  in 
the  Sixdi.  Although  the  regiment  had  suffered  some  discomfort 
during  a  two-week  period  of  rain,  the  substitutes  were  "getting  along 
fine,  and  seeny^>  be  well  satisfied."  Most  of  them  were  "very  good 
looking  men."^One  wonders  how  they  were  able  to  stay  out  of  the 
army  until  the  spring  of  1864. 

The  morale  of  the  Sixth,  at  least  judging  by  Walker's  letters,  must 
have  been  fairly  high  dining  its  stay  at  Kinston.  The  general  health 
of  the  men  was  good  and  their  spirits  were  certainly  raised  by  the 
visits  of  pretty  young  girls  like  "Miss  Susan  Bird."  Spirits  were  also 
raised  by  occasional  furloughs,  which  permitted  those  men  kept  in 
camp  to  maintain  a  direct  link  with  home  since  the  men  going  on 
furlough  were  ahvays  entrusted  with  letters  and  packages  for  loved 
ones  on  the  home  front.  When  these  same  men  returned  to  the 
regimental  camp  they  brought  boxes  from  home  back  with  them.(^ 

This  apparent  lightheartedness  didn't  stop  the  men  from  having 
a  slightly  fatalistic  attitude  alsout  life.  After  all,  this  was  a  natinal 
feeling  \vhen  one  had  faced  enemy  bullets  almost  daily  through  three 
long  years  of  war,  as  some  of  the  men  in  the  Sixth  had  done.  Some 
of  the  men,  entranced  with  this  theme,  wrote  poetry  about  it: 


23  I  trust  that  Im  prepared  to  die 
I  trust  that  I  shall  reign  on  high 
And  when  I  leave  this  world  behind 
I  hope  a  better  one  to  find 

24  Farewell  my  father  and  Mother  dear 
you  have  been  cruel  and  severe 

I  hope  God  will  forgive  the  same  ,^-'-~\ 

Though  you  have  greatly  been  to  blame  C_^J/ 


Some  of  the  men,  although  not  quite  so  pessimistic,  didn't  relish 
the  opportimity  of  facing  the  enemy.  One  of  this  type.  Private  C.  S. 


188  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Holleman,  had  been  seized  and  forced  into  the  army,  although  he 
had  previously  hired  a  substitute  to  take  his  place.  Holleman, 
obviously  thoroughly  dissatisfied  with  the  service,  ^wote  to  Governor 
Vance  from  his  tent  in  Company  I  of  the  Sixth: 

I  am  a  farmer  and  have  left  my  wife  and  little  children  the 
oldest  not  5  years  old  and  no  man  person  belonging  to  my  plan- 
tation and  when  I  was  at  home  I  had  the  charge  of  2  other 
soldiers'  fairms,  if  you  wish  for  me  to  have  an  equal  chance  with 
my  fellow  citizens  you  ^vill  please  forward  to  my  commanding 
officer  my  release  in  furlough  or  any  thing  you  think  proper  and 
when  the  men  who  have  furnished  substitutes  are  called  in 
service  I  will  return  to  my  Regt.(_£3) 

Holleman,  a  resident  of  Chatham  Comity,  was  'Svilling  to  bear"  his 
share,  but  wanted  to  help  his  family  plant  a  crop.  He  would  return 
to  the  army  when  "all  are  called  out  on  the  same  footing."  There  is 
no  record  of  Vance's  reply,  but  we  may  sjinnise  that  the  solicitous 
governor  treated  Holleman  ^vith  fairness.  CZi^ 

Vance  had  other  problems  relating  to  men  in  the  Sixth.  Monroe 
Oliver  of  Hightowers,  Caswell  County,  formerly  a  lieutenant  in  the 
regiment,  wrote  the  governor  to  ask  for  his  help  in  obtaining  the 
position  of  Confederate  tax  collector  in  "our  comity."  James  L.  McKee 
of  Yanceyville,  a  man  under  forty-five  years  of  age  who  had  never 
served  in  the  army  and  who  "has  been  speculating  on  Liquors  &:c." 
had  been  appointed  to  the  position.  Oliver  wanted  the  governor  to 
force  McKee  out  of  office  and  appoint  him.  The  former  lieutenant 
presented  a  convincing  argiunent: 

I  have  served  in  this  war  nearly  two  years  gone  through  eight 
hard  fought  battles  &:  offered  up  my  life  as  a  sacrifice  for  my 
comiti7  although  not  compelled  to  go  until  recently  on  account 
of  Ijeing  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  but  1  thought  it  a  duty  I  owed 
to  my  country  &;  I  went  at  the  first  call  I  volunteered  as  a  private 
but  when  I  was  wounded  at  Sharpsburg  I  was  Lieutenant  being 
disabled  from  the  service  by  having  a  grape  pass  through  the 
calf  of  my  leg  cutting  thesmall  bone  of  my  leg  in  twain  & 
disabled  almost  for  life[.]  ^^z 

01i^■er,  a\1io  gave  the  names  of  William  Long  and  S.  S.  Harrison, 
both  members  of  the  General  Assembly,  as  references,  was  indignant 
that  "sjsecidators"  were  "appointed  to  keep  out  of  the  anny  as  long- 
as  there  are  wounded  men  capable  of  doing  the  same  business."  Even 
if  the  governor  couldn't  appoint  him  there  were  many  other  wounded 
veterans  in  Caswell  Coumy.  Again,  we  can  find  no  record  of  the 
action  taken  by  Vance.  vH^ 

In  early  April,  Hoke,  chagrined  at  the  failure  in  front  of  Ne^v  Bern 
and  anxious  to  perform  some  service  of  value  to  the  Confederacy  in 


A  Badly  Needed  Victory  Under  Hoke  189 

North  Carolina,  determined  to  attack  the  fortified  to^vn  of  Plymouth 
on  the  Roanoke  Ri%er,  about  50  miles  east  of  Tarboro  and  125  miles 
below  AVeldon,  terminus  of  the  \Vilmington  and  ^Veldon  Railroad. 
Plymouth,  an  important  ri\er  port  and  military  post  some  seven 
miles  ^\•est  of  the  mouth  of  the  Roanoke,  was  garrisoned  by  3,000 
Union  troops  commanded  by  Brigadier  General  Heni7  W.  Wessells 
of  Cooperstown,  Ne^\-  York.  Dming  the  year  and  a  half  that  the 
Unionists  had  been  in  cor^rol  of  the  town,  Plymouth  had  been  made 
into  a  veritable  Gibraltar.CAtcording  to  a  Confederate  writer, 

...  on  its  left  flank  is  Coneby  Creek,  skirted  on  either  side 
^vith  an  impassable  morass.  The  enemy  had  thrown  up  a  very 
heavy  fortication  in  front,  extending  from  the  river  to  the 
creek — a  distance  of  a  mile — with  a  deep  ditch  in  front.  At  short 
intervals  along  this  line  ^vere  siege  and  field  guns  in  embrasure 
and  in  the  centre  ivas  the  \V'iIIiams  Fort,  mounting  6  very  heavy 
siege  and  3  field  guns  in  batteries.  This  fort  occupied  a  com- 
manding elevation;  was  exceedingly  strong,  with  a  deep  ditch 
and  impenetrable  stockade  surroiniding  it,  enclosed  on  all  sides, 
and  in  case  of  assault  was  protected  with  a  heavy  gate  and 
dra^vbridge,  thus  closing  the  only  entrance  into  the  Fort.  Inside 
of  this  line  were  three  other  forts,  mounting  tivo  to  four  siege 
guns  in  barbette,  protecting  their  left  flank  and  rear.  Immediately 
upon  the  river  ^vas  one  200-Parrott  rifle  in  position.  On  their 
right  flank,  about  600  yards  in  ad\ance  of  the  main  line  was 
Fort  Wessell,  similar  to  Fort  Williams — not  so  large — and  mount- 
ing tA\o  guns.  One  mile  higher  up  the  river  ivas  Fort  Wanen,  of 
like  construction,  mounting  one  100  Panott  and  several  other 
guns  of  heavy  calibre,  all  commanding  the  river  and  any  land 
attack.  In  addition  were  four  gun-boats  to  co-operate  with  these 

"Wessells,  hearing  that  the  Confederate  ironclad  ram  "Albemarle," 
commanded  by  Captain  James  W.  Cooke,  ^\•as  nearly  completed  up 
the  river  at  Halifax,  made  arrangements  to  deal  with  her.  The 
Roanoke  -was  blocked  with  lines  of  stakes  and  sunken  vessels  filled 
with  sand,  and  "infested"  -svith  torpedoes.  According  to  the  Con- 
federates, "every  appliance  of  engineering  skill  and  yankee  industry 
with  pick  and  spade  had  been  exhausted  for  a  t\\'elve  months'  lal)or 
to  make  Plymouth  a  Sebastojxjl."  Wessells'  force  consisted  of  five 
regiments  of  infantry  and  several  companies  of  heavy  and  light 
artillen-  and  cavalry.  The  naval  fleet  was  commanded  by  Captain 
Charles  \V.  Flusser  of  Kentucky,  "said  to  be  an  officer  of  rare  in- 
trepidity and  merit."  Altogether  the  obstacles  facing  the  Confederates 
were  formidable,  tho^^vere  not  impregnable  against  a  prolonged  and 
detennined  assault.^^^^ 

The  Confederate  force  that  prepared  to  march  against  Plymouth 
consisted  of  the  infantiy  brigades  of  Matt  W.  Ransom,  James  La^vson 


190  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Kemper  (commanded  by  Colonel  Terry)  ,  and  Robert  F.  Hoke. 
Colonel  Jimmy  Bearing's  regiment  of  cavaliy  and  several  batteries 
of  field  artillei-)'  commanded  by  Lieutenant  Colonel  Branch  and 
Major  Reid  rounded  out  the  expedition.  Hoke,  as  senior  brigadier, 
commanded  the  entire  force.  His  brigade  was  composed  of  the  Sixth, 
Twenty-first,  and  Forty-third  North  Carolina  and  the  T^venty-first 
Georgia,  commandecL  by  Colonel  Mercer  of  the  T'venty-first  Georgia, 
the  senior  colonel{_^ 

Hoke's  expedition  was  carried  to  Tarboro  by  train;  it  left  that 
place  at  10:00  A.M.  on  Friday,  April  15.  Kemper's  men  were  in  the 
lead,  followed  by  Ransom's  brigade  and  Hoke's  troops.  The  day  was 
disnral  and  the  rain  fell  incessantly  upon  the  men  as  they  plodded 
along  the  muddy  road.  That  night  the  expedition  encamped  two 
miles  west  of  Hamilton  on  the  Roanoke,  fifteen  miles  from  Tarboro. 
Colonel  William  Gaston  Lewis,  commanding  the  Forty-third  North 
Carolina  in  Hoke's  brigade,  wrote  his  wife: 

We  are  all  in  good  spirits,  8c  have  no  doubt  of  our  success. 
The  weather  is  rather  disagreeable,  but  I  stand  it  ven'  well. 


As  Le^vis  ^vrote,  the  rain  came  poiuing  down  in  toiTcntsS— On  the 
morning  of  the  16th,  the  march  continued  to  the  east.  The  column 
bypassed  to  the  south  of  AVilliamston,  infiltrated  by  Lhiion  patrols. 
It  would  be  fatal  for  their  plans  to  miscarry  at  this  point.  The  element 
of  surprise  Avas  essential.  By  nightfall  the  column  had  reached 
Foster's  Mill  "and  rested  until  5  a.m.  on  Sunday  [April  17]  to  allow 
the  pontoons  to  be  put  down  in  the  creek,  ivhich  we  foiurd  to  be 
six  feet  deep  although  citizens  had  told  to  Cenl.  Hoke  it  could  be 
easily  forded."  At  5:00  A.M.  the  march  ^vas  continued:  the  distance  to 
Plymouth  was  sixteen  miles.  The  route  the  expedition  was  forced  to 
take,  however,  placed  the  actual  distance  traveled  at  tiventy-two 
miles.  While  the  expedition  was  in  the  vicinity  of  "^Villiamston  it 
was  joined  by  the  Thirty-fifth  North  Carolina,  on  picket  duty  in  the 
area,  and  by  a  battalion  of  cavaln'  under  Bearing  and  Lieutenant 
Colonel  Branch's  artillei^  battalion,  "consisting  of  sections  of 
Graham's  (Va.)  Pegram's  (full)  Bradford's  and  other  batteries."  The 
total  number  of  guns  amouiued  to  thirty-five.  The  entire  Confederate 
force  numbered  7,000  men.  (j? 

The  troops  moved  rapidly  by  way  of  "a  good  many  cross  roads" 
through  |ames^•iHe  and  to  '(vithin  five  miles  of  Plymouth.  At  this 
point  Bearing,  commanding  Kemper's  brigade  and  some  twenty- 
pounder  Parrott  guns,  turned  off  to  the  left  to  attack  Fort  Gray  at 
Warren's  Neck.  This  fort,  which  commanded  the  upstream  ap 
proaches  to  the  town,  was  located  one  and  a  half  miles  above  Ply- 
mouth on   the  river  bank   and   two  miles   north  of   the  Jamesville- 


A  Badlv  Needed  Victory  Under  Hoke  191 

Plymouth  Road.  The  brigades  of  Hoke  and  Ransom  continued  on 
the  main  road  toward  Plymouth.  Finding  that  the  bridge  over 
Welch's  Creek  had  been  torn  down,  Hoke  ordered  his  men  to  cross  on 
a  mill  dam.  Anxious  to  make  the  attack,  the  men  pressed  forward 
rapidly,  proceeding  to  the  Washington  Road  by  a  roundabout  way. 
The  column  then  continued  on  the  Washington  Road  to  its  junction 
with  the  Jamesville  Road  two  miles  southwest  of  the  town.  A  com- 
pany of  Bearing's  cavalry  charged  the  Union  picket,  killing  two  and 
capturing  nine.  Two  men  escaped  to  give  the  alarm.  Events  now 
happened  in  rapid  succession.  The  element  of  surprise  being  lost, 
Hoke  quickly  formed  his  men  into  two  lines  of  battle.  His  brigade 
was  placed  on  both  sides  of  the  road  four  hundred  yards  in  advance 
of  Ransonr's  men.  Ransom's  brigade  was  placed  entirely  to  the  right 
of  the  road.  Soon  the  stirring  sound  of  Union  drums  beating  the 
"Long  Roll"  filled  the  air.  The  garrison  of  Plymouth  was  being 
mustered  to  meet  this  sudden  threat  from  the  south.  The  artillery  in 
Fort  ^\'illiams  and  along  the  Union  line  began  to  throw  shells  at 
Hoke's  men,  "but  owing  to  the  di^ance  no  harm  is  done."  The  Con- 
federate batteries  did  not  reply.  (3^ 

While  Hoke  ^\as  beginning  his  battle  south  of  Plymouth,  Bearing 
began  an  accurate  cannonade  against  strongly-defended  Fort  Gray 
from  a  distance  of  fifteen  hundred  yards.  The  fort's  three  gims  and 
two  supporting  giniboats  in  the  river  quickly  answered  Bearing's  fire. 
Soon  the  Confederate  artillei-\-  fire  began  to  take  effect.  Fort  Gray's 
garrison  flagstaff  ^\as  cut  do^vn,  one  of  die  Union  gunboats  was  sunk, 
the  other  \\as  badly  damaged  and  forced  to  withdraw  "a  respectful 
distance."  Bearing's  sharpshooters  moved  closer  and  closer  to  the 
fort,  pouring  in  an  accurate  musketiy  fire,  \\'hich  annoyed  the  fort's 
cannoneers  and  caused  their  firing  to  be  wild.  Bearing  kept  the  fort 
tmder  siege,  biit  delayed  making  an  infantn-  assault  due  to  a  fear  of 
heav-y  losses. (fi^ 

Hoke,  hearing  the  sound  of  Beai-ing's  guns,  ordered  his  skirmishers 
to  advance.  Soon  the  men  were  shuffling  through  the  pine  -woods  in 
front  of  the  Union  lines,  poining  in  a  heavy  fire,  a  fire  -idiich  was  con- 
tinued until  nightfall.  Biuing  the  night  Hoke's  line  was  moved 
forward  and  farther  to  the  left.  At  2:30  in  the  morning  the  Fifty-sixth 
North  Carolina  was  ordered  to  prepare  brestworks  for  Branch's  guns 
in  a  position  in  advance  of  the  main  Confederate  battle  line  and  just 
behind  the  skirmishers.  A  detail  of  250  men  kept  up  the  work 
throughout  the  night,  until  relieved  by  a  Company  of  die  Fifty-sixth 
at  daylight.  Throughout  the  day  the  work  was  continued  by 
one  company  at  a  time,  "under  the  enemy's  fire."  The  Forty-third 
North  Carolina,  on  skirmish  duty  during  the  night,  ivas  relie\ed 
by  the  T^venty-fifth  North  Carolina  at  dawn:  and  companies  from 
other  commands  extended  the  skirmish  line  finther  to  the  right.  (^ 


192  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Early  in  the  morning  Blanch's  guns  began  a  heavy  fire  against  the 
various  Union  fortifications  in  and  about  Plymouth.  This  fire  was 
"vigorously  responded  to"  by  the  Union  batteries.  Late  in  the  morn- 
ing, Hoke  determined  to  captiu-e  Fort  Wessells  which,  as  previously 
mentioned,  was  detached  from  the  remainder  of  the  Union  line.  The 
Confederate  infantry  which  was  selected  to  make  the  assault  was  com- 
posed of  Hoke's  and  Kemper's  brigades  and  one  battery  of  artillery 
under  Major  Reid.  Hoke  ordered  Ransom's  brigade  and  fointeen 
pieces  of  Branch's  artillei-)'  to  make  a  strong  demonstration  against 
the  town  at  the  moment  of  his  attack  against  Fort  Wessells.  Ransom 
moved  his  skimiishers  forward,  "under  Pegram  and  .Applewhite,  of 
his  staff."  The  men  advanced  with  spirit  at  a  rapid  pace  and  pushed 
the  Union  skinnishers  back  into  their  breastworks.  According  to  a 
contemporary   accoimt, 

The  enemy  had  now  commenced  a  furious  shelling  when  our 
artillery  advanced  at  a  dashing  gallop  for  a  half  a  mile  over  an 
open  field,  and  took  position  at  aliout  1500  yards  from  the 
enemy's  works,  each  battel^  opening  fire  as  it  reached  its  position. 
The  solid  line  of  infanti-y  pressing  forward  at  a  double  quick  to 
support  the  artillei^.  The  enemy  cannon  raised  a  most  terrific 
fire  from  all  their  forts  and  gimboats  upon  the  artillery.  Still  it 
was  unheeded:  and  as  they  would  get  our  range  the  batteries 
would  liml)er  to  the  front,  dash  forward  at  full  gallop  and  open 
a  murderous  fire  upon  the  enemy.  Again  and  again  did  they 
advance  imtil  they  were  in  800  yards  of  Fort  Wijliams,  the 
infantry  pressing  closely  up,  but  reserving  their  fire.(_f^ 

Ransom's  demonstration  had  begun  at  sunset.  The  night  ^\as  clear, 
with  a  full  moon.    According  to  the  same  writer. 

The  siffht  was  maarnificent — the  screaming  hissing  shell,  meet- 
ing  and  passing  each  other  through  the  sulphurous  air,  appeared 
as  blazing  comets  with  their  burning  fuses,  and  would  burst  ivith 
frightful  noise,  scattering  their  fragments  as  thick  as  hail/^7) 

During  this  fighting  the  Confederate  infantry  was  able  to  escape 
most  of  the  Union  fire  by  advancing  its  lines  Avhenever  the  artillery 
would  get  the  range.  The  shells  woidd  then  "in  most  cases  [pass]  over 
us."  One  participant  recorded  the  fact  that  "it  was  certainly  the 
heaviest  dose  of  Iron  I  ever  took."  Another  reason  for  the  small 
Confederate  loss  was  due  to  the  rolling  nature  of  the  ground  over 
which  the  men  advanced.  Ransom's  demonstration  began  at  6:00  P.M. 
and  ended  about  10:00  P.M.,  with  the  Confederate  skirmishers  within 
100  yards  of  the  enemy's  works,  and  the  main  line  of  infantry  within 
400  to  500  yards.  Nearly  all  Branch's  artillei7  ammunition  had  been 
expended,  forcing  the  ivithdrawal  of  the  artillery  at  10:00  P.M.    His 


A  Badly  Needed  Victory  Under  Hoke  193 

infantry  remained  in  position  until  1:00  A.M.  when  it  was  withdrawn 
to  its  former  position.    According  to  a  particpant, 

Leaving  a  small  show  of  skimiishers  we  fall  back  to  our  former 
position,  hearing  that  Hoke's  men  are  all  around  the  fort,  some  of 
them  in  it  as  prisoners,  but  that  it  has  not  sunendered,  and 
bitterly  disa]jpointed  at  our  gunboat  not  making  its  appearance 
as  expected-thinking  that  if  Avhat  we  gone  through  with  was  only 
a  demonstration,  what  must  a  fight  be.  In  fact  we  fell  to  sleep, 
deeming  it  more  probable  that  the  morro^v  would  bring  orders 
for  Tarboro  than  for  Plymouth./^ 

While  Ransom's  demonstration  ivas  succeeding  on  the  right,  Hoke 
made  prepaj-ations  to  assault  Fort  Wessells,  or,  as  some  called  it,  the 
Eighty-fifth  Redoubt,  on  the  left.  The  position  was  a  small  but  strong 
earth  fort  defended  by  forty-two  enlisted  men  of  Company  K,  Eighty- 
fifth  New  York  Regiment  under  Ca]3tain  Nelson  Chapin,  Lieutenant 
L.  A.  Butts,  and  Second  Leutenant  S.  S.  Peake;  and  twenty-three 
enlisted  inen  of  Company  H,  Second  iXIassachusetts  Heavy  Artillei7 
under  Second  Lieutenant  H.  L.  Clark.  The  fort's  armament  consisted 
of  "a  light  32  pounder  on  a  ship  carriage,  and  an  old-pattern  iron 
6-pounder  field  piece."  Hoke  intended  to  use  his  own  brigade,  com- 
manded by  Colonel  John  T.  .Mercer,  Twenty-first  Georgia  Regiment, 
and  Kemper's  brigade  imder  Colonel  ^Villiam  Terry.  A  vigorous 
infantry  attack  was  launched  against  the  position,  an  attack  which 
is  described  by  an  officer  in  the  fort: 

...  a  heavy  colimin  of  infantry  was  advanced  to  assault  the 
redoubt.  This  colimin  was  opened  upon  by  our  musketry  when 
about  100  yards  distant,  but  it  advanced  steadily  and  soon 
enveloped  the  redoubt  on  every  side,  jjouring  in  a  heavy  fire. 
The  abatis  ivas  soon  penetrated,  ^vhen  hand-grenades  were  used 
by  us,  apparently  ^vith  great  effect,  as  the  attacking  force  soon 
retired,  to  rally  again,  however,  in  a  short  time/f?) 


-*&"  y , 


The  men  in  the  Sixth,  participating  in  the  attack  with  the  rest 
of  the  brigade,  did  not  suffer  from  the  hand  grenades.  According  to 
the  regimental  historian,  "the  enemv  threw  hand-ffrenftcles  quite 
freely,  but  they  did  not  prove  to  be  very  destructive. '^^Fne  attacks 
upon  the  fort  continued,  after  a  temporary  delay.  During  the  delay, 
about  twenty-six  men  of  the  attacking  force  surrendered  to  the  fort's 
gamson.  These  men  were  "assisted  to  scale  the  walls  into  the  redoubt," 
but  later  proved  to  be  "a  great  embarrassment"  to  their  captors.  The 
fort  finally  capitulated  when  Confederate  artilleiy  was  concentrated 
against  it.  Confederate  sharpshooters  assisted  the  artilleiy  in  throwing 
a  heavy  banage  against  the  fort.  According  to  Lieutenant  L.  A.  Butts, 


194  The  Bloody  Sixth 

who  assumed  command  after  Captain  Nelson  Chapin,  the  fort's  com- 
mander was  disabled. 

The  small  building  in  the  corner  of  the  work,  upon  which  the 
fire  was  concentrated,  proved  a  source  of  great  danger.  The  per- 
cussion shells  from  tire  enemy's  guns  struck  its  roof  and  chimney, 
exploding  and  sending  deadly  missiles  to  nearly  every  part  of  the 
redoubt.  .  .  .  The  fire  was  also  very  effective  upon  the  walls  of  the 
redoubt,  penetrating  deep  and  throwing  off  much  earth  by  the 
explosions.  The  sand-bags  were  broken  and  thrown  off  the  para- 
pet, so  as  to  destroy  the  loop-holes  on  the  sides  of  attack.  After 
the  second  cannonade  had  been  some  time  continued,  fire  was 
opened  in  that  direction  by  our  giui-boats,  but  their  slrells  passed 
over  and  exploded  far  beyond  tlie  enemy's  batteries.  Some  shells 
from  the  town  seemed  to  better  elevated  and  l:)etter  timed,  but 
were  without  apparent  effect.  The  last  two  shells  from  the  gun- 
boats struck  and  exploded,  one  on  the  parapet,  the  other  upon 
the  traverse  covering  the^oor  of  the  magazine,  both  in  perfect 
range  for  the  magazine/W^ 

Faced  with  this  destructive  fire,  some  of  it  from  their  own  gun- 
boats, the  officers  in  the  fort  held  a  council  of  war.  It  was  decided  to 
surrender  because  the  Confederate  infanti'y  was  now  between  the 
fort  and  the  towai,  the  fort's  cartridges  were  almost  expended,  "only 
half  a  dozen  grenades  were  left,"  the  fort's,  artillerymen  were  disabled, 
the  prisoners  were  a  detriment,  there  was  no  way  to  spike  the  gims 
or  make  signals  for  aid,  and 

There  appeared  in  the  darkness  no  hope  of  efficient  help  from 
the  gini-boats  or  from  the  town  batteries,  and  the  fire  receivecL— 
from  the  gini-boats,  if  repeated,  left  no  safe  place  in  the  work.  ^' 

The  fort  surrendered  at  11:00  P.M.  Total  casualties  for  both  sides 
in  the  attack  were  tliree  killed  and  eight  wounded  in  the  ganison  and 
about  sixty  killed  and  wounded  in  the  attacking  force.  Probably  the 
worst  loss  suffered  by  the  Confederates  was  the  death  of  Colonel 
Mercer,  who  had  led  Hoke's  brigade  in  the  attack.  The  number  of 
prisoners  captured  by  the  Confederates  was  fifty-two,  all  of  them  taken 
by  Colonel  Jimmy  Bearing,  the  intrepidj^rginia  cavalryman  who 
accepted  the  surrender  for  General  Hoke.(_^5^ 

The  capture  of  Fort  Wessells  was  important  to  Hoke's  men  for  it 
removed  a  "vei^  important  flank  position"  from  their  left  flank.  It 
proved  to  be  of  great  value,  especially  after  the  ironclad  ram  "Albe- 
marle" succeeded  in  running  past  the  giuis  of  the  town  at  2:00  A.M.  on 
April  19.  The  "Albemarle"  performed  great  service  to  the  Confed- 
erate cause  when  she  sank  the  U.  S.  S.  "Southfield"  in  the  river  below 
Plymouth  and  drove  the  gunboat  "Miami"  into  Albemarle  Sound  to 


A  Badly  Needed  Victory  Under  Hoke  195 

the  protection  of  the  Union  Blockading  Squadron.  The  weary  men  in 
Hoke's  and  Kemper's  brigades  could  sleep  upon  their  anns  that  night 
knowing  that  the  friendly  "Albemarle"  had  control  of  the  Roanoke 
River.  Plymouth  was  no^v  completely  surrounded  by  the  Confederate 
forces.  (IB^ 

During  the  morning  of  the  19th,  reinforcements  from  Ransom's 
brigade  were  ordered  to  support  Hoke  and  Terry  [commanding 
Kemper's  brigade]  on  the  left.  A  heavy  artillery  duel  developed  dur- 
ing the  day  between  the  two  forces.  Hoke  devoted  his  time  in  making 
a  "more  thorough  reconnoissance."  Fortified  \vith  his  newly-derived 
knowledge  of  the  Union  position,  Hoke  called  off  a  projected  attack 
by  his  reinforced  troops  on  the  left.  Instead,  he  ordered  Ransom  to 
take  his  brigade  and  move  across  Coneby  Creek.  The  plan  ^vas  to 
attack  Plymouth  on  the  Confederate  right  or  eastern  side.  After  en- 
coimtering  some  opposition  at  the  creek  (the  bridge  was  down  and  a 
Union  force  was  intrenched  on  the  opposite  side)  Ransom's  men 
crossed  and  spent  the  idght  of  the  19th  in  line  of  battle  immediately 
in  front  of  the  \.o\s\\.([^^ 

When  Generals  Hoke  and  Ransom  separated  on  the  afternoon  of 
the  19th,  it  was  agreed  that  l^ansom  would  signal  Hoke  by  firing 
a  rocket  as  soon  as  he  was  in  an  assault  position.  Hoke  woidd  then 
attack  the  Asestern  approaches  to  Plymouth  with  his  and  Kemper's 
brigades,  and  "Ransom  on  the  right  would  make  a  demonstration 
or  attack,  as  he  drought  best."  At  1:00  A.M.  on  the  20th,  Ransom 
notified  Hoke  that  he  was  in  position  and  would  attack  at  dawn 
"and  intended  to  cany  the  place  by  assault."  Hoke  was  asked  to 
co-operate  with  a  simultaneous  attack  or  demonstration.  Hoke  then 
called  a  council  of  war,  notified  his  regimental  field  officers  of 
Ransom's  intentions,  and  "by  his  confidence,  coolness,  and  resources 
seemed  to  inspire  them  thoroughly  with  his  own  self-reliance."  He 
placed  his  artillery  behind  his  infantry,  causing  the  Uniea  gunners 
to  overshoot  his  lines  in  the  demonstration  of  the  20th.  vlfiv 

The  attack  on  the  morning  of  April  20  was  made  by  Ransom's 
brigade.  A  careful  study  of  the  ground  about  Plymouth  will  enable 
the  reader  to  understand  why  this  was  done.  On  the  west  side  of 
town,  in  front  of  Ploke's  forces,  a  deep  and  swampy  stream  inter- 
vened bet^veen  the  Confederates  and  the  Union  positions  on  top  of 
"Camp  Hill"  and  about  Battery  Worth.  Immediately  behind  Hoke's 
troops  floAved  the  forbidding  stretch  of  W^elch's  Creek,  which  cut  off 
possible  retreat  in  case  of  a  Confederate  defeat.  For  these  reasons, 
Hoke  placed  most  of  the  burden  of  the  attack  on  Ransom's  men. 
Althousrh  the  Sixth  Regiment  wasn't  involved  in  the  assault,  it  is 
important  to  briefly  describe  \xO^^^^ 

At  daybreak  on  the  20th,  Ransom's  men  ivere  aroused  from  a 
fitful  slumber   to  make   the  attack.    The   men   Avere   still   exhausted 


196  The  Bloody  Sixth 

from  their  marches  and  exertions  of  the  day  before  and  "nearly 
chilled  with  cold."  The  participating  troops  were  the  Fifty-sixth, 
Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  Thirty-fifth,  and  Eighth  North  Carolina 
Regiments.  With  a  rapid  movement  in  quick  time  the  line  surged 
forward,  the  ironclad  "Albemarle"  steaming  along  the  river  bank  to 
aid  the  infanti^.  Lieutenant  Colonel  John  W.  Graham  of  the  Fifty- 
sixth  North  Carolina,  son  of  Confederate  Senator  William  A.  Graham, 
described  the  charge  in  a  letter  to  his  father: 

Soon  it  becomes  double  tpiick  [time]  and  "yells"  break  from 
the  whole  line  which  are  ans\\-erecl  by  Hoke's  Brigade  on  other 
side,  tlien  into  a  marsh  in  some  places  waist  deep  and  impassable 
for  our  right,  which  has  to  be  withdrawn  and  canied  through 
by  a  flank.  The  25th  is  the  same  fix  and  our  Regt.  gets  ahead  of 
it  and  fomis  under  a  heavy  shower  of  minnie  balls  at  the  edge  of 
town  and  %  of  a  mile  from  Avhere  Ave  started  and  on  the  right 
of  24th,  our  left  resting  on  the  stream  and  25th  going  to  our 
right.  The  8th  and  35th  were  still  engaged  at  the  Forts  (Fort 
Comfort  and  the  Coneljy  Redoubt)  on  either  side  of  the  road  but 
soon  come  up,  35th  passing  between  us  &  24tli  and  going  to  the 
left.  The  8th  is  still  to  the  left  facing  at  nearly  at  right  angles 
and  are  hotly  engaged  with  the  enemy.  We  are  now  in  position 
and  I  see  nothing  more  of  8th,  35th,  or  25  diu-ing  the  fight  as 
houses  intervene  between  us  and  24th  moving  on,  [Colonel] 
Faison  filed  to  the  right  and  started  by  the  left  flank  up  the 
street./^eF) 

The  Union  forces  put  uj)  a  "hot"  resistance,  firing  from  behind 
houses  and  in  alleyways.  Graham  quickly  formed  his  regiment  in 
line  of  battle  near  the  line  of  the  Twenty-foiuth  North  Carolina.  A 
piece  of  artillery  was  placed  in  the  center  of  the  Confederate  line 
near  the  Plymouth  jail.  The  entire  line  then  performed  a  right 
oblique  and  charged  forward.  The  enemy  was  found  "undergi-ound 
in  holes,"  but  soon  surrendered.  Over  fifty  prisoners  were  taken  in 
this  attack.  Graham  looked  around  for  Colonel  Faison,  the  regimental 
commander,  but  he  couldn't  find  him.  He  then  saw  that  he  was  in 
command  of  all  of  the  Fifty-sixth  except  for  "the  t^vo  right  companies." 
At  the  far  end  of  the  street  a  Union  cannon  and  caisson  ivith  twelve 
horses  were  firing  at  his  men.  Graham  charged  the  piece,  captured  the 
caisson,  and  wounded  two  of  the  horses:  but  the  sergeant  in  charge 
of  the  cannon  blew  up  the  limber  and  killed  and  ^sounded  six  horses. 
Graham  described  the  end  of  the  Ijattle: 

I  then  advanced  the  men  and  getting  a  flank  fire  succeeded  in 
capturing  all  the  Yankees  along  the  whole  of  west  line  of  fortifica- 
tions, over  200  of  them.  Several  of  my  men  calling  out  that  the 
Yankees  were  rimning  for  the  Fort  [Fort  Williams]  ...  I  advanced 


A  Eadlv  Needed  Victory  Under  Hoke  197 

the  line  across  the  breast  [works]  on  om-  left  front  but  soon 
found  out  that  the  Federal  Flag  was  still  Hying.  I  then  fell  back 
within  the  fortifications  and  formed  line  again  Avith  24th.  I 
got  a  ball  through  my  overcoat  about  this  time.  Hoke's  Brigade 
now  came  in  and  Sharpshooters  being  placed  around  the  jMincipal 
fort  and  artilleiy  brought  up  very  close,  the  flag  was  hauled  dowp..^ 
and  Brig,  Genl.  ^\'essells  and  command  received  as  prisoners.  QfJ) 

The  fighting  at  Fort  ^Villiams  Avas  desperate.  Although  Hoke's 
brigade  had  advanced  into  Plymouth  when  Ransom's  men  had  pene- 
trated the  eastern  defenses  of  the  town,  the  Confederates  were  stopped 
short  at  the  fort.  Repeated  assaults  failed  to  dislodge  Wessells  and  a 
handful  of  his  men  ^vho  were  determined  on  continued  resistance. 
There  was  finally  nothing  left  to  do  except  to  bring  fonvard  artilleiy. 
Before  the  artillery  opened  fire,  Hoke  made  an  oflfer  during  a  personal 
interview  between  the  two  men.  The  Clonfederate  demanded  the 
unconditional  surrender  of  Plymoiuh  in  consideration  of  Wessells' 
"untenable  position,  of  the  impossibility  of  relief"  and  of  the  fact  that 
the  defense  had  been  conducted  honorably.  Wessells  refused  to  con- 
sider surrender,  although  he  later  admitted  that  Hoke's  general 
attitude  had  been  "courteous  and  soldierlike."  Hoke  then  prepared 
to  rene^v  the  ofl'ensive.  ArtilleiT  was  brought  forward  from  all  direc- 
tions and  fired  upon  Fort  'W^illiams.  Wessells  described  the  bombard- 
ment: 

This  terrible  fire  had  to  be  endured  -ivithout  reply,  as  no  man 
could  live  at  the  guns.  The  breast-height  ^vas  struck  by  solid  shot 
on  every  side,  fragments  of  shells  sought  almost  every  interior 
angle  of  the  \\ork.  the  Avhole  extent  of  the  parapet  was  swept  by 
musketry,  and  men  were  killed  and  woimded  even  on  the  ban- 
quette slope.  A  covered  excavation  had  been  previously  con- 
structed, to  which  the  wounded  were  conveyed,  Avhere  they  re- 
ceived  efficient   medical   attention. (^^^ 

Under  this  pressiue  AVessells  "had  the  mortification  of  siia.cnder- 
ing  my  post"  to  the  Confederates  at  10:00  A.^f.  on  April  20.^^^ 

Hoke  placed  Lieutenant  Colonel  Graham  in  command  of  the  town 
and  proceeded  to  survey  the  supplies  he  had  captured.  These  included 
2,500  captured  Union  troops,  300  Negroes,  30  pieces  of  artillery  in- 
cluding 2  one  himdred-pounder  Parrott  guns,  complete  garrison 
equipment,  100.000  ijoiuicls  of  meat,  1,000  barrels  of  flour,  300  horses, 
3,000  stand  of  small  arms,  and  1  steamer.  Two  Union  gunboats  were 
sunk  and  one  [the  "Miami"]  was  crippled.  The  Union  loss  in  killed 
and  wounded  was  about  250:  the  attacking  Confederates  estimated 
their  losses  to  be  75  killed  and  430  wounded.  In  addition  to  this,  the 
Confederates  lQ*tel^  gnn  by  an  explosion,  2  limbers  "blown  up,"  and 
12  horses  killedV-Tiie  Sixth  suffered  a  loss  of  5  killed  and  30  ivoimded. 


198  The  Bloody  Sixth 

According  to  the  Greensboro  Patriot,  J.  E.  Saunders,  J.  Tilley,  A. 
Weavil,  John  [Sergeant  J.  E.]  Lyon,  ancl  Privates  J.  E.  Borden,  John 
McGee,  R.  Pittman,  E.  Nelson,  F.  Page,  John  Childress,  A.  B. 
Ephriam,  E.  P.  Hyatt,  and  John  Reece  were  patients  in  hospitals  at 
Wilson  and  Goldsboro  shortly  after  the  hanle.C^S^ 

The  usual  telegrams  were  sent  by  Hoke  and  his  lieutenants  to 
commemorate  and  announce  their  victory.  Commander  John  Taylor 
Wood,  an  acting  aide  to  Hoke,  assiued  an  anxious  Governor  Vance: 

The  land  &  water  attack  upon  Plymoutliunder  Gen.  Hoke  8c 
Comdr.  Cooke  was  complete  success.  .   .  .  (2^^ 

Hoke  wired  Braxton  Bragg,  President  Davis'  militai7  advisor: 

I  have  stormed  and  carried  this  placej_capturing  1  brigadier, 
1,600  men,  stores,  25  pieces  of  artillery.  (^^;^ 

Davis  himself  wrote  Hoke,  congratulating  the  young  brigadier 
for  his  victory.  A  reward  was  included: 

Accept  my  thanks  and  congratulations  for  the  brilliant  success 
\vhich  has  attended  your  attack  and  capture  of  Plymouth.  You  are 
promoted  to  be  a  major-general  from  that  date.  Lil^ 

The  Confederate  Congress  congratulated  Hoke  and  Cooke  "and 
the  officers  ancbjnen  under  their  command,"  for  the  "Brilliant  victoi^" 
at  Plymouth>-Siich  a  faithful  correspondent  as  John  K.  'Walker  was 
not  to  be  outdone.  He  informed  his  father, 

It  was  one  of  the  completes!  vicjLorys  won  during  the  ^\-ar  .... 
We  all  got  just  what  we  -wanted. (^ 

Walker's  elation  ivas  increased  by  the  fact  the  Company  K  suffered 
the  loss  of  only  two  killed  and  three  wounded.  Most  of  the  men  from 
around  Mebane,  "Jimmie  Stjuires,  George  Maynard,  Capt.  Vincent," 
w^ere  all  right.  There  was  a  note  of  indecision  in  Walker's  mind:  "I 
don't  know  where  we  will  ,p»  from  here.  Some  say  to  little  Washington 
but  I  don't  know  where. 'v|^ 

There  was  another  more  sinister  side  to  the  victoi7  at  Plymouth 
which  the  men  in  the  Sixth  probably  knew  nothing  about.  In  mid- 
July,  1864,  Union  Major  General  Benjamin  F.  Butler  wrote  to 
Lieutenant  General  U.  S.  Grant,  then  engaged  in  the  siege  of  Peters- 
burg. Butler  had  examined  a  Negro  soldier  named  Samuel  Johnson, 
an  orderly  sergeant  in  Company  D,  Second  Ihrited  States  Colored 
Cavalry,  ivho  accused  memljers  of  the  Sixth  and  Eighth  North  Caro- 
lina Regiments  of  murdering  all  Negroes  found  in  Union  uniforms. 
Johnson  had  been  captured  at  the  fall  of  Plymouth,  been  detained 


A  Badly  Needed  Victory  Under  Hoke  199 

in  Raleigh  for  "about  a  month,"  and  was  then  attached  to  the  Sixth 
North  Carolina  Regiment  in  front  of  Richmond  as  the  personal 
servant  of  "Lieutenant  Johnson."  He  had  then  escaped  and  made 
his  way  into  the  Union  lines  ^vhere  he  eventually  found  Butler  and 
told  him  his  ston': 

Upon  the  capture  of  Plymouth  by  the  rebel  forces  all  the 
negroes  foimd  in  blue  imiform,  or  with  any  outward  marks  of  a 
Union  soldier  upon  him,  i\as  killed.  I  saw  some  taken  into  the 
woods  and  hung.  Others  I  saw  stripped  of  all  their  clothing  and 
then  stood  upon  the  bank  of  the  ri\er  ^vith  their  faces  rivenvard 
and  there  they  ^\ere  shot. 

Still  others  were  killed  Ijy  having  their  brains  beaten  out  by 
the  biut  end  of  the  muskets  in  the  hands  of  the  rebels.  All  ^vere 
not  killed  the  day  of  the  captme.  Those  that  were  not  were  placed 
in  a  room  with  their  officers,  they  [the  officers]  having  previously 
been  dragged  throtigh  the  toivn  with  ropes  around  their  necks, 
Avhere  they  ivere  kept  confined  imtil  the  folloiving^moniing, 
■sdren  the  remainder  of  the  black  soldiers  were  killed.  (^^^ 

Butler  Avrote  Grant  in  white-hot  anger,  basing  his  case  entirely 
upon  Johnson's  statement.  The  Massachusetts  officer  felt  that  it  was 
up  to  Grant  to  act  on  Johnson's  claim.  In  his  letter  he  eiToneously 
stated  that  the  Sixth  North  Carolina  "is  still  at  Plymouth."  Nothing 
ever  came  of  these  accusations.  A  thorough  study  of  all  available  regi- 
mental correspondence  does  nothing  to  substantiate  these  claims. 
Until  authentic  evidence  is  micovered,  it  is  impossible  to  arrive  at  any 
other  conclusion  than  that  the  entire  spHfjnent  is  the  biased  opinion 
of  someone  -ivith  a  vivid  imagination.  (j^>' 

.\fter  the  victon'  at  Plymouth,  Hoke  became  determined  to  clear 
eastern  North  Carolina  of  Union  troops.  Moving  rapidly  he  advanced 
his  force  against  Washington  on  the  Pamlico,  almost  midway 
between  Plymouth  and  Ne^v  Bern.  AVhen  the  Confederates  arrived  in 
front  of  Washington  they  found  the  x.ow\\  had  been  evacuated  by  the 
enemy.  Hoke  sent  Jimmy  Bearing's  cavalry  after  them  and  made 
arrangements  to  send  ageru*-to  Hyde  County,  east  of  Washington,  in 
search  of  corn  and  bacoiiv_3pne  Sixth  Reoiment  entered  Washington, 
but  on  April  27  was  marched  to  Greenville  in  an  unsuccessful  search 
for  the  enemy.  Camping  at  Greenville  for  one  day,  the  men,  ac- 
companied by  the  Third  Virginia  Infantn',  left  for  Washington  on 
Sunday,  May  1.  The  weary  troops  filed  into  the  small  town  on  the 
Pandico  on  the  2nd,  having  marched  a  distance  of  twenty-two  miles. 
Here  they  remained  for  a  time,  together  with  the  remainder  of  a 
hastily  improvised  garrison:  The  Third  Virginia;  the  Sixth;  one 
artillery  battery:  and  one  cavalry  regiment.  Hoke  ordered  the  re- 
mainder of  his  brigade  to  return  to  Kinston.  John  K.  AValker  wTote 
home  on  May  3  and  described  the  situation: 


200  The  Bloody  Sixth 

...  I  am  noA\'  sitting  back  in  W'ashington,  N.  C.  in  a  fine 
house  ^vriting  by  candle  light  ....  Our  Co.  [K]  is  on  Provost 
Guard  in  Town  and  the  ballance  of  the  Regt.  is  about  14  of  ^ 
mile  outside  Town.  We  are  fairing  splendid  getdne  plenty  to 
eat  and  coffee  &:  sugar  whenever  we  can  press  ^^-0^) 

Walker  was  indignant  because  the  enemy  had  returned  and  at- 
tempted to  burn  the  to\vn  on  Saturday,  April  30.  Fortunately  the 
\\'inci  had  changed  and  only  one-fourth  of  the  place  had  been  de- 
stroyed. The  Union  forces  had  again  evacuated  ^Vashington  on  the 
same  day,  but  a  Union  gunboat  had  visited  the  town  on  Tuesday, 
May  2.  One  shell  was  thrown  into  the  streets  but  no  one  was  injured. 
Walker  ^vas  certain  that  the  Union  forces  had  no  intention  of  attempt- 
ing to  recaptiue  ^\''ashington  in  the  immediate  future.  He  also  felt 
that  the  Sixth  \\ould  remain  in  the  area  "for  some  time."  There  was 
also  a  nnnor  that  the  enemy  was  preparing  to  evacuate  New  Bern, 
but  Walker  didn't  cpc^t  the  report  since  "They  have  got  the  wrong 
boys  to  traffic  with. '^— He  had  also  heard  that  his  Uncle  John  AValker 
planned  to  join  the  regular  Confederate  Army.  This  was  all  well  and 
good,  but  no  enlistment  plans  should  be  made  to  join  the  Sixth 
Regiment: 

...  if  you  dont  want  to  see  the  monkey  in  ten  days  after  you 
join  dont  come  to  the  6th,  there  is  some  of  the  boys  that  never  did 
see  him  in  their  lives  but  as  soon  as  they  jsined  the  6th  they  got 
to  see  him  in  ten  days  after  they  joined. (^^^ 

Still,  for  the  time  being,  army  life  in  the  Sixth  ^\-asn't  too  bad.  After 
all,  one  could  sit  back  and  drink  real  coffee  in  the  town  of  Wash- 
ington. The  small  town  was  a  nice  place  to  be  stationed.  There  were 
pretty  girls  and  easy  duty  to  perfonn.  \Valker  had  giown  well  "and 
fat  as  a  pig"  under  these  conditions.  All  his  friends  in  Company  K, 
Captain  John  S.  Vincent,  George  R.  Maynard,  Jimniie  Squires, 
Samuel  Tate  [not  the  colonel],  Jackson  Dailey,  Monroe  Walker, 
Marshall  Shaw,  Tom  Wilson,  and  George  Cheeks,  were  fine,  too.  The 
only  thing  John  wanted  from  home  wasjjje  latest  map  of  North 
Carolina,  probably  to  record  his  travels. ^'*») 

General  Hoke,  still  anxious  to  strike  a  blow  at  the  Union  power 
in  eastern  North  Carolina,  determined  to  attack  tire  important  town 
of  New  Bern  in  early  May,  1864.  But  first  he  would  need  more  troops. 
The  fighting  at  Plymouth  had  cost  him  many  of  Iris  best  men.  Also, 
the  Ne\\-  Bern  garrison  -ivas  far  larger  and  more  aggressive  than 
Wessells'  troops  at  the  Roanoke  River  town.  Confederate  Adjutant 
General  Samuel  Cooper  at  Richmond  and  General  Beauregard,  then 
in  Kinston,  were  asked  to  aid  Hoke  in  his  cjuest  for  troops.  They  tried, 
but  ■without  much  success. 


A  Badly  Needed  Victorv  Under  Hoke  201 

Cooper  wired  Beauregard: 

Dispatch  recei^•ed.  By  General  Hoke's  force  was  meant  that 
^vhich  he  took  ivith  him  to  Plymouth.  The  troops  will  move  by 
railroad//^ 

Nevertheless,  Hoke  determined  to  continue  his  movement  on 
Plymouth,  but  -(vithout  the  Sixth  Regiment  which  -ivas  kept  in  garrison 
duty  at  Washington.  Hoke  had  the  opportunity  to  make  a  surprise 
attack  since  the  garrison  at  New  Bern  didn't  expect  a  Confederate 
offensive.  As  Hoke  was  preparing  to  moimt  the  attack,  an  effort  was 
made  to  reinforce  him.  A  twenty-pounder  Parrott  gun  was  sent  to  him 
from  \\'ilmington  by  Major  General  Chase  Whiting.  C^f^ 

On  the  e\ening  of  May  4,  Hoke  attacked  the  Union  positions  on 
the  north  side  of  Ne^v  Bern.  The  follo\ving  dav  was  spent  in  cutting 
off  the  Union  garrison's  commimication  by  railroad  ivith  Morehead 
City.  Confederate  artillery  was  planted  within  t^vo  miles  of  the  town. 
This  artillery  ivas  quickly  silenced  by  tlie  Union  ironclad  railroad  car 
and  the  gunboats  in  the  Neuse  River.  On  the  moniing  of  May  6,  Hoke 
demanded  the  surrender  of  the  town,  but  was  refused.  On  that  after- 
noon the  Confederate  force  qiiicklv  ■ivithdreA\'  for  Kinston,  after 
capturing  a  force  of  fifty  men  from  the  Fifth  Rhode  Island  Heavy 
.\rtillery'  at  a  small  railroad  station  near  Ne^v  Bern.  Hoke's  sudden 
departine  ^\as  not  caused  by  any  move  on  the?^art  of  the  Union 
garrison.  He  had  not  been  defeated  in  the  fielor-^ie  answer  lav  in  a 
letter  \\ritten  by  General  R.  E.  Lee  to  President  Davis  on  Mav  3.  Lee 
had  sent  a  man  kno^vn  as  "Burke,  the  Scout"  into  Maryland  to  learn 
the  plans  of  the  enemy.  Lee  used  Burke's  report  to  ascertain  the 
Union  movements.  The  Confederate  general  wrote. 

Generals  Breckinridge  and  Imboden  both  report  the  troops 
that  had  gone  -(vest  to  Beverly,  &;c.,  as  returning  east.  I  think  they 
^vill  mo\e  up  the  valley.  It  is  their  better  mo\'e.  I  hope  General 
Breckinridge  will  be  ordered  to  unite  with  Imboden  to  drive  them 
backy^^ 

.\nd  then  the  all  important  statement: 

If  General  Beauregard  can  take  care  of  the  flank  movement 
on  Richmond,  and  /  can  gel  all  the  troops  belonging  to  tliis  ay)ny. 
Pickett.  Hoke,  and  R.  D.  Johnston,  I  will  endeavor  to  iiold  the 
front.  If  this  cannot  be  done  it  mav  be  lietter  for  me  tp^be  nearer 
Richmond,  Avhich  I  request  the  President  to  decide. (V^ 

On  May  10,  the  Sixth  Regiment  was  ordered  to  leave  Washing- 
ton, the  scene  of  so  many  pleasant  associations,  and  move  to  Tarboro. 
The  men  reached  the  latter  to-ivn  on  the   13th,  where  trains  picked 


202  The  Bloody  Sixth 

them  up  for  the  trip  to  Weldon.  John  K.  Walker  sat  at  the  railroad 
station  and  wrote  a  letter  after  the  first  half  of  the  regiment  had 
already  left  for  Weldon  and  the  long  trip  to  Petersburg.  He  wrote  in 
an  emphatic  and  half-hopeful  tone,  but  the  combat-weariness  which 
comes  with  long  nights  and  days  in  the  field  was  beginning  to  tell: 

I  understand  that  Gen.  Lee  has  whipped  the  Yankees  in  Va. 
and  Gen.  Beauregard  has  whipped  them  on  Black  Water  (River) , 
but  I  guess  that  there  will  be  some  fiojiting  to  do  when  we  get 
there.  All  the  boys  are  generally  weW.Q^^ 

As  the  rain  fell  in  sheets  onto  the  muddy  streets  of  Tarboro,  Walker, 
soon  to  be  far  from  home,  wrote  his  father  that  he  would  send  him  a 
haversack  and  "a  big  Red  Yankee  blanket"  together  with  "all  the 
little  tricks  in  my  haversacks."  He  ended  with  a  nostalgic  note: 

.  .  .  give  my  respects  to  all  the  neighbors  Grandmother  Uncle 
John  Aunt  Mary  &  all  write  soon  I  have  not  heard  from  home 
since  the  8th  April.  .  .  . 

And  then  Walker  was  on  the  train  to  W^eldon  and  Virginja^and 
heaven  knew  where.  The  Sixth's  great  adventure  had  begun. 


XII 


In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan 


"Since  I  last  ivrote  you  we  have  been  marching  tV  maneiairing 
.  .  .  to  draiv  the  Yankees  out  of  their  e?itretichments,  to  fight  us, 
but  tliey  iL'ont  come." 


Stephen  Dodson-  Ramseur  to  his  wife, 
September  6.   1864. 


In  early  May,  Hoke's  brigade  was  placed  under  the  command  of 
Lieutenant  Colonel  William  Gaston  Lewis  of  the  Forty-third  North 
Cai'olina.  Lewis,  a  resident  of  Tarboro,  had  been  an  able  officer,  being 
present  at  the  first  "battle"  of  the  war  at  Bethel  Church,  June  10, 
1861.  His  map  of  that  encounter  is  still  studied  by  historians.  Other 
regiments  in  the  brigade  ^\'ere  the  T^venty-first,  Fifty-fourth,  and 
Fifty-seventh  North  Carolina  and  the  First  North  Carolina  Battalion 
Artillery.  The  brigade  was  assigned  to  the  division  of  Major  General 
Robert  Ransom,  Jr.,  a  native  of  Wanenton,  North  Carolina  and 
brodier  to  the  post  war  United  States  Senator  and  Confederate 
Brigadier  General  Matt  W.  Ransom.  Other  brigades  in  the  division 
^vere  the  Alabamians  of  Archibald  Grade  and  the  Virginians  of 
William  R.  Terry  [Kemper's  old  brigade]  and  Seth  M.  Barton.  The 
division  was  assigned  to  the  Department  of  North  Carolina  and 
Southern  Virginia's  First  Military  District,  commanded  by  Major 
General  George  E.  Pickett  at  Petersburg.  Overall  command  of  the 
department  was  in  the  hands  of  General  Piene  G.  T.  Beauregard  of 
Fort  Sunuer  fame.  ^ 

Although  part  of  tlie  brigade  arrived  in  Petersbiug  by  May  11, 
the  Sixth  Regiment  was  held  in  the  vicinity  of  Belfield  and  Hicksford, 
along  the  Petersburg  and  AVeldon  Railroad,  to  protect  railroad  bridges 
"in  that  neighborhood  for  a  few  days.'Uj' 

On  May  15,  Colonel  Tate  was  ordered  to  move  his  men  from 
Belfield  to  Petersburg  by  Major  General  Chase  Whiting,  then  on 
special  duty  in  the  Petersburg  area.  Butler's  Union  Army  of  the  James 

203 


204  The  Bloody  Sixth 

was  moving  forward  from  its  lines  at  Bermuda  Hundred  on  the  James 
and  threatened  to  cut  the  important  raihoad  bet\\een  Richmond  and 
Petersburg,  ^\'hiting  directed  Tate  to, 

Conimimicate  the  same  order  to  the  regiment  of  Kemper's 
brigade  (the  Third  Virginia  Infantry)  now  on  the  road  either  at 
Hicksford  or  at  Weldon.® 

Brigadier  General  James  S.  Walker  of  the  Holcombe  Legion,  a  select 
body  of  troops,  wanted  the  Sixth  Regiment  to  relieve  his  men  at 
Petersbmg  in  the  trenches.  His  chief  reason  ^\as  that  he  wanted  to 
bring  together  his  scattered  command.  By  May  19,  the  Sixth  was  in 
Petersburg,  comprising  the  garrison  of  that  place  in  company  with 
the  Virginia  militia.  The  Sixty-foiuth  Georgia  Regiment  was  ^\ithin 
supporting  distance  at  S^vift  Creek,  north  of  the  Appomattox  River. 
Jimmy  Bearing's  cavali7  Avas  "scouting"  alLjhe  approaches  to  the 
town  in  anticipation  of  the  Union  advancelJ^ 

The  men  of  the  Sixth  were  placed  in  position  on  die  east  side  of 
Petersburg  about  t^vo  miles  out  in  support  of  a  position  known  as 
Battel^  Number  Five,  an  important  link  in  the  Petersburg  defensive 
line.  Their  mission  was  to  protect  Petersbin-g  and  its  important  rail- 
road installations.  The  remainder  of  the  brigade  was  moved  to 
support  Generals  Beauregard,  Hoke,  and  Ransom  in  their  attack 
upon  the  Union  position  at  Bermuda  Hundred.  The  men  did  not, 
therefore,  support  Beain-egard  in  his  partially-successful  attack  upon 
Butler's  lines  at  Bedmuda  Hundred  on  May  16.  This  effort  was  only 
partially  successful  due  to  Whiting's  failme,  for  unknown  reasons, 
to  come  up  in  time  from  his  base  at  Port  Waldiall  Junction,  six  wiles 
north  of  Petersburg  on  the  Richmond  and  Petersburg  Railroad.tS-' 

As  the  Sixth  heard  the  thunder  of  Beainegard's  cannon  bom- 
barding Butler's  position  at  Bermuda  Hundred,  John  K.  Walker 
reviewed  the  military  situation  in  Virginia:  the  bloody  duel  between 
Lee  and  Grant:  the  deaths  of  many  ineplaceable  Confederate  officers 
like  Stuart,  Junius  Daniel,  Micah  Jenkins,  and  Leroy  Stafford;  and 
the  sad  ivotuiding  of  Lieutenant  General  James  Longstreet.  Walker 
then  sho-ived  his  personal  courage  and  desire  to  participate  in  the 
fighting: 

I  dont  kno^\•  Avhen  \ve  will  join  our  Brigade  they  are  about  12 
miles  from  us  we  have  not  been  ^vith  them  since  the  1st.  day  of 
IVfay.  They  have  done  some  very  hard  fighting  so  report  say  but 
ive  ha^•e  heard  nothing  official  from  ihem.  We  are  kept  here  to 
protect  the  R.  R.  and  Petersburg,  but  I  had  much  rather  be  with 
the  Brigade.  We  have  not  stayed  all  night  t^vice  in  two  weeks. 
We  ha\e  not  been  in  any  fight  yet  biu  no  telling  how  soon(i^ 


In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan  205 

And  tlien  'W^alker  ^vrote  the  defiant  line  Avhicli  underlies  the  feelings 
of  the  men  in  the  Sixth:  "Do  not  fear  we  are  all  right  and  will  never 
give  up  Richmond  as  long  as  a  grain  of  Powder  will  burn."  The  men 
in  the  Sixth  \\-ere  all  in  fine  spirits:  the  health  of  most  of  them  was 
good.  Jimmie  Squires,  Sam  Tate,  Tom  Wilson,  George  Cheeks, 
Lieutenant  George  Maynard,  Captain  John  S.  Vincent  "are  all  \\-ell." 
Only  poor  Joseph  Sha-i\-  had  become  ill  and  had  to  be  left  in  the 
military  hospital  at  Belfield.  "Walker  himself  ^vas  in  good  health,  in 
spite  of  the  continuous  rain  that  fell  at  Petersburg.  The  young  soldier 
was  excited,  probably  because  of  the  dramatic  passage  of  events,  and 
had  "many  tilings  to  ^vrite  but  this  must  do  for  the  present."  He  re- 
vealed the  basic  fatalism  common  to  all  men  who  have  passed  im- 
harmed  through  \ears  of  \\-ar  Avhen  he  infomied  his  father,  "I  remain 
your  son  until  Death. "0 

While  the  Sixth  was  encamped  at  Batten'  Number  Five,  Governor 
Vance  ■^v'as  engaged  in  the  correction  of  a  problem  in  the  case  of 
Joseph  S.  Latta,  a  member  of  die  regiment.  Latta  had  been  con- 
scripted into  the  regiment  from  his  position  as  a  constable  in  Orange 
County  in  the  spring  of  1864,  a  time  ivhen  the  Sixdi  was  filling  its 
ranks  with  conscripts  from  piedmont  Nordi  Carolina.  Latta  had  ap- 
plied to  Governor  Vance  for  a  discharge  on  the  basis  of  his  occupying 
an  official  position  as  a  state  officer.  Vance  had  complied  \\ith  Latta's 
request  by  writing  Colonel  Peter  Mallett,  commander  of  the  state's 
camp  for  conscripts  at  Camp  Holmes,  north  of  Raleigh.  \V'hen  Mallett 
didn't  immediately  reply,  Vance  wrote  again  after  learning  that  Latta 
was  sick  in  a  hospital  at  Raleigh: 

Some  time  ago  I  demanded  his  discharge.  .  .  .  No  reply  has 
been  received  to  my  application.(£) 

Mallett  replied  that  his  office  had  no  authority  to  discharge  Latta 
since  he  had  been  "assigned  to  the  6th  N.  C.  T.  some  time  since." 
When  Latta's  certificate  for  discharge  had  been  received  whh  Vance's 
accompanying  endorsement,  "claiming  his  discharge  as  a  State  Officer," 
it  had  been  forwarded  to  the  enrolling  officer  who  had  enlisted  Latta 
"to  report  ivhy  the  man  had  been  enrolled."  Mallett  stated  that  if 
Latta  were  found  to  be  telling  the  ti-uth  and  were  a  constable,  the 
certificate  would  be  for^rarded  to  Colonel  Tate  "recommending  his 
discharge."  Mallett  was  finn  in  his  opinion  that  the  conscript  officer 
had  no  authority  to  grant  a  discharge  and,  besides,  "at  present  there 
is  not  sufficient  ground  to  recommend  it."  Mallett  had  explained  the 
problem  to  Latta  on  two  occasions,  but  evidently  couldn't  convince 
the  reluctant  soldier.  \^ance's  footnote  to  the  problem^irected  his 
secretai7  to  file  Mallett's  letter  away  for  finther  reference.  The  matter 
was  finally  settled  by  Colonel  Mallett  in  a  letter  of  June  22,  to 
Governor  Vance: 


206  The  Bloody  Sixth 

This  man  was  not  a  "successor  in  office"  having  been  the 
first  constable  ever  appointed  in  his  district.  He  was  accordingly 
enrolled  and  assigned  to  the  6th  N.  C.  T.  on  the  31st.  Match. 
Being  in  the  army  this  office  has  no  longer  any  authority  over  him. 
His  discharge  should  be  demanded  of  his  commanding  officer. 
It  is  understood  that  he  has  been  ordered  to  rejoin  his  Reg't 
from  the  hospital  -svhere  he  had  been  for  treatment  but  has  not 
yet  done  so.  If  this  be  the  case  he  is  a  deserter  or  an  absentee 
without  leave  and  liable  to  be  airested  accordingly(2*) 

Mallett  had  sent  Latta's  paper  to  the  Conscript  Bureau  for  instruc- 
tions. 

Latta  wasn't  the  only  conscript  to  claim  exemption  from  militai7 
duty  as  a  "State  Officer."  On  June  9,  Jesse  E.  Borden,  a  constable 
appointed  at  the  February  term  of  court  in  Sampson  County,  had 
been  consaipted  on  Maich  22.  He  had  been  taken  to  Raleigh  "and 
was  sent  to  the  6th  Regt.  N.  C.  T.  -where  I  have  ben  till  the  battle 
of  Plymouth."  Borden  had  been  wounded  in  tlie  engagement  and 
sent  to  the  Confederate  General  Hospital  at  Goldsboro.  He  wanted 
the  governor  to  let  him  know  whether  he  was  "Exempt  or  not  or 
whether  I  am  entitled  to  Exemption  or  not."  Even  with  the  national 
emergency  some  men  still  exhibited  a  notable  lack  of  patriotism.fi^ 

Events  now  moved  rapidly  towards  a  showdown  between  Lee  and 
Grant.  Both  armies  were  busily  maneuvering  in  the  vicinity  of  Rich- 
mond. Lee,  anxious  to  obtain  all  the  reinforcements  for  his  decimated 
anny  that  he  could  get,  wrote  to  Bragg  early  on  the  morning  of 
May  24: 

It  is  reported  that  the  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment  and 
First  North  Carolina  Battalion,  Hoke's  brigade,  and  Third  Vir- 
ginia Regiment,  Kemper's  brigade,  did_not  accompany  their 
brigades.  Please  send  them  if  practicable(^ 

Bragg  for^varded  Lee's  request  to  Beauregard,  asking  for  an  expla- 
nation, and  -(vas  quickly  assured  that  "the  Third  Virginia  and  the 
Sixth  North  Carolina  have  already  been  ordered  to  their  respective 

brigades."(2>' 

On  May  26,  the  Sixth  rejoined  the  remainder  of  Lewis'  brigade 
idiich  was  stationed  in  line  of  battle  "a  little  to  the  north  of  Hanover 
Junction."  The  regimental  historian,  Captain  Neill  W.  Ray,  proudly 
wrote, 

"We  -ss-ere  back  with  the  army  of  Northern  Virginia  again{3^ 

The  men  were  now  kept  busy  with  constant  skimiishing  along  all 
sections  of  the  line,  although  no  one  seemed  to  expect  a  general 
ensasrement.  As  Grant  moved  forward  toi\'ard  Richmond  the  Sixth 


In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan  207 

was  withdrawn  from  Hanover  Junction  to  the  line  of  earthworks 
along  Totopotomoy  Creek,  near  Bethesda  Church.  Here  the  fighting 
in  the  trenches  continued,  a  type  of  ^varfare  which  wore  do\\'n  the 
morale  of  the  weaker  annyCi^ 

The  regiment  was  posted  in  this  position  on  Sunday  evening, 
May  29,  with  three  of  its  companies  on  the  skinnish  line.  The  firing 
was  heavy  until  dark,  when  it  slackened  off  and  a  general  silence  fell 
upon  the  line.  Early  in  the  morning  of  the  30th,  the  skirmish  com- 
panies were  ordered  to  withdraw  into  die  main  line.  The  action  that 
followed  is  described  by  Captain  Ray,  commanding  Company  D,  one 
of  the  skirmish  companies: 

.  .  .  hardly  had  we  gotten  back  to  the  regiment  ivhen  orders 
were  brought  ...  to  take  the  men  back  to  the  same  skirmish  line, 
and  hold  it  imtil  heavily  pressed  by  the  enemy;  and,  as  they 
pressed  us,  to  fall  back  to  the  main  line.  W^e  ivere  soon  in  our 
place,  and  it  was  not  long  before  the  enemy  came  up  in  force  in 
our  front,  and  as  far  as  we  could  see  to  our  right  and  to  our  left. 
We  were  on  the  north  side  of  the  creek,  along  the  brow  of  the 
hill;  in  front  of  us  was  a  level  field,  in  our  rear  was  a  valley  which 
had  been  cleared  for  cultivation,  and  the  groimd  sloped  from  our 
line  back  to  the  rim  of  the  creek,  and  then  up  on  the  south  side, 
which  was  wooded,  back  to  our  main  line  on  the  blow  of  the  hill. 
The  skirmishing  soon  became  furious  all  along  the  line.  In  falling 
back  our  part  of  the  line  had  to  averse  the  cleared  ground  imtil 
we  began  to  ascend  the  slope  on  the  south  side  of  the  creek,  and 
the  enemy,  who  rushed  to  the  brow  of  the  hill,  poured  a  destruc- 
tive [fire]  into  us(^ 

Ray  moved  from  the  left  to  the  right  of  his  line,  -ivhen  he  was  hit 
in  die  ankle  by  a  minnie  ball.  Fearing  that  he  might  be  captured,  he 
called  upon  his  troops  to  can-y  him  to  the  rear.  Three  or  four  men 
came  forward,  lifted  Ray  in  their  arms,  and  canied  him  back  until 
the  goup  met  the  stretcher-bearers.  Ray  described  the  rest  of  his  stoi-y 
in  the  third  person; 

He  was  then  carried  by  them  to  the  ambulance-station,  and 
thence  to  the  hospital,  and  there,  ^vhen  his  turn  came,  he  was 
placed  on  the  operating  table,  and  ^^•hen  he  woke  up  his  left 
foot  ■(vas  gone — the  surgeons  said  amputation  was  necessaiy. 

This  around-,  ended  Ray's  sen'ice  as  an  active  soldier  in  the  Sixth 
Regiment.(ZV 

Captain  Ray  wasn't  the  only  officer  to  fall  during  these  days  of 
bitter  skirmishing.  On  June  7,  Lieutenant  Bartlett  Yancey  Mebane, 
commanding  Company  F,  was  mortally  wounded  near  Cold  Harbor. 
The  sinister  effects  of  attrition,  partially  overcome  after  Rappahan- 


208  The  Bloody  Sixth 

nock  Station,  were  again  making  themsehes  felt,  especially  among  the 
regimental  line  officers.  By  mid-June  the  regiment  A\as  faced  with  a 
"very  serious  lack  of  officers."  There  were  only  seven  line  officers  left, 
owing  to  the  "captures  of  last  November"  and  the  casualties  suffered 
in  the  fiehtina  at  Bethesda  Church  and  Second  Cold  Harbor.  In  order 
to  offset  this  problem.  Colonel  Tate  \note  North  Carolina  Adjutant 
General  Richard  C.  Gatlin,  urging  the  promotion  of  Captain  Richard 
Watson  York  to  the  rank  of  major.  York,  a  brilliant  orator  and  son 
of  noted  Methodist  clerg^'man  and  educator  Brantley  York,  had  com- 
manded Company  I  since  the  beginning  of  the  war.  He  had  been 
under  consideration  for  a  promotion  for  some  time.  Tate  considered 
the  delay  in  promoting  him  so  serious  that  it  "has  already  done  him 
injury."  In  presenting  York's  claim  Tate  \vrote, 

The  Captain  has  been  giving  me  valuable  aid  for  near  a  year 
now,  as  an  acting  Field  Officer.  His  bearing  at  Gettysburg  & 
during  the  campaigns  following^has  lieen  such  as  to  merit  my 
warm  gratitude  and  admirationljP 

York  was  promoted,  although  the  order  promoting  him  has  been  lost.' 
Other  men  were  seeking  advancement,  but  not  possibly  of  the 
same  type.  Captain  N.  A.  Ramsey,  A\ho  had  succeeded  Neill  W.  Ray 
in  the  command  of  Company  D,  wrote  Governor  Vance  from  Cold 
Harbor  on  June  8: 

I  see  by  the  papers  that  the  Legislature  has  authorized  vou  to 
appoint  an  agent  to  attend  to  the  collection  bounty,  pay,  Sec,  of 
deed,  soldiers. @) 

Ramsey  wanted  the  appointment.  In  fact,  he  felt  that  he  could  fill 
the  position  "most  efficiently  &;  satisfactorily  to  all  concerned."  He 
had  sened  in  the  army  for  nearly  three  vears,  but  woukbi't  accept 
the  appointment  if  "I  though  the  war  ivould  last  for  any  considerable 
length  of  time."  He  presented  good  references:  ex-Governor  Charles 
Manly;  Judge  George  E.  Badger:  young  politician  and  future  uni- 
versity president,  Kemp  P.  Battle;  and  J.  F.  Rogers — all  residents  of 
Raleigh.  Manly  added  a  postscript  to  Ramsey's  letter:  "I  believe  that 
Capt.  Ramsey  is  well  qualified  for  the  office."  Although  there  is  no 
evidence  that  Ramsey  received  the  appointment,  it  is  interesting  to 
obsen'e  the  influence  held  by  some  members  of  the  Sixth.  (^ 

A  change  was  in  the  wind  in  late  May,  a  change  -ivhich  -ivould  have 
a  direct  influence  upon  the  regiment.  On  May  31,  Major  General 
Jubal  Anderson  Early,  fornierly  commanding  the  division  in  which 
the  Sixth  served,  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  lieutenant  general  and 
assigned  to  the  command  of  Ewell's  old  Second  Corps.  This  promotion 
was  given   to  Early   after   the   temporary   retirement   of   E^v-ell   from 


d 


'ti\ 


In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan  209 

active  field  duty.  Brigadier  General  Stephen  Dodson  Ramseur  was 
placed  in  command  of  Early's  division,  this  action  also  to  be  eliective 
on  the  31st.  The  young  Lincoln  County  officer  was  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  major  general  on  June  ^C^^ 

Ramseur  had  been  born  in  Lincolnton,  North  Carolina  on  May  31, 
1837.  He  attended  Davidson  College  and  the  United  States  Military 
Academy  at  \Vest  Point,  where  he  graduated  with  the  class  of  1860.  He 
resigned  his  commission  on  April  6,  1861,  and  entered  the  Confederate 
service  as  captain  of  the  Ellis  Light  Artillery,  a  Raleigh  battery. 
Almost  his  first  official  function  was  to  lead  his  unit  in  Governor  Ellis' 
funeral  at  Raleigh  on  July  10,  1861,  a  sad  e\ent  in  which  the  Sixth 
Regiment  also  participated.  In  the  spring  of  1862,  he  reported  for 
service  ^vith  General  John  B.  Magruder,  then  at  Yorktown,  Virginia. 
In  April.  1862,  he  was  elected  to  the  colonelcy  of  the  Forty-ninth 
North  Carolina,  -^vhich  he  ably  led  during  the  Seven  Days  Battles.  He 
T\'as  badly  ^vounded  at  Malvern  Hill  on  July  1,  1862,  and  received  a 
commission  as  brigadier  general  on  November  1,  1862.  He  succeeded 
General  George  B.  Anderson,  ^\ho  had  been  mortally  A\'Oinided  at 
Sharpsbing,  in  the  command  of  the  latter's  North  Carolina  brigade. 
He  fought  -ivith  distinction  at  Chancellorsville,  but  was  ^vounded 
again.  After  this,  he  fought  through  all  the  battles  of  the  Second 
Army  Corps,  and  ^\'as  \vounded  a  third  time  at  Spotsylvania  Court 
House.  "When  Ramseur  received  his  commission  as  major  general, 
the  day  after  his  fiventy-seventh  birthday,  he  \vas  the  yotuigest  West 
Pointer  to  attain  that  rank  in  the  Confederate  service.  The  Sixth 
Regiment  was  forttuiate  to  be  in  the  division  commanded  by  such  a 
man.  Both  Ramsetir  and  Early,  though  not  ^vithout  certain  short-^^ 
comings,  were  very  able  men,  as  the  future  woidd  amply  demonstrate.C^:7 

In  early  Jtme,  the  Sixth  Regiment  ivas  posted  in  strong  fortifica- 
tions near  the  Mechanicsville  Road,  nine  miles  northeast  of  Richmond. 
The  position  was  near  the  Chickahominy  River  at  a  point  kno^vn  as 
Chickahominy  BlufiF,  \vhere  strong  Confederate  trenches  can  still  be 
seen.  Entrenchments  of  the  two  armies  ^vere  six  himdred  yards  apart 
at  this  point,  across  the  Chickahominy  River  in  a  neighboring"  SA\'amp, 
but  heavy  cannonading  and  skimiishing  on  the  skirmish  lines  was 
continued  "incessantly  from  daylight  until  dark."  The  Union  forces 
occasionally  attacked  the  breastworks,  but  were  ahvays  reptdsed  by 
the  men  in  the  Sixth,  usually  with  heavy  loss.  The  regiment  didn't 
participate  in  the  attacks  of  Generals  Rodes  and  Gorclon  upon  the 
;  Union  right  flank  at  Bethesda  Church  on  June  2.  Rodes  and  Gordon 
succeeded  in  turning  the  Union  right  flank  and  in  "capturing  about 
i  500  prisoners,  and  killing  a  gieat  many  and  driving  them  otit  of 
three  lines  of  Breastworks."  The  men  did  engage  in  a  sharp  skirmish 
on  Monday,  May  30,  in  which  tAvo  men  of  Company  K  were  wounded. 
John  Barton  was  -ivounded  in  the  shoulder  and  Levi  ^Valker  was  shot 


210  The  Bloody  Sixth 

in  the  leg.  This  A\as  the  same  skimiish  in  -(shich  Captain  Ray  was 
womided.  (fV 

On  June  4,  John  K.  Walker  wrote, 

The  cannonading  and  skimiishing  is  raging  furiously  while 
I  write.  Our  troops  are  in  good  Breastworks  and  in  fine  spirits 
just  waiting  for  the  Yankees  to  come  on  us,  and  we  ship  thenv. 
every  time  they  attack  us  and  getting  plenty  of  evei^thing  to  eatLi 

Walker  ^\'as  in  fine  spirits,  believing  that  "we  \vill  fight  out  this  ^\'ar 
now  before  we  stop."  He  felt  that  Lee  and  Beauregard  were  "giving 
old  Grant  fits,"  and  were  definitely  "the  men  to  work  Grant."  Walker 
even  had  time  to  remind  his  family  about  a  blanket  and  a  haversack 
he  had  sent  from  North  Carolina.  He  didn't  want  the  younger  mem- 
bers of  his  family  to  use.-.;^ny  more  of  my  old  ink  and  that  cinamon 
but  take  care  of  them.'Cfi/ 

The  fighting  soon  died  down  as  the  armies  rested  from  their 
exertions  at  Cold  Harbor.  General  Ramseur,  division  commander  for 
the  Sixth,  wrote  to  his  wife  on  Jime  9: 

We  have  been  quiet  all  day.  No  artillei")'  &:  very  little  musketry 
along  our  lines.  I  have  been  asleep  for  hours. 

It  was  qiugts.along  the  Chickaliominy,  but  a  great  adventure  ^vas  about 
to  beginCil:^ 

Lee  hoped  to  make  a  diversion  against  the  Union  forces  under 
General  David  Hunter  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley  and  possibly  threaten 
Washington  city.  By  doing  this,  Union  pressure  on  his  lines  in  front 
of  Richmond  would  be  relieved.  Accordingly,  he  ordered  Early  to 
move  to  the  valley  with  the  Second  Army  Corps.  On  June  11,  the 
corps  ^vas  moved  to  the  rear  of  A.  P.  Hill's  Third  Army  Corps,  near 
Gaines's  Mill.  On  the  12th  Early  received  orders  to  march.  Two 
battalions  of  artillery  were  ordered  to  accompany  Early's  8,000  infan- 
try. Brigadier  Geperal  Armistead  Long  was  placed  in  over-all  command 
of  the  artillery,  (ty 

At  3:00  in  the  morning  of  June  13,  the  column  began  its  march, 
through  Louisa  Court  House  and  to  the  banks  of  the  Rivanna  River 
near  Charlottesville.  By  the  evening  of  the  16th,  the  road-^\eai-y 
infantry  wsls  encamped  near  Charlottesville,  early  enough  for  William 
G.  Lewis,  Brigade  Commander  of  the  Sixth,  to  write  his  wife: 

You  see  by  the  date  of  tliis  letter  that  we  have  done  some 
vei-y  quick  marching  since  I  last  wrote.  I  think  we  ^dll  capture 
Hunter  &  his  entire  force  in  a  few  days.  We  have  a  plenty  of  men, 
&  they  are  good  ones.  I  don't  think  there  ivill  hardly  be  a  fight. ( 


L\  THE  Field  Against  Sheridan  211 

Le-(\-is  didn't  \vant  his  ^^'ife  to  be  uneasy  about  him.  He  feh  certain 
that  "Hunter  will  not  give  us  battle."  The  Confederate  brigadier  also 
felt  that  the  "war  will  end  this  Fall,"  presumably  ^\ith  a  Confederate 
victoi'y.  It  was  good  to  express  such  confidence,  but  there  was  still 
much  fighting  to  be  done.(35^ 

We  have  few  records  from  the  men  in  the  Sixth  Regiment  during 
this  period,  since  it  was  late  in  the  war  and  Confederate  regimental 
records  are  rare  for  the  period.  Still,  we  can  trace  their  progress  from 
the  records  of  men  in  other  regiments  of  Ramseur's  division.  C.  C. 
Blacknall,  Colonel  of  the  Tiventy-third  North  Carolina,  desmbed 
Early's  movement  against  Hunter,  who  was  advancing  upon  Lynch- 
burg from  Lexington,   in   the  Shenandoah  Valley.    Blacknall  ^vrote, 

'W'e  left  Richmond  on  the  ISth  inst,  marched  night  &  day  to 
Charlottesville,  thence  by  Railroad  to  Lynchburg  ^vhere  we 
aiTived  just  in  time  to  save  the  city  from  capture  as  Hunter  with 
a  large  army  was  marching  on  the  place  S:  was  already  shelling 
the  city  8:  the  forces  on  the  outskirts  (Breckinridge's  Division)  . 
We  went  hastily  to  the  front  &  engaged  the  enemy  at  once,  drove 
him  back  &  established  our  line  of  fortifications  21/9  miles  from 
town,  the  next  day  enemy  advanced  in  strong  force  attacked  us 
in  front  of  my  Brigade  &:  made  a  charge  on  our  lines  but  were 
repulsed  in  splendid  style  by  the  12th  and  23rd  Regts.  We  killed 
&  wounded  &  captured  a  large  number  &  lost  but  a  single  man  in 
my  Regt.  The  boys  from  our  neighborhood  all  -^vell  &:  unhurt./^ 

By  June  20,  Hunter  had  had  enough.  He  began  to  retreat  to^vards 
the  line  of  the  Virginia  and  Tennessee  Railroad  through  Liberty  and 
Buford's  Gap  in  the  Blue  Ridge.  Early's  Confederates  follo^sed, 
marching  as  rapidly  as  possible,  until  Hunter  attempted  to  delay 
their  pursuit  at  Bedford,  twenty-five  miles  ivest  of  Lyndiburg.  Here, 
General  Lewis  was  ordered  to  take  one  of  his  regiments  and  drive  the 
enemy  through  the  town.  The  men  charged  upon  the  rear  of  the 
Union  column  "shooting  them  do^\n  on  every  side,  Sc  leaving  the 
dead  &  -svounded  lying  on  die  \en-  doorsteps  of  houses  tliat  they  ^\'ere 
engaged  in  robbing  i\'hen  we  made  the  attack."  The  women  of  the 
town  lined  the  streets  and  cheered  the  Confederates  with  hurrahs  for 
Jeff  Davis.  The  cheering  was  accompanied  by  the  anxious  waving  of 
handkerchiefs  and  the  urging  of  the  Confederates  to  press  on.  Ihe 
women  seemed  oblivious  to  the  danger  created  by  the  battle  going  on 
in  front  of  them.  Although  Confederate  officers  urged  them  to  "retire 
to  their  cellars  for  safety,"  they  disregarded  all  entreaties  and  con- 
tinued to  greet  the  advancing  column.  The  excited  ladies  even 
pointed  out  the  retreating  enemy  and  urged  the  Confederate  infantry 
"on  to  the  pursuit."  Blacknall  wrote. 


212  The  Bloody  Sixth 

.  .  .  such  excitement  &  such  a  route  I  have  never  before  wit- 
nessed, fi^. 


Liberty  had  other  attractions  which  absorbed  the  interest  of  some 
of  the  men.  Lewis  wrote, 

...  I  have  met  with  a  good  many  very  nice  young  ladies  up 
here,  &:  have  payed  them  some  attention.  Since  I  have  been  nrar- 
ried  my  opinion  of  the  female  character  has  been  very  much 
raised,  &:  I  believe  I  like  to  be  with  the  ladies  more  now  than 
ever.  In  fact,  Mitte,  your  true  &  estimable  traits  have  led  me  to 
believe  that  a  true  ivoman  is  next  to  an  angel.  But  the  thought 
will  sometimes  intrude  itself  that  they  are  not,  as  a  class,  as  good 
as  you.  And  I  am  compelled  to  sav  that  I  do  not  believe  they 
are.'  .  .  .(3) 

The  piusuit  continued  through  Salem,  sixty-five  miles  west  of 
Lynchburg,  with  the  Confederates  marching  day  and  night  through 
immense  clouds  of  dust,  which  limited  their  visibility  in  sotne  cases 
to  ten  feet.  Strong  men  fell  unconscious  from  exhaustion  and  fatigue 
created  by  dust  and  the  intense  heat.  The  march  wore  out  men's  socks 
and  altered  their  appearance.  Their  skin  became  sunburned,  while 
beards  and  hair  were  left  untrimmed.  At  Cave  Gap,  west  of  Salem 
in  a  spur  of  the  Alleghenies,  Hunter  again  delayed  the  Confederates. 
Early's  men  captured  eleven  pieces  of  artiller)'  and  many  horses  and 
wagons,  all  "ivith  very  little  loss  on  our  side."  In  spite  of  this  success 
Hunter  made  his  escape-jnto  the  moimtains,  thereby  th^\-arting  Early's 
plans  to  destroy  him.Lj-^ 

Failing  to  crush  Hunter,  Early  turned  his  column  north  towards 
the  Shenandoah  Valley  in  an  effort  to  fulfill  the  second  part  of  his 
orders.  The  men  marched  rapidly  north^vard  covering  from  twenty 
to  twenty-five  miles  a  day.  They  reached  Buchanan,  on  the  James 
River,  on  June  23.  Le^vis  wrote. 

This  is  a  most  romantic  place,  but  we  ^vill  not  be  allowed  to 
enjoy  its  beauty  long,.^  for  we  are  ordered  to  leave  at  4  o'clock 
tomoiTow  morning. r^^ 


Continuing  their  long  march  the  men  marched  through  Coziers 
and  Botetourt  Springs  to  Natural  Bridge.  The  sight  of  the  huge  span 
of  rock  dirilled  many  of  the  men,  especially  die  piedmont  North 
Carolinians  wh.o  were  unused  to  the  mountains.  Blacknall  described 
the  scene: 

We  marched  our  whole  army  to  the  place,  stacked  arms  &j 
gave  our  men  time  to  go  do^^•n  &:  examine  this  great  work  of  the  ( 
Creator.  It  was  a  grand  sight  to  see  thousands  of  our  soldiersji 
covered  ivith  dust  .   .  .   beneath  this  grand  structiue  examining [( 


In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan  213 

its  wonderful  proportions  &  sending  up  cheer  after  cheer,  as  our 
Brass  Bands  played  beneath  the  immense  arch.{£^ 

At  Lexington  the  scene  was  different.  Here  the  men  passed  by  the 
grave  of  "Stone-svall"  Jackson  with  reversed  arms,  keeping  time  to  the 
"solemn  music  of  banks."  The  gra\e  was  co\ered  with  fresh  flowers, 
gi^'ing■  rise  to  deep  feelings  among  the  men  ^vho  had  sened  under  the 
dead  general.  Le\\is  wrote, 

Vou  ha\e  no  idea  what  feelings  passed  over  me  as  I  A\ent  by 
his  grave.  There  lay  the  great  Christian  patriot — &  soldier,  the 
unsurpassed  ^varrior  of  his  time,  cold  in  death,  &  as  hannless  as 
the  flowers  that  covered  his  grave.  .\nd  the  thought  that  Yankee 
vandals  had  passed  o\er  his  gTa\'e,  ivho  could  ne\er  stand  before 
him  while  alive,  &  passed  in  triimiph  as  conquerors,  stirred  feel- 
ings within  me,  that  I  at  least,  would  strike  the  hardest  blows  in 
my  po^\'er  to  pre\'ent  such  an  occurence  again./jTl 

Lewis  believed  that  some  of  Jackson's  spirit  Avas  instilled  into  the  men 
of  his  brigade — "those  hardy  veterans  who  had  followed  him  in  so 
manv  hard  marches,  &  fought  \\ith  him  on  so  manv  stubborn  btit 
victorious  fields. '(^i> 

The  citizens  of  Lexington  greeted  Early's  army  with  spirit  and 
rejoicing.  According  to  one  Avriter,  thev  were  happy  to  be  "relieved 
from  Yankee  rtile."  But  the  Confedeiate  athance  did  not  end  in 
Lexington.  It  continued  up  the  Valley  Turnpike  toward  Staunton,  a 
route  that  ^vas  lined  with  prett)'  ladies,  residents  of  the  suiTOunding 
countn',  who  welcomed  the  men  by  waving  white  handkerchiefs  and 
smiling  sueetlv  "at  the  "boys'  who  had  rid  them  of  the  Yankee 
plunderers  &  thie^■es."  The  march  \\'as  nearly  an  ovation.  The  greeting 
was  noticed  by  all  the  soldiers,  but  especially  by  Brigade  Com- 
mander Lewis  who  "paid  considerable  attention"  to  some  of  the  young 
ladies  on  the  route.  He  liked  the  company  of  women.,^s  he  explained 
it,  "now  better  than  I  did  before  I  was  married."  (^9y 

The  men  arrived  in  Staunton  for  a  brief  rest  and  an  opportunity 
to  prepare  for  the  long  march  ahead.  A  rumor  was  in  the  air  that  they 
would  march  into  Pennsylvania  or,  at  least,  try  to  capture  AYashington 
city.  Everyone  was  "delighted  ^\-ith  a  visit  to  the  enemys  country." 
Orders  \\ent  out  to  send  back  the  baggage  wagons.  Blacknall  T\'as 
forced  to  leave  his  company  headquarters  wagon,  "which  has  hereto- 
fore carried  m)  pri\ate  baggage."  From  no^v  on,  his  saddle  bags  had 
to  be  sufficient  since  they  would  be  the  "onlv  means  of  carrying 
clothing."(V^ 

In  spite  of  these  hardships  and  the  exhausting  march,  the  beauty 
of  the  Shenandoah  Valley  did  not  go  lumoticed.  General  Early  -w^as  so 
impressed  that  he  -wrote  nearly  four  pages  of  description  in  his  Aiitn- 


214  The  Bloody  Sixth 

biography.  Lewis  described  it  as  "one  of  the  most  beautiful  countries 
in  the  world,  and  teeming  with  the  prettiest  ladies  you  ever  saw." 
Blacknall  was  impressed  by  the  richness  of  the  soil  and  the  amoimt  of 
supplies  which  the  valley  was  able  to  furnish  Early's  army.  He 
ardently  described  the  scene: 

The  crops  are  splendid,  the  v\heat  better  than  ever  before  & 
the  whole  counti-y  one  vast  meadow,  the  thousands  of  horses 
which  we  have  with  us,  barely  making  an  impression  on  the  vast 
hay  &;  grass  fields.^/") 

Blacknall  often  went  into  the  country  around  Staunton  to  get  his 
meals  and  was  always  treated  with  kindness  by  the  hospitable  people 
who  furnished  him  with  "quantities  of  milk  &  butter  without  charge." 
All  this  beauty  was  great  compensation  for  the  noise  and  confusion 
of  camp  as  the  anny  prepared  to  march  forward  into  the  enemy's 
counti-y.  Finally  the  baggage  had  been  sorted  and  packed,  the  mails 
had  been  discontinued,  and  the  "hundred  little  things"  which  were 
necessary  to  prepare  an  army  for  the  march  had  been  comj^leted.  The 
cohunn  was  ready  to  march  again — to  the  North.  C^ 

As  the  men  marched  toward  Winchester,  ninety  miles  north  of 
Staiuiton,  they  were  continually  impressed  by  the  beauty  of  the 
valley.  The  only  thing  to  impair  the  scene  was  the  presence  of  a 
"long  &:  protracted  draught"  which  had  "blighted"  everything.  On 
June  27  it  rained,  for  the  first  time  since  the  expedition  had  left 
Richmond.  This  aided  the  wheat  crop,  but  came  too  late  to  help  the 
corn  and  the  family  gardens  which  were  seen  everywhere.  The  loss 
was  not  too  serious,  at  least  in  the  mind  of  one  North  Carolina 
farmer.  Colonel  Blacknall.  He  -ivrote, 

.  as  the  wheat  crop  is  superabundant  &  corn  is  but  little  ^,|,j 
needed,  the  loss  of  the  crop  will  not  be  seriously  felt.  The  fanners,i 
are  not  able  to  save  one-tenth  of  the  grass  crop  for  want  of  labor(_^ 

The  march  continued  through  intense  heat  and  clouds  of  dust 
which  choked  men  and  obsciued  vision.  After  passing  through  Win- 
chester Early  moved  against  Union  General  Franz  Sigel  at  Harper's 
Fen-y.  The  enemy  was  driven  through  the  town  onto  the  commanding 
eminence  of  Mai-yland  Heights  on  the  north  or  Maryland  side  of  the 
Potomac.  The  Conferedates  then  destroyed  portions  of  the  Baltimore  il  q 
and  Ohio  Railroad,  some  public  property,  "&  took  along  with  us  as 
much  of  the  supplies  as  we  cotdd  cany."  The  rest  was  burned.  Dining 
this  movement  Lewis'  brigade  was  held  in  the  rear  of  the  array  and 
kept  on  Bolivar  Heights  until  late  in  the  afternoon  of  |idy  7.  It 
rejoined  Ramseiu's  division,  which  had  advanced   through  Martins- 


In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan  215 

burg,  at  Sharpsburg,  Maiyland  on  July  8.  Spirits  were  high  when  the 
men  moved  into  Maryland.  General  Ramseur  exclaimed  to  his  wife: 

I  cannot  tell  how  long  we  will  be  absent  from  the  "Con- 
federacy." You  must  not  feel  luieasy.  .  .  .  ^Ve  are  doing  vei7  well, 
but  have  plenty  of  hard  ^vork  to  do.  .  .         " 


On  the  morning  of  July  9,  Early's  advance  marched  through 
Frederick,  driving  a  force  of  Union  cavalry  [part  of  the  Ninth  New 
York]  before  them.  As  the  Sixth  Regiment  marched  through  the  town, 
the  citizens  taunted  them  ^\ith  the  cry,  "Go  ahead!  You  will  soon  meet 
regular  soldiers."  The-^^ien  replied:  "All  right,  they  are  the  fellows 
we  are  hunting  for.v_-5rhe  regular  soldiers  which  the  townspeople 
were  talking  about  consisted  of  a  force  of  about  3,000  hastily-collected 
infantry  under  Major  General  hew  Wallace.  These  troops  were  posted 
on  the  east  side  of  the  Monocacy  River,  a  small  stream  which  flows 
from  southern  Pennsyhania  through  central  Maryland  and  passes 
immediately  east  of  Frederick.  Wallace  had  been  able  to  collect  a 
force  of  militia  which  had  been  reinforced  by  the  Third  Division  of 
the  Sixth  Anny  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  commanded  by  Brigadier 
General  James  B.  Ricketts,  commander  of  the  battery  -(vhich  tlie 
Sixth  Regiment  had  captured  at  First  Manassas  on  a  similar  siunmer's 
day  three  years  before.  Noav  the  Sixth  was  to  meet  Ricketts  again, 
and  uet  the  better  of  him  aoain./*v 

Early  sent  General  John  McCausland's  cavah-y  brigade  to  find  a 
ford  across  the  river  above  Wallace's  right  flank.  The  news  he  re- 
ceived upon  McCausland's  return  was  encouraging.  Ramseur's  division 
was  advanced  against  the  enemy's  center  in  an  effective  demonstration, 
while  Gordon  moved  rapidly  across  the  Monocacy  and  attacked  hi/ 
flank.  During  the  frontal  demonstration,  the  Twenty-third  North 
Carolina  ivas  detached  to  dihe  the  enemy  from  a  strip  of  woods 
along  the  river  bank.    Blacknall  described  the  scene: 

AVe  performed  the  task  splendidly,  charging  through  the  -^voods 
R:  driving  the  enemy  back  to  their  fortifications  at  the  Railroad, 
where  they  took  refuge  in  a  block-house  constructed  of  hea\ry 
timbers  at  the  depot.  I  then  charged  them  in  this  position  going 
within  20  ft  of  the  house  in  which  they  were  posted  but  finding 
it  impossible  to  carry  it  by  storm,  we  fell  back  to  await  reinforce- 
ments. I^j 

Gordon's  men  attacked  Wallace's  right  flank  and  caused  the  enemy 
to  break  and  run.  Johnston's  brigade  of  Ramseur's  division  moved 
across  the  river  and  completed  the  route.  Many  prisoners  were  cap- 
tured while  the  Union  camp,  including  Wallace's  headquarters,  was 
plundered.  The  pursuit  was  continued  for  four  miles  in  the  direction 
of  Baltimore  until  Early  ordered  his  men  to  return  to  camp  on  the 


216  The  Bloody  Sixth 

banks  of  the  Monocacy.  The  Confederates  had  won  a  hollow  or 
Pyrrhic  victory.  Besides  suffering  casualties  which  numbered  nearly 
seven  hundred  men,  including  Brigadier  General  Clement  A.  Evans 
who  was  Avounded,  the  expedition  had  lost  a  precious  day.  There  is 
no  record  of  the  losses  sustained  by  the  Sixth  Regiment  in  this  en- 
gagement. In  spite  of  everything,  the  men  of  the  Second  Corps  ^vere 
exhilarated  by  their  victon'.  General  Lewis  wrote. 


(4<1) 
We  Avhipped  the  Yankees  beautifully  at  Frederick  Md.v^ 

On  July  10,  the  march  continued  through  the  most  unfriendly 
state  of  Maryland.  As  John  K.  Walker  exclaimed,  "The  people  of 
Md.  show  less  sympathy  for  us  than  A\hen  ^ve  were  first  in  there." 
Even  so,  Walker  found  that  some  sympathy  for  the  Confederate  cause 
still  existed.  He  wrote  two  letters  to  his  brother  Bill,  a  prisoner  at 
Point  Lookout,  and  left  them  "at  two  Secesh  House[s]."  The  in- 
habitants of  these  homes  had  sons  in  the  Confederate  Army  and 
promised  to  mail  the  letters  "with  the  gieatest  pleasure."  Walker  was 
doing  -w-ell,  except  for  the  fact  that  he  hadn't  heard  froniJiome  in 
nearly  two  months  and  didn't  like  the  di^,  dusty  ^veather.  \^ 

As  the  column  marched  through  Rockville  on  the  afternoon  of 
July  10,  the  heat  continued  to  be  intense.  The  dust  rose  in  clouds, 
covering  men,  horses,  cannons,  and  other  military  equipment  with 
fine  powder.  In  spite  of  this  obstacle,  the  men  marched  a  distance 
of  thirty  miles  before  a  halt  ^vas  called.  The  march  was  continued  on 
the  morning  of  the  1 1  th  to^vards  the  fortifications  of  Washington 
which  circled  the  city.  As  the  men  struggled  through  the  heat  on  the 
Seventh  Street  Pike,  they  encountered  the  same  conditions  ■which  had 
plagued  them  since  they  had  left  Lexington.  Early  described  the 
scene: 

.  .  .  the  day  \vas  so  excessively  hot,  even  at  a  very  early  hour 
in  the  morning,  and  the  dust  so  dense,  that  many  of  the  njfn  fell 
by  the  way,  and  it  became  necessai7  to  slacken  our  pace.  ^ 

By  the  afternoon  of  the  1 1  th,  the  dome  of  the  Federal  Capitol 
became  visible.  Soon  the  fortifications  along  the  Seventh  Street  Pike 
loomed  up  before  the  weary  men. 

Early  found  these  to  be  "very  strong"  and  built  "vei^  scientifically." 
They  "consisted  of  a  circle  of  enclosed  forts,  connected  by  breast- 
works, Avith  ditches,  palisades,  and  abatis  in  front,  and  every  approach 
swept  by  a  cross-fire  of  artillery,  including  some  heavy  gims."  The 
principal  fort  in  front  of  the  Confederates  ^vas  named  Fort  Stevens, 
a  strong  works  which  wdA  supported  by  Fort  Reno  some  distance  to 
the  left.   Early   threw  out  a   line  of  skirmishers   and   made   plans   to 


at 
£irlv 
Burse 
'fall 


In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan  217 

nK)ve  his  men  forward  in  a  general  attack.  Soon  the  Confederates 
were  engaged  in  heavy  skimiishing  ^vith  the  city's  defenders,  although 
no  general  attack  was  made.  Night  came  and  the  exhausted  men  slept 
on  their  arms,  wondering  whether  "Old  Early"  woidd  order  a  general 
assault  in  the  morning. (j;i}2^ 

One  of  the  two  letters  that  John  K.  Walker  ivrote  to  his  younger 
brother  "Billie"  was  ^vritten  on  Jidy  7  and  presumably  sent  before 
the  Sixth  Regiment  arri^•ed  in  front  of  ^Vashington.  The  other  was 
wTitten  -while  the  regiment  was  encamped  in  front  of  old  Francis 
Blair's  house  at  Silver  Spring,  Maryland,  two  and  a  half  miles  from 
the  1854  limits  of  ^Vashington  city.  ^V^alker's  second  letter  is  well 
worth  repeating,  at  least  in  part: 

.  .  .  Billie  I  have  not  heard  from  home  in  a  month  but  all  was 
well  when  last  heard.  Tell  all  the  boys  of  your  mess  that  there 
people  are  ivell.  AV^illiam  Squires  is  well.  All  the  Boys  are  wom 
out  marching.  Our  aggxegate  in  the  co.  [K]  is  78,  and  only  37 
men  are  present.  .  .  .  Lieut.  Mavnard  is  well  Capt.  Vincent  is 
complaining.  Jim  Squires  is  -svell  Charles  [?]  is  well.  Tell  all  of  my 
old  mess  Ho^vdie  and  give  them  my  respects.  .  .  -/CrS) 

The  Confederates  remained  in  front  of  \\'ashington  throughout 
the  12th.  Their  artillerv  fired  some  shells  into  the  Union  fortifications, 
chiefly  Fort  Stevens,  while  heavy  skirmishing  continued.  Early  did 
not,  however,  make  an  assault.  He  explained  his  reasons  in  great  and 
needless  detail  in  his  official  report,  ivritten  near  Leesbin-g,  Virginia, 
on  July  14.  Possibly  his  chief  excuse  ^\as  the  arrival  of  the  Sixth  .\rmy 
Corps  from  Grant's  army,  then  in  front  of  Petersbiu'g.  The  some\\'hat 
overcautious  Confederate  explained, 

I  became  satisfied  that  the  assault,  even  in  successful,  ^vould  be 
attended  with  such  great  sacrifice  as  would  insure  the  destruction 
of  my  -(vhole  force  before  the  victory  could  have  been  made 
available,  and,  if  unsuccessfuL-4\ould  necessarily  have  resulted 
in  the  loss  of  the  ^\'hole  force. ^3^ 

Because  of  this.  Early  determined  to  retire  across  the  Potomac  "before 
it  became  too  late."  He  felt  that  the  loss  of  his  army  would  have  "a 
depressing  effect"  upon  the  Confederacy,  and  ^vould  encoin-age  the 
Union  cause.  The  disaster  might  be  "very  serious,  if  not  fatal,"  to 
the  Confederates.  Besides,  Generals  Couch,  Sigel,  and  Hunter  were 
all  at  various  jx)ints  in  the  rear  of  the  Confederates.  The  overcautious 
Early  could  have  marched  into  ^Vashington  on  the  11th — but,  of 
course,  did  not  realize  the  extent  of  his  opportimity.  The  net  result 
of  all  of  these  arguments  caused  Early  to  order  his  nien  to  \\ithdraw 
from  in  front  of  ^Vashington  on  the  night  of  July  li^X5^ 


218  The  Bloody  Sixth 

As  the  men  retraced  their  weary  steps  through  the  dust  of  southern 
Mar)'land  the  air  was  ahve  with  mixed  feehngs.  General  Lewis  took 
the  withdrawal  philosophically.  He  had  seen  the  dome  of  the  capitol 
and  concluded  that  "I  would  not  visit  such  a  detestable  black  Republi-^ 
can  place,  so  we  tinned  round  &  came  over  to  a  more  congenial  clime."  cf 
Captain  Blacknall  felt  that  the  Confederates  had  succeeded  "in  giving 
the  Yankees  ^jvorst  scare  &  causing  the  greatest  panic  of  die  war  in 
Yankeedom.'^-This  feeling  was  concun-ed  in  by  General  Early  who 
reported  to  General  Lee: 

There  was  intense  excitement  and  alarm  in  Washington  and 
Baltimore  and  all  over  the  North,  and  my  force  was  greatly  exag- 
gerated, it  being  reported  that  you  Avere  in  command,  having 
left  Beauregard  at  Petersburg. 

Early  ruefully  added.  "Washington  can  never  be  takea-by  our  troops 
unless  surprised  when  without  a  force  to  defend  it."(ii^ 

Ramseur  was  jubilant  over  the  results  of  the  expedition.  In  spite 
of  heat  and  dust  that  were  "so  great  that  our  men  could  not  possibly 
march  further,"  he  felt  that  the  Confederates  had  "accomplished  a 
good  deal  &  I  hope  will  still  do  good  work  for  oiu-  cause."  The  young 
major  general  hoped  that  his  wife  i«)uld  join  him  in  continued 
prayers  "for  independence  &  peace."  (£P 

On  July  14,  the  army  recrossed  the  Potomac  at  White's  Ford  after 
marching  through  Rockville,  Maryland.  By  that  afternoon  the  weai7 
Confederates  were  encamped  at  Leesburg,  the  county  seat  of  Loudoun 
County,  Virginia. (^ 

The  Sixth  Regiment  had  fared  ^vell  during  the  raid,  although  most 
of  the  men  were  "nearly  worn  out  marching."  They  had  covered  a 
distance  of  nearly  six  hundred  miles  since  June  13,  and  had  succeeded 
in  getting  within  "2  miles  of  Washington  City,  near  enough  to  throw 
shells  in  the  city."  John  K.  Walker  was  proud  of  this  record,  and 
jaroud  of  the  fact  that  the  Sixth  had  assisted  in  the  capture  of  "a 
great  many  horses  and  cattle."  He  wrote  his  father: 

...  I  tell  you  we  took  them  by  surprise  and  whipped  out  old 
Wallace  on  the  9th  &  on  the  1 1  th  we  were  at  Washingtor^  You 
better  knoiv  the  name  of  Ewells  Corps  is  enough  for  them.C^ 

There  was  another  point  which  was  even  more  important;  all  thai 
"boys"  who  came  from  eastern  Alamance  County  were  "well." 

On  July  15,  Early's  army  marched  from  Leesburg  toward  Win-I 
Chester  and  went  into  camp  at  Ben7ville,  on  the  western  edge  of  thcj 
Blue  Ridge  Mountains,  almost  equidistant  from  Winchester  and 
Harper's  Ferry.  During  the  march  Lewis'  brigade  engaged  in  a 
skirmish  with  a  force  of  Union  cavali7.    The  brigade  had  won  a 


In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan  219 

minor  victory,  capturing  a  piece  of  artillery  and  recapturing  some 
wagons  ^\'hich  had  been  taken  from  the  Confederates.  Lewis  felt  his 
men  would  have  captured  another  piece  of  artillery  "if  I  had  not 
been  ordered  very  peremptorily  to  go  no  further."  (j^ 

On  July  19,  Ramseur's  division  Avas  ordered  to  move  to  Stephen- 
son's Depot,  important  supply  point  northeast  of  Winchester.  There 
had  been  reports  from  General  Vaughn,  commanding  Confederate 
cavalry  in  the  vicinity,  that  a  small  Union  force  of  two  regiments,  one 
of  infantiT  and  the  other  of  cavalry,  Avas  moving  from  Martinsburg 
toward  Stephenson's  Depot.  Ramseur,  not  wishing  to  be  taken  by 
surprise,  moved  his  entire  division  towards  Martinsburg  on  July  20. 
As  the  men  mardied  fonvard,  two  brigades,  Johnston's  and  Lewis', 
were  moved  into  an  assault  position  across  the  Martinsburg  Pike.  The 
Sixth  was  ordered  to  advance  t^vo  miles  up  the  pike,  beyond  the  main 
body  of  Ramseur's  division,  where  it  formed  line  of  battle  at  the  edge 
of  a  small  woods.  Suddenly  the  enemy  appeared  in  force  and  attacked. 
The  men  in  the  Sixth  loaded  their  rifles  and  opened  fire.  Ramseur, 
attracted  by  the  firing,  soon  appeared  with  the  remainder  of  Johnston's 
and  Lewis'  brigades.  He  quickly  moved  his  infantr)'  to  within  sixty 
yards  of  the  enemy,  ^vho  ^vere  lying  down  in  an  open  field.  Stiddenly 
the  Unionists  opened  "a  severe  fire"  upon  the  Confederate  line.  Both 
of  Ramseur's  brigades  still  continuetl  to  advance,  forcing  tire  enemy 
to  begin  a  slo^v  retreat.  At  the  critical  moment  some  of  Lewis'  men 
suddenly  broke  ranks  and  ran  to  the  rear,  "in  the  most  unaccountable 
manner."  This  sudden  withdra\\-al  forced  Johnston's  line  to  also  fall 
back.  A  Confederate  artillery  battery,  ivhich  had  been  run  into  the 
front  line,  was  taken  and  two  hundred  and  fifty  men  were  killed, 
wounded,  and  captured.  The  loss  in  Lewis'  brigade  was  twenty  killed 
"and  some  wounded  &  some  prisoners."  General  Lewis  was  severely 
woimded.  Company  K  didn't  lose  a  man,  although  it  carried  twenty- 
six  men  into  the  fight,  "the  largest  Co.  in  the  Regt."C3' 

The  Confederates  withdrew  in  much  disorder  to  their  fortifications 
around  Stephenson's  Depot.  Fortunately,  the  Union  force,  commanded 
by  cavaliT  General  William  Averell,  did  not  press  the  purstiit.  During 
the  night  Ramseur  moved  his  entire  division  down  the  valley  to 
Strasburg,  some  miles  below  Winchester,  tt?-^ 

Ramseur  was  "greatly  mortified"  at  the  result  of  the  battle.  He 
believed  that  his  men  had  "behaved  shamefully."  He  confided  his 
feelings  to  his  Avife  from  Early's  headquarters  "Near  Strasburg": 

They  ran  from  the  enemy  and  for  the  first  time  in  my  life,  I 
am  deeply  mortified  at  the  comiuct  of  troops  imder  my  command. 
Had  these  men  behaved  like  my  old  Brigade  ^vould  have  done 
imder  similar  circumstances,  a  disgraceful  retreat  would  have 
been  a  brilliant  victory. 


220  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Fortunately  Ramseur  was  safe,  but  he  didn't  war^sJiis  wife  to  "men- 
tion to  anyone  the  bad  conduct  of  my  troops.' Tie  wTote  in  more 
detail  on  the  same  day,  July  23: 

The  fight  of  20th  at  Winchester  where  my  Div.  was  engaged 
ought  to  have  been  a  victoi-y.  Our  men  for  some  unaccountable 
reason  became  panic  stricken  &  after  a  fight  of  five  minutes  ran 
off  of  the  field  in  wild  disorder.  1  did  all  in  my  power  to  stop 
them,  but  it  was  impossible.  Officers  \\ho  are  acquainted  with  all 
of  the  facts  not  only  do  acquit  me  of  all  blame,  but  unhesitatingly 
declare  that  had  the  troops  behaved  with  tlieir  usual  steadiness 
we  woidd  have  gained  a  glorious  victory.(_^iv 

Ramseur  was  certain  that  he  had  done  everything  possible  to  win, 
"yet  newspaper  Editors  &  stay-at-homes,  croakers  will  sit  back  in 
safe  places  &  condemn  me."  He  hoped  that  his  wife  would  be  "little 
affected"  Jay   the  defeat,   and  wanted   her   to   "pass"    it  by   "without 


notice."  fe-' 

The  mortification  must  have  been  especially  deep  because  Ramseur 
wrote  again  on  July  28th: 

.  .  .  The  Yankees  whipped  me  the  other  day.  T'was  terribly 
hard  to  bear.  .  .  ^  _ 

Ramseiu-  was  attacked  bitterly  by  the  Virginia  press,  chiefly  on  the 
issue  of  the  disposition  of  his  troops.  He  was  ably  defended  by  his 
good  friend.  Major  General  Robert  E.  Rodes,  also  a  division  com- 
mander in  the  Second  Corps.  Rodes  wrote  General  E^vell  in  an  effort 
to  vindicate  Ramseur's  name: 

Ramseur  acted  most  heroically,  as  usual  exposed  himself  reck- 
lessly, but  could  do  nothing  with  the  men:  they  were  under  the 
influence  of  panic.  I  do  not  hesitate  to  record  my  belief  that  the 
cause  of  the  disaster  was  the  conduct  of  the  men,  and  the  prime 
cause  was  the  breaking  of  the  two  left  regiments  of  Hoke's 
brigade.  Of  course  if  Ramseur  had  put  Pegram's  brigade  in  the/| 
front  line  the  disaster  might  have  been  averted,  but  who  knoivs?*" 

Rodes  continued  with  a  strong  condenmalion  of  the  men  ivho  had 
attacked  Ramseur: 

Is  a  battle  lost  finally  because  your  enemy  outflanks  you? 
With  their  superior  opportunities,  and  urged  by  a  natvual  desire 
to  shirk  the  responsibility  for  this  disaster,  and  the  less  laudable 
one  inspired  by  this  dislike  of  Ramseur,  to  throw  the  blame  upon 
Ramseur,  the  men  and  main  officers  concerned  have  succeeded  in 
winning  public  opinion  to  their  side,  and  have  very  nearly  ruined 
Ramseur. 


In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan  221 

Rodes  felt  that  it  was  due  to  Ramseur  as  his  friend,  "and  as  an 
admirable  officer,"  to  defend  him.  He  felt  that  Ewell  would  be  able 
to  plac^the  young-  North  Carolinian  "fairly  before  his  brother  of- 
ficers."W^ow  much  the  Sixth  had  to  do  with  Ramseur's  reverse  is 
not  recorded.  Captain  Neill  W.  Ray,  the  regimental  historian,  ^\'as 
absent  in  a  Richmond  hospital.  He  used  secondhand  information  to 
record  the  engagement  in  an  implausible  manner.    He  wrote. 


The  6th  charged  single-handetl  and  fought  until  nearly  sur- 
rounded, But  the  enemy  had  overpowering  numbers,  and  the 
whole  brigade  was  outflanked,  and  all  had  to  fall  back  together. 


Ramseur's  division  marched  up  the  valley  on  the  night  of  July  20, 
the  retreat  continuing  imtil  the  men  had  reached  Strasburg.  Union 
forces  under  A\'erell  and  Hunter  advanced  to  ^Vinchester  and  began 
to  fortify  their  position.  Early  wasn't  through,  however.  He  continued 
his  campaign  of  constant  maneuver  by  advancing  upon  Winchester 
on  July  24,  in  a  surprise  move.  As  the  Confederates  approached  the 
town  Blacknall  noticed  that  the 

.  .  .  hills  &  forts  aroiuid  town  (were)  filled  with  Yankees,  we 
deployed  our  cohunns,  ordered  a  general  acfvance  &  swept  like 
an  avalanche  over  every  obstacle  driving  the  Yankees  before  us  &: 
causing  them  to  flee  for  their  lives  in  j^ery  direction,  leaving 
their  dead  and  woimded  in  our  hands.  (2?' 

Pri\ate  John  K.  Walker  ^vas  juljilant.  He  felt  that  the  enemy  loss 
had  been  "terrible  in  killed  wounded  &:  jjrisoners."  The  U*i^  in  the 
Sixth  was  slight:  none  of  the  men  in  Company  K  were  hur^^-He  wrote 
home  with  high  spirits: 

.  .  .  you  just  ought  to  seen  the  Yankees  run,  and  burn  their 
dragons  &c.  I  guess  they  cant  follow  us  any  more  soon.  Harpers 
Ferry  seems  to  be  there  only  place  of  safety  when  old  Early's  foot 
cavalry  gets  after  him.(vV/ 

The  Union  forces  fled  to  Martinsbing,  and  finally  across  the 
Potomac  into  Maryland,  leaving  the  roads  behind  them  filled  with 
trains  of  binning  wagons.  One  train,  over  a  mile  in  length,  was  so 
closely  pursued  that  it  was  set  on  fire  and  alaandoned.  The  Confed- 
erates continued  their  pursuit  into  Martinsbing  which  they  reached 
on  {uh  27.  Blacknall  commented, 

.  .  .  the  enemy  .  .  .  crossed  to  their  siclg^of  the  Potomac  leaving 
Genl.  Early  monarch  of  all  he  surveys.(^> 

Ramseur,  still  smarting  from  his  defeat  near  Stephenson's  Depot 
on  the  20th,  gloated: 


222  The  Bloody  Sixth 

.  .  .  we  paid  them  back  on  the  24th.  We  haye  driven  them 
aa-oss  the  river  &  expect  to  follow  in  a  few  daysCffc) 

For  the  moment,  the  men  were  allowed  to  rest.  Campaigning  was 
temporarily  halted  while  Ramseur's  division  was  engaged  in  tearing 
up  the  track  of  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad,  which  ran  through 
Martinsburg,  and  gathering  the  ripening  wheat  from  the  lower 
valley.  The  weather  continued  to  be  hot  and  dry,  although  John  K. 
Walker  noticed  with  a  farmer's  eye  that  the  "wheat  crops  look  hne.ClZ^ 

For  several  days  the  army  rested  at  Martinsburg.  During  this 
period  the  weai-y  men  of  the  Sixth,  thoroughly  exhausted  by  the  hard 
marching  of  the  previous  two  months,  obtained  some  badly-needed 
rest.  John  K.  Walker  was  mildly  distmbed  over  the  fact  that  he  had 
received  only  one  letter  from  home  in  the  past  month  while  he  had 
written  over  half  a  dozen.  He  didn't  want  his  family  to  make  him  any 
clothes  until  he  wrote  for  them.  Instead,  he  had  many  things  to  send 
home.  It  was  too  hot  to  march  and  carry  unneeded  equipment  along 
at  the  same  time.  He  asked  his  father  to  send  him  a  pair  of  socks  and 
some  sewing  thread  and  then  wrote, 

I  am  going  to  send  one  good  oil  cloth  1  fine  hat  1  pr.  of  boots 
1  fine  pr.  socks,  and  tell  Levi  that  I  am  going  to  send  him  135 
caps  by  Mitchell  in  with  Jim  Squirese  and  one  haversack.  They 
will  all  and  I  am  going  to  send  some  other  little  tricks  that  I 
wont  mention  in  this  letter  ...  I  am  going  to  send  some  little 
leather  straps  by  the  bearer. 

Most  of  the  men  in  Company  K  were  ^vell,  including  Sam  Wilson, 
George  Cheeks,  and  Lieutenant  Maynard.  Unfortunately,  both  Sam 
Tate  and  Albert  Graham  were  sick  in  the  hospital.(W?) 

On  Ausrust  1,  W^alker  -inote  that  he  wanted  the  socks  and  thread 
sent  from  home  right  away.  He  also  wanted  some  soap,  a  shirt  and 
pair  of  drawers  "that  I  sent  home  by  Levi."  He  was  especially  inter- 
ested in  acqtiiring  new  pairs  of  boots  for  himself  and  his  yoimger 
brother  Bill,  then  at  Raleigh.  If  his  father  wanted  to  send  him  a 
pair  of  shoes  instead  it  would  be  fine.  Walker  was  nattnally  sensitive 
about  his  footwear — a  habit  he  had  picked  iqj  in  the  long,  hot 
marches  of  Jime  and  [uly.  He  anxiously  Avrote  his  father: 

.  .  .  have  me  a  pair  of  shoes  inade  just  like  Bills,  have  them 
made  on  the  same  last  but  dont  have  them  half  soled  and  dont 
leave  the  soles  out  so  far  as  the  edges  have  them  made  just  like 
Bills  exactly  but  dont  have  them  halfsoled  at  all  for  I  can  have 
them  half-soled  myself  cheaper  than  yoa  can,  and  so  you  take 
the  boots  and  have  me  a  pr.  of  shoes  made  for  I  had  just  as  leave 
have  shoes  anyhow  dont  have  any  marching  to  do  in  the 
winter.  .  .(^') 


In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan  223 

In  late  July  the  Sixth  Regiment  accompanied  Ramseur's  division 
in  a  movement  from  Maitinsbiirg  across  the  Potomac  to  Williams- 
port,  Maryland.  The  men  spent  one  night  on  Northern  soil  while 
Confederate  authorities  procured  badly-needed  commissary  stores 
which  the  retreating  Union  forces  had  left  at  Williamsport.  After 
recrossing  the  Potomac,  the  division  marched  to  Bunker  Hill,  six 
miles  north  of  \Vinchester,  and  went  into  camp.  The  ^veather  con-^,^^ 
tinned  hot  and  diy,  but  the  health  of  the  men  continued  to  be  good.*^-->* 

The  Confederates  continued  to  fare  veiy  well  "in  die  way  of  sup- 
plies." Everyone  was  astonishetl  at  the  abinidant  food  in  the  louver 
valley.  Blacknall  wrote. 

The  country  affords  any  cjuantity  of  wheat  beef,  &c.  The 
people  in  the  \'alley  have  never  had  any  scarcity  of  provisions, 
but  on  the  contrary  the  greatest  abimdance.  We  are  able  to  get 
a  splendid  dinner  for  50c  to  $1  in  Confederate  money.  .  .  .  There 
is  enough  wheat  in  the  valley  for  Genl.  Lee's  army,  &  I  hope  Ave 
will  be  able  to  get  it  off. 

Later  Blacknall  added, 

We  are  now  encamped  in  a  sjslendid  country  &:  we  get  such 
supplies  as  we  need  Avithoiit  trouble. 

The  only  provisions  which  the  North  Carolinians  missed  were  water- 
melons and  peaches,  two  aops  Avhich  were  almost  unknown  in  the 
valley  .(^ 

In  early  August  the  army  was  in  a  stir  of  excitement  over  Mc- 
Causland's  cavalry  expedition  to  Chambersburg,  Pennsylvania  "to 
demand  5100,000  in  gold  to  pay  for  houses  burnt  in  Virginia  by  order 
of  Federal  Generals."  McCausland  had  orders  to  bimi  the  town  if  he 
failed  to  get  the  money.  When  the  town  was  binned  there  was  "much 
excitement"  in  the  army,  although  most  of  the  men  thought  the  act 
was 

...  a  just  retribution,  whether  as  a  retaliation  for  the  binning 
of  our  Southern  towns  or  as  a  penalty  for  the  refusal  on  the  part 
of  the  citizens  to  comply  with  a  demand  for  money  levied  in 
accordance  with  the  rules  of  war.  (yi) 

Blacknall  felt  that  Early  had  conducted  his  campaign  with  great 
skill,  and  had  entirely  outwitted  the  enemy.  The  latter  were  "puzzled 
to  death"  in  their  attempts  to  understand  the  movements  of  the 
Confederate  general.Cfi^ 

This  Confederate  success  was  to  be  short-lived.  On  August  6, 
General  Grant  had  appointed  a  new  general  to  take  command  in  the 
valley.  His  name  was  Philip  H.  Sheridan,  formerly  commander  of 
the  cavah-y  in  the  Anny  of  the  Potomac.  On  the  10th,  Sheridan  moved 


224  The  Bloody  Sixth 

his  command  Irom  Harper's  Ferry  into  the  valley  and  went  into  posi- 
tion with  the  right  of  his  line  resting  at  Clifton  and  his  left  at  Ben7- 
ville,  directly  east  of  A\'inchester,  ?iIost  of  the  Union  cavalry  was 
massed  on  the  Millwood-Winchester  Pike.  Early  withdrew  his  troops 
from  Bunker  Hill  to  Winchester  in  an  attempt  to  coimter  the  threat 
to  his  rear.  On  the  night  of  August  10,  the  Confederates  retreated 
from  Winchester  and  moved  up  the  valley  to  Strasburg.  At  9:00  A.M. 
on  the  11th,  Breckenridge's  division  was  withdrawn  from  its  covering- 
position  on  the  Berryville  Pike  and  moved  rapidly  back  through 
Winchester  to  cover  Early's  retreat.  Early's  "foot  cavalry"  soon  out- 
distanced their  pursuers,  thereby  frustrating  Sheridan's  intention  to 
get  in  their  rear  and  force  them  to  give  battle  on  terms  favorable  to 
the  Union  commander.(£>^ 

By  August  14,  Early's  army  was  intrenched  at  Fisher's  Hill,  a 
strong  position  below  Winchester,  waiting  for  Sheridan  to  attack. 
Ramseur,  satisfied  that  the  army's  line  was  impregnable,  felt  that 
"they  are  afraid  to  attack  us  in  our  present  position."  liie  army 
would  now  rest  for  a  few  days,  awaiting  Sheridan's  attack. (£5-^ 

The  Sixth  Regiment  had  engaged  in  several  skirmishes  with  the 
enemy  during  the  retreat  from  Biuiker  Hill,  biU  few  of  the  men  were 
hint.  Company  K  had  one  casualty,  Bedford  Ballard,  who  was  bruised 
by  a  ball  on  the  left  arm.  Fortunately  the  skin  hadn't  been  broken. 
The  regiment  lightheartedly  went  into  line  of  battle  with  Ramseur's 
division  on  the  right  of  Early's  line,  covering  the  Valley  Pike  and 
the  approaches  to  Massaniuten  Mountain.  John  K.  \Valker  described 
the  rumors  that  circidated  in  Early's  army  as  the  men  awaited 
Sheridan: 

They  (the  enemy)  are  reported  to  be  in  vei7  strong  force 
consisting  of  4  corps  of  Infanti^  and  two  Division  of  CavaJry 
Comd.  by  old  Joe  Hooker  who  we  cleaned  up  for  at  Chancellors- 
ville  in  63.  It  is  rumored  that  Grant  is  leaving  Petersburg  as 
fast  as  he  can  and  that  is  undoubtedly  true  because  a  portion  of 
this  army  consists  of  troops  from  Petersbiug,  and  I  also  inider- 
stand  that  they  are  sending  large  numbers  of_Troops  South  it  is 
thought  that  Mobile  Ala.  will  go  up  soon.  Q^  ■    : 

Fortunately,  Kershaw's  division  of  Longstreet's  force  was  coming 
up  from  Petersburg,  just  in  time  to  repulse  a  Union  cavah7  expedi- 
tion under  Torbett  in  the  Luray  Valley.  Fitz  Lee's  cavalry  had  helped 
Kershaw's  men  to  repel  the  eneiuy  with  the  capture  of  "7  pieces  of 
artillery. "(1^ 

The  weather  continued  hot  and  dry  with  an  occasional  shower  as 
the  picket  lines  of  the  two  armies  faced  each  other  on  the  slopes  of 
Fisher's  Hill.  Although  the  opposing  armies  were  less  than  a  mile 
apart,  few  shots  were  exchanged.  The  Confederates  were  determined 


In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan  22.5 

to  make  a  stand  and^iwuld  give  the  enemy  "the  best  in  our  shop,"  if 
an  attack  were  madft-^eneral  Ramseur  was  especially  anxious  to  see 
his  division  redeem  itself  for  its  defeat  at  Stephenon's  Depot.  He 
had  written  on  August  10,  ivhile  the  command  \\as  still  at  Bunker 
Hill, 

I  hoped  for  many  reasons  that  we  may  \\hip  them  soundly.  .  .  > — ^ 

As  the  Sixth  Regiment  lay  with  the  rest  of  Early's  army  on  the 
heights  of  Fisher's  Hill,  an  old  friend  returned  to  conmiand  the 
brigade  that  they  were  in.  Archibald  C.  Godwin,  hero  of  the  stand 
at  Rappahannock  Bridge,  had  been  exchanged  from  Johnson's  Island 
prison  in  the  early  sinnmer  of  1864.  On  August  5,  he  had  been  com- 
missioned a  brigadier  general  and,  on  August  11,  was  assigned  to 
the  command  of  "the  bridge  of  Early's  Division  formerly  commanded 
by  General  Hoke."  General  Le^vis  ^vas  relieved  of  command  and  sent 
to  command  forces  in  ea^ern  North  Carolina,  mostly  in  the  vicinity  of 
Tarboro  and  HamiltonS-^The  brigade  to  which  Godwin  retmned  was 
still  composed  of  the  Sixth,  Twenty-first,  Fifty-Fourth,  and  Fifty- 
seventh  North  Carolina  Regiments.  The  First  North  Carolina  Artil- 
len'  Battalion  was  still  on  detached  sei-vice  at  Forts  Branch  and  Fisher 
in  eastern  North  Carolina.  Its  ranks  had  been  sadly  depleted  by  the 
continuous  campaigning  of  the  summer  of  1864,  imtil  the  aggregate 
of  men  present  for  duty  was  only  854.  This  compared  very  unfavorably 
with  the  niunber  of  2,627  who  were  listed  on  the  brigade's  record 
books  as  "Aggregate  present  and  absent."  Ramsem's  division,  com- 
posed of  Pegram's,  Johnston's,  and  Godwin's  brigades,  could  present 
only  2,060  men  who  were  present  for  duty — a  sad  record  of  the  attri- 
tion which  was  to  destroy  the  Confederate  Anny.  Early's  entire  anny 
numbered  only  8,269  present  for  duty,  although  a  total  of  34,515 
were  listed  as  being  present  and  absent!  Lieutenant  Colonel  Tate  ^\•^s 
still  in  command  of  the  Sixth  Regiment,  although  the  records  of  the 
Second  Army  Corps  listed  Colonel  Robert  F^Vebb,  still  in  a  Union 
prison,  as  being  the  regimental  commander. (^^ 

On  August  17,  Early  moved  his  anny  from  Strasburg  toward  Win- 
cliester;  Sheridan  fell  back  before  him,  umvilling  to  give  battle  unless 
the  conditions  ^\■ere  fa\orable  for  a  Union  victory.  As  Ramseur's 
division  marched  through  "Winchester  a  "considerable  skirmish"  en- 
sued in  which  the  Confederates  captined  "4  pieces  of  artillei-y"  and 
several  hundred  prisoners.  The  Sixth  lost  only  one  man  wounded — 
Company  K  had  no  casualties.  The  Confederates  pursued  Sheridan  to 
his  stronghold  and  supply  base  at  Harper's  Ferry.  Ramseur  moved 
his  division  to  Smithfield,  six  miles  from  Harper's  Fen-y,  and  then 
withchew  to  a  better  position  at  Bunker  Hill.  Although  Early  offered 
battle,  Sheridan  wouldn't  take  the  bait.  Ramseur  \\rote. 


226  The  Bloody  Sixth 

If  they  choose  to  come  out  &  fight  us,  I  think  Gen'l  Early  will 
accommodate  them.  (^^ 

Blacknall  described  the  situation  in  the  lower  valley  after  the 
division  had  returned  to  Bunker  Hill.  His  discussion  shows  that  he 
had  a  sound  grasp  of  basic  Confederate  strategy: 

This  portion  of  the  couirtry  has  been  occupied  alternately  by 
both  annies  every  week  since  our  occupancy  of  the  valley  .  .  . 
Harpers  Feny  being  at  the  extreme  point  of  the  valley  where  the 
blue  ridge  approaches  the  Potomac  on  the  South  &  the  range 
known  as  South  Mountain  on  the  North  side,  the  Ferry  being 
immediately  in  the  gap.  Bunker  Hill  being  farther  up  the  valley 
&  commands  the  different  approaches  from  that  direction.  Win- 
chester a  large  (&  before  the  war  very  floin-ishing)  town  of  5000 
inhabitants  being  still  farther  up  the  valley  &  distant  from  this 
point  ten  miles,  the  valley  is  traversed  from  South  to  North  by  a 
large  turnpike,  known  as  the  valley  pike,  this  is  intersected  by 
numerous  other  pikes  rimning  in  from  the  different  gaps  in  the 
mountains  east  &  west,  besides  there  aie  other  small  pikes  (all 
the  roads  are  j>ikes  on  Mcadamized  roads)  running  parallel  to 
the  main  thoroughfare,  the  valley  being  generally  quite  narrow, 
it  is  difficidt  for  one  army  to  flank  another  or  to  pass  to  its  rear. 
But  as  there  are  numerous  gaps  through  which  an  army  can 
easily  pass,  it  will  be  seen  that  the  valley  is  extremely  difficult  to 
defend  at  any  given  point.  If  for  instance  the  enemy  should 
attempt  to  get  in  our  rear  by  moving  up  on  oiu-  east  side  of  the 
mountain  &  crossing  in  at  Snickers  Gap  or  at  Front  Royal  then 
a  backward  move  would  be  necessary  on  our  part.  Strasburg 
being  located  in  a  very  narrow  part  of  the  valley  is  easily  defended 
&  difficult  to  tin-n,  hence  we  fall  back  to  that  place  when  the 
enemy  make  demonstrations  against  our  rear  flanks. 

Blacknall  assured  his  correspondent  that  Early  was  doing  a  good 
job  in  his  movements  against  Sheridan  and  "has  wielded  Ms  army 
with  much  prudence  &  skill  &  is  still  master  of  the  situation. ^-Possibly 
this  was  true,  but  Blacknall  certainly  overstatetl  the  Confederate 
position  when  he  infened  that  Early  had  Sheridan  "so  that  he  will 
run  as  soon  as  we  turn  oiu-  faces  towards  him."  Sheridan  w'as  far 
from  being  cowed  by  Early,  as  the  futine  would  soon  reveal.(fll^ 

Ramseur's  division  lay  quietly  at  Bunker  Hill  as  the  month  of 
August  drew  to  a  close.  Although  Sheridan's  cavalry  had  made  one 
or  two  demonstrations  against  their  position,  no  general  conflict  had 
developed.  The  men,  from  Ramseiu"  to  the  soldiers  in  the  ranks, 
seemed  content  to  rest  after  the  hard  march  from  Strasburg,  although 
there  was  heavy  skirmishing  at  the  oiUposts.  The  main  topic  of 
interest  was  A.  P.  Hill  and  Wade  Hampton's  combined  attack  against 
^Varren's  Fifth  Army  Corps  at  Reams  Station  on  the  Petersbiug  and 


In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan  227 

Weldon  Railroad.  John  K.  Walker  had  heard  with  some  concern  that 
"the  Yankees  have  possession  of  the  R.  R.  between  Petersburg  &: 
Weldon  and  have  fortified  themselves  on  it  and  will  [be]  veij  hard  to 
drive  off  it."  He  hoped  that  his  North  Carolina  kinsmen  would  "drive 
these  Yanks  off,"  e\eiv4^it  ^vere  necessary  to  call  upon  old  men  and 
young  boys  to  do  itrTor  themselves,  it  was  far  more  enjoyable  to 
campaign  in  a  land  of  plenty,  commanded  by  an  able  general,  now 
that  the  -^veather  ^^•as  turning  cool  and  pleasant.  No  one  knew  what 
the  future  'svould  hold;  they  might  cross  the  Potomac  into  Manland 
or  they  might  hold  their  position  and  wait  for  Sheridan  to  give 
battle.  Ramseur  summed  up  the  operations  that  had  just  come  to  a 
conclusion  and  expressed  a  sincere  hope  for  future  success: 

...  I  have  e\erything  now  ready  to  mo\'e.  Thus,  you  see,  our 
life  is  one  of  constant  action,  marching  counter-marching,  ma- 
neuvering &  sometimes  a  little  fighting.  So  far  we  have  been  very 
successful.  God  giant  that  we  may  continue  to  strike  telling  blows 
for  our  bleeding  country.  (^ 

September  began  ^vith  a  movement  of  Ramseur  to^vard  Winchester. 
The  weather  was  pleasant  and  bracing,  "contrasting  agreeably  Avith 
the  dry,  dusty  &  sultry  summer  ^vhich  has  just  left  us  &  which  departed 
without  many  regrets  on  our  part."  The  cooler  ^veather  saw  a  re- 
juvenation in  the  spirits  of  the  men,  although  their  health  had  been 
good  during  the  hot  summer.  The  chief  worry  was  the  possible  effect 
of  Sherman's  capture  of  Atlanta  upon  the  presidential  elections  in 
the  North.  Everyone  wanted  McClellan  to  ^\•in  with  a  corresponding 
return  of  peace,  a  negotiated  peace.  Besides  this  concern  there  was  a 
general  feeling  of  success  and  well-being  in  Early's  anny.  After  all, 
beef  was  a  better  diet  than  bacon  and  the  valley  people  were  different 
enough  for  many  of  the  men  to  imagine  they  were  almost  in  a  foreign 
country.  Blacknall  described  the  people  of  the  lower  valley  as  they 
appeared  to  him  in  early  September: 

The  manners  8;  customs  of  this  country  are  totally  different 
from  ours,  there  is  a  freedom  cordiality  &  want  of  reserve  here, 
to  which  you  are  a  stranger  in  our  country  &  this  prevades  the 
highest  as  ^\■e\l  as  the  middle  classes,  pass  a  house  today  8;  get  a 
glass  of  water:  tomorrow  call  &  you  are  an  old  acquaintance  8c 
dear  friend  of  the  family.  The  poor  people  live  in  t^\-o-story 
brick  houses  &  the  rich,  the  female  portion,  do  their  o^\n  labor. 
I  have  seen  many  ladies  of  good  appearance  8:  good  estate  attend- 
ing to  their  domestic  affairs  bare-footed,  8;  not  seemina:  in  the 
least  confused  to  meet  company  in  that  seemingly  luicivilized 
condition.  Many  of  them  being  at  the  same  time,  quite  intelligent 
8:  to  some  extent  accomplished,  but  all  free  &  easy  as  to  manners, 
but  sufficiently  correct  as  regards  morals,  the  people  in  the  valley 


228  The  Bloody  Sixth 

bear  their  suffering  &  sacrifices  with  remarkable  composure  & 
with  commendable  good  temper,  being  at  all  times  ready  to  afford 
relief  to  the  sick  &  woimded  8:  to  divide  their  subsistence  witli 
any  who  may  choose  to  call  &  the  number  of  applicants  is  by  no 
means  small.  @) 

Afost  of  the  connnon  soldiers  had  little  time  to  fraternize  with  the 
people,  at  least  not  at  this  latter  period  of  the  campaign.  Sheridan's 
superior  numbers  were  now  making  themselves  felt.  Ramseur's  divi- 
sion was  constantly  annoyed  by  Union  cavalry  which  tended  to  de- 
moralize the  Confederate  infantry.  It  was  difficult  to  be  always  on 
the  alert,  constantly  engaging  enemy  cavaln  to  prevent  a  surprise 
or  the  capture  of  the  divisional  supply  trains.  It£) 

John  K.  Walker  was  doing  well,  except  for  a  bad  cold  and  a  sore 
throat.  He  had  recently  received  a  quantity  of  personal  supplies  from 
home,  brought  by  Private  Mitchell  \vho  had  been  home  on  furlough. 
The  shirt,  pair  of  drawers,  pair  of  socks,  thread,  and  soft  soap  were 
most  welcome  to  a  soldier  \vho  had  to  be  on  the  move  most  of  the 
time.  Heavy  clothing  was  badly  needed  now  that  autumn  seemed  to 
be  here  to  stay.  The  di7ness  had  left  the  earth  by  this  time  and  it 
rained  a  part  of  every  day,  making  the  daily  job  of  skirmishing  some- 
what more  pleasant.  It  was  better  to  move  in  a  cool  rain  than  to 
march  in  the  heat  and  dust  of  mid-summer.  Besides,  muddy  roads 
also  hampered  the  movements  of  the  enemy.  (^ 

On  September  10,  Ramseur's  division  drove  the  Union  cavalry 
back  several  miles  in  a  sharp  skirmish.  The  folloAving  day  saw  a  lack 
of  activity  as  a  heavy  rain  kept  the  division  in  its  camps  about 
Bimker  Hill.  On  September  11,  the  division  fell  back  to  a  position 
five  miles  north  of  Winchester.  Moves,  especially  retrograde  move- 
ments, always  caused  men  to  philosophize.  This  one  seemed  to  move 
Ramseur  greatly.  He  described  the  war-racked  coimtry  through  which 
his  di^'ision  marched: 

I  wish  you  could  see  this  magnificent  Valley — at  this  beautiful 
season  of  the  year.  Although  plantations  are  ruined — &  the 
blackened  remains  of  once  splendid  mansions  are  to  be  seen  on 
all  sides  yet  nature  is  triumphant.  Magnificent  meadows,  beautiful 
forests  &;  broad  undidating  fields  rich  in  grass  &  clover.  Truly  it 
does  seem  sacriligous  to  despoil  such  an  Eden,  by  the  ravages 
of  war.rT^ 

As  the  division  settled  do^vn  in  its  new  camp,  the  gathering  of 
wheat  continued  at  a  faster  pace.  Large  supplies,  including  "several 
hiuidred"  good  beef  cattle,  were  sent  to  Lee's  array  at  Petersbmg.  It 
was  gratifying  to  kno^v  that  the  mission  of  holding  the  lower  valley 


In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan  229 

while  the  ^rheat  crop  -was  being  harvested  was  soon  to  be  acconipHshed. 
All  they  could  do  was  to  hold  "our  part  of  the  \me."(j^2S^ 

The  men  in  the  division  continued  to  thrive  on  a  daily  fare  of 
skirmishing,  with  no  engagement  of  a  general  natiu'e.  Days  Avere 
spent  in  picket  duty  on  the  line  east  of  ^Vinchester  and  in  gathering 
in  the  wheat  crop.  The  scene  ^vas  almost  too  quiet;  the  air  \vas  filled 
^^'ith  uncertainty.  The  constant  skirmishing  had  caused  such  battle- 
hardened  veterans  as  Blacknall  to  exclaim, 

.  .  .  ivhat  you  might  consider  an  adventure  of  some  importance 
has  become  to  me  only  an  evei")'  day  occurrence,  as  wt  are  so  often 
under  fire  &  ha\ing  little  affairs  with  the  Yankees  that  ^ve  dont 
regard  a  little  skirmish  as  anything  at  all.  ^^ 

Blacknall  often  lay  do'ivn  and  read  the  newspapers  while  his  men  en- 
gaged in  a  "brisk  skirmish."  The  weather  continued  to  change.  The 
hot  and  dry  days  of  summer  and  early  fall  were  becoming  cooler: 
rain  continued  to  fall  almost  evei7  day.  All  this  caused  a  sense  of 
false  secmity  to  pervade  the  feelings  of  the  men — from  General 
Ramseiu'  on  doAvn.  The  "constant  watchfulness  8;  almost  daily  moves" 
were  beginning  to  change  the  attitude  of  evenone.  It  seemed  that  one 
could  stay  in  the  valley  forever,  always  fighting  Yankees,  until  the 
Judgment  Day.  Maybe  there  woidd  be  a  change,  maybe  the  armv 
would  fall  back  toward  Staunton.  No  one  seemed  to  kno^v.  Most  of  the 
men  belie\ed  that  the  fortunes  of  the  Confederacy  depended  upon 
them  as  they  tried  to  hold  Sheridan  back  in  the  valle) : 


I  think  everything  depends  upon  this  Fall  CampaignC^__^ 

Ramseur's  division  continued  to  occupy  a  position  east  of  Win- 
chester, facing  Sheridan's  camps  at  Berryville  and  Charlestown.  Be- 
cause of  the  open  character  of  the  country  both  armies  could  see  each 
other  across  the  rolling  fields.  On  September  1 7,  Union  cavaln-  drove 
in  the  Confederate  cavalry  picket  stationed  in  front  of  Ramseur's 
position.  Ramseur  sent  infantry  out  and  soon  drove  the  Union 
troopers  back  down  the  road  to^\ard  Benyville.  The  air  ^\-as  nou-  filled 
with  signs  of  a  general  engagement.  On  the  18th,  Early  moved 
Gordon's  division,  with  part  of  Lomax's  cavahy,  to  Martinsbmg,  to 
check  Union  efforts  to  repair  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad. 
Rodes's  division  was  moved  back  from  Bunker  Hill  to  Stephenson's 
Depot;  Gordon  returned  from  Martinsburg  and  went  into  a  tempo- 
rary camp  at  Bunker  Hill,  "with  orders  to  start  at  daylight  to  return 
to  his  camp  at  Stephenson's  Depot."  As  Gordon's  men  marched  into 
the  town  on  the  following  morning  they  heard  heavy  firing  in  the 
direction  of  the  Winchester-Berryville  Pike.  Ramseur  seemed  to  be  in 
trouble.    Early  quickly  ordered  Rodes,  Gordon,  and  Breckinridge  to 


230  The  Bloody  Sixth 

put  their  divisions  under  arms  and  prepare  to  move  to  Ramseur's 
assistance.  The  Confederate  general  then  hurriedly  rode  toward  the 
sound  of  firing,  (ifjx 

At  daylight  on  the  morning  of  September  19,  1864,  a  large  force 
of  Union  cavaliy  attacked  Jolmson's  cavalry  brigade  attached  to 
Ramseur's  division  which  was  on  picket  duty  on  the  Berryville  Pike, 
two  miles  east  of  Winchester.  Although  the  attack  w^as  quickly  re- 
pulsed the  two  forces  did  not  disengage.  Artillery  roared  and  infantry 
skimiished  as  the  long-awaited  general  engagement  developed.  The 
main  body  of  the  Union  Army  advanced  rapidly  up  the  turnpike 
from  Berryville,  moving  into  the  fields  on  the  right  and  left  of  the 
road.  Ramseur  quickly  placed  his  division  in  line  of  battle  across  the 
road,  just  in  time  to  receive  a  heavy  infantry  attack  on  his  left. 
Godwin's  brigade  was  in  the  center  of  the  line,  across  the  Berryville 
Pike.  At  10:00  A.M.,  a  general  cannonade  ensued  between  the  two 
armies  as  more  forces  were  brought  in  on  both  sides.  Early  brought 
Rodes  and  Gordon  into  the  battle  on  Ramseiu's  left.  Sheridan  moved 
most  of  the  Sixth  Army  Corps  up  through  the  Ben7ville  Canyon  to 
reinforce  Wilson's  cavalry  division  which  w^as  making  the  initial 
attack  upon  the  Confederates.  By  1 1  o'clock,  the  fighting  had  become 
general.  After  half  an  hour  of  desperate  fighting,  the  Confederate 
line  was  pressed  back  a  distance  of  two  hundred  yards.  The  men 
withdre^v  slowly  and  re-formed  in  good  order.  According  to  the  cor- 
respondent of  the  Raleigh  Confederate: 

.  .  .  our  troops,  though  greatly  outnumbered,  addressed  them- 
selves to  the  work  before  them  like  men  detennined  to  conquer 
or  die.  The  Yankee  line  advanced  slowly.  Oin-  brave  fellows  stood 
the  fire  like  Salamanders,  and  plied  their  rifle^like  men  who 
were  fighting  for  all  that  is  worth  living  for//t^ 

In  this  fighting  Pegram's  brigade,  \vhich  was  on  the  left  flank  of 
Ramseiu's  division,  was  forced  back.  God^vin,  his  men  extended  across 
the  Pike  to  Abraham's  Creek,  shifted  to  the  left  to  support  Pegram's 
line.  Again  and  again  the  Union  infantry  asaulted  the  brigade's 
position,  and  again  and  again  they  were  repulsed  with  heavy  loss.  In 
this  heavy  in-fighting,  man  after  man  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  went 
down.  Lieutenant  D.  Z.  Hardin,  commanding  Company  A,  fell 
slightly  wounded  in  the  head:  Privates  C.  J.  Presnell,  William  Rose, 
Thomas  .\.  Seals,  and  John  Langler  all  fell  woimded.  Presnell  was 
severely  wounded  in  the  body.  The  other  companies  suffered  similar 
losses.  Private  P.  iM.  Gooch  of  Company  B  was  severely  wounded  in 
the  back  and  was  left  in  the  hands  of  the  enemy.  Privates  J.  N.  Hollo- 
way,  J.  T.  Hutchins,  and  W.  D.  Blalock  were  casualties  in  Company 
C,  while  |.  M.  Peck  and  'William  Chambler  were  listed  as  missing. 
Even  Regimental  AdjiUant  Cornelius  Mebane  was  slightly  woimded. 


In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan  231 

Total  regimental  casualties  were  thirty-three  iiiounded  and  eight 
missing.  Fortunately,  only  five  men  were  killedf-^J^ 

During  a  lull  in  the  battle,  Gordon  attempted  a  counterattack  in 
the  area  north  of  the  Berryville  Pike,  assisted  by  a  fonvard  movement 
of  Ramseur's  division.  This  maneuver  succeeded  in  routing  a  portion 
of  the  Nineteenth  .\rmy  Corps,  but  failed  ^vhen  Union  reinforcements 
reached  the  scene  and  Sheridan  succeeded  in  rallying  his  panic- 
stricken  men.  Both  Confederate  General  Robert  E.  Rodes  and  Union 
General  David  A  Russell  were  killed  in  the  desperate  fighting.  Now 
the  scene  of  combat  shifted  to  the  north,  in  the  area  along  the  Win- 
chester-Martinsburg  Pike  \\here  Breckinridge's  division  had  been 
reinforced  by  the  cavalry  units  of  Imboden,  Rosser,  Wickham,  and 
McCausland.  General  George  Crook's  small  but  hard-hitting  Eighth 
Army  Corps  attacked  the  Confederate  position  ivith  great  fun',  forcing 
Breckinridge's  men  back  into  the  outskirts  of  Winchester.  The  time 
was  4:30  P.M.  Suddenly  Imboden's  cavali-y  broke  and  fled  to^vard 
the  rear,  followed  by  the  other  cavalry  units.  Breckinridge's  men  held 
firm  for  a  iew  moments,  but  joined  in  the  rout  ^vhen  Merritt's  cavalry 
division  charged  down  the  Martinsburg  Pike  and  overran  their  posi- 
tions. Now  all  alons-jJie  line,  the  hard-pressed  Confederates  were 
forced  to  withdra^\•.(2^^ 

To  the  east,  along  the  Berryville  Pike,  Ramseur's  division  with- 
dre^\'  slowly.  During  a  temoprary  lull  in  the  fighting,  General  Godwin 
rode  in  front  of  die  lines  of  his  brigade.  Reaching  the  pike  he  con- 
gratulated Captain  John  Beard  of  the  Fifty-seventh  Regiment,  saying, 
"I  am  proud  of  the  conduct  of  my  old  regiment  to-day.  It  saved  the 
day."  Beard  warned  the  general  to  get  off  the  pike  since  the  position 
was  being  swept  by  artillei-y  fire.  Even  as  Beard  spoke,  a  shell  ex- 
ploded near  the  two  officers  and  a  fragment  struck  Godwin  in  the 
head,  killing  him  instantly.  The  dead  general  was  quickly  placed  in 
an  ambulance  and  carried  into  the  streets  of  -ii'inchester,  already 
filled  \\-ith  panic-stricken  Confederate  soldiers. (/_£*) 

The  scene  in  the  streets  of  Winchester  was  almost  beyonil  descri]> 
tion  as  Early's  army  fell  back,  on  their  A\ay  toAvard  Newtown  and  the 
upper  valley.  .\n  e)eAvitness  reported: 

.  .  .  clouds  of  dust  -(vere  rising  to  heighten  the  scene.  ^V^agoners, 
teamsters,  ambulance  drivers,  negroes,  boys,  skulkers  from  the 
battle,  and  scjuads  loitering  about  the  field,  all  caught  the  panic 
and  fell  into  the  general  rush,  until  it  constituted  a  perfect  stonn 
of  the  madness  of  himian  folly.  Soldiers  threw  do^vn  tlieir  muskets 
aboiu  the  fields  and  streets,  divested  tliemselves  of  cartridge  boxes, 
knapsacks  and  blankets,  in  order  to  run  light:  ambulances  just 
returning  from  the  battle  field  went  galloping  off  in  this  ivild 
■idiirlpool,  filled  -^vith  the  agonizing  wounded,  all  tending  to 
make  'confusion  ^vorse  confounded.' 


232  The  Bloody  Sixth 

The  same  writer  felt  that  the  Confederates  had  gained  a  "decided 
victoi^"  in  the  field  but  had  allowed  it  to  be  thrown  a\v:a^by  the 
actions  of  Imboden's  and  McCaiisland's  cavalry  brigades.(_^_^jy 

As  his  disheartened  army  withdrew  from  Winchester  toward  the 
south  Early  took  stock  of  his  losses.  The  Confederates  had  lost  226 
killed,  1,567  wounded,  and  1,818  missing  in  the  infantry  and  artillery. 
The  cavalry  loss  ivas  unknown.  Sheridan's  Army  of  the  Shenandoah 
captured  5  pieces  of  artillery,  a  number  of  caissons,  and  7,000  stand 
of  small  arms.  The  loss  of  Generals  Rodes  and  Godwin  would  be 
sorely  felt  later.  Union  casualties  niniibered  4,000,  including  General 
David  A.  Russell  who  was  killed.  (J^ 

The  road  by  which  the  Confederates  retreated  ran  through  New- 
town to  Strasburg.  Inmiediately  south  of  Strasburg  the  eminence 
known  as  Fisher's  Hill  thrust  its  bulk  across  the  valley  from  North 
Mountain  on  the  west  to  the  tip  of  Massanutten  Mountain  on  the 
east.  Here  Early  detennined  to  make  a  stand.  He  placed  his  army  in 
line  of  battle  on  the  afternoon  of  September  20.  Ramseur's  division 
occupied  the  left  of  the  position  with  Lomax's  cavalry  acting  as  a 
picket-guard  on  the  extreme  flank.  The  men,  although  disheartened  by 
their  reverse  at  Winchester,  waited  for  Sheridan's  arrival  with  some 
degree  of  firmness.  By  the  morning  of  September  21,  the  two  armies 
again  faced  each  other  with  full  intentions  of  giving  battle.    VlD 

On  the  e\ening  of  September  22,  Union  General  George  Crook's 
Eighth  Army  Corps  marched  around  the  base  of  North  Mountain  and 
attacked  the  lightly-held  Confederate  left  flank.  Lomax's  cavalry, 
which  held  the  position,  was  brushed  aside  and  an  imexpectedly 
heavy  blow  was  dealt  to  Ramseur's  left  flank.  The  pressine  was  too 
much.  Men  who  had  seen  continuous  action  through  nearly  four 
years  of  war,  and  newly-inducted  conscripts  whose  spirits  had  been 
dampened  by  the  gruelling  valley  campaign,  broke  and  ran  under  the 
strain.  The  rout  was  so  spontaneous  that  Early  foimd  it  "impossible" 
to  rally  his  men.    Ramsein-  exclaimed,   • 

.  .  .  the  enemy  concentrated  heavily  on  our  weak  point 
(guarded  by  our  cavalry)  diove  everything  before  them  there,  & 
then  poured  in  on  our  left  &:  rear.  I  am  sorr)'  to  say  that  our  men 
^vere  very  much  stampeded  &:  did  not  keep  cool  nor  fight  as  ^vell 
as  they  have  here-to-fore  done.  (7l>) 

Early's  army  fell  back  in  a  panic,  almost  like  a  house  of  cards  which 
has  been  scattered  to  the  winds.  T^velve  pieces  of  artillery,  995  pris- 
oners, 30  killed,  and  210  wounded  completed  the  Confederate  loss, 
"a  sad  blow,  coming  ...  on  the  heels  of  the  affair  at  Atlanta."  Early, 
saddened  by  the  defeat,  commented, 

...  I  am  sorry  to  say  many  men  threw  away  their  arms.mt); 


In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan  233 

The  retreat  continued  throughout  the  night.  By  the  following 
morning  the  scattered  commands  were  fairly  well  organizecL  Early 
moved  his  men  on  to  Mount  Jackson  and  then  to  Rude's  Hill.  Here 
the  Confederates  beat  off  a  Union  infantry  attack,  but  continued  their 
witlidra-ival  "in  line  of  battle  for  eight  miles."  There  Mere  occasional 
halts  as  the  men  Avere  thrown  across  the  road  to  check  the  enemy. 
During  the  night  of  September  23,  the  army  withdrcAs-  from  Rude's 
Hill  to  Port  Republic.  Sheridan  was  left  in  control  of  the  lower 
valley,  no^^•  open  to  the  devastation  which  the  Union  authorities  had 
promised.  Early  paused  at  Port  Republic  in  a  desperate  attempt  to 
reauit  and  reorganize  his  battered  arm^^Ji?) 

While  his  men  recuperated  from  their  reverses  at  \Vinchester  and 
Fisher's  Hill,  Early  explained  his  deep  "regret"  at  "the  present  state 
of  things"  to  his  superior,  General  Lee: 

In  the  fight  at  ^Vinchester  I  drove  back  the  enemy's  infanti7, 
and  Avould  have  defeated  that,  but  his  cavalry  broke  mine  on  the 
left  flank,  the  latter  making  no  stand,  and  I  had  to  take  a  division 
to  stop  the  progress  of  the  fomier  and  save  my  trains.  ...  In  the 
affair  at  Fisher's  Hill  the  cavaln'  ga\e  Ma\',  but  it  was  flanked. 
This  could  have  been  remedied  if  the  troops  had  remained  steady, 
but  a  panic  seized  them  at  the  idea  of  being  flanked,  and  with- 
out being  defeated  they  broke,  many  of  them  fleeing  shamefully. 
The  artillery  was  not  captured  by  the  enemy,  but  abandoned  by 
the  infantry./r7^ 


Early  explained  that  his  troops  were  "very  much  shattered,  the 
men  ver)'  much  exhausted,  and  many  of  them  without  shoes."  Never- 
theless, he  would  do  the  best  he  could,  although  Sheridan's  superiority 
in  cavalry  "gives  him  immense  advantage."  Early  begged  for  Kershaw's 
infantry  division,  originally  sent  to  him  and  then  recalled,  and 
Hampton's  cavalry.  Lee  replied  in  a  sympathetic  note,  promising 
that  shoes,  anns,  and  ammunition  woidd  be  sent  to  Early  and  "every- 
thing done  to  strengthen  him.'(?/fc) 

On  September  27.  Lee  wrote  Early  a  detailed  letter  of  instructions, 
giving  his  sidDordinate  some  exact  criticism,  and  expressing  his  faith 
in  the  men  of  the  vallev  army: 

I  very  much  regret  the  re\erses  that  have  occurred  to  the  amiy 
in  the  \'alley,  but  trust  they  can  be  remedied  ...  I  have  stich 
confidence  in  the  men  and  officers  that  I  am  sure  all  -(nil  imite 
in  the  defense  of  the  coimtry.  It  Avill  require  that  even'  one 
should  exert  all  his  energies  and  strength  to  meet  the  emergency. 
One  victory  will  put  all  things  right.  You  must  do  all  in  your 
power  to  invigorate  your  army.  Get  back  all  absentees;  maneuver 
so,  if  you  can,  as  to  keep  the  enemy  in  check  until  you  can  strike 
him  M-ith  all  your  strength.  .\s  far  as  I  can  judge,  at  this  distance, 


234  The  Bloody  Sixth 

you  have  operated  more  with  divisions  than  with  your  concen- 
trated strength.  Circumstances  may  have  rendered  it  necessai-y, 
but  such  a  course  is  to  be  avoided  if  possible.  It  will  require  the 
greatest  watchfulness,  the  greatest  promptness,  and  the  most  un- 
tiring energy  on  your  part  to  arrest  the  progress  of  the  enemy  in 
his  present  tide  of  success. /^7f) 

Lee  felt  that  there  was  possibly  a  "lack  of  confidence"  between  the 
officers  and  men  in  the  valley  army.  If  this  were  true  it  was  due  to  a 
lack  of  instructions  and  discipline.  The  Confederates  were  forced,  by 
necessity,  to  fight  against  "great  odds."  It  was  necessary  to  exert  every 
energy  for  final  success,  (flij 

The  men  who  filed  into  camp  ^\•ere  discouraged,  but  still  deter- 
mined to  defeat  Sheridan.  Ramseur  Avrote  from  the  Confederate  camp 
near  AV^aynesboro  on  September  30: 

We  are  recruiting  here  &:  I  hope  in  a  few  days  ivill  be  able  to 
drive  the  Yankees  out  of  the  Valley. 

If  only  the  anny  coidd  get  back  to  full  strength  and  possibly  obtain 
sufficient  cavalry  tc)defeat  Sheridan's  seasoned  troopers,  a  victory 
might  still  be  ■\von.(W/ 

There  is  little  documentation  to  record  the  activities  of  the  Sixth 
Regiment  dining  this  period.  It  is  inferred,  by  later  correspondence, 
that  Colonel  Tate  was  absent  in  North  Carolina  on  leave  at  the  time. 
As  we  ha\'e  seen  above  both  Generals  Godwin  and  Rodes  had  been 
killed  in  the  Battle  of  Winchester.  To  remedy  these  losses  Early 
appointed  Brigadier  General  John  Pegram,  the  senior  brigade  com- 
mander, to  the  command  of  Ramseur's  division.  Ramseur  was  ap- 
pointed to  the  command  of  Rodes's  leaderless  division.  These  changes 
took  place  on  September  20,  shortly  before  the  Battle  of  Fisher's  Hill 
and  during  the  long  retreat  from  Winchester.  Lieutenant  Colonel 
William  S.  Davis  was  placed  in  command  of  Godwin's  brigade.  On 
September  30th,  1864,  the  brigade  vas  stationed  at  Mount  Sidney,  on 
the  Valley  Pike  midway  between  Mount  Crawford  and  Staunton.  The 
division  could  muster  1,630  muskets,  not  a  bad  averaae  for  that  late 
period  in  the  ^\ar.  Davis'  brigade,  of  which  the  Sixth  Regiment  was 
now  a  part,  -ivas  able  to  muster  712  men  and  ofiicers,  882  men  and  70 
officers  still  being  held  prisoners  of  war.  Attrition  had  set  in,  as  evi- 
denced by  the  ranks  of  the  other  regimental  commanders  in  the 
brigade.  The  Twenty-first  North  Carolina  was  commanded  by  Major 
W.  J.  Pfohl;  the  Fifty-fourdi,  by  Captain  August  H.  Martin;  the  Fifty- 
seventh,  by  Captain  Miles  H.  Hunter,  (j^^' 

Major  Pfohl  ivrote  his  cousin,  Christian  T.  Pfohl  of  Salem,  North 
Carolina: 


In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan  235 

SoiTV  as  I  ana  to  say  so,  I  must  confess  that  Ave  have  been  badly 
whipped  u]}  here  on  t^vo  occasions,  all  o^ving  to  se\eral  trivial 
circumstances  ^vhich  might  have  been  prevented  had  ^\■e  had  a 
good  commander. 

After  explaining  the  reasons  for  the  reverses  at  Winchester  and  Fisher's 
Hill.  Pfohl  continued: 

AVhat  the  effect  of  these  disasters  has  been  upon  the  country 
1  cant  say,  as  we  do  not  get  to  see  any  papers  these  days,  but  I 
fear  they  have  had  rather  a  depressing  tendency.  It  is  certainly 
the  most  a-itical  moment  that  we  have  ever  yet  had  in  our  histon', 
but  I  hope  Ave  may  soon  see  the  dawning  of  a  brighter  d^y.^f^T) 

That  "brighter  dav"  was  soon  to  come  closer.  In  early  October 
Sheridan's  army  was  reported  to  be  at  New  Market.  In  spite  of  this 
movement.  Early  held  his  anny  bet^veen  AVaynesboro  and  Mt.  Sidney 
for  nearly  a  iveek.  ^Vhile  Early  remained  inactive,  Sheridan  devastated 
the  valley,  just  as  he  had  promised  he  would.  Mills,  barns,  and  crops — 
especially  wheat — went  up  in  smoke.  The  devastation  Avas  finally 
halted  when  Early's  army  moved  forward  again  through  the  continu- 
ous rain  Avhich  no^v  drenched  the  valley.  (f>'^ 

Sheridan's  army  slowly  withdrew  as  me  Confederates  advanced. 
On  October  6,  Early  marched  rapidly  from  Mount  Crawford  in  an 
effort  to  overtake  Sheridan  and  bring  him  into  a  general  engagement. 
Although  Early  marched  into  New  Market  on  October  7,  Sheridan 
eluded  the^nsuit  and  retired  to  a  line  above  Cedar  Creek,  north  of 
Strasburg/^/23^ 

As  the  anny  moved  forward  to  certain  battles,  other  things  hap- 
pened— some  of  them  filled  Avith  tenderness  and  hope  for  a  better 
future.  Colonel  Tate,  newly-returned  to  the  regiment  after  a  visit  to 
western  North  Carolina,  received  a  letter  from  a  friend  named  Carrie. 
She  was  a  young  girl  Avith  Avhom  Tate  had  assumed  a  recent  friend- 
ship, a  friendship  which  left  at  least  one  letter  of  affection.  Canie  was 
"convinced"  of  Tate's  "entire  devotion,"  but  felt  that  she  possibly 
didn't  deserve  "such  love."  Her  letter  was  filled  with  Avarmth  and 
affection  and  thoughts  of  home.  It  Avas  couched  in  language  remote 
from  thoughts  of  war.  The  colonel  might  well  have  blushed  Avhen  he 
read  it,  but  if  he  took  time  to  reminisce  over  the  good  time  he  must 
have  had,  he  didn't  have  much  time  for  it.  The  war  in  the  Shenandoah 
Valley  still  remained  to  be  fought  to  a  final  decision.  (J^^'O 

As  the  Confederates  advanced  toward  Strasburg  there  ivere  many 
exclamations  of  rage  at  the  sight  of  the  devastation  which  Sheridan's 
army  had  created.  The  sight  served  to  inspire  most  of  the  men  to  do 
their  fidl  duty.  Ramseur  described  the  scene,  adding  some  pertinent 
opinions  about  Sheridan's  future  movements: 


236  The  Bloody  Sixth 

This  beautiful  &  fertile  valley  has  been  totally  destroyed. 
Sheridan  had  some  of  the  houses,  all  of  the  mills  &  barns,  evei-y 
straw  &  wheat  stalk  burned.  This  valley  is  one  great  desert.  I  do 
not  see  how  these  people  are  to  live.  We  have  to  haul  our  supplies 
from  far  up  the  valley.  It  is  riunored  that  the  Yankees  are  rebuild- 
ing the  Manassas  Gap  R.  R.  If  this  is  true,  Sheridan  will  not  give 
up  his  hold  on  the  Valley,  &  we  will  probably  remain  here  for  the 
winter — imless  Gen'J=-iee  becomes  so  hard  pressed  that  we  will 
have  to  go  to  hm\n>^) 

On  October  8,  Rosser  was  badly  defeated  by  Union  Generals  Mer- 
ritt  and  Custer  in  a  desperate  cavah^  action  at  Toms  Brook,  a  small 
town  between  Fisher's  Hill  and  AVoodstock.  The  Confederate  cavalry 
had  been  harassing  Sheridan's  infantry  as  it  withdrew  toward  Stras- 
burg.  Sheridan,  exasperated  by  Rosser's  boldness,  directed  General 
Alfred  Torbert,  commander  of  the  Union  cavalry,  to  defeat  the  Con- 
federates. Torbert  moved  Alerritt  and  Custer  forward  in  a  grand 
sweeping  attack  which  routed  Rosser  and  Lomax.  Nine  Confederate 
guns  were  captured,  along  with  many  wagons.  Early,  who  never 
learned  how  to  properly  use  or  imderstand  his  cavalry,  complained  to 
Lee: 

It  would  be  better  if  they  could  all  be  put  into  the  infanti^; 
but  if  that  were  tried  I  am  afraid  they  would  all  run  off//>C.j 

This  reverse  was  partially  offset,  at  least  in  Early's  mind,  by 
Sheridan's  withdrawal  to  the  north  side  of  Cedar  Creek,  a  narrow, 
twisting  stream  with  steep  banks.  Here  the  Union  Army  complacently 
went  into  camp,  to  Early's  complete  amazement.  Did  Sheridan  intend 
to  cross  the  Blue  Ridge  into  eastern  Virginia,  or  was  he  simply  con- 
tent to  remain  in  the  lower  valley  to  protect  the  important  Baltimore 
and  Ohio  Railroad  and  the  sensitive  inland  corridor  to  Washington 
and  Baltimore?  Early  was  anxious  to  resume  the  offensive  in  spite  of 
his  uncertainty  over  Sheridan's  plans.  The  Confederate  infantry  was 
"in  good  heart  and  condition,"  and  was  anxious  to  give  battle  to  the 
hated  Sheridan.  Ramseiu'  wrote, 

I  think  we  will  have  stirring  ^vork  before  long.  I  do  hope  we 
^\-ill  be  enabled  to  punish  the  Yankees  well. 

This  view  was  shared  by  many  who  felt  tlml^"the  enemy  is  afraid  to 
attack  us — at  any  rate  he  fails  so  to  do."  n>'p 

The  Confederates  took  position  in  line  of  battle  on  Fisher's  Hill, 
below  Strasburg,  the  scene  of  their  defeat  on  September  22.  After  his 
men  were  established.  Early  surveyed  the  scene  before  him.  General 
Pegram  was  sent  on  a  careful  reconnaissance  to  Cedar  Creek;  Generals 
Gordon   and   Evans,   accompanied    by    Major   Robert   H.    Himter   of 


In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan  237 

Gordon's  staff  and  Captain  |ed  Hotchkiss,  Stonewall  Jackson's  skilled 
map  maker  and  topographical  engineer,  were  sent  to  the  right  to 
find  a  way  around  Sheridan's  flank.  Although  Pegram  was  unsuccessful 
— the  position  behind  Cedar  Creek  was  too  strong  and  easily  defended 
— the  other  officers  were  successftd.  A  previously  unknown  route  along 
the  base  of  Three  Top  Mountain  was  uncovered.  The  route  followed 
the  banks  of  the  north  fork  of  the  Shenandoah,  past  the  mouth  of 
Cedar  Creek,  to  a  position  opposite  the  Union  left  flank.  Here  the 
Confederates  would  be  able  to  surprise  the  Union  pickets,  roll  up  the 
Union  left,  then  held  by  Crook's  Eighth  Army  Corps,  and  possibly 
destroy  Sheridan's  army.  When  Early  heard  the  good  news  he  dis- 
played great  enthusiasm.  Gordon  was  immediately  placed  in  command 
of  three  divisions — his  own,  Ramseur's,  and  Pegram's.  The  divisions 
of  Kershaw  and  Wharton  were  ordered  to  attack  the  Union  center 
composed  of  the  Sixth  Army  Corps  across  Cedar  Creek  ^vhile  Gordon 
made  a  flank  attack  along  the  line  he  had  discovered.  Rosser's  de- 
moralized cavalry  was  directed  to  make  a  demonstration  at  Culp's 
Ford  on  Cedar  Creek  in  an  efEort  to  draw  Custer's  cavah7  away  from 
the  Union  infantry.  'Tbe-^simultaneous  attack  was  planned  for  5:00 
A.j\f.  on  October  19.  ([^ 

At  10  o'clock  on  the  evening  of  October  IS,  Gordon  led  his  three 
divisions,  reinforced  by  Payne's  cavalry  brigade,  towards  the  Shenan- 
doah. A  cavah-yman  who  participated  in  the  attack  described  the 
march: 

We  .  .  .  crossed  to  the  right  of  the  (Valley)  pike  and  moved 
across  the  side  of  the  mountain,  which  was  so  steep  and  the  path 
so  narrow  that,  for  more  than  two  miles,  ^^•e  had  to  go  in  single 
file.  We  passed  within  five  hundred  yards  of  the  pickets  of  the 
enemy.  Not  a  sound  was  uttered.  The  men  left  their  canteens 
and  everything  that  would  make  a  noise  behind.  The  path  was  so 
steep  that  we  had  to  lead  our  horses.  At  four  o'clock  everything 
was  as  expected,  and  we  were  resting  for  five  o'clock,  the  ap- 
pointed hour,  to  come.  We  were  at  the  river,  and  aivay  on  the 
enemy's  flank.  'ForwardI'  and  away  we  went/'/X^ 

Payne's  men  charged  into  the  river,  sinprising  the  Union  pickets 
who  had  time  to  fire  only  two  shots  at  the  Confederates.  This  pitiful 
resistance  was  answered  by  a  fusillade  of  "twenty  shots"  from  the 
cavalry.  Gordon's  men,  eager  to  even  the  score  Tvith  Sheridan,  pressed 
behind  the  cavalry.  Ramsetu's  division  followed  Gordon,  and  was  in 
turn  followed  by  Pegram's  men.  The  very  eagerness  and  detennination 
of  the  attack  took  the  Eighth  Army  Corps  by  surprise.  Some  of  the 
men  were  caught  in  bed,  some  were  engaged  in  the  cooking  of  an 
early  breakfast.  Few  were  armed  and  prepared  to  offer  an  effective 
resistance.  The  confusion  was  increased  by  the  attack  of  Kershaiv  and 


238  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Wharton  who  threw  their  divisions  across  Cedar  Creek  and  drove  into 
the  Nineteenth  Army  Corps.  A  Confederate  observer  described  the 
scene: 

A  more  brilliant  victory  has  not  been  achieved  during  the 
\\'ar;  it  exceeded  Chancellorsville.  The  eighth  and  nineteenth 
corps,  which  Gordon  struck  first,  were  entirely  routed,  great 
numbers  slain  in  their  camps,  twenty  pieces  of  artillery  captured, 
fifteen  hunched  prisoners,  small  arms  without  number,  ■ivagons 
and  camps,  everything  on  the  ground.  Everything  worked  like 
a  charm.  Two-thirds  of  their  amiy  routed,  nothing  left  to  cover 
their  disorderly  retreat  but  the  Sixth  corps  and  their  cavalry, 
which  had  not  as  yet  been  brought  into  action. 

The  Confederate  cavalry  had  captured  Sheridan's  headquarters, 
although  the  Union  commander  \vas  absent  in  AVashington  in  con- 
ference with  General  Grant.  Everything  pointed  to  a  brilliant  victoi7 
for  the  Confederates.//^ 

At  10  o'clock  Early  arrived  upon  the  battlefield  and  assinned  direct 
command  of  his  army.  Gordon  resimied  command  of  his  own  division. 
For  some  unkno\\-n  reason.  Early  ordered  the  successfid  attack  to 
cease  and  an  immediate  concentration  to  begin.  Although  there  was 
some  looting  in  the  Union  camps  and  some  straggling  and  scattering 
among  the  several  Confederate  divisions,  no  satisfactory  reason  has 
ever  been  given  for  Early's  action.  The  Confederates  "reorganized" 
^\hile  Sheridan  arrived  upon  the  field  and  assumed  command  of  his 
army.  At  4  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  a  Union  counterattack  was 
mounted  against  the  Confederate  left.  Despite  the  efforts  of  Ramseur, 
Pegram,  and  other  officers,  the  Confederate  left  flank  was  broken 
and  an  utter  rout  ensued.  Ramseur  fell  mortally  wounded  from  his 
horse  Tvhile  the  "glorious  fruits  of  the  morning's  vigor  were  turned 
to  ashes  by  the  evening's  delay."  The  guns  which  the  Confederates 
had  taken  Avere  recaptured,  along  with  thirty  of  their  own.  Many 
ambulances,  ordnance  wagons,  and  military  stores,  together  ^vith 
hundreds  of  prisoners,  were  captured.  The  mortally  wounded  Ram- 
seur was  captured,  carried  ta-^T5elle  Grove,"  Sheridan's  headquarters, 
and  died  the  following  day.M^ 

Early's  army  had  lost  over  1,500  casualties  during  the  battle, 
although  Early  would  write  Lee,  "My  men  ran  without  sufficient 
cause.  .  .  ."  Possibly  no  unit  suffered  more  terribly  than  did  the  Sixth 
Regiment.  Colonel  Tate  was  severely  wounded  in  the  left  ami,  a 
wound  i\hich  put  him  out  of  action  until  the  regiment  returned  to 
Petersburg.  Lieutenant  D.  Z.  Hardin  of  Company  A  was  wounded  in 
the  right  arm;  Private  Green  Roberts  of  Company  B  was  mortally 
wounded  in  the  head;  Corporal  C.  Craige  of  Company  G  was  killed; 
Lieutenant  G.  R.  ^faynard  of  Company  K,  the  good  friend  of  Private 


In  the  Field  Against  Sheridan  239 

(ohii  K.  \Valker,  was  missing  and  presumably  captured.  Altogether, 
the  regiment  suffered  a  loss  of  three  killed,  twenty-two  wounded,  and 
twenty-one  missing — a  grand  total  of  forty-seven.  Many  names  which 
had  been  on  the  regimental  muster  rolls  since  1861  would  now  be 
pemianently  otit  of  action:  Henderson  Warlick  of  Company  E; 
William  M.  Albright  and  Ransom  Burns  of  Company  F;  J.  H.  Up- 
church  and  ^Villiford  Upchurch  of  Company  I.  These  men,  whether 
they  were  killed,  wounded,  or  missing,  would  be  irreplaceable.  Their 
loss,  along  with  that  of  many  others,  sounded  the  death-knell  of  the 
valley  aniiy  and  the  Second  Corps,  as  well  as  the  loss  of  the  valley 
campaign.  In  spite  of  these  losses,  the  final  dissolution  of  the  Sixth 
Regiment  still  lay  ahead  in  the  mists  of  the  future.  There  would  be 
more  blood-shed,  much  more,  before  that.  U3i) 


XIII 


Fort  Stedman:  One  Last  Try 


".  .  .  the  command  was  gwen  to  go  forward  and  we  leaped 
over  the  breastworks  and  gave  a  yell  and  .  .  .  u'as  inside  of  the 
enemy   works.    ..." 

William  J.  Walker  to  his  parents. 
March   28,    1865. 


Early  succeeded  in  rallying  some  of  his  demoralized  men  at 
Fisher's  Hill,  but  was  unable  to  undo  the  results  of  the  reverse  at 
Cedar  Creek,  No  one  would  go  back  to  face  the  enemy  or  ti-y  to  re- 
rapture  the  lost  artillery  and  wagons,  although  Rosser's  cavalry  per- 
fonned  a  commendable  job  in  covering  the  retreat.  The  only  bright 
side  of  the  ledger  concerned  the  capture  of  1,300  Union  troops.  These 
men  Avere  gotten  a^vay  before  the  Confederate  line  broke,  and  were 
subsequently  sent  to  Staunton.  This  fact  didn't  change  the  spirits  of 
Early's  men.  They  had  been  ■■\\-hipped"  and  they  knew  it.  Even  an 
address  \\hich  Early  made  to  his  army  on  October  25  couldn't  change 
that  feeling.  Since  this  is  a  regimental  history  there  is  no  time  to 
cover  the  detailed  causes  of  the  defeat  here.  Let  it  be  sufficient  to  say 
that  Early  blamed  it  on  plundering  carried  on  by  his  men:  :\hile  the 
men  blamed  defeat  on  Early's  faulty  generalship.  No  one  has  been 
able  to  answer  the  question  to  everyone's  satisfaction. (Z^ 

The  Confederate  Army  withdrew  from  Fisher's  Hill  to  New 
Market  on  October  20.  The  initial  disorganization  and  panic  had 
somewhat  subsided  and  the  men,  no-\v  tired  of  campaigning,  mani- 
fested an  almost  universal  desire  to  go  into  \vinter  quarters.  (^ 

Although  the  Sixth  had  gone  into  action  at  Cedar  Creek  under 
Colonel  Tate,  that  officer's  severe  ann  ivound  necessitated  a  tem- 
poraiy  change.  During  Tate's  absence.  Captain  John  A.  McPherson 
of  Company  E  was  ordered  to  be  "acting  field  officer"  of  the  regiment. 
Brigadier  General  William  G.  Lewis,  formerly  in  command  of  the 
troops  outside  Plymouth,  returned  to  command  the  brigade  which 
he  had  left  in  early  August,  Plymouth  having  fallen  on  October  31 
to  a  LTnion  naval  and  land  attack.  In  spite  of  recent  Confederate  re- 
verses, the  still-defiant  brigadier  was  anxious  for  further  action.    All 

240 


Fort  Stedman:  One  Last  Try  241 

the  regiments  in  tlie  brigade  were  now  commanded  by  captains,  as 
if  to  illustrate  the  se\ere  attrition  \\hich  was  beginning  to  destroy  the 
Confederate  Amiy.  The  T^venty-first  was  commanded  by  Captain 
[ames  F.  Beall;  the  Fifty-fourth,  by  Captain  Limsford  A.  Paschall: 
the  Fifty-seventh,  by  Captain  John  Beard.  ^-^ 

John  K.  'Walker  had  been  ill  in  the  Confederate  military  hospital 
at  Gordonsville  during  the  Battle  of  Cedar  Creek  and  Early's  subse- 
tpient  ^vithdrawal  to  New  Market.  On  November  9,  he  ^\Tote  his 
parents  abotit  his  condition: 

I  thought  as  I  was  still  at  the  Hospital  that  you  \voidd  be  un- 
easv  about  me  and  ivant  to  learn  how  I  ^vas  getting  along  .  .  .  and 
think  that  I  will  be  able  to  go  to  the  Co.  in  the  course  of  a  -week 
or  two.  I  have  had  the  fever  and  the  Neuralgia  in  my  head,  and 
suffered  a  great  deal  but  am  considerably  on  the  mend.  The 
^\eather  is  rainy  and  bad  here.  Our  fair  is  very  common  here,  but 
about  like  all  other  hospitals  I  reckon.  We  have  a  very  good  Dr. 
in  my  Ward.  His  name  is  Dr.  Wilson  from  Hillsboro,  N.  C.  Q) 

Walker  had  heard  from  his  company,  in  camp  at  New  Market.  They 
had  lost  one  man  killed  and  two  wotmded  in  the  Battle  of  Cedar 
Creek — and  five  were  missing.  'W^alker  received  with  much  sorro'vv 
the  ne^\'s  that  his  sood  friend  Lieutenant  Mavnard  ^\-as  missing.  Little 
did  Walker  know  that  he  Avould  probably  never  see  Maynard  again, 
nor  would  he  rejoin  his  comrades  in  the  regiment  in  the  immediate 
future.  (^ 

It  \\-AS  just  as  well.  On  No\ember  10,  the  Sixth  marched  with 
Pegram's  division  in  a  brief  reconnaissance  to  ascertain  Sheridan's 
strengtlr.  The  march  carried  the  men  to  the  vicinity  of  the  Lhiion 
camp  at  Kernstown.  They  fought  a  brief  and  ineffectual  skinnish  at 
Newtoivn  on  the  12th,  and  ^vithdrew  to  the  safety  of  their  own  camp 
at  New  Market.  Little  is  knoivn  of  this  ej^pedition  except  that  it  ac- 
complished nothing  and  ^\as  soon  overrT"he  weather  ■was  now  be- 
coming too  cold  for  active  operations,  giving  the  men  the  impression 
that  the  season  for  campaigning  was  over  and  that  they  ^roidd  soon 
be  free  to  build  ivinter  quarters.  Everyone  wzs  happy  to  see  the  hard- 
working General  Le^vis  back  in  command  of  the  brigade.  He  ahvays 
thought  of  the  comfort  of  his  men  before  he  thought  of  his  o^vn.  As 
he  wrote  his  wife  on  November  16, 

1  have  a  good  deal  of  hard  -svork  to  do  for  a  while  to  put  my 
brigade  in  good  order  &  condition,  so  that  I  can  leave  it  for 
a^\'hile  Avithotu  feelina  uneasv  in  reoard  to  it.  Eventhing-  is 
getting  on  ^\ell  in  the  brigade  at  present,  &:  evei7one  seems  to  be 
satisfied  with  me. 

Although  the  wound  -ivhich  Lewis  had  recei^■ed  at  Stephenson's  Depot 
on  July  20  occasionally  gave  him  trouble,  it  was  slo^\ly   improving. 


242  The  Bloody  Sixth 

He  was  optimistic  about  moving  into  winter  quarters,  possibly  near 
Staunton,  Avhere  he  hoped  his  wife  could  join  him.  Like  evei-y  young 
husbaiid,  he  "had"  to  see  her  before  the  opening  of  the  spring  cam- 
paign.(i> 

In  mid-November,  the  iveather  tinned  cold  and  wet.  Snow  fell  on 
top  of  the  Blue  Ridge  while  "snow,  rain,  hail,  sleet,  &  murky  Weathei"" 
plagued  men  on  the  lower  levels.  On  November  18,  Lewis'  brigade 
was  moved  to  Lacy's  Springs,  ten  miles  south  of  New  Market.  The 
brigade  still  didn't  go  into  winter  quarters,  although  the  condition 
of  the  men  continued  to  improve.  Lewis  wrote. 

My  brigade  is  one  of  the  largest  up  here. 

The  men  soon  named  their  new  camp  "Camp  Ramseur,"  after  the 
brave  young  officer  who  had  led  them  from  June  1  to  September  20, 
1864.  The  mood  was  pensive  as  the  rains  fell  in  late  November, 
"spreading  gloom  over  this  beautiful  country."  Le^vis  sat  by  a  warm 
fire  and  dreamed  of  Tarboro  and  his  "darling  Mitte,"  the  wife  who 
remained  so  far  away.  A  letter  anived  from  General  Hoke,  now  in 
command  of  a  division  in  front  of  Petersburg,  ^vhich  expressed  satis- 
faction over  Lewis'  retinn  to  his  old  brigade.  As  Le^vis  explained  it, 

He  seems  to  want  no  one  else  to  command  it  but  me.  (£) 

In  late  November  the  strength  of  Pegram's  division  was  listed  as 
2,493  who  were  present  for  diuy,  although  8,268  were  "aggregate 
present  and  absent."  Several  men  received  promotions  in  the  Sixth 
Regiment  during  this  period:  Martin  L.  Snipes  was  promoted  to 
Second  Lieutenant  in  Company  D:  Samuel  C.  Vance,  to  Second  Lieu- 
tenant in  Company  E;  and  William  T.  Covington,  to  the  same  rank 
in  Company  H.  Snipes  got  his  appointment  on  November  7;  Vance 
and  Covington  received  theirs  on  December  2.  Promotions  had  to 
continue  to  fill  positions  which  had  been  made  vacant  by  months  and 
years  of  hard  campaigning.(T) 

A  move  was  in  the  wind  as  November  drew  to  a  close.  The  talk 
pointed  towards  a  march  in  the  direction  of  Waynesboro,  but,  as  John 
K.  Walker  said,  "I  cant  tell  whether  we  will  or  not  yet  awhile."  Young 
Walker  had  returned  to  the  Sixth  on  November  30  to  find  evei^one 
well  and  in  good  spirits.  Camp  Ramseur  was  a  pleasant  place,  eight 
miles  north  of  HaiTisonburg  and  thirty-three  miles  above  Staunton. 
The  weather  was  very  cool,  almost  wintry,  but  good  enough  to  drill  in, 
an  exercise  in  which  the  Sixth  Regiment  participated  twice  a  day. 
Orders  were  strict  as  Lewis  and  Pegram  tried  to  restore  the  morale  of 
their  men.  News  of  Rosser's  success  at  New  Creek,  West  Virginia 
with  the  captine  of  five  hundred  prisoners,  the  destruction  of  the 
garrison's   supplies,   and    the    tearing    up   of   miles   of    track    on    the 


Fort  Stedman:  One  Last  Try  243 

Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad  cheered  the  men,  who  were  still  anxious 
to  score  a  success  against  the  enemy.  Life  at  Camp  Ramseur  was  good, 
for  that  period  in  the  war.  Meals  \vere  sen'ed  to  the  men  twice  a  day 
and  some  foraging  was  permitted.  Unfortunately,  nothing  had  been 
heard  of  the  lamented  Lieutenant  Maynard.  Walker  had  heard  diat  he 
A\-as  dead  but  hoped  "that  is  not  so."  Company  K  had  been  tem- 
porarily merged  with  another  company,  because  of  the  small  size  of 
the  two  luiits.  Although  Walker's  health  continued  to  improve  and 
he  had  just  returned  to  the  regiment  after  a  raondi's  absence,  he  was 
still  anxious  to  go  home  and  see  his  family.  Pride  and  nostalgia  were 
mingled  in  dre  young  soldier's  words  ivhen  he  wrote, 

I   woidd   like  very  well   to  be   at  home   to   eat   home   spiced 
eatables. 

He  hadn't  heard  from  home  in  three  months  but  wanted  to  go  there 
to  see  the  neighborhood  and  "the  girls  and  all  the  rest."  War  was 
hard.  Captain  \'incent  was  still  absent  at  home,  and  Lieutenant 
Maynard  and  Bill  Hurdle,  both  good  friends  of  Walker,  were  still 
missing  and  now  believed  to  be  dead.  Probably  tjie  war  woidd  never 
end,  but  one  could  always  hope  that  it  would.   03) 

The  regiment  moved  to  \Vaynesboro,  a  distance  of  forty  miles 
from  Lacy's  Springs,  on  December  5  and  6.  On  the  evening  of  the 
sixth  the  entire  brigade  was  placed  on  a  train  on  the  Virginia  Central 
Railroad  and  moved  through  the  Blue  Ridge  Tunnel.  Their  desti- 
nation was  Petersbiug.  On  December  8,  the  train  rolled  into  Peters- 
burg and  the  men  disembarked  for  the  lines  south  of  town.  Now  they 
were  back  again,  back  in  the  wai!  The  men  marched  to  Hatcher's 
Run,  fourteen  miles  soiuhwest  of  the  town  on  December  9.  At  last 
they  would  face  die  enemy  again;  at  last  they  woidd  have  a  chance 
to  even  the  score.  ^ 

The  men  did  not  participate  in  any  fighting — not  this  time.  The 
brigade  returned  form  this  expedition,  a  mere  reconnaissance  on  the 
same  day,  and  went  into  camp  in  General  James  G.  Lane's  old  winter 
quarters,  diree  miles  southwest  of  Petersburg.  Rimrors  flitted  through 
the  camp  about  A.  P.  Hill's  movement  toward  Belfield  on  the  Peters- 
burg and  Weldon  Railroad.  Talk  buzzed  over  news  of  Hill's  victory, 
but  as  far  as  the  Sixth  was  concerned,  it  was  only  talk.  They  had  no 
\\ay  to  be  sure,  although  the  rumor  cheered  the  men  up.  For  them  it 
ivould  be  long  days  and  nights  on  picket  duty  in  the  snow-covered 
trenches  with  Grant's  army  only  a  few  yards  away.    Men  suffered  in 

:  the  intense  cold  and  prayed  that  they  would  be  allowed  to  remain  in 
permanent  winter  quarters.  Some  thought  that  the  regiment  would 
assimie  a  position  to  the  north  of  Petersburg,  on  the  other  side  of 

,£  Richmond.  Until  the  rumor  became  a  reality,  the  men  could  only 


244  The  Bloody  Sixth 

stay  where  they  were  and  make  the  best  of  it.  Their  position  was 
only  two  hundred  yards  from  the  enemy,  immediately  below  Peters- 
burg. It  was  a  hell,  with  hea%'y  cannonading  heard  all  the  time  .  .  . 
and  the  continuous  cold.  The  night  of  December  11  "was  the  coldest 
night  we  have  had  this  winter."  Fortunately,  Colonel  Tate  had  re- 
cently returned  to  lead  the  regiment  once  more.  The  men  of  Company 
K  were  still  looking  for  their  commander,  Captain  Vincent,  who  was 
due  at  any  time.  John  K.  Walker  could  ^vrite  his  brother  Bill  on 
December  12  as  he  stood  on  picket  duty  in  the  cold  below  Petersburg: 

Billie  I  understand  that  you  are  coming  out  on  a  visit,  but  I 
will  advise  you  to  stay  at  home  as  long  as  you  can  because  we 
have  got  no  winters  Quarters  provided  yet  at  all,  and  I  want  you  to 
bring  me  some  things  from  home  but  if  you  have  to  come  in  less 
time  than  two  weeks,  you  need  not  start  with  any  Box.  because  I 
will  not  be  allowed  the  privillege  to  enjoy  it  and  you  need  not 
start  with  it  but  I  want  you  to  bring  me  my  black  mixed  round  ' 
about  coat  and  the  yello-\v  silk  hankerchief  and  my  gloves  and  my 
shoes  if  you  have  got  them  made  and  if  you  have  not  got  them 
made  it  dont  matter.  I  have  got  a  pr.  now,  and  bring  my  old 
leggings  also,  and  tell  Mother  to  dye  my  overcoat  black  and  send 
it  to  me,  and  send  me  that  little  tobacco  pouch  that  I  sent  home 
[the]  leather  one.  .  .  (^ 

Walker  didn't  need  a  blanket,  he  had  t\\'o  already;  but  he  wanted 
a  tent  fly.  He  didn't  u'ant  Bill  to  bring  a  box  since  they  couldn't 
enjoy  it  unless  daey  were  permanently  settled  in  winter  quarters. 
Even  as  he  wrote  he  could  see  one  of  the  enemy  "vei^  easy"  from 
^vhere  he  stood.  The  pickets  didn't  fire  at  each  other,  but  only  stood 
and  looked,  possibly  because  of  some  private  agreement  along  that 
part  of  the  line  to  hold  their  fire.  In  the  distance  the  dull  thud  of 
heavy  artillery  could  be  heard  on  the  other  side  of  Petersbing.  Heavy 
firing  was  also  heard  to  the  west,  on  the  right  of  the  regimental  line. 
In  spite  of  the  nearness  of  war  and  the  feeling  that  instant  death  was! 
just  aroimd  the  corner,  the  men  in  Company  K  were  well,  includingj 
Walker^,.__u'ho  had  no^v  completely  recovered  from  his  November 
illness.  (/£/ 

By  mid-December  a  site  had  been  selected  for  permanent  winter 
quarters.  The  location  was  on  the  Boydton  Plant  Road,  half  a  mile 
below  Biugess'  Mills  and  near  Dinwiddie  Court  House.  The  camp 
\\'as  five  miles  south  of  Sidlivan's  Depot  on  the  important  Southside 
Railroad,  one  of  Lee's  major  supply  lines,  which  ran  fi^om  Petersbing 
to  Lynchburg.  The  men  were  busy  cutting  down  trees  and  trimming 
logs  to  make  their  huts.  John  K.  Walker  wrote,  "I  am  going  to  fix 
me  up  a  bidly  House."  Brigadier  General  Le\\'is  explained. 


Fort  Stedman:  One  Last  Try  245 

I  am  now  buikliiig  a  conitortaljlc  iloiihie  cabin,  with  plank 
floors,  &  brick  tacecl  chimneys  in  a  very  retned  quiet  phice  away 
from  the  troops.  Dr.  Sutton  has  iurniture  lor  two  rooms  which  is 
in  Richmond.  I  can  easily  get  it  here.  He  has  kindly  insisted  on 
my  taking  as  much  of  it  as  I  want.  I  am  about  fifteen  miles  from 
Stony  Creek  on  the  Weldon  &;  Petersbing  Rail  Road,  &  can  easily 
get  ^vhat  provisions  we  will  need  from  Edgecombe.^Jy) 

The  young  brigadier  wanted  his  M'iie,  Afitte,  to  join  him  in  camp  as 
soon  as  possible.  In  case  of  any  trouble  with  the  enemy  he  was  pre- 
pared to  send  her  to  Sullivan's  Depot  for  refuge,  "where  Dr.  Sutton 
will  probably  have  his  wife."  Even  as  Lewis  wrote,  the  sounds  of  build- 
ing went  on  all  around  him.  The  men  ivere  detennined  to  go  into 
winter  quarters  before  they  saw  fmther  action. (~^ 

With  Christmas  almost  upon  the  army  and  with  the  brigade  still 
not  installed  in  permanent  quarters,  VV'alker  decided  to  ask  his 
brotlier  Bill  for  those  articles  from  home.  These  included  overcoats, 
handkerchiefs,  suspenders,  shoes,  gloves,  envelopes,  leggings,  knap- 
sacks, haversacks,  and  "that  little  leather  tobacco  pouch  I  sent  home." 
Bill  could  also  bring  good  things  to  eat,  many  of  which  were  un- 
obtainable in  camp,  things  like  middling  meat,  sweet  potatoes,  turnips, 
and  butter  "if  you  have  it."  The  young  soldier  especially  desired  a 
bottle  of  brandy  "for  Christmas."  Bill  coidd  carry  all  these  articles 
if  he  got  on  the  train  at  the  Haw  River  House,  a  station  near  Meb- 
anesville  on  the  North  Carolina  Railroad.  When  BiJLLoot  to  Sullivan's 
Depot  he  would  be  met  by  the  regimental  ivagon.(^_£J 

The  men  in  the  Sixth  didn't  ahvays  ^vant  things  from  home.  They 
were  also  willing  to  help  unfortunate  North  Carolinians  on  the 
home  front.  In  late  December,  Colonel  Tate  emphasized  this  attitude 
by  giving  S585  to  Governor  Vance.  The  money  had  been  con- 
tributed by  tlie  members  of  the  regiment  "for  the  benefit  of  destitute 
women  &  children  [soldiers'  families]  in  North  Carolina."  Varux  ^vas 
asked  to  use  the  money  at  his  discretion  to  help  the  needy.  (^ 

On  January  10,  1865,  Tate  wrote  Goxernor  Vance  to  protest  a 
proposition  by  the  Confederate  Congress  to  "consolidate  companies. 
Battalions  and  Regiments:  into  single  units."  Tate  felt  that  this  action 
woidil  "injuriously  effect  us."  He  protested: 

We  were  organized  into  a  Regiment  in  the  Spring  of  1861  by 
authority  of  North  Carolina  la^v  and  for  the  war,  under  what  is 
known  at  home  as  the  'Ten  Regiments  Bill'.  The  original  design 
was  to  use  us  as  a  Regidar  Army  for  State  defence,  hence  ^\■e  the 
Regimen^  from  1st  the  10th  are  called  North  Carolina  State 
Troops.!^) 

The  colonel  reminded  '\'ance  that  the  Sixth  had  been  rushed  to 
Virginia  soon  after  its  organization,  "owing  to  a  pressing  emergency." 


246  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Shortly  after  this,  in  the  summer  of  1861,  the  North  Carolina  Seces- 
sion Convention  had  passed  an  ordinance  which  "turned  over"  the 
regiment  to  Confederate  control.  However,  there  were  several  reser- 
vations in  this  ordinance.  One  said  that  the  governor  of  North 
Carolina  retained  control  of  the  method  of  filling  regimental  vacan- 
cies; the  other  gave  the  governor  the  power  to  commission  officers. 
Recently  the  Sixth  had  suffered  heavy  losses:  4  officers  and  300  men 
had  been  captured  at  Rappahannock  Station  on  November  7,  1863; 
1  officer  and  74  men  hacl  been  captured  in  the  1864  campaigns  in 
North  Carolina  and  the  Shenandoah  Valley.  After  all  this,  the  Sixth 
could  still  muster  13  officers  and  340  men  fit  for  duty.  Six  officers 
and  244  men  were  absent  at  home  or  sick  in  hospitals.  This  gave  Jlie 
regiment  a  "paper"  total  of  43  officers  and  960  men  on  the  rolls,  (ijj 

Tate  felt  that  if  all  the  captuied  men  were  with  the  regiment 
the  Consolidation  Act  "would  not  effect  us,"  even  if  the  Confederate 
Congress  had  the  authority  to  legislate  in  this  case.  The  numbers  of 
the  regiment  would  be  above  any  limits  which  the  congress  would 
set.  Tate  continued  in  a  biust  of  eloquence; 

We  desire  to  protest  against  any  consolidation  which  can 
effect  our  designation  or  any  officer  or  man  in  our  organization, 
first  upon  the  groimd  that  being  created  by  a  special  law,  and 
organized  for  the  ivar,  we  are  entitled  to  exist,  as  such  for  the 
full  temi.  Second,  if  reasonable  time  is  given  us  we  will  have  a 
larger  number  present  than  will  be  required  by  Congress,  &  that 
it  is  particularly  unjust  to  our  brethern  in  captivity,  that  they 
shoidd  be  deprived  of  their  offices  &:  officers,  and  upon  tlreir 
return  to  their  own  country,  subjected  to  conscription,  men  who 
were  the  vei^  first  to  volunteer  in  the  States  defence,  and  that  too, 
without  limit  as  to  time.  We  have  a  histoi^  ^vhich  it  is  desired  to 
perpetuate,  and  whatever  of  character  this  Regiment  has  made 
from  first  Manassas  to  tire  present  should,  in  justice  to  our 
heroic  dead,  be  preserved.  I  hold  my  commission  from  the  Gover- 
nor of  North  Carolina.  I  expect  to  be  invited  before  a  'Board  of  | 
General  Officers'  for  examination  for  Confederate  appointment. 
[Tjo  appear  before  this  'board'  would  place  me  in  the  position 
of  acquiescing  in  the  destruction  of  oiu'  old  organization./W/ 

Tate  could  not  follow  any  coiuse  \vhich,  although  of  possible  benefit 
to  himself,  would  betray  "those  who  have  stood  with  me  on  so  many 
victorious  fields."  He  hoped  that  the  governor  would  protect,  the 
regiment  and  preserve  it  under  state  control  as  he  thought  best.(^ 

Vance  refeired  the  matter  to  North  Carolina's  eminent  Confeder- 
ate senator,  William  A.  Graham,  and  called  attention  through  him 
to  the  North  Carolina  congressional  delegation.  Vance  added  the 
postscript,  "Our  people  at  home  equally  with  the  army  are  opposed 


Fort  Stedman:  One  Last  Try  247 

to    this    consolidation."    The    Sixth    never    was    "consolidated,"    but 
fought  to  the  end  of  the  war  as  an  independent  unit. 

Governor  Vance  received  another  petition  for  assistance  on  January 
24.  This  one  came  from  the  "N.  C.  Soldiers  of  Lee's  Amiy,"  who 
were  anxious  about  the  condition  of  their  ^\ives  and  children  back 
home  in  North  Carolina.  These  men,  many  of  them,  had  been  at  the 
front  for  nearly  four  years,  "endeavoring  to  keep  the  Enemy  back." 
The  petition  expressed  the  hope  that  Governor  Vance  would  do 
something  to  stop  the  terrible  inflation  which  was  the  cause  of  so 
much  suffering  on  the  home  front.  The  men  could  face  the  enemy, 
could  "hear  their  shot  and  shell  \vithout  being  moved,"  but  couldn't 
stand  to  hear  news  of  the  suffering  of  their  "little  ones."  Something 
had  to  be  done  to  relieve  the  situation.  Also,  the  men  in  the  trenches 
in  front  of  Petersburg  suffered  from  lack  of  food  and  insufficient 
clothing.  If  they  were  healthy,  the  petition  contintied,  they  would 
not  complain:  but  when  they  were  sick  and  wounded  and  confined 
in  hospitals  they  did  not  receive  proper  food.  The  men  felt  that 
"Something  should  be  done  to  remedy  these  evils."  If  something 
could  be  done  to  alleviate  the  suffering  on  the  home  front  the  men 
promised  to  stop  the  flood  of  desertion  which  was  then  threatening  to 
decimate  Lee's  army,  "and  men  ^\'ill  go  into  battle  ^vith  heartier  good 
will."  The  Sixth's  participation  in  the  framing  of  this  petition  is  not 
knoivn,  liut  it  certainly  mirrored  some  of  the  more  unpleasant  condi- 
tions in  the  regiment  during  January  and  February,  1865.(^3' 

As  military  acti\ities  ceased  with  the  Januai7  cold,  furloughs  be- 
came more  common.  Privates  Jordan  Wilson  and  Bedford  Ballard  of 
Company  K,  Sixth  Regiment  prepared  to  leave  for  home.  Captain 
Vincent,  the  company  commander,  received  a  furlough  and  left 
immediately  for  Alamance  County;  even  John  K.  Walker,  a  man  who 
didn't  seen^  to  mind  amiy  life  or  hardships,  was  in  hopes  that  he 
would  "get  a  furloe  this  winter  myself."  Everyone  in  Company  K 
continued  to  fare  Avell,  in  spite  of  the  "very  cool"  weather  of  mid- 
January.  Even  Jimmy  Squires,  who  was  occasionally  sick  with  colds, 
was  "ivell  and  hearty."  The  optimism  of  the  men  in  Company  K  was 
remarkable,  especially  because  the  situation  facing  Lee's  army,  now  ^~ 
under  close  siege  in  the  Petersburg  trenches,  was  becoming  hopeless. C£ji^ 

On  February  5,  the  Sixth  \vas  engaged  in  the  Battle  of  Burgess' 
Mill  ^vhen  the  enemy  attempted  to  tiun  Lee's  right  Hank  by  marching 
up  the  Boydton  Plank  Road.  General  John  Pegram,  the  regiment's 
daring  division  commander,  was  mortally  wounded  in  the  encounter. 
Because  of  the  hard  resistance  of  the  Confederates,  Grant  failed  in 
his  effort  to  reach  the  Southside  Railroad  and  roll  up  Lee's  right 
flank,  but  the  LInion  lines  were  now  extended  to  the  point  where  the 
Boydton  Plank  Road  crossed  Hatcher's  Run  at  a  potQt  about  midway 
bet^reen  Petersbvng  and  Dinwiddle  Court  House>-<After  the  battle 


248  The  Bi-00di'  Sixth 

everything  became  quiet  on  the  Hnes  about  Hatcher's  Run,  although 
it  was  an  uneasy  quiet.  The  Sixth  Regiment  remained  in  its  old  camp 
near  Sullivan's  Depot.  A  detachment  from  Le-svis'  brigade  was.  placed 
on  picket  duty  eveiy  three  days.  Although  the  health  of  the  men 
continued  to  be  generally  good,  the  weather  had  taken  a  decided  turn 
for  the  Avorse.  A  heavy  sleet  fell  on  the  night  of  February  14,  making 
the  cold  almost  unbearable.  All  this,  the  cold  weather  and  the 
intolerable  trench  ^varfare,  made  John  K.  Walker  extremely  anxious 
to  get  his  hoped-for  furlough.  He  wrote  a  younger  brother: 

There  is  another  furloe  gone  up  for  oia-  Co.  John  Allison.  I 
dont  knoAv  ^vhether  I  will  get  one  this  winter  or  not,  but  if  they 
continue  to  furloe  it  is  very  probably  that  I  will  get  one  ifL  the 
spring.  I  \vould  like  the  best  in  the  world  to  get  one  soon/',26) 

Walker  had  written  his  mother,  asking  her  to  send  him  his  "dagara- 
type"  Avhich  he  had  had  taken  at  Company  Shops  back  in  1861.  He 
wanted  to  have  it  taken  again,  possibly  to  show  that  nearly  four 
years  of  warfare  had  made  a  difference  in  his  appearance.  He  planned 
to  send  some  caps  and  gunpowder  home,  so  that  Bill  could  "squirrel 
hunt  as  much  as  he  wants."  Walker  wanted  his  brother  to  stav  home 
as  long  as  possible.  There  was  no  need  for  him  to  come  and  share  the 
hardships  of  the  Petersburg  line,  even  if  there  were  a  temporary  lulL, 
in  the  fighting  and  the  men  were  doing  fairly  well  at  the  moment.  (^ 

The  appearance  of  a  great  calm  fell  over  the  section  of  line  held 
by  the  Sixth  North  Carolina.  Towards  the  end  of  Februaiy  the  regi- 
ment was  placed  under  marching  orders.  A  rumor  circidated  that  the 
men  -ivould  return  to  either  North  Carolina  or  South  Carolina.  Some  |l 
men  thought  that  the  regiment  would  simply  "fall  back  a  short  ''i 
distance."  They  were  still  encamped  in  the  old  cabins  near  Bin-gess'  p 
Mill  left  by  General  Heth's  division,  having  named  their  camp  "Camp 
Godwin"  in  honor  of  the  gallant  brigadier  Avho  had  been  killed  in 
the  rout  at  Winchester.  The  building  of  new  cabins,  delayed  by  the 
action  of  Burgess'  Mill  in  early  February,  was  still  proceeding.  Men 
■were  digging  in  the  half-frozen  earth,  making  the  foundations  of 
cabins  and  building  ever  higher  breastworks  to  stop  the  enemy.  The 
most  disturbing  news  of  all  concerned  the  suspension  of  all  finloughs, 
except  one  to  each  himdred  men.  Officers  were  given  none  at  all. 
John  K.  ^Valker  reported:  ( 


...  if  that  be  the  case  you  need  not  look  for  me  at  home  this 
Spring  but  I  am  in  hopes  that  they  commence  gi\ing  furloes 
again  if  the  weather  sets  in  bad,  but  as  long  as  the  weather  con- 
tinues good  I  dont  think  that  there  ^vill  be  many  given,  but  I 
will  make  the  best  of  it  that  I  can./O, 


Fort  Stedman:  One  Last  Try  249 

It  tlitlii't  really  matter  about  the  liirloughs.  The  ^^■eather  had 
"faired  off"  putting  an  end  to  the  continuous  rain  and  sleet  which 
had  plagued  the  men  all  ^\inter.  A  faint  hint  of  spring  in  the  air  gave 
the  men  pleasant  thoughts  and  made  them  feel  good.  Walker  asked 
his  folks  for  some  soap,  a  cap  pouch,  and  txvo  leather  straps.  A  man 
needed  to  be  clean  and  ready,  ready  for  the  war  which  was  still  going 
on  some^vhere  out  in  front  on  the  other  side  of  the  breastworks.  (£_^ 

There  was  one  bright  side  to  this  interminable  ^var  in  the 
trenches.  The  home  folks  weren't  forgetting  their  men  at  the  front. 
On  March  4,  Pegram's  division  received  twenty-five  pounds  of  flour, 
ten  pounds  of  bacon,  ham,  sausage,  "pyes,"  fruit,  peas,  cakes,  molasses, 
potatoes,  pork  backbone  and  ribs,  pepper,  turnips,  and  brandy — a 
total  \alue  of  $577.50.  It  is  difficult  to  say  ^vhat  was  the  most  welcome 
conmiodity.  Possibly  it  was  the  ijrantly,  but  since  the  men  had  different 
tastes  ^ve  cannot  be  certain. (^) 

Other  things  had  been  enjoyed  during  the  winter.  In  late  Februai"y 
General  Lewis'  principal  distraction,  his  wife  JMitte  who  had  been 
visiting  the  army,  was  placed  into  an  army  ^vagon  and  sent  to  the 
railroad  depot  at  Sullivan's  Station  for  the  long  ride  back  to  Tarboro. 
Le\\is,  grieving  at  his  wife's  departure,  wrote  to  her  in  early  March: 

I  still  li\e  in  oiu-  "log  palace"  but  it  is  not  the  palace  of  happi- 
ness as  it  WHS  a  iew  days  ago  .... 

No  other  than  such  a  course  as  that  in  which  we  are  now 
engaged,  could  possibly  induce  me  to  seperate  from  you  atal;  and 
the  great  sense  of  duty  I  feel  towards  my  counti^  alone  renders 
it  bearable.  . 


It  ^\as  difficult  for  a  soldier  to  sit  in  a  clamp  cabin  with  the  rain  poiu- 
i|  ing  doivn  around  it  and  dream  of  other  faces  and  better  days.  This 
i\  problem  was  made  more  difficult  by  the  thought  that  Sherman  was 
i\  no^v  approaching  North  Carolina  in  his  great  sweep  through  the 
I'  South.  Le^vis  hoped  that  his  wife  would  go  up  to  Chapel  Hill  to  his 
(!  mother  and  sister.  It  would  be  better  to-do  that  than  stay  in  Tarboro 
j;,  "to  be  exposed  to  insidts  &:  suffering. "(£^ 

i  The  men  in  the  Sixth  had  little  time  to  think  about  the  fate  of 
tl'  their  families  back  home,  although  many  of  them  tlid.  In  early  March, 
■\'j  Bill  ^Valker  left  Mebanesville  and  rejoined  the  Sixth  Regiment  at 
.'I  Camp  Godwin.  On  March  15,  the  day  after  Bill  reached  his  friends  in 
j'l  Company  K,  the  regiment  broke  camp  and  marched  ^vith  the  rest  of 
■>!,  Lewis'  brigade  to  the  other  side  of  Petersburg.    They  reached   their 

I  destination  after  a  hard  day's  march.  When  dawn  broke  they  found 
.j  themselves  stationed  immediately  behind  the  huge  hole  made  by  die 

(crater  explosion  of  July,   1864.    Here  the  men  were  only  fifty  yards 

jfrom  the  enemy's  line,  a  fact  wliich  called  for  special  camping  anange- 
ments.  Holes  were  dug  in  the  ground  and  little  tents  stretched  over 


250  The  Bloody  Sixth 

them.  Bill  Walker  wrote:  "evei^  time  a  man  shows  his  head  he  is 
shot."  The  hardships  of  the  position  and  the  poor  rations  soon  caused 
many  of  the  men  to  be  discouraged  by  the  war  and  tired  of  the  long 
separation  from  their  families.  Why  had  they  been  moved  to  the 
east  of  Petersburg?  What  was  in  store  for  them?(53^ 

The  March  days  passed  slowly  with  the  barest  hint  of  spring  in 
the  air.  At  night  the  Sixth  was  engaged  in  continuous  sharpshooting 
with  the  Union  pickets;  during  the  day  the  lines  were  silent.  Some- 
times the  men  talked  to  each  other  aaoss  the  intervening  space  of 
no  man's  land.  On  occasion  newspajiers  were  exchanged,  before  the 
authorities  on  both  sides  put  a  stop  to  it.  John  K.  Walker  thought 
that  most  of  the  men  were  contented  with  their  lot,  although  many 
hoped  die  war  -would  soon  be  over.  John's  younger  brother  Levi 
was  attending  the  famed  Bingham  School  in  Alebanesville,  a  fact 
which  made  John  very  proud.  He  wanted  Levi  to  be  "a  good  boy," 
and  try  to  learn  all  he  could.  It  was  good  to  be  "on  the  right  side  of 
your  teacher."  The  news  of  the  death  of  Lhicle  George  Walker  had 
saddened  both  John  and  Bill,  but  they  took  the  news  bravely,  as 
soldiers  are  supposed  to  do.  If  only  Shemian  didn't  get  to  Alamance 
County  everything  would  be  all  right.(j^ 

The  Sixth  Regiment  had  been  moved  to  the  east  of  Petersburg 
for  a  purpose.  As  the  approach  of  General  Sherman's  army  was 
heralded  by  many  dispatches  from  General  Joseph  E.  Johnston,  com- 
manding Confederate  forces  in  North  Carolina,  and  after  Johnston's 
failure  to  stop  Sherman  at  Bentonville  on  March  19-21,  Lee  deter- 
mined upon  a  desperate  stroke.  On  the  right  of  the  Union  Line,  near 
the  point  where  it  crossed  the  Appomattox  River  to  the  east  of 
Petersburg,  stood  Fort  Stedman.  This  work  was  built  on  tlie  Union 
main  line  near  the  white  house  of  Mr.  Hare.  The  eminence  upon 
which  the  fort  and  house  stood  was  therefore  known  as  Hare's  Hill. ! 
On  the  bank  of  the  Appomattox  River  stood  Fort  Haskell,  a  position 
whidi  had  annoyed  the  Confederates  with  a  heavy  enfilading  fire  for 
most  of  the  siege.  Three  smaller  forts  crowned  the  hills  behind  Forts 
Haskel  and  Stedman.  Heavy  Union  breastworks,  in  some  places  three 
lines  deep,  protected  the  flanks  of  these  forts.  Because  of  the  strength 
of  the  position,  the  Union  works  were  lightly  manned.  Lee  determined 
to  assault  this  line  with  part  of  Gordon's  corps — the  brigades  of 
Ransom,  Walker,  and  Lewis.  If  the  Confederates  were  successfid  they 
might  be  able  to  roll  the  Union  line  back  along  their  entrenchments 
to  the  south.  Grant  would  therefore  be  forced  to  curtail  his  lines,  now 
extending  in  a  strangle-hold  around  Petersbiug  and  threatening  the 
last  rail  link  with  the  South,  the  Soiithside  Railroad.  Lee  coidd  then 
send  part  of  his  amiy  to  North  Carolina,  unite  %vith  Johnston's 
diminished  force,  and  give  battle  to  Sherman.  If  Shennan  were  de^ 
feated  the  combined  armies  i\ould  return  and  attack  Grant — provided 


Fort  Stedman:  One  Last  Try  251 

that  the  latter  remained  in  his  position  belore  Petersburg.  It  was  a 
gamble  against  long  odds,  but  Lee  and  his  men  were  used  to  taking 
chances.  If  Lee  were  repulsed  at  Hare's  Hill  he  could  at  least  hold  his 
position  before  Petersburg  and  would  be  in  his  familiar  defensive 
posture — he  thought.  (^V 

The  assaidt  upon  the  I'nion  works  was  set  for  the  early  morning 
of  March  25.  On  the  evening  of  the  24th,  the  color  bearer  of  the 
Fifty-seventh  North  Carolina  was  walking  along  the  breastworks  when 
he  heard  the  sound  of  casual  bantering  between  the  pickets  of  the 
opposing  armies.  He  then  realized  that  something  important  was 
afoot  since  "such  interchange  of  Avords  was  not  allowed  ordinarily." 
In  the  early  darkness  Lieutenant  Jim  Edmondson  of  Company  F, 
Fifty-seventh  Regiment  came  to  the  color  bearer  and  asked  for  his 
assistance  in  picking  a  group  of  six  men  from  the  company.  These 
men  would  be  part  of  a  special  group  of  sixtv^who  were  to  perform 
"some  special  duty  unknown  to  any  of  us."  (ffej 

At  daivn  the  Twenty-fifth,  Fifty-seventh,  and  Sixth  North  Carolina 
Regiments  were  silently  moved  forward  in  line  of  battle  on  that 
portion  of  the  line  opposite  Fort  Stedman.  Lieutenant  Thomas  R. 
Roulhac  of  the  Forty-ninth  and  Lieutenant  W.  W.  Fleming  of  the 
Sixth  ^vere  quickly  moved  forward  at  the  head  of  a  coliunn  of  men, 
some  with  axes,  the  others  with  muskets.  Roulhac's  men  canied  un- 
loaded ^s'eapons:  half  of  Fleming's  men  carried  axes;  the  others 
carried  loaded  muskets.  With  a  rush  this  advance  column  charged 
the  LInion  works.  The  axemen  began  tearing  away  the  abattis  and 
stakes  in  front  of  Fort  Stedman.  The  main  line  \\aited  for  the  order 
'attenshon,"  which  was  immediately  given,  followed  by  the  order  to 
move  forward  at  a  double  quick.  The  men  of  the  Sixth  leaped  over 
their  own  breastworks,  uttered  one  mighty  rebel  yell,  and  charged 
Fort  Stedman.  Before  the  men  knew  it  they  were  inside  the  LInion 
works,  hacking  and  slashing  at  the  surprised  garrison.  Five  hundred 
astonished  LInion  troops  threw  up  their  hands  and  surrendered.  Nine 
pieces  of  artillery  and  eight  mortars  were  captured.  The  Confederates 
branched  off  into  the  main  line  of  Union  breastworks  and  cleared 
the  line  for  a  distance  of  four  or  five  hundred  yards  on  the  right  and 
left  of  the  fort.  Two  determined  Union  efforts  to  recaptine  the  line 
were  lejnilsed  witli  heavy  loss  on  both  sides.  The  Confederates  found, 
however,  that  they  still  had  to  capture  three  small  earthworks  behind 
the  main  line,  earthworks  which  had  not  been  noticed  in  the  lecon- 
naissance  which  preceded  the  attack.  General  Gordon,  leading  the 
Confederate  attack,  was  notified  of  this  condition.  He  immediately 
ordered  his  men  to  ■i\ithdraw,  fearful  of  the  heav7  loss  which  must 
be  suffered  if  his  men  were  forced  to  continue  the  attack  asainst  the 

O 

now  thoroughly  aroused  enemy.  The  Confederates  in  captured  Fort 
Stedman  Avere  soon  subjected   to  a   terrific  crossfire  from  their  front 


252  The  Bloody  Sixth 

and  on  both  flanks.  Some  of  the  men  began  to  plunder  the  deserted 
Union  camp  at  the  fort.  Coats,  blankets,  knapsacks,  haversacks,  can- 
teens, "and  everything  that  you  could  mention"  were  picked  up,  but 
thrown  down  again  when  the  retreat  began.  As  the  morning  passed 
and  their  losses  grew  heavy,  the  trapped  men  began  to  run  the  gaimt- 
let  of  fire  back  to  their  own  lines.  Union  artillery  began  to  play  upon 
the  position,  outlining  the  Confederates  in  the  bursts  of  shellfire.  At 
9  o'clock  the  adjutant  of  Gordon's  division  ordered  the  regimental 
color  bearers  to  rim  through  the  Union  fire  and  plant  their  colors 
back  inside  the  Confederate  lines.  When  the  men  saw  that  their  colors 
had  been  withdrawn,  they  began  to  Avithdra^v  first  in  small  groups  and 
then,  aboHis,10  o'clock,  with  the  mad  rush  of  terror-stricken  demoral- 
ized menV-William  [.  Walker,  of  the  Sixth,  Avrote, 

...  it  looked  almost  impossible  for  any  of  us  to  escape  ■(s'hen 
we  were  ordered  to  retreat  the  grape  and  shell  were  comeing  so 
thick  that  some  laid  down  and  was  taken  prisoners  but  ^dien  I 
thought  of  Point  Look[out]  you  better  know  I  come  out.  ^£^ 

Both  Bill  and  [ohn  Walker  escaped,  but  many  other  men  in  Com- 
pany K,  the  Sixth  Regiment,  and  Le^\•is'  brigade  had  not  been  so 
fortunate.  Private  fames  Turner  of  Company  I  had  been  "killed  dead" 
with  a  bullet  through  the  head.  Privates  Levi  Allen  and  Harvey 
Workman  of  the  same  company  were  ^\'Olmded  severely.  The  company 
lost  Bedford  Merthes,  William  Miles,  John  Alerson,  and  Jacob  Walker 
as  prisoners.  The  Sixth  Regiment  lost  five  killed,  t\\enty-five  ^vounded, 
and  thirty-nine  missing.  Colonel  Tate  was  severely  wounded  and  had 
to  be  retiuned  home  for  the  duration  of  the  war.  Many  other  regi- 
mental officers  were  woimded.  Colonel  Lewis  lamented: 

Our  loss  ^^'as  considerable.  I  lost  all  the  field  officers  of  my 
Brigade  wounded.  None  of  my  staff  were  hurt.  (£^ 

The  brigade  lost  271  men  killed,  wounded,  and  missing.  Total  loss 
for  the  Confederates  was  about  3,000. 

After  the  Confederates  returned  to  their  breastworks  the  firing 
ceased.  General  Leivis  sent  a  flag  of  truce  through  the  lines  which 
was  accepted  by  the  Union  forces  at  Fort  Stedman.  Lewis  was  then 
pennitted  to  send  burial  details  to  bury  the  dead  and  carry  the 
wounded  Confederates  away.  Then  night  finally  fell  over  the  battle- 
field. The  darkness  covered  both  sides,  back  in  the  same  positions 
they  had  held  in  the  early  morning.  The  assault  upon  Fort  Stdman 
had  failed;  Lee  ^voidd  never  have  another  opportunity  to  break  the 
strangle-hold  which  Grant  had  upon  Petersburg,    ^y 

After  the  excitement  was  over  and  Lewis'  brigade  was  safe  again 
in  its  position  opposite  Fort  Stedman,   the  men  had  an  opportunity 


Fort  Stedman:  One  Last  Tr\  253 

to  express  their  feelings  over  the  repulse.  These  were  considerably 
mixed,  as  might  be  expected.  Those  who  had  escaped  were  naturally 
glad  to  be  alive.  Lewis  himself  exjjressed  the  feelings  of  many  of  his 
meit : 

.  .  .  you  don't  know  ho^v  thankful  I  am  for  my  deliverance 
from  death  or  mutilation  dining  this  last  fast.  I  think  I  was  as 
much  exposed  to  danger,  as  I  ever  have  been  in  battle.  Men 
were  killed  &  -ivounded  all  around  &;  about  me,  &  yet  not  even  my 
clothes  were  touched.  .  .  /^^ 

John  K.  W^alker  expressed  the  feelings  of  the  common  soldier  in 
the  ranks  of  the  Sixth  uhen  he  asked  his  parents  to  tell  a  friend  that 
"I  got  him  the  prettiest  Yankee  gun  that  I  ever  saw,  and  I  am  going 
to  send  it  to  him."  Walker  was  especially  proud  of  the  performance 
of  his  brother  Bill  who  "went  through  the  fight  safe."  All  the  rest 
of  the  survivors  of  Company  K  were  "well  and  hearty  and  in  fine 
spirits,"  remarkable  for  men  who  had  so  recently  suffered  a  heart- 
breaking repulse.  Fortunately  evei7thing  was  quiet  along  the  regi- 
mental line  "except  pi(?fce|(  firing."  The  men  at  least  woidd  have  a 
brief  opportunity  to  resWMost  of  the  men  could  not  know  of  General 
Lee's  comment  when  he  learned  that  his  men  had  been  repulsed: 

All  the  troops  engaged  including  two  brigades  imder  Brig 
Genl  Ranson,  behaved  most  handsomely.  The  conduct  of  the 
sharpshooters  of  Gordon's  Corps,  who  led  assault,  desen^es  the 
highest  commendation.  (^3^ 

As  Afarch  drew  to  a  close  the  Sixth  Regiment  was  "fareing  toler- 
able well."  Rations  were  poor  and  li\ing  tjuarters  were  worse.  It  was 
intolerable  to  lie  in  the  trenches  all  the  time  with  enemy  bidlets 
screeching  overhead.  The  regiment  kept  up  a  steady  picket  fire  all 
the  time;  and  men  could  be  "killed  at  any  time."  Private  Sidney 
Stracher  of  Company  I  was  badly  wounded  \\'hile  walking  down  a 
trench.  In  spite  of  this,  the  old  defiance  remained.  William  J.  Walker 
wrote  home:  ■ 

We  are  expecting  the  Yankees  to  make  an  attack  on  us  at 
anvtime  biu  all  I  have  to  say  that  if  they  do  and  oiu'  men  ^vill 
stand  up  that  they  will  get  badly  defeated./^") 

Walker  ^vas  proud  to  "inform"  his  father  that  he  had  been  among 
the  first  in  "the  old  6th"  to  get  into  Fort  Stedman.  The  'Walker 
brothers  had  been  fairly  lucky  in  the  attack,  escaping  without  a 
scratch  with  booty  which  included  two  guns,  three  blankets,  and 
"several  other  things."  They  planned  to  send  these  articles  home  at 
the  first  opporttmity./^/; 


254  The  Bloody  Sixth 

John  W.  Walker  added  a  postscript  to  Bill's  letter.  He  wanted  a 
small  box  of  food  sent  as  soon  as  possible  "as  rashions  is  tolerable 
scarce."  The  brothers  didn't  need  any  clothing,  only  food.  He  didn't 
want  his  father  to  expect  him  home  now  that  the  spring  campaign 
had  begun,  but  he  could  always  hope  for  a  furlough.  Then,  a  \\ord  of 
advice  to  his  younger  brother,  Levi, 

...  if  I  ^\as  in  your  place  I  \\'ould  advise  Levi  not  to  come  to 
this  Regt.  if  the  school  is  broken  u]3  because  he  is  yoimg  and  has 
got  no  better  sense  than  to  cpme  here.  I  dont  think  it  is  vei^ 
healthy  charging  breast^vorks.(^ 

Others  in  the  regiment  still  kept  up  their  spirits.  Private  G.  G. 
Dailey,  reflecting  over  the  pretty  girls  back  home  in  Alamance,  asked 
Garrison  Walker  to  "give  my  best  love  and  respects  to  the  young 
ladies."  He  revealed  the  sadness  of  the  last  terrible  days  at  Petersbin-g 
when  he  lamented,  "this  is  the  worst  place  I  ever  was  at,  for  we  have 
so  much  hard  duty  to  doe  hear  we  cant  rest  day  nor  night. 'I^^ 

It  was  true.  The  men  of  the  Sixth  were  now  subjected  to  constant 
duty,  both  day  and  night.  On  the  night  of  March  2J,  the  regiment 
fell  into  line  under  arms;  but  it  was  a  false  alarm.  ^^ 

When  he  was  notified  of  Gordon's  failure  at  Fort  Stedman  Lee 
wrote  President  Davis  that  "it  will  be  impossible  to  prevent  a  junction 
bet^veen  Grant  and  Sherman,  nor  do  I  deem  it  prudent  that  this 
army  shoidd  maintain  its  position  until  the  latter  shall  approach  too 
near."  Sherman's  force,  no^v  united  at  Goldsboro,  North  Carolina 
with  the  troops  of  Generals  John  ^[.  Schofield  and  Alfied  Teny, 
niunbered  100,000  men.  Sherman  and  Grant  cotdd  unite  easily  on 
the  Roanoke  without  any  interference  from  Lee.  Petersburg  -ivould 
then  have  to  be  abandoned,  the  sooner,  the  better,  i^^ 

On  March  29,  Sheridan's  cavalry  crossed  Hatcher's  Run  at  Monk's 
Neck  Bridge.  Lee  sent  three  brioades  under  Pickett  to  meet  this  new 
threat.  Gordon  was  directed  to  extend  his  already  thin  line  two 
miles  in  the  direction  of  Five  Forks.  In  Evans'  division  this  put  the 
pressine  on  Colonel  f.  H.  Lane,  commanding  Evans'  old  brigade. 
Lane  was  forced  to  extend  his  line  fifty  yards  to  the  left  to  connect 
with  the^-right  of  Lewis'  brigade,  itself  stretched  almost  to  the  breaking 
point. (s*) 

Pickett's  men,  realizing  that  much  depended  on  their  efforts, 
attacked  Sheridan  and  drove  him  back.  The  Confederates  then 
advanced  to  Dinwiddle  Court  House,  but  were  forced  to  withdraw  on 
the  morning  of  April  1.  Then  Sheridan,  reinforced  by  Warren's  Fifth 
Army  Corps,  attacked  again  and  di'ove  Pickett's  6,000  men  from  the 
field  of  Five  Forks.  Pickett's  left  Tvas  turned  with  a  loss  of  3,244  men, 
1  ffun,  and  1 1  flaa:s.  Sheridan  and  ^Varren  then  advanced  behind 
the  Confederate  right  and  attempted  to  roll  it  up/^g"/) 


Fort  Stedman:  One  Last  Try  255 

"While  Pickett  was  being  defeated,  Gordon's  men,  including 
Lewis'  brigade,  held  their  portion  of  the  line  from  the  Appomattox 
River  to  Fort  Gregg,  although  the  men  were  near  complete  exhaus- 
tion. At  11:00  P.iSL  on  the  night  of  April  1,  Gordon's  picket  posts  were 
withdrawn.  The  first  Confederate  line  was  stormed  by  waves  of  blue- 
coated  infantry  by  dawn,  while  the  night  was  filled  with  the  crashing 
noise  of  artillei^.  Gordon  was  preparing  to  recover  the  ground  his  men 
had  lost  when  he  received  an  order  from  Lee  to  evacuate  Petersburg, 
now  untenable  after  Pickett's  defeat.  The  army  would  retreat  to 
Amelia  Court  House,  a  town  on  the  Richmond-Danville  Railroad 
some  thirty-six  miles  north^vest  of  Petersburg.  From  here  the  road  was 
clear^to  North  Carolina  and  possible  union  with  Johnston's  small 
arm^V^he  historian  of  the  Sixth  has  described  the  Confederate  with- 
drawal from  Petersburg: 

That  night  the  army  withdrew,  and  whilst  fires  were  blazing 
up  here  and  there,  and  heavy  explosions  which  shook  the  vei"y 
groimd  followed  each  other  in  rapid  succession  along  the  Con- 
federate lines  from  Petersbiug  to  Richmond,  the  Federals  failed 
to  move  forward  to  ascertain  the  cause;  and  by  daylight  of  the 
3rd  the  Confederates  were  all  on  the  Chesterfield  side,  and  well 
away  from  the  two  cities  on  the  roads  towards  Amelia  Court 
House,  (sij 


The  Sixth  Regiment  accompanied  the  rest  of  Gordon's  corps  as 
it  marched  rapidly  towards  a  second  crossing  of  the  Apjx)mattox 
River  at  Goode's  Bridge.  On  the  afternoon  of  the  4th,  Gordon's  men, 
the  rear  guard  of  the  army,  reached  Scott's  Shop,  five  miles  east  of 
Amelia  Court  House.  The  efforts  of  the  Confederate  commissary  to 
find  food  for  the  famished  men  in  the  vicinity  of  Amelia  Court  House 
had  failed  and  a  valuable  day's  head  start  had  been  lost.  Wearily  the 
men  marched  away  in  the  direction  of  Rice's  Station  on  the  morning 
of  April  5.  It  was  necessary  to  push  on  to  Farmville  now — and  then  to 
Lynchburg  through  a  little  to^vn  called  ,\ppomattox.  Sheridan's  cd\- 
alry  was  operating  close  to  the  left  flank  of  the  army,  while  Grant's 
infantry  was  close  behind  snapping  at  the  Confederate  rear  guard. 
The  lines  of  retreat  which  led  due  south  through  Burkeville  and 
Jetersville  would  haveto  be  abandoned  because  Sheridan  had  already 
reached  those  points.(f|/y 

Gordon,  whose  weary  men  ^vere  struggling  along  as  the  army's  rear 
guard,  remembered  the  scene  years  later: 

On  and  on,  hour  after  hour,  from  hilltop  to  hilkojj,  the  lines 
were  alternately  fighting,  and  retreating,  making  one  almost  con- 
tinuous shifting  battle'.A'i'^ 

At  11:00  AM.  on  April  6,  Gordon's  corps  was  still  covering  the 
rear  guard  of  the   army.    Sheridan's  cavalry   suddenly   attacked   and 


256  The  Bloodv  Sixth 

drove  Gordon's  men  back.  Now  the  fighting  seesawed  back  and  torth 
on  the  irarrow  road  which  ran,  at  this  point,  through  a  dense  forest. 
During  the  afternoon  Gordon's  corps  was  forced  to  fight  for  its  life  at 
the  lower  crossing  of  Sayler's  Creek.  Both  Anderson  and  Ewell  were 
trapped  at  the  upper  crossing  and  forced  to  surrender.  Gordon  would 
have  been  forced  to  follow  this  course,  too,  if  his  men  hadn't  put  up 
such  a  stiff  resistance.  During  the  desperate  fighting  at  Sayler's  Creek 
the  battle  flag  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  was  captured  by  f^fivate  Joseph 
Kimball  of  Company  E,  Second  West  Virginia  Cavalry.C:5^ 
Gordon  described  the  fighting  at  Sayler's  Creek: 

Another  Union  column  struck  my  command  while  we  were 
endeavoring  to  push  the  ponderous  wagon-trains  through  the  bog, 
out  of  which  the  starved  teams  were  unable  to  drag  them.  Many 
of  these  wagons,  loaded  ^^•ith  annnunition,  mired  so  deep  in  the 
mud  that  they  had  to  be  abandoned.  It  was  necessar)'  to  charge 
and  force  back  the  Union  lines  in  order  to  rescue  my  men  from 
this  ]3eriloiis  position.(3'7) 

The  enemy  was  finally  repulsed  and  the  Confederates  column 
continued  its  painful  retreat.  On  and  on  the  men  marched,  their 
numbers  depleted  iimv  by  the  loss  of  1,700  men  captured  in  the  debacle 
at  Sayler's  Creek,  dv 

Gordon  moved  his  men  across  the  Appomattox  River  to  rejoin 
Longstreet  in  the  retreat  toivards  Farmville.  The  men  of  the  old 
Second  Corps  were  marching  in  order  now  in  regidar  brigade  forma- 
tion. At  Famville  the  men  bivouacked  north  of  town,  just  across  the 
Appomattox  River  bridge.  On  the  morning  of  the  7th,  they  crossed 
the  river  and  received  two  days's  rations  which  the  hungry  men  pro- 
ceeded to  cook  and  eat.  Before  they  had  finished  eating,  Gordon 
received  orders  from  Lee  to  move  in  support  of  Mahone's  division 
near  Cumberland  Church,  three  miles  north  of  Farmville.  During 
the  afternoon  of  the  7th,  the  Union  Second  Corps  attacked  Mahone 
with  great  fury.  Gordon  was  forced  to  send  him  reinforcements  to 
drive  the  enemy  back.  During  this  fighting  Brigadier  General  Lewis 
was  badly  wounded  and  left  in  Union  hands.  Command  of  the 
brigade  now  devolved  on  Captain  John  Beard  who  had  been  com- 
manding the  Fifty-seventh  North  Carolina  Infanti-y.(£^ 

During  the  night  the  Second  Corps  passed  through  the  village  of 
New  Store,  about  twenty  miles  northwest  of  Famiville.  Men  fell  out 
by  the  score,  exhausted  by  the  long  march,  lack  of  food,  and  the  hard| 
fighting  of  the  day.  Gordon's  men  were  now  moved  forward  to  be  the! 
advance  guard  of  the  army.  Talk  ^\•as  passing  among  the  officers  ofl 
a  possible  smrender.  Could  this  be  so?  If  it  ^vere,  the  ordinary  soldierl 
in  the  ranks  knew  nothing  of  it  as  the  Second  Corps  marched  west-F 
wdid  through   the  day.  Late  in   the  afternoon,   the  column   reached! 


Fort  Stedman:  One  Last  Try  257 

Appomattox  Court  House,  county  seat  of  the  little  county  of  the  same 
name.  Here  supplies  were  waiting.  On  the  morrow  the  weary  men 
would  be  fed  and  rested  and  then  could  push  on  to  Lynchburg  ia^ 
the  safety  of  the  mountains.  The  ^\'ar  might  be  continued  forever.Cr^ 

During  the  night  of  the  8th,  Gordon  mo\ed  his  corps  fonvard 
through  Appomattox  Court  House  to  a  position  half  a  mile  -(vest  of 
the  village  on  the  Lynchburg  Road.  Union  troops  had  been  discovered 
in  the  vicinity  of  the  coiu't  house.  These  troops,  both  infantry  and 
cavalry,  \\ere  blocking  the  road  to  the  ^\est.  They  had  to  be  pushed 
aside  and  the  march  continued.  At  5:00  A.^L,  Gordon's  three  re- 
maining di\isions,  Grimes's,  Evans',  and  ^\'alker's,  advanced  quickly 
by  the  right  flank.  They  were  supported  by  Johnson's  division  of 
Longstreet's  corps.  The  enemy  had  constructed  light  breastworks 
during  the  night,  ^^-orks  which  Gordon's  men  canied  ^vithout  too 
mucli  difficiUty.  The  enemy  here  was  cavalry  which  yielded  to  Gor- 
don's attack.  But,  as  the  Confederates  advanced  past  the  breast- 
works, they  saw  Union  infantry,  which  had  been  concealed  in  the 
woods  to  Gordon's  right  and  rear.  More  L^nion  cavalry  demonstrated 
against  Gordon's  left.  The  Confederate  general  was  now  in  a  difficult 
position;  Longsueet's  corps  was  pressing  fonvard  in  his  rear,  while 
the  massed  artillei^  of  General  Armistead  L.  Long  and  Colonel 
Thomas  Carter  barely  kept  the  enemy  at  bay.  At  diis  juncture 
Gordon  asked  Lee  for  help  from  Longstreet's  corps.  Lee,  realizing 
that  his  army  was  siuroimded,  ordered  a  flag  of  truce  to  appear  on 
Gordon's  line  as  he  sorrowfully  prepared  to  surrender  the  .\rmv  of 
Northern  Virginia  to  General  U.  S.  Grant(_^ 

In  the  late  afternoon  of  April  9,  Lee  rode  back  through  his  army 
after  meeting  ^^•ith  Grant.  The  historian  of  the  Sixth  Regiment 
described  the  scene  as  Lee  moved  past  the  regiment; 

.  .  .  the  lines  of  battle  broke  and  the  men  crowded  up  around 
him,  anxious  to  take  him  by  the  hand.  Many  attempts  have  been 
made  to  describe  the  Great  Soldier's  farewell  to  his  troops,  as, 
overpo-ivered  by  his  feelings,  he  sobbed;  "Men,  we  have  fought 
through  the  war  together — 1  have  done  the  best  I  could  for  you," 
and  sadly  rode  away.  The  emotions  of  that  scene — a  great  General 
and  his  brave,  faithful^  soldiers  weeping  fareivell  to  each  other, 
cannot  be  described. (j^ 

The  Sixth  Regiment  surrendered  6  officers  and  175  men  com- 
manded by  Captain  J.  H.  Dickey.  Second  Lieutenant  Demetrius  C. 
Gunter  of  Company  A,  who  had  been  badly  wounded  at  Sharpsburg, 
was  among  them.  So  was  Second  Lieutenant  \V.  A.  Mebane  of  Com- 
pany F.  Twelve  band  members  surrendered  nith  the  infantn'.  Possiblv 
the  saddest  note  of  all  was  the  statement  by  Captain  Dickev:  "I 
certify,  upon  honor,  that  of  the  number  of  men   on   this   roll,   onlv 


258  The  Bloody  Sixth  ^^ 

seventy  two  (72)   were  armed  on  the  morning  of  9th  inst."  It  was  all 
over  except  for  the  going  home.  According  to  the  regimental  historian, 

.  .  .  the  6th  Resnment  had  served  out  the  time  for  which  it 
had  been  enVistedi  i^if-) 


Epilogue 


"After  his  parole  he  resumed  the  practice  of  civil  engineering, 
which  he  carried  on  luith  considerable  success  for  more  than 
thirty  years.  .  .  ." 

Statement  on  the  life  of  William  Gaston  Lewis  after  the  war  in 
Ezra  J.  Warner's  Generals  in  Gray,  Lines  of  the  Confederate  Com- 
manders (Baton  Rouge:  Louisiana  State  University  Press,  1959) , 
p.  187. 


What  happened  to  some  of  the  men  and  officers  who  served  in 
the  Sixth  North  CaroHna  Regiment  during  the  war.  Some  of  them, 
men  hke  Colonel  Samuel  McDowell  Tate,  continued  to  resist  the  in- 
evitable Northern  victory  even  though  they  were  home  recuperating 
from  wounds.  Tate  had  been  severely  wounded  in  the  desperate 
attack  on  Fort  Stedman,  and  was  at  Morganton  on  furlough.  In 
April,  1865,  :vhen  Union  General  George  Stoneman's  cavalry  raided 
through  western  North  Carolina,  he  joined  other  residents  of  Burke 
County  in  resisting  their  ad\ance  at  the  Catawba  River. 

Tate  was  elected  President  of  the  North  Carolina  Railroad  Com- 
pany after  the  ^\-ar.  During  his  tenure  of  office  he  repaired  the  rail- 
road, rebuilt  bridges,  modernized  the  engines  and  cars,  and  corrected 
the  company's  shattered  finances.  Although  Provisional  Governor 
William  Woods  Holden  "turned  him  out  of  office,"  Tate  returned  to 
his  position  during  the  governorship  of  Jonathan  Worth.  He  served 
in  the  lower  house  of  the  1874,  1880,  1882,  and  1884  legislatures, 
helping  to  pass  laws  favorable  to  the  Western  North  Carolina  Rail- 
road. He  helped  to  create  the  Hospital  for  the  Insane  at  Morganton. 
Tate  later  served  as  an  Examiner  of  National  Banks,  a  Federal  posi- 
tion, in  the  district  which  stretched  from  West  Virginia  to,  and  in- 
cluding, Florida. 

Tate's  home  life  \vas  pleasant.  In  October,  1866,  he  married  Jennie 
Pearson,  daughter  of  the  late  Robert  C.  Pearson  of  Morganton.  They 
were  both  members  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  and  had  a  large 
family  of  children.  Tate  was  able  to  provide  for  this  family  "through 
prudence  and  good  management  " 

Samuel  A.  Ashe  gives  us  a  complete,  although  partially  biased, 
description  of  Tate  as  he  appeared  in  his  old  age.  The  ex-commander 
of  the  Sixth  Regiment  ivas  of  medium  height, 

259 


260  The  Bloody  Sixth 

with  a  frame  sinewy  and  adapted  to  long  fatigue,  a  carnage 
dignified  without  being  haughty,  an  address  most  channing  when 
he  chose  to  please,  but  in  general  undemonstrative  and  in  keep- 
ing with  his  habitual  taciturnity  and  reserve.  His  public  business 
was  transacted  ivithout  a  ripple  of  excitement,  but  he  probed 
every  detail  and  ^vas  always  master  of  the  subject  on  which  he 
was  engaged.  His  home-life  was  in  hamiony  with  his  character. 
Quietly  he  pursued  the  even  tenor  of  his  temperate  way,  esteemed 
by  his  neighbors,  respected  by  his  party,  and  conspicuous  among 
that  band  of  devoted  men  who  in  war  and  peace  have  upheld 
the  modest,  upright,  consenative,  liberty-loving,  tyrant-hating 
character  of  oiu-  dear  mother.  North  Carolina;  a  manly  man, 
thoughtful  of  those  about  him  and  enjoying  to  the  fullest  the 
affection  and  regard  for  those  at  his  fireside.  CP 

Tate  passed  away  unexpectedly  on  June  25,  1897.  He  had  recently 
been  appointed  state  treasurer,  and,  at  the  time  of  his  death,  was 
about  to  entertain  members  of  the  Burke  County  Bar  Association  at 
his  home  in  Morganton.  He  was  biuied  in  the  public  cemetei7  in 
Morganton,  a  binial  place  "which  commands  one  of  the  loveliest 
views  in  the  State. "(3^ 

William  Gaston  Lewis,  commander  of  the  brigade  in  ^vhich  the 
Sixth  served  in  the  valley  campaign  and  at  Petersburg,  was  woiuided 
and  captined  at  Cumberland  Church,  near  Farmville,  Virginia,  on 
April  7,  1865.  After  his  parole  he  resumed  his  profession  of  civil 
engineering  and  continued  to  practice  it  for  over  thirty  years.  For 
thirteen  years  he  was  state  engineer  for  North  Carolina.  He  died  at 
has  home  in  Goldsboro  on  January  7,  1901,  and  is  biuied  in  the 
Goldsboro  City  Cemetery.  His  beloved  "Mitte,"  the  wife  he  manied 
during  the  days  of  the  Confederacy,  lies  by  his  side.C^ 

An  interesting  glimpse  into  the  life  of  Major  Richard  W.  York 
after  the  war  is  given  by  Brantley  York,  the  famed  Methodist  preacher 
and  founder  of  Trinity  College,  who  also  happened  to  be  Afajor 
York's  father.    In  early  March,   1885,  Brantley  York  and  his  wife 

.  .  .  went  aboard  the  train  for  New  Hill  Wake  Co.,  and  were 
met  there  by  our  son,  Maj.  York,  and  conducted  to  his  house.  .  . . 
We  continued  here  witli  our  sons.  Major  R.  W.  York,  and  Dr. 
N.  D.  York  some  three  or  four  weeks,  preaching  at  different 
places  on  the  Sabbath,  and  sometimes  in  the  week  .  .  .  .G^ 

Reverend  Adolphus  Williamson  Mangimi,  onetime  chaplain  to 
the  Sixth  Regiment,  was  paroled  on  June  13,  1865,  at  Salisbui7, 
North  Carolina  by  Lieutenant  Colonel  Charles  H.  Butterfield,  "Lt. 
Col.  9Ist  Ind  Vol.  Inf'y.,  Commanding  Post."  Mangum  and  his  wife 
rt'ent  to  Hillsl'joro  and  he  began  a  brilliant  career  as  a  clergyman  in 
the  Methodist  Church. (^ 


Epilogue  261 

There  were  other  men,  not  so  well  known  as  the  above,  who 
should  be  mentioned.  James  T.  Rosborough,  once  a  captain  of 
Company  G,  Sixth  Regiment,  continued  his  lo\  e  lor  the  Confederacy, 
although  he  moved  to  Texarkana,  Texas.  He  became  a  prosperous 
lumberman  and  planter,  and  "took  up  the  ivork  of  rehabilitating  a 
devastated  land."  Captain  Rosborough's  last  public  act  was  to  assist 
in  the  dedication  of  a  "beautifid  Confederate  moniunent  in  liis 
to'iv-n."  He  had  been  largely  responsible  for  the  monument,  and  he 
wanted  to  be  there  to  see  it  dedicated.  Captain  Rosborough  died  on 
the  morning  of  May  28,  1918;  he  was  the  same  man  who  had  been  so 
anxious  to  see  that  his  men  were  served  edible  meat  when  the  Army  of 
Northern  \^ifeinia  was  encamped  before  Cedar  Mountain  in  the 
fall  of  1863.^ 

P.  A.  Copley,  a  Durham  native  and  a  pri\ate  in  Company  C, 
moved  to  Montgomery,  Alabama  in  1870.  He  died  on  February  20, 
\9\9.G) 

Three  brothers,  Thomas,  Neut,  and  John  Wise,  joined  the  Sixth 
Regiment  at  Company  Shops  in  1861.  They  came  from  the  mountains 
of  -ivestern  North  Carolina  and  were  proud  "of  the  old  command," 
throughout  the  long  years  after  the  war.  Their  feelings  could  be 
shared  by  many  members  of  the  Sixth.  The  brothers  coidd  "give  the 
history  of  their  regiment  pretty  close  to  facts  .  .  .  and  were  proud  of 
their  ser^'ice  and  of  each  other,"  Thev  lived  "again  in  memorv  those 
stirring  days  of  service  under  Tee,  Jackson,  Johnston,  and  other  great 
figines  of  the  Confederacy."  ®^ 

The  same  thing  could  be  said  of  men  like  Private  J.  T.  Wiley  of 
Company  A  and  Private  \V.  A.  Myers  of  Company  I.  ^Viley  and 
Myers  both  became  solid  citizens  in  their  communities.  Both  died 
many  years  after  the  ■\var.tS' 

Others  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  had  no  future  after  the  ^\ar.  These 
were  those  members  of  the  luiit  \\ho  lav  binued  in  cemeteries  from 
Manassas  to  Petersburg.  When  the  Southern  Soldiers'  Memorial  As- 
sociation of  She])herdstown,  West  Virginia  dedicated  their  moniunent 
to  the  Confederate  dead  on  June  6,  1870,  they  took  note  of  106  men 
who  Avere  buried  in  the  local  cemetei'y.  The  heroic  inscription, 
located  on  the  north,  ^vest,  and  south  faces  of  the  monument,  read, 
"True  patriots,  a  nation's  tear  embalm  their  memory;  To  the  un- 
known dead;  though  nameless,  their  deeds  are  not  forgotten;  We  lie 
here  in  obedience  to  the  command  of  oin-  sovereign  States."  The  list 
of  names  included  J.  C;.  Agnew  and  Joseph  Allan  of  the  Sixth  North 
Carolina.  (^3^ 

Privates  S.  P.  Thomas  of  Company  G;  G.  Roberts  of  Company  B; 
and  John  M.  Shijjp,  Company  I  ^vere  buried  in  the  cemeiery  at 
Woodstock,  Virginia  in  the  heart  of  the  Shenandoah  Valley.  Qjy 


262  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Some  of  the  men  in  the  Sixth  are  buried  in  Washington,  D.  C,  a 
city  which  they  fought  hard  to  capture.  Private  D.  W.  Ben7  of  Com- 
pany C  and  Private  C.  W.  Riel  are  inchided  in  this  number.  iS?> 

The  original  Sixth  Regiment  is  btit  a  memory  now;  still  it  is  a 
memoi7  of  stirring  times  and  human  beings  ^rho  reacted  to  those 
times.  Their  reactions,  both  heroic  and  cowardly,  deserve  to  be 
remembered. 


Appendix  A 


After  the  ^^•ar  the  original  flag  of  the  Sixth  Regiment,  the  same 
flag  ^vhich  had  been  carefully  made  of  silk  in  1861  and  decorated  with 
the  North  Carolina  state  seal  and  motto,  i\as  preserved  by  Colonel 
Tate,  the  last  colonel  of  the  regiment.  On  November  11,  1893, 
Colonel  Tate  wrote  to  Miss  Christine  Fisher,  sister  of  the  late  Colonel 
Charles  F.  Fisher: 

A  Committee  consisting  of  W.  C.  Coughenhour,  J.  A.  Caldivell, 
Cicero  R.  Barker  and  A.  H.  Boyden,  representing,  the,  "Colonel 
Charles  F.  Fisher  Camp  U.  C.  V.  No.  319,"  have  applied  to  me 
in  writing,  recjuesting  the  delivery  to  them  of  the  Flag  of  the 
6th  North  Carolina  Infantry,  presented  to  the  regiment  by  you, 
through  your  honored  brother  our   lamented   commander. 

This  flag  was  never  polluted  by  the  touch  of  an  enemy  nor 
"trailed  in  the  dust,"  but  was  ahvays  advanced  as  far  as  the 
farthest,  and  is  the  only  Confederate  flag  planted  upon  the 
enemy's  Guns  on  Cemetery  Heights,  at  Gettysburg!  In  my  own 
bosom,  after^\•ards,  this  flag  was  safely  preserved  and  has  not 
since  been  out  of  my  possession  until  I  proposed  securing  it  in 
a  glass  case  and  depositing  it  with  the  State.  North  Carolina 
honors  it  above  any  relic  of  the  Great  Conflict,  and  in  justice  to 
the  memory  of  our  lamented  dead  and  \our  honored  self,  I  feel 
that  it  shoidd  be  placed  in  the  care  of  the  State,  that  all  North 
Carolinians  may  vie^v  it,  read  its  history  and  gain  inspiration 
from  it.  ® 

Colonel  Tate  infonned  Miss  Fisher  that  the  only  portions  of  tlie 
"once  beautiful"  Hag  that  were  still  intact  were  the  handi^vork  "of 
your  deft  fingers."  The  remnants  of  the  flag  were  rent  ^\'ith  "shot 
and  shell,  d\ed  ^vith  the  blood  of  its  defenders;"  the  Lord  Himself 
had  dea-eed  that   the  flag  "should  be  unharmed." 

Tate  assured  the  anxious  Miss  Fisher  that  he  had  been  "but  the 
poor  representative"  of  the  men  who  had  fallen  under  the  folds  of 
the  flag.  The  survivors  of  the  regiment,  ^\ho  had  suffered  in  the 
flag's  defense,  loved  "this  flag  above  all  earthly  possessions."  Tate 
concluded,  in  a  tone  of  confidence  and  humility,  in  keeping  with 
the  occasion. 


263 


26 1  The  Bloody  Sixth 

I  desire  to  manifest  all  respect  for  the  wishes  and  proper 
affection  for  the  representatives  of  my  dear  lamented  friend  and 
Commander,  but  I  respectfidly  suggest  that  it  ^^'ill  be  best  for 
them  and  for  all  concerned  that  this  relic,  with  its  histoi7,  be 
saaedly  preserved  by  the  State,  here,  where  it  can  be  seen  and 
read  of  all  men.^^ 

Several  days  later  Christine  Fisher  replied  to  Tate's  letter  of 
November  11.  She  thanked  the  colonel  for  his  sentiments  of  '"regard 
for  my  brother  and  respect  for  myself  -(vhich  you  express."  The 
members  of  the  committee  who  had  applied  to  Tate  for  the  flag 
had  done  so  with  the  consent  and  approval  of  Colonel  Fisher's 
daughter,  Frances  Fisher  Tiernan  [also  known  by  her  pen  name 
Christian  Reid].  Christine  Fisher  hoped  that  the  flag  would  be 
returned  to  the  possession  of  Colonel  Fisher's  family,  but,  "at  least," 
would  be  glad  to  see  the  relic  placed  among  the  momentoes  "which 
illustrate  the  glorious  war-record  of  our  State."  The  members  of  the 
flag  committee  \vere  all  honorable  men,  men  who  had  all  worn 
Confederate  gray  and  avIio  were  "working  to  keep  alive"  the  prin- 
ciples of  the  Confederacy.  They  wotild  be  "worthy  custodians"  of  the 
regimental  flag  under  which  so  many  brave  soldiers  had  died.  Still, 
it  was  true  that  Tate,  as  surviving  colonel  of  the  Sixth  Regiment, 
had  a  just  claim  to  the  flag.  Miss  Fisher  informed  Tate  that  hi.s 
claim  to  the  flag  "cannot  be  disputed,"  since  he  had  preserved  the  flag.t 

This  correspondence  residted  in  Tate's  presentation  of  the  flag  to 
Mrs.  Frances  Fisher  Tiernan,  Colonel  Fisher's  daughter.  She,  in  turn, 
presented  the  relic  to  the  North  Carolina  Historical  Commission, 
forerunner  of  the  modern  North  Carolina  Department  of  Ardiives 
and  History.  The  flag  was  accompanied  by  Colonel  Fisher's  unifonn 
dress,  coat,  hat,  sword,  and  saddle-housing.  These  relics  may  still  be 
seen  in  the  Hall  of  History,  located  in  the  Education  Building  in  the 
city  of  Raleigh.  All  of  them,  except  for  the  flag,  which  is  nearly  in 
tatters,  are  in  fairly  good  condition.^) 


Appendix  B 

The  earliest  mention  of  any  of  the  units  which  later  were  organized 
into  the  Sixth  North  Carolina  State  Troops  is  found  in  a   letter  tOi 
Governor  John  W.  Ellis  written  on  January  7,  1860.  It  desaibes  the 
organization  of  the  Cedar  Fork  Rifles,  later  Company  I,  Sixth  Regi 
ment.  This  company  was  organized  at  Cedar  Fork,  then  part  of  westernl 
Wake  County,  by  a  group  of  interested  citizens  who  met  at  the  Ceda: 
Fork  Academy  "for  the  purpose  of  forming  a  volunteer  company.' 
Professor  Richard   Watt  York,   a   teacher   in   the   academy   and   late: 


Appendix  265 

Captain  of  Company  I,  organized  the  meeting  "by  calling  Col.  H. 
Weatherspoon  to  the  chair  and  appointing  S.  Scott  Secretary."  Profes- 
sor York  explained  the  purpose  of  the  meeting  by  "reviewing  the 
present  agitation  &;  impending  crisis  of  affairs  relative  to  the  South, 
and  closed  by  urging  his  fellow  citizens  to  prepare  for  any  emergency 
that  may  arise."  The  "requisite"  nimiber  of  men  was  then  qiuckly 
enrolled  in  the  company. 

Professor  York  moved  that  a  committee  of  five  be  appointed  to 
select  a  uniform  for  the  company.  The  name  of  W'ake  Riflemen  was 
chosen.  This  was  later  changed  to  Cedar  Fork  Rifles.  The  officers 
selected  were  Colonel  H.  Weatherspoon,  Captain:  Colonel  C.  Lowe, 
First  Lieutenant:  M.  Page,  Second  iLieutenant:  Professor  R.  \V.  York. 
Third  Lieutenant:  Dr.  ^V.  >L  Lowe,  Fourth  Lieutenant:  Sidney  Scott, 
Esquire  Orderly  Sergeant.  Professor  York,  who  evidently  was  the 
guiding  spirit  at  the  meeting,  then  moved  that  "the  commissioned 
officers  of  this  company  be  instructed  to  visit  Raleigh  inmiediately,  & 
call  upon  the  Governor  for  the  purpose  [of]  prociuing  the  Long 
Range  Rifle."  This  motion  was  adopted.  It  was  further  resolved  that 
a  copy  of  the  proceedings  of  the  meeting  should  be  forwarded  to 
Governor  Ellis  and  to  the  North  CaroJina  Standard  and  Raleigh 
Register  "with  a  request  to  publish." 

On  April  23,  1861,  Captain  Robert  F.  Webb  was  ordered  by  the 
adjutant  general  of  North  Carolina  to  take  his  company,  the  Flat 
River  Guards  from  Orange  Cotmty,  to  Raleigh  "as  soon  as  yoti  can 
make  the  necessary  arrangements."  This  order  was  coimtermanded 
on  May  2.  W^ebb  was  then  directed  to  "remain  at  Hillsboro  until 
further  orders."  The  Flat  River  Guards  later  became  Company  A, 
Sixth  North  Carolina  State  Troops. 

Captain  William  J.  Freeland  of  the  Orange  Greys,  another  Orange 
Coimty  military  unit,  later  Company  C,  Sixth  North  Carolina  State 
Troops,  was  ordered  to  remain  in  Orange  County  "until  further 
orders"  on  May  10,  1861. 

Unfortimately,  this  is  all  the  material  available  on  the  various 
companies  in  the  Sixth  Regiment  prior  to  their  organization  into  the 
regiment  on  May  16,  1861. 


Appendix  C 

A  search  was  made  for  early  histories  of  the  Sixth  North  Carolina 
State  Troops,  especially  histories  which  were  written  during  the  war. 
Only  one  of  these  was  found,  ^nitten  by  Colonel  Robert  F.  Webb, 
then  at  Johnson's  Island  Prison,  near  Sandusky  City,  Ohio,  to  his 
friend  and  kinsman.  Reverend  Adolphus  Williamson  Mangtun.  The 
sketch  was  written  in  April,  1864,  and  may  be  foimd  in  the  Adolphus 


266  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Williamson  Mangum  Papers,  Southern  Historical  Collection,  Univer- 
sity of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill.  It  is  reproduced  in  full  belo^w 

Battles  in  which  the  Sixth  N.  C.  Regiment  Participated 

Manassas  July  21,  the  Regt.  commanded  by  Col.  Fisher — who 
was  killed.  Lt.  Col.  Lightfoot  was  in  conmiand  imtil  Sept.,  1861 — - 
when  he  Avas  relieved  by  Col.  Pender. 

Battle  of  Elthams  Landing  May  7th  1862.  the  Regt.  conid  by 
Col.  Pender  the  only  Regt.  of  the  Brigade  engaged — was  honored 
by  the  Gen.  to  cary  the  Brigade  flags. 

Battle  of  Seven  Pines  May  31st,  1862  the  Regt.  comd.  by  Col. 
Pender  (had  the  honour  to  save  the  Regt.  by  deteeting  the  U.  S. 
Flags  among  troops  reported  to  be  our  friends)  Pender  promoted 
the  comd.  turned  over  to  Maj.  Webb,  ungrateful  conduct  of 
Gov.  Clark.  Capt.  Avery  promoted  Lt.  Col.  over  Maj.  Webb. 

Battle  of  Ganes  Farm,  the  Regt.  comd  liy  Col.  Avei-y  who  was 
wounded.  June  27,  1862,  Splendid  ]3ractice  of  Rowan  Battery 
under  Capt.  Riley  from  the  North  side  of  Chicahominy. 

Battle  of  Malvern  Hill  July  1,  1862  the  regt  comd  by  Maj. 
Webb,  gallant  conduct  of  the  Regt.  under  a  heavy  artillery  fire 
for  10  hours  loosing  nearly  90  men  Battle  of  Freemans  ford, 
August  24,  the  Regt.  comd  by  ^Laj.  ^Vebb,  Battle  of  Mansassas 
2nd.  29  &  30th  August  the  Regt.  comd.  by  ^Laj.  'Webb,  see  official 
report  Gen.  Hood  &  Laws  Battle  of  Boonsboro  Gap.  Sept.  14th 
Regt.  comd.  by  Maj.  Webb  see  Report  Hood  &  Laws. 

Battle  of  Sharpsburg  Sept  19th  1862.  the  Regt.  comd  by  Maj. 
Webb,  who  was  wounded.  Bloodiest  fight  of  the  -ivar.  see  of  [ficial] 
report  Hood  &  Laws.  Avei7  retiuned  to  the  Regt.  promoted  Col. 
Webb  promoted  Lt.  Col.  Battle  of  Fredericksburg  Dec.  13th,  1862 
the  Regt.  comd  by  Col.  .\very. 

Battle  of  Chancellorsville  &  Fredericksburg  May  4,  1863  the 
Regt.  comd.  by  Col.  Avei^  who  took  command  of  the  Brigade 
by  Gen.  Hoke  being  wounded.  Col.  Webb  in  charge  of  the  Regt. 
gallant  conduct  of  the  6[th]  who  pushed  through  the  enemys  line 
in  a  charge,  being  unsupported  ^vhere  in  danger  of  being  cut  off, 
its  own  gallant  firmness  saved  it. 

Battle  of  Winchester  June  13,  1863.  commanded  by  Lt.  Col. 
^Vebb. 

Invasion  of  Maryland  &:  Pennsylvania.  Col.  Webb  had  to 
retire  in  conseqtience  of  the  breaking  out  of  his  old  wound. 

Battle  of  Gettysburg  July  1st.  &  2nd  Comd  by  Maj.  Tate.  Col. 
AveiT  killed — ^\'ebb  promoted  Col. 


Appendix  267 

Battle  of  Fairfield  the  Regt.  Comd.  bv  Lt.  Col.  Tate  Tulv  4, 
1863.  '  -^     ' 

Battle  of  Somerville  Fort,  the  Regt.  conid  by  Col.  Webb  Sept. 
19,  1863.  ^ 

Battle  of  Rappahannock  Bridge  Nov.   7.    1863.  com  by  Col. 
Webb  where  the  ^vhole  concern  \\'as  gobbled  up. 

Capt.  York  was  in  command  a  fen-  days  after  the  Battle  of 
Sharpsbiirg.  Gen.  Pender  woundeil  at  Gettysburg  died  at  Stanton, 
Va.  Col.  Webb  was  sufering  from  his  old' wound  at  Chancellors- 
ville  went  in  the  fight  with  his  arm  in  a  sling. 


Bibliographical  Essay 


I.  Resources. 


y 


The  principal  resources  used  in  this  study  are  the  Division  of 
Ardiives  and  Manuscripts,  North  CaroHna  Department  of  ^Ajxhives 
and  History,  Raleigh,  North  Carolina  (hereinafter  referred  to  as 
"NCDAH")  ;  the  Southern  Historical  Collection,  University  of  North 
Carolina  Library,  Chapel  Hill,  North  Carolina  (hereinafter  refeired 
to  as  "SHC")  :  the  Division  of  Manuscripts,  Duke  University  Libarary, 
Durham,  North  Carolina  (hereinafter  referred  to  as  "DU")  ;  and  the 
War  Department  Collection,  Confederate  Records  Group  109  and 
William  H.  C.  Whiting  Military  Papers  collections  in  the  National 
Archives,  Washington,  D.  C.    (hereinafter  refeiTcd  to  as  "NA")  . 

II.  Manuscript  Collections. 

The  various  volumes  in  the  Adjutant  General's  Records,  located 
in  NCDAH,  form  an  important  part  of  the  materials  used  in  this 
study.  The  Adjutant  General's  Quartermaster  and  Paymaster  Records, 
Letters.  1861-1862  are  useful  in  the  compilation  of  quartemiaster's 
and  paymaster's  accounts.  The  appointment  of  officers  in  the  Sixth 
Regiment  is  fully  covered  in  the  Adjutant  General's  List  of  Appoint- 
ments: die  Adjutant  General's  Minutes  of  the  Military  Board;  and 
the  Militaiy  Board:  Appointments  of  Officers  in  the  Amiy  and  Navy, 
6th  Regiment  of  Infantry.  An  excellent  historical  sketch  of  the  regi- 
ment is  included  in  the  "Historical  Sketch  of  the  Sixth  Regiment 
N.C.  Troops,"  in  Adjutant  General's  Roll  of  Honor.  Other  volumes 
in  the  Adjutant  General's  Records  ivhich  were  used  extensively  are 
Adjutant  General's  Ledger  Conunissary  Accounts  1861-1865:  Adjutant 
General's  Records,  Letters.  1861-1862:  Adjutant  General's  Letter  Book, 
1861-1862:  The  Militaiy  and  Naval  Board  Letter  Book,  July  1-August 
19,  1861:  Adjutant  General's  Telegram  Record:  Adjutant  General's 
Roll  of  Honor,  Register  of  Officers:  Morning  Reports  of  Regts.  N.  C. 
Troops  1861-1862:  Letter  Book  North  Carolina  Troops  1862-1864; 
Registiy  of  North  Carolina  Troops  1861-1863:  and  Adjutant  General's 
Roll  of  Honor  Scrapbook.  Another  important  collection  found  in 
NCDAH  is  the  Governor  John  W.  Ellis  Papers  1861.  These  papers 
are  important  for  the  early  period  of  military  organization  in  the 
spring  of  1861.  The  Governor  Heniy  T.  Clark  Papers,  1861-1862  and 
the  Governor  Zebulon  B.  Vance  Papers,   1862-1865  complete  the  list 

268 


Bibliographical  Essa^-  269 

of  governor's  papers  used  in  this  study.  The  outgoing  conespondence 
of  the  governors  is  inckided  in  a  series  of  letter  books.  Those  used 
here  are  the  Governor  Hem-)'  T.  Clark  Letter  Book,  1861-1862  and 
the  Governor  Zebulon  B.  Vance  Letter  Books  for  1862-1863  and  1863- 
1865.  All  these  collections  are  in  XCDAH.  Other  manuscript 
collections  in  the  NCDAH  Avhich  relate  to  the  Sixth  Regiment  are 
the  Governor  Henry  Toole  Clark  Scrapbook  1861-1865,  a  collection 
of  ne^vspaper  clippings  Avhich  relate  to  North  Carolina's  role  in  the 
Civil  War;  the  Miscellaneous  Collection  of  Confederate  Records,  a 
varied  collection  of  letters  and  military  records:  the  Adjutant  General's 
Roll  of  Honor  Scrapbook,  very  similar  to  the  Governor  Heniy  T. 
Clark  Scrapbook,  and  the  Oscar  \V.  Blacknall  Memoir,  a  collection  of 
the  letters  of  Blacknall's  father.  Colonel  Charles  C.  Blacknall,  \vith  a 
connecting  narrative. 

Several  large  collections  of  manuscript  materials  were  used  at  the 
SHC.  These  include  the  Charles  F.  Fisher  Papers,  an  excellent  ac- 
count of  the  organization  of  the  Sixth  Regiment:  the  Peter  Hairston 
Papers,  a  collection  of  letters  ^vritten  by  Hairston,  a  volunteer  aide 
to  General  Jubal  A.  Early,  to  his  ivife  in  North  Carolina:  the  Peter 
"\V.  Hairston  'War  Diary,  No\eml3er-Deceinber,  1863,  ^rhich  presents 
a  lucid  account  of  conditions  in  Early's  division  in  the  fall  of  1863; 
the  Adolphus  Williamson  Mangiun  Papers,  a  series  of  letters  from 
Mangum,  chaplain  to  the  Sixth  Regiment  for  a  brief  period  in  the 
fall  of  1861;  the  \Villiam  Gaston  Le^vis  Papers,  a  collection  of  letters 
wTitten  by  Lewis  to  his  wife;  the  William  Dorsey  Pender  Papers,  an 
important  series  of  letters  ivritten  by  Pender  to  his  wife  during  the 
period  1861-1863;  the  Ruffin-Roulhac-Hamilton  Papers:  the  \\'illiam 
A.  Graham  Papers;  the  Christian  Thomas  Pfohl  Papers  (on  micro- 
film) ;  and  the  Stephen  D.  Ramseur  Papers,  an  interesting  collection 
of  letters  from  Ramseur  to  his  wife,  especially  valuable  for  their 
information  about  the  -i'alley  campaign  of  1864. 

Those  collections  which  ivere  used  at  DLT  include  Stephen  B. 
Weeks's  "Sketch  of  Col.  Charles  F.  Fisher,"  in  the  Van  Noppen  Mss.; 
Archibald  Henderson's  "Charles  Fisher,"  in  United  Confederate 
Veteran  Mss.;  the  Isham  Sims  Upchurch  Papers,  an  interesting  series 
of  letters  from  various  soldiers  in  the  Sixth  Regiment  to  Upchurch 
who  was  a  resident  of  Chatham  County,  North  Carolina;  M.  J.  Solo- 
mon's Scrapbook;  and  the  John  Kerr  ^Valker  Papers,  an  extensive 
collection  of  letters  -initten  by  Walker,  a  member  of  the  Sixth  Regi- 
ment from  Alamance  County,  North  Carolina,  to  his  family. 

The  NA  in  AVashington,  D.  C.  contains  the  War  Department 
Collection,  Confederate  Records  Group  109,  Compiled  Military  Sen- 
ice  Records  of  the  various  Union  and  Confederate  Regiments  and 
the  William  H.  C.  "Whiting  Military  Papers  in  the  "^Var  Department 
Collection.  The  Whiting  Militaiy  Papers  contain  order  books,  letters. 


270  The  Bloody  Sixth 

and  other  miltai7  papers  of  General  Whiting  who  commanded  the 
brigade  in  ^\-hich  the  Sixth  Regiment  A\as  located  for  a  time  in  the 
period  1861-1862. 

Other  collections  used  to  some  extent  in  this  study  are  the  Samuel 
McDowell  Tate  Papers  (SHC)  :  the  Record  of  Events,  part  of  Con- 
federate Records  Group  109  (NA)  ;  the  Waightstill  Avery  Papers 
(SHC)  ;  and  the  Card  File,  Division  of  Museums    (NCDAH) . 

III.  Physical  Remains. 

The  physical  remains  which  were  examined  and  included  in  this 
study  are  several.  They  include  the  inscription  on  the  grave  of  Second 
Lieutenant  William  Preston  Mangum,  in  the  Mangum  family  ceme- 
tery near  Rougemont,  Durham  County,  North  Carolina;  a  personal 
examination  of  the  Dimrfries-Freestone  Point,  Virginia  area  by  the 
author  and  Mr.  George  Nance  of  Fredericksburg,  Virginia  on  Decem- 
ber 16,  1962:  several  detailed  studies  of  the  battlefields  of  Gettysburg, 
Plymouth,  and  Rappahannock  Bridge  which  ivere  made  by  the  author 
during  the  past  several  years;  and  the  original  flag  of  the  Sixth  North 
Carolina  State  Troops,  found  in  the  collection  of  the  Museinns 
Division,  NCDAH. 

IV.  Conversations. 

Conversations  are,  in  a  sense,  physical  remains,  and  are  therefore 
included  in  this  section  of  the  bibliography.  The  author  made  only 
one  recorded  conversation  with  General  Robert  F.  Hoke's  daughter, 
Mrs.  Hoke-Pollock,  in  Wilson,  North  Carolina.  The  conversation 
occurred  during  November,  1962. 

V.  Newspapers. 

The  ne^ivspapers  used  in  this  study  were  voluminous  and  varied. 
They  include  the  Hillsborough  Recorder,  1861-1865;  the  North  Caro- 
lina Standard.  Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  1861-1865;  the  State  Journal. 
Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  1861-1865;  the  North  Carolina  Weekly 
State  Journal,  Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  1861;  the  Raleigh  Register, 
1861-1864;  the  Salisbury  Watchman,  1861-1865;  the  Charlotte  Obser- 
ver, May  28  and  June  4,  1893;  and  the  Greensboroiigh  Patriot,  1864. 

VI.  Periodical  Articles. 

Most  of  the  periodical  articles  listed  in  this  section  may  be  found 
in  The  Confederate  Veteran  Magazine  (38  volumes,  Nashville:  Con- 
federate Veteran  Publishing  Company,  1892-1930).  These  include 
C.  W.  Earle,  "General  Johnston  Before  First  Manasas,"  XXIII,   (Jan., 


Bibliographical  Essay  271 

1915)  ;  T.  P.  Weakley,  '^Scene  on  the  Manassas  Battle-Field,"  V,  (Oct., 
1897)  ;  W.  J.  Chapman  to  B.  L.  Aycock,  undated  letter,  XXXIII, 
(Feb.,  1925);  C.  C.  Chambers,  "Mississippians  at  Gaines  Mill,"  XIX, 
(Nov.,  1911);  N.  A.  Ramsey,  "article  concerning  Robert  F.  ^Vebb 
(no  title),"  VI,  (June,  1898);  J.  B.  Policy  to  "Chamiing  Nellie," 
October  8,  1862,  in  "Crossing  Over  Into  Manland,"  IV,  (Aug.,  1896)  ; 
Clarence  R.  Hatton,  "Gen.  Archibald  Campbell  Godwin,"  XXVIII, 
(April,  1920)  ;  John  Purifoy,  "Ewell's  Attack  at  Gettysburg,  July  2, 
1863,"  XXXI,  (Dec,  1923)  :  anonymous  author,  "The  Six  Hunclred 
Confederate  Officers,"  VII,  (July.  1899);  John  Orr,  "Prison  Experi- 
ences," XIX,  (Nov.,  1911);  Reverend  E.  A.  Wright,  "The  Capture 
of  Plymouth,"  XX,  (Dec,  1912)  ;  \V.  A.  Day,  "Life  among  Bullets— 
In  the  Rifle  Pits,"  XXIX,  (June,  1921)  ;  j.  D.  BaiTier,  "Breaking 
Grant's  Line,"  XXXllI,  (Nov.,  1925)  ;  and  anonymous  author,  "Con- 
federate Flags  at  "Washington,"  I,    (August.,  1893) . 

^Valter  Clark,  editor,  Histories  of  the  Several  Regiments  and  Bat- 
talions from  North  Carolina  in  the  Great  War  1861-65  (5  volumes, 
Goldsboro:  Nash  Brothers  Book  and  Job  Printers,  1901)  contains 
several  articles  ^vhich  pertain  to  the  Sixth  Regiment.  These  include 
A.  C.  Avei7,  "Additional  Sketch  Sixth  Regiment,"  I;  Thomas  L. 
Clingman,  "The  Battle  of  First  Manassas,"  V;  and  Neil  W.  Ray, 
"Sketch  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops,"  I. 

The  Southern  Historical  Society  Papers  (38  volumes,  Richmond: 
Published  by  the  Society,  1872-1910),  includes  fi\'o  articles  about  the 
Sixth  Regiment;  General  William  Smith,  "Reminiscences  of  the  First 
Battle  of  Manassas,"  X;  and  "Paroles  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Vir- 
ginia," X\'. 

Edward  \V.  Phifer,  "Saga  of  A  Burke  County  Family,"  The  Xorth 
Carolina  Historical  Revicic,  XXXIX,  (July,  1962)  completes  the  list 
of  periodical  articles  used. 

VII.  Official  Plblications. 

Only  t^vo  official  publications  ^\ere  used  in  this  study:  The  War 
of  the  Rebellion:  A  Compilation  of  the  Official  Records  of  the  Union 
and  Confederate  Armies,  Robert  N.  Scott,  chief  editor,  in  128  volumes, 
(Washington;  Government  Printing  Office,  1880-1901)  ^Lud  Public  and 
Private  Laics  of  North  Carolina  1S60-1861.  (Raleigh;  John  Spelman, 
Printer  to  the  State,  1861)  . 

VIII.  MlLTnOLl'ME  W^ORKS. 

Douglas  S.  Freeman's  Lee's  Lieutenants:  A  Study  in  Command,  in 
3  volumes,  (Ne^\-  York;  Charles  Scribner's  Sons,  1942)  is  an  excellent 
study  of  the  command  system  in  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia.  It 


272  The  Bloody  Sixth 

contains  little  detailed  information  about  regiments,  but  may  be 
described  as  a  good  general  study.  Henry  T.  Shanks,  ed.,  Tlte  Papers 
of  Willie  P.  Mangiun,  in  5  volumes,  (Raleigh:  State  Department  of 
Archives  and  History,  1956)  contains  much  information  about  Second 
Lieutenant  William  Preston  Mangum,  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regi- 
ment. Dumas  Malone  and  Allen  Johnson,  eds.,  The  Dictionary  of 
American  Biography,  in  30  volumes,  (New  York:  Charles  Scribner's 
Sons,  1943)  is  a  standard  work  in  its  field.  Other  multivolume  works 
consulted,  all  ^\■ell-known  classics,  are:  D.  H.  Hill.  Jr.,  Bethel  to 
Sharpsburg:  North  Carolina  in  the  War  Betiveen  the  States,  in  2 
volinnes,  (Raleigh:  Ed^vards  and  Broughton  Company,  1926) ,  Samuel 
A'Cotn^t  Ashe,  ed.,  Biographical  History  of  North  Carolina,  in  8 
volinnes,  (Greensboro:  Charles  I^.  Van  Noppen  Publishers,  1906), 
and  Robert  U.  Johnson  and  Clarence  C.  Buel,  eds..  Battles  and 
Leaders  of  the  C/ndl  War.  in  4  \'olumes,  (Ne-w  '^'ork:  The  Centui7 
Company,  1884,  1887-1888). 

IX.  Monographs  and  Special  Studies. 

The  list  of  monographs  and  special  studies  used  in  the  preparation 
of  this  book  is  a  long  and  varied  one.  It  includes  Cecil  K.  Brown's, 
A  State  Movement  in  Railroad  Development  The  Story  of  North 
Carolina's  First  Effort  to  Establisli  an  East  and  West  Trunk  Line 
Railroad,  (Chapel  Hill:  The  University  of  North  Carolina  Press, 
1928)  ;  John  A.  Sloan,  North  Carolina  in  the  War  Between  the  States, 

(Washington,  D.  C:  Rufus  H.  Darby,  1883)  :  Hugh  Lefler  and  Paul 
Wager,  eds.,  A  History  of  Orange  County — 1752-1952,  (Chapel  Hill: 
Orange  Printshop,  1953)  ;  Gilbert  E.  Govan  and  James  W.  Livingood, 
A  Different  Valor,  The  Story  of  General  Joseph  E.  Johnston,  C.S.A., 

(Indianapolis  and  Neiv  York:  The  Bobbs-Merrill  Company,  1956)  ; 
Clifford  Dowdey  and  Louis  H.  Manarin,  eds..  The  Wartime  Papers  of 
R.  E.  Lee,  (Boston  and  Toronto:  Little,  Bro^vn  and  Company,  1961) ; 
Ezra  J.  Warner,  Generals  in  Gray,  Lives  of  the  Confederate  Com- 
manders, (Baton  Rogue:  Louisiana  State  University  Press,  1959)  ; 
Edward  J.  Stackpole,  Sheridan  in  the  Shenandoah.  Jubal  Early's 
Nemesis,  (Hanisburg:  The  Stackpole  Company,  1961)  ;  and  Allen  P. 
Tankersley,  John  B.  Gordon:  A  Study  in  Gallantry.  (Atlanta:  The 
Whitehall  Press,  1955)  . 

X.  Autobiographies  .\nd  Personal  Reminiscences. 

The   list    of    autobiographies    and    personal    reminiscences    which 

were  used  in  this  study  would  not  be  complete  without  the  following 

all-inclusive  list:  William  W.  Pierson,  Jr.,  ed.,  Whipt  'Em  Everytime 

The  Diary  of  Bartlett   Yancey  Malone,  Co.  H  6th   N.   C.  Regiment, 

(Jackson,  Tennessee:   AfcCo^vat-Mercer  Press,   1960)  ;  John  B.  Hood, 


Bibliographical  Essay  273 

Advance,  and  Retreat,  Personal  Experiences  in  the  United  States  & 
Confederate  States  Armies,  (Bloomington:  Indiana  University  Press, 
1959)  ;  Jubal  Anderson  Early,  Autobiographical  Sketch  and  Narrative 
of  The  War  Betiveen  the  States,  {with  Notes  by  R.  H.  Early),  (Phila- 
delphia and  London:  J.  B.  Lippincott  Company,  1912)  ;  Brantley 
York.  Autobiography  of  Brantley  York,  (Durham:  Seeman  Printeiy, 
1910) ;  and  General  John  B.  Gordon,  Reminiscences  of  The  Civil  War, 
(New  York:  Charles  Scribner's  Sons,  1904) . 

XI.  Theses  and  Dissertations. 

Only  one  thesis  was  used  in  the  preparation  of  this  study,  and  that 
one  only  in  a  small  way:  Richard  W.  lobst,  "Fort  Fisher:  A  Study," 
unpublished  M.A.  thesis,  University  of  North  Carolina,  1962. 


The  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment 

Roster 


by 
Louis  H.  Manarin 


Preface 


The  inclusion  of  a  roster  of  troops  in  this  volume  serves 
two  specific  purposes.  Primarily,  it  identifies  for  posterity 
those  men  ^vho  served  in  the  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment. 
In  addition,  the  preparation  of  the  roster  of  the  Sixth  has 
served  as  a  pilot  for  the  North  Carolina  Confederate  Cen- 
tennial Commission  in  its  endeavor  to  publish  a  roster  of  all 
North  Carolina  troops  Tvho  ser\ed  in  the  Civil  War.  The 
problems  encountered  and  the  solutions  decided  upon  have 
pro\ed  of  inestimable  valtie  in  the  preparation  of  Volume  I 
of  the  projected  series. 

The  commission  is  proud  of  the  work  of  its  competent 
editor,  Mr.  Louis  H.  Manarin,  and  is  proud  to  present  these 
first  evidences  of  his  laborious  and  painstaking  research  to 
the  public. 

Norman  C.  Larson 

Executive  Secretary 
North  Carolina  Confederate 
Centennial  Commission 


Introduction 


A  histon-  of  any  military  unit  is  generally  a  narrative  relating  the 
combined  efforts  of  the  men  in  that  unit.  Rarely  is  a  writer  able  to 
delve  into  the  lives  of  the  individual  soldiers  except  to  illustrate  some 
general  characteristics  of  the  men  or  for  acts  of  heroism  fierfonned 
on  the  field  of  battle.  With  the  exception  of  prominent  individuals 
and  officers  necessary  for  development  of  the  unit's  histoiy,  brief 
biographical  sketches  of  the  men  in  the  ranks  are  prohibited.  The 
inclusion  of  this  roster  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  North  Carolina  State 
Troops  presents  the  available  infonnation  on  the  individual  men  of 
the  regiment.  Since  it  is  a  separate  publication,  the  entire  service 
record  of  each  man  is  given.  Thus  all  service  prior  to  transfer  in  or 
after  transfer  out  is  included.  If  a  man  transferred  to  another  company 
or  the  Field  and  Staff  of  this  regiment,  then  his  ser\'ice  record  in  each 
(Overs  the  specific  period  he  served  in  that  imit.  Emphasis  has  been 
placed  on  including,  whenever  possible,  the  county  of  birth,  residence, 
and  enlistment;  occupation;  age  on  enlistment:  date  and  period  of 
enlistment;  and  all  important  events  relati\e  to  his  sen'ice  during  the 
^\-ar. 

In  compiling  this  roster  the  editor  has  adhered  to  the  date  and 
])lace  of  enlistment  as  recorded  by  the  company  clerk  on  the  muster 
rolls.  There  ivere  approximatelv  four  dates  on  ivhich  a  man  entered 
the  ser\ice:  date  of  enrollment;  enlistment;  muster  into  state  service; 
and  muster  into  Confederate  service.  For  the  initial  roll,  ivhich 
generally  set  the  precedent  for  succeeding  rolls,  the  company  clerk 
either  chose  the  date  of  enlistment  or  one  of  the  muster  in  dates.  Con- 
scripts were  usually  entered  on  the  rolls  as  enlisting  on  the  date  they 
reported  for  duty  either  to  their  local  officer  or  to  the  company.  Fre- 
quently conscripts  were  sent  to  camps  of  instruction  and  then  attached 
to  the  regiment.  The  company  clerk  ivould  give  the  place  of  enlist- 
ment as  either  the  county  in  which  he  was  conscripted,  the  county  or 
town  in  which  he  joined  the  regiment,  or  the  camp  of  instruction 
from  which  he  Avas  assigned.  No  standard  procedure  was  developed. 
F\en  a  company  clerk  might  change  his  procedure  at  times.  If  the 
conscripts  reported  as  a  group,  then  they  \vere  usually  listed  as  follows: 
date  of  enlistment  recorded  as  date  reported  for  duty  to  local  officer; 
place  of  enlistment,  either  camp  of  instruction  or  county  in  which  he 
was  conscripted.  If  a  conscript  reported  individually,  then  the  clerk 
usually  gave  the  date  and  place  of  enlistment  as  the  date  and  place 
he  joined  the  company.  It  should  l)e  noted  that  as  the  war  progressed, 
^  and  particularly  in  1864,  the  latter  method  was  generally  used. 


280  The  Bloody  Sixth 

A  roster  should  not  be  restricted  to  the  names  ol  the  men  who 
served  and  their  service  career  as  gleaned  from  the  available  records. 
From  these  indivicUial  seivice  records  it  is  possible  to  determine  the 
strength  of  the  regiment  at  any  given  time  by  constructing  charts,  to 
cover  the  entire  period  of  the  war,  on  ivhich  are  eniunerated,  in  proper 
columns,  the  individual  service  records.  This  was  done  for  the  Sixth 
Regiment  North  Carolina  State  Troops.  In  all,  1,888  men  served  in 
the  regiment  at  sometime  during  the  war.  This  figure  is  arrived  at 
by  combining  the  sum  total  of  enlisted  (1,851)  and  the  number  of 
men  who  transferred  in  (37)  .  Of  this  total,  182  ^vere  discharged,  22 
resigned,  352  died  of  disease,  221  were  killed,  30  were  missing  in 
action,  102  deserted,  50  transferred  out.  The  balance  at  the  end  of 
the  war  M'ere  either  paroled  in  the  field,  detailed,  absent  sick,  or  in 
federal  prisons.  From  July  1861  through  April  1865  there  were  883 
captures.  This  figure  includes  several  multiple  captures  of  one  man, 
as  in  several  cases  one  man  was  captiaed  as  many  as  three  times  dtning 
the  war.  Of  the  total  number  of  captured  (883) ,  443  were  paroled 
and  exchanged  before  the  end  of  the  ^^•ar,  59  joined  the  United  States 
service,  and  1  escaped.  The  survivors  of  prison  life,  214,  were  paroled 
at  the  end  of  the  i\ar. 

The  construction  of  charts  also  reveals  the  time  and  number  of 
replacements  sent  to  the  regiment.  After  the  initial  enlistments,  ^vhich 
totaled  in  July  1861,  846  (minus  the  Field  and  Staff),  replacements 
were  sent  in  the  spring  and  fall  of  1862  and  1864.  During  1863,  when 
the  regiment  suffered  heavily  in  two  major  engagements,  Gettysburg 
and  Rappahannock  Station,  only  78  recriuts  were  assigned.  At  Gettys- 
burg the  regiment  lost  41  killed,  113  ivounded,  108  captured,  and  8 
missing.  The  capture  figin-e  includes  those  captured  during  the  retreat. 
At  Rappahannock  Station  die  losses  were  as  follows:  5  killed;  15 
wounded;  317  captured;  9  missing.  In  these  two  engagements  alone 
the  losses  were:  46  killed;  128  wounded;  425  captured,  and  17  missing. 
Not  taking  into  accoimt  those  ivho  were  ivounded  and  never  retimaed 
and  those  Avho  died  of  disease  or  deserted  or  were  detailed,  it  will 
be  seen  that  in  1863  only  78  men  were  sent  up  to  fill  the  ranks.  In  1864 
approximately  388  conscripted  recruits  were  assigned  to  the  regiment. 
This  change  in  composition  definitely  effected  the  regiment's  effective- 
ness in  combat.  In  addition  to  the  conscripts,  prisoners  of  war  were 
being  paroled  and  exchanged  up  to  late  March  1865:  however,  these 
did  not  effect  the  strength  as  most  of  them  occurred  after  October 
1864.  The  possible  use  of  the  roster  to  aiTi\e  at  more  acciaate  numbers 
of  losses  and  strength  dining  partictdar  periods  of  the  war  is  thus 
presented  in  brief,  as  it  is  not  the  intention  ol  the  editor  to  enter  into 
any  statistical  analysis  in  the  introduction. 


Introduction  281 

The  materials  used  in  compiling  the  roster  \vere  numerous  and 
included  both  priniarv  and  secondai-)'  sources.  The  basic  collection 
used  ^\as  the  Compiled  Military  Service  Records  file  at  the  National 
Archives,  Washington,  D.  C.  This  collection  consists  of  jackets  con- 
taining cards  showing  the  military  service  records  of  individual  men. 
The  cards  contain  the  follo^ving:  name,  rank,  and  organization  of  the 
individual:  citations  to  documents  on  which  his  name  appears;  and 
the  information  contained  in  the  documents.  The  records  from  which 
the  information  was  taken  include  Confederate  muster  rolls,  payrolls, 
rosters,  appointment  books,  hospital  registers,  prison  registers  and 
rolls,  parole  rolls,  inspection  reports,  and  other  records  containing 
senice  information.  In  the  case  of  the  North  Carolina  records,  cards 
appear  on  all  men  listed  in  the  Roll  of  Honor,  as  the  War  Department 
considered  that  work  a  printary  somxe.  These  records  were  supple- 
mented by  the  state  pension  records  for  1885  and  1901,  records  of 
the  United  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy,  cemetery  registers,  miscel- 
laneous records  on  file  at  the  North  Carolina  Department  of  Archives 
and  History,  contemporarv  ne^vspapers,  and  two  published  works: 
Roster  of  North  Carolina  Troops  in  the  War  Between  the  States, 
edited  by  John  W.  Moore,  (Raleigh,  1882),  and  Histories  of  tlie 
Several  Regiments  and  Battalions  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Great 
War  1861-1865,  edited  by  Walter  Clark,    (Raleigh,  1901)  . 

The  editor  would  here  like  to  express  his  thanks  to  those  who 
assisted  in  this  tmdertaking.  To  his  ^vife,  Jo  Ann,  Mrs.  Hazel  Madsen, 
and  Mrs.  Essel  Parker,  who  assisted  in  the  compilation,  typing,  and 
proofreading,  a  very  special  debt  of  thanks  is  recorded.  Together  we 
have  called  the  long  roll  of  the  regiment  many  times.  In  addition,  rec- 
ognition is  given  to  the  members  of  the  staff  at  the  National  Archives 
who  assisted  in  locating  and  researching  the  records  of  the  men,  espe- 
cially Mr.  James  D.  Walker  and  Mr.  James  W.  Moore  for  their  assist- 
ance in  locating  the  records  of  the  men  who  joined  the  United  States 
service.  A  special  note  of  thanks  to  Mr.  Richard  lobst  who  provided 
typed  copies  of  the  enlistment  papers  of  Companies  E,  F,  and  G;  to 
Miss  M.  F.  Henderson  of  Chapel  Hill,  N.  C,  for  sending  the  original 
enlistment  papers  of  Company  K:  and  to  Mr.  Fleming  C.  Fraker,  who, 
in  the  course  of  his  research  to  compile  a  guide  to  Civil  War  material 
in  the  North  Carolina  Departntent  of  Archives  and  History,  made 
available  his  references  to  material  on  deposit  there. 

Louis  H.  Manarin 
Editor 


FIELD  &  STAFF 

COLONEL 

FISHER,  CHARLES  FREDERICK.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  president  (if  the  North  Carohna  Railroad  prior  to  appointment  as 
Colonel  bv  Governor  Ellis  to  rank  from  May  16.  18(51.  Killed  in  Battle  of  First 
Manassas  Jidy  21,   1861. 

PENDER,  WILLIAM  DORSEY.  Born  in  Edgecombe  County  and  resigned  his 
commission  as  1st  Lieutenant  in  the  United  States  .\nny  effective  March  21, 
1861.  .Appointed  Captain  of  .-Artillery,  Confederate  States  Army,  to  rank  from 
March  16,  1861.  Commissioned  Colonel  by  Goveriror  Ellis  to  rank  from  May 
16,  1861  and  assigned  as  commander  of  camp  of  instruction  at  Garysburg. 
Elected  Colonel  of  the  Ijth  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  {3rd  Regiment  N.  C. 
Volunteers)  May  27,  1861.  Resigned  as  Colonel  13th  Regiment  X.  C.  Troops 
(3rd  Regiment  N.  C.  Volunteers)  upon  election  and  appointment  as  Colonel 
of  the  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  to  take  effect  .August  17.  1861.  Promoted 
to  Brigadier  General  June  11,  1862  to  rank  from  June  3,  1862.  Wounded  dur- 
ing Seven  Days,  June  27— July  1,  1862;  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas,  August 
28-29,  1862:  and  at  Chancellorsville,  Va.,  May  1-5,  1863.  Promoted  to  Major 
General  .May  27,  1863  to  rank  from  that  date.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa., 
July  2,  1863  and  died  at  Staunton,  Va.,  July  18,   1863  after  leg  amputated. 

AVERY,  IS.A.AC  E.  Transferred  from  Company  E,  this  regiment,  upon  promotion 
to  Lieutenant  Colonel  June  1,  1862.  Promoted  to  Colonel  June  11,  1862. 
Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  \'a.,  Julv  1,  1862.  .Mortally  wounded  at  Gettysburg, 
Pa.,  Julv  2.   1863.  Died  July  3,   1863.' 

WEBB,  ROBERT  F.  Transferred  from  Company  B,  this  regiment,  upon  promo- 
tion to  .Major  July  11.  1861.  Promoted  to  Lieutenant  Colonel  June  11,  1862. 
Wounded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md..  September  17,  1862.  Promoted  to  Colonel  July 
2-3,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  Xoxember  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Johiisoir's  Island,  Ohio,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Alle- 
giance July  25,  1865. 

LIEUTENANT  COLONEL 

DORTCH,  WILLIAM  THEOPHILUS.  Resided  in  Wayne  County  and  appointed 
Lieutenant  Colonel  by  Governor  Ellis  to  rank  from  May  16,  1861.  Resigned 
July  11,  1861  to  assume  duties  as  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Commons,  State 
Legislature. 

LIGHTFOOT,  CHARLES  E.  .Appointed  Major  by  Governor  Ellis  to  rank  from 
.May  16.  1861.  Promoted  to  Lieutenant  Colonel  July  11,  1861.  Wounded  in 
Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21,  1861.  Elected  Colonel  of  the  22nd  Regiment 
N.  C.  Troops  (12th  Regiment  X.  C.  \'olunteers)  March  29,  1862  and  trans- 
ferred to  that  command.  Captured  at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  31,  1862  and  con- 
fined at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing. 
Va.,  .August  5,  1862.  While  a  prisoner  of  war  he  was  defeated  upon  reorganization 
of  the  regiment  June  13,  1862  and  was  no  longer  colonel  of  the  22nd  Regiment 
X.  C.  Troops  (12th  Regiment  X.  C.  Volunteers).  .Appointed  Lieutenant  Colonel 
of  .Artillery  October  7,  1862  to  rank  from  .August  18,  1862  and  assigned  to 
command  of  the  outer  line  of  artillery  of  the  Richmond  defenses.  Served  in 
Richmond  defenses  for  balance  of  war.  Paroled  at  Richmond,  \'a.,  .April  24,  1865 

283 


284  The  Bloody  Sixth 

TATE,  SAMUEL  McDOWELL.  Tiansferred  from  Company  D.  this  regimeiU, 
upon  promotion  to  Majin- June  11,  1862.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md..  Septem- 
ber 17.  1S62.  Promoted  to  Lieutenant  Colonel  July  3.  18(33.  ^Vounded  at  Cedar 
Creek.  Va.,  October  19,  1864.  Paroled  at  Morganton  May  16.  1865  and  again 
at   Salisbury  June   17,   1865. 

MAJOR 

YORK,  RICHARD  WATT.  Tiansferred  from  Company  I.  this  regiment,  upon 
promotion  to  Major  July  3,  1863.  Wounded  at  Fisher's  Hill.  Va.,  September 
22-23,   1864  and   carried   as   absent   wounded   through    February    1865. 

ADJUTANT 

LOWRIE,  HOUSTON  B.  Enlisted  at  age  22,  May  16,  1861  and  appointed  .A-djutant 
with  the  rank  of  1st  Lieutenant  to  rank  from  May  20,  1861.  Position  vacated 
August  20.    1861   by  an   Act  of   the  State  Convention.   Transferred   to   Company 

C,  this  regiment. 

SMITH,  BENJAMIN  RUSH.  Transferred  with  the  rank  of  1st  Lieutenant  from 
Company  G,  this  regiment,  and  appointed  AdjtUant  September  1,  1861.  Trans- 
ferred back  to  Company  G  upon  promotion  as  Captain  of  that  company  July 
17,  1862. 

MEBANE,  CORNELIUS.  Transferred  from  Company  F.  this  regiment,  upon 
appointment  as  Quartermaster  Sergeant  September  14,  1861.  Appointed  Ser- 
geant Major  about  November  29,  1861.  Wounded  at  Soiuh  Mountain,  Md., 
September  14.  1862.  Promoted  to  AdjtUant  with  the  rank  of  1st  Lieutenant 
September  16.  1862.  Wounded  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7, 
1863  and  carried  as  absent   woinided   through   December   1864. 

ASSISTANT  QUARTERMASTER 

SCALES,  N.  E.  Resided  in  Rockingham  County  and  enlisted  at  age  30.  .Appointed 
Captain,  .-\ssistant  Quarterinaster,  to  rank  from  May  16,  1861  and  assigned  to 
the  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops.  Promoted  to  Major  July  16,  1862  to  rank 
from  Jiuie  13.  1862.  .Assigned  as  Chief  Quartermaster  Pender's  Brigade  and 
later  to  Division  Quartermaster.  .Assigned  as  Chief  Quartermaster  Wilcox's 
Division  Deceml)er  1863.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April  9, 
1865. 

PAGE,  MALCUS  W.  Transferred  from  Company  L  this  regiment,  upon  promo- 
tion to  Captain,  .Assistant  Quartermaster,  September  16,  1862.  Resigned  April 
29,   1863, 

BRAME,  TIGNAL  H,  Resided  as  a  teacher  in  Granville  County  where  he  en- 
listed at  age  30,  .April  26.  1861   for  one  year.  Mustered  in  as  Sergeant  Company 

D,  12th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  (2nd  Regiment  N.  C.  \'olunteers).  Appointed 
Captain.  Assistant  Quartermaster,  54th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  July  1,  1862 
to  rank  from  May  1,  1862.  Appointed  Captain,  .Assistant  Commissary  of  Sub- 
sistence, 54th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  July  31.  1862  to  rank  from  July  1.  1862. 
Appointed  Captain.  .Assistant  Quartermaster,  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops 
May  12,  1863.  Reassigned  as  .Assistant  to  Pirigade  Quartermaster.  Hoke's  Brigade 
September    15.    1864.   Present  or   accounted   for   through    March    1865. 


Roster  285 

ASSISTANT  COMMISSARY  OF  SUBSISTENCE 

ALEXANDER,  WALLACE  H.  Resided  in  Lincoln  County  and  enlisted  at  age 
38.  Appointed  Captain.  .Assistant  Commissai7  of  Sulwistence.  July  10.  1861  and 
assigned  to  this  regiment.  Dropped  when  position  abolished   May  29.   1863. 

SURGEON 

NESBITT,  A.  M.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  and  enlisted  at  age  45.  .\ppointed 
Surgeon,  this  regiment.  May  1861.  Appointed  Singeon.  53rd  Regiment  Virginia 
Infantry  July  10-15.  1861.  Recalled  for  duty  in  North  Carolina  by  the  Medical 
Department   October   1862.   Paroled   at   Salisbuiy   May   29,    1865. 

HOLT,  PLEASANT  A.  Resided  in  .Alamance  County  and  enlisted  at  age  45. 
Temporarily  attached  to  the  12th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  (2nd  Regiment  N.  C. 
Volunteers)  in  June  1861.  Appointed  Surgeon  July  19.  1861  and  assigned  to 
the  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops.  Relieved  from  duty  with  this  regiment 
August  23.  1862  and  assigned  as  Brigade  Surgeon  of  Pender's  Brigade.  Ser\ed 
as  Chief  Surgeon,  Wilcox's  Division  July  1863  through  June  1864.  Appointed 
Chief  Surgeon,  District  of  Western  North  Carolina  July  5,  1864.  Present  or  ac- 
counted for  through  March  1865. 

HARDY,  JOHN  GEDDINGS.  Resided  in  Burke  County  where  he  enlisted  at  age 
31.  .April  27,  1861  for  six  months.  Mustered  in  as  Sergeant,  Company  E,  1st 
Regiment  N.  C.  Infantry  (6  raos. — 1861).  Promoted  to  .Assistant  Surgeon  to  rank 
from  May  18,  1861.  Appointed  Acting  Surgeon.  64th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops 
October  25.  1862.  Ordered  to  report  to  the  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops 
as  Surgeon  January  5,  1863.  Appointed  Surgeon  April  4.  1863  to  rank  from 
October  25.  1862.  Present  or  accounted  for  with  this  regiment  through  December 


1864. 


ASSISTANT  SURGEON 


CALDWELL,  JULIUS  A.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  and  enlisted  at  age  32. 
Appointed  Assistant  Surgeon,  this  regiment,  to  rank  from  Mav  16,  1861.  Resigned 
August  18.  1861  by  reason  of  ill  health.  Appointed  Surgeon  .April  4,  1863  to 
rank  from  October  30,  1862  and  assigned  to  the  57th  Rcginrent  X.  C.  Troops 
with  which  he  had  been  serving  as  Acting  Surgeon  since  October  1862.  Took 
Oath   of  Allegiance  at  Salisbury   May  29,   1865. 

HENDERSON,  C.  A.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  and  enlisted  at  age  26.  Ap- 
pointed 2nd  .Assistant  Surgeon,  this  regiment,  to  rank  from  May  16.  1861.  Posi- 
tion vacated  by  .Act  of  State  Convention  August  20.  1861.  Resigned  December 
1862  by  reason  of  ill  health.  Re-appointed  Assistant  Surgeon,  this  regiment, 
October  14.  1862  to  take  rank  from  September  16,  1862.  Took  Oath  of  Allegiance 
at  Salisbury  May  27,  1865. 

COLLETT,  W.  A.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at  age  32.  Appointed 
Assistant  Surgeon,  this  regiment.  September  2.  1861.  Appointed  Surgeon  August 
11,  1862  to  rank  froirr  July  29,  1862  and  assigned  to  the  58th  Regiment  N.  C. 
Troops.  Dropped  .August  11,  1863  after  failure  to  submit  to  examination. 

DAVIS,  JOHN  IGNATIUS.  Entered  service  at  age  24,  as  Contract  Surgeon  Septem- 
ber 10,  1862.  .Assigned  as  Assistant  Surgeon,  this  regiment.  Transfen'ed  to  Hood's 
Division  March  1.  1863.  .Appointed  Surgeon  May  17.  1863  to  rank  from  January 
19,   1863  and  assigned  to  the   15th  Regiinent  Alabama  Infantrv. 


286  The  Bloody  Sixth 

REESE,  WILLIAM  LEWIS.  Resided  in  Georgia  and  appointed  Assistant  Surgeon 
June  10,  1863  to  rank  from  Januai^  20,  1863.  Assigned  to  this  regiment  February 
12,  1863.  Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  where  he  had  been  left  to  tend  the 
wounded,  July  5.   1863.  Paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va.,  November 

21,  1863.  Ordered  to  report  to  Marietta,  Ga.,  November  27,  1863  for  assignment 
and  assigned  to  hospital  at  La  Grange,  Ga.,  December  5,  1863. 

BICKERS,  WILLIAM  A.  Born  in  Virginia  and  appointed  Assistant  Surgeon 
December  4,  1862  to  rank  from  August  20,  1862.  Assigned  to  the  1st  Regiment 
Georgia  Regulars  and  transferred  to  this  regiment  November  3,  1863.  Present 
or  accounted  for  through  February  1865.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House, 
Va.,  April  9,  1865. 

CHAPLAIN 

MANGUM,    ADOLPHUS    W.,    D.D.,    Methodist     Episcopal     Church,     South.     Re 

sided  in  Rowan  County  and  enlisted  at  age  27  and  appointed  Chaplain  to 
this  regiment.  Resigned  October  31,  1861  and  returned  to  Salisbui7  where 
he  served  as  Chaplain  at  Salisbury  Prison  in  addition  to  his  other  pastoral 
duties.  Paroled  at  Salisbury  June   12.   1865. 

SERGEANT-MAJOR 

MEBANE,  DAVID  A.  Transferred  from  Company  F,  this  regiment,  June  20, 
1861    upon   appointment    as   Sergeant-Major.    Reduced    to    ranks    November    29, 

1861  and  returned  to  Company  F,  this  regiment. 

BASON,   GEORGE   F.     Transferred   from    Company   F,   this    regiment,    October    1, 

1862  upon  appointment  as  Sergeant-Major.  Transferred  to  Brigadier  General 
William  D.  Pender's  staff  January  27.  1863.  Appointed  1st  Lieutenant  of  Artil- 
ler)'  March  26,  1864  to  take  rank  from  February  25,  1864  and  assigned  as 
Ordnance  Officer  Brigadier  General  .-Vlfred  M.  Scales'  Brigade.  Appointed 
Captain  of  Artillery  March   31,   1865. 

WHITE,  JOHN  JOHNSTON.  Transferred  from  Company  F,  this  regiment, 
iMarch  1,  1863  upon  appointment  as  Sergeant-Major.  Reduced  to  ranks  August 
1,  1863  and  returned  to  Company  F,  this  regiment,  and  detailed  as  .Acting  Com- 
missary Sergeant. 

ANDERSON,  QUINTIN  T.  Transferred  from  Company  H,  this  regiment, 
October  1,  1863  upon  appointment  as  Sergeant-Major.  Captured  at  Rappahan- 
nock Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  March  5,  1865. 

FRITTS,   DANIEL    H.     Transferred   from    Company    D.   this    regiment,    December 

22.  1864  upon  appointment  as  Sergeant-Major.  Present  or  accounted  for  through 


December  1864 


QUARTERMASTER  SERGEANT 


MLTRPHY,  SAMUEL  G.  Transferred  from  Company  F.  this  regiment.  July  12. 
1861  upon  appointment  as  Quartermaster  Sergeant.  Discharged  at  Richmond, 
Va.,  October  18,  1861  by  reason  of  disability. 


Roster  287 

SMITH,  WILLIAM  M.  Transferred  from  Company  A,  this  regiment,  January  5, 
1862  upon  appointment  as  Quartennaster  Sergeant.  Detailed  as  a  machinist 
on  the  Richmond  and  Dan\illc  Railroad  February  1,  1864.  Detail  extended 
through   December    1864. 

COMMISSARY   SERGEANT 

ALLEN,  NATHANIEL  M.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  20,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Appointed  Commissary  Sergeant  July  1,  1861.  Reduced  to  ranks 
February  25,  1862  and  assigned  to  Company  I,  this  regiment.  Detailed  as 
Acting  Commissary  Sergeant  until  captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va., 
November  7,  1863. 

HOSPITAL  STEWARD 

CURRIE,  DAVID  M.  Transferred  from  Company  H,  this  regiment,  October  1, 
1861  upon  appointment  as  Hospital  Steward.  Present  or  accounted  for  through 
December  1864.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House.  Va.,  April  9,   1865. 

BAND 

ALBRIGHT,  JOHN  S.,  Musician.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  34,  March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Originally  en- 
listed in  Company  F,  this  regiment,  and  transferred  to  the  Band  December  6, 
1862.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  Appomattox 
Court  House,  Va.,  April  9,  1865. 

COOPER,  WILLIAM  R.,  Musician.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  lie  resided 
as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  19,  February  25,  1862  for  the  war.  Originally 
enlisted  in  Company  H,  this  regiment,  and  transferred  to  the  Band  November 
1,  1862.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  .Ap- 
pomattox  Court   House,   Va.,   April   9,    1865. 

COZ.iRT,  JAMES  H.,  Chief  Musician.  Born  in  Person  County  and  resided  in 
Granville  County  as  a  merchant  prior  to  his  enlistment  in  Orange  County  at 
age  26.  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in  Company  B,  this 
regiment,  and  transferred  to  the  Band  November  1,  1862.  Present  or  accounted 
for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April 
9,  1865. 

COZART,  T.  G.,  Musician.  Resided  in  Granville  County  and  enlisted  at  Rapidan, 
Va.,  .August  31,  1863  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in  Company  B,  this 
regiment,  and  transferred  to  the  Band  September— October  1863.  Present  or 
accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House, 
Va.,  April  9,  1865. 

DAWSON,  FRANK  H.,  Musician.  Born  in  Randolph  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  Mecklenburg  County  at  age  28,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in  Ccmipany  .A,  this  regiment,  and  transfeiTed 
to  the  Band  November  1.  1862.  Present  or  accoimted  for  through  Decembei 
1864.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court   House,   Va.,  April   9,   1865. 

FOWLER,  THOMAS  H.,  Musician.  Born  in  Chatham  or  Orange  County  and 
resided  as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  Mecklenburg  County  at  age  22,  May 
28,  1861  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in  Company  F.  this  regiment.  \Voundtd 
at  Seven  Pines.  Va.,  May  31,  1862,  Transferred  to  the  Band  December  6,  1862. 
Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  Appomattox 
Court  House,  Va.,  April  9,  1865. 


288  The  Bloody  Sixth 

HOLLOVVAV,  KINCHEN,  Musician.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  19.  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted 
in  Company  C,  this  regiment,  and  transferred  to  the  Band  November  1.  1862. 
Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  Appomattox 
Court   House,   Va.,  April  9,   1865. 

HORN,  JAIMES  E.,  Musician.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  20.  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in 
Company  K,  this  regiment,  and  transferred  to  the  Band  December  6,  1862, 
Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court 
House,  Va.,  April  9.   1865. 

HOUK,  JOHN  ALLISON,  Musician.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  fanner  prior  to  cnlislment  in  .\lamancc  County  at  age  27,  June  17,  1861  for 
the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in  Company  D,  this  regiment.  Captured  at  Seven 
Pines,  Va.,  May  31,  1862  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled 
and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va..  August  5.  1862.  Transferred  to  the 
Band  November  1,  1862.  Captured  at  Winchester,  Va..  July  20,  1864  and  con- 
fined at  Camp  Chase.  Ohio,  where  he  joined  the  U.  S.  service  April  22,  1865. 
Mustered  into  Company  E,  5th  Regiment  U.  S.  Volunteers  at  Alton.  III.,  May 
2,  1865  for  three  years.  Deserted  September  17.  1865  on  the  march  from  Fort 
Kearney  to  Cotton  Wood,  Nebraska  Territory. 

KING,  LEONIDAS  M.,  Musician.  Born  in  Wake  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  19.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted 
in  Company  I,  this  regiment,  and  transferred  to  the  Band  November  1,  1862. 
Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court 
House,   Va.,   April   9,    1865. 

LEATHERS,  JOHN  MOSES,  Musician.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  17,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Originally  en- 
listed in  Company  C,  this  regiment,  and  transferred  to  the  Band  November  1, 
1862.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  .Ap- 
pomattox Court  House,  Va..  April  9,  1865. 

LUNSFORD,  NATHAN  L.,  Musician.  Both  in  Person  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  Orange  County  at  age  19,  May  1,  1861  for 
the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in  Company  B,  this  regiment,  and  tiansferred  to 
the  Band  November  1,  1862.  Present  or  accounted  for  tlirough  December  1864. 
Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  .April  9,  1865. 

PIPER,  JOSEPH  G.,  Musician  (Sergeant).  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he 
resided  as  a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  21,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Originaliy 
eirlisted  in  Company  B,  this  regiment.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed 
Corporal  September  28,  1861.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  January-February  1862. 
TransfeiTed  to  the  Band  November  1.  1862.  Present  or  accounted  for  through 
December  1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court   House,   Va..  .April  9,   1865. 

RATHBONE,  JAMES  H.,  Musician.  Born  in  Yancey  or  Burke  County  and  resided 
as  a  fanner  prior  to  enlistment  in  Mecklenburg  Cxjunty  at  age  21.  May  28.  1861. 
Originally  enlisted  in  Company  E,  this  regiment,  and  transferred  to  the  Band 
December  6,  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  186.? 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's 
Landing.  Va.,   February  25-March   3,    1865. 

SLOOP,  DAVID  ALEXANDER,  Musician.  Born  hi  Ro^van  County  where  he 
resided  as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  Mecklenburg  County  at  age  23.  May 
29,  1861  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in  Company  G.  this  regiment.  Wounded 


Roster  289 

at  Gaines'  Mill,  Va..  June  27.  1862.  Transferred  to  the  Band  November  1,  1862. 
Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court 
House.   Va.,   April   9.    1865. 

COMPANY  A 

OFFICERS 
CAPTAINS 

McKINNEY,  ROBERT  M.  Originally  a  resident  of  Lynchburg,  Va..  he  was  seri'- 
ing  as  Commandant  and  Professor  at  the  North  Carolina  Military  Institute, 
Charlotte,  when  he  enlisted  at  age  26.  May  16,  1861.  Commissioned  as  Captain 
by  Governor  Ellis  May  24.  1861.  Elected  Colonel  of  the  15th  Regiment  N.  C. 
Troops  June  24.  1861.  Killed  in  action  at  Lee's  Farm  near  ^\'illiamsburg.  Va., 
April  16.  1862. 

KIRKLAND,  SAMUEL  S.  Enlisted  May  16.  1861  and  appointed  1st  Lieutenant. 
Promoted  to  Captain  June  24,  1861  to  rank  from  May  20.  1861.  Resigned  because 
of  ill  health  July  29.  1862  and  appointed  ist  Lieutenant  of  Artillery  July  29, 
1862  to  take  effect  on  that  date  to  serve  as  Ordnance  Officer  on  the  staff  of 
Brigadier  General  \Villiam  Dorsey  Pender.  .Appointed  1st  Lieutenant  and 
aide-de-camp  to  General  Pender  April  23,  1863  to  take  effect  December  13, 
1862.  On  June  13.  1863  he  became  Captain,  Assistant  Adjutant  General  on 
staff  of  Brigadier  General  Alfred  M.  Scales,  who  assumed  command  of  Pender's 
Brigade.  Resigned  July  18,  1863  on  the  death  of  General  Pender.  Declined  ap- 
pointment as  Captain  tendered  September  28,  1863.  Appointed  Captain,  Assist- 
ant Quartermaster,  October  16.  1863  to  take  rank  from  that  date.  Sened  as 
Post  Quartenriaster  at  Hillsboro.  Paroled  April   26,   1865. 

TURNER,  JAMES  CALDER.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  and  enlisted  May  16, 
1861.  Appointed  1st  Lieutenant  July  11.  1861  to  take  rank  from  May  20.  1861. 
\V'ounded  at  Mahern  Hill.  \a..  July  1,  1862.  Promoted  to  Captain  July  29.  1862. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Johnson's  Island,  Ohio,  imtil  released  on  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June  13, 
1865. 

LIEUTENANTS 

COX,  MILTON  H.,  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  Guilford  County  and  enlisted  in 
.-\lamance  County  at  age  21.  July  1.  1861  for  the  war  and  mustered  in  as  Private. 
Appointed  Corporal  December  1,  1861.  Promoted  to  2nd  Lieutenant  February 
4,  1863  and  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1.  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahan- 
nock Station.  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Johnson's  Island.  Ohio, 
until  released  on  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June  12,   1865. 

HARDIN,   DOCTOR  Z.,   2nd   Lieutenant.     Enlisted   at   Charlotte   at    age   26.    May 

28.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  July 
19,  1862.  Elected  2nd  Lieutenant  November  7,  1863.  'Wounded  at  Cedar  Creek, 
\'a.,  October  19,  1864.  Captured  at  Sayler's  Creek.  \'a.,  April  6,  1865  and  con- 
fined at  Johnson's  Island.  Ohio,  until  released  on  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance 
June  18.   1865. 

KIRKL.4ND,  ALEXANDER  M.,  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  Orange  County  as 
a  gentleman.  Commissioned  2nd  Lieutenant  to  rank  from  May  20,  1861.  Resigned 
October  19,  1861.  Enlisted  as  a  Private  in  Company  E.  41st  Regiinent  N.  C. 
Troops   (3rd  Regiment  N.  C.  Cavalry)   October  7,  1861   for  one  vear.  Served  in 


290  The  Bloody  Sixth 

said  company  until  mustered  into  2nd  Company  G,  40th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops 
(3rd  Regiment  N.  C.  Artillery)  at  Hillsboro  at  the  age  of  23,  March  15,  1862  for 
the  war.  Mustered  in  as  a  Private  and  appointed  Sergeant  April  6,  1862. 
Promoted  to  1st  Sergeant  July  10.  1862.  Elected  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant  December 
18,  1862  and  promoted  to  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant  January  6.  1863.  Promoted  to 
1st  Lieutenant  April  1,  1863.  By  Special  Order  No.  66,  November  4,  1863, 
2nd  Company  G,  40th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  (3rd  Regiment  N.  C.  Artil- 
lery) became  Company  E,  13th  Battalion  N.  C.  Light  Artillery.  Resigned  by 
reason  of  charges  and  specifications  of  court  martial  March  31,  1864  and 
resignation   accepted   April    12.    1864. 

PRICE,  THOMAS  A.,  1st  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  and  enlisted  at 
Charlotte  April  25.  1861.  Appointed  2nd  Lieutenant  July  11.  1861  to  rank 
from  May  20,  1861.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21,  1861.  Promoted 
to  1st  Lieutenant  July  29,  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va., 
November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Johnson's  Island,  Ohio,  until  released  on 
taking  Oath  of  .Mlegiance  June   13.  1865. 

SMITH,  ERNEST  H.,  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  .Alamance  County  and  enlisted 
at  Charlotte  at  age  20,  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and 
appointed  Sergeant  June  1.  1861  and  1st  Sergeant  September  13.  1861.  Appointed 
Jr  2nd  Lieutenant  November  29,  1861.  Wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  31, 
1862.  Promoted  to  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant  July  29.  1862  and  dropped  from  rolls 
June  12,  1863  by  reason  of  prolonged  absence  without  leave,  having  been  absent 
sick   since   August   27,    1862. 

NON-COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS  AND  PRIVATES 

ALSTON,  JOSEPH  O.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  20,  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  \Voinuicd  at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  July  1.  1863.  Died  of  disease  June  3, 
1864  at  Charlotte. 

ARMFIELD,  NATHANIEL  M.,  Private.     Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age   19,  May  28, 

1861  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at 
Greensboro  May   3,   1865. 

BANKHART,  GEORGE,  Private.  Born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  and  resided  as  a  fanner 
and  mechanic  prior  to  his  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23.  May  28.  1861 
for  the  war.  Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond.  Va..  June  7,  1864  wounded. 
Captured  at  Strasburg.  Va.,  September  23.  1864  and  confined  at  Point 
Lookout,  Md.  Joined  the  U.  S.  service  October  12,  1864  and  mustered 
into  Company  A,  4th  Regiment  U.  S.  Volunteers  at  Fort  Monroe.  Va..  October 
31,  1864  for  three  years.  Deserted  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  May  12.  1865. 

HARDEN,  J.  E.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh,  March  20,  1864  for 
the  war.  Wounded  at  Plymouth  April  19,  1864.  Carried  as  absent  in  hospital  on 
Muster  Rolls  through  December  1864. 

BECKERDITE,  J.,  Private.  Resided  in  Randolph  County.  Enlisted  at  Camp 
Stokes.  Charlotte.  November  15.  1864  for  the  war.  Deserted  near  Petersburg.  \'a., 
December  11,  1864  and  took  Oath  of  .\mnesty  at  City  Point,  Va.,  December 
13,  1864. 

BEDSOLE,  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  14,  1863  for  the  war.  Died 
of  gunshot  wounds  at  Richmond.  Va.,  June   12,   1864. 


Roster  291 

BELL,  W.  F.,  Private.  Resided  in  Randolph  County.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Stokes, 
Cliarloue,  November  15,  1864  for  the  war.  Deserted  near  Petersburg,  Va., 
December  11.  1864.  Took  Oath  of  .Amnesty  at  City  Point.  Va.,  December  13, 
1864. 

BL.AKELEY,  JOHN  R.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Greensboro  February  22,  1862  for 
the  war.  Wounded  at  Port  Republic,  Va..  September  27,  1864.  .Absent  in  hos- 
pital  through   December   1864. 

BLANEY,  BARNEY,  Private.  Born  in  Ireland.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  28, 
Mav  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Killed  in  action  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21, 
1861. 

BOGUS,  ELIJAH,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  54.  May  28.  1861  for  the 
war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Detailed  as  shoemakei 
at   Kinsion,  September    15.   1864   through    December   1864. 

BOLES,  ALBERT,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh,  March  20,  1864 
for  the  war.   Deserted   at   Washington,  N.   C,   May   1,    1864. 

BOON,  J.,  Private.  .Admitted  to  Chimborazo  Hospital  No.  4,  Richmond,  Va., 
June   I.    1862  with   gunshot  wound,   and  returned    to  duty   June   14.    1862. 

BOWMAN,  JAMES  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  W'onnded  at  Malvern  Hill.  Va..  July  1,  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahan- 
nock Station,  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md 
Paroled   and   exchanged    November    15.    1864   at   Venus    Point,   Savannah    Rivei. 

BRADSHAW,  CHARLES,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  22,  1862 
for  the  war.  Deserted  near  Flintville.  Va..  June  13,  1863  and  joined  from 
desertion  December  16.  1863.  Placed  in  aiTest  through  February  1864.  Deserted 
again  near  Woodstock,  Va.,  November  10.   1864. 

BRADSHAW,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  Countv  September  20.  1863  for 
the  KcW.  Sent  to  hospital  December  21.  1863  and  died  in  hospital,  date  un- 
known. Claim  for  effects  filed  May  23,  1864. 

BRADY,  S.  B.,  Private.  Captured  in  Hanover  County,  Va.,  May  30.  1864  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  June  8,  1864.  Exchanged  at  Venus  Point, 
Savannah   River,   Ga.,   November    15,    1864. 

BRENN.AN,  BARNEY,  Private.  Born  in  Ireland.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  50. 
May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21.  1861 
and  died  at  General   Hospital,  Charlottesville,  Va.,   of  woinids  .August   9.   1861 

BROWN,  ,  Private.     Enlisted  in  Wake  County  March  20,  1864.  Detailed. 

BROWN,  JOHN  T.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  High  Point  February  28.  1862  for  the 
war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined 
at  Point  Lookout,  Md.  Took  Oath  of  .Allegiance  and  joined  the  LI.  S.  service 
January  21.  1864. 

BROWN,  JOSEPH  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  High  Point  February  28,  1862  for  the 
war.  Detached  as  Teamster  on  Division  Ordnance  Train  from  January  28,  1863 
through   December  1864.   Paroled   at  Greensboro.   May  5,    1865. 

BROWN,  JULIUS  S.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  High  Point  March  5.  1862  for  the  war. 
^Vounded  in  action  at  Gaines'  Mill,  Va.,  June  27.  1862.  Captured  at  Rappa- 
hannock Station,  Va..  \o\ember  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md., 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing.  Va..  Feliruary  24.  1865.  Paroled 
at  .Appomattox   Coiut   House,  \'a..   .April   9,   1865. 


292  The  Bloody  Sixth 

BROWN,  W.  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh,  March  20,  1864. 
Wounded  near  Richmond  and  sent  to  hospital  June  4,  1864.  Absent  wounded 
through  December  1864. 

BUCKLEY,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  19.  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  .\ppointed  Musician  June  1.  1861.  Reduced  to  ranks  .August  31,  1861.  Present 
or  accounted  for  through  October  1864;  however,  carried  as  absent  sick  after 
July  17,   1863. 

BUCKLEY,  PATRICK,  Private.  Born  in  Ireland,  occupation  laborer.  Enlisted  at 
Charlotte  at  age  44,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  November  30.  1861 
by  reason  of  disabilitv. 

BURGESS,  ISAAC  \\'.,  Private.  Resided  in  Randolph  County  and  enlisted  at 
Company  Shops  at  age  26.  July  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Boonesboro, 
Md,,  September  14,  1862  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled 
and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va..  October  2,  1862.  Wounded  at  Chancel- 
lorsville,  Va.,  May  4.  1863,  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  Novembei 
7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Aiken's  Landing.  May  8,  1864,  Wounded  at  Cedar  Creek.  Va.,  October  19,  1864. 
Captured  near  Petersburg.  Va..  March  25.  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout 
until  released  after  taking  Oath   of  .Allegiance  June  23,   1865. 

BURGESS,  JAMES  R.,  Private.  Resided  in  Randolph  County  and  enlisted  at 
Company  Shops  at  age  18,  July  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  Va..  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va..  May  8.  1864.  Captured  at 
Strasbiu-g,  Va,,  November  13,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout  until  released 
after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  23,  1865. 

BURNS,  D.4NIEL,  Private.  Born  in  Ireland  and  resided  in  Petersburg.  Va.,  as  a 
laborer.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  30,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  ^\'ounded 
at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21,  1861.  Detailed  as  ambulance  driver  in 
Richmond,  Va.,  September  6,  1863.  Captured  at  .Amelia  Court  House,  \'a..  April 
6,  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  released  after  taking  Oath 
of  Allegiance  June   23,   1865, 

BURNS,  STEPHEN,  Private.  Born  in  Ireland,  occupation  stonecutter.  Enlisted 
at  Charlotte  at  age  34,  May  28.  1861  lor  the  war.  Discharged  .August  31.  1863  by 
reason  of  disability. 

BURROW,  CHARLES  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  21,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21,  1861.  Confined  at 
Fort  McHenry.  Md.,  until  transferred  to  Fort  Monroe,  Va„  where  he  was 
paroled  and  exchanged  in  November  1862,  Wounded,  missing  and  presumed 
killed    at   Gettysburg,   Pa..  July   2,    1863. 

C.4RBORO,  P.VTRICK,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  39,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Died  of  disease  at  Richmond.  \'a..  December  22,   1862. 

CASEY,  JAMES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  27,  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.   Deserted  at   Lynchburg,  \'a..  June    13,   1862. 

CASEY,  P.ATRICK,  Private.  Originally  a  resident  of  Lancaster  County,  Pa.,  and 
enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  30.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  and 
captured  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  3.  1863.  Confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until 
released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance   May  3,   1865. 


Roster  293 

CASS,  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Vance,  Raleigh.  October  1,  1864  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Cedar  Creek,  Va.,  October  19,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va..  March  28,  1865. 

CAUBLE,  EDW.-VRD,  I^vate.  Enlisted  at  Salisbury  May  15.  1862  for  the  war. 
Deserted  from  hospital  March  30,  1863. 

CHAMBERS,  JESSE,  Private.  Enlisted  at  High  Point  February  24,  1862  for  the 
war.  AVounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Captured  at  South  Mountain, 
Md.,  July  4.  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  where  he  died  October 
7,   1863.  Buried  in  National  Cemetery.   Finn's   Point.   N.  J. 

CHAPMAN,  JOSHUA,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  22.  1862 
for  the  war.  ^\'ounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  July  1.  1863  and  died  in  liospital  at 
Staunton,   Va.,  September   19,    1863   from  wounds. 

CHAPMAN,  RICHARD,  Private.  Resided  in  Btuke  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp 
Stokes  October  28,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Burkeville,  Va.,  April  6,  1865. 
Admitted  to  Caner  U.  S.  General  Hospital  with  gunshot  wound  -April  16,  1865. 
Died  April  21,  1865. 

CLARK,  JAMES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  34,  June  7,  1861  for  the 
war.  Discharged  September   14,   1861   by  reason  of  disease. 

COLETRANE,  JOHN  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  20,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  \'a.,  July  1.  1862  and  died  of  wounds 
July  7,   1862.   Buried  in   Hollywood   Cemetery.   Richmond,   Va. 

COLETRANE,  LEONARD  M.,  Private.  Born  in  Randolph  County  and  resided 
as  a  fanner  prior  to  his  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  19,  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va..  November  7.  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout.  Md.  Released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  and 
joining  the  U.  S.  service  February  5,  1864.  Mustered  in  as  a  Sergeant  at  Norfolk, 
Va..  May  1,  1864  into  Company  F,  1st  Regiment  U.  S.  Volunteers  for  three 
years.  Reduced  to  ranks  September  10,  1864  and  deserted  at  Camp  Reno,  Mil- 
waukee, Wis.,  September  14,  1864.  Enlisted  as  a  substitute  for  David  A.  Gage 
under  an  assumed  name.  Milton  Cox,  in  Company  A,  42nd  Regiment  Illinois 
Infantry  at  Chicago.  111.,  November  12,  1864.  Mustered  out  at  Port  Lavaca, 
Texas.  December   16,   1865. 

COLTR.4NE,  DANIEL  F.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  High  Point  at  age  16.  March  10, 
1862  for  the  war.  Died  of  disease  at  Richmond,  Va..  June   13.   1862. 

COPEL.4ND,  JAMES  P.,  Private.  Born  in  Cleveland  County,  occupation  mason. 
Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  26.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Killed  at  Battle  of 
Second  Manassas  .Vugust  29,  1862. 

CRANFORD,  L.,  Private.     Paroled  at  Salisbury   May  23,   1865. 

CROKER,  WILLIAM  R.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  High  Point  at  age  30,  February  24, 
1862.  Captured  at  Fair  Oaks.  Va.,  June  2,  1862  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware, 
Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing.  Va..  .August  5,  1862. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7.  1863.  Confined  at  Point 
Lookout,  Md.  Released  after  taking  the  Oath  of  Allegiance  and  joining  the 
U.   S.  service   Januai^'  24,    1864. 

CROKER,  ZEBEDEE  C,  Private.  Enlisted  at  High  Point  February  24,  1862  for 
the  war.  Captined  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout,  Aid.  Took  Oath  of  .Allegiance  and  joined  the  U.  S. 
service  January  24,  1864. 


294  The  Bloody  Sixth 

CROSSETT,  S.  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes  October  20,  1864  for  the 
war.  Captured  near  Petersburg.  \'a..  March  25.  1865  and  confined  at  Point 
Lookout,  Md. 

CRUST,  GEORGE,  Private.  Resided  in  Alexandria.  Va.,  and  enlisted  at  Richmond, 
Va.,  July  18,  1861.  Captured  at  Williamsport.  Md..  July  2.  1863.  Took  Oath 
of  Allegiance  November  17,  1863  and  remained  in  employ  of  L'.  S.  government. 

CURTIS,  JOHN  M.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  28.  May  28,  1861 
for  tlie  war.  .-Appointed  Corporal  June  1.  1861.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  .\pril 
1863.  Wounded  and  captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa,.  July  2,  1863,  Paroled  and 
exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va„  August  28.  1863.  Detailed  with  regimental  bag- 
gage train  at  Tarboro  September— October  1864.  Paroled  at  Richmond,  Va.. 
April   18.   1865. 

CUTTING,  JONATHAN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Lexington  February  28.  1862  for 
the  war.  Wounded  near  Richmond,  Va,,  September  27,  1862.  Captured  at  Rap- 
pahannock Station,  Va,,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md., 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  \'a.,  February  24,   1865, 

DAVIS,  JOHN  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Davidson  County,  occupation  laborer.  En- 
listed at  Charlotte  at  age  19,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Chancel- 
lorsville,  Va..  May  4,  1863.  Discharged  December  30,  1864  by  reason  of  dis- 
ability. 

DELAY,  ROBERT  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  26,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Deserted  at  Lyncliburg.  Va.,  June  13,  1862. 

DEMPSEY,  HUMPHREY,  Private.  Resided  in  Pottsville,  Pa.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte 
at  age  24.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2.  1863 
and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  released  on  taking  Oath  of  Alle- 
giance May  3,  1865. 

DENTON,  EMANUEL,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  15,  1862  for 
the  war.  Detached  on  hospital  duty  in  Richmond  January  13,  1863  through 
August   1863.  Paroled  at  Burkeville,' Va.,  .April   14-17.   1865. 

DENTON,  THOM.4S,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  15.  1862  foi 
the  war.   Present   or  accounted   for   through   December   1864. 

DENTON,  WILLIAM  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  22.  1862 
for  the  war.  Died  in  camp  near  Fredericksburg.  \'a.,  November  22,  1862  of 
disease. 

DICKSON,  JAMES  ROBERT,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  21,  May  28, 
1861  for  the  war,  .Appointed  Sergeant  June  1.  1861.  and  promoted  to  1st  Sergeant 
April  1,  1863.  Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill,  \'a.,  June  27,  1862,  and  at  Chancellors- 
ville,  Va.,  May  4,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November 
7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Aiken's  Landing.  Va.,  February  24,  1865.  Paroled  at  General  Hospital,  Thomas- 
ville.  May   1,   1865, 

DIXON,  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Stokes  No\ember  15,  1864  for  the  war. 
Deserted  at   Mt.  Crawford,   Va.,   December  6,    1864, 

DUDDY,  MICH.AEL,  Private.  Resided  in  Mecklenburg  County.  Deserted  at  Little 
York.  Pa..  Julv  1,  1863.  Took  Oath  of  .Allegiance  and  released  at  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  November  4.  1863. 


Roster  295 

DUVAL,  EUGENE  ALEXANDER,  Private.  Born  in  New  Orleans.  La.  Enlisted 
at  Charlotte  at  age  27,  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Captnred  at  Frederick,  Md., 
September  12.  1862  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until  paroled  and 
exchanged  November  10.  1862  at  .-Aiken's  Landing,  Va.  Captured  at  Fredericks- 
burg, Va.,  May  3,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delavvare,  Del.,  until  paroled  at 
Fort  Delaware  and  sent  to  City  Point.  Va.,  May  23,  1863  for  exchange.  Deserted 
near  Calidian  Iron  'Works,  Pa.,  June  25,  1863. 

EDMONDS,  P.,  Private.  Took  Oath  of  .-Vllegiance  and  paroled  at  Morganton, 
May  29,  186,5. 

ELLIOT,  J.  L.,  Private.  Captured  at  South  Mountain,  Md.,  September  15.  1802, 
and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  November 
10,  1862  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  \'a.  Died  soon  after  exchange. 

ELLIOTT,  JAMES  T.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  High  Point  February  28,  1862  for 
the  war.  Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill.  Va„  June  27,  1862.  Died  of  disease  at 
Jordans'   Springs   Hospital    near   \Vinchester,    Va.,   June   22,    1863. 

ELLIOTT,  ROS'WELL  L.,  Private.  Born  in  Randolph  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  prior  to  his  enlistment  at  Salisbun  .March  6.  1862  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill.  Va..  June  27.  1862.  Captured  at  South  Mountain, 
Md.,  September  14,  1862  and  exchanged.  Captured  again  at  Winchester,  Va., 
July  21,  1864  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase.  Ohio,  where  he  enlisted  in  the 
U.  S.  Arniy  .\pril  22.  1865.  Mustered  in  at  Alton.  111..  May  2.  1865  in  Company 
E,  5th  Regiment  U.  S.  \'olunteers  for  three  years.  Mustered  out  at  Fort 
Kearney,    Nebraska    Territor)',    October    11,    1806. 

EPLEY,  ANDREW  R.,  Private.  Resided  in  Morganton  and  enlisted  in  Burke 
County  September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Carried  on  Company  Muster  Rolls 
through  October  1804  as  absent  sick. 

EPLEY,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  22,  1862  for  the 
war.  Captured  at  Strasburg,  \'a..  October  19,  1804  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out. Md.  Paroled  at  Point  Lookout,  however  he  died  aboard  the  U.  S.  .Army 
Hospital  steamer  "Baltic"  on  November  9.  1804.  of  disease,  and  was  buried  at 
sea. 

EPLEY,  PETER,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  22.  1802  for  the 
war.  ^Vounded  at  Chancellorsville,  \'a.,  May  4,  1863.  Paroled  at  Appomattox 
Court   House,  Va.,  .April  9,   1865. 

ESSICK,  RANSOM,  Private.  Born  in  Davidson  County,  occupation  farmer.  En- 
listed at  Company  Shops  at  age  18,  June  12,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged 
December  27,   1801,  by  reason  of  physical  disability. 

EVERHEART,  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Stokes.  Charlotte,  November  15, 
1864,  for  the  war.  Deserted   at   Lacey  Spring,  Va.,  November  23,    1864. 

EZZELL,  HENRY  E.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh,  March  20, 
1864  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

FIELDS,  C.  S.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Hohries,  Raleigh,  March  20,  1864  for 
the  war.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  10,  1865. 

FEN'CHMAN,  A.  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh,  March  20,  1861 
for  the   war.   Deserted   Mav   1,    1864   at   Washington,   N.   C. 


296  The  Bloodv  Sixth 

FLEMING,  JOHN,  Private.  Originally  a  resident  of  New  York  City,  he  enlisted 
at  Charlotte  at  age  29,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  July  2,  1862. 
Wounded  and  captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  4,  186.S.  Confined  at  Fort 
Delaware,  Del.,  luitil  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .\llegiance  Februai^  27, 
1865. 

FORLEY,  TIMOTHY,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  30,  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  Detailed  as  Hospital  Guard  at  Lynchburg,  Va.,  November  6,  1863  be- 
cause of  sickness.  Remained  on  detail  and  paroled  at  Lynchburg  April  15,  1865. 

GALLIMORE,  JE.SSE,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Salisbury  March  15.  1862  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Bermuda  Hundred,  Va.,  October  9,  1864  and  released  after  tak- 
ing Oath  of  Allegiance  October  12,  1864  at  Washington,  D.  C. 

GLEASON,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  36,  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  Wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  1862.  Sent  to  hospital  sick.  May  2, 
1863  and  detailed  as  Hospital  Guard  at  Lynchburg,  Va.,  November  1.  1863. 
Remained  on  detail  and  paroled  at  Lynchbing  .\pril  13,  1865. 

GOBLE,  JOHN  G.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Iredell  County  September  15,  1862  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863,  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookoiu,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .\iken's  Land- 
ing, Va.,  March  3,  1865.  Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  after  exchanged. 

GORRAL,  JAMES  G.,  Private.  Born  in  Guilford  County,  occupation  carpenter. 
Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  18,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp 
Jones,  near  Bristoe  Station,  Va.,  September  17,   1861   of  disease. 

GRAHAM,  E.,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes, 
Raleigh,  October  20,  1864  lor  the  war.  Captured  at  Farmville,  Va.,  April  6, 
1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va..  until  released  on  taking  Oath  of  Alle- 
giance June  26,  1865. 

GRIFFIN,  JAMES  R.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  23.  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  Wounded  in  engagements  near  Richmond,  Va.,  July  1.  1862.  Captured 
at  South  Mountain.  Md.,  September  14,  1862  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware, 
Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  November  10,  1862. 
Deserted   after  exchanged. 

GROSS,  JACOB,  Private.  Captured  at  Fredericksburg.  Va.,  May  3,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.  Sent  to  City  Point.  Va.,  May  23,  1863  for  ex- 
change. 

HALL,  JAMES  D.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  22,  September  22, 
1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  and  captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Sent 
to  General  Hospital  \\'est's  Building.  Baltimore.  Md.,  from  Gettysburg  and 
paroled  there  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va.,  September  27,  1863.  Present 
through  December  1864.  ! 

HANNAH,  RODY,  Private.  Born  in  Guilford  County,  occupation  fanner.  En- 
listed at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh,  at  age  26,  March  20,  1864  for  the  war.  Dis- 
charged January  26,  1865  at  Camp  Godwin,  Va.,  by  reason  of  disability. 

HANNER,  WILLIAM  D.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.   Killed  in   action   at  Battle  of  First   Manassas  July  21,   1861. 

HAWKINS,  H.  B.,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp 
Holmes,  Raleigh,  March  20,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  Va., 
March  25,  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  on  taking 
Oath   of  .Allegiance  Juire  27,   1865. 


Roster  297 

HEFFERMAN,  MICHAEL  E.,  Private.     Enlisted   at   Charlotte  at  age  25.   May  28. 

1861  for  the  war.   Deserted  near  Berlin.   Pa..  Jinie   27,    1863. 

HEMPHILL,  JOHN,  Private.     Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  20.  September  22, 

1862  for  the  war.   Killed   at   Chancellorsville.  \a..   May   4.    1863. 

HEREVG,  A.  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh.  March  20.  186-1 
for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Charlestown.  Va..  August  21.   1864. 

HINELE,  D.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Stokes  November  15.  1864  for  the  war. 
Deserted  at  Lacev  Spring,  \'a..  November  23,  1864. 

HITCHCOCK,  SOLOMON,  Private.  Enlisted  at  High  Point  February  24,  1863 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  he  joined  the  U.  S.  ser\ice  Januaiy  24, 
1864.  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance. 

HOEKINS,  H.  B.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh.  March  10,  1864 
lor  the  war.  C^arried  on  Company  Muster  Roll  for  November— December  1864 
as  absent  in  arrest.   Reason   not  given. 

HOLDER,  DAVID  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Asheboro,  February  28.  1862  for  the 
war.  Died  in  hospital  at  .\shland,  Va..  .-April  9.   1862.  cause  unkown. 

HOLLAND,  H.  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes.  Raleigh.  March  20,  1864 
for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  .Ap- 
pomattox Court  House,  Va..  .April  9.   1865. 

HOOD,  J.,  Private.     Died  at  Washington.  N.  C  of  disease  May   15,   1864. 

HOUKE,  LEANDER,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  23,  September  22, 
1862.  Captured  at  Cold  Harbor,  Va..  June  7,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va..  March  14,  1865. 

HOWD,  L.,  Private.  Captured  on  Chickahominy  River  near  Richinond,  \'a.,  June 
6,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  exchanged  March   11,  1865. 

IRVIN,  MILAS  H.,  Corporal.  Enlisted  at  Lexington,  February  28,  1862  for  the 
war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  February  1,  1863.  Paroled 
at  Farmville,   Va.,  .April    14,   1865. 

JEFFREY,  JACOB,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  29.  May  28.  1861  for  the 
war.  ^Vounded  at  Malvern  Hill.  \'a.,  July  1.  1862.  \Vounded  in  action  at  Somer- 
ville  Ford.  Va.,  September  16,  1863.  Carried  on  subsec[uent  Muster  Rolls  as 
absent,  retired.  Paroled  at  Burkexille.  \  a..  .April   14.   1865. 

JONES,  CHARLES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes.  Raleigh.  March  20.  1804 
for  the  war.  Deserted  .April   14.   1864  at  Goldsboro. 

JORDAN,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes.  Raleigh,  March  20, 
1864  tor  the  war.  Deserted  March  28.   1864  at  Kinston. 

KEEF,  JOHN  O.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  30.  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  AVounded  in  action  at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  June  1.  1862.  Detailed  for  duty 
in  the  C.  S.  Laboratory  Department  at  Richmond  December  13.  1862  because 
of  disability.  Remained  there  until  December  1863.  Present  with  company 
until  wounded  in  action  near  Richmond.  Va..  June  6,    1864. 

KEENAN,  THOMAS,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  22,  May  28,  1861  tor 
the  war.  Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill.  \'a..  June  27.  1862.  Mortallv  wounded  at 
Gettysburg,    Pa.,   July   2,    1863. 


298  The  Bloody  Sixth 

KEPLEY,  WILLIAM  HENRY,  Private.     Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at   age   19,   May  28, 

1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  August  20,  1861  by  reason  of  disability. 

KING,  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh,  July  1,  1864  for  the  war. 
Carried  as  present  through  December  1864. 

KIRKMAN,  ALLEN,  Private.     Enlisted  at  Company  Shops  at  age  25.  tor  the  war 

July  1.  1861.  Deserted  March  28.  1864  at  Kinston.  Paroled  at  Greensboro.  May 
9,   1865. 

LANGLEY,  JAMES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Hanover  Junction.  Va.,  May  1,  1864 
for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Cedar  Creek.  Va.,  October  19.  1864.  and  sent  to  hos- 
pital. Carried  on   Muster  Rolls  as  absent  in  hospital  tlirough   December   1864. 

LANGLEY,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh,  March  20.  1864 
for  the  war.  \Vounded  in  action  at  Winchester,  Va.,  September  19.  1864  and 
sent  to  hospital.  Carried  on  Muster  Rolls  as  absent  in  hospital  through 
December  1864. 

LATON,  J.  R.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh,  March  20,  1864  for 
the  war.  Carried  on  Muster  Rolls  through  December  1864  as  having  been  left 
sick  on   march   near  Liberty,  Va. 

LEAHY,  JEREMIAH,  Private.  Resided  at  Pleasant  Retreat.  McDowell  County, 
and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  40,  May  28,  1861  tor  the  war.  Wounded  at 
Seven  Pines.  Va..  May  1862.  .'\dmitted  to  hospital,  Richmond.  Va..  .April  2, 
1865  with  disease  and  captured  in  hospital  .April  3.  1865.  Took  Oath  of  .Alle- 
giance  and    released   .April    18,    1865. 

LEARY,  MICHAEL,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Cliarlotte  at  age  35,  May  28.  1861  for 
the  war.  Died  June  24,   1861   at  Company  Shops  of  disease. 

LENTZ,  GEORGE  E.,  Private.     Enlisted   at   Company   Shops   at   age    17,  June    14, 

1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  South  Mountain,  Md..  September  14.  1862. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout,  Md.  Released  on  January  24,  1864  after  taking  the  Oath  of  .Alle- 
giance and  joining  the  U.  S.  service. 

LEONARD,  WILLIAM  ANDERSON,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  21, 
May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a..  No\ember  7, 

1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.  Released  January  23,  1864  on  taking 
Oath  of  Allegiance  and  joining  the  U.  S.  senice.  Recruited  for  1st  Regiment 
U.  S.  Voliuiteers.  but  never  sened  with  regiment. 

MABE,  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh.  March  20.  1864  for  the 
war.  Admitted  to  Jackson  Hospital,  Richmond,  Va.,  January  12.  1865  with 
disease  and  furloughed  for  thirty  days  March  20,   1865. 

MALPASS,  L.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh,  March  20,  1864  for 
the   war.   Present   or  accounted   for  through   December   1864. 

MANNING,  THOMAS,  Private.  Born  in  Ireland.  Enlisted  at  Company  Shops 
at  age  40,  July  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  FebruaiT  27,  1862  at  Camp  Fisher,  Va., 
of  disease. 

MARIS,  JAMES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh,  October  20,  1864 
for   the   war.    Present    through  December   1864. 

MATHIS,  LEVI,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  15.  1862  for  the 
war.  Deserted  near  Roberson  River,  \"a..  July  29,  1863  and  returned.  Wounded 
at  Mt.  Jackson,  Va.,  September  23,  1864.  Transferred  to  Company  I,  45th 
Regiment   N.  C.  Troops  November   1864.   Paroled   at  Salisbury   May  25,   1865. 


Roster  299 

McAfee,  JOHN,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  48,  May  28,  18(31  for 
the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Sergeant  September  13.  18G1. 
Detached  as  Ordnance  Sergeant  from  June  23.  1862  through  May  11.  1863.  Sick 
in  hospital  from   May  24,   1863   until  he  deserted  from   hospital  July  2,   1863. 

McCUA,  JOHN,  Private.  Took  Oath  of  Allegiance  and  paroled  at  Greensboro 
May    12,   1865. 

McKINEY,  G.  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Stokes  November  15,  1864  for  the 
war.   Deserted   near   Mt.   Crawford,   Va.,    December   6,    1864. 

McMURRAY,  C,  Private.     Enlisted  November   1864  in  Wake  County. 

McMURRAY,  J.  M.,  Private.  Resided  in  Jefferson.  Tenn.  Enlisted  at  Cam> 
Stokes,  Charlotte,  November  15,  1864  tor  the  war.  Deserted  at  Petersburg,  Va. 
and  took  Oath  of  .\llegiance  at   City  Point,   Va.,   December  13,   1864. 

MILICHAN,  C.,  Private.  Resided  in  Randolph  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp 
Stokes,  Charlotte,  November  15,  1864  for  the  war.  Deserted  at  Petersburg,  Va., 
December  11,  1864  and  took  Oath  of  .'\mnesty  at  City  Point,  Va„  December 
13.   1864. 

MOON,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  17.  May  28,  1861  foi 
the  war.  Died  Februarv  18,   1862  at  Camp  Fisher,  Va.,  from  disease. 

MOR.AN.  JOHN  F.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  36,  June  7,  1861  for 
the  war.  Wounded  at  Mahern  Hill,  Va.,  July  1,  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahan- 
nock Station,  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  luitil 
paroled   at   Savannah   River,  Ga.,   November    15,    1864, 

MORGAN,  HUGH  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Salisbury  March  15,  1862  for  the 
war.  Deserted  near  Charles  City,  Va.,  July  6,  1862. 

MORGAN,  ROMULUS,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Chariotte  at  age  21,  May  28.  1861 
for  the  war.  Deserted  at   Manassas.  \'a.,  .\ugust  28.   1862. 

MORRISON,  JOHN  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  22,  1862 
for   the  war.  Killed  at   Gettvsburg,   Pa..  Julv    1.   1863. 

MORRISON,  LEANDER,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at 
Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh,  .March  10.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Farmville. 
Va.,  .-\pril  6,  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va.  Released  after  taking 
Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  26,  1865. 

MORRISON,  RICHARD,  Private.  Born  in  Ireland,  occupation  laborer.  En- 
listed at  Company  Shops  at  age  43,  July  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Dischargeti 
February  25,    1862   at   Camp   Fisher,   Va.,   by   reason   of   disability. 

MORRISON,  THOMAS  L.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  22, 
1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  No\  ember  7,  186.5 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes 
Landing,  James  River,  Va.,  February  15,  1865.  Sent  to  Camp  Lee,  near 
Richmond,  \  a.,   after  exchanged. 

MURPHY,  J,  C,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes. 
Raleigh,  October  20.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  \'a.,  March 
25,  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath 
of  .\llegiance  June  29,  1865. 

MURRAY',  PATRICK,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  33,  May  28.  1861  for 
the  war.  Died   at   Petersburg,  Va.,  .-\ugust  27,    1862  of   knife   woinids. 


300  The  Bloody  Sixth 

NEAL,  ALEXANDER,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes.  Raleigh.  March  20, 
1864  for  the  war.  Carried  on  Company  Muster  Roll  for  December  1864  as 
having  been  left  sick  on  march   near  Natural   Bridge,  Va. 

NEELAND,  JAMES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  25,  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  Deserted  at  Richmond.   Va..  June   10,   1862. 

NOONAN,  DANIEL,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  42,  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  Discharged  October  28.   1862   by  reason  of  physical  disability. 

NOTT,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Yadkin  County  at  age  18,  September  15,  1862 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Land- 
ing, Va..   March   3,   1865.  Sent   to   hospital   in   Richmond.   Va..   after  exchanged. 

O'DANIEL,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Lexington  March  6.  1862  for  the 
war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined 
at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Landing,  James 
Ri\er,  \a.,  February   15,   1865. 

PAEMER,  C,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Stokes  November  15.  1864  for  the  war. 
Deserted  at  Mt.  Crawford,  Va.,  December  6,   1864. 

PARSONS,  JAMES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Ap- 
pointed Sergeant  June  1,  1861.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21, 
1861.  Discharged  September  9,  1861  and  reduced  to  ranks  due  to  the  uncertainty 
of  his  return. 

PITMAN,  THOMAS,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes  March  20,  1864  for  the 
war.  Deserted,  date  unknown,  and  returned  to  company  October  16,  1864. 
Carried  on  December   1864   Muster  Roll   as   absent  in  arrest. 

POINTENDEXTER,  M.,  Private.  Resided  in  Surry  County,  occupation  collier. 
Enlisted  at  Camp  \'ance  October  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Strasburg, 
Va.,  October  19.  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.  Released  after  tak- 
ing Oath   of  Allegiance   May   14,    1865. 

POPE,  ISAAC,  Private.  Born  in  Davidson  County,  occupation  driver.  Enlisted 
at  High  Point  at  age  22.  February  24,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  hospital,  Ash- 
land, Va..  April   13,   1863,  cause   unknown. 

POPE,  AVILLIAM,  Private.  Born  in  Davidson  County,  occupation  driver.  Enlisted 
at  High  Point  at  age  19.  February  24,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  .\shland,  Va., 
."Vpril  9,   1862,   cause   unknown. 

PRESNELL,  CALVIN  J.  C,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  15, 
1862  for  the  war.  Served  as  ambulance  driver  from  June  27,  1863  through 
September  19,  1864  when  he  was  wounded  and  captured  at  ^Vinchester,  Va., 
and  sent  to  U.  S.  Aniiv  Depot  Field  Hospital,  Winchester.  Died  September  28, 
1864. 

RAGS,  WILLIAM,   Private.     Enlisted   September    15,    1862. 

RAINN,  JOHN  T.,  Private.  Paroled  as  Prisoner  of  'War  at  the  office  of  the 
Provost   Marshal   General,   .^miy   of   the   Potomac,  September   30.    1862. 

REAGAN,  ANDY,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  26,  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  .A.ppointed  Corporal  June  1,  1861.  Reduced  to  ranks  for  being  absent  with- 


Roster  301 

out   leave   from   Jiilv   19.    1862   through    February    1863.    Present   with    company 
from   March   1.   1863  until   he  deserted   near  ^V'aynesboro.   Pa.,  July  6.    1863. 

RECTOR,  JOHN  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  15,  1862  for 
the  war.  ^Vounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  1,  1863  and  absent  wounded 
through  February  1864  when  he  was  detailed  at  Tarboro.  Retired  to  the  Invalid 
Corps  January  3,   1865. 

REDMAN,  F.  S.,  Private.     Died  June  28.   1864  of  disease  at   Liberty.  \a. 

RENDLEMAN,  GEORGE  W.,  Private.  Resided  as  a  farmer  in  Yadkin  County 
where  he  enlisted  September  15.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  ^Vinchester.  Va., 
Jidv  20.  1864  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase.  Ohio.  Released  after  taking  Oath 
of  .-\llegiance  June   10,   1863  at  age  34  at  Camp  Chase. 

RICH,  JOHN  L.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  22.  1862  for  the 
war.  \Vounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  July  1.  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station.  Va..  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until 
released  January  23.  1864  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  and  joining  the  V.  S. 
service. 

ROBERTS,  WILLIAM,  Piivate.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes.  Raleigh.  March  20. 
1864  for  the  war.  Sent  to  hospital  sick   May  20.   1864. 

ROLLENS,  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Stokes,  Charlotte,  November  15.  1864 
for  the  war.  Deserted  at  Mt.  Crawford.  Va..  December  6.   1864. 

ROPER,  B.ARNEY,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  22.  1862  for 
the  war.  Died  January  31,   1863   at   Lynchburg,  \'a.,  of  measles. 

ROSS,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  15,  1862  for  the 
war.  \\'ounded  in  action  at  Winchester,  Va.,  September  19,  1864.  Captured  in 
hospital   at    Richmond,   Va.,   .\pril   3,    1865   and   escaped   May   4,   1865. 

Rl'ST,  WILLIAM  B.,  Private.  Took  Oath  of  .Allegiance  at  Morganton  June  13, 
1865. 

SEALS,  THOM.AS  A.,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  where  he  enlisted 
September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  ^Vounded  and  captured  at  ^Vinchester,  Va., 
September  19.  1864.  Transferred  from  U.  S.  .Amiv  General  Hospital.  West's 
Buildings.  Baltimore,  .Md..  to  U.  S.  Aimy  General  Hospital.  Point  Lookout,  Md., 
January  31,  1865.  Released  fi'om  hospital  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June 
26,  1865. 

SETTLEMIRE,  CYRUS,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp 
Stokes,  Charlotte,  October  28,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Farmville,  Va., 
April  6,  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  \'a.  Transferred  to  U.  S.  AiTiiy 
General  Hospital.  Fort  Monroe,  Va..  June  16.  1865  and  discharged  from  h.'>s- 
pital   on   taking   Oath   of  .Allegiance  June   18,    1865,  at   age  45. 

SHERRILL,  MILAS,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  22,  1862  for 
the  ^var.  Present  or  accoimted  for  on  Company  Muster  Rolls  lurtil  December 
1864  when  he  is  carried  as  absent  in   arrest. 

SHOEM.AKER,  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  \'auce  October  1,  1864  for  the 
war.  Captured  at  Strasburg.  \a..  October  19,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md..  where  he  died  May  26.  1865  of  disease. 

SIDNEY,  PATRICK,  Private.  Enlisted  May  28,  1861.  \\'ounded  at  Battle  of  Sec- 
ond Manassas  .August   1862. 


302  The  Bloody  Sixth 

SMITH,  EDWARD,  Coqjoral.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  28,  June  7,  1861  for 
the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va..  July  1,  1862. 
Promoted  to  Corporal  about  March  30,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  Va„  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point,  Savannah  River,  Ga.,  November  15,  1864. 

SMITH,  JACKSON,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  22,  1862  for 
the  war.  Died   at  Riclimond,  Va.,  December  3.   1862  ot  measles. 

SMITH,  MARTIN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  22,  1862  for 
the  war.  Killed  at  Chancellorsville,  \'a..  May  4,   1863. 

SMITH,  SAMUEL  H.,  Private.  Born  in  .^nson  County,  occupation  farmer.  En- 
listed at  High  Point  March  5,  1862  for  the  war.  Discharged  February  5,  1863 
at  age  62,   by  reason  of  disability. 

SMITH,  WILLIAM  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Quartermaster  Sergeant 
January   5,   1862  and   transferred   to   the   Field   and   Staff. 

SOUTHERN,  J.  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh,  March  20,  1864 
for  the  war.  Paroled  at  Burkeville,  Va.,  .April  17,  1865, 

STOUT,  JOHN  P.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Lexington  March  6,  1862  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout,  Md.  Paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  March 
3,   1865,   Sent    to  hospital   at   Richmond,   Va.,   after  exchanged. 

STRADER,  JAMES,  Private.  Born  in  Guilford  County.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte 
at  age  18,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  Deceinber  31.  1861  at  Petersburg,  Va„ 
of  disease. 

STRADER,  SIDNEY  L.,  Sergeant.  Born  in  Guilford  County  and  resided  in 
Alamance  County  as  a  fanner  prior  to  his  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  21, 
May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private.  Wounded  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863.  Promoted  to  Corporal  March— .August  1864. 
Admitted  to  Jackson  Hospital,  Richmond,  Va.,  March  30,  1865  with  gunshot 
wounds.  Rank  given  as  Sergeant.  Captured  in  hospital  at  Richmond  April 
3,  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.  Released  after  taking  Oath  of 
.Allegiance   June   26,    1865. 

STUART,  H.,  Private.  Resided  in  Randolph  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp  Stokes 
Xoxember  15,  1864  for  the  war.  Deserted  at  Petersburg,  \'a.,  December  11,  1864 
and   took   Oath   of  Allegiance   at   ^Vashington.    D.   C.   December    15,    1864. 

SULLIVAN,  PATRICK,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  25,  May  28.  1861 
for  the  war.  .Appointed  Corporal  June  1,  1861  and  promoted  to  Sergeant  April 
1,  1862.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill.  Va.,  July  1,  1862.  Missing  in  action  at 
South  Mountain,  Md.,  September  14,  1862,  Reduced  to  ranks  September  30,  1862. 

SWAFFORD,  JOHN  R.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  28,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  .Appointed  Corporal  June  1,  1861  and  promoted  to  Sergeant 
December  1,  1861.  Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill,  Va..  Jtnie  27,  1862.  Captured  at 
Frederick,  Md.,  October  7,  1862  and  confined  at  Fort  McHenry,  Baltimore,  Md., 
where  he  was  paroled  November  12,  1862.  Exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va.,  No- 
vember 21,  1862.  Sent  to  General  Hospital,  Petersburg.  Va.,  with  gunshot 
wounds  until  furloughed  November  29,  1862  for  sixty  days.  Detailed  for  duty 
as  tax  collector,  Franklinville,  Randolph  County.  December   1,  1863. 


Roster  303 

TARPLEY,    WILLIAM    W.,    Private.     Enlisted  at    Charlotte    at    age   23,    May   28, 

1861   for  the  war.  Appointed   Sergeant  June  1.    1861.   Promoted   to   1st  Sergeant 

December    1,    1861.    Reduced    to    ranks    and  detailed    as    mechanic   on    railroad 
at  Company  Shops. 

THOMAS,  HENRY  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  High  Point  February  24,  1862  for 
the  war.   Deserted   near  Charles   City,  Va.,  July   6,    1862. 

TINNERLY,  PATRICK,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  42.  May  28.  1861 
for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  August  29.  1862.  Disabled 
from  wounds  and  detailed  as  hospital  attendant,  Hoke's  Division.  Paroled  at 
High  Point,  May  2,  1865. 

TURNER.  WESLEY  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Greensboro  February  22.  1862  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  V'a..  November  7.  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled.  Died  October  15.  1864  on  flag  of 
truce  boat  while  being  transferred  to  Coxes  Wharf,  James  River,  Va.,  for  ex- 
change. 

VARNER,  ANDREW,  Private.  Born  in  Davidson  Coimty,  occupation  farmer. 
Enlisted  at  Lexington  at  age  19,  March  6,  1862  for  the  war.  Discharged  July 
20,  1862  near  Richmond,  Va.,  by  reason  of  disease. 

WALLIS,  SAMUEL,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Vance  October  1.  1864  for  the 
war.  Deserted  at  New  Market,  Va.,  November  6,  1864. 

WARD,  THOMAS,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  30,  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  Monocacy.  Md..  July  10,  1864  and  admitted  to  U.  S.  .'\rmy 
General  Hospital,  Frederick.  Md.  Transferred  to  U.  S.  Army  General  Hos- 
pital. ^Vest's  Building,  Baltimore,  Md..  until  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md. 
Paroled  and  exchanged  at  \enus  Point.  Savannah  River,  Ga.,  November  15, 
1864. 

WAY,  SULLIVAN,  Private.  Resided  in  .-Mamance  Countv.  Captured  at  Winchester, 
Va.,  July  20,  1864  and  confined  at  Camp  Cliase,  Ohio,  until  released  on  taking 
Oath  of  Allegiance  May    15,   1865. 

WELLS,  W.  R.,   Private.     Enlisted   November   15.   1864   in   Wake   County. 

WHITEHURST,  A.  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh.  March  20. 
1864  for  the  war.  Absent  sick  in  hospital  from  April    10,   1864. 

WILEY,  JAMES  CARTER,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  23.  May  28, 
1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  October  I, 
1862.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va..  July  1,  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  Va..  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.  Paroled 
and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point,  Savannah  River.  Ga.,  November  15,  1864.  .\ppears 
as  Sergeant  on  hospital  register,  Farmville.  Va.,  being  admitted  with  gunshot 
wound.   Paroled   at   Farmville.   Va..  April   21,   1865. 

WILLIAMS,    A.,    Private.     Enlisted    November    15,    1864    in    Mecklenbing    County. 

WILLIAMS,  JOHN  W.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  33,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  but  appeai-s  as  Corporal  after  May  1862. 
Appointed  Sergeant  October  1,  1862.  Killed  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va., 
November  7.  1863. 

WILLIAMS,  MARTIN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes.  Raleigh.  March  20, 
1864  for  the  war.  Deserted   March   28,   1864  at   Kinston. 


304  The  Bloody  Sixth 

AVILLIAMS,  NOAH,  Private.  Resided  in  Jefferson,  Tenn..  and  enlisted  at  Camp 
Stokes,  Cliarlotte.  Noxember  15,  1864  for  the  war.  Deserted  at  Petersburg,  Va., 
December  11,  1864  and  took  Oath  of  .-Amnesty  at  City  Point.  \a..  December 
13,  1864. 

WINFIELD,  N.  M.,  Private.     Paroled   at  Greensboro,    1865. 

WINKLE,  D.,  Private.     Enlisted  November   15.   1864  in  Wake  Coimty. 

COMPANY  B 

OFFICERS 
CAPTAINS 

WEBB,  ROBERT  F.  Resided  as  a  farmer  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted  there 
at  age  38.  May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  .Appointed  Captain  by  Governor  Ellis  May 
20.   1861.   Promoted  to   Major  July   11.   1861   and   transfeiTed   to   Field   &  Staff. 

PARRISH,  WILLIAM  K.     Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  30.  May 

16.   1861   for  the  war  and  commissioned    1st  Lieutenant  by   Governor   Ellis   May 

20,  1861.  Promoted  to  Captain  July  11.  1861.  Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill.  Va..  June 
27.  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va..  November  7,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Johnson's  Island,  Ohio,  until  transferred  to  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  March 

21,  1865.  Transferred  to  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  .-\pril  28,  1865  and  released  after 
taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  12,  1865. 

LIEUTENANTS 

COOLEY,  THOMAS  L.,  1st  Lieutenant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  32,  June  24,  1861  for  the  war.  .Appointed  Sergeant  July  1.  1861  and 
promoted  to  2nd  Lieutenant  September  17,  1861.  \\'ounded  at  Battle  of  Second 
Manassas  -August  30.  1862  and  promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  October  29,  1862. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Johnson's  Island.  Ohio.  Released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  12.  1865. 

LOCKH.ART,  JOHN  S.,  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  19,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Corporal  and  promoted  to 
Sergeant  September  28,  1861.  Promoted  to  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant  January  28.  1862 
and  to  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant  October  29,  1862.  Wounded  May  6,  1863.  Detailed 
as  Enrolling  Officer  in  Orange  County  from  September  14.  1863  through 
February  1864.  Captured  at  Sayler's  Creek,  Va.,  April  6,  1865  and  confined  at 
Johnson's  Island,  Ohio.  Released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  18.  1865. 

McMANNING,  WILLIAM  E.,  1st  Lieutenant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange 
County  at  age  19,  May  16,  1861  for  the  war.  Appointed  2nd  Lieutenant  by 
Governor  Ellis  May  20,  1861.  Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  July  11,  1861.  Resigned 
October  30,  1861. 

MANGUM,  WILLIAM  PRESTON,  JR.,  2iul  Lieutenant.  Resigned  and  enlisted 
in  Orange  County  at  age  23,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private 
and  promoted  to  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant  July  11,  1861  to  rank  from  May  20,  1861. 
Wounded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21.  1861  and  died  of  wounds  July 
29.  1861. 

SPEED,  EDWARD  A.,  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  19,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  promoted  to 
Corporal   September  28,   1861.   Promoted   to   Sergeant   October   1,   1862   and    to 


V 


Roster  305 

2nd  Lieutenant  February  4.  1863.  Captured  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  2-3,  1863  and 
confined  at  Jolmson's  Island,  Ohio.  Paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Wharf, 
James  River,  Va.,  March  22,   1865   . 

UMSTEAD,  ALVIS  K.,  1st  Lieutenant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  Comity  at 
age  21,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Sergeant  and  promoted  to 
1st    Sergeant    September    2,    1861.    .'Appointed    2ud    Lieiuenant    September    17, 

1861  and  promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  January  28,  1862.  Resigned  October  29, 
1862.  Re-enlisted  as  Private  in  Company  K,  19th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops 
(2nd  Regiment  N.  C.  Cavalry)  February  14,  1863.  Promoted  to  Sergeant-Major 
July   17,   1863.   Present  or  accounted   for   through   September   1864. 

.WALTON,  JOHN  M.,  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  attended 
Hillsboro  Military  Academy  prior  to  his  enlistment  at  age  16.  at  Yorktovvn,  Va., 
in  Company  G,  1st  Regiment  N.  C.  Infantry  (6  mos. — 1861).  Mustered  out 
at  Richmond.  Va.,  November  12,  1861.  Served  in  Company  F,  41st  Regiment 
N.  C.  Troops  (3rd  Regiment  N.  C.  Cavalry)  prior  to  his  appointment  as  a 
Cadet  on  October  20,  1863.  .Assigned  as  2nd  Lieutenant  to  Company  B.  6th 
Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops,  March  22,  1864.  Present  or  accounted  for  through 
February   1865. 

NON-COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS  AND  PRIVATES 

ADCOCK,  ROBERT  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  19,  March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  near 
Fredericksburg,  Va.,  May  3.  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va..  Mav  23,  1863.  Captured  near  Green- 
castle.  Pa.,  July  3-5,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.  Released  after 
joining  the  U.  S.  Anny  on  June  15,  1864.  Mustered  into  Company  K,  Isl 
Regiment  U.  S.  Volunteers  at  Norfolk,  Va„  June  28,  1864  for  three  years. 
Mustered    out   at    Fort   Leavenworth,    Kansas,   November   27,    1865. 

ALLEN,  WILLIAM  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  April  1,  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April  9,   1865. 

ALLISON,  JOSEPH  C,  Corporal.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  May  25.  1861  for 
the  war.  Promoted  to  Corporal  January  1,  1863.  \\'ounded  near  Fredericks- 
burg. Va.,  May  4,  1863.  Captured  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  2,  1863  and  confined 
at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Landing,  James 
River,  Va.,  February  14-15,  1865.  Detailed  at  Camp  Lee,  near  Riclunond,  Va., 
after  exchanged. 

ANDERSON,  JOHN,  Private.  Union  Prisoner  of  \\'ar  records  state  that  he  was 
captured  in  Irvine  Countv.  Kv..  Julv  31,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del., 
March   8.   1864. 

ASHLEY,  ROBERT,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  21,  May  1,  1861 
for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17,  1862.  Killed  at 
Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863. 

BAILEY,  SIDNEY  J.,  Private.     Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  25,  September  22, 

1862  for  the  war.  \Vounded  and  captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863. 
Paroled  at  DeCamp  General  Hospital,  N.  Y.,  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va., 
October  28,  1863.  Retired  February  3,  1865  by  reason  of  "pennanent  disability." 

BATCHELOR,  HENRY  C,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County  where  he  en- 
listed at  age  18,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station, 
Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  released  after 
taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June  23,  1865. 


306  The  Bloody  Sixth 

BENNETT,  D.  S.,  Private.  Resided  in  Anson  County  and  enlisted  at  Kinston 
April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Farmville.  Va..  .April  6,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Newport  New.s.  Va..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance 
June  25.   1865. 

BERRY,  ROBERT,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  17, 
May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Died  of  disease  at  Camp  Jones.  Va.,  September  22,  1861.         ( 

BOBBITT,  GREEN,   Private.     Enlisted   at   Raleigh   October   18.    1864  for  the  war. 

Paroled  at  Burkeville,  \a..  .April  14-17.  1865. 

( 
CAIN,   DAVID,   Private.     Born   in    Orange  County   where  he  resided   and   enlisted 

at   age   21.   June  24.    1861    for   the   war.   Died   of   disease    at   Camp   Fisher,   Va., 

December  26,  1861. 

CARRINGTON,  ARTHUR  S.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  26,  May  1.  1861  for  the  war,  and  mustered  in  as  Corporal.  Wounded 
at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21,  1861.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  September  0 
28,  1861.  Reduced  to  ranks  September  30,  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until 
paroled  and  e.vchanged  at  Coxes  Landing,  James  River.  Va.,  Februarv  14-15, 
1865. 


CARRINGTON,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  36.  February  10,  1863  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va., 
November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md. 

CARRINGTON,  JOHN  D.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  20,  May  25,  1861  for  the  war.  Wotuided  at  Fredericksburg,  Va..  December 
13.  1862.  Transferred  to  Company  A,  66th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  on  return 
from  hospital  in  February  1863.  .Attached  to  Regimental  Band.  66th  Regiment 
N.  C.  Troops  ,\pi-il— .-August   1864. 

CASH,  AVILLIAM,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  ^vhere  he  resided  and  en- 
listed at  age  22.  March  1.  1862  f(n'  the  war.  Died  of  pneumonia  at  Williamsburg, 
Va.,   May   1,   1862. 

CATES,  ABNER,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  and  enlisted 
at  age  33,  May  25,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  of  disease  at  Petersburg,  Va.,  December 
22,  1861. 

CATES,  JOHN  I.,  Private.     Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  34,  May 

25,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7, 
1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  February  24,  1865,  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  17,  1865. 

CATES,  STANFORD,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
20,  May  25,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  of  disease  June  5,  1862. 

C.4TES,  THOMAS  M.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
31,  May  25,  1861  for  tlie  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  October  1863, 
when  he  appears  on  Company  Muster  Roll  with  the  remark:  ".Absent  without 
leave  since  June  14,  1863.   Straggled  near  Newtown.  \'a." 

CATES,  WILEY  A.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  27, 
May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  "Missing  in 
action"   at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,   November   7,    1863. 

CATES,  WILLIAM  F.,  Private.  Resided  as  a  farmer  in  Orange  County  where  he 
enlisted  at  age  24,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  on  Muster 


Roster  307 

Rolls  through  August  1863  when  he  appears  with  the  remark:  "Deserted  June 
20,  1863."  Union  Prisoner  of  Wzr  records  indicate  he  was  captured  at  Carlisle, 
Pa.,  July  8,  1863  and  joined  the  3rd  Regiment  Maryland  Cavalry,  U.  S.  A., 
September  18,  1863.  Mustered  in  at  Baltimore.  Md..  September  23,  1863  and 
deserted  at  Baltimore  January  30,  1864. 

CHILDERS,  JAMES,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  resided  and  en- 
listed at  age  25,  September  22,  1868  for  the  war.  Died  of  disease  at  Charlottes- 
ville, \'a.,  Xo\ember  10,  1862, 

CLARK,  ADAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Farmville,  \'a.,  .April  6,  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va.,  until 
paroled  after  taking  Oath  of  .-Mlegiance  June  26,  1865, 

CLAYTON,  H.  F.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  .April  1,  1864  tor  the  war.  Present 
or   accounted    for   through    December    1864. 

COTTINGHAM,  DINWIDDIE,  Private.  Resided  in  .Anson  County  and  enlisted 
at  Kinston  .April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg.  \'a..  February 
6,  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath 
of  .Allegiance  June   24.    1865, 

COUCH,  CHESLEY  P.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
23,  June  24,  1861  for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Gaines'  Mill,  \a.,  June  27,  1862, 
^Vounded  and  captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Confined  at  DeCamp 
General  Hospital,  David's  Island,  N.  Y.  Harbor,  until  paroled  and  exchanged 
at  City  Point,  Va„  September  16,  1863.  Returned  to  company  and  captured  near 
Petersburg,  \'a.,  March  25,  1865,  Confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released 
after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  26,   1865. 

COUCH,  'WILLIAM,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  21, 
June  24,  1861  for  the  war.  Muster  Roll  for  June  20-August  31,  1861,  states  that 
he  "deserted  Julv   10,  1861   whilst  on  N.  C.  Railroad." 

CRABTREE,  ARTHUR  S.,  Corporal.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  18,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  \Vounded  and  captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa,, 
July  1.  1863.  Confined  at  DeCamp  General  Hospital,  David's  Island,  N.  V.  Har- 
bor, until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  \'a.,  September  8,  1863.  Promot- 
ed to  Corporal  November— December  1864.  Captured  at  Farmville,  Va.,  .April 
6,  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va..  until  released  after  taking  Oath 
of  Allegiance  June  26.   1865. 

CR.\BTREE,  CLEMENT  W.,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted 
in  Prince  \Villiam  County.  Va..  at  age  28,  Februai-y  3,  1862  for  the  war  as  a  sub- 
stitute for  James  A,  Henderson.  ^Vounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17, 
1862,  Wounded  near  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  May  4,  1863.  Absent  accounted  for 
through  December   1864. 

CROMER,  J.AMES  E.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  .April  1,  1864  for  the  war. 
Died  of  disease  at  Richmond,  ^'a.,  December  22,  1864, 

CROUCH,  JACOB,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  September 
22,  1862  for  the  war.  Present  or  accotnited  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled 
at   Morganton    May    16,    1865. 

DAVIS,  ALBERT,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  .April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Present 
or  accounted  for  through   December   1864. 

DAVIS,  DeWITT,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  17. 
March   1,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November 


308  The  Bloody  Sixth 

7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  for  exchange 
September  30,  1864.  Captured  near  Petersbtng,  Va..  March  25.  1865  and  confined 
at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  26, 
1865. 

DAVIS,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  46.  March 
1,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's 
Wharf,  James  River,  \'a..  January  21.  1865.  Paroled  at  Goldsboro  May  18.  1865. 

DAVIS,  ^VILLIAM  T.,  Private.  Resided  in  Anson  County  and  enlisted  at  Kinston 
.'\pril  1.  1864  for  the  v\ar.  Died  of  pneumonia  at  home  November  4,  1864. 

DICKEY,  EGBERT  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  42,  March  1, 
1862  for  the  war.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Charlottesville.  Va.,  wounded.  July 
30.  1864.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April  9,  1865. 

DOLLAR,  WILLIAM  D.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  and 
enlisted  at  age  22.  May  25,  1S61  for  the  war.  Discharged  May  26,  1862  at  Camp 
near  Richmond,  Va.,  by  reason  of  "hypertrophy  and  valvular  disease  of  the 
heart." 

DUKE,  BUSHROD,  Private.     Resided   and   enlisted   in   Orange   County   at   age   18, 

May  25,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November 
7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Coxes  Landing,  James  River,  Va.,  February  14-15,  1865.  Detailed  at  Camp  Lee, 
near  Richmond,  Va..  after  exchanged, 

DUKE,  NASH,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  47,  March 
1,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station.  \'a..  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md..  where  he  died  June  24.  1864. 

EDWARDS,  WALTER  E.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  merchant  and  enlisted  at  age  25.  May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  by 
reason  of  disability  September  6.   1863. 

ETCHISON,  DANIEL,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Vance  and  joined  company  in 
Shenandoah  Valley,  Va..  October  16.  1864.  Captured  at  Strasburg,  Va.,  October 
19,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Coxes  Landing,  James  River,  Va.,  February  14-15,   1865. 

FISHEL,  L.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Died  of  typhoid 
pneumonia  at  Lynchburg,  \'a.,  January  3,  1865. 

FRANKLIN,  J.  E.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  25, 
September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Deserted  near  Fredericksburg,  Va..  November 
29,  1862. 

FRANKLIN,  JOHN  V.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age 
27,  September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Deserted  near  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  Noveinber 
29,  1862  and  dropped  from  Roll.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  Va.,  March  25, 
1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  o£ 
Allegiance  June  27,  1865. 

FRANKLIN,  LEWIS,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  33, 
September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  No- 
vember 7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged 
at  Venus  Point,  Savannah  River,  Ga.,  November  15,  1864. 


Roster  309 

FRANKLIN,  SAMUEL,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age 
30.  September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Deserted  near  Fredericksburg.  \'a..  No- 
vember 29.  1862. 

GATES,  GEORGE  T.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
20,  May  25.  1861  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 
Captured  in  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  April  3,  1865  and  paroled  April  28, 
1865. 

GLAZENER,  A.  T.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County.  Va.,  December  20,  1863 
for  the  war.  Deserted  February  7,  1864. 

GLENN,  GEORGE  W.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
25,  March  1.  1862.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Sensed 
as  a  teamster  in  Brigade  Quartermaster  Department  from  April  27,  1863  through 
December  1864. 

GLENN,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
mechanic  and  enlisted  at  age  29,  March  1.  1862  for  the  war.  Killed  at  Seven 
Pines,  Va..   May   31.   1862. 

GOOCH,  McKINSEY,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  April  1.  1864  for  the  war. 
'Wounded  and  captured  at  \Vinchester.  Va.,  September  19,  1864.  Confined  at 
Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point,  Savannah 
River.  Ga..  November   15,   1864. 

GOOCH,  W.  T.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Strasburg,  Va..  October  19,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Landing,  James  River,  Va.,  February  14-15. 
1865.  Detailed  at  Camp  Lee  near  Richmond,  Va.,  after  exchanged. 

GORDON,  S.,  Private.  Resided  in  Guilford  Countv.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May 
1,   1865. 

HAMPTON,  JAMES  €.,  Private.  Resided  in  Gran\ille  County  and  enlisted  in 
Orange  County  at  age  18,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  of  typhoid  fever  at 
Camp  Jones,  Va.,  September  14,  1861. 

HARRIS,  DURRELL  L.,  Private.  Resided  in  Granville  County  and  enlisted  in 
Orange  County  at  age  20.  March  1.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  of  fever  at  Ashland, 
Va.,  May  6,  1862. 

HARKIS,  HENRY  S.,  Private.  Resided  in  Granville  County  and  enlisted  in 
Orange  County  at  age  22.  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Killed  at  Seven  Pines.  Va., 
May  31,  1862.' 

HARRIS,  SANDY  G.,  Private.  Resided  in  Granville  County  and  enlisted  in 
Orange  County  at  age  22,  March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  of  fever  at  .-\shlana, 
Va.,  May  1.  1862. 

HENDERSON,  H.  S.  Confined  at  Military  Prison,  Camp  Hamilton.  \a..  May  6, 
1864,  and  released   May  7,   1864.  Carried   as   "rebel   deserter." 

HENDERSON,  JAMES  A.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
20,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  February  3.  1862  after  providing 
Clement  W.  Crabtree  as  his  substitute. 

HENRY,  THOMAS  B.,  Private.  Resided  in  Henderson  County  and  enlisted  at 
Kinston  April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  FarmviUe.  \'a..  .\pril  6.  1865 
and  confined  at  Newport  News,  \'a..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .-Vlle- 
giance  June  26.  1865. 


310  The  Bloody  Sixth 

HENSHAW,  MABIN,  Private.  Resided  in  Randolph  County.  Captured  near 
Petersburg.  Va.,  March  25,  1865  and  confnied  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until 
released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June  27,   1865. 

HILDRETH,  MARSHALL,  Pi-ivate.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  April  1.  1864  for  the 
war.  Killed  at  Mt.  Jackson,  Va.,  September  23,  1864. 

HOLEMAN,  HENRY  T.,  Private.  Resided  in  Granville  County  and  enlisted  at 
at  Kinston  April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Fannville,  Va.,  April  6, 
1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of 
Allegiance  June  26,  1865. 

HOPKLNS,  JAMES  P.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
25,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  South  Mountain,  Md.,  September  14, 
1862  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  November  10,  1862.  Deserted  and  gave  himself  up  at 
South  Mountain,  Md.,  June  26,  1863,  and  was  confined  at  Fort  Mifflin,  Pa. 
Escaped  from  Fort  Mifflin  November  9,  1863.  Appears  on  September  15— October 
31,  1864  Muster  Roll  with  the  remark:  "Deserted  September  28,  1864,  near 
Waynesboro,  Va." 

HORN,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Fannville,  Va.,  April  6,  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News.  Va.,  until  re- 
leased after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June  26,   1865. 

JACKSON,  FREDERICK  J.,  Private.  Resided  as  a  student  in  Orange  County 
where  he  enlisted  at  age  18,  May  25,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Williamsport, 
Md.,  July  21.  1863  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase.  Ohio.  Transferred  to  Fort 
Delaware,  Del.,  February  29,  1864  and  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance 
May  20,  1865. 

JACKSON,  HENDERSON  S.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  19,  May  25,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Statioir,  Va., 
November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  ex- 
changed at  Coxes  Landing,  James  River,  Va.,  February  14-15,  1865.  Detailed  at 
Cami^  Lee,  near  Richmond,  \'a.,  after  exchanged. 

JAMES,  JEFFERSON,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  and 
enlisted  at  age  21,  May  25,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  of  pneumonia  at  Camp 
Fisher,  Va.,  Februai7  24,   1862. 

JAMES,  JOHN  W.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  18, 
May  25,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  May  3,  1863  and 
confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va., 
Mav  23.  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Land- 
ing, Va.,  February  25— March  3,  1865.  Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va., 
March  4,  1865  and  furloughed  March  10  for  60  days. 

JOHNSTON,  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  April  1,  1864.  Absent  sick  from 
April   10  through  December  1864. 

LAIL,  DANIEL,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  22,  1862  for  the 
war.  Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  3,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware, 
Del.,  until  transferred  to  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  October  15,  1863.  Paroled  and 
exchanged  at  Coxes  Wharf,  James  River,  Va.,  February  20-21,  1865. 


Roster  3 1 1 

LAIL,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Culpeper  Court  House,  Va.,  November  7. 
18(53  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  .\dmitted 
to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  March  51,  1865,  wounded  in  left  foot.  Captured 
in  hospital  April  3,  1865  and  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  July 
5,  1865. 

LANGLY,  DAVID,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  April  1,  1864.  Transferred  to 
Company  G,  43rd  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops,  December  21,  1864.  Present  or  ac- 
counted for  through   February  1865. 

LANS,  D.  H.,  Private.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7, 
1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  February 
24,  1865. 

LATTA,  PRESLEY,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  24, 
May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November 
7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Aiken's  Landing,  \a.,  March  14,  1865.  Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va., 
March   17,   1865  and  furloughed  March  24  for  30  days. 

LATTA,  SIMPSON  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  Comity  where  he  resided  as  a 
fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  22,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  May  26, 
1862    by    reason    of    "debilitas    and    peritonitis    chronic." 

LATTA,  AVILLIAM,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  22, 
May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  AVounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  1,  1863.  Captured 
at  Rappaliannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Mil.,  luitil  paroled  and  e.xchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  \'a.,  February  25— 
March  3,  1865. 

LAWS,  ALEXANDER  E.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age   18.   March   1,   1862  for   the  war.   Wounded  at   Sharpsburg,   Md.,  September 

17.  1862  and  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  2,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station, 
Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  after 
taking  Oath   of  Allegiance  June  28,   1865. 

LAWS,  GUILFORD,  Private.  Born  in  Granville  County  and  resided  in  Orange 
County  as  a  student,  where  he  enlisted  at  age  22,  May  25.  1861  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout,  Md.  Released  October  15,  1864  on  joining  the  U.  S.  Anny. 
Mustered  into  Company  A,  4th  Regiment  U.  S.  Volunteers  as  Private,  at  Fort 
Monroe,  Va.,  October  3,  1864  for  three  years.  Promoted  to  Corporal  March  1, 
1865.  Mustered  out  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  June  19,  1866. 

[LAWS,  GUILFORD  T.,  Private.     Resided  and   enlisted   in   Orange   County   at  age 

18,  May  25,  1861  for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  South  Mountain,  Md.,  September  14, 
1862,  and  at  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  December  13,  1862.  Missing  in  action  at  Rap- 
pahannock  Station,   Va.,   November  7,   1863. 

LAWS,  JOHN,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as  a  student 
and  enlisted  at  age  20,  May  25,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  October  2,  1862 
at  Richmond,  Va.,  by  reason  of  "valvular  disease  of  the  heart." 


LAWS,  WESLEY,  Private.     Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  18,  May 

25,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7, 
1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of 
Allegiance  Jiuie  3,   1865. 


312  The  Bloody  Sixth 

LEATHERS,  ALSEY  M.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  Countv  at  age 
24,  May  1,  1861  for  tlie  war.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  March— April  1862.  Reduced 
to  ranks  February  3,  1863  by  sentence  of  Regimental  Court  Martial.  Transferred 
to  Co.  K,  19th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  (2nd  Regiment  X.  C.  Caxalrv)  .\pril 
20.   1863.   Present   or  accounted   for   through   September    1864. 

LEATHERS,  J.  D.,  Private.     Died  of  wounds  at  Charlestown.  Va..  .August  21.  1864. 

LEATHERS,  JOSEPH  A.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  22.  May  1,  1861  tor  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Jones.  \'a..  of  pneumonia  and 
typhoid  September  27.  1861. 

LUNSFORD,  JOSEPH  G.,  Sergeant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  22,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  promoted  to 
Corporal  July  1,  1863.  Appears  as  Sergeant  beginning  with  September  15— 
October  31,  1864  Muster  Roll.  Present  or  accounted  tor  through  December 
1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court   House,   \'a.,   .April  9,   1865. 

LUNSFORD,  WILLIAM  A.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  19,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Camp  Fisher,  Va.,  January 
15,   1862   by   reason   of  "inguinal   liernia." 

LVON,  JAMES  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  April  1,  1864  tor  the  war.  Paroled 
at  .Appomattox  Cimrt  House,  \'a.,  .April  9,  1865. 

MAGHAR,  DENNIS,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted  in  Alam- 
ance County  at  age  21,  August  29,  1862  for  the  war.  Transferred  from  Company 
A,  66th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  February  1,  1863  and  deserted  March  15,  1863. 

MANGUM,  ACADMUS,  Piivate.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
18,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa„  July  1,  1863.  Captured 
at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  February  25— 
March  3,  1865. 

MANGUM,  ANALPHUS,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
24,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  .Appointed  Sergeant  May  21,  1861  and  promoted 
to  1st  Sergeant  September  28,  1861,  Absent  sick  from  November  26.  1862  through 
December  1864.  .Appears  as  Private  on  November— Deceml>er  1864  Muster  Roll 
with  the  remark:  ".Absent  in  N.  C.  (sick)  on  application  to  be  retired." 

MANGUM,  DeWITT  C,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  October  18,  1864  for  the 
war.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April   9,   1865. 

MANGUM,  John  ¥.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  21, 
May  1,  1861  tor  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November 
7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md„  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Venus  Point,   Savannah   River,  Ga,,  November   15,    1864. 

MANGUM,  PERSONS,  Private.  Born  and  resided  in  Orange  County  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  in  Prince  \Villiam  County,  Va.,  at  age  29,  February  25,  1862  for 
the  war.   Died  at   Richmond,  Va.,  of  "chronic  dianhea"  February   24,    1863. 

MANGUM,  RUFUS,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  14.  1864  for  the  war 
Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court   House,  Va.,  April  9,   1865. 

MANGUM,  SAMUEL  C,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  Comity  at 
age  23,  May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  tor  through  December 
1864.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  Va.,  March  25.  1865  and  confined  at  Point 
Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  29,   1865. 


RosTiR  313 

MANGUM,  SANDY  G.,  Private.  Born  in  Oiange  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  fanner  and  enUsted  at  age  22,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Sharps- 
burg.  Md..  September  17.  1862.  Discharged  at  Lynchburg.  Va.,  by  reason  of 
"phthisis  pulmonalis,  cavity  in  apex  of  left  lung"  September   1.   1863. 

MANGUM,  WILLIE  P.,  Private.     Resided  and  enlisted   in   Orange  County  at  age 

30,  July  15,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannnock  Station.  Va.,  No- 
\ember  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  ex- 
changed at  City  Point,  Va.,  March  20,  1864.  Retired  August  27,  1864  and  assigned 
to  the  Invalid  Corps  and  stationed  at  Raleigh. 

MANN,  HENRY  A.,  Private.  Conscripted  .April  1.  1864.  Captured  at  Mechanics- 
ville.  \'a..  May  30,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md„  until  transfeiTed 
to  Elmira,  N,  Y.,  July  9.  1864.  Released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  May  29, 
1865. 

McC.\BE,  ^VIIXIAM,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  in  Granville 
Countv  as  a  mechanic.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  37.  March  1.  1862  for 
tlie  war.  Died  at  Danville.  Va.,  of  smallpox  December  10.  1862. 

McCORKLE,  W.  H.,  Private.  Captured  in  hospital  at  Richmond,  Xs...  April  3, 
1865   and   turned   over  to   Provost   Marshal   .April   14,    1865. 

McF.\RL.\ND,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  18, 
Mav   1.   1861   for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond.  \'a..  of  fever  August  23.   1862. 

McGRATH,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  24, 
September  22,   1862   for  the   war.   Killed   at  Gettysburg.   Pa.,  July   2,    1863. 

McKEE,  JOHN   K.,  Private.     Resided  and  enlisted   in   Orange  County  at   age  22, 

Mav  25,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Jones,  Va.,  of  "phthisis  ptdmonalis" 
September  24,  1861. 

MEADO'WS,  WILLIE,  Sergeant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
23.  Mav  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private,  ^\■ounded  at  Malvern  Hill, 
Va.,  Julv  1,  1862.  .Appointed  Corporal  .April  1,  1863.  Captured  at  Fredericks- 
burg. Va.,  May  4,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  ami 
exchanged  May  23,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November 
7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Aiken's  Landing,  \'a„  September  22,  1864.  Paroled  as  Sergeant  at  .Appomattox 
Court  House,  Va.,  April  9,   1865. 

MERCER,  L.  B.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  .April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Dis- 
charged July  2.  1864  by  reason  of  "chronic  cystitis." 

MESSER,  D.ANIEL,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County.  \'a..  December  1,  1863 
for   tlie  war.   Deserted   February   7.   1864. 

MILLS,  JAMES  D.,  Private.     Enlisted  in  Lenoir  County  March   14,   1864. 

MOIZE,  ORFORD,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  49, 
March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

MONTAGUE,  ADOLPHUS  M.,  Private.  Resided  in  Granville  County  and  en- 
listed at  Kinston  April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Detailed  at  Jackson  Hospital,  Rich- 
mond, \'a.,  March  15,  1865,  where  he  had  been  on  detached  service  since 
November  23,  1864.  Captured  in  hospital  at  Richmond,  \'a.,  .April  3,  1865  and 
transferred  to  Newport  News.  \'a.,  April  21,  1865.  Released  after  taking  Oath 
of  .Allegiance  June  30.  1865. 


314  The  Bloody  Sixth 

MOORE,  JOSEPH  J.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  19, 
May  25,  1861  for  the  war.  Killed  at  Seven  Pines,  Va..  May  31,   1862. 

MOSES,  ALEXANDER  M.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at 
age  18,  September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through 
December   1864. 

MOSS,  ^VILLIAM  B.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  April  1.  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House.  Va.,  .April  9,  1865. 

NICHOLS,  BARTLET  Y.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  24,  March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Charlottes- 
ville, Va.,  of  typhoid  fever  July  29,  1863. 

NICHOLS,  FRANCIS,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  Comity  where  he  resided  and  en- 
listed at  age  25.  September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond,  \'a.,  of 
pneumonia   December    16.    1862. 

NICHOLS,  JAMES  O.  KELLY,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  25.  March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Peters- 
burg, Va.,  of  brain  fever  Jinie  19,   1862. 

NICHOLS,  MEREDITH  F.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  30,  March  I,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Lynchburg,  Va..  of  "diarrhea 
chronic"  January  29,  1863. 

NICHOLS,  SAMUEL  A.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
22,  March   1.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  of  fever  at  Richmond.  \'a..  May   1862. 

NICHOLS,  WILSON,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  18,  March  I,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Charlottes- 
ville, \'a.,  of  typhoid  fever  June  28,   1862. 

NORMAN,  LEWIS,  Private.  Enlisted  as  a  substitute  for  Herbert  H.  Sims  .August 
4,  1862  and  deserted  August  6,  1862. 

0.4KEY,  VAN  BUREN,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
18.  May  25,  1861  for  the  war.  Killed  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21.  1861. 

PARKER,  BENJAMIN  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted  in 
Prince  William  County,  Va.,  at  age  18,  Januaiy  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at 
Riclimond,  Va.,  of  pneinnonia  May  2,  1862. 

PARKER,    DUDLEY    H.,    Private.      Resided    in    Orange    Cotuity    and    enlisted    in  j 
Prince  William  County,  Va.,  at  age  42,  February  25,  1862  for  the  war.  Mustered  j 
in  as  Private  and  promoted  to   Corporal  Januai7   1,   1863.   Reduced   to   ranks 
April  1,  1863.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

PARKER,  JESSE  E.,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted  at  Kinston 
February  21,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Faniiville,  \'a.,  .April  6,  1865  and 
confined  at  Newport  News,  Va.,  until  released  after  taking  the  Oath  of  Alle- 
giance June  26,  1865. 

PARKER,  JESSE  AV.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  36, 
May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appears  as  Corporal  on 
January— February  1862  Muster  Roll.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  .April  1,  1863.  Ap- 
pears as  Private  on  September  15— October  31,  1864  Muster  Roll  with  the! 
remark:  "Absent  sick  since  May  1,  1863," 


Roster  315 

PARKER,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County.  Admitted  to  hospital  at 
Petersburg.  \'a.,  March  25.  1865  with  gunshot  wound.  Transferred  to  Richmond, 
Va.,  March  30,  1865.  Captured  in  hospital  April  3,  1865  and  confined  at  New- 
port News,  Va.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June  30,   1865. 

PARKER,  NATHANIEL  H.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  19,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill,  Va.,  June  27.  1862. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  \'enus  Point.  Savannah 
River.  Ga..  November  15,  1864.  Captured  near  Petersburg.  Va.,  FebruaiT  6.  1865 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.  Released  after  taking  Oatir  of  Allegiance 
June  17,  1865. 

PARRISH,  .\LJLEN  C,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  Countv  at  age 
23.  May   1,   1861   for  the  war.   Died  of  disease  January   18.   1864. 

PARRISH,  DOCTOR  H.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  18.  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va., 
November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  where  he  died  of 
"chronic  dysentery"   March   3,   1865. 

PARRISH,  NELSON,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
36,  February  10,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7, 
1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Aiken's  Landing,  Va..  February  25-26,  1865.  Furloughed  from  hospital  at  Rich- 
mond, Va..  for  30  days  March  6.   1865. 

PORTER,  CHARLES  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  .April  1.  1864  for  the 
war.  Admitted  to  hospital  at  Charlotte  May  15.  1964  and  furloughed  October 
23.    1864   with    "laryngitis   chronic." 

POWELL,  JAMES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Orange.  \'a..  December  20.  1863  for  the 
war.   Deserted    February    7.    1864. 

R.4Y,  WILLIAM  G.,  Sergeant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
19.  May  25.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  promoted  to  Corporal 
September  28.  1861.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  January  1,  1863.  Killed  at  Gettys- 
burg. Pa..  July   1,    1863. 

RAY,  WILLIAM  K.,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  Countv  and  enlisted  at  age  24, 
Mav  25.   1861. 

RA'iTIELD,  JAMES  A.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  Countv  at  age 
27.  September  22.  1862  for  tlie  war.  Captured  at  F'redericksburg.  Va.,  Mav  3, 
1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
City  Point,  Va.,  May  23,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  No- 
vember 7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  ex- 
changed at  Aiken's  Landing.  \'a..  Februarv  25— March  3,  1865.  -Admitted  to 
hospital  at  Richmond.  Va.,  March  5,  1865  and  returned  to  duty  March  24,  1865. 

REECE,  E.,  Priiate.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County,  Va.,  December  1.  1863  for  the 
war.  .Absent   sick  from  January   25,   1864   through   December   1864. 

REVIS,  WILLIAM  S.,  Private.  Resided  in  Yadkin  County.  Enlisted  in  Shenandoah 
\'alley.  \'z..  October  16.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  Va., 
February  6,  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.  Released  after  taking 
Oath   of   Allegiance   Jiuie    17.    1865. 


316  The  Bloody  Sixth 

RICHARDSON,  L.  M.,  Private.  Captured  near  Washington,  D.  C,  July  14.  1864 
and  confined  at  Elmira.  N.  Y.,  where  he  died  of  "chronic  diarrhea"  January 
27,  1865. 

RIGGS,  WILLIAM  R.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  lie  resided  as  a 
fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  24.  May  25,  1861.  Wounded  at  Fredericksburg,  Va., 
December   14,    1862.  Discharged   by  reason  of  disability  September   13,   1863. 

ROBERTS,  ANDREW  J.,  Sergeant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  ai 
age  32,  May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  1st  Sergeant.  Discharged  at 
Camp  Jones,  Va.,  by  reason  of  disability  September  23,  1861. 

ROBERTS,  DAVID  C,  Sergeant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
27,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Sergeant.  Wounded  at  Battle  of 
First  Manassas  July  21,   1861.   Died   of  wounds  at  home  September   1,    1861. 

ROBERTS,  GREEN,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  45, 
March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill.  Va..  June  27,  1862. 
Mortally  wounded  at  Cedar  Creek,  Va.,  October  19,   1864. 

ROBERTS,  WILLIAM  K.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  18.  September  10,  1862  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in  Company  K, 
19th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  (2nd  Regiment  N.  C.  Cavah^)  but  transferred 
to  Company  B,  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  .-^pril  30,  1863.  Captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  February  25-March 
3,   1865. 

ROBERTS,  ^VILLIE  U.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  20.  February  25,  1862  for  the  war.  Killed  at  Battle 
of  Second  Manassas  .August  29,   1862. 

SAFERIGHT,  EMSLEY,  Private.     Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  11.  1865. 

SANDERS,  ANDREW,  Private.  Resided  in  Forsyth  County  and  enlisted  at  Kins- 
ton  April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Fisher's  Hill,  Va..  September  22.  1864 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Alle- 
egiance  June  20.  1865. 

SANDERS,  JAMES  E.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  .^pril  1,  1864  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Plymouth  April  19,  1864.  Present  or  accounted  for  through 
December  1864.  Paroled  at  Lynchburg,  Va..  .April   15,   1865. 

SANDERS,  JAMES  M.,  Private.  Resided  in  Anson  County  and  enlisted  at  Kinston 
April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Wounded  and  admitted  to  hospital  at  Raleigh 
October  6.  1864.  Retired  to  Invalid  Corps  January  6.  1865. 

SCOTT,  JAMES  C,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
blacksmith  and  enlisted  at  age  20.  May  25,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  near 
Richmond,  Va.,  June  5,  1862.  Discharged  November  7,  1862  by  reason  of 
"ankylosis  of  the  left  wrist  and  loss  of  the  use  of  the  hand  caused  by  gun- 
shot through   the  wrist  joint." 

SEAGO,  THOMAS,  Private.  Resided  in  Henderson  County  and  enlisted  at  Kins- 
ton April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Faniiville.  Va.,  .April  6,  1865  and 
confined  at  Newport  News,  Va..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance 
April  26,   1865, 


Roster  317 

SHAMEL.  Jacob  W.,  Private.  Resided  in  Forsyth  County  as  a  fanner  and  en- 
listed at  age  45  Match  15.  1864.  Captured  at  \Vinchester.  Va..  July  20.  18(54 
and  confined  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  where  he  died  of  "gangrene"  and  "fever" 
Xo\ember  27,  1864. 

SH.\MEL,  WILEY  N.,  Private.  Resided  in  Forsyth  County  as  a  fanner  and  en- 
listed at  age  18.  Captured  at  Winchester,  Va.,  July  20.  1864  and  confined  at 
Camp  Chase.  Ohio.  Released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  February  18.  1865. 

SHORE,  J.  A.,  Private.     Died  of  disease  at  Staunton,  \'a..  July   14.   1864. 

SIRES,  RICHMOND  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  .April  1,  1864  for  the  war. 
Wounded  and  furloughed  about  September  23,  1864.  Furlough  extended  at 
Salisbury  December  2.   1864  for  30  days. 

SIMS,  HERBERT  H.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  29, 
jtuie  10.  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  .August  1,  1862  when  he  furnished  Lewis 
Norman   as   a  substitute. 

SMITH,  JAMES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  ,\pril  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Killed 
at   Cedar  Creek.  \'a..   October  19.   1864. 

SMITH.  L.  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Slienandoah  \aUey.  \'a..  October  16.  1864 
for  the  war.  .Absent  sick   from   October  26   through   December   1864. 

SP.AINHOl'R,  SOLOMON,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  .April  1.  1864  for  the 
war.  Captured  at  Fisher's  Hill,  Va..  September  22.  1864  and  confined  at  Point 
Lookout.  Md.,  where  he  died  February  27,  1865  of  "chronic  dianhea  and  scurvy." 

ST.AMV,  M.ARTIN.  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Bmke  County  at  age  28, 
September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  February 
1864. 

STAMY,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  31. 
September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va., 
November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  where  he  died  of 
"chronic   diarrhea"  January   23,    1865. 

SUTTON,  W.  M.,  Private.  Captured  at  Richmond,  \'a.,  .April  3,  1865  and  con- 
fined at   Newport  News,  \'a. 

T.ALTON,   J.,    Private.     Died   of   disease   at   Middletown,   \'a.,    July   21.    1864. 

TALTON,  R.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  .April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Fisher's  Hill,  Va.,  September  22,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md., 
until   paroled  and   exchanged  at  .Aiken's   Landing.  \'a.,   March    19,    1865. 

TAYLOR,  DUNCAN,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  41,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Camp 
near  Fredericksburg.  \'a.,  by  reason  of  "debility,  old  age,  and  chronic  diarrhea" 
April  7.   1863. 

TEASLEY,  NICHOLAS  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  14,  1864  for  the 
war.  Wotinded  in  action  in  Shenandoah  Valley.  \"a.,  September  29.  1864.  Died 
of  fever  in  Orange  County  Noveirrber   10,   1864. 

TILLEY,  ALLEN,  Private.     Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  42,  May 

1.   1861    for  the  war.   \\'ounded  at   Battle  of  First   Manassas  July   21.   1861    and 
at  Chancellorsville.  Va.,  May  4,  1863.  Retired  to  In\alid  Corps  October  7,   1834. 


318  The  Bloody  Sixth 

TILLEV,  DeWITT  C,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  March  1,  1862  for  the 
war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7,  1863  and  confined 
at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va., 
February  25-March   3.  186.5. 

TILLEY,  ELISHA  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  September  22.  1862 
for  the  war.  Woimded  at  Chancellorsville,  Va.,  May  4.  1863.  Present  or  accounted 
for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April 
9,  1865. 

TILLEY,  HAYWOOD,  Sergeant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  May  1, 
1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  wounded  at  Mahern  Hill,  Va., 
July  1.  1862.  Promoted  to  Corporal  October  1,  1862  and  to  Sergeant  February 
1,  1863.  Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  3,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware, 
Del.,  until  transferred  to  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  October  18.  1863.  Paroled  and 
exchanged   at   .-Viken's   Landing.  Va.,   February   25— March   3,    1865. 

TILLEY,  JAMES  D.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  14,  1864  for  the  war. 
Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864,  Paroled  at  Burkeville,  Va., 
April  14-17,  1865. 

TILLEY,  AVILLIAM  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  19,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher, 
Va.,  of  "pneumonia"  January  5.   1862. 

TRAYWICK,  J.  B.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  22,  1864  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Fisher's  Hill.  Va...  September  22.  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Wharf,  James  River,  Va., 
Febniai'y  20-21,  1865.  Detailed  at  Camp  Lee,  near  Richmond,  Va.,  after  ex- 
changed. 

TURRENTINE,  SAMUEL  W.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  22,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Detailed  as  nurse  January  7,  1863  and  as- 
signed to  General  Hospital,  Petersburg,  Va.,  March  1,  1863.  Appears  on  Muster 
Rolls  as  absent  on  detached  service  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  Ap- 
pomattox  Court    House,   Va.,   April   9,    1865. 

UMSTEAD,  GEORGE  W.,  Sergeant.  Resided  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted  at 
Kinston  April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  ,\ppears  as  Sergeant  on  September  la- 
October  31,  1864  Muster  Roll.  Captured  at  Farmville.  Va.,  April  6,  1865  and 
confined  at  Newport  News,  Va.  Released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June 
26,   1865. 

UMSTEAD,  KENNETH  R.,  Sergeant.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  enlisted 
at  age  20,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Promoted  to  Corporal  June  20— .August 
31,  1861,  and  to  Sergeant  on  September  28,  1861.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher,  Va., 
of  fever  December  4,  1861   . 

VAN  HOOK,  JAMES,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caroline  County,  Va.,  at  age  18,  Feb- 
ruary 14,  1863  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November 
7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  where  he  died  of  "chronic  diarrhea" 
February  16,   1865. 

■VAUGHAN,  'WILLIAM,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
20,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Deserted  June  23,  1863. 

VAUGHN,  MONROE,  Corporal.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  28, 
May  1,  1861  for  the  war  and  mustered  in  as  Corporal.  Present  or  accounted  for 
through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April  9, 
1865. 


Roster  319 

VEAZEY,  FIELDIN  L.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  enhsted  at 
age  20.  March  1.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond,  Va.,  of  fever  July  13, 
1862. 

VE.4ZEY,  WILLIAM  E.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  19.  March 
1,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7, 
1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Varina.  Va..  September  22,  1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  Va., 
April  9.  1865. 

WADDLE,  W.  R.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Wadesboro  March  1864  for  the  war. 
Captured  near  Chickahominy  Swamp.  Va.,  June  7,  1864  and  confined  at  Point 
Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Landing.  James  River, 
Va.,  February   14-15,   1865. 

WAGNER,  WILLIAM  P.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  19.  March  1.  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettvsburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  3.  1865. 

WATSON,  WILLIAM  S.,  Private.  Resided  as  a  fanner  in  Orange  County  where 
he  enlisted  at  age  20,  May  25,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill, 
Va..  July  1.  1862  and  at  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  December  13,  1862.  Captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md.  Released  January  23,  1864  on  taking  the  Oath  of  .Allegiance  and 
joining  the  U.  S.  .Army.  Mustered  into  Company  .A.  1st  Regiment  U.  S. 
Volunteers  at  Norfolk.  Va.,  May  1,  1864  for  three  years.  Musterccl  out  at  Fort 
Leavenworth,  Kansas,  May   10,   1866. 

WEDDING,  HENRY  W.,  CorporaL  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  minister  and  enlisted  in  Henrico  County.  \'a.,  at  age  22,  May  22,  1862 
for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  promoted  to  Corporal  October  1, 
1862.    Killed   at    Fredericksburg,    \'a.,    December    13.    1862. 

WEDDING,  JOHN  T.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  18,  May  25,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  May  17,  1862 
of  wounds  received  in  the  Battle  of  Eltham's  Landing.  \'a. 

WEIVEL,  ALBERT  W.,  Private.  Resided  in  Forsyth  County  and  enlisted  at 
Kinston  .April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Wounded  and  admitted  to  hospital  at 
Richmond,  Va.,  .April  2,  1865,  where  he  was  captured  .April  3.  1865.  Confined 
at  Newport  News.  Va..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  -Allegiance  June  30, 
1865. 

WILEY',  K.,  Private.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's 
Landing,   \'a.,   March    16,    1865. 

WILKERSON,  ALEXANDER,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  21,  May  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va., 
November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  .Md..  until  paroled  and 
exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  February  25— .March  3,   1865. 

WILKERSON,  RICHARD,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  19.  May  25.  1861  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  April 
1862.  Transferred  to  1st  Maryland  Regiment;  howe\er,  does  not  appear  on 
en    rolls   of    that    regiment. 


320  The  Blood\  Sixth 

WILLIAMS,  GEORGE,  Private.  Resided  in  Anson  County  and  enlisted  at  Kins- 
ton  April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Farmville,  Va..  .\pril  6,  1865  and  con- 
fined at  Newport  News,  Va.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance 
June  30.  1865. 

WILLIAMS,  WILLIAM  F.,  Private.  Born  in  Halifax  County  and  resided  in 
Warren  County  as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  17.  February  14,  1862.  Mustered 
in  as  Private  in  Company  G,  43rd  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops.  Promoted  to  Corporal 
September— October  1862  and  appointed  courier  November-December  1863. 
Transferred  to  Company  B,  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  December  21,  1864 
and  served  as  courier.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April  9,  1865. 

WILSON,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  34, 
September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Deserted  July  19,  1863  and  captured  in  western 
Virginia  during  the  week  ending  July  31,  1863  and  took  Oath  of  .\llegiance. 

WILSON,  LEANDER,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  25, 
September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  May  3,  1863 
and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroleti  and  exchanged  at  City 
Point,  Va.,  May  23,  1863.  Transferred  to  Company  D  this  regiment  December 
11,  1863. 

WILSON,  PHILO  D.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
20.  May  25,  1861   for  the  war.  Killed  at  Chancellorsville,  Va.,  May  4.   1863. 

WILSON,  THOMAS  H.,  Sergeant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
18,  May  25,  1861  for  the  war.  Promoted  to  Corporal  FebruaiT  1.  1863  and  to 
Sergeant  July    1,    1863.   Captured   at   Rappahannock   Station,   Va..    Novemljer   7, 

1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  September  22,  1864.  Captured  at  Fannville.  Va.,  .\pril  6, 
1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va.  Released  after  taking  Oath  of  Alle- 
giance June  26,  1865. 

WRIGHT,    JAMES,    Private.     Enlisted    in    Shenandoah    Valley,    Va.,    October    16, 

1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Strasburg,  Va.,  October  19,  1864  and  confined 
at  Point  Lookoiu,  Md..  where  he  died  December  7,  1864. 


COMPANY  C 

OFFICERS 
->>  CAPTAINS 

FREELAND,  WILLL4M  JOHNSON.  Resided  in  Orange  County  where  he  en- 
listed at  age  32,  Mav  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Commissioned  Captain  by  Governor 
Ellis  to  rank  from  May  16,  1861.  Wounded  and  captured  at  Seven  Pines,  Va., 
May  31,  1862.  Died  of  wound  in  U.  S.  Army  Hospital,  Fort  Monroe,  Va.,  June 
21.  1862. 

LOWRIE,  HOUSTON  B.  Transferred  from  Field  &  Staff  and  appointed  1st 
Lieutenant  September— October  1861.  Promoted  to  Captain  June  1862.  Killed 
at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September   17.   1862. 

GUESS,  WILLIAM  G.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  28,  .May  1. 
1861  for  the  war.  Commissioned  2nd  Lieutenant  by  Governor  Ellis  to  rank 
from  May  16,  1861.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  \'a.,  July   1,  1862.  Promcted  to 


Roster  321 

1st  Lieutenant  Julv  15,  1862.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md..  September  17, 
1862  and  promoted  to  Captain  same  day.  Woinided  at  Chancellorsx  ille,  Va., 
May  4,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Johnson's  Island,  Ohio,  until  paroled  on  taking  Oath  of  Alle- 
giance June    13,    1865. 

LIEUTENANTS 

DURHAM,  WILLIAM  J.  H.,  1st  Lieutenant.  Commissioned  1st  Lieutenant  by 
Governor  Ellis  to  take  rank  from  May  16,  1861.  Promoted  to  Captain  of  Com- 
panv  H  this  regiment  September  27,  1861. 

CHRISTIAN,  WILLI.^M  JASPER,  1st  Lieutenant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange 
County  at  age  20,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Corporal  and 
promoted  to  Sergeant  April  1,  1862.  Elected  2nd  Lieutenant  July  15,  1862 
and  promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  September  17,  1862.  ^Vounded  at  Gettysburg, 
Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Johnson's  Island,  Ohio,  until  released  on  taking  Oath  of  Alle- 
giance June  12,  1865. 

CHEEK,  ALLEN  JASPER,  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange 
County  at  age  25,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Corporal  and 
promoted  to  Sergeant  September— October  1861.  Promoted  to  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant 
December  2,   1862.  Killed  at  Gettysburg,   Pa.,  July   1-2,   1863. 

CLINTON,  WILLIAM  STEPHEN,  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in 
Orange  County  at  age  33,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Sergeant  and 
promoted  to  1st  Sergeant  October  1,  1862.  Sened  as  Orderly  Sergeant  from 
November  1,  1862  until  appointed  2nd  Lieutenant  December  2,  1862.  Wounded 
at  Plymouth  .April  20.  1864.  Retired  to  Invalid  Corps  .March  6,  1865  and  assigned 
to  duty  with   Reserve  Forces  of  North   Carolina   March  9,    1865, 

GRESHAM,  WILLIAM  T.,  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  Orange  County  as  a 
carpenter  where  he  enlisted  at  age  23,  May  I,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in 
as  Private  and  wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  31,  1862.  Promoted  to  Cor- 
poral December  1,  1863.  Captured  at  Winchester,  \a.,  July  20,  1864  and  con- 
fined at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va., 
March  2,  1865.  Appears  as  2nd  Lieutenant  on  records  relating  to  his  capture 
and  imprisonment. 

TURNER,  EVANS,  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  30,  May  1861  for  the  war.  Commissioned  2nd  Lieutenant  by  Governor 
Ellis  to  rank  from  May  16,  1861.  Promoted  to  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant  June  1862 
and  wounded  at  Gaines'   Mill,   \'a.,  June  27,    1862.   Resigned  July   30,    1862. 

NON-COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS  AND  PRIVATES 

ADAMS,  WILLIAM  HENRY,  Private.  Resided  in  Chatham  County  and  enlisted 
at  Durham  at  age  22,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va., 
July  1,  1862,  at  Fredericksburg,  Va..  December  1862.  and  at  Gettysburg,  Pa., 
July  1,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point, 
Savannah  River,  Ga.,  November  15,  1864.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House, 
Va.,  April  9,   1865. 

AMONS,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  20.  1864  for  the  war.  Present 
cr  accounted  for  through  December   1864. 


322  The  Bloody  Sixth 

BARBEE,  JOHN  WESLEY,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  24,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Strasburg.  Va.,  September  2*5, 
1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Aiken's  Landing,  Va,,  March   19.  1865, 

BLALOCK,  A.  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  and  enlisted 
at  age  30,  March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Ashland,  \'a..  of  fever  May  1,  1862. 

BLALOCK,  EGBERT  N.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  37,  March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond,  Va..  of  wounds  received 
at  .Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  31,  1862, 

BLALOCK,  LEWIS  D.  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  famier  and  enlisted  at  age  18,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Camp 
Jones,  Va.,  by  reason  of  "hernia"  September   18,   1861. 

BLALOCK,  MARTIN  V.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  25,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as 
Corporal  and  reduced  to  ranks  March— .\pril  1862.  W^ounded  and  captured 
at  Seven  Pines,  Va„  May  31,  1862  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va,,  August  5,  1862,  Wounded 
at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17,  1862  and  discharged  at  Staunton,  Va„ 
February   13,   1863  by  reason  of  "gunshot  wound   both   hips." 

BL.\LOCK,  WILLIAM  D.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  23,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war,  ^Vounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md,,  September  17, 
1862  and  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House, 
Va.,  April  9,   1865. 

BLALOCK,  WILLIAM  JASPER,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  19.  May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va,,  July  12, 
1862  and  confined  at  Fort  AV'ool,  Va.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's 
Landing,  \a..  .August  26.  1862.  Deserted  at  Fredericksbiug.  Va..  .April  30.  1863 
and  captured  near  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  May  1,  1863,  Released  "to  go  north" 
after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  May  2,  1863, 

BLEDSOE,  ALSEY  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Durham  at  age  24.  May  1,  1861  for 
the  war.  Discharged  Jiuie  10,  1862  by  reason  of  disability.  "Died  soon  after 
reaching  home." 

BLEDSOE,  WILLIAM  GILES,  Private.     Bom  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided 

as  a   blacksmith   and   enlisted  at  age  27,   May   1,    1861    for   the  war.   Discharged 
at  Camp  Fisher.  Va..  by  reason  of  "rheumatism"  October  1.   1861. 

BRASSFIELD,  REUBEN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Bartow.  Va..  at  age  18,  March 
25,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va.,  July  1,  1862.  Killed  at 
Gettysburg.    Pa.,    July    1,    1863, 

BRINKLEY',  RANSON,  Private.  Resided  in  Wake  County.  Captured  at  Salisbury 
April  12,  1865  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio.  Released  after  taking  Oath 
of   .Allegiance  June    19,    1865. 

BROWN,  E.,  Private.  Resided  at  .Albany.  Ga.,  as  a  farmer.  Captured  near  Peters- 
burg. Va.,  March  25,  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.  Released  after 
taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  May   12-14,   1865, 

BROWN,  JOHN  M,,  Private.  Resided  in  Towns  Coimty,  Ga,,  and  surrendered 
at  Chambersburg,  Pa.,  July  1864.  Confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until  released 
after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  May  10,  1865. 


Roster  323 

BROWN,  JOHN  MOORE,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  30.  May  24,  1861  fov  the  war.  Died  of  disease  at  Richmond.  Va..  in  May 
1862,  and  buried  in  Hollywood  Cemetery,  Richmond,  Va.,   May   11.  1862. 

BRO^VNING,  JEFFERSON,  Private.     Enlisted  in   Orange  County  at  age  25,  May 

1.    1861    for    the    war.    Discharged    at    Camp    Hill.    Va.,    by   reason    of    "hernia" 
September   20,    1861. 

BROWNING,  WILLI.AM  H.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  27.  March  1.  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863 
aird  captured  in  hospital  at  Gettysburg.  Confined  at  DeCamp  General  Hospital, 
David's  Island.  N.  Y.  Harbor,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point, 
\'a..  September  16.  1863.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  Hotise,  Va..  .April  9.  1865. 

BUCHANAN,  JOSEPH,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  20,  1864  for  the  war. 
Captured  near  Little  Washington,  N.  C,  .April  30,  1864  and  confined  at  Point 
Lookoiu,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point,  Savannah  River, 
Ga.,    November    15.    1864. 

GARDEN,  WILLL-VM  HARRISON,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he 
resided  as  a  fanner  and  eirlisted  at  age  20,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded 
at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21.  1861  and  discharged  at  Camp  Fisher.  Va., 
December   14,   1861   by   reason   of  disability   caused   by  wounds. 

CARLTON,  JOHN  W.,  Sergeant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  Cotuity  at  age 
18.  March  7,  1862  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  promoted  to  Cor- 
poral January  1,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7, 
1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Coxes  ^Vharf,  James  River.  \'a.,  October  15,  1864.  Had  been  promoted  to 
Sergeant  December  1.  1863  while  a  prisoner  of  war.  Captured  at  Farmville,  Va., 
.April  6,  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va.,  until  released  after  taking 
Oath  of  Allegiance  June  26,  1865. 

CARRINGTON,  JAMES,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  38,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted 
for  through  December  1864.  Discharged  March  28.  1865  by  reason  of  "general 
incapacity." 

CARROL,  ANDREW  JACKSON,  Sergeant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange 
County  at  age  27,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Sergeant.  Captured 
at  Seven  Pines,  \'a.,  May  31,  1862  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  -August  5,  1862.  Captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va..  February  25- 
March  3.  1865. 

CARROLL,  JAMES,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  25, 
May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November 
7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
\'enus  Point,  Savannah  River,  Ga.,  November  15.  1864.  Captured  at  Fannville, 
Va.,  April  6,  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va..  until  released  after 
taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June  26,  1865. 

CARROLL,  JOHN  GASTON,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  32.  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  at 
Camp  near  Richmond.  Va..  Jidy  18,  1862  by  reason  of  "general  physical  pros- 
tration induced  by  an  attack  of  typhoid  fever  12  months  ago." 


324  The  Bloody  Sixth 

CARROLL,  LEVI,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as  a  fanner 
and  enlisted  at  age  22,  September  15,  1862.  Died  at  Richmond,  Va.,  o£  typhoid 
fever  December  3,  1862. 

CARROLL,  PAGE,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as  a  faiTner 
and  enlisted  at  age  28.  Februai7  25,  1862  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Richmond, 
Va.,  by  reason  of  "chronic  diarrhea"  July  18,  1862. 

CHAMBLEE,  WILLIAM  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  21,  May 
1,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  31,  1862.  Present  or 
accounted  for  through  February   1864. 

CLEMENTS,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  28, 
February  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  February 
1864. 

CLEVLAND,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  February  22,  1862. 
Wounded  August  2,   1864. 

CLOER,  JOHN  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  March  20,  1864.  Died  of  wounds  in  hos- 
pital at  \Vilson  June  6.  1864. 

CLOER,  N.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  20,  1864  for  the  war.  Present  or 
accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

COPLEY,  AUGUSTUS  POTTER,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange 
Comity  at  age  26,  May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through 
December   1864. 

COPLEY,  JAMES  L.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  17, 
May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21,  1861. 
Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

CURTIS,  W.  L.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  20.  1864  for  the  war.  Wounded 
and  admitted  to  hospital  August  20,  1864. 

DAVIS,  JOHN  EDWARD,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  Comity  where  he  resided  as 
a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  20,  May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Battle 
of  First  Manassas  July  21,  1861  and  died  of  wounds  at  Louisa  Court  House, 
Va.,  August  8,  1861. 

DAVIS,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  18.  May  1,  1861 
for  the  war.  .•Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va..  wounded,  January  7,  1863. 
Detailed  in  hospital  at  Charlotte  October  7,  1864  and  attached  to  a  company 
of  Detailed  Men  at  Charlotte. 

DAWSON,  JOHN,  Private.  Died  of  debility  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  February 
22,   1865. 

DESERN,  EDWARD,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  34, 
September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Lynchburg,  \'a.,  of  typhoid  fever 
January  29,  1863. 

DICKERS,  H.,  Corporal.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7, 
1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged 
September  30,  1864. 

DILLON,  JOHN  J.,  Private.     Paroled  at  Creensboro  May  4,  1865. 

DOLLAR,  THOMAS,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  30, 
Februai7  22,   1862  for  the  war.  Killed  near  Frederickburg,  \'a..   May  4,   1863. 


Roster  325 

DORSETT,  W.,    Private.     Paroled   at    Burkeville,    Va.,   April    1-1-17,    1865. 

DOSSETT,  SIMPSON,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  19, 
May  1,  18(51  for  the  war.  Deserted  at  Fredericksburg,  Va..  April  30,  1863  and 
captured  May  1,  1863.  Paroled  "to  go  north"  after  taking  Oath  of  .\llegiance 
May  2.  1863.' 

ELLIS,  R.  M.,  Private.  Captured  and  paroled  at  Warrenton,  Va.,  September  29, 
1862. 

FALKNER,  ROBERT  HENRY,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  re- 
sided as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  19,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Killed  at 
Battle  of  First   Manassas  July  21,   1861. 

FAUCETT,  ELIJAH  GRAVES,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  37,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  1.  1863 
and  again  on  August  20,   1864. 

FERRELL,  JAMES  T.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  iir  Orange  County  at  age 
17,  February  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Fredericksburg,  \'a.,  May  3, 
1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
City  Point.  \'a..  May  23,  1863.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863. 
Captured  at  Farmville,  Va.,  April  6,  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va., 
until   released  after   taking   Oath   of  Allegiance  June   25,    1865. 

FREEMAN,  SPENCER  B.,  Private.  Born  in  Wake  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  in  Orange  Comity  where  he  enlisted  at  age  22.  May  1,  1861  for  the  war. 
^Vounded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21.  1861  and  discharged  at  Camp 
Fisher.  \'a..  by  reason  of   "a   compound   fracture"   December    12,    1861. 

GAINEY,  A.  G.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  at  age  27,  Febrtiary  25,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond.  Va., 
of   typhoid   fever  April   28,   1862. 

GARR.\RD,  SHERWOOD  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  re- 
sided as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  41,  February  22,  1862  for  the  war.  W'ounded 
at  Gaines'  Mill,  Va.,  June  27,  1862.  Discharged  at  Camp  near  Fredericksburg, 
\'a..  bv  reason  of  wounds  March  22,   1863. 

GILBERT,  WILLIAM  RILEY,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  37,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  of  wounds  at  \\'inchester,  Va.,  July 
26,  1864. 

GILLESPIE,  M.,  Private.  Died  in  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  of  disease  at  age  39, 
July  20,  1864. 

GLENN,  ALLISON  SKIDMORE,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he 
resided  and  enlisted  at  age  22.  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Battle 
of  First  Manassas  Jidy  21,  1861  and  died  of  wouncis  at  Louisa  Court  House,  \'a  , 
September  10,  1861. 

GLENN,  H.  COSLETT,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
22,  September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Woinided  at  Gettvsbing,  Pa..  July  1,  1863 
and   died  of   wound   July   4,    1863. 

GLENN,  VINYARD  COLVIN,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  Comity  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  30,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  at 
Camp  Fisher,  \'a.,  by  reason  of  "spinal  disease"  February  24,   1862.  Conscripted 


326  The  Bloody  Sixth 

in  Orange  County  September  22,  1862  and  attached  to  Company.  Captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Landing.  James  River.  Va.,  February 
14-15,    1865.   Detailed   at   Camp    Lee.   Richmond,   Va.,   after  exchanged. 

GLIMPS,  JAMES  L.,  Private.  Captured  near  Washington.  D.  C,  July  13,  1864  and 
confined  at  Elmira.  N.  Y..  where  he  died  of  "chronic  diarrhea"  March  29,  1865. 

GREGORY,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  20.  1864  for  the 
war.   Present  or  accounted  for  through   December   1864. 

GUFFY,  W.,  Private.     Died   at   Plymouth   of  disease  April  22,   1864. 

HAILEY,  THOMAS  R.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  Coimty  where  he  resided  as  a 
fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  18,  February  22,  1862  for  the  war.  \Vounded  at 
Gettvsburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863  and  detailed  for  guard  duty  at  Macon.  Ga.,  April 
5,  1864  because  wound  had  rendered  him  unfit  for  field  service.  Captured  at 
Macon,   Ga.,   April   20-21,    1865. 

HAILEY,  WILLIAM  PERVIS,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  20,  May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July 
21,  1861  and  discharged  by  reason  of  disability  August  16.  1861.  Re-enlisted  at 
Durham  March  6,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2,  1863. 
Retired  to  Invalid  Corps  November  14.  1864  and  stationed  at  Hillsboro.  .Assigned 
to  light  duty  at  Raleigh  December  16,   1864. 

HALL,  CHARLES,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County.  Captured  at  Hagerstown, 
Md.,  July  1864  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.  Released  after  taking  Oath 
of  Allegiance  May  11,  1865. 

HALL,  JAME^S  T.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  25, 
February  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  Va..  May  31,  1862. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va„ 
February  25-March  3,   1865. 

HARRIS,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  20.  1864  for  the  war. 
Present  or  accounted  for  through   December   1864. 

HEIATH,  G.  B.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh,  October  19,  186t 
for  the  war.  Died  in  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  of  "enteritis"  January  17,  1865. 

HERNDON,  ALVIN  M.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  26,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Louisa  Court  House,  Va.,  of  fever 
August  8,   1861. 

HERNDON,  MATCHARINE  C,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  24,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va., 
November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  ex- 
changed at  Venus  Point,  Savannah  River,  Ga.,  November  15,  1864.  Paroled 
at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  Ya.,  April  9,  1865  and  again  at  Raleigh  May  25, 
1865. 

HERNDON,  WILLIAM  HENRY  H.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange 
County  at  age  23,  May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station, 
Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and 
exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  \'a.,  March  19,  1865.  Paroled  at  Appomattox 
Court   House,   Va.,   April   9,   1865. 

HERNDON,  ZACARIAH,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  23.  February  22,  1862.  Died  at  Camp  Bartow.  Va.,  March  25,   1862. 


Roster  327 

HICKS,  JAMES,  Private.     Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  Conntv  at  age  47,  May 

1.   1861    for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Junes.  \'a..  of  typhoid   fever  September   10, 
1861. 

HICKS,  KINCHEON,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
30,  May  I.  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August  31, 
1862.  Captured  at  Cedar  Creek,  Va.,  October  19,  1864  and  confined  at  Point 
Lookout,  Md.,  luitil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  March 
30,  1865. 

HICKS,  W,  D,,  Corporal,  Enlisted  at  Richmond,  Va.,  December  7,  1863  for  the 
war  and  mustered  in  as  Private.  Promoted  to  Corporal  November  1,  1864, 
Paroled   at   .Appomattox   Court    House,   \'a..   .April   9,    1865. 

HOLLAND,  DAVID,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Richmond.  Va.,  June  10.  1864  for  the 
war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

HOLLOWAY,  JAMES,  Private,  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
22,  .Augrrst  12,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  31,  1862 
and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's 
Landing,  \'a..  .August  5,  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  No- 
vember 7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  ex- 
changed at  \enus  Point,  Savannali  River,  Ga.,  November  15.  1864.  Admitted  to 
hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  wounded,  March  28,  1865  and  captured  in  hospital 
.April   3,   1865.  Turned  over  to  Provost  Marshal  April   14,   1865. 

HOLLOWAV,  JOHN  N,,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  18.  February  24,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  and  captured  at  Winchester, 
Va.,    September    19,    1864, 

HOLLOWAV,  KINCHEN,  Private,  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  19,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Transferred  to  Regi- 
mental  Band  November  1,   1863. 

HOLLOWAY,  WILLIAM  J,,  Private,  Enlisted  at  Durham  August  12,  1861  for 
the  war.   Present   or   accounted   for   through   April    1862. 

HOLT,  MICHAEL,  Private,  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes  Novemlier  1,  1864  for  the 
war.   Present  or  accounted  for   through   December   1864. 

HUSKEY,  JA.MES,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  25 
June  11,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill,  Va.,  June  27,  1862.  Capture<l 
at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2.  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.  Released 
after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June   19,   1865. 

HUSKEY,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  23. 
May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Detailed  on  extra  duty  in  Quartennaster  Department 
from  July  15,  1861  through  May  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a.. 
November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  ex- 
changed March  3,  1864. 

HUTCHINS,  ANDREW  JACKSON,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange 
County  at  age  28,  .Mav  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Killed  at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  JiUy  1, 
1863. 

HUTCHINS,  JAMES  T.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
35,  March  8,  1862  for  the  war.  \\'ounded  and  captured  at  Winchester.  Va., 
September  19,  1864.  Paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  Wharf,  James  Rivei, 
Va.,  January  21.  1865.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House.  \'a..  .April  9.   1865. 


328  The  Bloody  Sixth 

HUTCHINS,  JOHN  ACHOR,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  wliere  lie  resided 
as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  19,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Killed  at  Battle 
of  First   Manassas  July  21,   1861. 

HUTCHINS,  SILAS,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  Comity  where  he  resided  as  a 
fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  24.  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  ^Vounded  at  Battle 
of  First  Manassas  July  21,  1861  and  captured  at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  31,  1862. 
Confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Land- 
ing, Va.,  August  5,  1862.  \Vounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md..  September  17,  1862  and 
absent   on   furlough   until   discharged   by   reason   of   wound  January    17,    1865. 

INGRAHAM,  ADDISON,  Private.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  Va.,  October  27, 
1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Boulware's   Wharf,    James    River,   Va.,    March    30,    1865. 

JACKSON,  JOHN  JOHNSON,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  25.  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas 
August  31,  1862  and  detailed  to  Provost  Guard.  Raleigh,  September  28,  1863 
because  of  wound.  Paroled  at  Raleigh  April  22.   1865. 

KELLER,  THOMAS,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  34, 
September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December 
1864.  Killed  near  Petersburg,  Va.,  March  25.  1865. 

KILLGROVE,  JOHN  LAYETTE,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  21.  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  ^\'ounded  at  Gaines'  Mill,  Va..  June  27.  1862. 
Wounded  and  captured  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17,  1862  and  confined 
at  Fort  McHenry,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va., 
November   10,    1862.   Deserted   near  Newtown.   Va.,   November  8,    1864. 

LAMB,  EDMON  S.,  Private.  Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  3.  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va., 
March  20,  1864. 

LAYCOCK,  WILLIAM  JONES,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  23,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  Va..  May  31,  1862 
and  at  Chancellorsville,  Va.,  May  4.  1863.  Missing  in  action  at  Rappahannock 
Station.  Va.,  November  7.  1863. 

LEIGH,  JAMES  SAUNDERS,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  22,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Missing  in  action  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2, 
1863. 

LEIGH,  J.  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes  March  20,  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled   at   .Appomattox   Court   House,   Va.,  .April   9,    1865. 

LEIGH,  NAZOR  OWEN,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
23,  February  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond,  Va..  July  5,  1862  of 
wounds  received  at  Gaines'  Mill,  Va.,  June  27,  1862. 

LEIGH,  P.  R.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  wlieie  he  enlisted  at  age  22, 
February  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  .Ashland,  \'a..  of  measles  .April  25,  1862 

LONG,  'VV.  T.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  20,  1864  for  the  war.  Present 
or  accounted   for   through   December   1864. 

LOWMAN,  JACOB,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  30, 
September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1-3,  1863. 
Paroled   at    Burkeville,   \'a..   April    14-17,    1865. 


Roster  329 

LOWMAN,  LEVI,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  34, 
September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  and  captured  in 
hospital   at   Gettysburg  where  he  died  of  wound  July   8,   1863. 

LVON,  J.AMES  EDWIN,  Sergeant.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  ianner  and  enlisted  at  age  21.  May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as 
Pri\ate  and  promoted  to  Corporal  May  1— October  31,  1862  and  to  Sergeant 
January  1.  1863.  Promoted  to  1st  Sergeant  December  1.  1863.  \Vounded  at 
Fisher's  Hill,  \'a.,  September  22,  1864  and  discharged  because  of  wound 
January  27,   1865. 

MARKHAM,  ALEXANDER  M.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he 
resided  as  a  fanner  and  enlisted  February  24.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Rich- 
mond. Va.,  at  age  19  of  "chronic  diarrhea"  March  13,  1863. 

MARKHAM,  ISALVH  P.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  25,  May  I,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  on  Surgeon's  Certificafe  of  Dis- 
ability October  24,   1861. 

MARKHAM,  JOHN  HENRY,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  25.  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Killed  at  Chancellorsville.  \'a..  May  4.  1863. 

M.ARKHAM,  LEVI,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  38, 
May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg.  .Md.,  September  17.  1862  and 
at  Chancellorsville,  \'a..  May  4,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station, 
Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled 
after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  4,   1865. 

MARKHAM,  MATTHEW,  Sergeant.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided 
and  enlisted  at  age  25.  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  1st  Sergeant. 
Killed  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17,   1862. 

MASSEY,  RUFUS,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  20, 
February  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  .Malvern  Hill.  \a..  July  12,  1862  and 
confined  at  Fort  Wool,  Va.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .'Aiken's  Landing, 
Va.,  .\ugust  26,  1862.  Wounded  about  October  25.  1862.  Captured  at  Fredericks- 
burg, Va.,  May  3,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until  paroled  and 
exchanged  at  City  Point,  \'a..  May  23.  1863.  \Vounded  and  captured  at  Gettys- 
burg, Pa.,  July  1-4,  1863  and  confined  at  DeCamp  General  Hospital,  David's 
Island,  N.  Y.  Harbor,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  \a.,  Septem- 
ber 8.  1863.  .\bsent  on  detached  service  from  November  18,  1863  until  retired 
to  Invalid  Corps  December  23,   1864. 

MAY,  HENRY,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County.  Surrendered  at  Coosa- 
whatchie,  S.  C,  January  23.  1865  and  sent  to  Provost  Marshal  General,  New 
York  City,  February  26,  1865. 

«  '  MAY',  JAMES  H.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  18, 
February  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md.,  September  17, 
1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing, 
Va.,  Februarv   25-March  3,   1865. 


J, 


MAY,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  25, 
May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va..  November 
7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Aiken's  Landing,  \'a..  February  25— March  3.  1865. 


330  The  Bloody  Sixth 

McCARROL,  JOHN  AVESLEY,  Corporal.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  18,  May  1,  18G1  tor  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  wounded  at 
Fredericksburg,  Va.,  December  12-13,  1862.  Promoted  to  Corporal  August  1. 
1863  and  captured  at  Rappaliannock  Station.  \'a..  November  7.  1853.  Confined 
at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point,  Savannah 
River,  Ga.,  November  15,  1864.  Captured  at  Farinville,  Va.,  April  6,  1865  and 
confined  at  Newport  News,  Va.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance 
June  26,   1865. 

McCROWRY,  EDWARD,  Private.  Resiiled  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
40,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Richmond.  \'a..  by  reason  of  "insipient 
phthisis"  July  19.  1862. 

McD.ANIEL,  CHRISTOPHER,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County 
at  age  25.  September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July 
1,  1863  in  right  foot,  causing  amputation,  and  captured  in  hospital  at  Gettys- 
burg. Confined  at  DeCamp  General  Hospital,  David's  Island,  N.  Y.  Harbor,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va..  September  16.  1863.  Furloughed 
.•Vugust  30.  1863  and  carried  as  absent  wounded  in  North  Carolina  on  Rolls 
through    December    1864. 

McDANIEL,  JESSE,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  resided  as  a  fanner 
and  enlisted  at  age  27,  September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  in  hospital  at 
Richmond,  Va.,  of  tvphoid  fever  November  15,  1862. 

McDANIEL,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  33, 
September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Plymouth  of  wounds  .April  18,  1864. 

McDANIEL,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age 
23j  September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  and  captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa., 
July  5,  1863  and  confined  at  DeCamp  General  Hospital.  David's  Island,  N.  Y. 
Harbor,  where  he  died  of  wounds  July  28,   1863. 

McGEE,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  March  15,  1864,  Wounded  at  Plymouth  April 
23,  1864  and  died  in  .Anderson  County,  S.  C,  of  disease  June  20,   1864. 

MONROE,  HERNDON  ALVIN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  May  1,  1861 
for  the  war.  Died  of  typhoid  fever  .August  31,  1861. 

MORRIS,  E.  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes  March  2,  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  .April  9,   1865. 

MURKAY,  JOHN  C,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  19, 
February  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  No- 
vember 7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  ex- 
changed at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  Februai7  25— March  3,  1865. 

MURRAY,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  30,  September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp 
near  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  of  fever  March  31,  1863. 

NICHOLS,  ARCHIBALD,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  18,  March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  1,  1863 
and  captured  in  hospital  at  Gettysburg.  Confined  at  West's  Building  Hospital 
Baltimore,  Md.,  luitil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va.,  Novembe: 
17,  1863.  Retired  to  Invalid  Corps  January  17,  1865  and  assigned  to  light  duty 
March  3,  1865. 


Roster  331 

NICHOLS,  IRA  "W.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
tanner  and  enlisted  at  age  22,  Februar\'  10,  1862  for  the  war  as  a  substitute 
for  John  Cabe  Shields.  Died  at  Bunker  Hill,  Va.,  of  pneumonia  Septcinlier  25, 
18(i2. 

NOAH,  AUSTIN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  C:amp  Holmes  November  1,  1864  for  the 
war.   Present   or  accounted   for  through   December   1864. 

P.\GE,  ANDERSON,  Sergeant.  Born  in  ^Vake  County  where  he  resided  and  en- 
listed at  age  33.  Mav  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Sergeant.  Died  at 
Camp  Hill.  \a..  of  typhoid  fever  October  15,   1861. 

PAINTER,  E.  B.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  20,  1864  for  the  war. 
Absent  sick  from  .\pril  24.   1864   through  December   1864. 

PAYNE,  ANDERSON,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes  Noveinber  1,  1864  for 
the  war.  Present  or  accoiuited  for  through   December  1864. 

PEEK,  J.  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Staunton.  \'a..  January  20,  1864  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  AVinchester,  Va.,  September  19,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  March  18,  1865. 
Admitted  to  hospital  at   Richmond,  Va.,  March    18,   1865. 

PENDERGRASS,  ILA,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
32,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Louisa  Court  House,  Va.,  of  typhoid  fever 
August'  8,   1861. 

PERKINS,  ANDREW  J.  C,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  15,  March  8.  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  and 
captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1-4,  1863.  Confined  at  West's  Building  Hos- 
pital. Baltimore.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va.,  No- 
xember  17,  1863.  Discharged  at  Richmond.  Va..  December  28.  1864  and  assigned 
to  light  duty  Januaiy  27,  1865  at  Camp  \Vinder  Hospital,  Richmond,  where  he 
was  captured  .\pril  3,   1865  and  paroled  April   19,    1865. 

PHILLIPS,  J.  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes  November  1,  1864  for  the 
war.  Died  in  hospital  at  Petersburg,  Va.,  February  25,  1865. 

PHIPPS,  WILLIAM  YOUNG,  Sergeant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  23,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Pri\ate  and  promoted  to 
Corporal  May— June  1862.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  January  1,  1863.  Captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  September  22,  1804. 
Captured  at  Farmville,  Va.,  April  8,  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va., 
until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June  26,   1865, 

PICKETT,  ASA,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  Count)  where  he  resided  as  a  fanner 
and  enlisted  July  1,  1862  for  the  war.  W'oinided  and  captured  near  Frederick, 
Md.,  July  9-10,  1864  and  corifined  at  ^Vest's  Building  hospital,  Baltimore,  Md., 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  October  1864.  Retired  at  age  35,  February  10,  1865 
by  reason  of    "gunshot  xvoinrd  of  right  eye." 

PICKETT,  E.  WASHINGTON,  Corporal.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  23.  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Sergeant  and  discharged  on 
Surgeon's  Certificate  of  Disability  October  2,  1861.  Re-enlisted  as  Private 
September  22,  1862  and  proraotecl  to  Corporal  January  1,  1863.  Wounded  at 
Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1.  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  \'a.,  No- 
vember 7,   1863  and  confined  at   Point   Lookout,   Md.,   where  he   died. 


332  Thf  Bloody  Sixth 

PICKETT,  HARRISON,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  26,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  on  Surgeon's  Certificate  of  Dis- 
ability October  26,  1861. 

POE,  JOHN  WESLEY,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
37,  May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Paroled 
at  Appomattox  Court  House.  Va.,  April  9,  1865.  • 

POOL,  THADDEUS,  Private.  Resided  in  Wake  County  and  enlisted  in  Orange 
County  at  age  21.  May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Died  in  hospital  at  Fredericksburg, 
Va.,  March  26,  1862. 

POOL,  WILLIAM  DAVID,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  25,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill,  \'a..  June  27,  1862. 
Killed  at  Gettysburg,   Pa..  July   1,  1863. 

POWELL,  E.  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  17,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Strasburg.  Va..  September  23,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md., 
until  paroled  and  exclianged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,   March   19,   1865. 

PROCTOR,  ANDERSON,  Private.  Enlisted  February  27,  1864  for  the  war. 
Died  at  Kinston  of  disease  April  6,  1864. 

PROCTOR,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County  as  a  farmer  and  enlisted 
at  age  21,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md..  September 
17,  1862.  Mortally  wounded  at  Mt.  Jackson,  Va..  September  20,  1864. 

PROCTOR,  STERLING  YANCV,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange 
County  at  age  23,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Missing  in  action  at  Gettysburg, 
Pa.,  July  2,  1863. 

PUGH,  WILLIAM  M.,  Private.  Died  in  hospital  at  Raleigh  of  typhoid  fever 
July  21,  1864. 

REACE,  J.  C,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes  November  1.  1864.  Present  or 
accounted   for   through   December   1864. 

REDMON,  JAMES  KINCHEN,  Pi-ivate.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  20,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July 
21,  1861  and  clischarged  at  Charlottesville.  Va.,  Septenrber  30.  1861  by  reason  of 
wound. 

REDMON,  THADDEUS,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  18,  May  I,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  promoted  to  Cor- 
poral October  1,  1862.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  1,  1863  and  promoted 
to  Sergeant  August  1,  1863.  .-Xppears  as  Private  on  No\ember— December  1864 
Muster  Roll  with  the  remark  that  he  was  "absent  on  application  to  be  retired 
in   N.  C.  since  October   1.    1864." 

RHODES,  CLAUDIUS  JASPER,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  25.  Mav  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill.  Va.,  July  1,  1862. 
Captured  near  Petersburg.  \a.,  February  9,  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out,  Md.,  where   he  died   of   "consumption"   .April    12,    1865. 

RHODES,  WILLIAM  BURTON,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange 
Countv  at  age  21,  May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Killed  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2, 
1863. 

RICE,  J.  D.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes  October  19,  1864  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Farmville,  Va.,  .A.pril  6,  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News, 
Va.,  where  he  died  of  "chronic  diarrhea"  June   11,   1865. 


Roster  333 

RICE,  L.  L.,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes 
October  19,  18(i4  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Fanii\ille.  Va..  ."Vpril  6.  1865  and 
confined  at  Newport  News.  \'a..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .\llegiance 
June  25.   1865. 

RIGSBEE,  HENRY  JACKSON,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  26,  May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher,  Va..  of  typhoid  fever 
December  22.  1861. 

RILEY,  GEORGE  H.\.MILTON,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  17.  .Mav  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Deserted  at  Fredericksburg.  \'a..  .-Vpril  30, 
1863  and  captured  near  Fredericksburg  May  1,  1863.  Paroled  "to  go  north" 
after  taking  Oath  of  .\llegiance  May  2,  1863. 

RILEY',  WILLIAM  DUDLEY,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  19,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  and  captured  near  Frederick,  Md., 
July  9,  1864  and  confined  at  West's  Building  Hospital,  Baltimore,  Md..  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  ^'enus  Point,  Savannah  River,  Ga.,  November  15, 
1864. 

ROSSON,  JAMES  W.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
18,  February  22,  1862  for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863 
and  captured  in  hospital  at  Gettysburg.  Confined  at  DeCamp  General  Hospital, 
David's  Island,  N.  Y.  Harbor,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va  , 
September  8,  1863.  Retired  to  Invalid  Corps  on  September  12,  1864.  Paroled 
at  Greensboro  May  24,   1865. 

SADLER,  ROBERT,  Private.  Resided  in  ^Vake  County  as  a  machinist  and  en- 
listed at  Graham  at  age  37,  May  8,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Culpeper 
Court   House,  \'a.,  by  reason  of   "tertiary   syphillis"   .August   24,    1861. 

SANDERS,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes.  Raleigh,  March  20,  1864 
for   the  war.   .Absent   sick   from   July   22   through   December   1864. 

SELLERS,  G.  C,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh,  March  20.  1864  for 
tlie  war.   .Absent   sick   from   Jidv   22   through   December    1864. 

SETTIPP,  G.  W.,  Private.  Resided  in  Caswell  County.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at 
Wilmington  December  29.  1864  and  returned  to  duty  January  5,  1865.  Paroled 
at  Headquarters,  2nd   Division.  6th   .Army   Corps   May  5,    1865. 

SHAMLY,  'WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Winchester,  \'a..  September  I,  1864  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  Strasburg.  \'a„  September  22.  1864  and  confined  at  Point 
Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point,  Savannah  River, 
Ga.,  November  15,  1864. 

SHEDWICK,  N.,  Private.  Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  3.  1863  and  confined 
at  Fort  Delaware.  Del. 

SHELTON,  JOHN  P.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes.  Raleigh.  .March  20,  1864 
for  the  war.  .Absent  sick  through  December  1864.  Died  from  relapse  of  measles 
in  hospital   in  \'irginia  in   1864. 

SHEPHERD,  J.AMES  MONROE,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  34,  .May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  AVounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September 
17,  1862.  Captured  at  Falling  Waters,  Va.,  July  14.  1863  and  confined  at  Old 
Capital  Prison.  Washington,  D.  C  where  he  took  the  Oath  of  .Amnestv  March 
14,  1864. 


334  The  Bloodv  Sixth 

SHERMAN,  J.  J.,  Private.  Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  3,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Fort  Delaware,  Del. 

SHIELDS,  JOHN  CABE,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
30.  May  8.  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  upon  furnishing  Ira  W.  Nichols  as  a 
substitiue  February  10.  1862. 

SIKES,  J.  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  20.  1864  for  the  war.  .\bsent 
sick  .August   10  through  December  1864. 

SMITH,  GEORGE  W.,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  as  a  farmer  and  en- 
listed at  age  IS.  September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  Va., 
March  25.  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  released  after 
taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  May  14,  1865. 

SMITH,  J.  W.,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  Va., 
March  25.  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after  taking 
Oath  of  Allegiance  May  14,  1865. 

TALLEY,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes.  Raleigh.  March  20,  1864 
for  the  war.  .Absent  wounded  in  hospital  at  Raleigh  from  April  18.  1864  through 
December  1864. 

TERRY,  JAMES,  Private.  Resided  as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County 
at  age  30,  September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through 
December  1864. 

TURNER,  JOHN  WILLIAM,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  23,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September 
17.  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a.,  November  7.  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing, 
Va.,  Februai-y  25— March  3,  1865.  Paroled  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  at 
Point   Lookout.   Md.,  June  21.    1865. 

TURNER,  LYCURGUS,  Sergeant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
20.  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Corporal  and  wounded  at  Gaines' 
Mill,  Va.,  June  27.  1862.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  July  15,  1862.  Killed  at  Gettys- 
burg, Pa.,  July  I,   1863. 

VICKERS,  HIRAM,  Sergeant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
24.  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private.  Woimded  at  Battle  of  First 
Manassas  July  21,  1861  and  at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  31.  1862.  Promoted  to 
Corporal  May  12— .August  31,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va., 
November  7,  1863.  .Appears  on  Muster  Roll  of  Paroled  Prisonei-s  admitted 
to  hospital  at  Richmond.  Va.,  prior  to  .August  31,  1864.  Paroled  as  Sergeant  at 
Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  .April  9,  1865. 

VICKERS,  THOMAS,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  22,  September  15,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Rich- 
mond. Va.,  of  "chronic  diarrhea"  March   1,   1863. 

VICKERS,  WILLIAM   RILEY,   Private.     Resided  and   enlisted  in   Orange  County 

at  age  28.  May  1,   1861   for  the  war.  Discharged  by  reason  of  "phthisis"  .August 
17.   1861. 

WARD,  H.,  Private.  Resided  in  Jackson  County.  Enlisted  at  Strasburg,  Va.,  July 
22,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Strasburg  Septeirrber  23,  1864  and  confined 
at  Point  LookoiU,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  Wharf, 
James  River,  Va.,  January  2L  1865.  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee,  near  Richmond, 
\'a.,  JanuaiT  26,  1865. 


Roster  335 

WARREN,  DAVID  CROCKETT,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange 
Countv  at  age  24,  May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  ^Volnlded  and  captured  at  Sharps- 
burg.  Md..  September  17.  18(32  and  confined  at  Fort  McHenry.  Baltimore.  Md., 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  October  19.  1862. 
\Vounded   May   16.   1863.   Present  or  accounted   for   through   December   1864. 

W.\RREN,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  20,  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled   at    -Appomattox    Court    House,   \a.,    .\pril   9,    1865. 

WILKERSON,  MADISON,  Sergeant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  35.  May  1.  1861  for  the  war.  Nfustered  in  as  Private  and  promoted  to  Cor- 
poral September— October  1861.  Promoted  to  1st  Sergeant  January  1,  1863. 
Mortally    wounded    at    Gettysburg.    Pa..   July   2.    1863. 

WILLET,  ORAN  WALKER,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County 
at  age  40,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  .\shland,  Va.,  of  typhoid  pneimronia 
May  15,  1862. 

WILLL-iMS,  DANIEL,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes.  Raleigh.  March  20, 
1864  for  the  war.  .\ppcars  as  absent  without  leave  after  -\ugust   8,   1864. 

WOODS,  JOHN  HERBERT,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  lie  en- 
listed at  age  21,  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher,  \'a..  of  typhoid 
fever  January  15,   1862. 

WOODS,  ^VILLIAM,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
faraier  and  enlisted  at  age  25.  May  1,  1861  for  the  war.  'Wounded  and  captured 
at  Seven  Pines,  \'a.,  May  31,  1862  and  admitted  to  hospital  at  Fort  Monroe, 
Va.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  August  5,  1862.  Dis- 
charged at  Lynchburg,  Va.,  July  18,  1863,  because  of  wound  received  at  Seven 
Pines. 

WRAY,  A.  C,  Private.  Born  in  Guilford  County  where  he  resided  as  a  famrer. 
Enlisted  at  Camp  Hohnes,  Raleigh,  November  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Discharged 
at  Camp  near  Petersburg.  Va..  by  reason  of  "chronic  rheumatism  of  the 
muscles  of  his  spinal   coliuim"   March   29,   1865. 


COMPANY  D 

OFFICERS 
CAPTAINS 

TATE,  SAMUEL  McDOWELL.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age 
30  and  appointed  Captain  by  Governor  Ellis  to  rank  from  Mav  16.  1861. 
Promoted  to  Major  June  11.  1862  and  transferred  to  Field  &  Staff. 

PEARSON,  DUNCAN  C.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  21  and 
appointed  1st  Lieutenant  by  Governor  Ellis  to  rank  from  May  16,  1861. 
Promoted  to  Captain  June  11,  1862.  Resigned  by  reason  of  health  January  21, 
1863  and  upon  his  request  was  assigned  as  EnroUiirg  Officer,  9th  Congressional 
District.   Paroled   as   Captain   Invalid   Corps   at   Morganton   May    13,    1865. 

RAY,  NEILL  W.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Cumberland  County  at  age  21  and 
appointed  2nd  Lieutenant  by  Governor  Ellis  to  rank  from  May  16,  1861. 
Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  June  11,  1862  and  to  Captain  January  21,  1863. 
\\'ounded  at  Bethesda  Church,  \'a..  May  30.  1864  and  leg  amputated.  Retired 
to  Inxalid  Corps  December  22,  1864. 


336  The  Bloody  Sixth 

LIEUTENANTS 

CARSON,  JOHN,  1st  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  McDowell  County  and  enlisted  at 
age  32  and  appointed  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant  by  Governor  Ellis  to  rank  from  May 
16,  1861.  Promoted  to  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant  June  11,  1862  and  wounded  at 
Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17,  1862.  Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  January 
21,  1863.  Resigned  March  10,  1864  by  reason  of  disability  caused  by  wound. 
Became  Captain  of  Company  A,  Major  A.  C.  Avery's  Battalion  Local  Defense. 

FLEMING,  WOOD  W.,  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  McDowell  County  and  ap- 
pointed 2nd  Lieutenant  in  1864.  Wounded  at  Liberty,  Va.,  June  19,  1861. 
Paroled   at   .'\ppomattox    Court    House.   Va.,    .April   9,    1865. 

SNIPES,  MARTIN  L.,  2nd  Lieutenant.     Enlisted  at   Charlotte  at  age  22.   May  28, 

1861  for  the  war  and  mustered  in  as  Private.  \Vounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa., 
July  1-2,  1863.  .Appointed  Sergeant  January  1,  1864  and  elected  2nd  Lieutenant 
November  7,  1864.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  .April  9,  1865. 

WARLICK,  LEWIS,  1st  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at 
Charlotte  at  age  18,  May  28.  1861  for  the  war  and  appointed  Sergeant  same 
day.  Promoted  to  1st  Sergeant  September  1.  1862  and  appointed  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant 
December  2,  1862  and  promoted  to  Sr  2nd  Lieiuenant  .August  26,  1863.  Captured 
at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Johnson's 
Island,  Ohio.  Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  while  a  prisoner  of  war  January  21, 
1864.  Released  after  taking  Oath   of  .Allegiance  June   13.   1865. 

NON-COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS  AND  PRIVATES 

ACRETT,  P.,  Private.  Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  3,  1863  and  confined  at 
Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until   transferred  to  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  October  18,   1863. 

ADAMS,  REUBEN,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  24,  June  27,  1861  for  the  war.  Dis- 
charged at  Camp  Fisher,  Va.,  by  reason  of  general  debility  February  17,   1862. 

ASHCRAFT,  A.  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Union  County  March  30,  1864  for  the 
war.  Captured  at  Fisher's  Hill,  Va.,  September  22,  1864  and  confined  at  Point 
Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point,  Savannah  River, 
Ga.,  November  15,  1864. 

AUSTIN,  E.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Stokes  October  26,  1864  for  the  war. 
Appears  as  "paroled  prisoner"  on   November— December  1864  Muster  Roll. 

iUTRY,  JASPER  A.,  Private.     Enlisted  in  McDowell  County  at  age  18,  March  12, 

1862  for  the  war.  Deserted  near  Fredericksburg.  \'a.,  .April  8,  1862  and  arrested 
and  delivered  to  Camp   Holmes  July  24,   1863. 

BAILEY,  PORTLAND,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte 
at  age  19.  May  28,  1861   for  the  war.  Executed  for  desertion  February  28,   1863. 

BAILEV,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Morganton  at  age  18,  March  20,  1862 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Boonesboro,  Md.,  September  16,  1862  and  con- 
fined at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing, 
Va.,  November  10,  1862.  Wounded  at  Chancellorsville,  Va.,  May  4.  1863. 
Captured  in  Pennsylvania  July  5,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del., 
until  transferred  to  Point  Lookout,  Md..  October  18,  1863.  Paroled  and  ex- 
changed at  City  Point,  Va.,  March  20.  1864.  Wounded  at  Winchester,  Va., 
September  19,   1864.   Paroled  at   Burkeville,  Va.,  April   14-17,   1865. 


Roster  337 

BAKER,  JAMES  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  19.  Mav  28.  1861  for 
the  war.   Mortally   wounded   at   Seven   Pines.   Va..   May   31.   1862. 

BAKER,  J.ASPER,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Morganton  November  17.  1864  for  the 
war.   Paroled   at  .Appomattox   Court   House.   Va..   .April   9.    1865. 

B.4KER,  MARTIN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Morganton  at  age  25.  March  7.  1862 
for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill.  \'a..  July  1.  1862.  Captured  at  Rap- 
pahannock Station,  \'a.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md., 
until   paroled   and   exchanged   at    Boulware's   Wharf,   James   River,   Va.,    March 

19,   1865. 

B.4NGLE,  M.ARCUS,  Private.  Enlisted  in  McDowell  County  March  4.  1862  for 
the  war.   Missing  in   action   at  Rappahannock   Station,   Va..   November   7,    1863. 

BANGLE,  PHILLIP,  Private.  Enlisted  in  McDowell  Countv  March  4.  1862  for 
the  war.  Died  of  tvphoid  fever  July   1862. 

BARKER,    W.,    Private.     Captured    at    Rappahannock    Station.    \a..    November    7. 

1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  Februarv 
18,  1865. 

BEAVER,  S.  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  .March  30.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Strasburg.  Va.,  September  23,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md., 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  March   19.  1865. 

BERRV,  ALEXANDER  L.,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at 
Charlotte  at  age  22,  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  Second 
Manassas  .-Vugust  30,  1862  and  died  of  wounds  October  1.  1862. 

BERRV,  ELISHA,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  44,  February  18,  1862 
tor  the  war.  Sent  to  hospital  January  4,  1864  with  "tumor"  and  detailed  with 
Captain    Samuel    B.    Waters'    Company.    Provost    Guard,    Raleigh,    January    16, 

1864  through  December  1864. 

BERRY,  GEORGE  W.,  Private.  Transferred  front  Company  E.  this  regiment, 
June  1861.  \Vounded  and  captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  \'z..  November  7, 

1863.  Died  in  hospital   at   Washington,   D.   C,   Noxeraber   10,    1863. 

BERRY,  JAMES  D.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  18,  June 
15,  1861  for  the  war  and  mustered  in  as  Private.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  \a.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until 
paroled  and   exchanged   at   \'enus    Point.    Savannah    Ri\er,    Ga.,    November    15, 

1864.  Present  or  accounted  for   through   December   1864   as   Private.    Paroled   as 
Sergeant  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  .\pril  9.   1865. 

BERRV,  SIDNEY  E.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  18. 
March  20.   1862   for  the  war.   Died  at   .Ashland,  Va.,  of  measles  April    15,    1862. 

BERRY,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Pitt  County  .\pril  30,  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court   House,   Va.,  .April  9.    1865. 

BOLICK,  .\BRAHAM,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte 
at  age  22,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Killed  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17, 
1862. 

BOLICK,  B.  D.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Henrico  County,  \'a.,  .-April  29,  1864  for  the 
war.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  .April  9,   1865. 


338  The  Bloody  Sixth 

BOST,  LEANDER  S.,  Priiate.  Transferred  from  Company  E,  this  regiment, 
June  1861.  Woimded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md..  September  17.  1862,  and  again  at 
Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2,  1863,  where  he  was  captured  in  a  hospital.  Confined 
at  West's  Building  Hospital,  Baltimore,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged 
at  City  Point,  Va.,  November  17.  1863.  Retired  to  Invalid  Corps  October  25, 
1864  and  January  27,  1865.  Originally  assigned  to  post  at  Salisbury  but  trans- 
ferred to  Army  of  Northern  Virginia  March  16,  1865.  Captured  in  hospital 
at  Richmond.  Va..  April  3.   1865.   Paroled  April  22,   1865. 

BOWDEN,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  15,  1864  for  the  war. 
Died  at  Staunton,  Va..  of  disease  August  1.   1864. 

BOWM,4N,  DAVID,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  33,  June  20. 
1861   for  the  war.   Discharged   by  reason   of   disability   .April    1864. 

BRANCH,  CHARLES  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  26.  June 
27,  1861  for  the  war.  Mortally  wounded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md..  Septeml^er  17, 
1862. 

BRANCH,  HARRISON  C,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  19, 
February  24.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a.,  No- 
vember 7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  ex- 
changed at  Venus  Point,  Savannah  River,  Ga.,  November  15,  1864.  Admitted 
to  hospital  of  3rd  Division,  9th  Army  Corps,  U.  S.  Amiy,  March  25,   1865. 

BRANCH,  MARTIN  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  in  Alamance 
County  at  age  22,  June  27,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va., 
July   1.   1862.  Killed  at  Sharpsburg.  Md.,  September   17,   1862. 

BRANCH,  NEWTON  A.,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  mechanic  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  23.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war. 
Appointed  Corporal  September  1,  1862.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1, 
1863  and  captured  in  hospital  at  Gettysburg.  Confined  at  DeCamp  General 
Hospital,  David's  Island.  N.  V.  Harbor,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City 
Point,  Va.,  September  27,  1863.  Absent  wounded  through  December  1864  and 
reduced  to  Private  because  of  disability.  Retired  to  Invalid  Corps  February  3, 
1865.   Took   Oath   of  Allegiance   at    Raleigh   June   3,    1865. 

BRANCH,   WALLACE   A.,   Private.     Enlisted  in   Burke  County   at   age  22,    March 

20,   1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2,  1863.  Wounded  at 
New  Bern  and  died  of  wound  in  hospital  at  Goldsboro  June  1,   1864. 
BRANTLEY,  B.,  Private.     Paroled  at  Greensboro  May   16,   1865. 

BRITTAIN,  ALFRED,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  22,  May  28.  1861  for 
the  war.  Killed  near  Fredericksburg.  Va.,  May  4,  1863. 

BRITTAIN,  JOHN  Q.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  25,  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  Wounded  near  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  May  4.  1863.  Captured  at  Rap- 
pahannock Station.  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  March   16,   1865. 

BRITTAIN,  JOSEPH  L.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  17,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Land- 
ing. Va.,  March   16,  1865. 

BROOM,  J.  M.,  Private.  Born  in  Union  County.  Resided  as  a  farmer  prior  to 
enlistment  at  Raleigh  March  15,  1864  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for 
through  December  1864. 


Roster  339 

BROWX,  BURTON  C,  Corporal.  Born  in  Catawba  County  and  enlisted  in 
Alamance  County  at  age  21.  June  20,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private 
and  wounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  August  30.  1862.  Promoted  to 
Corporal   October  1.   1862.  Died  of  wound  same  dav. 

BROWN,  E.  B.,  Private.  Died  at  Lynchburg.  \'a.,  date  unknown,  and  claim 
filed   for  effects  January  2,   1864. 

BROWN,  HENRY,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  15,  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House.  \a.,  .April  9,   1865. 

BURGESS,  JOHN  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  21,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Malvern  Hill.  \a.,  July  1,  1862  and  sent  home 
by  Medical  Examining  Board. 

BURGESS,   L.  R.,  Private.     Enlisted   in   Mecklenburg   County    May   28,    1861. 

BURGESS,  WILLIAM  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  26,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  3-5,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort 
Delaware,  Del.,  until  transferred  to  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  October  15,  1863. 
Paroled  and  e.xchanged  at  Coxes  Wharf,  James  River,  Va.,  February  20-21, 
1865.  Paroled  at  Morganton  May  25,   1865. 

BURGIN,  JOHN  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  McDowell  County  February  24.  1862 
for  the  war.  Furloughed  for  60  days  October  25.  1862  and  absent  without  lea\e 
after  February  1863. 

CARLTON,  JOHN,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  enlisted  at  age  33 
February  24,   1862  for  the  war.   Killed   at   Gettysburg.   Pa..  July   1-2.    1863. 

CARSON,  WILLIAM  L.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  20,  June 
15,  1861  for  the  war.  \\'ounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17,  1862  and 
died  of  wound  October  17.  1862. 

CATLETT,  S.  T.,  Private.     Paroled  in  hospital  at  Greensboro  in  1865. 

CHESTER,  J.  B.,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  as  a  farmer  where  he  en- 
listed September  15,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Winchester.  \'a.,  July  20, 
1864  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Coxes  Wharf.  James  River,  \a.,  March   10-12,  1865. 

CHESTER,  SIDNEY  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  October  28.  1863  for 
the  war.   Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court   House.  \'a..  .April   9.   1865. 

CHESTER,  S.  JONES,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County,  \'a..  December  4.  1863 
for   the   war.   Present    or   accounted   for  through    Deceinber    1864. 

CHESTER,  WILLIAM  F.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Catawba  County  at  age  19,  March 
20,  1862  for  the  war.  \\'ounded  at  .Middletown,  \'a.,  October  19,  1864  and  sent 
to  hospital. 

CLINE,  D.4VID  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Rowan  County  at  age  19,  Februai7  21, 
1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond,  \'a.,  of  "hydrothorax"  September  17,  1862. 

COLEMAN,  ALFRED  F.,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  enlisted  at 
age  18,  February  24,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Williamsburg,  Va.,  May  1,  1862. 

COLEMAN,  THEODORE,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  19,  May  28,  1861 
lor  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Jones,  Va..,  of  "entei-itis"  September  5,   1861. 


340  The  Bloody  Sixth 

CONNOR,  C.  AUGUSTUS,  Corporal.  Resided  in  Catawba  County  and  enlisted 
at  Charlotte  at  age  21,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  .Mustered  in  as  Private  and 
appointed  Corporal  October  15.  1861.  Wounded  in  engagements  near  Richmond, 
Va.,  June  27-July  1,  1862.  Transferred  as  Private  to  Company  I,  49th  Regiment 
N.  C.  Troops  October  1,  1862.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  October  15,  1862  and 
elected  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant  March  16.  1863  and  promoted  to  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant 
February  26,  1864.  Captured  at  Dinwiddle  Court  House,  Va.,  .^pril  1,  1865  and 
confined  at  Johnson's  Island,  Ohio,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance 
June  18,  1865. 

CONNOR,  ROWELL  P.,  1st  Sergeant.  Resided  in  Catawba  County  and  enlisted 
at  Charlotte  at  age  24,  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  1st  Sergeant. 
Killed  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August  30.  1862. 

COOK,  CALVIN,  1st  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  17.  June  15. 
1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  May  1— October 
31,  1862.  .Appointed  1st  Sergeant  December  15.  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahan- 
nock Station.  \'a.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md., 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  Wharf,  James  River,  Va.,  March 
16.   1865. 

COOK,  DAVID,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  as  a  fanner  where  he  enlisted 
September  15.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  No- 
vember 7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  where  he  died  of  "chronic 
dysentery"  May  29,  1865. 

COON,  ROBERT  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  18,  November  30, 
1861  for  the  war.  'Wounded  at  Seven  Pines.  Va.,  May  31,  1862,  Captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout. 
Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Wharf,  James  River,  Va.,  February 
14-15,  1865.  Paroled  at  Statesville  May  21,  1865. 

COOPER,  WILLI.AM,  Private.  Resided  in  Yancey  County  as  a  farmer.  Captured 
at  Winchester,  A'a..  July  20.  1864  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  City   Point,  Va..  March    10-12,    1865. 

COSBY,  THOMAS  E.,  Sergeant.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at  Char- 
lotte at  age  26.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed 
Corporal  .August  31.  1864.  Wounded  and  admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond. 
Va.,  March  27.  1865  where  he  was  captured  .April  3,  1865.  Paroled  after  taking  , 
Oath  of  .Allegiance  at  Newport  News.  Va.,  June  25,  1865.  .Appears  as  Sergeant 
on  1865  records. 

CURTIS,  ALEXANDER  G.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  McDowell  County  at  age  18, 
Februai7  27.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va..  No- 
vember 7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  ex- 
changed at  Venus  Point.  Savannah  River,  Ga.,  November   15,   1864. 

CURTIS,  JACOB  S.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  21,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  October  15.  1861. 
Promoted  to  Sergeant  May  1-October  31.  1862.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill.  Va., 
July  1.  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's 
AVharf.  James  River,  Va.,  March  16,  1865.  Paroled  at  Morganton  May   15.   1865. 

CURTIS,  J.  .AUGUSTUS,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  24.  May  28,  186! 
for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Jones,  \'a..  of  fever  September  5.   1861. 


Illf 


(01 

.'9, 


Roster  341 

DAVIS,    J.    B.,    Private.     Enlisted    in    McDowell    County   at    age    21,    February    20, 

1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va.,  July  1,  1862  and  again  near 
Fredericksburg,  Va.,  May  4,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va., 
November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  ex- 
changed  at   Aiken's   Landing.   Va.,   May   8,    1864. 

DE.4L,  SIDNEY,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County.  Resided  as  a  fanner  and  en- 
listed at  Charlotte  at  age  21,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Transferred  to  C.  S. 
Navy  September  3.   1863  and  ordered  to  report   to  Charleston,  S.  C. 

DENNIS,  JOHN  F.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  28.  No\ember  30, 
1861  for  the  war.  'Wounded  at  Se\en  Pines.  \a..  Mav  31.  1862.  Present  or 
accounted  for  through  Februan'  1864. 

DILLON,  WILLIAM  F.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Union  Cotmty  March  15,  1864  for 
the  war.  Wounded  at  Middletown,  \'a.,  October  19.  1864  and  furloughed  from 
hospital  at  Charlotte  November  9,  1864. 

DOBBINS,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  in  McDowell  County  at  age  43.  February 
21,  1862  for  the  war.  ^\"ounded  at  Mahern  Hill.  \'a..  July  1.  1862  and  absent 
wounded  through  December  1864. 

DOUGLAS,  ELAM,  Private.  Born  in  Cataivba  Coiintv  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  18.  March  19,  1862  for  three  year's  in  Company  I, 
49th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops.  Transferred  to  this  company  and  regiment 
October  1,  1862.  Captured  at  Winchester,  Va.,  July  20,  1864  and  confined  at 
Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Wharf.  James  River, 
Va.,  March  10-12.  1865. 

DUCKWORTH,  GEORGE,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  30.  March 
7,    1862   for   the    war.    Captured    at    Rappahannock    Station.    Va..    November    7. 

1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Coxes  Wharf,  James  River,  Va.,  February  14-15,  1865.  Paroled  at  Salisbury 
May  25,  1865. 

DUCKWORTH,  LUCIUS,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  21.  March 
7,  1862  for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Malvern  Hill.  \'a..  July  1,  1862  and  absent 
wounded  until  discharged  at  Raleigh  bv  reason  of  "non  compos  mentis"  January 
19,   1864.  Paroled  at  Salisbury   May  25',   1865. 

DUCKWORTH,  ^VILLIAM,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  where  he  enlisted 
September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Petersburg,  Va.,  April  3,  1865  and 
confined  at  Hart's  Island.  N.  V.  Harbor,  tmtil  released  after  taking  Oath  of 
Allegiance  June  18.   1865. 

ELLISON,  H.  C,  Private.     Paroled  at  Greensboro   May    16.    1865. 

ENGLAND,  JAMES,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  enlisted  at  age 
18,  March  28,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  ^\'illiamsburg,  Va..   May   1.   1862. 

FERRELL,  J.  H.,  Private.  Captured  at  Mechanics\ille.  \a..  May  27,  1864  and 
confined  at  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .-Mlegiance  May 
29,  1865. 

FERRELL,  JOHN  HENRY,  Private.  Born  in  .Montgomery  County.  Resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  18,  July  15,  1861  for 
the  war.  Discharged  at  Camp  Jones,  ^'a..  by  reason  of  disabilitv  .-August  19,  1861. 

FERRILL,  EDWARD,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .-Vlamance  County  at  age  20.  June  15, 
1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,   Md..   where  he  died   September   8,    1864. 


342  The  Bloody  Sixth 

FERRILL,  JOHN  H.,  Private.  Resided  in  McDowell  County  and  enlisted  in 
Burke  County  at  age  18,  February  24,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  on  Chicha- 
horainy  River,  Va.,  May  30.  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point,  Savannah  River,  Ga.,  November  15, 
1864.  Captured  at  Farmville,  Va.,  .April  6,  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News, 
Va.,  until  released  on  taking  Oath  of  .\llegiance  June  15,  1865. 

FRITTS,  DANIEL  H.,  Sergeant.  Resided  in  Da\idson  County  and  enlisted  in 
Alamance  County  at  age  21.  June  19,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private. 
Wounded  at   Malvern   Hill,   Va.,  July   1,   1862.   Appointed  Sergeant   October   18, 

1862.  Wounded  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7.  1863.  .Appointed 
Sergeant-Major   December   22.   1864   and   transferred   to    the   Field   and   Staff. 

GIBSON,  RAYMAN,  Private.  Captured  at  Charlestown,  Va.,  .-August  22,  1864 
and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del. 

H.4CKETT,  PATRICK,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  33,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  4,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort 
Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va..  October 
5,  1864. 

HARBIN,  MILTON  G.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  McDowell  County  at  age  18,  February 
21,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va..  July  1,  1862.  Appears 
as  "absent  without  leave  since  .August  1,  1862,  with  58th  Regiment  N.  C. 
Troops"  on  Muster  Rolls  through  October  1863.  Does  not  appear  on  rolls  of 
58th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops. 

HEWrr,  HENRY,  Private.  Resided  in  Catawba  County  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh 
March  10,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  \'a.,  March  25,  1865  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  luitil  released  on  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance 
June  27,  1865. 

HILDEBRANT),  D.  ALBURTO,  Corporal.     Enlisted  at   Charlotte  at   age   19,   May 

28,  1861  for  the  war  and  mustered  in  as  Private.  Appointed  Corporal  May  1- 
October  31,  1862.  Wounded  at  Somerville  Ford,  Va..  September  16.  1863  and 
at  Waynesboro,  Va.,  September  7,  1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House, 
Va.,  April  9,  1865. 

HILDEBRAND,  JULIUS,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  22,  1862 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  May  3,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout,  Md..  mitil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City   Point,  Va.,  May  23, 

1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a.,  November  7,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout  tuitil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va., 
February  23-March  3,  1865. 

HOBSON,  I.,  Private.     Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  16,   1865. 

HOLDER,    JESSE,  Private.     Transferred    from    Company    E,    this    regiment,    June 

1861.  'Wounded  near  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  May  4,  1863.  Captured  at  Petersburg, 

Va.,   March  25,  1865  and   confined  at   Point   Lookout,   Md.,   until   paroled   after 

taking  Oath  of  Allegiance   May   13,   1865. 

HORN,  ^V.  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Union  County  March  22,  1864  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Strasburg.  \'a.,  October  19,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Wharf,  James  River,  Va..  February 
14-15,  1865. 


Roster  343 

HOUK,  ABRAHAM  W.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  21,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Corporal  and  promoted  to  Sergeant  .\pril  1,  1862. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point,  Savannah 
River,  Ga.,  November  15.  1864.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va., 
.April  9,   1865. 

HOUK,  GEORGE,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp 
Stokes  October  26,  1864  for  the  war.  \VouncIed  and  captured  near  Petersburg, 
Va..  March  25,  1865  and  sent  to  hospital  at  Washington,  D.  C.  Released  after 
taking  Oath   of  -\llegiance  June   12,    1865. 

HOUK,  GEORGE  WILLIAM,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  Countv  where  he  en- 
listed September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va., 
November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Mci..  until  paroled  and  ex- 
changed at  .-Viken's  Landing,  \'a..  May  8,  1864.  Captured  at  Farmville,  Va., 
.\pril  6.  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  ^'a.,  until  released  on  taking 
Oath  of  .-Allegiance  June  25,  1865. 

HOLTK,  LAWSON  L.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  19,  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.   Killed   at   Sharpsburg,   Md.,  September   17,   1862. 

HOUK,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  25,  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  Captured  .\ugust  21,  1864  and  confined  at  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  until  transferred 
for  exchange  October  11,  1864.  Paroled  at  .\ppomattox  Court  House,  Va., 
April  9,   1865. 

HUFMAN,  CYRUS,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Pitt  County  .\pril  28.  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  -\ppomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April  9,  1865. 

JACKSON,  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  15,  1864  for  the  war.  Sent  home 
on  furlough  June  17,  1864. 

JARRETT,  .\BS.\LOM,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  Coimty  where  he  resided  as  a 
fai-mer  and  enlisted  July  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  Second 
Manassas  .\ugust  30.   1862  and  died  of  wound   about   October   1.    1862. 

JENKLNS,  DANIEL  R.,  Private.  Resided  in  Gaston  County  and  conscripted 
March  1864.  Captured  at  Mechanicsville,  \'a.,  May  30,  1864  and  confined  at 
Elmira,  N.  Y.,  until  released  on  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  May   13,   1865. 

KALE,  COATSWORTH,  Private.  Enlisted  in  -Alamance  County  at  age  18,  June 
20,  1861  for  the  war.  .Accidentally  wounded  June  28,  1862.  Captured  at  Rap- 
pahannock Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  aucl  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md., 
where  he  died  of  "chronic  dysentery"  February   15,   1865. 

KALE,  LOGAN  L.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  31,  June  20, 
1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Strasburg,  A'a.,  September  23,  1864  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  on  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June 
3,  1865, 

KELLER,  REUBEN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  25,  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  \\'ounded  at  Seven  Pines,  \'a.,  .May  31,  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahan- 
nock Station,  \'a..  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  ^\^larf,  James  River,  Va.,  Februai7  14-15,  1865. 
Paroled  at  Salisbury  .May  25,   1865. 

KIRK,  DAVID,  Private.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7, 
1863  and  confined  at   Point   Lookout.   Md. 


344  The  Bloody  Sixth 

KYLE,  HENRY,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Maiion  at  age  38.  March  30,  1862  for  the 
war.  Wounded  in  leg.  causing  amputation,  at  Gettysburg,  Pa„  July  1,  1863  and 
captured  in  hospital  at  Gettysljuig.  Paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va„ 
November  17,  1863.  Retired  to  Invalid  Corps  October   10,   1864, 

LAWSON,  G.  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  I'l.  1864  for  the  war.  Cap- 
tured at  Fisher's  Hill,  Va.,  .Septeinber  22.  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  Wharf,  James  River,  Va., 
March   19.  1865. 

LEWIS,  GEORGE,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  35,  June  17,  1861 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Land- 
ing, Va.,  February  25— March  3,  1865.  Furloughed  from  hospital  at  Richmond, 
Va.,  March  8,  1865. 

LIMBERRY',  E.,  Private.     Paroled  at  Greensboro   May   12,   1865. 

LOWMAN,  MARTIN  L.,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  as  a  farmer  and  en- 
listed in  Rowan  County  at  age  16,  February  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Winchester,  Va.,  July  20,  1864  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va..  March  10-12,   1865. 

LUCKSO,  S.,   Private.     Resided  in  Wake  County  and  enlisted   March   15,    1864. 

MARTIN,  L.  ALLEN,  Private.     Enlisted  in  .Alainance  County  at  age  44.  June   15, 

1861    lor   the   war.    Wounded    at   Se\'en    Pines,   Va..    May    31,    1862   and   died    of 
wound  June  10,   1862. 

MARTIN,  SAMUEL,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  47,  June  15. 
1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Williamsburg,  Va.,  of  pneumonia  May  1,  1862. 

MAYTIELD,  HENRY,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  at  age  44,  February  18,  1862  for  the  war.  Discharged  by  reason  of 
disability  July  12,  1862. 

MAYFIELD,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  \'ance  March  2,  1864  for  the 
war.   Present   or  accounted   for  through   December   1864. 

McCARTER,  JERRY',  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  35,  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va„  November  7,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout,  Md,,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Landing, 
James  River,  Va,,  February  14-15,   1865. 

McGALLIAD,  S.  W.,  Private.     Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va„  November 
7,   1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  » 
Boulware's   Wharf,   James  Rixer,  Va,,   March    18,   1865. 

McGALLIARD,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  22,  1862 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  \'a..  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md,.  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Land- 
ing, \'a„  February  25-March   3,   1865. 

McGALLIARD,  M.  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Pitt  County  April  30,  1864  for  the 
war.   Present  or  accounted   for  through   December   1864. 

McGALLIARD,  THOMAS  M.,  Corporal.     Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  28, 

1861  for  the  war  and  mustered  in  as  Corporal,  Died  at  Camp  Jones,  Va„  of  fever 
September  4,  1861. 

McMASTER,  EMSLEY,  Private.     Paroled  at  Greenville  May  8.   1865. 


Roster  345 

McNEELY,  HARVEY  T.,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  where  he  enUsted 
at  age  20,  March  7.  1862  for  the  war.  ^Vounded  in  light  leg  at  Gaines'  Mill, 
Va.,  June  27,  1862  causing  amputation.  .Absent  wounded  through  December  1864. 

McNEELY,  J,\SON,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  30,  May  28.  1861  for  the 
war.  Captured  at  Rappaliannock  .Station.  Va..  November  7.  186.3  and  confined 
at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  \'enus  Point,  Savannah 
River,  Ga..  November  l,').   1864.  Died  in  hospital  December   16.   1864. 

McNEELY,  SAMUEL,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Pitt  County  May  30.  1864  for  the  war. 
Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

McNEELY,  THOMAS,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Vance  March  2,  1864  for  the 
war.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House.  \'a..  .April  9,   1865. 

MITCHELL,  JOHN  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  27.  May  28.  1861 
for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August  29-30,  1862,  Cap- 
tured at  Strasburg,  \a..  September  23.  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md., 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point,  Savannah  River,  Ga.,  November 
15,  1864. 

MORGAN,  PINCKNEY  A.,  Private.  Born  in  Greenville.  S.  C.  Resided  as  a  farmer 
in  Burke  Comity  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  18.  May  28.  1861  for  the 
war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point   LookoiU,   Md.,   until   released   on   joining   the    U.   S.   -Army    February    19, 

1864.  Mustered  into  Company  E,  1st  Regiment  U.  S.  Volunteers  at  Norfolk, 
Va.,  May  1,  1864  for  three  years.  .Appointed  Corporal  February  19,  1864  and 
promoted  to  Sergeant  .April  24.  1865.  Mustered  out  at  Fort  Leavenworth, 
Kansas.    November   27,    1365. 

MOSES,  MOULTON,  Private.     Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age   19.  June   15, 

1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's 
^Vharf.  James    River.   \'a.,    March    16,    1865. 

MULL,  D.AVID,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  27.  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  \\'ounded  at  Gettyslmrg,  Pa.,  July  2,  1863  and  died  in  hospital  at  Gettys- 
burg Julv  6,  1863. 

MULL,  PETER,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  35.  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  Wotmded  and  captined  at  Sharpsburg.  Md.,  September  17,  1862,  Released 
after  taking  Oath  of  Amnesty  October  9,  1862. 

MURPHY,  ANDREW,  Private.  Knlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  28,  1861  foi 
the  war.  \\'ounded  at  Malvern  Hill.  \'a.,  July  1,  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahan- 
nock Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until 
paroled   and   exchanged   at    Coxes   Landing,   James   River,   Va.,    February    14-15, 

1865.  Paroled  at  Salisbury  May  25,  1865. 

MURPHY,  MARTIN,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
carpenter  and  enlisted  at  age  29,  February  24,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  .Ash- 
land. Xa.,  of  measles  .April  16,  1862. 

MURRAY,  JAMES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  29,  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  Deserted  near  Hagerstown,  Md.,  September  14,   1862. 

NASH,  JOSEPH,  Private.  Enlisted  in  McDowell  County  March  18,  1864  for  the 
war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December   1864. 

NASH,  SOLOMON,  Private.  Enlisted  in  McDowell  County  March  18.  1864  for 
the  war.  Paroled  at   .Appomattox   Court   House,  Va.,   April  9,   1865. 


346  The  Bloody  Sixth 

NOBLET,  JOHN  J.,  Private.  Born  in  McDowell  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  25.  February  23,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp 
near  Richmond.  \'a..  of  typhoid  fever  June  8.  1862. 

O'NEAL,  JAMES  McK.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  62,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher,  \'a.,  of  fever  and  parahsis  November  26. 
1861. 

O'NEIL,  LOFTON,   Private.     Captured   at    Rappaliannock   Station.   Va.,   November 

7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  exchanged  February  13,  1865. 

PANGLE,  MARCUS,  Private.  Enlisted  at  age  22.  March  24,  1862.  Captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  luitil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  Wharf,  James  River,  Va„  March 

16,   1865. 

PANGLE,  PHILIP,  Private.  Born  in  Lincoln  County,  resided  in  Burke  County, 
and  enlisted  in  McDowell  County  at  age  19,  March  4,  1862  for  the  war.  Died 
at  Richmond.  \'a.,  of  disease  July  26,  1862. 

PASCHALL,  A.  P.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  10.  1864  for  the  war. 
.Absent  sick  from  June  17  through  December  1864. 

POTEET,  ALBURTO  L.,  Coi-poral.  Born  in  Binke  Coiuitv  vvhere  he  resided  prior 
to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  41,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as 
Private  and  appointed  Corporal  Feljruary  25,  1862.  Mortally  wounded  at  Sharps- 
burg,  Md,,  September  17,  1862, 

POTEET,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Port  Royal,  Va.,  at  age  17,  February 
12,  1863  for  the  war.  W'ounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  2,  1863.  Captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  Va,,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  luuil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point,  Savannah  River,  Ga.,  No- 
vember 15,   1864.  Paroled  at  .'\ppomattox  Court   House,  Va.,  .\pril  9,   1865. 

POWELL,  A.  S.,  Private.     Born  in  Chatham  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer  prior 
to  enlistment  at   Raleigh   March    15,   1864  for  the  war.   Wounded  at   Plymouth   ' 
April   18,   1864.  Discharged  at   age  30.   December  30.   1864   by  reason   of  woimd. 

POWELL,  EDWARD,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  18,  February 
20,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  Jidy  3.  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  exchanged  prior  to  March  10,  1864.  ^Vounded  and 
admitted  to  hospital  June  4,  1864,  Killed  at  \Vinchester,  Va.,  September  15,  1864. 

PO'XVELL,    J.   C.,   Private.     Resided    in    Burke    County    where    he    enlisted    March  I 
15,   1864  for  the  war.   Paroled  at  Salisbui7   May  2,   1865. 

POWELL,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  6.  1863  for  the 
war.  Wounded  at  Middletown,  Va.,  October  19,   1864  and  sent  home. 

POWELL,  JOHN  H.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  17.  June  15, 
1861  for  the  war  and  mustered  in  as  Sergeant.  Detailed  in  Commissary  and 
Subsistence  Department.  Hickory  Tavern  October  23,  1862.  .\ppears  as  absent 
detailed  until  October  1863,  when  he  appears  as  a  deserter. 

POWELL,    LEANDER,   Private.     Born   in    Binke   Comity   -(vhere    he  resided    as    a 

farmer  and   enlisted   at   age   40.   February    18,    1862    for   the    war.  \\'Ounded   at 

Sharpsburg,     Md.,    September    17,     1862.    Present    or    accounted  for     through 
December  1864. 


HO 


Roster  347 

POWELL,  ROBERT,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at  Plymouth 
April  18,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Petersburg,  \'a..  April  3,  1865  and  con- 
fined at  Hart's  Island,  N.  Y.  Harbor,  until  released  on  taking  Oath  of  Alle- 
giance June  18,  1865. 

POWELL,  S.  E.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Plymouth  April  18.  1864  for  the  war. 
Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

POWELL,  THOMAS,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  22.  1862  for 
the  war  and  mustered  in  as  Private,  ^\'ounded  at  Chancelloi-sville.  Va..  May  4, 
1863.  Captured  at  Rappaliannock  Station,  Va.,  No\ember  7.  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point, 
Savannah  River,  Ga.,  November  15,  1864.  Paroled  as  Sergeant  at  Appomattox 
Court  House.  Va.,  April  9.  1865. 

POWELL,  WILLI.\M,  Private,  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  24,  February  18, 
1802  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's 
^Vharf.  James  River,  \'a.,  March   19,  1865.  Paroled  at  .Morganton  May  16.   1865. 

PRATT,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  26,  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill.  \'a..  July  1,  1862.  Captured  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.. 
July  2-4,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged 
at  Aiken's  Landing.  Va.,  September  18,  1864.  Furloughed  for  30  davs  October 
1,  1864. 

PRESSLY,  M.  R.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  15.  1864  for  the  war.  Died 
at  Richmond.  \'a.,  of  acute  diarrhea  and  dvsenterv  Julv  18.  1864  and  buried 
in   Hollywood  Cemetery,   Richmond,  \'a. 

QUIGLEY,  PATRICK,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  20,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Seven  Pines,  Va..  May  31,  1862.  Captured  at  Waterloo, 
Pa.,  July  5,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until  released  after  tak- 
ing Oath  of  Allegiance  May  3.  1865. 

RICKETTS,  BENJAMIN,  Private.  Born  in  McDowell  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  famier  and  enlisted  at  age  38.  March  17.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Raleigh 
of  chronic  diarrhea  October  28,   1862, 

ROBERTS,  W.  S.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  30,  1864  for  the  war.  Absent 
without  leave  after  September  25,   1864. 

ROBINSON,  JOHN  A.,  Private.  Transferred  from  Company  E.  this  regiment, 
June  1861.  .Appointed  Musician  January  1,  1862.  Captured  at  "Winchester,  Va., 
July  20.  1864  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  until  paroled  and  exchanged 
at  Citv  Point.  \'a..  March  10-12,  1865. 

ROBINSON,  SIDNEY,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  as  a  farmer.  Captured 
at  Winchester.  \'a.,  at  age  17.  July  20,  1864  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio, 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  March   10-12,  1865. 

ROSEMAN,  HENRY,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  25,  June  15, 
1861    for  the  war.  Killed  at   Sharpsburg,   Md.,   September   17,    1862. 

ROWELL,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Resided  in  \Vashington  County  and  enlisted 
November  17,  1864. 

RYAN,  CORNELIUS,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  20.  May  28.  1861  for 
the  war.  Deserted   September   14,   1862,  near  Hagerstown,   Md. 


348  The  BLooin-  Sixth 

SANDERS,  H.  H.,  Private.  Resided  in  Montgomery  County.  Captured  at  Fanii- 
ville.  Va..  April  6,  18(35  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va..  until  released  after 
taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June  25.   1865. 

SEABOLT,  TRAVIS  S.,  Corporal.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  22,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  December  15, 
1862.  Wounded  at  Getty.sburg,  Pa..  July  2.  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point,  Savannah  River,  Ga.,  November  15, 
1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  Va..  .April  9.  1865. 

SHEHAN,  DANIEL,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  30,  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  Deserted  at   Richmond.  \'a..  June   II,   1862. 

SHEHAN,  WILLIAM,    Private.     Enlisted   in    McDowell    County   at   age   21.   March 

17.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Seven  Pines.  Va.,  May  31,  1862  and  confined 
at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing.  Va., 
August  5,  1862.  Captured  at  South  Mountain,  Md.,  September  14,  1862  and 
confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Land- 
ing  November    10,    1862.    Present   or   accounted    for   through    December    1864. 

SIGMON,  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  12.  1864  for  the  war.  Paroled  at 
Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April  9,   1865, 

SINGLETON,  SILAS  S.,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  Coiuity  and  resided  as  a  fanner 
prior  to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  22,  June  27,  1861  for  the  war. 
Discharged  at   Camp  Jones,  Va.,  by  reason  of  disability  .August   19,   1861. 

SIZEMORE,  HENRY,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  June  15,  1861  for 
the  war.  Deserted  June  26,  1861. 

SIZEMORE,  THOMAS,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  21,  Jun'i 
15,  1861  for  the  war.  Deserted  June  26,  1861. 

SKAHAN,  RICHARD,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  38,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  .Appointed  Sergeant  June  20— .August  31,  1861.  Deserted  at  Rich- 
mond. Va..  June  10,  1862. 

SMITH,  JAMES,  Private.  Resided  in  Union  County  as  a  farmer.  Captured  at 
Winchester.  Va..  at  age  36,  July  20,  1864  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio, 
until    paroled   and   exchanged   at   .Aiken's   Landing,    \'a.,    March    10-12,    1865. 

SMITH,  JOHN,  Private.     Transferred  from  Company  E.  this  regiment.  June  1861. 

Detailed  as  teamster  .August  1861— June  1863.  Captured  at  Petersburg,  \'a.,  April 
■     3,   1865  and  confined  at  Hart's  Island,  N.  Y.  Harbor,  until  paroled  after  taking 

Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  18.   1865. 

SMITH,  MORGAN,  Private.  Resided  in  Columbus  County  as  a  farmer.  Enlisted 
March  1862.  Captured  at  Winchester,  Va.,  at  age  31,  July  20,  1864  and  con- 
fined at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  where  he  died  of  variola  January  20,   1865. 

SNIPES,  H.  C,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp  Stokes 
October  26,  1864  for  the  war,  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va,,  March 
26,  1865.  wotmded.  and  captured  at  Richmond  .April  3,  1865.  Took  Oath 
of  Allegiance  at  Newport  News,  Va,,  June   15,   1865, 

SNOWDEN,  WILLIAM  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Polk  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  25.  June  27,  1861  for  the  war. 
Discharged  near  Richmond.  \'a..  by  reason  of  phthisis  pulmonalis  July  16.  18!)2. 


Roster  349 

SPEAGLE,  HUGH,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  26.  February  2i. 
1862  lor  the  war.  Wounded  at  Getty.sburg.  I'a..  July  1-2.  1863.  Captured  al 
Rappahannock  .Station.  Va..  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout. 
Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Landing.  \'a..  Februarv'  14,  186j. 
Paroled  at   Morganton   Mav   15.    1865. 

SPE.\GLE,  JOHN  C,  Private.  Born  in  Catawba  Comity  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  22.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Died 
at  Camp  Fisher.  \'a..  of  acute  meningitis  Februarv  22,   1862. 

STANFORD,  JOHN  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
fanner  and  enlisted  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  33.  June  27,  1861  for  the 
war.  Killed  at  .Sharpsburg.  Md..  September  17.  1862. 

STEELE,    I.,    Private.     Paroled    at   Greensboro    May    12.    1865. 

STIGALL,  G.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  12.  1864  for  the  war.  Detailed 
at  Charlotte  by  Medical  Examining  Board  September  1864. 

TAYLOR,  JAMES  R.,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte 
at  age  18,  .May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Malvern  Hill.  \a..  July  1,  1862. 
Captured  at  Farm\ille.  \'a..  .■\pril  6.  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News.  Va., 
until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  26.   1865. 

TAYLOR,  MOULTON  A.,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  16.  March  7,  1862  for  the  war.  Discharged  near 
Richmond,  Va..  by  reason  of  "mental  imbecility"  July  16.  1862.  Conscripted  at 
Kinston  March  25.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Fisher's  Hill.  Va..  September 
22,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Boulware's  'Wharf.  James  River,  Va.,  January  21,  1865.  Stationed  at  Camp 
Lee.  near  Richmond.  \'a..  January  26,  1865. 

TAYLOR,  WILLLAM  R.,  Corporal.  Born  in  Caldwell  County  and  enlisted  at 
Charlotte  at  age  20.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war  and  mustered  in  as  Corporal. 
Died  at  Camp   Fisher,  Va.,  of   phthisis  pulmonalis    February   18.    1862. 

TEAM,  AVILUAM  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  al  Charlotte  at  age  22.  May  28.  1861 
for  the  war.  AVounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August  29-30.  1862.  Cap- 
tured at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a..  No\  ember  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point 
Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing.  Va..  March 
16.    1865. 

THOMPSON,   JOHN    M.,    Private.  Enlisted   at    Morganton   at   age   22,    November 

30.   1861    for  the  war.   AVounded  at   Gaines'   Mill,  Va,,   June  27,   1862.   Deserted 

and  served  with   58th   Regiment  N.   C.   Troops   November   1862   until   returned 

on  .April   3,   1863.  Deserted   near  ^\'inchester,   Va.,  July  24,   1863. 

TWIGGS,  AVILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Stokes  October  26.  1864  for  the 
war.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court   House,  Va..  .April   9,   1865. 

WARLICK,  .A.  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  18,  May  31.  1863 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7.  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's 
AVharf.  James  River.  \a..  March   16,   1865. 

■WEAVER,  DAVID,  Corjjoral.  Born  in  Catawba  Comity  and  resided  as  a  fanner 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  31.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered 
in  as   Private  and   appointed   Corporal   February    I,    1863.   Wounded   at   Gettys- 


350  The  Bloody  Sixth 

burg,  Pa..  July  1,  1863.  Wounded  at  Smithfield,  Va.,  August  29,  1864  and 
captured  at  Winchester,  Va.,  September  20,  1864.  Confined  at  West's  Building 
Hospital.  Baltimore,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point.  Savan- 
nah River,  Ga.,  November  15.  1864.  Certificate  of  Disability  for  Retiring  of 
Invalid  Soldier  dated  February  24,  1865  carries  him  as  pennanently  disabled. 

WEAVER,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte 
at  age  18,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Deserted  near  Hedgeville,  Va.,  July  21, 
1863  and  captured  July  24,  1863  and  took  the  Oath  of  Allegiance. 

WEAVER,  N.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Vance  September  29,  1863  for  the  war. 
Missing  in   action   at   Winchester,   Va.,   September   19,    1864. 

WILLIAMS,  A.,  Private.     Resided  in   Burke  County  and   enlisted   at   Camp   Vance 

November  4,   1863  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Petersburg.  Va..  .April  3,   1865  and 

confined  at  Hart's  Island,  N.  Y.  Harbor,  until  released  on  taking  Oath  of 
Allegiance   Jinie    19,    1865. 

WILLIAMS,  HENDERSON,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  18.  May  28, 
1861   for  the  war.  Killed  at  Somerville  Ford.  Va.,  September   16.    1863. 

WILLIAMS,  T.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Union  County  March  18,  1864  for  the  war. 
Killed   at    Winchester,   Va.,   September    19,    1864. 

WINKLER,  JAMES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Newton  at  age  26,  March  20,  1862  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  South  Mountain.  Md..  September  14,  1862  and  confined 
at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va., 
November  10.   1862.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va..  .April  9,   1865. 

WOOD,   ELI,   Private.     Paroled  at  Greensboro   May   18.   1865. 

YAUNTZ,  COLUMBUS,  Corporal.     Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  21,  May  28.   1861 
'     for   the  war  and   appointed  Corporal   same   day.   Died   at   Camp   Jones,   Va.,   of 
congestive  fever  September  8,   1861. 


COMPANY  E 

OFFICERS 
CAPTAINS 

AVERY,  ISAAC  E.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  appointed  Captain  by  Governor 
Ellis  to  rank  from  May  16,  1861.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21, 
1861.  Promoted  to  Lieutenant  Colonel  June  1.  1862  and  transferred  to  Field 
&  Staff. 

AVERY,  ALPHONSO  C.  Resided  in  Burke  County  as  a  student  of  law  and  ap- 
pointed 1st  Lieutenant  to  rank  from  May  16,  1861.  Promoted  to  Captain  June 
1,  1862.  Appointed  Maj(n-.  Assistant  Inspector  General,  on  Major  General  D.  H. 
Hill's  staffs,  December  20,  1862  to  rank  from  December  5,  1862.  Resigned 
Captaincy  December  24.  1862.  .Assigned  to  staff  of  Major  General  Thomas  C. 
Hindman  November  18,  1863  and  transferred  to  Lieutenant  General  John  B. 
Hood's  staff  March  1864.  serving  as  Assistant  Inspector  General  on  both  staffs. 
Assigned  to  the  District  of  Western  North  Carolina  July  25,  1864  where  he 
first  sen'ed  as  .Adjutant  General  under  Brigadier  General  James  G.  Martin. 
Commanded  a  battalion  of  non-conscripts  with  authority  to  raise  it  to  a  regiment 
when  he  was  captured  at  Salisbury  April  12.  1865.  Confined  at  Camp  Chase. 
Ohio,  until  released  after  taking  Oath   of  .Allegiance  July  25,    1855. 


I 


Roster  351 

BURNS,  JAMES  H.  Enlisted  May  16,  1861  and  appointed  2nd  Lieutenant  June 
1,  1861  to  take  rank  fiom  May  20,  1861.  Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  June  1, 
1862  and  to  Captain  December  24,  1862.  Killed  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,   1863. 

Mcpherson,  JOHN  Alexander.  Resided  in  Cumberland  County  as  a  stu- 
dent when  he  enlisted  May  1,  1861.  Appointed  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant  June  1, 
1861  to  rank  from  May  16,  1861.  Promoted  to  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant  June  1.  1862 
and  to  1st  Lieutenant  December  24,  1862.  Promoted  to  Captain  July  1,  1863. 
Wounded  at  Cold  Harbor,  \'a.,  June  7,  1864.  Wounded  at  Petersburg.  Va.,  March 
25,  1863  and  appears  on  a  report  of  sick  and  wounded  in  hospital  at  Goldsboro 
for  the  week  ending  April  7,   1865. 

LIEUTENANTS 

BROWN,  SAMUEL  P.,  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant.     Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at   age  24,   May 

28,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Corporal.  Appointed  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant 
February  4,  1863  and  promoted  to  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant  July  1,  1863.  ^Vounded 
at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December 
1864.  Appears  on  leport  of  sick  and  wounded  in  hospital  at  Greensboro  for 
the  week  ending  .-^pril  7,  1865. 

TURNER,  WARREN  G.,  1st  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted 
in  Alamance  County  at  age  24.  June  20,  1861.  .Appointed  Corporal  June  30, 
1861  and  elected  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant  June  17,  1862-  Promoted  to  Sr  2nd 
Lieutenant  December  24,  1862  and  to  1st  Lieutenant  July  1,  1863.  Captured 
at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  No\ember  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase, 
Ohio,  until  transferred  to  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  March  14,  1865.  Paroled  and 
exchanged  at   Coxes   \Vharf,  James   River,   Va.,   March  22,    1865. 

VANCE,  SAMUEL  C,  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  26, 
August  16,  1861  for  the  war.  .Mustered  in  as  Private.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg, 
Pa.,  July  2,  1863  and  captured  at  Hagerstown,  Md.,  July  6,  1863.  Confined  in 
hospital  at  Chester,  Pa.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va., 
August  20,  1863.  Promoted  to  Corporal  September  19,  1864  and  to  Sergeant 
in  October  1864.  Elected  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant  December  2,  1864.  Appears  on 
report  of  sick  and  wounded  in  hospital  at  Greensboro  for  the  week  ending 
.April  7,  1865  . 

NON-COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS  AND  PRIVATES 

ALLMAND,  N.,  Private.     Paroled  at   Morganton   May   16.   1865. 

ALMAN,  JOSEPH  LEONARD,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County 
at  age  18.  February  14.  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Chancelloi-sville,  Va., 
May  4,  1863.  Left  as  nurse  in  hospital  at  Gettvsburg,  Pa.,  and  captured  in 
hospital.  Confined  at  DeCamp  General  Hospital,  David's  Island,  \.  Y.  Harbor, 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  \3..,  October  28,  1863.  Paroled  at 
Morganton   May    16.    1865. 

ANDERSON,  CREED  M.,  Private.  Born  in  .Mitchell  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  20,  March  10,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  in  left 
arm  at  Mahern  Hill,  Va.,  July  1,  1862,  causing  amputation.  Retired  to  In- 
valid Corps  March  14,  1865. 

BACHELOR,  EDMOND,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh,  March 
10,   1864   for   the   war.  Discharged   November    1,    1864. 


352  The  Bloods  Sixth 

BATES,  GEORGE  W.,  Corporal.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  March  17,  1862  for 
the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Pri\ate  and  promoted  to  Corporal  February  1.  1863. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .\iken's  Landing.  \'a., 
February  25-March    3,    1865. 

BEAVER,  JOHN  W,,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
when  he  enlisted  in  Mitchell  County  at  age  32,  March  7,  1862  for  the  war. 
Died  at  .\shland.  Va..  May  1862  of  measles. 

BERRY,  GEORGE  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  19.  May  28,  1861  tor 
the  war.  Transferred   to  Company  D,  this  regiment,  June   1861. 

BLAIR,  J.  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Stokes  December  21,  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court   House.   Va.,  April   9,   1865. 

BOONE,  JAMES  M.,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Jones,  Va.,  at  age  35,  September  4,  1861  for  the  war. 
Died  at  Yorktown,  Va.,  May   1,  1862  of  fever. 

BOONE,   JOHN  P.,   Private.     Enlisted   in    Mitchell   County   at   age   18.   March    8, 

1862  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  February  1864  at  which  time 
he  was  furloughed. 

BOONE,  JOSEPH,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .'Vlamance  County  at  age  28.  June  27, 
1861   for  the  war.   Present  or  accounted   for   through   February-   1864. 

BOONE,  J.  ROBERT,  Private.  Resided  in  Mitchell  County  and  enlisted  in  .Ma- 
mance  County  at  age  36,  June  17,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg, 
Va.,  March  25.  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after 
taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June  22,  1865. 

BOST,  LEANDER  S.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  33.  May  28,  1861  for 
for  the  war.  Transferred   to  Company  D,   this  regiment.  June   1861. 

BRACKET,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Vance  October  1.  1864  for  the 
war.  Captured  at  Strasburg.  Va..  October  19,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  ^\'harf.  James  River,  Va., 
January  25,  1865.  Captured  at  Burkeville.  Va.,  April  10.  1865  and  confined 
at  Point  Lookout,  Md„  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .\llegiance  June  3, 
1865. 

BRANCH,  ANDERSON,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp 
Vance  August  20,  1863  for  the  war.  Died  at  Staunton,  \'a.,  July  15,  1864  of 
disease. 

BRANCH,  WILLIAM  S.,  1st  Sergeant.  Born  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  in 
Alamance  County  at  age  31.  June  17,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private. 
Wounded  at   Gaines'   Mill.   Va..  June  27.   1862.   Promoted   to   Corporal   January 

1863  and  to  Sergeant  February   1.   1863.  Promoted  to   1st  Sergeant  July   1,   1863. 
Killed  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2,   1863. 

BRIGHTON,  WILLIAM  M.,  Private.  Captured  at  Burkeville.  Va.,  .-Vpril  10,  1865 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Alle- 
giance June  3,  1865. 

BROWN,  JOHN  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Fisher,  Va.,  at  age  18,  October 
30,  1861  for  the  war.  AVounded  at  Bachelor's  Creek  February  1,  1864.  Retired 
to  Invalid  Corps  and  assigned  to   temporary  duty  November  30,    1864. 


Roster  353 

BROWN,  JOSEPH  C,  Sergeant.  Resided  in  McDowell  County  and  enlisted  at 
Charlotte  at  age  26.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  1st  Sergeant. 
^\'ounded  at  Se\en   Pines,  Va.,  May   31,   1862  and  reduced   to  ranks  June   17. 

1862  from  prolonged  absence  caused  by  wound  and  sickness.  Detached  to 
Brigade  Quartennaster  February  6.  1863  through  October  1864.  Promoted  to 
Sergeant  December  29.  1864  and  captured  near  Petersburg.  Va..  March  25.  1865. 
Confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance 
June  23,  1865. 

BUCHANAN,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  35.  June 
24,  1861  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

BYRD,  LACE,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  24.  June  27.  1861  for 
the  war.  .'Absent  without  leave  after  .\ugust  30,   1862. 

CARPE.NTER,  JOSEPH  L.,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as  a 
fanner  prior  to  enlistmeirt  in  Burke  County  at  age  17,  October  11,  1861  for  the 
war.  Died  at  Ashland.  Va..  April  24,   1862  of  measles. 

CARPENTER,  LEVI  TURNER,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as 
a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  21,  June  24,  1861 
for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Camp  Fisher,  \'a.,  November  9,  1861  by  reason  of 
"phthisis  pulmonalis," 

CHAPMAN,  HOSEA  H.,  Private.     Enlisted  in   Burke  County  at  age  43,  February 

19,  1862   for   the   war.    Captured   at    Rappahannock    Station,   Va..    November   7, 

1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  luitil  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Venus  Point,  Savannah  River,  Ga.,  November  15,  1864.  Captured  near 
Petersburg.  Va.,  March  25,  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  re- 
leased on  taking  Oath  of  .\llegiance  June  3,   1865. 

CHAPMAN,  J.,  Private.     Died  of  wound  at   Richmond.  \'a.,   February   14.   1865. 

CHAPM.\N,  JAMES  H.,  Private.  Captured  at  Farmville.  \a.,  April  6,  1865  and 
confined  at   Military  Prison,   Newport  News,  Va..  where   he  died  June  8,    1865. 

CHAPMAN,  JOHN  L.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  Februai7  1,  1864  for  the 
war.   'Wounded  at   Charlestown.   \'a.,  .■\ugust  25,    1864  and   furloughed. 

CHAPMAN,  JOHN  L.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  16,  1862  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a..  November  7,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Landing. 
James  River.  \a..  February  14-15,  1865.  Paroled  at  .Morganton  after  taking  Oath 
of   Allegiance   May   27.    1865. 

COFFEY,  C.  LEVI,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  24,  June  20, 
1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill.  \'a..  July  1,  1862.  Missing  after 
June  30.   1863  and  carried  as  deserter. 

COFFEY,   JOSEPH    W.,    Private.     Enlisted    in   .\lamance   County   at   age    18,   June 

20,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  \'a..  May  31,  1862.  Detailed  as 
nurse  March  24,  1863  and  returned  to  duty  December  2,  1863.  Deserted  January- 
February  1864. 

COLLINS,  JOSEPH  L.,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  and  resided  as  a  fanner 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  16.  June  20,  1861  for  the  war. 
.•\ppointed  .Musician  the  same  day.  Reduced  to  ranks  .April  30,  1862  while  on 
sick  leave.  Killed  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August  29,   1862. 


354  The  Bloody  Sixth 

COLLINS,  PHILIP  B.,  Sergeant.  Bom  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at  Char- 
lotte at  age  30,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  captured 
at  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  May  3,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va.,  May  23,  1863.  Promoted  to  Sergeant 
between  May  11  and  July  2,  1863,  the  day  he  was  killed  at  Gettysburg,  Pa. 

CONLEY,  JOSEPH  E.,  Private.  Resided  in  Macon  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp 
Vance  March  9,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  Va.,  March  25, 
1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  on  taking  Oath  of 
Allegiance  June  24,   1855. 

COX,  THOMAS  N.,  Private.  Boin  in  McDowell  County  and  enlisted  in  Virginia 
November  1.  1863  for  the  war.  Died  of  wound  at  Plymouth  April  30.  1864. 

COX,  WILLIAM  A.,  Corporal.  Born  in  Mitchell  or  Yancey  County  and  resided 
as  a  farmer  prior  to  his  enlistment  in  .41amance  County  at  age  21,  June  15, 
1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  Februai7  1, 
1862.  Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill.  Va..  June  27,    1862  and  died   of  wound  July 

12.  1862. 

DAVIS,  ALEXANDER,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  1,  1864  for  the  war. 
Absent  wounded  after  June  1.  1864. 

DAVIS,  ANDREW  J.,  Private.     Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  41.  June  15, 

1861  for  the  war.  Deserted  in  April  1862. 

DAVIS,  JOHN  P.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  20.  June  15,  1861 
for  the  war.  Deserted  December  21,   1863. 

DAVIS,  WILLIAM  A.,  Private.  Wounded  and  captured  near  Petersburg,  Va., 
March  25,  1865  and  died  of  wounds  March  26,  1865. 

DUNAVANT,   SAMUEL  D.,   Sergeant.     Enlisted   at   Charlotte   at   age   21.   May   28, 

1861  for  the  war  and  mustered  in  as  Sergeant.  \Vounded  at  Fredericksburg,  Va., 
December  12-13,  1862.  Transferred  to  Company  K,  4th  Regiment  Virginia 
Cavalry  January  27,   1863.   Present   or  accounted   for   through  .August   1864. 

DUNAWAY,  JOHN  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  40.  June 
15,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Fisher's  Hill,  Va.,  September  22.  1864  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  on  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  May 

13,  1865. 

EARNHEART,  HARVEY  B.  G.,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  18,  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  Discharged  at  Camp  Fisher,  Va.,  November  28,  1861  by  reason  of  deafness. 
Final  discharge  given  January  20.  1862.  Conscripted  in  Burke  County  September 
22,   1862  for  the  war  and   assigned   to   Company   G   this   regiment. 

ENGLISH,  CHARLES  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as  a 
fanner  prior  to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  23,  June  15,  1861  for 
the  war.  Killed  at  Gaines'  Mill,  Va.,  June  27.  1862. 

ENGLISH,  J.  HARVEY,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  Mitchell  County  at  age  21,  March  10,  1862  for  the  war. 
Died  at  Ashland,  Va.,  May  4,  1862  of  measles. 

ENGLISH,  JOHN   J.,  Sergeant.     Enlisted   in    Burke   County   at  age  20.   March    18, 

1862  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  wounded  at  Battle  of  Second 
Manassas  .August  29,  1862.  Promoted  to  Corporal  after  February  1864  and  to 
Sergeant  September  19,  1864.  Wounded  near  Cedar  Creek,  \'a.,  October  19, 
1804  and  sent  home  on  furlough. 


Roster  355 

ENGLISH,  JOHN  SAMUEL,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  20 
June  15,  1861  for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  December  13.  1862 
Transferred  to  Company  B,  5th  Battalion  N.  C.  Cavalry  March  31.  1863.  Com 
pany  B,  became  Company  K,  05th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  (6th  Regiment  N.  C 
Cavalry)  when  the  5th  and  7th  Battalions  were  consolidated  to  form  the  regi 
ment.  Appears  on  rolls  of  Company  K  as  absent  without  leave  since  July 
10,  1864. 

ERVVIN,  ADOLPHUS,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  where  he  enlisted 
September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  3,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  sent  to  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  October  18, 
1863.  Paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va.,  March  17,  1864.  Captured  near 
Petersburg,  Va..  March  25,  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until 
released  on  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June   11,   1865. 

ERA\T1N,  ISAAC  A.,  Sergeant.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  30,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered 
in  as  Sergeant.  Mortally  wounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17,  1862. 

FITE,  J.  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes.  Raleigh,  March  10,  1864  for  the 
war.    Present   or  accounted   for   through   December    1864. 

FLEMING,  JOHN  G.  B.,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  Comity  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  21,  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Dis- 
charged at  Camp  near  Richmond.  Va.,  June  6,  1862  by  reason  of  "general 
debility  and  erysipelas." 

FORD,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Fairfax  Court  House,  \a..  September  2, 
1862  for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  December  13,  1862.  .Absent 
without  leave  after  February  2,  1863  after  failing  to  report  back  from  hospital. 

FORTNER,  JOHN,  1st  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  .Mitchell  County  at  age  26,  March 
10,  1862  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  wounded  at  Battle  of  Second 
Manassas  .August  30.  1862.  Promoted  to  Corporal  February  1,  1863  and  to 
Sergeant  July  1,  1863.  Promoted  to  1st  Sergeant  September  1,  1863.  Deserted 
at  ^Vaynesboro,  Va.,  December   10,   1864. 

FREEMAN,  JOHN  C,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  21,  June  15, 
1861  for  the  war.  \\'ounded  at  Malvern  Hill.  \'a..  July  1,  1862  and  at  Sharps- 
burg, Md.,  September  17,  1862.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1-3,  1863 
and  captured  in  hospital  where  he  died  of  wound  .August  21,   1863. 

GOOD,  ^VILLIAM  C,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  and  resided  as  a  barkeeper 
and  enlisted  at  age  26,  May  10,  1861  for  one  year.  Discharged  at  Manassas  Junc- 
tion, \'a.,  .August   31.   1861    by   reason   of  "secondary  syphillis." 

GRAGG,  M.AJOR,  Private.  Born  in  Btirke  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer  prior 
to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  25,  June  17,  1861  for  the  war.  Died 
at  Camp  Jones.  Va..  September  23,   1861   of  measles  and  typhoid  fever. 

GREEN,  ROBERT  P.,  Private.  Born  in  Mitchell  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  22.  March  11.  1862  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Camp 
near  Richmond,  \a.,  July  23,  1862  by  reason  of  "anemia  resulting  from  chronic 
diarrhea." 

GREENLEE,  A.  S.,  Corporal.  Transferred  from  Company  G,  this  regiment, 
November-December  1864  and  promoted  to  Corporal  December  29.  1864. 
Captured  at  Fanuville.  \'a..  .April  6.  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  \'a., 
until  released  after  taking  Oath   of  .Allegiance  June  25,   1865. 


356  The  Bloody  Sixth 

HARRIS,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Virginia  November  1.  1863  for  the  war. 
Present  or  accounted  for  through  Februar)'  1864.  Union  Prisoner  of  War  records 
indicate  that  he  was  sent  from  Chambersburg,  Pa..  ."Vugust  8.  1864  to  Harrison- 
burg, Pa.,  and  from  there  to  Fort  MilHin,  Pa.,  .August  17.  1864.  Released  from 
Fort  Mifflin  September  2.   1864  after  taking  Oath   of  .Allegiance. 

HIGHFILL,  J.  F.,  Private.  Resided  in  Guilford  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp 
Stokes  November  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Farmville.  Va.,  .April  6,  186,5 
and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Alle- 
giance June  26,  1865. 

HIPPS,  JAMES  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  22.  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17,  1862,  Present  or  ac- 
counted for  through  July  1864. 

HOLDER,  JESSE,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  36,  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  Transferred  to  Companv  D.  this  regiment,  Jiuie   1861. 

HOLDER,  SIMEON,  Private,     Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes.  Raleigh.  March  20.   1864 

for  the  war.  .Absent  sick   through   December   1864. 
HOLLIS,  W.  H.,  Private.     Captured  at   Rappahannock   Station,  Va.,   November   7, 

1863    and    confined    at    Point    Lookout,    Md.,    until    paroled    and    exchanged    at 

Aiken's  Landing.  Va.,  March  15,  1865. 

HONEYCUTT,  WILLIAM  B.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Mitchell  County  at  age  29, 
March  9,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Mahern  Hill,  Va.,  July  1,  1862  and 
sent  home  on  furlough. 

HOUSTON,  JOHN  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Virginia  December  1,  1863  for  the 
war.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  \a..  .April  9.  1865. 

HOUSTON,  WILLI.AM  HENRY,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  20, 
June  15.  1861  for  the  war.  AVounded  and  admitted  to  hospital  January  12.  1864. 
Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at 
Farmville,  Va.,  March  1,  1865,  wounded.  Paroled  at  Farmville,  Va.,  .April  11-21, 
1865, 

HOWELL,  JAMES  G.,  1st  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  29,  June 
15,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Sergeant  and  appointed  1st  Sergeant  June 
17,  1862.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md..  September  17.  1862  and  sent  home. 
Reduced  to  ranks  February  1.  1863  because  of  prolonged  absence.  .Absent 
wounded  through  Deceinber  1864. 

HOWELL,  JOHN  D.,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  Burke  County  at  age  31.  August  16.  1861.  Wounded  at 
Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  31,  1862  and  died  of  wounds  at  Richmond,  Va.,  July 
19,  1862, 

HOWELL,  ROBERT  P.,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  enlisted  in  .Alamance 
County  at  age  17.  June  27.  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Fredericksburg,  Va., 
May  3,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged 
at  City  Point,  Va.,  May  23  1863.  Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2.  1863  and 
confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until  transferred  to  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  where 
he  died  November  5,  1863. 

HOWELL,  SWINFIELD,  Private.     Enlisted  in   Mitchell   County  at  age   19,   March 

10.  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  1,  1863  and  captured 
at  South  .Mountain,  .Md.,  July  4,  1863.  Confined  at  West's  Building  Hospital, 
Baltimore,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va.,  .August  24,  1863. 


Roster  357 

HO\VELL,    WILLIAM,   Private.     Enlisted    in    >ritcliell    County    at    age    25.    March 

8,  1862  for  the  war.  AVotinded  at  Gaines'  Mill,  Va.,  June  27,  1862  and  at  the 
Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August  29.  1862.  Sent  back  at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  July 
2.  1863  because  of  sickness.  Captured  at  Frederick,  Md..  July  6.  1863  and  sent 
to  ^Vest's  Building  Hospital.  Baltimore,  Md.  Took  Oath  of  .Allegiance  July 
7,  1863. 

HUNSINGER,  JAMES,  Private.  Resided  in  McDowell  Coiuity  and  enlisted  at 
Plymouth  .April  21.  1864  for  the  war.  Wounded  and  captured  near  Petersburg, 
Va..  March  25.  1865.  Released  from  hospital  at  ^Vashington.  D.  C,  after  tak- 
ing Oath  of  Allegiance  Jime  12.   1865. 

HUNSINGER,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  in  McDowell  County  and  enlisted  at 
Charlotte  at  age  23.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond, 
Va..  March  27,  1865.  wounded,  where  he  was  captured  April  3.  1865.  Transferred 
to  Military  Prison,  Newport  News,  Va.,  and  released  after  taking  Oath  of 
.Allegiance  June  30,  1865. 

HUNSINGER,  JOSEPH,  Private,  linlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  17,  February 
22,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill.  \a.,  June  27,  1862.  Present  or 
accounted  for  through  December   1864. 

HUTCHINS,  JAMES  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  23,  February 
22,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Huguenot  Springs,  \a..  October  18,  1862. 

HUTCHINS,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  22.  FebruaiT  22, 
1862  for  the  war.  Absent  without  leave  after   battle  at  Gaines'   Mill.  \'a..  Jiuie 

27.  1862. 

JARROLD,  JOSEPH,  1st  Sergeant.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at 
Charlotte  at  age  24.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  ap- 
pointed Corporal  October  1.  1862  and  promoted  to  Sergeant  February  1,  1863. 
Wounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  1,  1863  and  again  at  Mt.  Jackson.  \"a.,  Septem- 
ber 24,  1864.  Promoted  to  1st  Sergeant  December  10.  1864.  Admitted  to  hos- 
pital at  Richmond.  \'a.,  March  27,  1865,  wounded,  where  he  was  captured 
April  3.  1865.  Transferred  to  hospital  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  May  9,  1865  and 
released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  26.   1865. 

JOHNSON,  CALHOUN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  39.  March  17, 
1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Chancelloi-sville,  Va..  May  4.  1863.  Captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  conhned  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing.  Va.,  February  25- 
March   3,   1865.  Furloughed   for  60  days   March  29.   1865. 

JOHNSON,  D.  PERKINS,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  32.  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Discharged  .August   10.   1861   by  reason  of  disability. 

JOHNSON,  F.  ALPHONSO,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  31,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  June  20.  1861  and 
reduced  to  ranks  June  30,  1861.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17, 
1862.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  August   1864. 

JOHNSON,  I.,  Private.     Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  16,   1865. 

JOHNSON,  MARTIN  V.  B.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  21.  May  28. 
1861   for  the  war.  .Absent   without   lea\e  after   December  21,   1863. 

JOHNSON,  WILLIAM  DePRUNE,  Private.     Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  29.  May 

28,  1861  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  February  1864.  Deserted 
and  shot  by  Home  Guard  on  March  22.   1865. 


358  The  Bloody  Sixth 

JOHNSON,  W.  RED^VINE,  Private.  Born  in  Rutherford  County  and  resided  in 
Burke  County  as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  21, 
June  24,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher,  Va.,  November  28,  1861  of 
pneumonia. 

JONES,  JOHN  D.,  Private.  Born  in  Rutherford  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Died 
at  Camp  Fisher,  Va.,  December  1,  1861  of  pneumonia. 

KNIGHT,  NEVINS,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Stokes  October  31,  1864  for  the 
war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

LANE,  JACOB,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  22,  June  24,  1861  for  the  war.  "Deserted" 
and  "captured"  at  Mine  Run,  Va.,  November  27-30,  1863.  Confined  at  Point 
Lookout,  Md..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .\llegiance  and  joining  the 
U.  S.  Anny  February  19.  1864.  Mustered  into  Company  E,  1st  Regiment  U.  S. 
Volunteers,  at  Norfolk,  ^'a.,  May  1,  1864  for  three  years.  Discharged  at  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  June  22,   1865. 

LAWNER,  H.     Buried  in  Hollywood  Cemeter)',  Richmond,  Va.,  January  26,  1865. 

LEXERS,  P.  v..  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Stokes  November  1,  1864  for  the  war. 
Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

LEWIS,  HENDERSON,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va..  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Land- 
ing, Va.,  February  24,  1865.  In  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  March  2,  1865. 

LEWIS,  JAMES  W.,  Private.     Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at   age  25,  June  27, 

1861  for  the  war.  'Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill,  Va..  June  27,  1862  and  at  Chancel- 
lorsville,  Va.,  May  4,  1863.  Missing  and  presumed  killed  at  Cedar  Creek,  Va., 
October  19,  1864.' 

LEWIS,  JOHN  NELSON,  Private.     Enlisted  in  ,\lamance  County  at  age  18.  June 

27,    1861    for   the   war.    Captured   at    Rappahannock    Station.   \'a.,    November    7. 

1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Coxes  Wharf,  James  River,  Va.,  October  15,  1864.  Died  in  hospital  at  Richmond, 
Va.,  October  24,   1864  of  chronic  diarrhea. 

LEWIS,  P.  v.,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  November  1,  1864. 
Paroled  at  Richmond,  Va.,  April  30,  1865. 

LONGWORTH,    WILLIAM    F.,    Private.     Enlisted    at    Camp    Vance    October    1, 

1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Strasburg,  Va.,  October  19,  1864  and  confined 
at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .\iken's  Landing,  Va., 
March  28,  1865. 

LOVEING,  WILLIAM  JEFFERSON,  Coiporal.  Born  in  Burke  County  and  resided 
as  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  21.  June  15.  1861  for 
the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  promoted  to  Corporal  September  1,  1863. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  \arina,  \a..  September 
22,   1864.  Furloughed  September  23.   1854. 

LOWRIE,  J.  MONROE,  Private.  Born  in  Mitchell  or  McDowell  County  and 
resided  as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  Mitchell  County  at  age  22.  March  6, 

1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  near  Richmond,  \'a..  July  30.   1862  of  fever. 


Roster  359 

LOWRIE,  JOHN  A.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  October  U,  1861  for 
the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  promoted  to  Corporal  February  1,  1863 
and  to  Sergeant  July  1.  1863.  \Vounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  1,  1863  and 
captured  at  South  Mountain.  Md.,  July  4,  1863.  Confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del., 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va.,  August  1,  1863.  Died  at  Kins- 
ton  FebruaiT  28,  1864. 

MACE,  JAMES  E.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  20.  August  16, 
1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Present  or  accounted 
for  through  December   1864. 

MASON,  J.  R.,  Private.  Captured  at  Strasburg.  Va.,  October  19,  1864  and  sent 
to  Harpers  Ferry,  \'a. 

MATHIS,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Born  in  ^\'ashington  County,  Tenn.,  and  resided 
as  a  fanner  prior  to  enlistment  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  19,  June  15,  1861 
for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17.  1862  and  at  Gettys- 
burg, Pa..  July  2,  1863.  Captured  at  South  .Mountain,  .Md.,  July  3,  1863  and 
confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point, 
Va.,  August  1,  1863.  Died  in  McDowell  County  February   12,  1864. 

McDonald,  J.  R.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Virginia  at  age  20,  January  1,  1863  for 
the  war.  .Absent  without  leave  after  October  10,  1864. 

McDonald,  R.,  Private.     Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  June  3,   1863. 

McGEE,  ABRAM,  Private.  Enlisted  in  \'irginia  November  1,  1863  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  .\ppomattox  Court   House.  Va.,  April  9,   1865. 

McGEE,  BRICE,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  in  ifcDowell  County 
as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  22,  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va..  July  1,  1862  and  at  Battle  of  Second 
Manassas  .\ugust  29.  1862.  Captured  at  Farraville,  Va..  .April  6,  1865  and 
confined  at  Newport  News,  \'a..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance 
June  26,   1865. 

McGEE,  ISAAC  AVERY,  Sergeant.  Born  in  McDovvell  Comity  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  19,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war. 
Mustered  in  as  Private  and  wounded  at  Seven  Pines.  Va,,  May  31,  1862.  .Ap- 
pointed Corporal  October  1,  1862  and  promoted  to  Sergeant  February  1,  1863. 
Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court 
House,  \'a.,  April  9,  1865. 

McGEE,  ISAAC  W.,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  November 
25.  1863. 

McGEE,  JOHN  S.,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  Comity  and  resided  as  a  fanner  prior 
to  enlistment  in  Mitchell  County  at  age  21,  July  8,  1862  for  the  war.  Originally 
enlisted  in  Company  K,  58th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  but  transferred  to  this 
company  March  31,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7, 
1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
.Aiken's   Landing,   \'a..   February   25— .March    3,    1865. 

McGEE,  JOHN  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  \'irginia  November  1,  1863  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  -Appomattox  Court   House.  \'a.,  .April  9,   1865. 


360  The  Bloodi  Sixih 

McGEE,  ROBERT  S.,  Private.  Born  in  McDoivell  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  Mitcliell  County  at  age  18,  July  8.  1862  for  the 
war.  Originally  enlisted  in  Company  K,  58th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  but 
transferred  to  this  company  March  31.  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  where  he 
died  February  25,   1865  of  pneumonia. 

McGEE,  ^VILLL\M  HENRY,  Corporal.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as 
a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  21,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war. 
Mustered  in  as  Corporal  and  died  at  Camp  Fisher,  Va.,  December  4,  1861  of 
pneumonia. 

McKINNEY,  J.\MES  M.,  Private.     Enlisted  in   Mitchell   County  at   age   17,   March 

10,  1862  for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Seven  Pines.  \'a..  May  31,  1862  and  at  Get- 
tysburg. Pa.,  July  1,  1863,  Captured  at  South  Mountain,  Md.,  July  4,  1863 
and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del,,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  in  February 
1865,  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee,  near  Richmond,  \'a.,  after  exchanged. 

McKINNEY',  M.  A.,  Private.  Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  3,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  transferred  to  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  October 
18,  1863.  Paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  \\'harf,  James  River,  Va.,  February 
21-22,  1865, 

McKINNEY,  MOSES  J.,  1st  Sergeant.  Born  in  Mitchell  or  Yancey  Coimty  and  re- 
sided as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  24,  June  15, 
1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  June  17,  1862. 
Wounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17,  1862.  Promoted  to  Sergeant 
February  1,  1863  and  to  1st  Sergeant  before  he  was  wounded  at  Gettysburg, 
Pa„  July  1,  1863,  Died  at  Gettysburg  July  3-6,  1863  of  wound. 

McNeill,  Alexander,  private.     Enlisted  in  Mitchell  County  at  age  19,  March 

8,  1862  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  February   1864. 

McNeill,  Archibald  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Mitchell  County  at  age  23, 
March  8,  1862  for  the  war,  ^\■ounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas,  Va...  .\ugust 
29,  1862.  .Ybsent  without  leave  after  March  27,   1863, 

McNeill,  DANIEL,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  Mitchell  County  at  age  24-26,  March  8,  1862  for  the 
war.  Died  at  .-Ashland,  Va.,  May  9,  1862  of  measles. 

McNeill,  J.4MES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Vance  November  12,  1863  for  the 
war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  February   1864, 

McNeill,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Mitchell  County  at  age  21,  March  8,  1862 
for  the  war,  .-Absent  without  leave  after  March  27,  1863. 

McPHERSON,  ^VTLLI.4M  H.,  Private.  Resided  in  Cumberland  County  and  en- 
listed at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh,  October  13,  1864  for  the  war,  .\dmitted  to 
hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  wounded,  .'Vpril  3-4.  1865  and  captured  in  hos- 
pital. Transferred  to  hospital  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  May  12,  1865  and  re- 
leased after  taking  Oath   of  .Allegiance  July   7,   1865. 

MILLER,  ANDERSON  M,,  Private.     Enlisted  in  .-Vlamance  Countv  at  age  25.  June 

15,  1861  for  the  war,  and  mustered  in  as  Sergeant,  Reduced  to  ranks  February 
1,  1863  by  reason  of  sickness.  Died  in  Caldwell  County  .March  15,  1863  of 
dvsenteiT, 

MOSES,  THOMAS,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  September  22,  1862  for  the 
war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  February   1864. 


Roster  361 

MURDACH,  ROBERT  H.,  Private.  Bom  in  Orange  County  and  resided  in 
Yancey  Couiuy  as  a  fanner  prior  to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  31, 
June  27,  1861  for  the  war.  ^Vounded  in  action  June  7,  1864.  Present  or  accounted 
for  through  December  1864.  Captured  at  Farmville,  \'a..  April  6,  1865  and 
confined  at  Newport  News.  Va.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance 
June  25,  1865. 

OAKS,  SAMUEL  C,  Private.  Born  in  .Mitchell  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .'Alamance  County  at  age  24.  June  24.  1861  for  the  war. 
Discharged  at  Camp  Fisher.  Va.,  October  30,  1861  by  reason  of  phthisis  pul- 
monalis  and   rheimiatism. 

OLIVER,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  November  18,  1864  for  the 
war.  Paroled  at  Salisbury  May  25.  1865. 

OLLIS,  ALEX.\NDER,  Private.  Captured  near  Harpers  Ferry.  Va.,  July  11.  1864 
and  confined  at  Elmira.  N.  Y.,  luitil  paroled  and  exchanged  February  20- 
March  3.  1865.  Furloughed  for  30  days  March  8,  1865. 

OLLIS,  ALEX.4NDER  S.,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as  a 
fanner  prior  to  enlistment  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  18.  June  17.  1861  for  the 
war.  Discharged  at  Camp  Fisher.  \a..  December  10.  1861  by  reason  of  "suffer- 
ing regid  flexion  of  the  right  leg  from  myotitis  (inverted  probably  by  an  injury 
in  early  life)." 

OLLIS,  JAMES  N.,  Private.  Resided  in  Yancey  County  and  enlisted  at  Kinstou 
April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Farmville,  ^'a.,  .^pril  6,  1865  and  confined 
at  Newport  News,  Va.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  -Allegiance  June  25, 
1865. 

OLLIS,  JOHN  LEONARD.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  .\ugust  16,  1861  for  the 
war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md..  September  17.  1862.  "Deserted"  July  23, 
1863  and  "captured"  at  Chambersburg,  Pa..  August  8.  1864  and  confined  at 
Fort  Mifflin.  Pa.,  until  released  on  taking  Oath  of  .-\llegiance  September  2.  1864. 

OLLIS,  JOSEPH  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  1,  1864  for  the  war. 
Absent  without  lea\e  after  November  10,  1864. 

OLLIS,  NELSON,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Lenoir  County  February  27,  1864  for  the 
war. 

OLLIS,  THOM-iS  L.,  Private.  Born  in  Y'ancey  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .-Vlaraance  County  at  age  18.  June  17,  1861  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  August  29.  1862.  Retired  to  Invalid 
Corps  October  12,   1864. 

OLLIS,  'WILLIAM  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Y'ancey  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  20.  June  15,  1861  for  the  war. 
\Vounded  at  Malveni  Hill,  \a..  July  1.  1862.  Missing  in  action  at  Rappahannock 
Station,   \'a.,    November   7,    1863. 

PAENTER,  LEWIS  S.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  \ance  October  1.  1864  for  the 
war.  Captured  at  Strasburg.  Va.,  October  19.  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .\llegiance  June  3,   1865. 

PARKER,  DANIEL  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  .August  16.  1861  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  \'a.,  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  where  he  died  January  5,  1865  of  acute  dianhea. 


362  The  Bloody  Sixth 

PASTER,  L.  S.,  Private.  Captured  at  Strasburg,  Va.,  October  19.  1864  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout,  Md.  Record  of  parole  and  exchange  cancelled  on 
register. 

PEELER,  RICHARD  PETER,  Private.  Born  in  Rutherford  County  and  resided 
as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  18,  June  15,  1861 
for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va.,  July  1.  1862  and  at  Plymouth 
April  20,  1864.  Retired  to  Invalid  Corps  Noveiuber  14,   1864  as  totally  disabled. 

PENDLEY,  MERRIT  B.,  1st  Sergeant.  Born  in  Burke  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  age  31,  June  15,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in 
as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  September  30,  1861.  Promoted  to  Sergeant 
June  17,  1862  and  to  1st  Sergeant  February  1,  1863.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg, 
Pa,,  July  1,  1863  and  captured  in  hospital  at  Gettysburg  where  he  died 
September  18,  1863. 

PHILLIPS,  J.  TARPLEY,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  Mitchell  County  at  age  20,  March  18,  1862  for 
the  war.  Died  at  Ashland,  Va.,  May  2,  1862  of  measles. 

PITMAN,  R.  G.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Holmes  March  15,  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April  9,  1865. 

POOL,  FELIX,  Private.  Resided  in  Randolph  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp 
Stokes  December  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg.  Va.,  March  25, 
1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath 
of  Allegiance  June  17,  1865. 

POWELL,  JOHN  B.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  19,  February  15, 
1862  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Sharpsburg.  Md.,  June  27-28,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  where  he  died  .April  1,  1864  of  chronic  diarrhea. 

RAMSEY,  LABAN  F.,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  19,  March  14,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  .\shland,  Va., 
May    1862  of  measles. 

RAMSEY,  NOTAIN,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  at  age  22,  March  14,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  ."Vshland,  Va..  April 
20,  1862  of  measles. 

RATHBONE,  THOMAS,  Private.  Born  in  McDowell  County  and  resided  as  a 
famier  prior  to  enUstment  in  Mitchell  County  at  age  28,  March  11,  1862  for 
the  war.  Died  at  .Ashland,  Va.,  .April  17,  1862  of  measles. 

RAY,  JACOB,  Private.  Born  in  Newberry,  S.  C,  and  resided  as  a  farmer  prior 
to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  44,  June  27,  1861  for  the  war.  .Absent 
without  leave  after  May  20,   1863. 

ROBERSON,  J.4MES  A.,  Private.     Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  30,  September 

22,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  \'a.,  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  where  he  died  February  16,  1865  of 
chronic  diarrhea. 

ROBERSON,  JOHN  W.,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enUstment  in  Mitchell  County  at  age  27,  March  8.  1862  for  the  war. 
Died  at  .Ashland,  \'a.,  .April  28,  1862  of  measles. 

ROBERSON,  MARTIN  V.  B.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  25, 
March  8,  1862  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  March   1865. 


Roster  363 

ROBERSOX,  N.  M.,  Private.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April 
9,   1865. 

ROBERSON,  WILBURN  A.,  Corporal.  Resided  in  Yancey  County  and  enlisted 
in  Burke  County  at  age  17,  March  10,  1862  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private 
and  wounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  \'a.,  July  1,  1862.  Promoted  to  Coiporal  February 
1,  1863  and  wounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  2,  1863.  Captured  at  South 
Mountain,  Md.,  July  4,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  released 
on   taking   Oath  of  .Allegiance  June   19,   1865. 

ROBERTS,  JOHN  R.,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  20,  June  15.  1861  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas,  Julv  21,  1861.  Discharged  at  Camp  near 
Richmond,  \'a.,  July  20,  1862  by  reason  of  phthisis  pulmonalis.  Died  at  Lynch- 
burg, \'a.,  .August  29,  1862  of  peritonitis. 

ROBINSON,  JOHN  A.,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  as  a  blacksmith  prior 
to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  22,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Transferred 
to  Company  D,  this  regiment,  June  1861. 

ROHM,  ISAAC,  Private.  Enlisted  March  1,  1863.  Captured  or  surrendered  in 
.August  1864.  Sent  from  Chambersburg,  Pa.,  .August  8,  1864  and  confined  at 
Fort  Mifflin,  Pa.,  .August  17,  1864.  Released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance 
September  2,  1864. 

ROSE,  LEVI,  Private.  Born  in  Mitchell  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer  prior 
to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  Comity  at  age  20,  June  27,  1861  for  the  war.  Died 
in  hospital  at  Petersburg,  Va.,  December  1864. 

SATTERLEE,  E.,  Private.  Enlisted  .April  1861  for  tlie  war.  Captured  in  hospital 
at  Richmond.  \'a..  .April  3,   1865. 

SCARBOROUGH,  JOHN  R.,  Private.  Resided  in  .Montgomery  County  and  en- 
listed at  Camp  Holmes  March  26,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Farmville,  Va., 
.April  6,  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va.,  until  released  on  taking 
Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  25,  1865. 

SELF,  WILLLAM  R.,  Corporal.  Captured  at  Winchester,  Va.,  July  20,  1864  and 
confined  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va., 
.March  10-12,   1865. 

SELLERS,  ^VILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Brandy  Station,  Va.,  November  1,  1863 
for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Winchester,  Va.,  September  19,  1864.  .Absent  wounded 
through  December  1864. 

SHEETS,  ENOCH,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  A'ance  September  15.  1864  for  the 
war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

SHEETS,  ,  Private.     Enlisted  at  Camp  \ance  October   1.   1864  for  the 

war.  .Missing  in  action  October  19,  1864. 

SHEETS,  WILEY,  Private.  Captured  at  Strasburg,  \'a.,  October  19.  1864  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Landing, 
James  River,  Va.,  February  1415,  1865. 

SILVER,  DAVID  R.,  Private.  Born  in  Aancey  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  Coinitv  at  age  29.  June   15,   1861   for  the  war. 


364  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill.  Va,,  July  1,  1862.  Discharged  from  the  6th  Regiment 
N.  C.  State  Troops  .'\ugust  I.t.  1863  and  commissioned  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant  in  Com- 
pany K,  58th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops.  Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  Januai^- 
Februars'  1864.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  .August  1864.  .Admitted  to 
hospital  at   Charlotte  April  9.   1865.  with   rank  of   Captain. 

SINGLETON,  KENNETH  R.,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as 
a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  23.  June  15.  1861  for 
the  war.  'Wounded  at  Battle  of  .Second  Manassas.  Va..  August  30,  1862.  Killed 
in  action  at  Somen  ille  Ford,  Xa..  September  17.  1863. 

SINGLETON,  W.ALTER  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Mitchell  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  famrer  prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  18.  June  24.  1861 
for  the  war.  ^Vounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August  29.  1862.  Wounded 
at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  July  2.  1863  and  captured  on  return  and  admitted  to  hos- 
pital at  Frederick.  Md..  Julv  6.  1863.  Confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  re- 
leased after  taking  Oath   of  .Allegiance  June   19,   1865. 

SISK,  J.  OLIVER,  Private.  Resided  in  Rutherford  County  and  enlisted  in  Burke 
County  at  age  21,  March  17.  1862  for  the  war.  ^Vounded  at  Malvern  Hill.  Va., 
July  1.  1862  and  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Captured  in  hospital  at 
Gettysburg  and  confined  at  DeCamp  General  Hospital.  David's  Island.  N.  Y. 
Harbor,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point.  Va..  August  28,  1863. 
Captured  at  Burkeville,  Va..  April  6.  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va., 
until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  30,  1865. 

SLAGLE,  McCURRY,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as  a  faiTirer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  18,  June  15,  1861  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a..  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing.  Va., 
February  25-March  3.   1865. 

SMALLWOOD,  JACOB  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  26.  March 
5,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2,  1863  and  captured  in 
hospital   at  Gettysburg  where  he  died  Jidy  29,    1863. 

SMITH,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at 
age  21.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Transferred  to  Company  D.  this  regiment, 
June  1861.  ' 

SORRELS,  JOSHUA  M.,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  and  resided  as  a  fanner 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  19.  June  15,  1861.  Wounded  at 
Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21,  1861  and  discharged  .August  26,  1861  by  reason 
of  wound. 

SPARKS,  JAMES  T.,  Private.  Born  in  Surry  County  and  resided  in  Yadkin  County 
as  a  stone  mason  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  26.  May  28.  1861  for 
the  war.  'Wounded  and  admitted  to  hospital  November  8.  1862.  Captured  near 
Petersburg.  \'a.,  March  25.  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until 
released  after  taking  Oath   of  Allegiance  June  20,   1865. 

SPARKS,  SAMUEL  B.,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp 
Martin  at  age  40.  June  28,  1862  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in  Company 
B,  5th  Battalion  N.  C.  Cavalry  which  became  Company  K,  65th  Regiment  N.  C. 
Troops  (6th  Regiment  N.  C.  Cavalry).  Transferred  to  Company  E.  6th  Regiment 
N.  C.  State  Troops  March  20.  1864.  Captured  at  AVinchester.  \'a.,  September  19. 
1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  \enus 
Point.  Savannah  River,  Ga.,  November  15,  1864. 


Roster  365 

STARLING,  J.  W.  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Stokes  November  3,  1864  for 
the  war.  Paroled  at  ^Vashington,  D.  C.  about  March  30.  1865.  having  been 
received  from  the  Pro\ost  Marshal.  9th  .-Vrni)'  Corp.s  as  a  "deserter  from  the 
enemy."   Transportation   furnished   to    Hamilton   County.   Ind. 

STEPHENSON,  JAMES  C,  Private.  Born  in  Iredell  County  and  resided  in  Burke 
County  as  a  fanner  prior  to  enlistment  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  29,  June  15, 

1861  for   the   war.   Wounded   at   Seven    Pines,   Va.,   May   31,    1862   and   died   of 
wound  July  2,  1862. 

STEWART,  CHARLES  D.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  32,  August 
16,  1861  for  the  war.  Detailed  in  Quartermaster  Department  as  a  teamster 
February  8,  1862  through  October  1864.  Discharged  FebruaiT  23.  1865  by  reason 
of  being  "elected  a  commissioned  officer." 

STONE,  E.  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  \'ance  .\ugusl  15,  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  .\ppomattox  Court  House.  Ya.,  .April  9,   1865. 

SUTTLES,  ISAAC,  Private.  Wounded  at  Plymouth  April  20.  1864.  ,\bsent  wounded 
through   December   1864. 

TALLEY,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Stokes  November  1,  1864  for 
the   war.    Present   or   accoiuited    for   through    December    1864. 

TAYLOR,  S.  D.,  Private.     Paroled  at  Morganton  .May  29.  1865. 

THOMAS,  JACOB,  Private.  Born  in  Mitchell  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  -\lamance  County  at  age  18.  June  27,  1861  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Battle  of  First  .Manassas  Julv  21.  1861  and  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July 
2,   1863.  Absent  wounded  through  December   1864. 

TOLLEY,  DAVID,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Mitchell  County  at  age  23.  March  7,  1862 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \a..  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Vllegiance 
March  14,  1864. 

VANCE,  GASTON,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  18.  August  16,  1861 
for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

VANCE,  TILLMAN,  Private.  Born  at  Johnston,  Tenn.,  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  26.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Rappahannock  Station,  Xa.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Poiirt  Look- 
out, Md..  until  paroled  and  e.Kchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  February  25- 
March  3.  1865. 

WARLICK,  KENNETH  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistnrent  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  19,  June  15,  1861  for 
the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

WATTS,  WILLIAM  D.,  Private.     Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  32,  .March   17, 

1862  for   the  war.   Present   or   accounted   for   through    December    1864.   Paroled 
at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  \'a.,  .April  9.   1865. 

WHETSTINE,  LAWSON  A.,  Private.  Born  in  Lincoln  County  and  resided  in 
Burke  County  as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  age  40,  March  16,  1862  for  the 
war.  Discharged  at  Camp   near   Fredericksburg.  Va.,   March   24,    1863. 


366  The  Bloody  Sixth 

WHISENHUNT,  JOHN,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  Count)-  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  27,  March  5.  1862  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Camp 
near  Richmond.  Va.,  July  23.  1862  by  reason  of  "anemia  resulting  from  chronic 
disease."  Company  Muster  Rolls  carry  him  as  absent  sick  through  February 
1863  and  as  present  or  accounted  for  from  that  date  through  December  1864. 
Captured  in  hospital  at  Farmville,  \a..  and  paroled  April  11-21.  1865. 

WHISENHUNT,  NOAH,  Private.  Born  in  Randolph  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  40,  June  15,  1861  for 
the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through   December   1864. 

WHISENHUNT,  THOMAS,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  33,  September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Killed  near 
Fredericksburg,  \'a..  May  4,  1863. 

WHISENHUNT,  ^VILLIAM  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  ^'irginia  at  age  37,  February 
8,  1863  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  May  3,  1863  and  confined 
at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point.  Va.,  May 
23,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  where  he  died  December  9,  1863  of  typhoid  fever. 

WHISSENHUNT,  ALEXANDER  BRANSON.  Enlisted  in  early  1862.  Mortally 
wounded  near  Culpeper  Court  House,  Va.,  in   1863. 

WHISTENHUNT,  EPHRAIM,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  Comity  where  lie  resided 
as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  20.  February  14,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at 
Camp  near  Richmond,  \'a.,  September  6,  1862  of  fever. 

WELES,   ,    Private.     Enlisted    at    Camp    Vance    October    1.    1864    for    the 

war.  Missing  in  action  October  19,  1864. 

■WILLIAMS,  'VVILLIAM,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp 
Vance  March  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Farmville,  Va..  .April  6,  1863 
and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Alle- 
giance June  25,  1865. 

WILLIS,  BENJAMIN,  Private.     Enlisted  in   Mitchell  County  at  age  28,  March   10 

1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  \'a.,  Xovemljer  7.  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Land- 
ing, Va.,  February  25— March  3,  1865. 

WILLIS,  ELI,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Mitchell  County  at  age  36,  March  7,  1862  for 
the  war.  Captured  and  paroled  at  Leesburg,  Va.,  October  2.  1862.  .Absent  with- 
out leave  after  March  18,  1863. 

WILLIS,  HENRY  L.,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  Mitchell  County  at  age  26,  March  7,  1862  for  the  war. 
Killed  at  Seven  Pines,  \'a..  May  31,  1862. 

%VILLIS,  JAMES,  Private.  Born  in  .Mitchell  or  Yancey  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  age  31,  March  8,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Ash- 
land,  \'a..   .April   20,    1862   of  measles. 

AVISE,  J.  N.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  16,  1864  for  the  war.  Paroled  at 
.Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April  9,   1865. 

WISE,  THOM.AS  JASPER,  Private.  Born  in  Mitchell  County  and  resided  as  a 
fanner  prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  18.  June  24.  1861  for 
the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  Farm- 
ville, Va.,  .April  11-21,  1865. 


Roster  367 

WISEMAN,  A.4RON  A.,  Corporal.  Born  in  Vancey  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  20.  June  15.  1861  for 
the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Corporal.  Died  at  Camp  Jones.  \a..  September  25.  1861 
of  measles  and  congesti\e  fever. 

WISEM.\N,  ENZOR  C,  Private.  Bsun  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  21.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  ^V'ounded 
at  Sharpsburg.  Md.,  September  17.  1862.  Transferred  to  Company  K.  58th 
Regiment  X.  C.  Troops  March  31.  1863  and  appears  as  present  with  the  rank 
of  Sergeant   through  ..\pril   1863. 

■\\TSEM.\N,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  in  Mitchell  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp 
\'ance  October  4,  1863  for  the  war.  "Deserted  November  25.  1863."  "Captured" 
on  Rapidan  River.  Va..  November  19,  1863  and  confined  at  Old  Capitol 
Prison.  \\'ashington.  D.  C  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance 
March  1,  1864.  ' 

AVISEM.\N,  JOHN  A.  M.,  Private.  Resided  in  Yancey  County  as  a  farmer  prior 
to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  26,  June  15.  1861  for  the  war.  AVounded 
at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  August  29.  1862  and  detailed  as  nurse  because  of 
wound  .April  25.  1863  through  February  1864.  Retired  to  Invalid  Corps  and 
stationed  at  Salisbury. 

WISEM-4N,  THOM.\S,  Sergeant.  Born  in  Y'ancey  County  and  resided  as  a  fanner 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  21.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Cumberland  Gap.  Md..  September  14.  1862  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware, 
Del.,    imtil    paroled    and    exchanged    at    .Aiken's    Landing.    \'a.,    November    10, 

1862.  Promoted  Corporal  Julv  1.  1863  and  appears  as  Sergeant  on  September 
15— October  31,  1864  Muster  Roll.  \Vounded  and  captured  at  "Winchester.  Va., 
September  19,   1864.  Died  of  wounds  September  21.   1864. 

\VISE:MAN,  WILLIAM  HENRY,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as 
a  farmer  in  Mitchell  County  prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  Countv  at  age  20, 
June  15,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  when  elected  2nd  Lieutenant  in  Company 
A.  58th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops.  Elected  2nd  Lieutenant  June  10.  1862  of  Com- 
panv  A.  58th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  and  promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  June  17, 

1863.  Muster  Rolls  of  58th  Regiment  carry  him  as  present  from  January  1863 
through  .August  1864.  .Admitted  to  Ocmulgee  Hospital,  Macon,  Ga.,  March 
25,  1865  and  transferred  .April  15.  1865. 

WOOD,  JOHN  A.,  Private.  Born  in  Johnston.  Tenn.,  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  20,  Mav  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at 
Fredericksburg,  \'a.,  March   1,  1862  of  typhoid  fever. 

WOOD,  J.  OLIVER,  Private.  Born  in  Rutherford  County  and  originallv  enlisted 
at  Dahlonega,  Ga.,  March  18,  1861  for  twelve  months  in  Company  H,  Isl 
(Ramsey's)  Georgia  Infantry.  Regiment  disbanded  March  15.  1862  and  he  en- 
listed in  Company  E.  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  at  \\'inchester,  \a..  at  age 
20.  Februarv'  16,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Fredericksburg,  \'a.,  .April  10,  1862  of 
pneuinonia. 

WOODY,  JEMMERSON  M.,  Private.  Resided  in  Yancey  County  and  enlisted  in 
Mitchell  County  at  age  30.  March  8,  1862.  ^Vounded  and  captured  at  Gettysburg, 
Pa.,  July  4.  1863  and  confined  at  DeCarap  General  Hospital,  David's  Island, 
N,  Y',  Harbor,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  \'a.,  September  16, 
1863.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  \a..  .April  9.  1865. 


368  The  Bloodi'  Sixth 

AVOODV,  WILLIAM  M.,  Private.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  Mitchell  County  at  age  25,  March  8.  1862  for  the  war. 
Died  at  Ashland.  Va..  May  10,  1862  of  measles. 

WRIGHT,  THOMPSON,  Sergeant.  Born  in  Yancey  County  and  resided  as  a 
fanner  prior  to  enlistment  in  .Mamance  County  at  age  20.  June  15,  1861  for 
the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  promoted  to  Corporal  July  1,  1863. 
\Vounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  July  1-2.  1863.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  September 
1.  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Landing. 
James  River,  Va.,  February  14-15,  1865. 

YOUNG,  SAMUEL,  Private.  Born  in  McDowell  County  where  he  enlisted  at  age 
18,  April  23,  1863  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2,  1863.  Died 
at  Washington.  N.  C,  May  22,  1864  of  disease. 

YOUNT,  ANDREW,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Petersburg,  Va..  May  18.  1864  for  the 
war.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House.  Va.,  April  9,  1865. 


COMPANY  F 

OFFICERS 

CAPTAINS 

WILSON,  JAMES  W.  Resided  in  .Alamance  County  and  appointed  Captain  by 
Governor  Ellis  at  age  28.  May  16.  1861.  Resigned  November  27,  1861.  .Appointed 
Captain.  Assistant  Quartermaster,  49th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  April  12.  1862. 
Promoted    to   Captain.   Quartermaster,    49th    Regiment    N.    C.   Troops    May    18. 

1862.  Promoted  to  Major.  Quartermaster,  Brigadier  General  S.  D.  Ramseur's 
Brigade  April  13.  1863.  Resigned  to  accept  position  as  Chief  Engineer  and 
Superintendent  Western   North   Carolina  Railroad   October  3.   1863. 

CARTER,  ROBERT  N.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  23  and  appointed  1st 
Lieutenant    to   rank   from    May    16,    1861.    Promoted   to   Captain    November   27, 

1863.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill.  Va.,  July  1,  1862  and  died  of  wound  July  2, 
1862. 

WHITE,  BENJAMIN  FRANKLIN.  Resided  in  .Alamance  County  and  enlisted  at 
Charlotte  at  age  31.  May  24.  1861.  .Appointed  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant  to  rank  from 
May  16.  1861.  Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  November  27.  1861.  Promoted  to 
Captain  July  15,  1862.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  August  29,  1862 
and  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va., 
November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Johnson's  Island.  Oliio,  until  released  after 
taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  13,  1865. 

LIEUTENANTS 

ALBRIGHT,  GEORGE  NICHOLAS,  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant.  Born  in  Alairiance 
County  where  he  resided  as  a  student  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  21, 
May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Sergeant  and  appointed  Jr  2ird 
Lieutenant  November  22,  1861  and  promoted  to  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant  July  15,  1862. 
Wounded  at  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  December  14,  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station.  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  until  released  at  Fort  Delaware, 
Del.,  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  12,   1865. 


II 


Roster  369 

DIXON,  HENRY  C,  1st  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  Alamance  County  and  enlisted 
at  Charlotte  at  age  19.  May  16.  1861  for  the  war.  .'Appointed  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant 
to  rank  from  May  16.  1861.  Promoted  to  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant  November  27,  1861 
and  to  1st  Lieutenant  Jidy  15,  1862.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md..  September 
17,  1862  and  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Johnson's  Island,  Ohio,  until 
released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June   13.   1865. 

MEBANE,  BARTLETT  YANCEY,  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant.  Born  in  Orange  County 
and  resided  in  .Maraance  Coimtv  as  a  merchant  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte 
at  age  28.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  1st  Sergeant.  ^Vounded  at 
Sharpsburg.  Md..  September  17.  1862.  Elected  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant  July  15,  1862 
and  killed  at  Cold  Harbor.  Va.,  Jiuie  7,   1864. 

MEB.4NE,  WILLIAM  A.,  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at 
age  24.  June  2,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appears  as  present 
or  accoimted  for  througii  December  1864  as  a  Private.  Elected  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant 
JanuaiT  27,   1865,  Paroled  at  .Appomattox   Court   House,  Va.,  .April   9.   1865. 

NON-COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS  AND  PRIVATES 

.4LBERT,  ROBERT  J.,  Sergeant.     Enlisted   in   .Alamance  County  at   age  24.   June 

15.  1861  lor  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appears  as  present  or  accounted 
for  through  December  1864  with  same  rank.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court 
House.  \"a.,  April  9.   1865  with   the  rank  of  Sergeant. 

ALBERT,  W.  H.,  Private,     Enlisted   December   15,   1861   for   the   war.        ^ 

ALBERT,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  19.  July  21, 
1863  lor  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at 
-Appomattox  Court  House.  \"a.,  .April  9,   1865. 

ALBRIGHT,  JOHN  D,,  Private.     Enlisted  February   27,   1862   for  the  war. 

ALBRIGHT,  JOHN  S.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  at  age  25,  September  8,  1862 
tor  tlic  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  2.  1863  and  carried  as  "missing" 
and  "killed."  .Appears  on  hospital  register  at  Lynchburg.  \'a.,  .August  21,   1863. 

ALBRIGHT,  W.  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  7.  1864  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Cedar  Creek,  \a.,  October  19,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md.,  until  paroled  at  -Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  March  30,  1865.  Paroled  ai 
Greensboro  May   16,  1865. 

AMSDEN,  J.  B.,  Private.  .Appears  on  a  roll  of  prisoners  of  war  paroled  at  Fort 
Monroe.  \'a.,  -August  3.  1862  and  released  for  exchange  .August  31.  1862.  Entry 
on  roll  cancelled  by  line  which  would  indicate  either  that  he  was  not  paroled, 
a  clerical  error,  or  a  false  name. 

ANDREWS,  W.  G.,  Private.  Born  in  -Alamance  County  where  he  enlisted  at  age 
20.  February  20,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Riclnnond.  \'a..  July  26,  1862  of 
pneumonia. 

ANTHONY,  GEORGE  AV.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  -Alamance  County  at  age  19. 
February  15.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  \'a.,  No- 
vember 7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged 
at   -Aiken's   Landing,   \a.,   February   25-March    3,    1865.    Paroled   at    Greensboro 

May  16,  1865. 

ASLEY,  W,  C,  Private.  Captured  at  Strasburg.  \'a..  October  19.  1864  and  con- 
fined  at    Point   Lookout,    Md. 


370  The  Bloody  Sixth 

BARTON,  ELI,  Private.  Resided  in  Alamance  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp 
Stokes  November  8.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  Va.,  March 
25,  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.  Released  after  taking  Oath  of 
Allegiance  June  24,   1865. 

BASON,  GEORGE  F.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  at  age  21,  August  8,  1861 
for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Sergeant  April  1,  1862. 
Promoted  to  Sergeant-Major  October  1,  1862  and  transferred  to  the  Field  and 
Staff. 

BASON,  JOHN  W.,  Corporal.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  23,  June  15, 
1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  October  1, 
1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined 
at  Point  Lookoiu,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Wharf,  James 
River,  Va.,  February  20-21,  1865. 

BASON,  JOSEPH  H.,  Sergeant.  Born  in  Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
teacher  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  21.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war. 
Mustered  in  as  Sergeant  and  died  in  Alamance  County  August  17.  1861  of 
typhoid  fever. 

BECK,  PETER,  Private.     Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  8,  1865. 

BEESON,  JAMES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  18.  1864  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Strasljurg,  \'a.,  September  23.  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  4,  1865. 

BIVENS,  JOSEPH,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  22,  Februai^  19,  1862  for  the  war.  W^'ounded  at 
Gaines'  Mill,  Va.,  June  27,  1862  and  discharged  at  Huguenot  Springs  Hospital, 
Va.,  November  20,   1862  by  reason  of  wound. 

BIVENS,  MICHAEL,  Private.  Resided  in  .Alamance  County  ivhere  he  enlisted 
at  age  21,  February  19,  1862  for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Gaines'  Mill,  Va., 
June  27,  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Alle- 
giance June  23,  1865. 

BRADSHAW,  GRAHAM  G.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  and  resided 
as  a  school  teacher  prior  to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  22,  July 
4,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher,  \a..  December  5,  1861  o£ 
typhoid  pneumonia. 

BRADSHAAV,  JAMES  N.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  Coiurty  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  IS,  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va.,  July  1,  1862.  Captured  at  Hagerstown, 
Md.,  September  16,  1862  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  November 
10,  1862.  Wounded  at  Chancellorsville,  Va.,  May  4,  1863  and  died  of  wound 
at   Richmond,  Va.,  May  27,   1863. 

BRADSHAW,  JAMES  T.,  Private.  Resided  in  Alamance  County  where  he  en- 
listed at  age  22,  June  17,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  Va., 
May  31,  1862  and  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  Wharf,  James  River,  Va.,  March  18, 
1865.  Took  Oath  of  Allegiance  at  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  June  23,   1865. 

BROWN,  HENRY,  Private.  Enlisted  February  2,  1864.  Died  at  Staunton,  Va., 
July   18,   1864   of   disease. 


Roster  371 

BURNS,  RANSOM,  Private.  Born  in  Randolpli  County  and  resided  in  Ala- 
mance County  as  a  fanner  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  29.  May 
28,  1861  for  the  war.  Detailed  as  ambulance  driver  from  time  of  enlistment. 
Captured  at  Strasburg.  Va..  October  19,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,   until   released   after   taking   Oath   of  Allegiance  June   23,    1865. 

CANNON,  GEORGE  F.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Berkeley  County,  Va.,  September 
1.   1864   for  the  war.   Absent   without   leave  after   October   8,    1864. 

CAPPS,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  4.  1864  for  the  war. 
Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  March  28,  1865.  wounded,  and 
captured   in   hospital   April   3,    1865.   Paroled   May  5,    1865. 

GARFIELD,  HENRY  L.,  Private.  Resided  in  Alamance  County.  Captured  at 
Harpers  Ferry,  Va,,  Julv  10-12.  1864  and  confined  at  Elmira,  X.  Y..  until 
released   after   taking   Oath    of   .-Mlegiance   June    12.    1865. 

CARROLL,  JEREMIAH  M.,  Private.  Born  in  Ireland  and  conscripted.  Cap- 
tured at  Suffolk,  \'a.,  June  14,  1863.  Confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  where 
Phe  joined  the  United  States  service  September  4.  1863  and  was  mustered  into 
Company  D,  3rd  Maryland  Cavalry  for  three  years  as  a  Private,  .'\ppointed 
Bugler    December    15,    1863.    Deserted    at    Baltimore.    Md..    January    2,    1864. 

CARSWELL,  A.  D.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  31,  September 
22,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7, 
1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Aiken's  Landing,  \'a..  February  25— March  3,  1865.  Paroled  at  Morganton 
May   16.   1865. 

CARSWELL,  JASPER,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  20.  September 
22.    1862    tor   the   war.    Captured    at    Rappahannock   Station.   Va.,    November    7, 

11863    and   confined    at    Point    Lookout,    Md.,    until    paroled    and    exchanged    at 
Aiken's    Landing,    Va.,    February    25— March    3,    1865.    Paroled    at    Morganton 
;  May   16.   1865. 

I  CARSWELL,  JOSEPH,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  Comity  at  age  25,  Septeinber 
I  22,    1862   for  the   war.    Captured   at    Rappahannock   Station.   Va.,   No\  ember   7, 

j  1863    and   confined    at    Point    Lookout,    Md.,    mitil    paroled    and    exchanged    at 

Aiken's  Landing,  Va..  February  25— March   3.    1865.   Paroled  at   Morganton   May 

16,  1865. 

CARSWELL,  M.  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  26.  September  22. 
1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  and  captured  in  hospital  at  Chambersburg,  Pa., 
July  5.  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  transferred  to  Point 
Lookout,  Md.,  where  he  died  October  6,  1864. 

CARSWELL,  W.  D.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  34.  September  22, 
1862  for  the  war.  Died  in  Burke  County  .August  7,   1863  of  consinnption. 

CARSWELL,  WILLIAM  R.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  34,  Septem- 
ber 22,  1862  for  the  war.  Sent  to  hospital.  Richmond.  \'a..  December  28.  1862.  .'Ap- 
pears on  a  register  of  hospital  at  Richmond  with  the  remark  that  he  died 
December  28,  1862  and  was  "brought  from  the  Fredericksburg  cars  dead.  Cause 
unknown." 

CARTER,  NATHAN,  Private.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  Aa.,  April 
9,    1865. 

CARTER,  W.,  Private.  Captured  in  hospital  at  Richmond.  \'a..  .April  3,  1865  and 
turned  over  to  Provost  Marshal  April  14,   1865, 


372  The  Bi.ood^-  Sixth 

GATES,  H.,  Private.  Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  3,  1863  and  confined  at 
Fort  Dela^vare.  Del. 

GATES,  ISAIAH,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  October  22.  1864  for  the  war. 
Present  or  accounted  for  through  December   1864. 

GATES,  WILLIAM  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  October  22.  1864  for  the 
war.  Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond.  Va..  .\pril  2.  1865  where  he  was 
captured  .\pril  3,  186.5.  Transferred  to  Newport  News.  \'a..  where  he  died  May 
24,  1865  of  chronic  diarrhea. 

CHARLES,  SOLOMON  MAHLOM,  Private.  Enli,sled  at  Raleigh  March  18,  1864 
for  the  war.   Present  or  accounted   for   through   December   1864. 

CHEEK,  HENRY  A.,  Sergeant.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  lie  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  34.  March  1.  1862  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private 
and  wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill.  Va..  June  27,  1862,  Present  or  accounted  for 
through  December  1864  as  a  Private.  Captured  at  Petersburg.  Va..  March  21. 
1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  released  on  taking  Oath  of 
Allegiance  June  24,  1865,  .Appears  as  Sergeant  on  1865  records, 

COBLE,  ALFRED,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  Maixh  1,  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court   House.  Va.,  .April  9,   1865. 

COOK,  THOMAS,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  36,  September  22, 
1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7.  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's 
Wharf.  James   River.  \'a.,   March   16,   1865. 

CRABTREE,  THOMAS  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  brick-mason  and  enlisted  at  age  24.  June  27,  1861  for  the  war  in  Company 
D,  1st  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops.  Discharged  in  .August  1861.  Enlisted  in 
Company  K,  19th  Regiment  N,  C,  State  Troops  (2nd  Regiment  N.  C,  Cavalry) 
in  Orange  County  September  10,  1861  for  the  war,  Discliarged  at  Drewry's  Bluff, 
Va.,  October  30,  1862  by  reason  of  chronic  rheumatism.  Enlisted  in  Company  F, 
6tli  Regiment  N.  C,  State  Troops  in  .Alamance  County  July  11,  1863.  volunteering 
to  avoid  conscription.  Discharged  at  Lynchburg,  Va,,  September  28,  1863  by 
reason  of  extreme  debility  and  anemia, 

CRAGIE,  I.  H.,  Private.     Paroled   at    Camp   Direction,   Greensboro,   in    1865. 

CRAIGIE,   HUGH,   Private.     Paroled    at   Camp   Direction,   Greensboro,   in    1865. 

GREEDLE,  CYRUS  N.,  Private.  Resided  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  enlisted 
at  age  32,  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Detailed  as  courier  and  wounded  at  I 
Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  1-3.  1863.  Detailed  as  drillmaster  at  Camp  Holmes,  Raleigh,! 
in  December  1863,  and  attached  to  Captain  Samuel  B.  \Vaters'  Company  Provostl 
Guard,  Raleigh,  from  May  1,  1864  through  December  1864  because  of  wound.j 
Took  Oath  of  .Allegiance  at  Raleigh  May  24,  1865. 

CRUTGHFIELD,  E.  F.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  18,  July  1, 
1803  for  the  war.   Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court   House,  Va.,  .April  9,   1865. 

CRUTCHFIELD,   GEORGE   P.,   Private.     Enlisted    at    Kinston    February    27,    1864| 

for  the  war.   Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court   House,  Va.,  .April  9,   1865. 

CRUTCHFIELD,  JAMES  H.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  Comity  and  resided  asl 
a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  21.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.l 
Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  Appomattox| 
Court   House.  \'a.,   April  9.   1865. 


Roster  373 

DEAN,  MADISON,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  18.  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  29.  1865. 

DEEN,  JOHN  P.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  18,  1864  for  the  war.  Missing 
after  battle  near  \\'inchester,  Va.,  July  20,   1864. 

DIXON,  GEORGE  F.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  teacher 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  28,  .Mav  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Detailed 
as  .Acting  Quartermaster  Sergeant  from  June  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station.  \'a..  N'oxember  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md,,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  Wharf.  James  River.  Xa..  Februarv  20-21, 
I         1865.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  Mav  15.  1865. 

DIXON,  JAMES  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  at  age  23.  November  1.  1862 
for  the  war.  ^Vounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox 
Court  House,  Va,.  April  9,   1865. 

DIXON,  SHELBY  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  7.  1864  for  the  war. 
■Wounded  and  missing  at  Winchester,  \a..  September  19.  1864  and  presumed 
dead. 

DURH.4M,  JOHN  M.,  Sergeant.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a  fanner 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  21,  .May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered 
I  in  as  Corporal.  Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill,  Va,,  June  27,  1862.  Promoted  to 
''  Sergeant  July  1,  1862  and  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa„  July  2,  1863.  Captured  at 
Smithburg.  Md..  Julv  5,  1863  and  confined  in  hospital  at  Baltimore,  Md,,  until 
transferred  to  Point  Lookout,  Md„  -August  22.  1863.  Paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Coxes  Landing.  James  Rixer,  Va.,  February  14-15,  1865. 

DURH.AM,  ROBERT,  Private.     Born  in  .Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a  fanner 
'  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  18.  May  28,   1861   for  the  war.  Captured 

at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17-18.  1862  and  paroled  near  Sharpsburg  Septem- 
ber 21,  1862.  Exchanged  November— December  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station.  \'a..  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  \'a..  Februan.'  20-21,   1865. 

DURHAM,  WILLI.AM  S.,  Prix  ate.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  in  .Ala- 
mance County  as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  28, 

1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Strasburg.  \'a..  September  23,  1864  and  confined 
at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  A'enus  Point.  Savannah 
River,  Ga..  November  15,  1864.  Captured  at  Fannville,  \'a..  .April  6,  1865  aird 
confined  at  Newport  News,  \'a.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance 
June  25,   1865, 

EVANS,  JAMES,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to   enlistment  at   Charlotte  at  age    19,   May   28,   1861,   "Deserted   Jiure   26, 

1862  near  Gaines'  Farm"  and  "captured"  at  \\hite  House  Landing,  \'a..  Jiuie 
29,   1862.  Took  Oath  of  Allegiance  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del..  August   10,   1862, 

EVANS,  ROBERT,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  20,  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17,  1862.  Died  at  Strasburg,  Va., 
of  gunshot  wound  September  20.  1864. 

FAUCETT,  ELMORE,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted  at 
Raleigh  March  18,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Farmville,  ^'a,,  .April  6,  1865 
and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va,,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Alle- 
giance June  25,   1865. 

FAUCETT,  J.  W.,  Private.     Died  at   Piynrouth   of  gunshot   wound   .April   19.   1864. 


374  The  Bloody  Sixth 

FAUCETT,  LEVI,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a  fanner 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  28,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  June  27.  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until 
transferred  to  Point  Lookout,  Md..  October  18,  1863.  Paroled  and  exchanged 
at  Coxes  Wliarf,  James  River,  Va.,  February  20-21.  1863.  Paroled  at  Greensboro 
May  17,  1865. 

FAUCETT,  THOMAS,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  43,  Septem- 
ber 3,  1863  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7, 
1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Venus  Point,  Savannah  River,  Ga.,  November  15,  1864.  Paroled  at  Greensboro 
May  16,  1865. 

FAUCETT,  THOMAS  R.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  at  age  19,  August  8,  1861 
for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Sergeant  October  1,  1862. 
Wounded  and  captured  at  ^Vinchester.  Va.,  September  19,  1864.  Died  of  wound 
September  21,  1864. 

FAUST,  JOHN  M.,  Corporal.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  November  1.  1863  for  the  war. 
Mustered  in  as  Private  and  carried  as  such  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at 
Appomattox  Court  House.  Va.,  .April  9,   1865  as  Corporal. 

FAUST,  WILLIAM  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  4,  1864  for  the  war. 
Present  or  accounted  for  through   December   1864. 

FITCH,  BEDFORD  F.,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  34,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va., 
iMarch  16,  1865. 

FOUNTAIN,  A.,  Private.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7, 
1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged 
February  13,  1865. 

FOWLER,  JAMES  K.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  26,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded 
and  missing  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  2,  1863. 

FREELAJVD,  JOSEPH  G.,  Sergeant.  Born  in  Alamance  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Sergeant  November— December 
1864.  Captured  at  Petersburg,  ^'a..  March  25.  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out,  Md.,   until   released  after  taking  Oath   of   Allegiance  June  26,    1865. 

FREELAND,  MORRISON,  Private.  Mortally  wounded  at  Strasburg,  Va.,  Septem- 
ber-October 1864. 

GIBSON,  JAMES  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a  famier 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  17.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded 
at  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  December  14,  1862.  Died  at  Gordonsville,  Va.,  June  10, 
1863  of  typhoid  fever. 

GIBSON,  JOHN  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  28,  February 
28.  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Chancellorsville,  \'a..  May  4.  1863.  Wounded  at 
Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1.  1863  and  captured  at  Gettysburg  July  3,  1863.  Died  at 
Point  Lookout,  Md.,  FebruaiT  24.   1864. 


Roster  375 

GIBSON,  JOHN  'W.,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
mechanic  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  22.  May  28,  ISfil  for  the  war. 
Captin-ed  at  Strasburg.  \'a.,  September  23,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June  27,   1865. 

GIBSON,  THOM.\S,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  mechanic 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  25,  Mav  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Rappahannock  Station,  \a..  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Landing,  James  River,  Va., 
February   14-15,   1865.   Paroled  at   Raleigh   May  23,   1865, 

GIBSON,  THOMAS  E.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  Countv  at  age  21,  February 
15,  1862  for  the  war.   Rilled  at  Chancellors\ille,  \'a.,  May  4,   1863. 

HAMILTON,  JOSEPH  A.,  Sergeant.  Born  in  .\lamance  County  and  resided  as  a 
faiTuer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  20,  .May  28.  1861  for  the  war. 
Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  July  1,  1862.  "Woinided  at  Bat- 
tle of  Second  Manassas  August  29,  1862.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  .\pril  1,  1863. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va„  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Wharf.  James 
River.  Va.,  February  20-21,   1865,  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  20,   1865. 

H.\TCH,  FOSTER  A.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  at  Raleigh 
as  a  machinist  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  28,  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  Mustered  in  as  Corporal  and  reduced  to  ranks  December  1.  1861,  AVounded 
at  Chancellorsville,  \'a..  May  4,  1863.  ^Voimdeti  February  6,  1865  and  furloughed 
March  7.  1865  for  60  days.  Paroled  at  Raleigh  .April   10,  1865. 

HERRTNG,  HENRY,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a  fanner 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  22,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  ^Vounded 
at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va,,  November  7,  1863.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court 
House.  Va.,  .April  9,  1865. 

HILDERBRAN,  A.  D.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  35.  September  22, 
1862  for  the  war.  Detailed  as  Brigade  Blacksmith,  June  9,  1863,  Died  at  Liberty, 
Va.,  of  gunshot  wound  June  19,  1864. 

HOBBS,  'iVILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Hillsboro  at  age  40,  February  24.  1862  for 
the  war.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August  31,  1862.  .Absent 
wounded  until  detailed  at  Charlotte  September  9,   1864. 

HODGE,  JOHN,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  fanner  prior 
to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  20,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  \'a.,  February  25- 
March  3,  1865.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  16,  1865. 

HOLT,  .ALEX.iNDER,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  27.  July  3. 
1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookoiu,  Md.,  luitil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Citv  Point, 
\'a„  .April  30,  1864.  Furloughed  December   1864. 

HOLT,  LINN  B.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided  and  en- 
listed at  age  20,  July  3,  1861  for  the  war  in  Company  F,  6th  Regiment  N.  C. 
State  Troops.  Transferred  to  Company  1,  8th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  Oc- 
tober 15,  1861  and  appointed  2nd  Lieutenant  to  rank  from  .Mav  16,  1861.  Cap- 
tured at  Roanoke  Island  February  8.  1862  and  paroled  at  Elizabeth  Citv  February 
21.  1862.  \Voiuided  at  Morris  Island,  S.  C,  August  25-September  3.  1863. 
Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  January  1,  1864.  Wounded  June  16,  1864.  ^\'ounded 


376  The  Bloods-  Sixth 

and  captured  at  Fort  Harrison,  Va.,  September  ."SO,  1864  and  hospitalized  at  Fort 
Monroe,  Va..  and  later  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.  Released  after  taking 
Oath    of   Allegiance    June    17.    1865. 

HORNER,  ANDERSON,  Private.     Born  in  Alamance  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp 
Fisher,  Va.,  at  age  18,  February  18,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  ."Ashland.  Va.,  May 

T        loco     ^C 1  — 


/, 


1862  of  measles. 


ISELEY,  LEWIS  C,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Bartow,  Va.,  at  age  16.  April  3, 
1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  1,  1863  and  captured  in 
hospital  at  Gettysburg  where  he  died  July   16.   1863. 

JOHNSTON,  JOHN  YANCEY,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  and  resided 
as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  21.  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  Died  at  .Ashland.  \'a..  .\pril  26.  1862  of  measles. 

JOHNSTON,  WILLIAM  G.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  18,  June 
25,  1863  for  the  war.  Wounded  and  captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va., 
November  7.  1863  and  admitted  to  Lincoln  Hospital,  Washington.  D.  C.  Novem- 
ber 12.   1863.  Transferred  to  Kalorama  Hospital  December  23,   1863. 

JONES,  AQUILLA,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  32.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  .Appointed 
Musician  the  same  day.  Reduced  to  ranks  prior  to  October  1.  1861.  Detailed  as 
guard  for  ordnance  train  March  16.  1863  through  December  1864.  Paroled 
at  Appomattox   Court   House.  Va..   .April  9,   1865. 

JONES,  THOMAS  J.,  Private.     Born   in  .Alamance  or  Orange  County  and   resided 

as  a   farmer  prior  to  enlistment   at   Charlotte   at   age  21,   May  28.    1861    for  the 
war.  Died  at  Louisa  Court   House,  Va..  .August  27,   1861   of   typhoid   fever. 

JONES,  WILLI.AM  D.,  Private.     Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  in  .Alamance 

County  as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in   Orange  County  at  age  23.  February 

21,     1862    for    the    war.    Died    in    .Alamance    County    December  30,     1862    of 
consumption. 

KECK,  DANIEL  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  -Alamance  County  at  age  20.  February 
15,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  \'a..  May  31,  1862  and  died  of 
wound  Jiuie  1.  1862. 

KECK,  JAMES  M.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a  cotton 
operative  prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  18.  February  15.  1862 
for  the  war.  Wounded  September  15— October  31.  1864  and  discharged  December 
30,  1864  by  reason  of  permanent  disability. 

KERR,  WILLL4M  J.,  Sergeant.  Born  in  Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  pri<n-  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  20.  May  28,  1861  for  the  wai'. 
Wounded  at  Chancellorsville,  \'a..  May  4,  1863  and  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July 
1.  1863.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864  as  a  Private.  Paroled 
at  Appomattox  Court  House.  \'a.,  April  9.  1865  with   the  rank  of  Sergeant. 

KIRKPATRICK,  JORD.4N  H.,  Corporal.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided 
as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  C:liarlotte  at  age  22.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war. 
Mustered  in  as  Corporal.  Killed  at  Sharpsburg,   Md..  September   17,    1862. 

KIRKPATRICK,  WILLIAM  M.,  Corporal.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age 
18.  June  10,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal 
April  1,  1863.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahan- 
nock Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md., 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  February  25— March  3, 
1865. 


Roster  377- 

LASHLEY,  SIDNEY  M.,  Corporal.  Born  in  Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a 
carpenter  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  21.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war. 
Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  December  1.  1862.  ^Vounded  at 
Gettysburg.  Pa..  July  2.  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \a..  November 
7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Coxes  Landing.  James  River,  \'a.,  February  14-15,  1865.  Paroled  at  Raleigh 
.May  23.  1865. 

LASHLEY,   THOMAS   A.,    Private.     Born   in   .Alamance   County   and    resided    as   a 

farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war. 
Detailed  as  teamster  May  1863  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  Raleigh 
May  23,  1865. 

LASHLEY,  WESLEY  C,  Private.  Born  in  .-Mamance  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  20.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17,  1862.  Captured  at  Cedar  Creek, 
Va.,  October  19,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and 
exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  .March  28.  1865.  Paroled  at  Raleigh  May 
23,  1865. 

LATTA,  JOSEPH  S.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  18,  1864  for  the  war. 
.Absent  sick  after  September  19.  1864. 

LINDSEY,  MERRITT  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Prince  Edward  County,  Va.,  and 
resided  as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Hillsboro  at  age  30.  February  24, 
1862  for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Gaines'  Mill.  \'a.,  June  27.  1862  and  dischaiged 
at  Richmond.  \'a..  September   15.   1862   by  rea.sou  of  wound. 

LINVILLE,  DAVID,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  18.  1864  for  the  war. 
Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May 
16.  1865. 

LUKE,  JOHN,  Private.  Resitled  in  .Alamance  County  and  enlisted  May  28.  1861 
for  the  war. 

MARTIN,  JAMES,  Private.  Born  in  Forsyth  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer  prior 
to  enlistment  at  Raleigh  March  18,  1864  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Richmond, 
\'a.,  at  age  38.  January  6,  1865  by  reason  of  general  anemia. 

McCOLLUM,  SQUIRE,  Private.  Resided  in  Guilford  County  and  enlisted  at 
Raleigh  March  18.  1864  for  the  war,  "W'ounded  and  captured  at  Winchester.  Va., 
September  19,  1864.  Confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  released  after  taking 
Oath  of  .Allegiance  .May  14.  1865. 

Mcpherson,  Oliver,  Private.  Bom  in  Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23.  May  28.  1861  for  the  u-.Tr. 
Died  at  Lynchburg,  Va..  June  18,  1864  of  gunshot  wound. 

MEBANE,  CORNELIUS,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  22.  June 
10.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Quartermaster 
Sergeant  September  14,   1861   and  transferred  to  the  Field  and  Staff. 

MEB.ANE,  DAVID  A.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  31.  June  10.  1861  for  the  war. 
Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Sergeant-Major  June  20,  1861  and  trans- 
ferred to  the  Field  and  Staff.  Reduced  to  ranks  and  re-assigned  to  this  company 
November  29,  1861.  Discharged  at  Camp  Fisher.  Va..  January  16,  1862  by  reason 
of  "lameness  produced   by  an   attack  of   rliemiiatism." 


378  The  Bloody  Sixth 

MEBANE,  GEORGE  ANDERSON,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age 
18,  August  24.  1863.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April  9,   1865. 

MEBANE,  JOHN  H.,  Private.  Resided  in  .\lamance  County  where  he  enlisted  at 
at  age  20,  January  7,  1863  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  Va.,  March 
25.  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  released  after  taking  Oath 
of  Allegiance  June  29,  1865. 

MEBANE,  THOMAS  Y.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  43,  Septem- 
ber 15.  1863  for  the  war.  Detailed  as  Ordnance  Sergeant  October  31,  1863 
through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House.  Va..  .\pril  9, 
1865. 

MESSER,  D.  ^V.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  18.  1864  for  the  war.  Died 
at  Lynchburg,  Va.,  June  23,  1864  of  disease. 

MINNIS,  MORGAN,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  fanner 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  24.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged 
at  Camp  Fisher.  Va.,  December  31.  1864  by  reason  of  organic  valvular  disease 
of  the  heart. 

MINNIS,  THOM.\S  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  Countv  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  19,  June  10,  1861  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August  29.  1862  and  died  of  wound 
September  2.   1862. 

MOORE,  GEORGE  W.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  19.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded 
at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863  and  captured  in  hospital  at  Gettysburg  where 
he  died  July  5,  1863  .  ' 

MOORE,  JOHN  A.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  24,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured 
and  paroled  near  Keedysville,  Md.,  September  20.  1862.  Exchanged  November- 
December  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  \a..  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  \Vharf, 
James  River,  Va.,  February  14-15,  1865.  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee.  near  Richmond, 
\^a.,  Februar)-  18,  1865. 

MURPHY,  SAMUEL  G.,  Private.  Born  in  Guilford  County  and  resided  as  a 
merchant  and  mechanic  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23.  May  28.  1861 
for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Quartermaster  Sergeant  July 
12,  1861   and  transferred  to   the  Field  and  Staff. 

MURPHY,  STANDFORD,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  at  age  29,  .August  8,  1861 
for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Richmond,  Va.,  in  1862. 

MURRAY,  ELI,  Private.  Resided  in  Alamance  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp 
Stokes  November  8,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  Va.,  March 
25,  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath 
of  Allegiance  June  29,   1865   . 

MURRAY,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a 
mechanic  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  29,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war. 
Died  at  Camp  Fisher,  Va.,  November  20,   1861  of  typhoid  pneumonia. 

NELSON,  DANIEL  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigli  March  18,  1864  for  the  war. 
Absent  sick  after  June  17.  1864. 

NELSON,  ELIJAH,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  .March  18,  1864  for  the  war. 
Absent  without  leave  after  June  15,  1864.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  17,  1865. 


Roster  379 

NICKS,  SHUBAL  C,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  where  lie  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  20,  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Cap- 
tured at  Rappahannock  .Station.  \'a.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point 
Lookout,  Md..  until  released  on  joining  the  United  States  senice  February  19, 
1864.  Mustered  into  Company  E.  1st  Regiment  U.  S.  Volunteers  at  N'orfolk,  Va., 
Mav   1.   1864.  Mustered  out  at   St.  Louis,   Mo.,  December   12,   1865. 

PACE,  ED'W.ARD,  Private.  Born  in  .-Vlamance  County  and  resided  as  a  fanner 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Rappahannock  Station,  \a.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point 
Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .-Viken's  Landing.  \'a.,  February 
25-March  3,  1863.  Paroled  at  Raleigh  Afay  13,  1865. 

PENDER,  CH.ARLES  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Chatham  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  20,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war. 
^Voimded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  I,  1863  and  left  as  nurse  in  hospital  at 
Gettysburg  where  he  was  captured  Julv  5.   1863. 

PENDER,  JAMES  AV.,  Private.  Born  in  .\lamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  17.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war. 
Died  in  Alamance  County  December  3.  1862  of  consumption. 

PENDIJi,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  32.  FebruaiT 
24,  1862  for  the  war.  AVounded  at  Seven  Pines.  \a..  May  31,  1862  and  captured 
at  Fredericksburg.  \'a..  May  3,  1863.  Confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va.,  May  23,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahan- 
nock Station,  \'a.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  where 
he  "died  January  6,  1864."  .Appears  on  record  as  paroled  at  Greensboro  May 
14.   1865. 

PERRV,  W.  F.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  October  22,  1864  for  the  war.  Present 
or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

PETTIGREW,  JOHN  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  20,  February 
24.  1862  for  the  war.  Killed  at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  July  2,   1863. 

PHILLIPS,  IVY,  Private.  Born  in  .\lamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a  car- 
penter and  enlisted  at  age  30,  February  28.  1862  for  the  war.  "Deserted  to  the 
enemy  July  1,  1863"  and  "delivered  himself  up  at  Hanover,  Pa.,  July  3,  1863." 
Confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  where  he  joined  the  United  States  service 
September  18,  1863  and  was  mtistered  into  Company  E,  3rd  .Maryland  Cavalry 
at  Baltimore,  Md.,  September  23.  1863  for  three  years.  Died  at  New  Orleans, 
La..  May  27,  1864  of  accidentally  iuHicted  gunshot  wound. 

PIPER,  .ALEXANDER,  Private.  Resided  in  .\lamance  County  and  enlisted  at 
Raleigh  .March  7,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Farmville.  \'a..  .\pril  6.  1865 
and  confined  at  Newport  News,  \'a..  luUil  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Alle- 
giance June  25,  1865. 

PRESTON,  N.ATHANIEL,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  18.  1864  for  the 
war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through   February   1865. 

PUGH,  ^VILLLAM,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  fanner 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  22.  June  17.  1861  for  the  war. 
Died  at  Camp  Fisher.  \'a.,  October  26,   1861   of  fe\er. 

RAV,  CREELY,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  Ccnuitv  at  age  33.  February  24.  1862 
fcr  the  war.    Died  at  .\shland.  \'a..  .-Vpril   15,  1862  of  measles. 


380  The  Bloodi'  Sixth 

RAY,  JAMES  L.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  Coimtv  at  age  21.  Jnne  17.  1861 
for  tlie  war.  .Accidentally  shot  July  24.  1861  and  furloughed  through  December 
1861.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a.,  November  7.  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken'.s  Landing. 
Va..  February  2.'J-March   3,   1865. 

R.-VV,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  Coimty  at  age  28.  February  28.  1862 
for  the  war.  Killed  at  Battle  of  .Second  Manassas  August  29.  1862. 

RAY,  JOHN  S.,  Private.  Born  in  .\lamance  County  and  resided  as  a  mechanic 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  'Wounded 
at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August  29.  1862  and  died  of  wound  September 
2,  1862. 

R,\Y,  THOMAS,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  20.  February  28. 
1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill.  Va..  July  1.  1862  and  at  Gettysburg, 
Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a..  No\ember  7.  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus 
Point.   Savannah    River.   Ga..   November    15.    1864. 

ROBERSON,  R.  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  October  22.  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court   House.  \'a.,  .April  9,   1865. 

ROSS,  BENJAMIN  F.,  Corporal.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  February  28.  1862 
for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  November  1.  1862. 
Wounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  July  1.  1863  and  died  of  wound  at  Raleigh 
September  28.  1863. 

SHARP,  DANIEL  C,  Private.     Enlisted  in  -Alamance  County  at  age  20.   March    1, 

1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg.   Md.,  September   17,   1862   and   died 
of  wound  September  20-21,   1862. 

SHARP,  DANIEL  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  23,  February 
28,  1862  for  the  war.  '\\'ounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  Jidy  2.  1863  and  ■'left  in  the 
hands  of  the  enemy." 

SHAW,  CORNELIUS,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  35.  February 
15.    1862    for    the   war.   Captured    at    Rappaliannock    Station.    \'a..    November    7, 

1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  where  he  died  .May  5.  1865  of  scur\y. 

SHAW,  J.AMES  P.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a  mechanic 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  25.  -May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Died 
in  .Alamance  Ccuntv  January  30.   1863  of  neuralgia. 

SHAW,  MOSES  N.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Stokes  November  8,  1864  for  the 
war.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  .April  9.  1865  and  again  at 
Raleigh  May  23,  1865. 

SHAW,  WESLEY  P.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  and  enlisted  in  .Alamance 
County  at  age  21,  Julv  2,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher,  Va.,  January 
19,  1862  of  typhoid  pneumonia. 

SHEPPARD,  JACOB,  Private.  Enlisted  at  age  21.  May  10.  1862  in  Company  F,  6th 
Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops.  .Appointed  .Aide-de-Camp  to  General  W.  D.  Pender 
.August  16.  1862  with  the  rank  of  1st  Lieutenant.  Killed  at  Fredericksburg,  \'a  , 
December  13.  1862. 

SIMPSON,  JAMES,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  19,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Killed 
at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21,  1861. 


Roster  381 

SMITH,  EVANS,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  18.  1864  for  the  war.  Died 
at  I'eter.sburg.  \'a..  .April  17,   1865  of  pneumonia. 

SMITH,  HENRY,  Private.  Residcil  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh 
March  18,  1864  for  the  war.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  .April  2, 
1865  wounded.  Captured  in  hospital  .April  3,  1865  at  Richmond.  Transferred 
to  Newport  News,  Va.,  and  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  16. 
1865. 

STACK,  DAVID,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  18,  1864  for  tlie  war.  Final 
Muster  Roll  for  1864  carries  him  as  "absent  in  arrest  since  March  24,  1864 — 
whereabouts  tniknown." 

ST.ANFORD,  HENRY  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  21,  February 
21.  1802  for  the  war.  \\ounded  at  Gaines'  Mill.  \'a.,  June  27,  1862.  Died  of 
wound  in  .Alamance  Coinitv  .April  24,  1864. 

ST.ANFORD,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  32,  February  24, 
1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Petersburg,  \'a.,  and  buried  June   10,   1862. 

STANFORD,  MOSES,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  C^ounty  at  age  34,  February  28,  1862  for  the 
war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md.,  September  17,  1862  and  died  at  Martinsburg, 
Va.,  of  wound  September  22,  1862. 

STEWART,  JAMES  P.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  or  .Alamance  County  and 
resided  as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  27.  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Killed  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21,   1861. 

STEWART,  W.  W.,  Private.  Born  in  Forsyth  Coimty  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Raleigh  March  18.  1864  for  the  war.  Discharged  at 
Petersburg,  Va..  at  age  23.  Januarv  6,   1865  of  hypertrophy  of  the  heart. 

STUBBINS,  W.  H.,  Private.     Died  at  Petersburg,  \'a..  June  7,  1864  of  typhoid  fever. 

SYKES,  JOHN,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer  prior 
to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  17,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Lairding.  \'a.,  February  25— March 
3.  1865, 

SVKES,  WILLIAM  A.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  25,  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded 
at  Chancellorsxille,  \'a..  May  4,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  \'a.. 
November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  on  join- 
ing the  United  States  service  January  25,   1864. 

TATE,  ARMSTRONG,  1st  Sergeant.  Btnn  in  .Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a 
student  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  21,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war. 
Mustered  in  as  Sergeant,  \Vounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17.  1862. 
Promoted  to  1st  Sergeant  .April  1.  1863  and  wounded  at  Chancellorsville.  \a.. 
May  4,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Wharf, 
James  River,  \'a..  Februarv  20-21,  1865.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  25.   1865. 

T.ATE,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Camp  Stokes,  November  8,  1864  for  the 
war.  Capttned  at  Farmville.  \'a..  .April  6.  1865  antl  confined  at  Newport  News, 
Va. 


382  The  Bloody  Sixth 

TATE,  WILLIAM  R.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  37.  .August 
24,  1863  for  the  war.  Died  in  .-Maniance  County  July  12.  1864  of  disease. 

TAYLOR,  JOSEPH,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  Orange  County  at  age  30,  February  24,  1862  for  the  war. 
Died  at  Richmond.  Va.,  May   10,   1862  of  fever. 

TAYLOR,  THOMAS  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  Orange  Comity  at  age  27,  February  24,  1862  for  the 
war.  Discharged  March  24,  1863  by  reason  of  disability. 

TEER,  WILLIAM  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  or  .\lamance  County  and  resided 
as  a  fanner  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  18,  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  Died  at  Camp  Jones,  Va.,  .August  29,  1861   of  typhoid  fever, 

THICK,  JAMES  M.,  Private.  Resided  in  .Alamance  County  and  enlisted  February 
15,  1862  for  the  war. 

THOMAS,  BENJAMIN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  4.  1864  for  the  war. 
Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

THOMPSON,  ALEXANDER  A.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alaiuance  County  and  resided 
as  a  teacher  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  Mustered  in  as  Sergeant  and  promoted  to  1st  Sergeant  July  1,  1862.  .Ad- 
mitted to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  July  7,  1862  wounded  and  reduced  to 
ranks  by  reason  of  wound.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 
Paroled  at  .Appomatto.K  Court  House,  Va.,  .April  9,   1865, 

THOMPSON,  ALSON  G.,  Private.  Resided  in  .Alamance  County  and  enlisted 
at  Raleigh  September  30,  1864  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Fort  Stedman.  Va., 
March  25,  1865  and  admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond.  Va.,  where  he  was 
captured  April  3,  1865.  Transferred  to  hospital  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  May 
6,  1865.  Released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  26,   1865, 

THOMPSON,  ELBRIDGE  G.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as 
a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  30.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21,  1861  and  at  Fredericksburg,  Va., 
December  13,  1862.  Died  at  Harrisonburg,  Va.,  of  giuishot  wound  October  31, 
1864, 

THOMPSON,  GEORGE  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Henrico  County,  Va,,  at  age  19, 
.August  8.  1862  for  the  war.  Admitted  to  hospital  at  Culpeper,  Va.,  September 
26,  1862  wounded.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863,  and  captured  at 
South  Mountain,  Md,,  July  4,  1863.  Paroled  and  transferred  for  exchange 
July  9,  1863.  \Vounded  at  Cold  Harbor,  Va.,  June  3,  1864  and  died  of  wound 
June  6.  1864. 

THOMPSON,  JOHN  A.,  Corporal.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war. 
Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  .Musician  March  16,  1862.  Reduced  to 
ranks  May  l-.August  31,  1863.  .Appointed  Corporal  October  1,  1863.  Captured 
at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md,,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Landing,  James  River,  Va., 
February  14-15,  1865.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  20,  1865. 

THOMPSON,  JOHN  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  October  22,  1864  for  the 
war.   Paroled   at   Appomattox   Court   House,   Va.,  April   9,   1865. 


Roster  383 

THOMPSON,  JOSEPH  B.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  or  Alamance  County  and 
resided  as  a  fanner  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  28.  1861  for 
the  war.  Wounded  at  Seven  Pines.  Va.,  May  31,  1862  and  captured.  Confined  at 
hospital  near  Fort  Monroe,  Va.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Land- 
ing, Va.,  September  1,  1862.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2,  1863  and 
retired  to  Invalid  Corps  February  17,  1865.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  11,  1865. 

THOMPSON,  JOSEPH  H.,  Sergeant.  Born  in  Alamance  County  and  resided  as 
a  fanner  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  30,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war. 
Mustered  in  as  Corporal  and  appoiiued  Sergeant  April  1,  1862.  \V'oimded  at 
Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  2,  1863.  Died  at  Mt.  Jackson,  Va.,  of  wound  and  diarrhea 
chronic  July  20,  1863. 

THOMPSON,  SAMUEL  S.,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  28.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  2,  1863  and  captured  at  Waterloo,  Pa.,  July 
5,  1863.  Confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City 
Point,  Va.,  August   1.   1863.   Present  or  accounted   for   through    December   1864. 

TROLINGER,  JOHN  T.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  21,  June 
17,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  Va., 
May  31,  1862.  Appointed  Corporal  July  1,  1862  and  promoted  to  Sergeant 
October  1,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7.  18(i3 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes 
Wharf.  James  River,  Va..  Februai-y  14-15.  1865.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  16, 
1865. 

TURNER,  DAVID,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh 
October  22,  1864  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Petersburg.  Va.,  March  28,  1865  and 
admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond.  Va..  where  he  was  captured  April  3,  1865. 
Transferred  to  hospital  at  Point  L(X)kout.  Md..  May  2,  1865  and  released  after 
taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June  26,  1865. 

VAN  HOY,  HENRY,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  18.  1864  for  the  war. 
Left  in  hospital  at  Plymouth  April  3.   1864  and  later  reported  dead. 

VOSS,  ALEXANDER,  Private.  Died  at  Petersburg.  \a..  February  26.  1865  of 
spinal  meningitis. 

VOSS,  AUGUSTINE  SHEPPARD,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  18.  1864 
for  the  war.  Paroled  at  .\ppomattox  Court  House.  \'a..  April  9,   1865. 

VOSS,  JOHN  M.,  Private.  Resided  in  Forsyth  County  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh 
March  18,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg.  Va..  March  25,  1865  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance 
June  21.  1865. 

WATSON,  JAMES  G.,  Private.  Born  in  Johnston  Coimtv  and  resided  in  Alamance 
Countv  as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  35,  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  Died  at  Richmond.  Va.,  April  3,  1862  of  typhoid  pneumonia. 

WHITE,  JAMES  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  20.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at 
.Ashland.  Va.,  April  24,   1862  of  typhoid  pneumonia. 

^VHITE,  JOHN  JOHNSTON,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  Comity  and  resided  as 
a  teacher  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  25.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war. 
Mustered  in  as  Private  and  detailed  as  clerk  in  Brigade  Commissan  Department 
June    13,    1862.   Appointed   Sergeant-Major   March    19,    1863    and    transferred    to 


384  The  Bloody  Sixth 

the  Field  and  Staff.  Reduced  to  ranks  about  August  1,  1863  and  returned  to 
company  and  detached  as  Acting  Commissary  Sergeant.  Detailed  as  such  through 
December  1864.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May   10,   1865. 

WHITE,  THOMAS  G.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  at  age  18.  April  15.  1863  for 
the  war.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Famiville,  Va.,  .April  13,  1865  wounded.  Paroled 
at   Farmville  April    11-21,   1865. 

WHITE,  T.  J.,  Private.     Died  at  Strasburg,  Va.,  July  7.  1864  of  disease, 

WHITE,  WILLIAM  P.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  21.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21.  1861.  Died  in  .Alamance  County 
June  24,  1863  of  typhoid  fever, 

WHITELEV,  JOSEPH  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  41,  March 
1,  1862  for  tlie  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a,.  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md„  where  he  died  January  9,  1864  of  chronic 
diarrhea, 

WILLIS,  ELISHA,  Private.  Resided  in  Alamance  County  and  enlisted  at  Camp 
Stokes  November  8,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Farmville,  Va.,  April  6,  1865 
and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va„  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Alle- 
giance June  25,  1865, 

^VOODS,  W.  C,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  October  22,  1864  for  the  war.  Present 
or  accounted  for  through  December  1864, 

WRIGHT,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  at  age  37,  July  1,  1863  for 
the  war,  Captmed  at  Rappahannock  Station,  \a..  November  7,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  transferred  to  Elmira,  N,  Y„  where  he  died 
September  20,   1864   of  chronic  diarrhea. 

YOUNGER,  JAMES  J.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a 
mechanic  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  25,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war. 
Discharged  at  Richmond.  Va.,  December  17,  1862  by  reason  of  chronic  rheuma- 
tism. 

YOUNGER,  JOSEPH  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  23,  February 
15,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  .Ashland,  Va,,  May  5,  1862  of  ineasles, 

YOUNGER,  SAMUEL  H.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war. 
Died  at  .Ashland,  Va.,  April   13,  1862  of  pneumonia. 


COMPANY  G 

OFFICERS 
CAPTAINS 

CRAIGE,  JAMES  A.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  and  appointed  Captain  by 
Governor  Ellis  to  rank  from  May  16,  1861,  .Appointed  Cadet  November  16,  1861 
and  remained  with  this  company.  Elected  Major  of  the  57th  Regiment  N,  C, 
Troops  July  17,  1862  and  transferred  to  that  regiment  August  11,  1862,  AVounded 
at  Winchester,  \'a.,  July  20,  1864.  Paroled  at  Salisbury  May  3,  1865, 


Roster  385 

SMITH,  BENJAMIN  RUSH.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Mecklenburg  County  at  age 
20.  and  appointed  1st  Lieutenant  by  Governor  Ellis  to  rank  from  May  16,  18(51. 
.\ppointed  .■\djutant  of  the  regiment  Septeinber  1,  1861  and  transferred  to  Field 
and  Staff.  Promoted  to  Captain,  Company  G,  July  17,  1862  and  transferred 
back  into  company.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Johnson's  Island,  Ohio,  tnuil  released  after  taking  Oath  of 
Allegiance  June  13,  1865. 

LIEUTENANTS 

LEWIS,  AVILLIAM  B.,  2nd  Lieutenant.  Born  in  Chester,  Pa.,  and  resided  in 
Xorth  Carolina  as  an  engineer.  .Appointed  2nd  Lieutenant  by  Governor  Ellis 
to  rank  from  May  16,  1861.  but  was  reappointed  as  1st  Lieutenant  Company 
C.  10th  Regiment  X.  C.  State  Troops  (1st  Regiment  N.  C.  .-Vrtillerv)  to  rank 
from  the  same  date  of  appointment.  Mustered  into  Company  C.  10th  Regiment 
X.  C.  State  Troops  (1st  Regiment  N.  C.  .Artillery)  at  Raleigh  at  age  32,  August 
15,  1861  for  the  war.  .Appointed  Captain  Company  A,  10th  Battalion  N.  C. 
Heavy  Artillery  May  19,  1862.  Resigned  March  23,  1863  by  reason  of  charges 
of  court  martial. 

MILLER,  .4BRAM  H.,  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  and  en- 
listed at  Charlotte  at  age  26,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private 
and  appointed  Corporal  January-February  1862.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  May 
1 — October  31,  1862.  Promoted  to  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant  December  2.  1862  aird  to 
Sr  2nd  Lieutenant  May  6.  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  \'a.,  Novem- 
ber 7.  1863  and  confined  at  Johnson's  Island.  Ohio,  until  released  after  taking 
Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  13.  1865. 

ROSBOROUGH,  JAMES  T.,  1st  Lieutenant.  .Appointed  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant  by 
Governor  Ellis  to  rank  from  May  16.  1861.  Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  July 
17.  1862.  \\'ounded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md..  September  17,  1862.  Resigned  upon 
appointment  as  1st  Lieutenant  and  .Aide-de-Camp  on  the  personal  staff  of 
Major  General  'William  D.  Pender.  June  18.  1863.  Commission  vacated  by  death 
of  General  Pender  July  IS,  1863. 

ROTHROCK,  LE^VIS  H.,  1st  Lieutenant.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  re- 
sided as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  21,  May  29,  1861  for 
the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Corporal  and  appointed  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant  December 
20.  1861  and  to  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant  July  17,  1862.  AVounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md., 
September  17,  1862.  Promoted  to  1st  Lieiucnant  .August  11,  1863,  Captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Johnson's  Island, 
Ohio,   until   released   after  taking   Oath   of  .Allegiance  June   13,    1865. 

NON-COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS  AND  PRIVATES 

ADAMS,  ROBERT  B.,  Sergeant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Lincoln  County  March 
15.  1863  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Prixate  and  detailed  in  Brigade  Medical 
Department  in  charge  of  ambulance  train  May  1.  1863.  Proinoted  to  Sergeant 
June  1863.  Detailed  to  Brigade  Commissary  Department  January  1864.  Paroled 
at  Greensboro  May  1.  1865. 

ALEXANDER,  J.  W.,  Private.  Captured  at  Strasburg.  \a.,  September  23,  1864  and 
sent   to  Point  Lookout,   Md. 


386  The  Bloody  Sixth 

ALLEN,  BARTLEY,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  28,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Rappahannock  Station,  \'a.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  Februai-y  25— March 
3,  1865.  Paroled  at  Salisbury  May  24,  1865. 

ATWELL,  CHARLES  F.,  Sergeant.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  as  a  farmer  and 
enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  24,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as 
Private  and  promoted  to  Corporal  November  1,  1862.  Wounded  at  Rappahan- 
nock Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863.  Captured  at  Winchester,  Va.,  June  20, 
1864  and  confineti  at  Camp  Cha.se,  Ohio,  until  transferred  to  City  Point,  Va., 
where  he  was  paroled  and  exchanged  March  10-12.  1865.  Appears  as  Sergeant 
on  prisoner  of  war  records. 

BAKER,  JOSEPH  N.,  Private.  Bom  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  19,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va..  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point,  Savannah  River,  Ga., 
November  15,  1864.  Paroled  at  Salisbury  May  18,  1865. 

BARNHARDT,  JOHN  C,  Private.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  and  enlisted  at 
Salisbury  at  age  24,  March  3,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  February  25— March  3,  1865. 
Paroled  at  Salisbury  June  15.  1865. 

BARNHARDT,  JULIUS  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Salisbury  at  age  19,  July  9,  1862 
tor  the  war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md.,  September  17,  1862.  Died  in  hos- 
pital. 

B.A.RRINGER,  JOHN  P.  M.,  1st  Sergeant.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he 
resided  as  a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  25,  May  29,  1861  for  the 
war.  Mustered  in  as  1st  Sergeant.  Killed  at  Seven  Pines.  Va„  May  31,  1862. 

BASINGER,  DANIEL  M.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  Coimty  where  he  resided  as 
a  mechanic  and  blacksmith  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  29,  1861 
for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Sergeant  and  appointed  1st  Sergeant  November  1, 
1862.  Wounded  at  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  December  13,  1862  and  reduced  to 
ranks  July  1,  1863  by  reason  of  deafness  caused  by  wounds.  Detailed  as  black- 
smith in  Quartermaster  Department,  Richmond,  Va.,  September  15,  1863  where 
he  remaineci  until  end  of  war.  Paroled  at  Richmond  April  20,  1865. 

BECK,  O.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  October  31,  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  5,  1865. 

BECKHAM,  N.  C,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Paroled 
at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April  9,  1865. 

BELL,  JOSHUA,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Wounded 
and  admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  March  31,  1865  where  he  was 
captured  April  3,  1865.  Escaped  April  26,  1865. 

BENCENI,  MOSES  A.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  and 
enlisted  at  age  16,  March  12,  1862  for  the  war.  Discharged  May  10,  1862  by 
reason  of  "extreme  mute." 

BLACKWELDER,  ALEXANDER  W.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  en- 
listed at  Charlotte  at  age  23.  May  29.  1861  (oi  the  war.  Killed  at  Seven  Pines, 
Va.,  May  31,  1862. 


Roster  387 

BLACK^VELDER,  JACOB  S.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  21,  May  29,  1861  tor  the  war.  Cap- 
tured at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2-3,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del., 
until  transferred  to  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  October  18,  1863.  Paroled  and  ex- 
changed at  Boulware's  Wharf,  James  River,  Va.,  February  20-21,  1865.  Paroled 
at  Sa'lisbury  May   18,   1865. 

BOSTIAN,  GEORGE  ^V.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  18.  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Cap- 
tiued  at  South  Mountain.  Md..  September  14.  1862  and  confined  at  Fort  Dela- 
ware. Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point.  \'a..  December  18,  1862. 
Mortally  wounded  at   Cold   Harbor.  \'a.,  June  5,   1864. 

BOSTIAN,  JOHN  ALLISON,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  in  ,\lamance  County  at  age  26.  June  5.  1861  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a..  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point 
Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  February 
25— March  3,  1865.    Paroled  at  Salisbun'  May   18,  1865. 

BR.AWLEY,  JAMES,  Private.  Resided  in  Rowan  Countv  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte 
at  age  28.  February  18.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  February  26,  1862  of  "apoplexy." 

BRINGLE,  JOHN  C,  Corporal.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  18.  May  29.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered 
in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  June  1,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's   Landing,  Va.,   March   16,   1865. 

BROWN,  GEORGE  HENRY,  1st  Sergeant.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he 
resided  as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  23.  Mav  29.  1861  for  the 
war.  Mustered  in  as  Sergeant.  ^Vounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  August 
30.  1862.  Promoted  to  1st  Sergeant  July  1.  1863.  Wounded  at  Gettvsburg.  Pa., 
July  2,  1863  and  captured.  Confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until  transferred 
to  Point  Lookout,  Md..  October  18,  1863.  Paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's 
Wharf.  James  River,  Va..  February  20-21,  1865.  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee.  near 
Richmond.  \'a.,  after  exchanged. 

CARLISLE,  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  October  31.  1864  for  the 
war.  Present  through  December  1864. 

CAROLILE,  P.  A.,  Private.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House.  Va.,  .April  9, 
1865. 

CARTER,  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  .April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Present  or 
accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

CAUBLE,  WILLIAM  MARTIN,  Private.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  and  enlisted 
at  Charlotte  at  age  23.  Mav  29.  1861  for  the  war.  \Vounded  and  captured  at 
Williamsburg,  Va.,  May  5,  1862.  Paroled  and  exdianged  at  .Aiken's  Landing, 
Va.,  .August  5,  1862,  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  \'a.,  November  7, 
1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  .Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Aiken's  Landing  March  17,  1865.  Took  Oath  of  .Allegiance  at  Salisbury  Jinie 
24,  1865. 

COOPER,  WILLIAM  C,  Sergeant.  Born  in  Roivan  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  21.  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered 
in  as  Sergeant.  \\'ounded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md..  September  17,  1862  and  died 
of  wound  at  \Vinchester,  \'a.,  September  20,    1862. 


388  The  Bloody  Sixth 

CORL,  JOSEPH,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  in  Cabarrus  County 
as  a  cabinet  maker  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  29,  May  29.  1861  for  the 
war.  Promoted  to  Musician  November  25,  1861.  Captured  near  Boonesboro,  Md., 
September  14.  1862  and  paroled  September  25.  1862.  Appears  as  Private  after 
July  1862.  Detailed  to  Pioneer  Corps  from  February  18,  1863  through  December 

1863.  Captured  at  Charlestown.  Va.,  .August  22,   1864  and   confined  at   Elmira, 
N.  Y.,  until  paroled  after  taking  Oath   of  .Allegiance  May   19,   1865. 

CORNIPE,  MICHAEL,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  where  he  was  conscripted 
at  age  21,  September  22.  1862  lor  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station, 
Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  .Md.,  until  exchanged 
February  24,  1865. 

CORNIPE,  NOAH,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  where  he  was  conscripted 
at  age  23,  September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station, 
Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and 
exchanged   at   .Aiken's    Landing,   Va.,    F'ebruary   25— -March    3,    1865. 

CORRIHER,  AMOS  BENTON,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  enlisted  at 
Charlotte  at  age  19,  May  29,  1861  lor  the  war.  Killed  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas 
July  21,  1861. 

CORRIHER,  JACOB  R.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a 
larmur  pnor  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  24,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war. 
Killed  at  Battle  of  First   Manassas  July  21,   1861. 

CORRIHER,  'WASHINGTON  A.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided 
as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  18,  May  29,  1861  for  the 
war.   Killed  at  Seven  Pines.  \'a..   May   31,   1862. 

CRAIGE,  CLETUS,  Corporal.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Rowan  County  at  age  18, 
March  15,  1862  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  in 

1864.  Killed  at  Strasburg,  Va.,  October  19.  1864. 

CRANFORD,  HENRY  C,  Private.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  and  enlisted  at 
Charlotte  May  29,  1861  for  the  War.  Discharged  at  Company  Shops  July  1861. 
look   Oath  oi   .Allegiance   at   Salisbiny   July    lU.   1865. 

CRESS,  THOMAS,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer  prior 
to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  25,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Killed  at 
Sharpsburg.  Md..  September  17,  1862. 

DANCEY,  NAPTHALI  L.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  a? 
a  farnrer  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  \Vounded 
at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21,  1861  and  died  of  wound  at  Louisa  Court 
House,  Va.,  September  6,  1861. 

DEAN,  D.  W.,  Private.     Captured  at  Enfield  in   1865. 

E.AGLE,  ALEXANDER,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted  at  Char- 
lotte at  age  33,  February  18,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Liberty,  Va.,  June  6, 
1863  of  "compressio  cerebri.'' 

EAGLE,  MOSES  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as  a  car- 
penter and  enhsted  at  Char;otte  at  age  19,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at 
Camp  Fisher,  Va.,  October  4,   1861   of  typhoid  fever. 


Roster  389 

EARNHEART,  HARVEY  B.  G.,  Private.  Consciipted  in  Burke  County  September 
22.  1862  after  ha\ing  been  discbarged  from  Company  E.  this  regiment.  January 
20.  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  .Station,  Va..  November  7.  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  imtil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing, 
Va..  February  25— Marcli  3.  186,5.  Lurlouglied  from  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va., 
for  30  days  March  6,  1865. 

EDWARDS,  HANNIBAL,  Private.  Resided  in  Mecklenburg  County  and  enlisted 
in  Rowan  County  at  age  27,  February  19.  1862  for  the  war.  Deserted  near 
Frederick,  Md.,  September  12.  1862. 

EDW.\RDS,  THEODORIC  L.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a 
nieclianic  prior  to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  17.  Jime  5,  1861  for  the 
war.  Captured  at  Gettvsburg,  Pa,.  Julv  3,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware. 
Del. 

ELLER,  BENJAMIN,  Private.  Resided  in  Rowan  Countv  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh 
.\pril  1,   1864  for  the  war.  Took  Oath  of  .Allegiance  at  Salisbury  June  24.   1865. 

FESTERM.4N,  LEVI  A.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23.  May  29.  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded 
at  Gettvsburg.  Pa..  July  1,  1863  and  captured  at  South  .Mountain.  Md,.  July 
4.  1863.  Confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Boulware's  Wharf,  James  River,  Va.,  February  20-21.  1865.  Stationed  at  Camp 
Lee.  near  Richmond,  Va..  after  exchanged. 

FREEZE,  CALEB,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  at  age  37,  September  11,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond,  Va.. 
Julv   10.   1862  of  typhoid  fever. 

FREEZE,  MICHAEL,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  19,  Mav  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Died 
at   Camp  Jones,  \'a.,  September  4,   1861   of  "febris  congestiva," 

FREEZE,  ^VILEY,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  Countv  and  resided  as  a  farmer  prior 
to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  18,  .May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp 
Fisher,  \a,,  November  26.  1861   of  typhoid  fever. 

FRICK,  DANIEL,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  .April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Present 
or  accounted  for  through  December  1864, 

GAFFIN,  .A.,  Private.  Born  in  Halifax  County  and  resided  as  a  fanner  prior  to 
enlistment  at  Raleigh  at  age  45,  .April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Camp 
Godwin,  \'a,,  January  26,  1865  by  reason  of  "general  debility  and  imbecility  of 
mind."  Died  in  hospital   at   Petersburg.  A'a.,    January   26,    1865   of   pneumonia. 

GIBBON.S,  .ANDERSON  G.,  Private.  Born  in  Davidson  County  and  resided  in 
Rowan  Countv  as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  22.  Mav  29, 
1861  for  the  war.  AVounded  at  .Soiuh  Mountain,  Md.,  September  14,  1862. 
Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House.  \'a„  .April  9.  1865.  Took  Oath  of  .Alle- 
giance at  Salisbiny  June  3.  1865. 

GR.AH.AM,  JOHN  C.  O.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  laborer  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  22.  May  29.  1861  for  the  war.  Cap- 
tured and  paroled  near  Sharpsburg.  Md,,  September  20.  1862.  Capttned  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  \a..  No\ember  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md,,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  \'a,,  Februarv  25— Marcli 
3,   1865,  Paroled  at  Salisbury  May   12,   1865. 


390  The  Bloody  Sixth 

GRAHAM,  RICHARD  F.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
fanner  and  enlisted  at  Cliarlotte  at  age  19.  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered 
in  as  Corporal.  November— December  1862  Muster  Roll  carries  the  remark: 
"Absent  since  December  13,  1862.  Wounded  in  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Va. 
Reduced  to  ranks  from  Corporal  November  1,  1862  by  order  of  Colonel  Avery 
for  conduct  imbecoming  North  Carolina  officers  and  soldiers  in  battle."  Wound 
described  as  "little  finger  of  left  hand  shot  off,"  and  he  was  declared  pennanent- 
ly  disabled  and  detailed  as  clerk  in  hospital  at  Raleigh.  Retired  to  Invalid 
Corps  February  25,  1865  and  stationed  at  Raleigh. 

GREEN,  FORTUNE,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  49.  March  15,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond, 
Va..  June  15.  1862  from  disease. 

GREENLEE,  A.  S.,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh 
March  10,  1864  for  the  war.  Transferred  to  Company  E,  this  regiment,  Novem- 
ber—December 1864. 

GULLET,  ANDREW  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Davie  County  and  resided  in  Rowan 
County  as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  21,  May  29.  1861 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  South  Moiuitain.  Md.,  September  14,  1862  and  con- 
fined at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing, 
Va.,  November  10,  1862.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863  and  captured 
in  hospital  at  Gettysburg  July  5,  1863.  Confined  at  West's  Building  Hospital, 
Baltimore,  Md.,  until  transferred  to  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  September  15.  1863. 
Paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  Wharf.  James  River,  Va.,  January  21, 
1865.  Took  Oath  of  Allegiance  at  Salisbury  June  3,  1865.  _ 

HALL,  JAMES,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  19.  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged 
September  7,  1861  by  reason  of  disability.  Took  Oath  of  .'\llegiance  at  Salisbury 
May  31,  1865. 

HARDY,  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  .\bsent  sick 
from  .April  20  through  December  1864. 

HAVENY,  J.  H.,  Private.  Captured  at  Strasburg.  Va..  September  23,  1864  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Alle- 
giance June  13,  1865. 

HEARN,  GEORGE,  Private.  Resided  in  Mecklenburg  County  where  he  enlisted 
at  age  27.  February  19.  1862  for  the  war.  Muster  Rolls  through  October  1863 
state  that  he  was  absent  without  leave  from  October  10,  1862.  having  deserted 
near  Winchester,  Va.  Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  October  28, 
1862  suffering  from   debility.   Transferred   to   Danville.   Va.,   November   2.    1802. 

HEBNER,  J.  H.,  Private.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh  April 
1.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Strasburg,  Va..  September  22.  1864  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  imtil  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .\llegiance 
June  13,  1865. 

HEILIG,  E.,  Private.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh  April 
1,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  and  paroled  at  Burkeville.  Va.,  .\pril  14-17,  1865. 
Took  Oath  of  Allegiance  at  Salisbury  June  9,  1865. 

HEILIG,  JOHN  F.,  Sergeant.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  prior  to 
enlistment  at   Charlotte  at  age   19,  May  29,   1861    for  the  war.    Mustered   in   as 


Roster  391 

Private.  Captured  at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  31,  1862  and  confined  at  Fort 
Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va..  .'August 
5,  1862.  Promoted  to  Corporal  November  1,  1862  and  to  Sergeant  July  1,  186.S. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing  February 
25-March   3,   1865.  Took   Oath   of  .Allegiance  at  Salisbury   June  9,    1865. 

HESS,  JOHN,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as  a  fanner  and 
enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  20.  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Killed  at  Battle  of 
Fir^t  Manassas  July  21,  1861. 

HOFFENER,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  .April  1,  1864  for  the  war. 
Died  in  hospital  at  Danville.  \'a..  at  age  18,  June  24,  1864  of  "pneumonia  and 
bronchitis  acute." 

HOLT,  JAMES  A.,  Private.  Born  in  Stanly  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer  prior 
to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  20.  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  at 
Richmond.  Va.,  September  8,  1862  by  reason  of  "permanent  dislocation  of  the 
hip  joint." 

HORTON,  R.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  November  7.  1864  for  the  war.  Deserted 
December  18,  1864. 

HOWARD,  JOHN,  Private.  Born  in  Cabarrus  County  and  resided  in  Rowan 
County  as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  29,  1861 
for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21.  1861;  at  Malvern 
Hill,  Va.,  July  1,  1862;  and  at  Fredericksburg.  \'a.,  December  13-14.  1862. 
Wounded  and  captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a..  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  in  hospital  at  Washington,  D.  C,  until  transferred  to  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  FebruaiT  4.  1864.  Paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point,  Savannah  River, 
Ga.,  November  15,  1864.  Paroled  at  Salisbury  May  24,  1865  and  took  Oath  of 
Allegiance  May  31,  1865. 

HUDSON,  D.  C,  Corporal.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  .April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Mustered 
in  as  Private  and  appears  as  Corporal  on  November— December  1864  Muster 
Roll.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House.  Va.,  .April  9,   1865. 

HUDSON,  JAMES,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  where  he  enlisted  at  age 
23.  September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va., 
November  7,  1863  and  conlined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and 
exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing.  Va.,  February  25— March  3,  1865.  Paroled  at  Salis- 
bury May  25,  1865. 

JOHNSTON,  HARRISON  C,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a 
carpenter  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  18,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md..  September  17,  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing.  Va.,  February  25— March  3,  1865. 
Paroled  at  Salisbury  May  13.  1865. 

JONES,  W.,  Private.  Captured  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  3,  1863  and  confined  at 
Fort  Delaware,  Del. 

JOSEY,  MOSES  C,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  20.  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Harpei's  Ferry,  Va.,  July  8,  1864  and  confined  at  Ehnira.  N.  Y..  luitil  released 
after   taking  Oath  of  Allegiance   May  29.    1865. 


392  The  Bloody  Sixth 

JOSEY,  WILLIAM  R.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  and 
enlisted  at  age  18.  March  15,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond.  Va..  June 
18,  1862. 

KEETER,  GEORGE,  Private.  Resided  in  Halifax  County  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh 
March  20,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg.  Va.,  March  25,  1865 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Alle- 
giance June  28,   1865. 

KEETER,  JAMES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  20,  1864  for  the  war. 
Absent   sick   from   .April    14   tlirough    December   1864. 

KNIPE,  J.,  Private.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  imtil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's 
Landing,   Va.,   February   25— March    .",    1865, 

LEADBETTER,  J.  C.,  Private.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh 
March  20.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Strasburg,  Va.,  October  19,  1864  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Landing, 
James  Ri\er,  Va..  February  14-15,  1865.  .Stationed  at  Camp  Lee.  near  Richmond, 
Va.,   after   exchanged.   Paroled   at   Salisljury  June    12,    1865. 

LEE,  JAMES,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Mecklenburg  County  at  age  22, 
March  5,  1862  for  the  war.  Deserted  "near  Hazel  River,  Va.,  August  22,  1862" 
and  "September  12,  1862  at  Frederick  City,  Md." 

LEWIS,  JOHN  B.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Rowan  County  at  age  32, 
March  19,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond,  Va..  September  1,  1862  of  disease. 

LIFE,  CALEB  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  21,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as 
Private   and   promoted   to  Corporal   November   I,    1862   and   to  Sergeant  Jidy    1, 

1863.  Reduced  to  Private  after  February  1864  and  captured  at  ^Vinchester.  Va. 
September  19.  1864.  Confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  ex- 
changed at  .Aiken's  Landing,  \'a.,  March  18,  1865.  Paroled  at  Salisbury  June 
L   1865. 

LIPE,  JOHN  M.,  Private.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  where  he  enlisted  at  age 
18.  March  3,  1862  for  the  war.  Sent  to  hospital  December  30,  1862  and  died 
"time  not  known." 

LOVE,  HAMILTON  J.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Mecklenburg  County  at 
age  18,  March  8,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  near  Strasburg,  Va..  September  24, 

1864.  Paroled  at   Morganton   May   26.    1865. 

MARTIN,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23.  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Never 
mustered  in. 

MASON,  HENRY,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  November  30.  1864  for 
the  war.  Paroled  at   Burkeville.  Va..  .April    14-17,   1865. 

VIERRICK,  B.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  April  I.  1864  for  the  war.  .Absent  sick 
from  .April   14  through   October  1864. 

MERRICK,  J.  C,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  .April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Paroled 
at  .Appomattox  Court   Hcuse.  \'a.,  .April   9,   1865. 


Roster  393 

McNEELY,  JAMES  BRO^VN,  Sergeant.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a 
student  prior  to  enlistment  at  Cliarlotte  at  age  18.  May  29,  1861  for  the  war. 
Mustered  in  as  Private  and  promoted  to  Corporal  February  1.  1863  and  to 
Sergeant  after  February  1864.  Wounded  at  ^Vinchester.  Va.,  September  19, 
1864   and   died   of   wound   at   Woodstock,   Va..   September  26,    1864, 

MILLER,  EBENEZER  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  22,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  \'a..  July  I.  1862  and  captured  at  Fredericksburg, 
Va..  May  3.  1863,  Confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged 
at  City  Point.  Va.,  May  23.  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va„ 
November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  ex- 
changed at  .Aiken's  Landing,  \'a.,  March  3,  1865, 

MILLER,  EM.4NL'EL,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  25,  May  29.  1861  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a..  Xo\ember  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md,,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Bouhvare's  \\harf,  James  Ri\er.  Va., 
March   16.  1865. 

MILLER,  HENRY  W.  A.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  Couutv  and  resided  as  a  stu- 
dent prior  to  enlistment  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  21,  July  1,  1861  for  the 
war.  \Vounded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21,  1861.  Discharged  -\pril  28, 
1S62  ha\ing  been  elected  2nd  Lieutenant  Company  G,  42nd  Regiment  N.  C. 
Troops  March   15,   1862,  Paroled  at  Greensboro   May   1,   1865, 

MILLER,  J.ACOB  AV.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  Coinit\  where  he  resided  as  a 
carpenter  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  25.  May  29,  1861  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  Julv  21,  1861.  Captured  at  \Vinchester,  Xa., 
July  20,  1864  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase.  Ohio,  luitil  paroled  and  exchanged 
at  Boulware's  Wharf,  James   River,  \'a,.   March   10-12,   1865. 

MILLER,  JOHN  L.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  20,  May  29.  1861  for  the  war.  Killed  at 
Sharpsbuig.    Md..   September    17,    1862. 

MILLER,  KNOX  P.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  1864  for  the  war. 
\Voinided  and  captured  at  Winchester,  \'a..  September  19,  1864.  Confined  in 
hospitals  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  \Vharf.  James  River,  \'a., 
F'ebruary  14-15,  1865.  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee.  near  Richmond  \'a..  after  ex- 
changed, Furloughed  for  30  days  March  2,  1865  and  paroled  at  Salisbury  May 
24,   1865. 

MILLER,  MARTIN  M.,  Private.  Born  in  Cabarrus  County  and  resided  as  a 
minister  in  Rowan  County  where  he  enlisted  at  age  28.  March  5.  1862  for  the 
Avar.  Captured  at  Sharpsburg.  Md.,  September  17,  1862  and  confined  at  Fort 
Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va..  November 
10.  1862.  \Vounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  July  2.  1863  and  captured  at  Hagers- 
town.  Md..  Julv  5,  1863.  Paroled  at  Baltimore,  Md..  .August  23,  1863  and 
delivered  to  City  Point,  Va..  for  exchange  the  next  day,  .Mortally  wounded 
at   Cold   Harbor,   Va..  June   7.    1864. 

MILLER,  RICHARD  A.,  Sergeant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Rowan  Coiuity  at 
age  19.  February  5,  1862  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  promoted 
to  Corporal  November  1.  1862  and  to  Sergeant  February  1,  1863.  Captured  at 
Rappal  annoc'K  Station.  \  a..  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  \a.,  Febrtiary  25— March 
3.   1865.  Paroled  at  Salisburv  .Mav  13,  1865. 


394  The  Bloody  Sixth 

MILLER,  WILLIAM  WESTLEY,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as 
a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  19,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war. 
Mustered  in  as  Private  and  promoted  to  Corporal  May— June  1862.  Wounded 
at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  31,  1862.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  November-December 
1862.  Reduced  to  Private  July  1,  1863  for  prolonged  absence  caused  by  wound. 
Retired  to  Invalid  Corps  December  24,   1864  and  stationed  at  Charlotte. 

MORGAN,  CALVIN  R.,  Private.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  and  enlisted  at  Ral- 
eigh April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Winchester,  Va.,  September  19, 
1864.  Paroled  at  Salisbury  June  13,  1865. 

MORGAN,  MOSES  LEVL  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war. 
Killed  at  Gaines'  Mill,  Va..  June  27,  1862. 

MORGAN,  N.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Wounded 
at  Cedar  Creek,  Va.,  October  19.  1864. 

MORRIS,  W.  E.,  Private.  Resided  in  Halifax  County  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh 
April   1,  1864  for  the  war.  Present  through  December  1864. 

NANCE,  SHEDRACK,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a  laborer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  27.  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  3.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  LookoiU.  Md.,  where  he 
died  November  15,  1863  of  pneumonia. 

NOAH,  GEORGE  WASHINGTON,  Private.  Born  in  Cabarrus  County  and  resided 
as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  25.  May  29.  1861  for  the  war. 
Killed  at  Battle  of  First   Manassas  July  21,   1861. 

OSBROOKS,  C,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  20.  1864  for  the  war.  Present 
or   accounted   for   through    December    1864. 

OVERCASH,  JAMES  WILSON,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  24,  May  29.  1861  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  LookolU,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing.  'V'a.. 
February  25-March   3,   1865.  Paroled  at  Salisburv   May    18,   1865. 

OVERCASH,  JOHN  S.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Rowan  County  at  age 
21,  March  19.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  Novem- 
ber 7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged 
at  .Aiken's  Landing.  \'a..  Februai^  25— March  3,   1865. 

OVERTON,  E.  M.,  Private.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Petersburg.  Va..  December 
17,  1864.  Paroled  at  Burkeville,  Va.,  .April  14-17,  1865. 

OWENS,  HENRY  C,  Sergeant.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  19,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered 
in  as  Private  and  promoted  to  Corporal  May  1— October  31,  1862.  Promoted 
to  Sergeant  November  1,  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  Novem- 
ber 7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged 
at  .\iken's  Landing,  Va.,  February  25— March  3,  1865. 

OWENS,  JOSEPH  F.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a  carpenter 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  20,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded 
at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August  30.  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until 
paroled  and   exchanged   at   .Aiken's   Landing,   Va.,   February   25— March    3,    1865. 


Roster  395 

OWENS,  WILLIAM  P.,  Sergeant.  Bom  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Cliarlotte  at  age  26,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war. 
Mustered  in  as  Corporal.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  Julv  21.  1861 
and  mortallv  wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  31,  1862.  Promoted  to  Sergeant 
.April  1,  1862. 

PARTIN,  J.  P.,  Private.  Resided  in  Guilford  County  as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at 
Raleigh  November  7,  1864.  Captured  near  Petersburg.  \'a.,  March  25,  1865  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance 
May  14.  1865. 

PENNINGER,  ^V'lLSON,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  and 
enlisted  at  age  26,  March  10,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond,  Va..  June 
12,  1862  of  pneumonia. 

POGUE,  ELIAS  JAMES,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a  shoe- 
maker prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  27,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout,  Md..  tunil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va., 
February  25-March  3,  1865. 

POOL,  JAMES,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  where  he  enlisted  at  age  24, 
September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Winchester,  Va.,  September  19, 
1864.  Paroled  at  Appomatto.K  Court  House,  Va.,  .April  9,   1865. 

POOL,  JOSEPH,  Private.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  where  he  enlisted  .March  10, 
1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Petersburg,  Va.,  .April  3,  1865  and  confined  at 
Hart's  Island.  X.  V.  Harbor,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance 
June  18,  1865. 

PORTER,  WILLIAM  HENRY,  Private.  Born  in  Davidson  County  and  resided  as 
a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23.  Mav  29,  1861  for  the  war. 
^Vounded  and  captured  at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  31,  1862.  Died  of  wound 
in  hospital  at  Philadelphia,  Pa..  June  10,  1862. 

POWERS,  H.,  Private.  Resided  in  Halifax  County  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh  .March 
20,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  Va..  March  25,  1865  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance 
June  17,  1865. 

PUGH,  .4LFORD,  Private.     Paroled  at  Greensboro  May   10.   1865. 

RED^VINE,  PETER  ^V.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a 
blacksmith  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  18,  May  29,  1861  for  the 
war.   Killed  at   Gaines'   Mill,  Va.,  June  27,    1862. 

RENDLEMAN,  LA^VRENCE  TOBIAS,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided 
as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  19,  May  29.  1861  for  the 
war.  AVounded  at  Seven  Pines,  \'a..  May  31,  1862.  Detailed  in  Raleigh  May  2, 
1864  and  attached  to  Captain  Samuel  B.  Waters'  Company  Provost  Guard,  Ral- 
eigh,  until   retired   to  Invalid   Corps   March   3,    1865, 

RICHARDSON,  J.  Z.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  October  31,  1864 
for  the  war.  Paroled  in   Montgomery   Comity   May  23.   1865. 

RICHIE,  CH.ARLES,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  28,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Gettysburg,  Pa,,  July  3,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md,,  where  he 
died  December   12,   1863  of  "ei^sipelas  in  face." 


396  The  Bloody  Sixth 

RICHIE,  HENRY  W.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
larmer  prior  to  enhstment  al  Charlotte  at  age  26.  May  29.  1861  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Sharpsburg.  .Md..  September  17,  1862.  Captured  at  Strasburg,  Va., 
September  23.  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  ex- 
changed at  Boulware's  Wharf,  James  River,  Va.,  March  19,  1865.  Furloughed 
from  hospital  at  Richmond.  Va..  for  30  days  March  24.  1865.  Paroled  at  Salis- 
burv  Mav   18.  1865  and  took  Oath  of  .'VUegiance  June  10,   1865. 

RICHIE,  J.4COB  M.,  Private.  Born  in  Cabarrus  County  and  resided  in  Rowan 
County  as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  27,  May  29,  1861  for 
the  war.  ^Vounded  at  Chancellorsville,  Va..  May  3,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahan- 
nock Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  Wharf,  James  River,  Va.,  February  20-21, 
1865.  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee,  near  Richmond,  Va.,  after  exchanged.  Paroled 
at  Salisbun-  June   17,   1865. 

RICHIE,  WILLIAM  M.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Dis- 
charged at  Camp  Hill.  \'a..  September  18.  1861  by  reason  of  "amaurosis."  Con- 
scripted at  Raleigh  .April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  Va  , 
March  25.  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  released  after  tak- 
ing Oath  of  Allegiance  June  17,  1865. 

ROBERTS,  HENRY  V.,  Private.  Resided  in  Sunflower  County,  Miss.  Deserted  and 
captured  in  Sunflower  County.  Miss.,  and  released  to  go  North  after  taking 
Oath  of  .-Mlegiance  at  Louisville,  Ky.,  June  30,  1864. 

RUSSELL,  J.4MES  W.,  Private.  Born  in  Randolph  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  21,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded 
at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  2,  1863  and  captured  in  hospital  at  Gettysburg.  Turned 
over  to  Union  Provost  Marshal  December  2,  1863. 

SAFRIT,  JACOB  MONROE,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a 
mechanic  prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  19,  June  5,  1861  for 
the  war.  Killed  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21.   1861. 

SANDERS,  GEORGE  THOMAS,  Private.  Resided  in  Halifax  County  and  en- 
listed at  Raleigh  .April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Captined  at  Farmville,  Va.,  April 
6.  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  \'a..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of 
Allegiance   June    14.    1865. 

SETZER,  J.ASON  D.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  19,  June  5,  1861  for  the  war. 
Killed   at    Battle   of   First    Manassas  July   21,    1861. 

SH.AW,  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  .April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  .Absent  sick 
from  -April   14  through  December  1864. 

SHEPHERD,  JOHN,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a  farmei 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  34.  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  Wharf,  James  River,  Va., 
February  20-21,  1865.  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee,  near  Richmond,  Va.,  after  ex- 
changed. 

SHINN,  SAMUEL  J.,  Private.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  and  conscripted.  Cap- 
tured near  Harpers  Ferrv.  \'a..  July  8.  1864  and  confined  at  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  until 
released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  May  29,  1865. 


Roster  397 

SHINN,  WILLIAM  F.,  Private.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  where  he  enhsted  nt 
age  25,  November   1.   1861    for  the  war.  Captured  at  Seven   Pines.  \a.,   May  31, 

1862  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  before 
October  1862.  Wounded  at  Fredericksburg.  \'a..  December  13.  1862  and  again 
at  Gettysburg.   Pa..   July   2,    1863.   Captured   in   hospital   at    Gettysburg  July   5, 

1863  and  confined  at  DeCamp  General  Hospital.  Da\id's  Island.  X.  Y.  Harbor, 
imtil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Citv  Poiirt,  \'a..  October  28.  1863.  Retired  to 
In\alid  Corps  October  14.  1864.  Paroled  at  Salisbury  May  16.  1865  and  took 
Oath   of  .\llegiance   June    14.    1865. 

SHULIBERRINGER,   WILLIAM   S.,    Private.     Born   in    Rowan    County   where    he 

resided  as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  19.  May  29.  1861 
for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md..  September  17.  1862.  Captured  at 
Winchester,  Va.,  July  20.  1864  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  until  paroled 
and  exchanged   at   Boulware's   \Vharf.  James   Ri\er.   \'a.,   March    10-12.    1865. 

SHUPING,  MICH.\EL,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a  fanner 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  22.  May  29.  1861.  Discharged  at  Peters- 
burg. Va..  Xo\ember  4,   1861. 

SHUPING,  NOAH  R.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  Coiuitv  where  he  resided  as  a 
famrer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  21.  May  29.  1861  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August  29.  1862.  Captured  at  Frederick, 
Md.,  July  16.  1864  and  confined  at  Elmira,  N.  ^■..  until  released  after  taking 
Oath  of  .Allegiance  July   11.   1865. 

SIKES,  C.  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  .April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Deserted  near 
Petersburg,  Va.,  and  received  by  Provost  Marshal.  .Army  of  the  Potomac.  February 
15.  1865.  Took  Oath  of  .Allegiance  and  provided  transportation  to  Philadelphia, 
Pa. 

SIMPSON,  JAMES  L.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Bmke  County  at  age  21, 
September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va., 
November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  ex- 
changed at  City  Point.  Va.,  March  6,  1864.  ^Vounded  October  1.  1864.  Paroled 
at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  \'a.,  .April  9,  1865  and  again  at  Morganton  May 
15.   1865. 

SLOOP,  WILLI.AM  J.  A.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  18.  July  1.  1861  for  the 
war.  Died  at  Camp  Jones.  \'a..  September   15.   1861   of   typhoid   fever. 

SMART,  THOMAS  R.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Rowan  County  at  age 
23,  March  10.  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7.  1863 
and  confined  at   Point  Lookout.   Md..  where  he  died  .August   31,    1864. 

SMITH,  JACOB  S.,  Private.  Born  in  Ro\van  County  and  resided  as  a  fanner 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  Coiuitv  at  age  21.  Julv  1.  1861.  Killed  at 
Battle  of  First   .Manassas  July   21.   1861. 

SMITH,  JAMES,  Private  Born  in  Kershaw  District.  S.  C  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  Rowan  County  at  age  20.  .March  1.  1862  for  the  war. 
Died  at  Ashland,  \'a.,  .May  3,   1862  of  measles. 

SMITH,  WILLIAM  H.,  Pri^•ate.  Born  in  Roivan  C.oinit)  where  he  resided  as 
a  farmer  and  enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  19.  Julv  1.  1861  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  31,   1862  and  died  of  wound  June  30,  1862. 

SMITH,  WILLIAM  H.,  Private.     Killed  at   Battle  of  First   Manassas  Julv  21.   1861. 


398  The  Bloody  Sixth 

SMITH,  WILLIAM  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  30.  March  6,  1862  for  the  war.  ^Vounded  at  Fredericks- 
burg, V'a.,  December  13.  1862  and  retired  to  Invalid  Corps  because  of  wound 
December  2.  1864.  Took  Oath  of  Allegiance  at  Salisbui7  June  15.  1865. 

SPEARS,  JAMES  T.,  Private.  Born  in  Cabarrus  County  and  resided  in  Mecklen- 
burg County  as  a  tinner  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  18,  February 
20,  1862.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md.,  September  17.  1862  and  discharged 
at  Camp  near  Fredericksburg,  Va„  March  25,  1863  because  of  wound, 

SPECK,  HENRY,  Private.  Resided  in  Rowan  County,  Paroled  at  Salisbury  May 
15,  1865  and  took  Oath  of  Allegiance  May  31,  1865, 

SRONCE,  JACOB,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  enlisted  in  Rowan 
County  at  age  30,  October  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher,  Va., 
January  2,   1862  of  meningitis. 

STARRETT,  GEORGE  M.,  Private.  Born  in  Guilford  County  and  resided  as  a 
carpenter  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  19,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  Va,,  May  31,  1862  and  detailed  as  cai-penter  in  Jack- 
son Hospital,  Richmond,  Va,,  June  4,  1863.  Remained  on  detail  until  fur- 
loughed   for   30   days   February    15,    1865.    Paroled    at    Salisbuiy   May    18,    1865. 

STARRETT,  JOHN  E.  D.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Rowan  County  at 
age  19.  March  5.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Frederick.  Md..  September  12, 
1862  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Aiken's  Landing.  Va.,  November  10,  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station, 
Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and 
exchanged  at  Coxes  Landing,  James  River,  Va,,  February  14—15,  1865,  Stationed 
at  Camp   Lee,   near  Richmond.  Va.,   after  exchanged. 

SWICHER,  ALEXANDER  C,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  23,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war. 
Discharged   at   Buchanan.  Va..   May    10.   1862    by   reason   of   disability. 

SWICHER,  CLAUDIUS  W.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Rowan  County  at 
age  18,  March  12,  1862  for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas 
,\ugust  29,  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  \a..  Noxember  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookoiu,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Land- 
ing, Va.,  February  25-March   3,   1865.   Paroled  at  Salisbury   May   13,   1865. 

SWICHER,  JAMES  C,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  25,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Killed  at 
Fredericksburg,  Va..   December   13,   1862. 

SWING,  FRANKING,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  October  31,  1864 
for  the  war.  Furloughed  from  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  for  60  days  on 
January  26,  1865. 

THAXTON,  THOMAS  C,  Corporal.  Born  in  Caswell  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  20,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war. 
Mustered  in  as  Private.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .-Vugust  29-30, 
1862.   Promoted    to   Corpoial    November— December   1864. 

THOMASON,  FRANK  W.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Rowan  County  at 
age  28.  March   10.   1862.  Died  at  Richmond,  \'a..  July   1,   1862  of  disease. 

THOMASON,  JAMES  W.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Rowan  County  at 
age  23,  September  13,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  White  Sulphur  Spring,  Va., 
November   29.    1862   of   erysipelas. 


Roster  399 

THOMASON,  JESSE  PINKNEY,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Rowan  County 
at  age  20.  .Maicli  15,  18(i2  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Se\en  Pines.  \'a..  May  31, 
1862.  Captured  at  Sliarpsburg.  Md.,  September  17.  1862  and  confined  at  Fort 
McHenry.  Md..  luitil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing.  \a..  November 

2,  1862.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  July  1.  1863  and  captured  at  'Waterloo.  Pa., 
July  5,  1863.  Confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  luitil  transferred  to  Point  Look- 
out. Md.,  October  18.  1863.  Paroled  and  exchanged  at  Bonlware's  Wharf,  James 
River,  Va.,  February  20-21,  1865.  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee.  near  Richmond.  \'a., 
after  exchanged. 

THOM.4SON,  JOHN  PLINEY,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Rowan  County 
at  age  25.  .September  13,  1861  for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md., 
September  17,  1862  and  again  at  \Vinchester.  \'a..  September  18,  1864.  .Absent 
woiuided   through   December   1864. 

TREXLER,  AD.4M,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  20,  May  29.  1861  for  the  war.  Dis- 
charged at  Camp  near  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  January  14.  1863  by  reason  of 
"disease  of  foot." 

TREXLER,  MARCUS,  Piivate.  Enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  22.  May  29,  1861  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Bonlware's  Wharf, 
James  River,  Va..  March   16.   1865.  Paroled  at  Salisbury  May   18,   1865. 

UPRIGHT,  ELI,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer  prior 
to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  22,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station.  \'a..  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing.  \a..  February  25— March 

3,  1865.  Paroled  at  Salisbury  May   18,   1865. 

'W.ALKER,  .4.  F.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  .March  20.  1864  for  the  war.  .Absent 
sick   from   .April    1    through   December    1864. 

'WALKER,  G.  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  20,  1864  for  the  w^ar.  Paroled 
at  Salisbury  May  24.   1865. 

W.ALKER,  J.AMES  M.,  Private.  Born  in  Iredell  County  and  resided  as  a  carpenter 
in  Rowan  County  where  he  enlisted  at  age  21,  October  11.  1861  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill.  Va..  June  27.  1862.  Killed  at  Fredericksburg,  Va., 
December  13.  1862. 

WALKER,  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  Nfarch  20.  1864  for  the  war.  Absent 
sick  from  .April   I   through  October  1864. 

'WATERS,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Mecklenburg  County  at  age 
24.  February  17.  1862  for  the  war.  Deserted  during  Battle  of  Second  Manassas 
August  30,  'l862. 

■WEDLOCK,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Mecklenburg  County 
at  age  28,  February  19.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Fredericksburg.  Va., 
Mav  3.  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged 
at  City  Point.  \'a..  May  23,  1863.  Deserted  near  York,  Pa.,  June  30.   1863. 

■WICE,  J.4COB,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  .April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  .Adnritted 
to  hospital  at  Petersburg.  \'a..  December  15.  1864  and  sent  to  Raleigh  December 
26.   1864. 


400  The  Bloody  Sixth 

WILHELM,  W.  A.,  Private.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh 
IMarcli  20,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  Va..  February  6,  186.5 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Alle- 
giance June  21.  1865. 

■WILSON,  ALEX,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer  prior 
to  enlistment  in  Mecklenburg  County  at  age  23.  May  29.  1861  for  the  war. 
Never  mustered  into  service. 

^VILSON,  JOSEPH  H.,  Corporal.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  20,  May  20,  1861  tor  the  war.  Enlistment 
paper  gives  his  rank  as  Corporal,  however,  he  was   never  mustered  into  service. 

\VILSON,  JOSEPH  L.,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
in  Iredell  County  prior  to  enlistment  at  Charlotte  at  age  21.  May  29.  1861  for 
the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Corporal,  however  he  was  "reduced  to  ranks  from  Cor- 
poral for  conduct  unbecoming  North  Carolina  officers  and  soldiers  in  battle,  by 
Colonel  .Averv,  November  1,  1862."  Captured  at  Frederick.  Md..  July  17.  1864  and 
confined  at  Elmira.  N.  V..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  Mav  1.3, 
1865. 

WISE,  JACOB,  Private.  Pay  \oucher  indicates  he  received  pay  from  March  1 
through  April  30,  1864  while  on  furlough.  Hospital  register  of  General  Hos- 
pital No.  11,  Charlotte,  indicates  he  was  admitted  May  15,  1864  and  returned 
to  duty  June  21.   1864.  Paroled  at  Salisbury  May  2.   1865. 

WORD,  W.  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  November  7.  1864  for  the  war. 
Deserted  near  Petersburg.  \'a.,  and  received  by  the  Provost  Marshal,  Army  of 
the  Potomac,  Februarv  15.  1865.  Took  Oath  of  .Allegiance  and  provided  trans- 
portation  to   Philadelphia.  Pa. 

WORKMAN,  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  November  7,  1864  for  the  war. 
Deserted  December  18,  1864. 

WORKMAN,  JACOB,  Private.     Enlisted  April   1.  1864. 

WORKMAN,  JAMES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  November  7,  1864  for  the 
war.  Deserted  December   18.   1864. 

WORKMAN,  W.  H.,  Private.  Died  at  Richmond.  \'a.,  January  19-20,  1865  of  in- 
flammation of  the  brain  and  gangrene. 

YORK,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  19.  September 
22,  1862  for  the  war.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court   House.  Va.,  .\pril  9,   1865. 

YORK,  LEVI,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  and  conscripted  a:  Camp  Vance 
at  age  18,  August  20,  1863  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg.  Va..  February 

6.  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath 
of  Allegiance  June  22,  1865. 

YORK,  ^VILLIAM,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  Coiuity  where  he  was  concripted 
at  age  20,  September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Cold  Harbor.  \'a..  June 

7.  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  in 
October  1864.  Died  in  hospital  at  Richmond.  Va.,  October  9.  1864  of  chronic 
diarrhea  before  he  was  officially  declared  exchanged  on  October  30,   1864. 

YOST,  SOLOMON,  Private.  Born  in  Rowan  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  at  Charlotte  at  age  20,  May  29,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as 
Private  and  promoted  to  Corporal  July  1,  1863.  Wounded  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  detailed  as  nurse  in  hospital  at  Raleigh 
September  28,  1864.  Detailed  because  of  wound  and  reduced  to  ranks  because 
no  longer  with  company.  Appears  as  Corporal  on  hospital  records.  Captined 
in  hospital  at  Raleigh  .April  13.  1865  and  paroled  at  Raleigh  May  5,  1865.  Took 
Oath   of  Allegiance  at  Salisbury  June   15.   1865. 


Roster  401 

COMPANY  H 

OFFICERS 
CAPTAINS 

MITCHELL,  ALFRED  A.  Born  in  Pittsvhania  County.  Va.,  and  resided  in 
Caswell  County  as  a  druggist.  .-Appointed  Captain  by  Go\ernor  Ellis  to  rank 
from  May  16,  1S61.  Resigned  August  18.  1861.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at 
age  47.  June  23,  1864  for  the  war  and  appointed  Captain  Company  F,  7th 
Regiment  N.  C.  Senior  Reserves.  Resigned  November  21.  1864  by  reason  of 
need  for  druggist  at  Vanccvxille.  Caswell  Countv.  Resignation  accepted  Decem- 
ber 9.  1864. 

DURH.^M,  ^VILLIAM  J.  H.  Originally  appointed  1st  Lieutenant  Company  C, 
this  regiment,  and  promoted  Captain  of  Company  H  September  27,  1861. 
Resigned  February  3,   1862. 

RUFFIN,  THOMAS,  Jr.  Resided  in  Alamance  County  and  elected  Captain  of 
Company  E.  13th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  (3rd  Regiment  X.  C.  Volunteers)  May 
1.  1861.  Resigned  September  1861  and  assigned  temporarily  to  Company  H, 
6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  January  14,  1862.  Re-elected  Captain  of  Com- 
pany E,  13th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  .-^pril  26,  1862  and  promoted  to  Lieutenant 
Colonel  of  that  regiment  May  1,  1862.  Resigned  March  2.  1863  to  accept  ap- 
pointment of  judgeship  on  .Military  Court  of  Major  General  E.  K.  Smith's 
Department.  .Appointed  to  judgeship  December  16.  1862  to  take  rank  as  Colonel 
of  Cavalry  from  that  date.  J'aroled  after  taking  Oath  of  .\llegiance  at  Greens- 
boro May  2.   1865. 

LE.\,  JERE>nAH  A.  Resided  in  Caswell  County  and  appointed  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant 
Mav  16,  1861.  Promoted  to  Sr  2nd  Lieiuenant  .-\ugust  1.  1861  and  to  Captain 
February  3,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a.,  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Johnson's  Island,  Ohio,  imtil  transferred  to  City  Point.  Va.. 
February  24.  1865  for  exchange. 

LIEUTENANTS 

ANDERSON,  QUINTIN  T.,  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  Caswell  County  and 
appointed  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant  May  16,  1861.  Resigned  in  .August  1861  by  reason 
of  disability  and  re-enlisted  as  a  Private  iir  Caswell  County  at  age  25,  February 
25.  1862  for  the  war.  .Appointed  Sergeant  Major  .August  1.  1863  and  transferred 
to  Field  &  Staff. 

COVINGTON,  WILLIAM  F.,  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at 
age  22.  June  6,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Sergeant 
September  22,  1861.  Promoted  to  1st  Sergeant  February  8,  1862  and  wounded  at 
Seven  Pines,  \'a..  May  31,  1862.  Reduced  to  ranks  February  1,  1863  bv  reason  of 
disability  caused  by  wound.  Detailed  as  Brigade  \Vagonmaster  and  Regimental 
Ordnance  Sergeant  February  1863  through  March  1864.  Elected  Jr  2nd  Lieuten- 
ant December  2,  1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House.  \'a..  .April  9,  1865. 

HILL,  SAMUEL  P.,  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  Caswell  Countv  and  enlisted 
at  Raleigh  November  16.  1861  for  the  war.  .Appointed  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant  Novem- 
ber 16.  1861  and  promoted  to  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant  February  3,  1862.  Captured 
at  Rappahannock  Station,  \'a..  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Johnson's 
Island,  Ohio,  until  released  on   taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  Jime   13.   1865. 


402  The  Bloody  Sixth 

OLIVER,  MO>'ROE,  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  Caswell  County  where  he 
enlisted  at  age  28,  June  18,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Corporal  and 
promoted  to  1st  Sergeant  July  22,  1861.  .Appointed  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant  Februai7 
3,   1862.   Wounded   at  Sharpsburg,   Md„  September    17,   1862.   Resigned    March 

5,  1863   by   reason  of  disability  caused  by  wound. 

WALKER,  LEVI  HARDY,  1st  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  Caswell  County  and  ap- 
pointed 1st  Lieutenant  at  age  22,  to  rank  from  May  16,  1861.  Wounded  at 
Chancellorsville.  Va..  May  4,  1863.  Wounded  in  May  1864  and  sent  home.  .-Absent 
wounded   through  January   1865. 

NON-COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS  AND  PRIVATES 

ABR.AMS,  CHARLES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  age  29,  June  15.  1861  and  discharged 
.August   1861, 

ADAMS,  HANIBAL  A.,  Private.     Enlisted   in   Caswell   County   at   age   18,  June  6, 

1861  for  the  war,  Woimded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21,  1861  and  dis- 
charged September  19,  1861  by  reason  of  disability, 

ALDRED,  JOHN  B.,  Private,     Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age   19,  February  25, 

1862  for  the  war,  ^Vounded  at  Chancellorsvile,  Va.,  May  3-4,  1863  causing 
amputation  of  arm.  Retired  to  Invalid  Corps  .August  16,  1864  and  declared 
totally  disqualified  for  service  February   16,   1865, 

ALDRIDGE,  JAMES  R.,  Private.     Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  27,  June  28, 

1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17,  1862,  Captured 
at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va,,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va,,  Februai")'  25- 
March   3,   1865. 

ALDRIDGE,  WILLIAM  J.,  Private.  Conscripted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  34, 
November  3,  1863  for  the  war.  Paroled  at  ."Appomattox  Court  House.  \a..  .\pril 
9,  1865. 

ALLEN,  G.  F.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  25.  1864  for  the  war.  'Wounded 
in   May   1864.   Present  or  accounted   for   through   December   1864. 

ALLEN,  R.  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  25,  1864  for  the  war.  Died 
in  Stokes  County  August   15,   1864  of  disease. 

ANDERSON,  Q.  A.,  Private.     Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  28,  February  25, 

1862  for  the  war.  Died  at   Richmond,  Va.,  April  20,   1862  of  measles, 

BARTS,  W.  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Staunton,  \'a,,  June  25,  1864  for  the  war. 
Absent  sick  from  July  20  through   December   1864, 

BIRK,  JOHN  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  18,  February  25, 
1862  for  the  war.  Killed  at  Gaines'  Mill,  Va„  June  27,  1862, 

BIVENS,  JAMES  MONROE,  Private.     Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  22,  June 

6,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa„  July  4,  1863  and  confined  at 
Fort  Delaware,  Del,,  where  he  died  January  3,  1864  of  chronic  dysentery, 

BOSWELL,  THOMAS  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  27.  February 
25,  1862  for  the  war.  Detailed  as  hospital  nurse  September  13,  1862  by  reason 
of  "being  unfit  for  field  service,"  and  assigned  to  hospital  at  Danville,  \'a.,  where 
he  sened   until  end  of  war. 


Roster  403 

BOULDIN,  MARTIN  V.  B.,  Corporal.  Boin  in  Caswell  County  where  he  enlisted 
at  age  22.  Jime  6.  18(51  lor  tlie  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  promoted  to 
Corporal  April  25.  1862.  Died  at   Ridimond.  \'a..  .Augirst  20.  1862  of  diphtheria. 

BOULDIN,  WILSON   L.,  Sergeant.       Enlisted   in   Caswell   County   at   age  20,  June 

6.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  June  30, 
1861.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  .April  2.").  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station, 
Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and 
exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing.  \'a..  February  25-March  3,  1865.  Paroled  at 
Greensboro  May   17.  1865. 

BR.4DLV,  B.  N.,  Private.  Wounded  at  Plvmotuh  .April  18,  1864  and  died  of 
wotnid   at   AVeklon    May   4.    1864. 

BRANRIN,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  51,  June  6,  1861 
for  the  war.  Detailed  in  Quartermaster  Department,  Staunton,  \'a..  in  late 
1862   and   remained   on   detail    until   end   of   war, 

BRINCEFIELD,  ANDREW  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  24, 
June  6,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Sergeant  June 
30,  1861,  Reduced  to  ranks  in  July  1861,  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va., 
November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md,,  until  paroled  and  ex- 
changed at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va„  February  25— March   3,   1865, 

BROWNING,  ELIJAH  CEPHAS,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Caswell  County 
at  age  22,  February  25,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  .Ashland,  Va.,  June  1862  of 
disease. 

BURTON,  THOMAS  A.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  Comity  u'here  he  resided  and 
enlisted  at  age  18,  February  25,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  home  in  Caswell 
Countv  June  20.  1862  of  pneumonia. 

CAMPBELL,  ALLEN  C,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  31.  February 
28,  1862  for  the  war.  Originallv  enlisted  in  Company  C.  41st  Regiment  N.  C. 
Troops  (3rd  Regiment  X.  C,  Cavalry)  but  tiansferred  to  this  company  Xo\ember 

7,  1864,  Present  through  December  1864, 

CAPE,  THOMAS  R.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  19,  June  6,  1861 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Fredericksburg,  Va„  May  3,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort 
Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point.  Va.,  May  23,  1863. 
Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa,,  July  5.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md., 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  Wharf,  James  River,  Va,,  February 
18,   1865,  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee,  near  Richmond,  Va.,  after  exchanged, 

CHATHAM,  ENOCH  W.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  enlisted  at 
age  24,  June  6,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Jones,  \'a.,  September  14,  1861 
of  typhoid  fever, 

CHATHAM,  JOHN  C,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age 
21,  June  6,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  and  captured  at  Rappahannock  Station, 
Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  in  hospitals  at  Washington,  D,  C.  until 
transferred  to  Point  Lookout,  Md,  Paroled  and  exchanged  at  \enus  Point, 
Savannah   River,  Ga„  November   15,   1864. 

CHATHAM,  WILLLAM,  Private.     Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  20,  February 

25,  1862  for  the  war,  Mortallv  woiuided  and  captured  at  Sharpsburg,  Md., 
September   17,   1862. 


404  The  Bloody  Sixth 

COLE,  TILMAN,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as  a  black- 
smith and  enlisted  at  age  25,  February  25.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  in  Caswell 
County  May  10,  1862  of  fever. 

COLEMAN,  ALEXANDER,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  25.  February  25,  1862  for  the  war.  Discharged 
February  1-4,  1863  by  reason  of  dislocation  of  the  shoulder  joint  of  eight 
months  standing. 

COLEMAN,  JAMES  £.,  Sergeant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age 
19,  June  6.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private.  Wounded  at  Malvern 
Hill,  \'a..  July  1,  1862  and  at  Chancellorsville,  Va..  May  4.  1863.  Admitted  to 
hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  March  26.  1865,  wounded,  and  captured  in  hos- 
pital .\pril  3,  1865.  Confined  at  Newport  News,  Va..  luitil  released  after  taking 
taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  30,  1865.  Register  of  appointments  indicates 
he  was  appointed  an  Ensign  and  1st  Lieutenant  October  30,  1864,  however, 
he  appears  as  Sergeant  on  all  1865  records. 

COMPTON,  THOMAS  Y.,  Private.     Enlisted   in   Caswell   County  at  age   19,  June 

18,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va..  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .'Kiken's 
Landing,  Va.,  February  25— March  3,  1865.  Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond, 
Va.,  after  exchanged. 

COVINGTON,  E.  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  February  7.  1864  for  the  war. 
.-Vdmitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  wounded.  March  27,  1865  and  captured 
in  hospital  .'April  3.  1865.  Released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  21,  1865. 

COVINGTON,  JOHN  E.,  Private.     Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age   19,  June  6, 

1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes 
Wharf,  James  River,  Va..  February  14-15,  1865.  Admitted  to  hospital  at  Rich- 
mond. \'a..  after  exchanged. 

COX,  ELIAS,  Private.  Took  Oath  of  .Allegiance  at  -Alvin's  Ferry,  Chatham  County, 
April  24,   1865. 

CURRIE,  DAVID  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  37,  July  3, 
1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointeti  Hospital  Steward 
October  1,  1861   and  transferred  to  the  Field  and  Staff. 

DAMERON,  W.  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  25,  1864  for  the  war.  Died 
at   Richmond,  Va.,  January  26.   1865  of  hepatitis. 

DAVIS,  J.  L.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  25.  1864  for  the  war.  Paroled 
at  .Appomattox  Court   House.  Va..  .April   9.   1865. 

DON  OHO,  SANDY  R.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  18,  June  16, 
1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private.  Captured  at  South  Mountain,  Md., 
September  14,  1862  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until  paroled  and 
exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing.  A'a.,  November  10.  1862.  Wounded  at  Fredericks- 
burg, Va.,  December  12-13,  1862.  Promoted  to  Corporal  September  15-October 
31,  1864.  Captured  at  Farmville.  Va..  .April  6.  1865  and  confined  at  Newport 
News,  Va.,  where  he  died  May  21.  1865  after  being  struck  by  lightning.  Appears 
as  Sergeant  on   1865   records. 

DRAKE,  H.,  Private.     Died  at  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  February   15,   1865. 


Roster  405 

DRAKE,  JOHN  P.,  Private.  Born  in  Person  County  and  enlisted  in  Caswell 
County  at  age  I.S.  June  6,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Jones,  Va.,  Septem- 
ber 6.  1861   o£  typhoid   fever. 

DUNNEVANT,  ABRAH.4M,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  tanner  and  enlisted  at  age  22,  February  25,  1862  for  the  war.  Discharged  at 
Richmond.  \'a..  .-Vugust  23.   1862  by  reason  of  abdominal   tumor. 

DUNNEVANT,  JOHN  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  27,  June 
16,   1861   for  the  war.  Paroled  at   Appomattox  Court   House,  Va..  .■\pril  9.   186,i. 

DUNNEVANT,  WILLIAM  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  Comity  at  age  26, 
June  16,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1.  1863  and  left 
at  Williamsport.  Md.,  July  10,  1863  where  he  was  captured  on  July  15,  1863. 
Confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  initil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point, 
Va  .  -April  27,    1864.   Paroled   at   .\ppomattox   Court   House,   Va.,  .\pril   9,   1865. 

ENOCH,  REECE  H.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  2-1, 
June  12,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Frederick,  Md..  September  14.  1862  and 
confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .-Aiken's  Land- 
ing, Va.,  November  10,  1862.  Captured  at  Farmville,  Va,,  ,4pril  6,  1865  and 
confined  at  Newport  News,  \'a.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance 
June  26,  1865. 

EVANS,  JOHN  W.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  at  age  23,  June  6,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  First 
Manassas  July  21,  1861,  causing  amputation.  Discharged  at  Camp  near  Rich- 
mond, Va.,  May  24,  1862  by  reason  of  wound, 

EVANS,  THOM.A.S  L.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
fai-mer  and  enlisted  at  age  21,  June  6,  1861  for  the  war.  AVounded  at  Chancel- 
lorsville.  \a..  May  4,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  \'a..  November 
7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after  joining  the 
United  States  Army  January  26,  1864,  Mustered  in  as  Private  at  Norfolk,  Va., 
May  1,  1864  in  Company  F,  1st  Regiment  LI.  S.  Volunteers  for  three  years. 
Appointed  Corporal  effecti\e  from  date  of  enlistment.  Promoted  to  Sergeant 
No\'ember  1.  1864.  Deserted  on  march  from  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kanasas,  to 
Fort  Fletcher,  Kansas,  November  2,  1865. 

FITCH,  GEORGE  S.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  25,  June  6, 
1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  present  or  accounted  for  through 
December  1864  as  Private.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  Va..  .\pril  9, 
1865   with  the  rank  of  Sergeant, 

FITCH,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  in  Caswell  County  and  enlisted  at  Kinston 
Februarv  7,  1864  for  the  war.  Paroled  at  .\i3pomattox  Court  House,  \'a..  .\pril 
9,  1865.' 

FORD,  SPENCER  B.,  Private.  Born  in  Halifax  County.  Va.,  and  enlisted  in 
Caswell  County  at  age  24,  June  14,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher,  Va., 
October   27,    1861    of   dysenteria   chronic. 

FOWLER,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  35,  June  6,  1861 
for  the  war.  \\'oimded  at  Lvnchburg,  \'a.,  June  18,  1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomatto.x 
Court  House,  \'a.,  .\pril  9.  1865. 

FULTON,  F.  B.,  Private.  Died  at  Richmond.  \'a..  June  25-26.  1864  of  paralysis 
and   convulsions. 


406  The  Bloody  Sixth 

GARRISON,  THOMAS,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age 
19,  June  6,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsbnrg,  Md.,  September  17, 
1862  and  died  of  woinid  at  Winchester,  Va.,  September  22,   1862. 

GLIDEWELL,  ZACHARIAH,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  May  25.  1864  for  the 
war.  Fiirloughed  at  hospital  at  Danville,  Va.,  for  60  days  ,4pril  9,  1865.  Paroled 
at   Greensboro. 

GRINSTEAD,  Z.  R.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  27,  June  6,  1861 
for  the  war.  Woiwided  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahan- 
nock Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  .\iken's  Landing,  Va„  February  25— March  3,  1863, 
Admitted  to  hospital  at   Richmond,  \'a.,  after  exchanged. 

H.-VNNER,  J.  H.,  Private,     Died  at   Plymouth  April   18,   1864  of  wound. 

HARRELSON,  WILLIAMSON,  Corporal.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  25,  1864  for 
the  war.  Present  or  accoiuited  for  through  December  1864  as  Private.  Paroled 
at  .\ppomattox  Court   House,  Va,,  ."Vpril  9,   1865  as  Corporal. 

HARRIS,  E.  STERLING,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  .April  1.  1864  for  the  war. 
Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond.  Va.,  March  31,  1865,  wounded,  and  captured 
in  hospital  April  3,  1865.  Released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  .April  23, 
1865, 

HAWKINS,  EPHRAIM,  Private.  Born  in  Person  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  Caswell  County  at  age  22,  June  18,  1861  for  the  war. 
Discharged  near  Yorktown.  Va.,  .April  26.   1862  by  reason  of  disability. 

HENDRICK,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  19,  February  25. 
1862  for  the  war.  Left  in  hospital  at  .Ashland.  Va.,  May  20,  1862  and  buried 
in   Hollvwood   Cemetery.   Richmond.   Va..  June    14.    1862. 

HENSLEV,  .ADDISON  G.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  37.  June 
6.   1861  for  the  war.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House.  Va..  .April  9.   18(55. 

HENSLEY,  JAMES,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  November  1863  for 
the  war.  Recei\ed  bv  the  Provost  Marshal  General.  Washington,  D,  C  April 
12,  1865  from  City  Point,  Va.,  as  a  deserter.  Took  Oath  of  .Allegiance  and 
furnished   transportation   to  New  York   City. 

HENSLEY,    SIDNEY   T.,   Private.     Enlisted    in    Caswell    County   at   age   24,   June 

6,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  A'a.,  February  25— March 
3,  1865. 

HESTER,  N.ATHANIEL  W,,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  22.  June 
6,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  promoted  to  Corporal  February 
8,  1862.  Wounded  at  Seven  Pines.  Va.,  May  31,  1862.  Promoted  to  Sergeant 
February  1,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus 
Point,  Savannah  Ri\er,  Ga.,  November  15,  1864.  Captured  near  Petersburg, 
Va..  March  25,  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout  until  released  after  taking 
Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  3,   1865, 

HESTER,  WILLIAM  H.,  Private,  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at 
age  21,  June  6,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher,  Va..  January  1.  1862  of 
pneiniiionia. 


Roster  407 

HOLDERBY,  J.  S.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  1864  tor  the  war.  Died 
in    Rockingham   County.   \'a..   .August    20.    1864   of   pneumonia. 

HOOPER,  N.A.TH.4NIEL,  Private.  Enlistetl  in  Caswell  County  at  age  20.  February 
25.  1862  for  the  war.  \Vounded  and  admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond.  Va., 
July  1,  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a.,  November  7.  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Land- 
ing. \a..  FebruaiT  25— March  3,  1865.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond.  Va., 
after  exchanged. 

HOOPER,  THOM.4S,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Caswell  County  for  the 
war.  Deserted  December  11.  1864  and  taken  prisoner  on  the  same  day.  Released 
after  taking  Oath  of  .Amnesty  December  13,  1864. 

HOW.4RD,  J.  S.,  Private.  Resided  in  Caswell  County  and  enlisted  at  Kinston 
.April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Detailed  as  Hospital  Steward  at  Richmond.  Va..  June 
through  December  1864.  Captured  at  Petersburg.  \'a..  .April  1.  1865  and  con- 
fined at  Hart's  Island.  X.  'i".  Harbor,  where  he  died  Mav  4,  1865  of  typhoid 
fever. 

HTJFFINES,  J.AMES  F.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  and  enlisted  at  Kins- 
ton  March  1,  1864  for  the  war.  ^Vounded  and  capttired  near  \Vinchester.  Va., 
September  25,  1864.  Confined  at  West's  Building  Hospital.  Baltimore.  Md..  until 
transferred  to  Point  Lookout.  Md.  Paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point, 
Savannah  River,  Ga.,  November  15.  1864.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  5.  1865. 

HUGHES,  WILLIAM  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  July  4.  1861  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \a.,  November  7,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing. 
^"a.,  Februarv  25— March  3.  1865.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond.  \'a.,  after 
exchanged.  Paroled  at  Greensboro   May   13.   1865. 

HUTCHISON,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  24.  June  C, 
1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  June  30, 
1861.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  February  8.  1863.  \Vounded  at  Battle  of  Second 
Manassas  .August  28,  1862  causing  amputation.  Reduced  to  ranks  February  1, 
1863  because  of  prolonged  absence  caused  by  wound.  Paroled  at  Greensboro 
May   9.    1865. 

JEFFREYS,  ^VILLLAM,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  18.  .August  20,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  .Ashland, 
Va.,  -April   14,   1862  of  pneumonia. 

JOHNSTON,  JOHN  H.,  1st  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  21, 
June  6,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Corporal  and  promoted  to  1st  Sergeant 
June  30,  1861  and  reduced  to  Corporal  July  22.  1861.  ^Vounded  at  Malvern 
Hill.  Va..  July  1.  1862.  Promoted  to  1st  Sergeant  February  1,  1863.  Paroled  at 
Appomattox  Court  House.  \a..  .April  9.   1865. 

JOHNSTON,  JOSHU.A  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  18,  June 
6.   1861   for  the   war.   .Mortallv  wounded   at   Plymouth  April   18.   1864. 

JOHNSTON,  S.  D.,  Private.  Resided  in  Gaston  County  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh 
March  25.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Farmville.  \'a.,  .April  6.  1865  and  con- 
fined at  Newport  News,  Va..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June 
25,  1865. 

JOHNSTON,  W.  S.  -Appears  on  May  1 — September  15,  1864  Muster  Roll  as  'absent, 
missing  in  action." 


408  The  Bloody  Sixth 

JONES,  A.,  Private.  Appears  on  May  1 — September  15.  1864  Muster  Roll  as  "ab- 
sent, missing  in  action."  Captured  at  Chickahominy  Swamp,  Va.,  June  7.  1864 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  transferred  to  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  July  25, 
1864.  Paroled  at  Elmira  March  2,  1865  and  sent  to  James  River.  Va.,  for  ex- 
change. .'Xdmitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  March  7,  1865.  and  furloughed 
for  30  days   March   9,   1865.   Paroled   at  Greensboro   May   14.    1865. 

KERSEY,  JAMES  L.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  23.  June  6,  1861  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a.,  November  7.  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exclianged  at  Boulware's  Wharf, 
James  River,  Va.,  March  16.  1865. 

KIMBRO,  THOM.AS  R.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  45,  June  6,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Camp 
Fisher.  \a..  January  20,  1862  by  reason  of  age  and  excessive  corpulency, 

KING,  SIDNEY  T.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  20,  February  25, 
1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va„  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  .Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .-Viken's 
Landing.  \'a.,   Februarv  25— March   3.   1865. 

LEWIS,  CHARLES  H.,  Private.  Resided  in  Caswell  County  as  a  trader  where  he 
enlLsted  at  age  27,  February  25.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  ^Vinchester.  Va., 
July  20.  1864  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase.  Ohio,  until  exchanged  at  City  Point, 
Va.,  March   10-12.  1865. 

LOYD,  JOHN  ^V.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  28,  June  6,  1861 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Fredericksburg.  \'a..  May  3,  1863  and  exchanged  at 
City  Point,  Va.,  May  23,  1863.  Captured  at  Farmville,  Va.,  .-^pril  6,  1865  and 
confined  at  Newport  News,  Va, 

LUNSFORD,  JOSEPH  R.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  41.  June  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Camp 
near  Richmond.  \'a..  Julv  20,   1862  by  reason  of  general  physical  anemia. 

LUNSFORD,  PAYTON  L.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  38.  June  16.  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  July 
19.   1862   by  reason   of  general   disability, 

LYON,  GEORGE  W,,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  19.  June  6, 
1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill.  \a..  June  27,  1862.  Killed  at 
Gettysburg,   Pa.,   July    1,    1863. 

LYON,  JOHN  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  24,  June  6,  1861 
for  the  war.  Detailed  as  shoemaker  in  Georgia  from  November  18,  1862  to 
January  1,  1864.  ^Voiuided  at  \\lnchester,  \'a.,  July  23,  1864  and  died  of  wound 
at  Winchester  September  10-15.  1864. 

MADREN,  JAMES,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  Comity  where  he  resided  as  a  fanner 
and  enlisted  at  age  19.  February  25.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  in  Caswell  Coimty 
September   18.   1862   of  diphtheria. 

MALONE,  BARTLET  YANCEY,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age 
22,  June  6,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal 
May-June  1862.  W'ounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va.,  July  1,  1862.  Promoted  to 
Sergeant  February  1,  1863.  ^Vounded  at  Chancellorsville.  Va.,  May  4.  1863. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout,  -Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .-Mken's  Landing.  Va., 
February  25-March  3,  1865.  .\dmitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  after 
exchanged. 


Roster  409 

>rALONE,  HAYWOOD,  Coqwral.  Resided  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted  in 
Caswell  County  at  age  25.  June  6.  18(51  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private 
and  appointed  Corporal  May  12-August  31,  1863.  Wounded  and  captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  in  hospital  at 
Washington,  D.  C.  until  transferred  to  Fort  Delaware.  Del..  June  15.  1864. 
Released  after  taking  Oath   of  .\llegiance  June   19.    1865. 

M.\RTIN,  JAMES  ^V.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  wliere  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  18,  June  6,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private 
and  appointed  Corporal  June  30.  1861.  ^\'ounded  at  .Se\en  Pines.  \'a..  May 
31.  1862.  Reduced  to  ranks  and  discharged  at  Petersburg.  \'a..  February  9, 
1863  by  reason  of  wound. 

MASSEY,  A.  A.,  Private.  Resided  in  Caswell  County.  Captured  at  Farmville.  \'a., 
April  6.  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News.  \'a..  until  released  after  taking 
Oath  of  Allegiance  June  25,  1865, 

MASSEY,  JAMES,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  lie  enlisted  at  age  20, 
November  1,  1862  for  tlie  war.  Paroled  at  ..\ppomattox  Court  House.  \"a.,  April 
9,  1865. 

MASSEY,   THOMAS,  Private.     Resided   and   enlisted   in   Caswell   County   February 

25.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond.  Va..  April   1.   1862  from  congestion  of 
kings. 

Mc.\D.\MS,  J.AMES  T.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  age  23.  June  19,  1861  and  discharged 
July   11.  1861. 

McKEE,  J.  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  .April  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Paroled  at 
Burkexille.  \a..  .April  14-17.  1865. 

McKINNEY,  PETER,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  24.  Februaiy 
25.  1862  for  the  war.  \\'ounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August  29,  1862 
and  again  near  Staunton,  \a.,  October  19,  1864.  Absent  wounded  through 
December  1864. 

MILES,  .iLEXAXDER  T.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  27.  February  25.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  .Ashland, 
\'a..  .April  28.  1863  of  pneumonia. 

MILES,  JOHN  S.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  30.  February  25, 
1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Staunton.  \'a..  .August  26.  1864.  Present  or  ac- 
counted  for   through    December    1864. 

MILES,  MIC-AGAH,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  22.  June  6.  1861 
for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va.,  July  1,  1862,  Missing  at  Gettysburg, 
Pa..  July  2-3.   1863. 

MILES,  THOM.AS  C,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  33.  June  6.  1861 
for   the   war.   Killed   at   Gettysburg,   Pa..  July   2,   1863. 

MILES,  'W.ARREN,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  at  age  18.  February  25.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Charlottesville, 
\'a..  June  29.  1862  of  pneumonia. 

MILES,  WILLIAM  B.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  23.  June  6.  1861 
for  the  war.  \\'ounded  and  captured  at  Sharpsbuig.  .Md..  September  17.  1862. 
Died  in  hospital  on  battlefield. 


410  The  Bloody  Sixth 

MILLINGTON,  HAYWOOD,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  18,  June  6,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Camp 
Fisher,  Va.,  February  25.  18(52  by  reason  of  physical  inability  and  mental  in- 
capacity. 

MOORE,  ANDREW,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  40,  February  25, 
1802  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a..  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's 
Landing.  Va.,  February  14-15,  1865.  Detailed  at  Camp  Lee.  near  Richmond,  Va,, 
after  exchanged, 

MOORE,  JOHN  T.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  Countv  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  at  age  44,  June  18,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Richmond,  Va., 
July  16,  1862  by  reason  of  chronic  rheumatism. 

MOREV,  J.  W^,  Private.     Conscripted   March   1.   1863   for   the  war. 

MOREY,  W.  T.,  Private.  Enlisted  February  25,  1862  for  the  war  and  died  .\pril 
1,  1862, 

MORGAN,   SAMUEL   W,,   Private.     Enlisted    in    Caswell   County   at   age    19,   June 

18,  1861   for  the  war.  Discharged  August   1861. 

MURPHEY,  BASLEY,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  23,  June  18, 
1861  for  the  war,  \Vounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  \'a.,  Jidy  1,  1862,  Missing  in  action 
June   10,   1863, 

MURRAY,   JOHN    T.,    Private.     Enlisted   in    Caswell    County    at    age    31,   June   6, 

1861  for  the  war.  Killed  at  \Vinchester.  Va..  July  25,  1864. 

MURRIE,  W.  W.,  Corporal.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  19.  June  6.  1861 
for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  October  1.  1862. 
Captined  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout,  Md,,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  \Vharf,  James 
River,   Va,,   March    16,    1865. 

NANCE,  BUREN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  25.  June  18.  1861 
for  the  war.  Detailed  as  teamster  .\ugust  1861  through  October  1864.  Present 
November— December  1864. 

NANCE,  ELI,  Private.  Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  3,  1863  and  confined  at 
Fort  Delaware,  Del,,  until  transferred  to  Point  Lookout,   Md,,  October  18,   1863, 

NICHOLS,  W.,  Private,     Died  at  Richmond,  Va..  December  6.  1862  of  pneumonia. 

O'DANIEL,  J.  L.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  25,  1864  for  the  war.  Cap- 
tured and  paroled  at  Burkeville,  Va.,  ,^pril   14-17,  1865. 

OLIVER,  JAMES   T.,   Sergeant.     Resided   and   enlisted   in   Caswell   County   at   age 

19,  FebruaiT  25,  1862  for  the  war.  Left  behind  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  sick,  and 
captured  July  5,  1863,  Confined  at  DeCamp  General  Hospital,  David's  Island, 
N.  Y.  Harbor,  until  paroled  at  City  Point.  Va..  September  8.  1863.  Declared  ex- 
changed January— February  1864.  Captured  at  Farmville,  Va..  .April  6,  1865  and 
confined  at  Newport  News,  Va„  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .\Ilegiance 
June  25,  1865, 

OLIVER,  JOHN  G.,  Private.     Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  30,  Februai7  25, 

1862  for   the   war.    Missing  at   Rappahannock   Station,   Va„   November   7,    1863. 


Roster  411 

PAGE,  FRANKLIN,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  cnUsted  at  age  27.  February  25.  18()2  for  the  war.  ^Vounded  at  Golding's 
Farm.  Va..  June  28.  1862.  Discharged  near  Fredericksburg.  Va..  March  25,  1863 
bv  reason  of  wound,  .\dmitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond.  \'a..  .April  2.  1865, 
wounded,  and  captured  in  hospital  .April  3,  1865.  Confined  at  Libby  Prison, 
Richmond,  until  transferred  to  Newport  News.  Va..  where  he  was  released  after 
taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  Jiuie  30.  1865. 

PAGE,  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Roanoke.  Va..  February  1862  for  the  war.  .Admitted 
to  hospital  at  Richmond.  \'a.,  February   1865  as  a  paroled  prisoner. 

PAGE,  J.AMES  .A.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  20.  June  6.  1861  for 
the  war.  Furloughed  from  liospital  at  Richmond.  \'a..  for  30  days.  .April  17.  1862. 

PINNIX,  I.  C,  Corporal.  Resided  in  Caswell  County  and  enlisted  at  Kinston  .April 
13.  1864  for  the  war.  Present  as  Private  through  December  1864.  \Vounded  and 
captured  at  .Appomattox  Court  House.  \'a..  .April  9,  1865.  Confined  in  hospital 
at  ^\■ashington,  D.  C.  luitil  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  12, 
1865.  .Appears  as  Corporal  on  1865  records. 

PLE.ASANT,  .ANDERSON  >I.,  Private.     Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  23,  June 

6.  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg,  .Md.,  September  17,  1862  and  again 
at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  1.  1863.  Left  behind  at  Williamsport,  Md..  July  10, 
1863  and  captured  and  admitted  to  hospital  at  Hagerstown.  Md..  where  he  died. 

PLE.AS.4NT,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  25, 
February  25,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  .Ashland.  \'a.,  .April  23.   1862  of  disease. 

POWELL,  JOSI.AH  J.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Caswell  County  February 
28,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  Va..  March  25.  1865  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance 
June   17,  1865. 

POWELL,  THOMAS,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  Comity  at  age  30,  February 
25.   1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richnu)nd.  \a..  .April    19.   1862  of  measles. 

PRIDDV,  WILLLAM,  Private.  Resided  in  Stokes  County  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh 
March  25.  1864  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Cedar  Creek.  Va..  October  19,  1864 
and  captured  in  hospital  at  RichmontI,  \'a.,  .April  3.  1865.  Confined  at  New]3ort 
News.  \'a..  luitil  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  30,  1865. 

R.AGAN,  N.ATHANIEL,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  18.  June  6, 
1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Soulh  Mountain.  Md..  September  15.  1862  and 
confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Land- 
ing. \'a..  November   10.   1862.  Missing  at   Rappahannock  Station,  \a..  November 

7,  1863. 

RIAL,  CHARLES  W.,  Corporal.  Born  in  Geniiany  and  resided  in  Guilford  County 
prior  to  enlistment  in  Caswell  County  at  age  27.  June  12.  1861  for  the  war. 
Mustered  in  as  Pri\ate  and  appointed  Corporal  October  1.  1862.  Wounded  and 
captiued  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \a..  November  7.  1863  and  admitted  to 
hospital   at   Washington.  D.  C...  where  he  died   November   14.   1863. 

RICHMOND,  THOMAS  S.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  19.  June 
6,   1861   for  the  war.   Killed  at   Gettysburg,   Pa..  July   1.   1863. 

RICHMOND,  WILLIAM  D.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at 
age  19.  June  6.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Sergeant 
Jiuie  30,  1861.  Reduced  to  ranks  September— October  1861  by  reason  of  prolonged 
sickness.    Wounded    at    Fredericksburg.    \a..,    December    14,    1862.    Captured    at 


412  The  Blood v  Sixth 

Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing.  Va.,  February  25— March 
3,   1865.  Died  at  Richmond,  Va.,  March  4,   1865  of  chronic  diarrhea. 

ROBBINS,  JAMES,  Private.  Captured  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  3,  1863  and  con- 
lined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del. 

ROBERTS,  MARION,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  and  resided  and  en- 
listed in  Caswell  County  at  age  19,  Jinie  6,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  home 
in   Caswell   Comity  December  4.    1861    of   typhoid   fever. 

ROBERTS,  THOMAS,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  26,  February  25.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond, 
Va..  January  10.  1863  of  dysenteria  acuta. 

ROBERTSON,  JAMES  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  18.  June 
6.  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  and  captured  at  Winchester,  Va.,  September  19, 
1864.  Confined  at  West's  Building  Hospital.  Baltimore.  Md.,  until  paroled  and 
exchanged  February  20,  1865.  Captined  in  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va..  .^pril 
3,  1865  where  he  died  June  5-6,  1865. 

ROSCOE,  HENRY,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  22,  March  1,  1863 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7.  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Varina,  Va., 
September  22.  1864.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  September  23,  1864 
aird    transferred    to   Danville,   Va.,   October    1,    1864. 

ROSCOE,  JOHN,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  at  age  20,  February  25.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  .Ashland.  Va.. 
.\pril  30,  1862  of  measles. 

RUDD,  ANDERSON  P.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  18.  June 
6,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Sergeant  June  30, 
1861.  Wounded  and  captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va..  November  7.  1863 
and  admitted  to  hospital  at  Washington,  D.  C.  Transferred  to  Point  Lookout, 
Md..  February  3,  1864  and  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va., 
February  25— March  3.  1865.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  after  ex- 
changed. 

RUDD,  ELISHA  W.,  Corporal.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  29,  June  18, 
1861-  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864  as  Private. 
Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va..  .April  9,  1865,  as  a  Corporal. 

RUDD,  LUTHER  Y.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  whei'e  he  resided  prior  to  en- 
listment at  Raleigh  at  age  28.  August  20,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher, 
Va.,  February  17,  1862  of  phthisis  pulmonalis. 

SAWYER,  G.  A.,  Private.  Conscripted  and  joined  company  at  Staunton,  Va., 
June  25.   1864.   Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court   House.  Va.,  April   9,   1865. 

SAWYERS,  B.  B.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  28,  May  25.  1863  for 
the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  1-2.  1863.  .Absent  wounded  through 
December  1864. 

SAWYERS,  JOSEPH  R.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  enlisted  at  age 
23,  June  12.  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Jones,  \'a..  September  14.  1861  of 
phthisis  pulmonalis. 


Roster  413 

SAWYERS,  LEVI,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  38.  October  8.  1863 
for  the  war.  Captiucd  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point, 
Savannah  Ri\er.  Ga..  November  15.  1864. 

SHELTON,  .ALFRED,  Private.  Captmed  at  Frederick.  Md..  Jtdy  10.  1864  and 
confined  at  Elmira.  N.  Y..  where  he  died  September  25.  1864  of  chronic  diarrhea. 

SIMPSON,  .4LVIS,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as  a  car- 
penter and  enlisted  at  age  31.  June  6,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Richmond, 
Va.,  December  16.  1862  by  reason  of  "confinned  phthisis,  having  had  eight  at- 
tacks of  hemorrhage." 

SIMPSON,  PHILIP  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  18.  February 
25.  1862  lor  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7.  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookoiu.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's 
Landing.  \a..  February  25— March  3,  1865.  Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond, 
\'a..  after  exchanged. 

SMITH,  ANDERSON,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  February  25.  1862  for 
tlie  war.  Discharged  September  25.   1862   by  reason  of  disability. 

SMITH,  L.  A.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  25.  February 
25.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Farmville.  Va..  .-^pril  6.  1865  and  confined  at 
Newport  News,  Va..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June  25. 
1865. 

SMITH,  LE'WIS,  Private.  Resided  in  Caswell  County  as  a  stage  driver  prior  to 
enlistment  at  Raleigh  at  age  19,  -August  20,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at 
Malvern  Hill,  ^'a..  July  1.  1862.  Capttued  between  Hagerstown.  Md..  and  Evans- 
port,  \a..  July  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase.  Ohio,  until  transferred  to 
Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  and  then  to  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  October  18.  1863.  Paroled 
and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  Wharf.  James  River,  Va..  February  20-21,  1865. 
Detailed   at   Camp   Lee.   near   Richmond,   ^'a.,   after  exchanged. 

SMITH,  ROBERT  L.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  19,  February  25,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  home 
in  Caswell  Countv  May   12.   1862  of  fe\er. 

SMITH,  'WILLIAM  C,  Private.  Born  in  CaswcU  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  21.  June  6.  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Richmond. 
\'a..  July  16.   1862  bv  reason  of  general  anemia. 

SNIPES,  JAMES  C,  Private.  Enlisted  in  C:aswcll  County  at  age  38.  June  27.  1861 
for   the  war.  Absent   without   leave  alter  June   18.   1864. 

STADLER,  JOHN  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  19.  February  25,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Ashland, 
\'a.,   .April   25,    1862   of   measles, 

STADLER,  ■WILLIAM  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  18,  I'ebruary  25.  1862  for  the  war.  ^Vounded  at 
Gaines'  Mill,  Va..  June  27.  1862.  Dischaiged  at  Danville.  Va..  September  29, 
1863   by   reason  of  ankylosis  of   the   left   shoulder  joiirt   resulting   from   wound. 

STANBACK,  FORESTER,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  19,  F'ebruary  25.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  home 
in   Caswell   County  September   18,   1862   of  diphtheria. 


414  The  Bloody  Sixth 

STANFORD,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  and  resided  as  a 
coachmaker  prior  to  enlistment  at  Raleigh  July  9,  186!  for  the  war.  Discharged 
at  age  21   at  Camp  Fisher,  Va.,  February  25,   1862   by   reason   of  anasarca. 

STRAVHORN,   WILLIAM    H.,   Private.  Resided    in   Orange   County   and   enlisted 

at  Raleigh  April   1,   1864  lor  the  war.  Captured  at  Farmville.  Va.,  ,\pril  6,   1865 

and   conlined  at   Newport   News,   Va.,  initil   released   after   taking  Oath   of  .Alle- 
giance June  26.  1865. 

STUBBLEFIELD,  ROBERT,  Private.  Enlisted  in  C;aswell  County  at  age  24, 
February  25,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August 
29,  1862.  Wounded  and  captured  at  Winchester,  Va.,  September  25,  1864.  Con- 
fined in  hospitals  until  sent  from  W^est's  Building  Hospital,  Baltimore.  Md., 
to  James  River,  Va.,  for  exchange  February  1865.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at 
Richmond,  Va.,  after  exchanged. 

SWIFT,  ROBERT,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  21.  July  1,  1861 
lor  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va..  November  7,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing, 
Va..   February   25— March    3.    1865.   Paroled   at   Greensboro    May    3,    1865. 

FAYLOR,  THOMAS,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  20,  February  25,  1862  for  the  war.  Killed  at  Seven 
Pines,  Va.,  May  31,  1862." 

THOMPSON,  ANDREW  JACKSON,  Coi-pcral.  Resided  in  Caswell  County  as  a 
carpenter  and  enlisted  at  age  24.  February  25.  1862  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as 
Private  and  wounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August  29.  1862.  .Appointed 
Corporal  February  1,  1863.  \\'onnded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  1-2,  1863.  Captured 
at  \Vinchester.  Va,,  July  20.  1864  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase.  Ohio,  until 
transferred  to  City  Point,  \'a.,  where  he  was  exchanged  March  10-12.  1865. 

TUCKER,  ALBERT  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  41,  June  12, 
18()1  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill.  Va..  June  27,  1862.  Captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  inuil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point,  Savannah  River.  Ga.,  Novem- 
ber 15,  1864.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Dan\ille,  \'a..  December  8,  1864  and 
deserted  the  next  day. 

TURNER,  EPHRAIM  A.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  and 
enlisted  at  age  19,  June  6,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  in  Caswell  County  October  2. 
1861  of  measles. 

TURNER,  LEWIS  P.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  27.  June  19.  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Jones, 
Va..  .August  30,   1861  of  disease. 

VANCE,  BUREN,  Private.     Paroled  at  App;)matt;.x  Court  House,  Va..  .April  9,  1865. 

VAUGHAN,  RUFUS  Y.,  Private.  Resided  in  Caswell  County  where  he  enlisted 
at  age  30.  June  18,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  1-3,  1863. 
Wounded  on  retreat  from  Petersburg,  Va.,  .April  7,  1865.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox 
Coint  House,  Va.,  April  9,  1865  and  sent  to  hospital  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
Relea.sed   after   taking  Oath   of  .Allegiance  June    12,    1855. 

VAUGHN,  ALEXANDER  B.,  Private.  Resided  in  Caswell  County  where  he  en- 
listed at  age  25.  February  25,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Charlottesville,  Va.,  Jidy 
1,  1862  of  typhoid  fever.' 


Roster  415 

WALKER,  DAVID  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  Comity  at  age  19,  June  6, 
1861  for  the  war.  W'oinided  at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  July  1,  1863  and  detailed  in 
Quartermaster  Department,  Danville,  Va.,  August  30,  1864,  by  reason  of  wound. 

W.4LKER,  JAMES  B.,  Corporal.  Born  in  Caswell  Coinitv  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  21.  June  6,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private 
and  appointed  Corporal  September— October  1861.  Killed  at  Sharpsburg.  Md., 
September  17.  1862. 

WALKER,  JAMES  S.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  20,  February  25,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Ashland. 
Va.,  .April  30,   1862  of   measles. 

W.-VLKER,  J.  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  .\pril  5.  1864  for  the  war.  Paroled 
at  .\ppomattox  Court  House,  \a..  .April  9.   1865. 

WALKER,  JOHN  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  18,  June  6,  1861 
for  the  war.  \Vounded  and  captured  at  Strasburg,  \'a.,  September  22,  1864.  Died 
of  wound  November  17,  1864. 

WALKER,  JOHN  HURDLE,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  22, 
February  25,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  Novem- 
ber 7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookoiu.  Md.,  where  he  died  Februarv  22. 
1865    of   intermittent    fever. 

WALKER,  MARSHALL  H.,  Corporal.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  19.  June 
6,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  February 
1,  1863.  Killed  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,   1863, 

WALKER,  WILLIAM  S,,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  21,  June  6, 
1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  South  Mountain.  Md.,  September  15-16,  1862  and 
exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  \'a.,  October  6.  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station.  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing.  Februan-  25 — March  3,  1865. 
Paroled   at   Greensboro   May    13,    1865, 

WALKER,  ^^^LLIAM  T.,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  famier  and  enlisted  at  age  18,  February  25,  1862  for  the  war.  ^Vounded  and 
captured  at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  31,  1862.  Arm  amputated.  Sent  home  on 
parole  July   10.   1862.  Retired  to  Invalid  Corps  August   17.   1864. 

WEAVER,  J.  W.,  Private.  Captured  at  Fisher's  Hill,  \'a..  September  22.  1864  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md,,  October  3,   1864. 

WELLS,  JAMES  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  23,  June  6,  1861 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Fisher's  Hill,  \'a..  September  22.  1864  and  confined 
at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  3, 
1865. 

WELLS,  WILLIS  F.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  22.  June  18,  1861 
for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa,,  July  1-2,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahan- 
nock. Station.  \a..  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookoiu,  Md.,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  February  25— March  3.  1865. 
Furloughed  from  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va..  Marcli  8,   1865. 

WHITE,  A.  J.,  Private.  Resided  in  Stokes  County  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh  March 
25,  1864  for  the  war.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  March  26.  1865  with 
chronic  bronchitis.  Captured  in  hospital  April  3.  1865  and  confined  at  Newport 
News.  Ya..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June  15,   1865. 


L_ 


416  The  Bloody  Sixth 

WHITLOW,  P.  A.,  Private.  Resided  in  Caswell  County  where  he  enlisted  March  5, 
1862  for  the  war.  Deserted  December  11.  1864  and  took  Oath  of  Amnesty  at 
City  Point,  Va..  December  13.   1864  and  sent  to  Washington,  D.  C. 

WILLIAMS,  JOHN  R.,  Private.  Resided  in  Alamance  County  and  enlisted  in 
Caswell  County  at  age  19.  June  6.  1861  lor  the  war.  ^Vo^mded  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  Va..  November  7.  1863.  Paroled  at  .■Vppomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April 
9,  1865. 

WILLIAMS,  WILLIAM  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  22.  June 
6.   1861   for  the  war.  Killed  at  Winchester,  Va.,  September  20,  1864. 

WILSON,  F.  G.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Paroled 
at  Burkeville.  Va.,  April  14-17,  1865. 

WINDSOR,  JOSEPH,  Private.  Enlisted  at  age  24.  June  17.  1861  for  the  war.  Died 
June  18.  1863. 

WOODS,  A.  J.,  Private.  Resided  in  Stokes  County  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh  March 
25.  1864  tor  the  war.  Wounded  at  Cedar  Creek.  Va..  October  19,  1864.  .Admitted 
to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va..  with  the  mumps  .April  1.  1865  and  captured  in 
hospital  .April  3.  1865.  Confined  at  Newport  News,  Va.,  until  released  after  tak- 
ing Oath  of  Allegiance  June  30.  1865. 

WOODS,  F.  F.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  25.  1864  for  the  war.  .Absent 
sick  from  July  1   through  December  1864. 

WOODS,  HENRY  A.,  Private.     Enlisted  May  25.  1861   for  the  war. 

WREN,  JOHN  T.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  24.  June  10.  1861 
for  the  war.  Killed  at  Sharpsburg.  Md..  September  17.   1862. 

WREN,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Caswell  County  at  age  19.  February  25, 
1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va..  November  7.  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's 
Landing,  Va.,  February  2.5— March   3,   1865. 

ZIMMERMAN,  GEORGE  J.,  Private,  liorn  in  Davidson  County  and  enlisted  in 
Caswell  County  at  age  30.  June  18.  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Jones,  Va., 
September   17,   1861   of   typhoid   fever. 

COMPANY  I 

OFFICERS 
CAPTAIN 

YORK,  RICHARD  W.ATT.  Resided  in  Chatham  County  and  appointed  Captain 
by  Governor  Ellis  to  rank  from  May  16.  1861.  Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill,  Va.,  Jtnie 
27,  1862.  Promoted  to  Major  July  3.  1863  and  transferred  to  Field  and  Staff. 

LIEUTENANTS 

ALLEN,  WYATT  B.,  1st  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  Wake  County  and  appointed  Sr  2nd 
Lieutenant  to  rank  from  May  16.  1861.  Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  September 
16,  1862.  ^Vounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  1-2.  1863  and  captured  at  Rappahan- 
nock Station,  Va.,  November  7.  1863.  Transferred  around  to  numerous  prisons 
until  confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del..  March  12.  1865,  where  he  was  released 
after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  12.  1865.  Commanded  company  after  July 
3.  1863. 


Roster  4 1 7 

BARBEE,  IMORDECAI  B.,  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  Wake  County  and  ap- 
pointed Jr  2ml  Lieutenant  lo  rank  from  May  IG,  1801.  "Resigned  under  charges 
lor  bad  conduct"  at  Seven  Pines.  Va.,  and  Gaines  Mill.  \a..  October  4.  1862. 
Resignation  accepted  October  23,  1862. 

GI'NTER,  DEMETRIUS  C,  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  ^Vake  County  where 
he  enlisted  at  age  18.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  -Appointed  Sergeant  the  same 
tiav.  \\'ounded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md..  September  17.  1862.  .-Appointed  Sr  2nd  Lieu- 
tenant December  2.  1862  to  rank  from  September  16,  1862.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox 
Court  House.  Va.,  April  9.  1865. 

JENKINS,  THOMAS  M.,  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  Chatham  County  and  en- 
listed in  \\'ake  County  at  age  23.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  .Appointed  Corporal 
.August  20,  1861.  \Voimded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md..  September  17.  1862  and  at  Chanccl- 
lorsville,  \'a.,  May  4.  1863.  Promoted  to  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant  February  4.  1863. 
Wounded  at  Chancellorsville,  Va.,  May  4,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station.  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Johnson's  Island,  Ohio,  until 
released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June  13.  1865. 

PAGE,  MALCUS  W.,  1st  Lieutenant.  Resided  in  Wake  County  and  appointed  1st 
Lieutenant  to  rank  from  May  16,  1861.  Appointed  Captain,  .Assistant  Quarter- 
master. October  7.  1862  to  rank  from  September  16.  1862.  Transferred  to  Field 
and  Staff. 

NON-COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS  AND  PRIVATES 

ABEE,  EPHR.'VIM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  5.  1864  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Plvmouth  .April  21,  1864.  .Absent  wounded  through  December  1864. 

ALEX.ANDER,  J.  L.,  Private.  Resided  in  Mecklenburg  County  and  enlisted  in 
Aadkin  Countv  at  age  23.  September  15,  1862  for  the  war.  Transferred  to  Com- 
pany K,  30th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  .Api-il  10.  1863.  Captured  at  Kelly's  Ford, 
V'a.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  initil  paroled  and 
exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing.  Va..  February  24,  1865.  Furloughed  from  hospital 
at  Richmond,  Va..  for  30  days  March   1,   1865. 

ALLEN,  NATHANIEL  M.,  Private.     Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  20.  May 

28.  1861  for  the  war.  .Appointed  Commissary  Sergeant  Jidy  1.  1861  and  trans- 
ferred to  Field  and  Staff.  Reduced  to  ranks  and  re-assigned  to  Companv  I 
February  25.  1862.  Captuied  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \a..  November  7.  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookoiu.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes 
Landing.  James  River.  Va.,  February  14.  1865.  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee.  near  Rich- 
mond, \'a..  after  exchanged. 

ANDREWS,  B.  W.,  Corporal.     Enlisted   in  .Alamance  County   at  age  25.  June   14, 

1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private.  Captured  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  Sep- 
tember 17.  1862  and  paroled  at  Winchester.  \'a..  October  4,  1862.  .Appointed 
Corporal  No\ember  1.  1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House.  \a.,  .April 
9.  1865. 

ANDREWS,  J.  L.,  Sergeant.  Resided  in  Chatham  County  and  enlisted  in  .Ala- 
mance Coimty  at  age  27.  June  14.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and 
appointed  Corporal  December  I.  1862.  \\'ounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  1, 
1863  and  captured  in  hospital  at  Gettysbing  July  5.  1863.  Confined  at  West's 
Building  Hospital.  Baltimore.  Md..  luitil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point. 
Va..  November  17.  1863.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  December  1,  1864.  Paroled  at 
Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  .April  9,  1865. 


418  The  Bloody  Sixth 

AUSLEY,  JOSEPH   D.,  Corporal.     Enlisted   in   Wake   County   at   age   24,   May   28, 

1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  wounded  at  Battle  of  First 
Manassas  July  21,  1801.  .Appointed  Corporal  March  15.  1862.  Killed  at  Seven 
Pines,  Va.,  May  31.   1862. 

BANCOM,  S.  D.  H.,  Private.     Died  at  Petersburg,  Va..  June  9,   1864  of  disease. 

BARBEE,  HENRY  B.,  Private.  Enlisted  as  a  substitute  in  Chatham  County  at 
age  22.  March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond.  \'a..  April  18,  1862  of 
disease. 

BARBEE,  MADISON,  Private.  Resided  in  Wake  County  where  he  enlisted  July 
21.  1863  for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Petersburg.  Va..  March  25.  1865  and  admitted 
to  hospital  at  Richmond.  Va..  where  he  was  captured  .April  3.  1865.  Sent  to 
hospital  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  and  released  at  age  19  after  taking  Oath  of 
Allegiance  June  26,   1865. 

BARBEE,  MATHEW,  Private.  Enlisted  in  \Vake  County  at  age  26.  May  28.  1861 
for   the   war.   Deserted   December  5-15.    1861. 

BARBEE,  RUFUS,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  Wake  Coiuity  at  age  19.  May  28.  1861 
lor  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private.  Wounded  at  Seven  Pines.  Va.,  May  31. 
1861.  Captured  at  South  Mountain,  Md..  September  15.  1862  and  confined  at 
Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing.  Va., 
November  10,  1862.  Appointed  Corporal  December  1,  1862  and  promoted  to 
Sergeant  January  1,  1863.  Captured  at  Strasburg,  Va..  September  22-23.  1864 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's 
Wharf.  James  River,  Va..  March  17,  1865.  Captured  in  hospital  at  Richmond, 
Va..  .April  3,  1865  and  transferred  to  Point  Lookout   May  9,   1865. 

BARBEE,  S.  F.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Chatham  County  at  age  40.  .August  24,  1863 
for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December   1864. 

BARBEE,  THOMAS  C,  Corporal.     Enlisted  in   Wake  Coimty   at   age  24,   May  28, 

1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private.  Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill,  Va.,  June 
27,  1862.  .Appointed  Corporal  .August  I,  1863.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court 
House,  Va.,  April  9,  1865. 

BARNES,  GEORGE  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  'Wake  County  Februat7  24.  1862  for 
the   war.   Captiued  at   Rappahannock   Station,   Va.,   November  7,    1863. 

BEAVER,  R.  H.,  Private.  Captured  at  Halltown,  Va.,  .August  22.  1864  and  con- 
fined at  Camp  Chase.  Ohio,  until  transferred  to  Point  Lookout.  Md..  March  18, 
1865.  Exchanged  at   Boidware's  Wharf.  James  River,  Va..   March   27.   1865. 

BEAVERS,  CH.ARLES  E.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  July  18,  1862  for  the 
war  and  assigned  to  Company  F,  Malletts  Battalion  Camp  Guard.  Captured 
and  paroled  near  Kinston  December  14,  1862.  Transferred  to  Company  1.  6th 
Regiment  N.  C.  State  1  roops  in  1864.  Captured  at  \Vinchester,  \'a.,  .September 
19,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath 
of  Allegiance  June  3,  1865. 

BEAVERS,  G.  T.,  Private.  Born  in  Chatham  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer  prior 
to  enlistment  in  ^Vake  County  at  age  22.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Proinoted 
to  Corporal  January  1,  1863.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  3,  1863  and 
reduced  to  ranks  by  reason  of  prolonged  absence.  Discharged  February  10. 
1865  by  reason  of  wound   received  at  Gettysburg.  Retired  to  Invalid   Corps. 

BEAVERS,  J.  S.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  26,  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher.  \'a..  January  3,   1862  of  typhoid  fever. 


ROSTF.R  419 

BLALOCK,  F.  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Yadkin  Counly  at  age  18.  September  15. 
1861i  lor  the  war.   Died  at  Winchester.  Va..  November   16.   1862  of  disease. 

BOOTHE,  JOHN  A.,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted  in  Wake 
Comity  at  age  18.  December  1.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  Va..  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  luuil  re- 
leased  after   joining  the   U.  S.  service  January  26,   1864. 

BOOTHE,  WILLIAM  T.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Chatham  Coiuity  at  age  46.  January 
28.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmiind.  Va.,  May  7,   1863  of  vulnus  contusion. 

BOSTICK,  J.  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  .April  1,  1S64  for  the  war.  Paroled 
at   Appomattox   Court    House.   \'a.,   .April   9.    1865. 

BRITT,  HENRY,  Private.  Died  Jime  7.  1864  of  gtmshot  woimd  received  at  Cold 
Harbor.  \'a. 

BRO^V'^■,  E.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  .\pril  1.  1864  for  the  war.  .Absent  sick 
from  .April  18  througli  December  1864. 

BURGES.S,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  17.  May  28.  1861 
for  the  war.  Woiuidcd  at  Sharpsburg.  Md..  September  17.  1862.  Captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  \'a.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  initil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  February  25— March 
3,   1865. 

C.4NN.ADY,  M.,  Private.     Enlisted  in   Orange  County  at  age  24,  February  2.   1862 
for  the  war.  Died  at  .Ashland.  \'a..  .April   18.   1862  of  disease. 

CAPPS,  NESTUS,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Died 
at  Richmond.  \'a.,  January  12.  1865  of  pneumonia  and  buried  in  Hollywood 
Cemetery.  Richmond. 

CARLTON,  ANDERSON  MONROE,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  at  age  43, 
.August  18.  1863  for  the  war  and  assigned  to  Company  F.  Mallett's  Battalion 
Camp  Guard.  Transferred  to  Company  I,  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops 
in  1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  Va..  .April  9,  1865. 

CASTLEBURY,  JUDSON  C,  Corporal.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  AVake  County 
at  age  22.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private.  Promoted  to  Cor- 
poral January'  1,   1863.   Killed  at  Gettysburg,   Pa..  July  2.   1863. 

CASTLEBURY,  MADISON  TROLINGER,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County 
at  age  20.  July  3.  1S()I  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  Julv 
2.  18()3.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  .Admitted  to  hospital 
at  Richmond.  \'a..  woimded,  .April  4,  1865  and  captured  in  hospital.  Escaped 
May  3,  1865. 

GATES,  W.  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  in  1864  for  the  war.  Deserted  between 
Richmond,  Va.,  and   Petersburg.  \'a.,   December  9,   1864. 

CHAPELL,  ED^V.ARD,  Private.  Born  in  ^Vake  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  26,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Battle  of 
Secoird  Manassas,  .August  29,  1862  and  again  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  released  after  joining  the  U.  S.  senice  February  17, 
1864.  Mustered  into  Company  G,  1st  Regiment  U.  S.  \'olunteers  at  Norfolk, 
\'a..  May  1,  1864  for  three  years.  -Appointed  Corporal  November  1.  1865.  Mustered 
out  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  May  21,  1866. 


420  The  Bloody  Sixth 

CHAPELL,  ROBERT,   Private.     Enlisted   as   a  substitute  in   Wake   County  at   age 

18,  March  8,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond,  Va.,  June  22,  1862  o£  chronic 
bronchitis  and   buried   in   Hollywood   Cemetery,  Richmond. 

CHAPELL,  SAMUEL  AV.,  Private.  Born  in  Wake  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
mechanic  and  enlisted  at  age  21,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at 
Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17,  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va., 
November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  released  after 
joining  the  U.  S.  service  February  5,  1864.  Mustered  into  Company  G,  Isl 
Regiment  U.  S.  Volunteers  at  Norfolk,  Va.,  May  1.  1864  for  three  years.  Mus- 
tered out  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  May  21,  1866. 

CHEEK,  G.  P.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  October  20.  1863  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point   Lookout.   Md. 

CHEEK,  JULIUS  M.,  Corporal.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age 
23.  September  2.  1861  for  the  war.  Orginally  enlisted  in  Company  G.  28th  Reg- 
iment N.  C.  Troops.  Captured  at  Hanover  Court  House.  \'a..  May  27.  1862  and 
confined  at  Fort  Columbus.  N.  Y.  Harbor,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Aiken's  Landing,  Va..  .August  5.  1862.  Captured  at  Fredericksburg.  \'a..  Decem- 
ber 13,  1862  and  paroled  to  be  exchanged  December  17,  1862.  Transferred  to 
Company  I,  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  March  18.  1863.  Wounded  at  Rap- 
pahannock Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863.  .■\ppointed  Corporal  December  1, 
1863.  Killed  at  Cold  Harbor,  Va.,  June  7,   1864. 

CHILDERS,  J.,  Private.     Died  at  Liberty.  Va..  July  24,   1864  of  disease. 

CLEMENTS,  J.  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  17.  January  20. 
1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Ashland,  Va..  April  24,  1862  of  fever. 

CLEMENTS,  W.  G.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  V\'ake  County  at  age  20.  May  28.  1861 
for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  January  28,  1862. 
Wounded  at  Seven  Pines.  Va..  May  31.  1862  and  at  South  Mountain.  Md.,  Sep- 
tember 15,  1862.  Reduced  to  ranks  November-December  1862  by  reason  of 
wound.   Retired   to  Invalid   Corps   December  2,   1864. 

CLEMENTS,  W.  Y.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  25,  January  20, 
1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Raleigh  April  5,  1863  of  chronic  diarrhea  and  fever. 

CLOUTZ,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  22,  September  22, 
1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Cedar  Creek,  Va..  October  19,  1864  and  died  of 
woiuid  at  ^Voodstock.  Va..  October  21,   1864. 

CRAFT,  THOMAS  C,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Yadkin  County  at  age  28,  September 
15,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  in  Forsyth  County  June  30,   1863  of  fever. 

DAVIDSON,  GEORGE  W.,  Corporal.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  30, 
July  3,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private,  .\ccidentally  wounded  June 
15,  1862.  Detailed  for  hospital  duty  at  Richmond,  \"a..  January  13,  1863  through 
August  1863.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864  as  a  Private. 
Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House.  \'a..  .\pril  9.  1865  with  the  rank  of  Cor- 
poral. 

DAVIS,  THOMAS  L.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
in  Chatham  County  prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  18,  June 
10,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  August  29,  1862. 
Transferred  to  Company  E,  5th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  May  29,  1863. 
Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  3.   1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del. 


Roster  421 

Released  after  joining  U.  S.  service  September  18.  1863.  Mustered  into  Com- 
pany F.  3rd  Regiment  Maryland  Cavalry  at  Baltimore.  Md..  September  23.  1863 
for  three  years.  Deserted  at  Camp  Lotkuood.  near  Baltimore.  JanuaiT  14-15, 
1864. 

D.4VIS,  ^VILLIAM,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  28. 
September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  in  hospital  in  \'irginia  November  1862  of 
disease. 

DILLI.\RD,  W.  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Wake  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  31.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war. 
'Wotnided  at  Seven  Pines,  \'a..  May  31,  1862.  Discharged  at  Liberty,  ^'a..  .-\ugusl 
31.  1863  by  reason  of  permanent  disability  caused  by  wound. 

EDMONDS,  J.  H.,  Private.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond.  \'a..  May  28.  1864 
and  returned  to  duty  September  28.   1864. 

ED^V.\RDS,  J.,  Private.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a..  November  7, 
18t>3  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Aiken's  Landing,  \'a..  February  25— March   3,   1865. 

EUBANKS,  C,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Chatham  County  at  age  26.  February  26.  1862 
for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Chancellors\ille.  \'a..  May  3.  1863.  Captured  at  Rap- 
pahannock Station,  Va.,  Noxember  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Mel., 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Wharf.  James  River.  \'a..  February  14-15, 
1865.  Stationed  at   Camp   Lee.  near   Richmond,   \'a..  after  exchanged. 

FORD,  L.  D.  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  \\'ake  County  at  age  18.  March  8.  1862  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a..  November  7.  1863.  but 
escaped  before  being  confined  at  Point  Lookotu.  Md.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox 
Court    House,   ^'a..   .April   9.    1865. 

FORREST,  THOMAS  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Isle  of  Wight  County.  \'a..  and  resided 
as  a  famrer  prior  to  enlistment  in  \\akc  County  at  age  27.  May  28.  1861  for  the 
war.  Deserted  near  York.  Pa..  Jiuie  30.  1863  and  captured  and  confined  at  Fort 
Delaware.  Del.,  where  he  joined  the  U.  S.  service  July  15.  1863.  Mustered  into 
Captain  George  W.  .Ahl's  Independent  Battery.  Delaware  Heavy  .Artillery,  at 
Fort  Delaware.  July  27,  1863  for  three  years.  Mustered  out  at  ^Vilmington, 
Del..  July  25.   1865.' 

FRENCH,  W.  JOSEPH,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  \Vake  County  at  age  22,  May  28, 
1861  for  the  war.  .Appointed  Sergeant  the  same  day.  Wounded  at  Seven  Pines, 
Va.,  May  31,  1862  and  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  1,  1863.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at 
Richmond.  \'a..  wounded,  March  27,  1865  and  captured  in  hospital  .April  3, 
1865.   Paroled  April   22-23.   1865. 

FULP,  J.  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  .August  29.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured 
in  hospital  at  Richmond.  \'a..  April  3.  1865  and  released  May  5.   1865. 

GR.ACE,  R.  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  27.  May  28.  1861  for  the 
war.  Died  at  Charlottesville.  \'a..  July  10.   1862  of  typhoid  fever. 

GRACIE,  JOHN  G.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  23,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  .Appointed  Corporal  the  same  day.  Promoted  to  Sergeairt  .April  I, 
1862.  Died  at  Raleigh   December  20.   1862  of  typhoid   fe\er. 

GREEN,  P.  G.,  Private.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a..  November  7, 
1863  and  confined  at  Point  L<X)kout,  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of 
-Allegiance  June  3,   1865. 


422  The  Bloody  Sixth 

GRISSOM,  G.  K.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  October  26,  18fil  for  the  war. 
Died  at  Farmville.  Va..  .April  4,   1865  of  acute  diarrhea. 

HALLMAN,  C.  H.,  Private.  Captured  in  hospital  at  Richmond.  Va.,  April  3, 
1865. 

HARWARD,  G.  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  31.  1864  for  the  war. 
Present  through  December   1864. 

HERNDON,  A.  M.,  Coi-poral.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  24,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  .Appointed  Corporal  the  same  day.  Died  at  Louisa  Court  House, 
Va.,  August  16,  1861   of  fever. 

HERNDON,  A.  S.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Chatham  County  at  age  24.  March  1,  1682 
for  the  war.   Died  at   Liberty,   Va.,  September   17,    1862   of  dyspepsia. 

HERNDON,  ELBERT,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Chatham  County  at  age  19,  March 
18,  1863  for  the  war.  Woiuided  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  2,  1863  and  captured 
in  hospital  at  Gettysburg  July  5,  1863.  Confined  at  DeCamp  General  Hospital, 
David's  Island,  N.  Y.  Harbor,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va., 
September  8,  1863.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled 
at  .Appomattox  Court   House,  Va.,  .April  9,   1865, 

HERNDON,   MANASSAS,   Private.     Enlisted   in   Wake   County   at  age  20.   May  28, 

1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Rappahannock   Station.  Va.,  November  7,   1863. 
Died  at  Richmond,  Va..  November  29.   1863  of  pneumonia  and  gunshot  wound. 

HINTON,  SIDNEY  A.,  Private.  Born  in  Chatham  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
in  ^\'ake  County  where  he  enlisted  at  age  28,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Dis- 
charged September  20,  1861  by  reason  of  disability.  Re-enlisted  in  Wake  Coun- 
ty March  24,  1862  into  Company  H.  47th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops.  Elected  Sr 
2nd  Lieutenant  .April  29,  1862  and  mustered  in  at  Camp  Mangum,  near  Ra- 
leigh, for  three  years  or  the  war  on  the  same  day.  Proinoted  to  1st  Lieutenant 
June  12,  1862  and  resigned  .August  11,  1862  by  reason  of  disability. 

HOLCOMB,  M.  J.,  Private.     Enlisted  in  Yadkin   County  at   age  20,  September   15, 

1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Winchester,  Va.,  October  26,   1862  of  disease. 

HOLDER,  LEMUEL,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  22,  May  28.  1861 
for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17,  1862.  Captured  at 
Waynesboro,  Pa.,  July  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  where  he 
died  March  2,   1864. 

HOLEMAN,  C.  S.,  Private.  Resided  in  Chatham  Comity  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh 
March  10,  1864  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Cold  Harbor,  Va.,  June  7.  1864,  Cap- 
tured in  hospital  at  Richmond.  Va.,  .April  3.  1865  and  confined  at  Newport 
News,  \'a.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath   of  Allegiance  June  30.   1865. 

HOLEM.AN,  S.  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Chatham  County  at  age  17,  February  25, 
1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Ashland.  Va.,  .April    16.   1862  of  disease. 

HOLLAND,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Chatham  County  at  age  17,  .March  4, 
1862  for  the  war.  Died  at   Richmond,  Va.,   May   15,   1862  of  continuous  fever. 

HOLLAND,  WILLL4M,  Private.  Born  in  \V'ake  County  and  resided  in  Randolph 
C:oiuitv.  Wounded  and  captured  at  Petersburg,  Va..  June  I.  1864  and  con- 
fined in  hospital  at  Washington.  D.  C  where  lie  died  at  age  45.  .August  4,  1864 
of  wuund. 


Roster  423 

HORTON,  M.  T.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  20,  May  28.  1861  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2-3,  1863  and  confined  at  Point 
Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Landing,  James  River, 
\'a.,  FebruaiT  14-15.  1865.  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee.  near  Richmond.  Va..  after 
exchanged. 

HOWARD,  E.  W.,  Private.  Paroled  at  .\ppomatto.x  Court  House,  \a..  .\pril  9, 
1865. 

HUDSON,  J.  T.,  Private.     Enlisted  in  Wake  County  May  28.   1861   for  the  war. 

HUDSON,  Q.  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  21.  May  28.  1861  for 
the  war.  .Appointed  Corporal  the  same  day.  Reduced  to  ranks  January  28,  1862 
by  reason  of  protracted  illness.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 
Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court   House.  \'a..  .-\pril  9.   1865. 

HUDSON,  THOMAS  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Wake  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  26.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher, 
Va.,   December   16,    1861    of   typhoid   fevei. 

JENKINS,  A.  S.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Chatliam  County  at  age  27.  February  26, 
1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill.  \a..  July  1.  1862  and  died  of 
wound   at   Richmond.   \a..   .■\ugust   4.    1862. 

JENKINS,  CALVIN,  Private.  Enlisted  as  a  substitute  in  Clhatham  Couiuy  at  age 
20.  March  1.  1862  for  the  war.  I'resent  or  accounted  for  through  December 
1864.   Paroled  at  .-Vppomattox  Court   House.  Va..  .•\pril   9.    1865. 

JENKINS,  JOHN  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Cliatham  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  ^Vake  County  at  age  20,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Dis- 
charged at  Petersbuig.  Va.,  June  5,   1862   by  reason  of  rheumatism. 

JENKINS,  W.  A.,  Private.  Resided  as  a  farmer  in  Chatham  County  prior  to  en- 
listment in  'Wake  County  at  age  27.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as 
Private  and  appointed  Corporal  March  19,  1862.  Captured  at  South  Mountain, 
Md..  September  1418.  1862  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until  paroled 
and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing.  \'a..  November  10.  1862.  Promoted  to 
Sergeant  December  1.  1862.  Reduced  to  ranks  November— December  1863  by 
reason  of  protracted  illness.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House.  Va.,  April 
9,  1865. 

JINKINS,  CHARLES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  Jinie  1.  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled   at   Appomattox   Court    House.   \'a..   .April   9.    1865. 

JINKINS,  E.  W.,  Private.  Resided  in  Chatham  County  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh 
October  28.  1864  for  the  war.  Wounded  and  admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond, 
Va..  where  he  was  captured  April  3.  18t)5.  Transferred  to  Newport  News,  Va., 
.April  23.   1865  and  released  after  taking  Oath   of  Allegiance  Jime  30,    1865. 

JINKINS,  M.ASTIN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  October  10.  1864  for  the  war. 
.Absent  sick  from  October  28  through  December   1864. 

JOHNSON,  ADDISON,  Private.  Resided  as  a  carpenter  in  \Vake  County  where 
he  enlisted  at  age  27.  May  21.  1861  tor  one  year.  Originally  enlisted  in  Company 
K.  14th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  (4th  Regiment  N.  C.  Volunteers).  Discharged 
at  Raleigh  .August  23,  1861  by  reason  of  sickness.  Re-enlisted  in  Company  I, 
6t]i  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  in  Wake  County  at  age  30.  March  4.  1862 
for  the  war.  Captmed  at  Williamsburg.  \'a..  May  5.  1862  and  confined  at  Fort 
Monroe.  Va..  until  paroled  and  exclianged  at  .Aiken's  Landing.  Va..  .August  5, 
1862.  Captured  at  Fredericksburg.  \'a..  December  13,  1862  and  paroled  December 
17,   1862  to  be  exchanged.   Present  or  accounted   for  through   December   18'i4. 


424  The  Bloody  Sixth 

JOHNSON,  ANDERSON,  Private.  Born  in  Chatham  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  32.  July  15.  1862  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted 
in  Company  E.  5th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  but  transferred  to  Company  I, 
6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  May  29,  1863.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa., 
July  2,  1863.  Furloughed  from  hospital  at  Richmond.  Va.,  for  -10  days  July  27, 
1863. 

JONES,  CADWALLADER  A.,  Private.  Conscripted  March  27,  1864  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Mechanicsville,  \a..  May  30,  1864  and  confined  at  Elmira,  N.  Y., 
where  he  died  April  27.  1865  of  chronic  diarrhea. 

JONES,  THOMAS  B.,  Private.  Born  in  AVake  County  where  he  enlisted  at  age 
19.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Jones,  Va..  .August  20.  1861  of 
t)'phoid  fever. 

JONES,  WILLIAM  H.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  25,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  ^var.  .Appointed  Corporal  the  same  day.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  January 
28,  1862.  Appointed  Drill  Master,  with  the  rank  of  2nd  Lieutenant,  December 
6.  1862  to  rank  from  November  25,  1862.  Ordered  to  report  to  Colonel  Peter 
Mallett,   Raleigh.  Took   Oath   of  Allegiance  at   Raleigh   .April    17.    1865. 

KELLY,  JOHN,  Private.  Born  in  \Vake  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer  and 
enlisted  at  age  23.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  South  Mountain,  Md., 
September  14,  1862  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  paroled  and  ex- 
changed at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va..  November  10,  1862.  Died  at  Raleigh  July  5, 
1863  of  fever. 

KELLY,  W.  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  \Vake  County  at  age  25.  May  28.  1861  for  the 
war.  Died  at  Richmond.  \'a..  May   1— October  31,  1862, 

LASHLIE,  JOHN  M.,  Private.  Resided  in  Johnson  County  and  enlisted  at  Ra- 
leigh at  age  30,  December  17.  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Hazel  River,  Va., 
.August  8,  1863.  Took  Oath  of  .■Mlegiance  September  23.  1863  and  sent  to 
Philadelphia,   Pa. 

LASSITER,  JOSEPH  B.,  Private.  Born  in  Chatham  Comity  where  he  resided 
pricn-  to  enlistment  in  Wake  County  at  age  31.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Died 
at  home  in   Chatham   County   September   14,   1861   of  fever. 

LAWRENCE,  M.  B.,  Private.  Born  in  C:hatliam  County  and  enlisted  in  Wake 
Cotmty  at  age  21,  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Jones,  Va.,  Septem- 
ber 30,  1861  of  fever. 

LAWRENCE,  WILLI,4M,  Private.  Born  in  Wake  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  35.  Jidy  3,  1861  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill.  Va..  June  27,  1862  and  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1-2, 
1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7,  1863  and  confined 
at  Point  Lookoiu.  Md.,  where  he  joined  the  U.  S.  service  February  5,  1864. 
Mustered  into  Company  E,  1st  Regiment  U.  S.  Volunteers  at  Norfolk,  Va.,  May 
1,  1864  for  three  years.  Mustered  out  at  Sioux  City.  Iowa,  November  23,   1865. 

LEWIS,  ALLEN  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  22,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Woinided  at  Seven  Pines,  \'a..  May  31,  1862.  Captured  at  Rap- 
pahannock Station,  \'a..  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md., 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  \'a..  February  25— March  3, 
1865.   .Admitted    to   hospital    at    Riclimond,   Va.,   after   exchanged. 

LOSSING,  J.  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  June  3.  1863  for  the  war. 
Captured   at   Winchester,   Va.,   September   19,   1864. 


Roster  425 

LOWE,  NATHAN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  43,  May  28.  1861 
loi    the   war.    Died   in   North   Carolina   May    10,    1862. 

LOWE,  WILLIAM  J.,  Pri>ate.  Horn  in  Wake  Cotnity  where  he  resided  as  a 
Tanner  and  enlisted  at  age  25.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted 
in  Company  I,  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  but  transferred  to  Company 
G.  7th  Regiment  X.  C.  State  Troops  June  1.  1861.  .\ppointed  Sergeant  and 
mustercil  in  at  Camp  Mason.  .Alamance  Comity.  .August  21.  1861.  Discharged 
prior  to  October   11,   1861. 

LO^VE,  WILLI.\M  M.ARION,  Private.  Born  in  Wake  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  doctor  and  enlisted  at  age  21.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted 
in  Company  I.  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  but  transferred  to  Company 
G,  ;th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  June  1.  1861.  .Appointed  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant 
to  rank  from  May  16,  1861  and  mustered  in  at  Camp  Mason,  .Alamance  County, 
.August  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Resigned  .August  7,  1862.  Conscripted  and  assigned 
to  Wayside  Hospital  No.  2,  Greensboro,  October  6.  1864  as  a  nurse.  Paroled 
at  Greensboro  .May   1865. 

LOVD,  GREEN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  39.  February  24,  1862 
lor  tlie  war.  Died  at   Richmond.  \'a..  .August  31,   1862. 

LUTER,  SANDY,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  17,  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  3.  1863  and  confined  at  Point 
Lookout,  Md..  where  he  died   March  3-4.   1864  of  chronic  diarrhea. 

LL'TER,  W.  H.,  Private.  H:irn  in  Chatham  Comity  and  enlisted  in  'Wake  County 
at  age  21.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond,  ^'a..  .September  14, 
1861  of  fever. 

LYON,  W.  H.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  18.  May  28.  1861  for  the 
war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Sergeant  January  1,  1863.  Captured 
at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  Wharf,  James  Ri\er,  Va., 
February  20-21,  1865.  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee,  near  Richmond,  Va.,  after  ex- 
changed. 

M.4LCOMB,  A.  C,  Private.  Enlisted  in  \Vake  County  September  15,  1862  for  the 
war.  Died  at  \Vinchester.  \a..  October  26,   1862. 

M.ARTIN,  JOHN,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  31, 
September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in  Company  I,  6th  Regiment 
N.  C.  State  Troops  and  transferred  to  Company  B.  54th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops 
December   20.    1862.   Deserted   at   Fredericksburg,   \'a..   May   20,    1863. 

MASON,  WILLL4M  A.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted  in  Wake 
County  at  age  28,  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Raleigh  .August  29,  1861  of 
dyspepsia, 

MAY,  GREEN,  Private.     Enlisted  in   Wake  Comity   March  4.   1864  for  the   war. 

MAY,  PRIOR,  Private.  Enlistetl  at  Raleigh  March  5.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured 
near  Petersbmg,  Va.,  February  6.  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md., 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  Wharf.  James  River,  Va.,  February 
20-21,   1865.  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee,  near  Richmond.  \'a..  after  exchanged. 

MEDLIN,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  \Vake  County  at  age  20.  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  Strasburg,  Va.,  September  23,   1864  and  confined  at   Point 


I2(')  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  \Vhaif,  James  River, 
Va.,  March  19.  1865.  Furloughed  from  hospital  at  Richmond.  Va..  for  thirty 
days  March  24.  ISHS. 

MEDLIN,  S.\MUEL,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  51.  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Discharged  .August  29.  1861  by  reason  of  old  age  and  general  dis- 
ability. 

MEDLING,  GRAY,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  25.  March  1.  1862 
for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond.  Va.,  .April  7.   1862  of  pneumonia. 

MILLS,  H.  M.,  Private.     Resided  and  enlisted  in  ^Vake  Countv  at  age  17.  February 

2.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  .Ashland.  \'a..  .April  20.   1862. 

MONTGOMERY,  ELI,  Private.  Born  in  Chatham  County  and  resided  as  a  me- 
chanic prior  to  enlistment  in  Wake  County  at  age  30.  May  28.  1861  for  the 
war.  Discharged  at  Petersburg.  \'a..  June  5.  1862  by  reason  of  depressed  frac- 
ture of  the  cranium  and  cardiac  disease. 

MORING,  F.  O.  K.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  December  18.  1863  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Strasburg.  \'a..  .September  23.  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout. 
Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  Wharf.  James  River.  Va..  March 
19,  1865. 

MORRING,  J.AMES  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  July  3,  1861  for 
the  war.  \Vounded  at  Battle  of  Fii-st  Manassas  July  21.  1861  and  discharged 
October  25.   1861    by  reason  of  wound. 

MORRING,  W.  L.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  20,  May  28.  1861 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Land- 
ing, Va.,  February  25— March  3,  1865.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va., 
after  exchanged. 

MORRIS,  A.  F.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  19.  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  Wounded  and  captured  at  \Vinchester.  Va..  September  19,  1864  and 
confined  at  West's  Building  Hospital.  Baltimore.  Md..  until  transferred  to 
Point  Lookout,  Md.,  October  26,  1864.  Paroled  and  exchanged  at  \'enus  Point, 
Savannah  Ri\er.  Ga..  November  15.  1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House, 
Va.,  April  9,  1865. 

MORRIS,  JOSEPH  T.,  Private.  Born  in  Wake  County  where  he  enlisted  at  age 
23.  Mav  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July  21, 
1861.  Died  of  wound  at   Manassas  Junction.  \'a..  .August  24.   1861. 

MORTON,  H.  A.,  Private.  Resided  in  Rowan  County  and  conscripted  March  3. 
1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Mechanicsville.  Va.,  May  30,  1864  and  confined 
at  Elmira.  N.  ¥..  until  released  after  taking  Oath   of  .Allegiance   .May   19.   1865. 

MULLHOLL.AND,   SIDNEY,   Private.     Enlisted   in   \Vake   County   at   age   22,    May 

28,  1861  tor  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7. 
1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Boulware's  AVharf.  James  Ri\er.  Va..  March  16,  1865.  -Admitted  to  hospital 
at  Richmond.  A'a..  after  exchanged. 

MYRES,  W.  A.,  Privat".  Enlisted  at  Kinston  February  10.  1864  for  the  war.  Deserted 
at  Winchester.  \a.,  about  September  1,  1864. 


Roster  427 

NORRIS,  JOSEPH.  Private.     Resided  and  enlisted  in  Wake  Connty  at  age  28,  May 

28,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Sex  en  Pines,  Va.,  May  31,  18(52,  Detailed  in 
Medical  Department  and  left  in  hospital  at  Gettysburg,  Pa,,  as  a  nurse.  Cap- 
tured in  hospital  July  a,  18()3,  Paroled  at  City  Point.  Va.,  March  6.  1864,  Cap- 
tured at  Iann\ille,  Va.,  .-Vpril  6.  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va.,  vuitil 
released  after  taking  Oath  of  .\llegiance  June  26.   1865, 

PAGE,  BENJAMIN,  Private.  Ckmscripted  in  Burke  County  at  age  28.  September 
22.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  \'a.,  November  7, 
1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
.'Aiken's  Landing.  Va,,  February  25 — March  3.  1865.  .\dmitted  to  hospital  at 
Richmond,  \'a..  after  exchanged, 

PAGE,  GEORGE,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  26.  September  22, 
1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va..  November  7.  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  initil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's 
\\harf,  James  River.  \a.,  March   16,  1865, 

PAGE,  JACKSON,  Private.  Conscripted  in  Burke  County  at  age  24,  September  22, 
1862  for  the  war,  \Voimded  at  Winchester,  \'a.,  September  19,  1864  and  died  of 
woinid  November  10,  1864. 

PAGE,  O.  H.,  Corporal.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  33.  May  28.  1861  for 
the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  January  28.  1862,  Dis- 
charged  March   14-19,   1862  after  furnishing  a  substitute. 

PAGE,  WESLEY,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  where  he  enlisted  at  age  22, 
September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Chancellorsville.  \'a.,  May  3.  1863 
and  detailed  as  hospital  guard  tnitil  December  1864.  Captured  near  Peters- 
btng.  \'a..  March  25.  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  released 
after  taking  Oath  of  .\llegiance  Jinie  25,   1865. 

PAGE,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Captured  at  Frederick,  Md„  July  9.  1864  and  confined 
in  hospital  until  transferred  to  Point  Lookout.  Md..  September  28,  1864  and 
exchanged   September   30.    1864, 

PARKER,  W.  T.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Parolea 
at  .Appomatto.x  Court  House.  Va,,  .April  9,  1865. 

PARRISH,  D.  F.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  \Vake  County  at  age  23,  May  28,  1861  for 
tlie  war.  Discliarged  November  28.   1861. 

PARRLSH,  EDWARD,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  22.  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa,,  July  3,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort 
Delaware,  Del.,  until  transferred  to  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  October  18,  1863. 
Paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  Wharf.  James  River.  Va..  February  20-21, 
1865.  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee.   near  Richmond,  Va.,  after  exchanged. 

PE.ARSON,  JON.ATHAN,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  "Wake  County  Novem- 
ber 13.  1863  for  the  war.  "Deserted"  and  "captured"  near  Raccoon  Ford.  Va., 
January  1-6.  1864.  Released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Amnesty  at  ^Vashington.  D.  C, 
March  22,   1865,  Sent  to  New  York  City. 

PENLEY',  L.  D.,  Private.  Captured  in  hospital  at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  July  5.  1863, 
wounded. 

PERRY',  G.  W.,  Private.  Resided  in  Union  County  as  a  blacksmith  and  en- 
listed in  \Vake  Coimtv  at  age  21.  .May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  ^\'ounded  and  cap- 
tured at  Seven  Pines,  Va,.  May  30.  1862  and  confined  at  Fort  Monroe.  Va.,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing.  \a.,  August  31.   1862.  Captured  at 


428  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Winchester,  Va..  July  20.  1864  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase.  Ohio,  until  paroled 
and  exchanged  at  Bouhvare's  Wharf,  James  River.  Va..  March  10-12,  1865.  Ad- 
mitted  to   hospital   at   Richmond.  Va..   after   exchanged. 

PICKARD,  HENRY,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  21.  July  3. 
1861  for  the  war.  ^Vounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August  29,  1862  and 
detailed  as  nurse  in  hospital  at  Staunton,  Va..  by  reason  of  wound.  Deserted 
from  hospital  Xovember  1.  1863. 

PICKARD,  JOHN  W.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  stone 
mason  prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  38.  Julv  3.  1861  for  the 
war.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August  29,  1862.  Discharged  at 
Danville.  Va..  September  2,  1863  by  reason  of  wound. 

PICKARD,  LAFAYETTE,   Private.     Enlisted   in  Wake  County  at  age  24.   May  28, 

1861  for  the  war.  ^Voinided  at  Gaines'  Mill.  Va..  June  27,  1862  and  at  Chancel- 
lorsville,  \'a..  Mav  4.  1863.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House.  Va..  .April  9, 
1865. 

PICKARD,  THOMAS,  Private.     Enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  26.  February  24, 

1862  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through   Februan'   1864. 

PICKARD,  WILLIAM  W.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Orange  County  at 
age  20,  September  2,  1861  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in  Company  G.  28th 
Regiinent  N.  C.  Troops.  Captured  at  Fredericksburg.  Va.,  December  13,  1862 
and  paroled  December  14,  1862  to  be  exchanged.  Transferred  to  Company  I, 
6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  March  18.  1863.  Captured  at  Williamsport, 
Md.,  July  6,  1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.  Transferred  to  Point 
Lookout.  Md.,  October  18,  1863. 

POINDEXTER,  PLEASANT  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Yadkin  County  at  age  26, 
September  15,  1862  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in  Company  I.  6th  Regiinent 
N.  C.  State  Troops  and  transferred  to  Company  G,  28th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops 
March — April  1863.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  wounded,  July  18, 
1863.    Paroled   at    .Appomattox    Court    House.    \a.,    .April    9,    1865. 

POINDEXTER,  WILLIAM  G.  W.,  Private.  Born  in  Yadkin  County  where  he  was 
conscripted  at  age  28.  September  15,  1862  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in 
Company  I,  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  and  transferred  to  Company  G, 
28th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  March  18,  1863.  Killed  at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  July 
3.  1863. 

POPE,  H.  L.,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County  as  a  farmer.  Captured  at  age 
36,  at  Winchester,  Va.,  July  20,  1864  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  where 
he  died  October  25,   1864  of  chronic  diarrhea. 

POPE,  W.  PAUL,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  17.  May  28.  1861  for 
the  war.  Killed  at   Malvern  Hill.  Va..  July   1.   1862. 

QUEEN,  JONAS,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  Coimty  where  he  resided  as  a  fanner  and 
enlisted  at  age  17,  September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Danville.  Va., 
July  31,  1863  bv  reason  of  "phthisis  pulmonalis,  great  general  debility  and 
neuralgia."  Later  conscripted  and  captured  near  Petersburg.  Va..  March  25, 
1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of 
.Allegiance  June  17.  1865. 

QUEEN,  MOSES,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  26,  September  22, 
1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond.  Va..  March  26,   1863  of  enteritis. 


Roster  429 

REVIS,  DANIEL,  Private.  Resided  in  Vadl<in  County  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh 
Oitciber  10.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg.  Va..  February  6,  186.5 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Alle- 
giance June  17,  1865. 

RIGGSBY,  >L\RK,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Chatham  County  at  age  28.  February  25, 
1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond.  \'a..  .-^pril  4.   1862  of  laryngitis  and  fever. 

ROBERTS,  A.4RON,  Private.  Born  in  ^Vake  County  where  he  resided  as  a  fanner 
and  enlisted  at  age  26,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock. 
Station,  \'a.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  where  he 
joined  the  U.  S.  serxice  January  23,  1864.  Mustered  into  Company  G.  1st  Regiment 
U.  S.  Volunteers  at  Norfolk.  Va..  May  1,  1864  for  three  years.  Deserted  at  Fort 
Snelling.  Minn..  October  1,   1865. 

ROBERTS,  ASHWELL,  Private.  Born  in  Wake  or  Orange  County  and  resided 
as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  Wake  County  at  age  22.  Mav  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined 
at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  where  he  joined  the  U.  S.  service  February  17.  1864. 
Mustered  into  Company  E,  1st  Regiment  U.  S.  Volunteers  at  Norfolk,  Va., 
.May  1,  1864  for  three  years.  Promoted  to  Lance  Corporal  July  3.  1864  and  to 
Corporal  March  14.  1865.  Mustered  out  at  Fort  Leaxenworth.  Kansas.  No\em- 
ber  27,  1865. 

ROBERTS,  JOHN,  Private.  Born  in  Wake  Countv  where  he  resided  as  a  fanner 
and  enlisted  at  age  22,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  \'a„  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  where  he 
joined  the  U.  S.  service  February  5,  1864.  Mustered  into  Company  E,  1st 
Regiment  U.  S.  Volunteers  at  Norfolk,  Va.,  Mav  1,  1864  for  three  years.  Mustered 
out  at  Sioux  Citv.  Iowa.  November  23,   1865. 

ROBERTS,  ZACHARIAH,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  ^\'ake  County  at  age 
26,  March  8,  1862  for  the  war.  \Vounded  at  Gaines'  Mill,  \'a..  June  27.  1862  and 
at  Fredericksburg.  Va..  Deceinber  13,  1862.  Detailed  to  Captain  Samuel  B. 
\Vaters'  Company.  Provost  Guard.  Raleigh,  December  14,  1863  by  reason  of 
wound.   Paroled   at   Raleigh   .\pril   20.   1865. 

RODGERS,  G.  W.  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  ^\■ake  County  at  age  24,  March  2, 
1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond,  \'a..  .April   18,   1862  of  pneumonia. 

SEARS,  GEORGE  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  \Vake  County  at  age  22,  .May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  -Appointed  Musician  the  same  day,  however,  appears  as  Private  af- 
ter .\ugust  1861,  Transferred  to  Company  D.  35th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops 
December  1.  1862.  Died  at  Faniixille,  Va.,  Februai")'  8,  1865  of  pneumonia  and 
typhoid  fever. 

SE-ARS,  H.ARMON,  1st  Sergeant.  Born  in  Chatham  Countv  and  resided  as  a 
mechanic  prior  to  enlistment  in  Wake  County  at  age  25.  May  28,  1861  for  the 
war.  Mustered  iir  as  1st  Sergeant.  \\'ounded  at  Battle  of  First  Manassas  July 
21.  1861  and  discharged  at  Camp  Fisher.  \'a..  January  26-27.  1862  by  reason  of 
wound. 

SHIP,  JOHN,  Private.     Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  \'a...  .April  9,   1865. 

SHIPP,  JOSEPH  M.,  Private.  Fnlisled  in  ^Vake  Countv  at  age  20.  December  13, 
1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7,  1863. 
Wounded  at  Winchester,  Va.,  September  19.  1864  and  died  of  woimd  at  AVood- 
stock,  \'a..  September  24,  1864. 


430  The  Bloody  Sixth 

SHIPP,  NATHANIEL  M.,  Private.  Born  in  Wake  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enhsted  at  age  41,  July  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in 
Company  G.  7th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops.  Discharged  June  23.  1862  by 
reason  of  disability.  Conscripted  September  15,  1862  and  assigned  to  Company 
I,  31st  Regiment  X.  C.  Troops.  Transferred  to  Company  I.  6th  Regiment  N.  C. 
State  Troops  September— Octoljer  1864.  Captured  in  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va., 
April   3,   1865  and  released  after  taking  Oath  of  -\llegiance  Julv  27,   1865. 

SIKES,  EDWARD,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  April  1.  1864  for  the  war.  Paroled 
at   .Appomattox   Coiut    House,   Va..  .April   9,   1865. 

SMITH,  DANIEL,   Private.     Enlisted   in   Burke   County   at   age   24,   September   22, 

1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's 
Landing.  Va..  February  25— March  3,   1865. 

SMITH,  D.4VID,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Burke  County  at  age  28.  Sep- 
tember 22,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg.  \'a..  March  25,  1865  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance 
June  20.  1865. 

SMITH,  HENRY,  Private.  Born  in  Burke  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enhsted  at  age  22.  September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Fred- 
ericksburg,  Va.,   January    15,    1863   by   reason   of   "mental   imbecility." 

SMITH,  JAMES  M.,  Private.  Born  in  Lincoln  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  Burke  County  at  age  18,  .April  12,  1862  for  the  war. 
Originally  enlisted  in  Company  B,  54th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  and  transferred 
to  Company  I,  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  Deceinber  20,  1862.  Wounded 
at  Chancellorsville,  \'a..   May   3.   1863.   Died   at   Gordonsville.   Va..   .September   6, 

1863  of  pneumonia. 

SMITH,  JOSHUA,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  August  20.  1863  for  the  war 
Deserted   near  Woodstock,  Va.,  November  8,   1864. 

SMITH,  THOMAS  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Wake  County  where  he  resided  as  a  fanner 
and  enlisted  at  age  20.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  "Woimded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md., 
September  17,  1862  and  captmed  near  the  battlefield  October  1.  1862.  Paroled 
and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing.  Va.,  October  25,  1862.  Captured  at  Rap- 
pahannock Station.  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md., 
where  he  joined  the  U.  S.  service  January  29,  1864.  Mustered  into  Company  I, 
1st  Regiment  V.  S.  Volunteers  at  Norfolk.  Va.,  June  6,  1864  for  three  years. 
Mustered  out   at   Fort   Leavenworth.   Kansas,   May   21.    1866. 

STALLINGS,  R.  G.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  .April  1,  1864  for  the  war. 
Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  December  1,  1684.  Paroled  at 
.Appomattox  Court  House.  \'a.,  .April  9.   1865  with   the  rank  of  Sergeant. 

STANSIL,  STEPHEN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  .April  1,  1864  for  the  war. 
Absent   sick   from  .August   8   through   December   1864. 

STEELE,  J.  G.,  Private.  Resided  as  a  fanner  in  Yadkin  County  where  he  enlisted 
at  age  18.  January  15,  1864.  Captured  at  Winchester,  Va.,  July  20.  1864  and 
confined  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  luitil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Xa.., 
March  10-12,  1865. 

STEELE,  WILLL4M  D.,  Private.  Resided  as  a  wagonmaker  in  Yadkin  County 
where  he  was  conscripted  at  age  28,  September  15,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Fredericksburg.  \a..  May  3,   1863  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until 


Roster  43 1 

paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va..  May  23.  1863.  Captured  at  Winchester, 
Va..  Jidv  20.  1864  and  confined  at  Camp  Chase.  Ohio,  until  paroled  and  ex- 
changed at  City  Point   March   10-12.   1865. 

STONE,  JAMES  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  Coimtv  at  age  20.  May  28.  1861 
for  the  war.  Detailed  as  teamster  from  July  21.  1861  through  December  1864. 
Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court   House.  Va..  April  9.   1865. 

STONE,  J.  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  May  28.  1864  for  the  war. 
Died  September  24.   1864. 

STONE,  J.  S.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  October  28.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured 
near  Petersbuig.  \'a..  March  25.  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md., 
until  released  after  taking  Oatli   of  .Allegiance  Jtuie  9.  1865. 

STONE,  ROBERT  D.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  \Vake  Countv  November  10.  1863  for 
war.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court   House.  \'a..  .April  9.   1865. 

STRICKLIN,  W.  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  18.  1864  for  the  war. 
C:aptured  at  Strasburg.  Va..  .September  23.  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
oiU.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing.  \'a..  March  19.  1865. 

TANNER,  C,  Private.  Captured  at  Spotsylvania  Court  House.  Va..  May  12.  1864 
and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  where  he  died  Julv  10.  1864  of  clironic 
diarrhea. 

TAYLOR,  JOHN  T.,  Private.  Born  in  Nash  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  \Vake  County  at  age  21.  May  28.  1861  for  the  war.  Dis- 
charged  December   17.   1861   by  reason  of  bad  eyes. 

TROGDEN,  A.  D.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  March  5,  1864  for  the  war.  Present 
or  accounted  for  through   December   1864. 

UPCHURCH,  J.  H.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  Virginia  at  age  24.  .August  13.  1862  for 
the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md..  September  17, 
1862.  Promoted  to  Corporal  February  1.  1863.  'Wounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa., 
Julv  1-2.  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7,  1863  and 
escaped.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  November— December  1863.  AVounded  at  Cedar 
Creek.  \'a..  October  19.  1864.  Died  of  wound  at  Charlottesville.  Va..  November 
13.  1864. 

UPCHURCH,   WILLIFORD,   Private.     Enlisted   in   Wake   County   at   age   20,   May 

28,   1861   for  the  war.  Missing  in  action  at   Cedar  Creek.  \'a.,  October   19.   1864. 

UPCHURCH,  AVINSHIP,  Private.  Born  in  Chatham  Comity  and  resided  as  a 
laimer  prior  to  enlistment  in  Wake  County  at  age  17.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout,  Md..  where  he  joined  the  U.  S.  service  February  17.  1864. 
Mustered  into  Company  E.  1st  Regiment  U.  S.  Volunteers  at  Norfolk,  A'a.,  May 
1.  1864  for  three  years.  Deserted  near  Fort  Benton.  Montana  TerritoiT,  July 
3,  1865. 

UPCHURCH,  WINSLOAV,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Chatham  County  October  24, 
1864  for  the  war.  Present   through   December    1864. 

'VARNER,  GEORGE  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Orange  County  at  age  24,  February 
24,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va..  November  7, 
1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Aiken's  Landing,  \'a..  February  25— March  3,   1865. 


432  The  Bloody  Sixth 

WARREN,  DENNIS  P.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  19,  May  28.  1861 
for  the  war.  Discharged  November  28.   1861. 

WEATHERSPOON,  JAMES  O.,  Private.  Born  in  Wake  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  20,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Transferred  to 
Company  G,  7th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  June  1.  1861  and  mustered  into 
that  company  as  Sergeant  August  21.  1861.  Discharged  July  27.  1862  bv  reason 
of  disability. 

WEATHERSPOON,  SIMPSON,  Private.  Born  in  \Vake  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  blacksmith  and  enlisted  at  age  28,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Transferred  to 
Company  G,  7th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  June  1.  1861  and  mustered  into 
that  company  as  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant  .'\ugust  21.  1861.  Promoted  to  Sr  2nd 
Lieutenant  .August  7,  1862.  Wounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August  29, 
1862  and  captured  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  3.  1863.  Confined  in  various  prisions 
until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  June  12, 
1865. 

%VEATHERSPOON,  ^VILLIAM  H.,  Private.  Born  in  ^Vake  County  where  he  re- 
sided as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  22.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  TransfeiTed 
to  Company  G,  7th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  June  1,  1861  and  mustered 
into  that  company  as  Sergeant  August  21,  1861.  Elected  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant 
February  4.    1863.   Paroled   at   Greensboro    May    1,    1865. 

WIGGINS,  JOHN,  Private.  Captured  at  Old  Church,  Va..  May  30.  1864  and  con- 
fined at  Elmira,  N.  Y..  unlil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  Wharf,  James 
River,  Va.,  Match  18-21.  1865.  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee.  near  Richmond.  Va., 
after  exchanged. 

WILDER,  JOHN  \V.,  Sergeant.  Born  in  Wake  County  ^vhere  he  enlisted  at  age 
22,  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Sergeant.  Wounded  at  Battle 
of  First  Manassas  July  21,  1861  and  died  of  wound  at  Charlottesville,  Va.,  .-Vugust 
2,  1861. 

WILLIAMS,  C.  L.,  1st  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  23.  May  28,  1861 
for  the  war.  .\ppointed  Sergeant  the  same  day.  Promoted  to  1st  Sergeant  Jan- 
uai7  28,  1862.  Wounded  at  Cedar  Creek.  \'a.,  October  19,  1864.  Paroled  at 
Appomattox  Court  House,  Va,,  .4pril  9.   1865. 

WLLLIAMS,  G.  S.,  Private.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Chatham  County  at  age  23, 
July  18,  1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  Julv  1-2,  1863.  Paroled 
at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  .April  9,  1865. 

WILLIAMS,  JACKSON  L.,  Private.  Born  in  Wake  County  where  he  enlisted  at 
age  23.  May  28,  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Jones,  Va.,  September  13,  1861 
of  disease. 

WILLIAMS,  JAMES  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Chatham  County  at  age  20,  February 
25,  1862  for  the  war.  Killed  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  2.   1863. 

WILLIAMS,  J.  F.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  at  age  30,  May  28,  1861  for 
the  war.  Detailed  to  .Ambulance  Corps  as  driver  September  1,  1862  through  Sep- 
tember 1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  Va..  -April  9,   1865. 

WILLIAMS,  J.  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Chatham  County  at  age  20,  February  25, 
1862  for  the  war.  Woimded  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va..  November  7.  1863. 
Paroled  at  -Appomattox   Court  House.  Va.,  .April  9,   1865. 


Roster  433 

WILLIAMS,  SANDY,  Private.     Enlisted  in  Chatiiam  County  at  age  26,  February  1, 

1862  tor  the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in  Company  D.  35th  Regiment  N.  C. 
Troops.  C:aptured  at  New  Bern  March  14,  1862  and  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Aiken's  Landing.  \a..  .August  5.  1862.  Transferred  to  Company  I.  6th  Regiment 
N.  C.  State  Troops  December  27.  1862.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House, 
\'a..  April  9.  1865. 

WILSON,  ALLEN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Chatham  County  at  age  51,  March  4,  1862 
for  the  war.  Died  at  home  October  19,  1862  of  disease. 

WILSON,  STEPHEN,  Private.  Enlisted  as  a  substitute  in  Chatham  County  at 
age  48,  March  4-7.  1862  for  the  war.  Killed  at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  31,   1862. 

WILSON,  WILLI.\M,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Chatham  County  at  age  23,  February 
23,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Ashland.  Va..  April   18,   1862  of  fever. 

WIMBLY,  MARK,  Private.  Enlisted  in  \\'ake  County  at  age  18.  May  28.  1861  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing. 
Va.,  February  25— March  3.  1865.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Riclimond,  Va..  after 
exchanged. 

WINFREY,  W.  H.,  Private.  Resided  and  conscripted  in  Yadkin  Coturty  at  age 
20.  September  15.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  in  hospital  at  Gettysburg,  Pa., 
July  5,  18(>3  and  confined  at  DeCamp  General  Hospital,  David's  Island.  N.  Y. 
Harbor,  luitil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va..  September  8,  1863. 
Captured  at  Strasburg.  \'a..  September  23.  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  22,  1865. 

YATES,  L.   B.,  Private.     Enlisted   near   Fredericksburg,   Va.,  at  age  35,   March   28, 

1863  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes 
Landing,  James  River,  \'a..  February  14-15,  1865.  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee,  near 
Richmond.  \'a.,  after  exchanged. 

YATES,  V.  STEWARD,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Chatham  County  at  age  23,  March 
1-3.   1862  for  the  war.   Present  or  accounted   for  through   December  1864. 

YE.ARGEN,  WY.\TT,  Private.  Resided  in  Mecklenburg  County  and  enlisted  at 
Raleigh  at  age  24,  September  17,  1862  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in  Com- 
pany K,  30th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  but  transfened  to  Company  1,  6th 
Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  April  10,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station, 
Aa.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and 
exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing.  \a..  February  25— March  3.  1865.  .Admitted  to 
hospital  at   Richmond,  A'a..  after  exchanged. 

YOUNG,  JAMES  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  22.  July  3, 
1861  for  the  war.  \\ounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Captured  at  AVin- 
chester,  A'a.,  September  19,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's  AVharf,  James  River,  A'a.,  February  20-21, 
1865.  Stationed  at   Camp  Lee,  near  Richmond,  Va.,  after  exchanged. 


434  The  Bloody  Sixth 

COMPANY  K 

OFFICERS 
CAPTAINS 

LEA,  JAMES  W.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  33,  June  21.  18(31  for  the 
war  and  commissioned  Captain  by  Governor  Ellis  to  rank  from  May  16,  1861. 
Wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  31,  1862.  Resigned  August  23.  1862  by 
reason  of  ill  health. 

VINCENT,  JOSEPH  S.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  -Alamance  County  at  age  29.  June 
21,  1861  for  the  war  and  commissioned  1st  Lieutenant  by  Governor  Ellis  to 
rank  from  May  16,  1861.  Promoted  to  Captain  .'\ugust  23,  1862.  Absent  sick 
from  August  24,  1863  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  18, 
1865. 

LIEUTENANTS 

BLIRTON,  J.\MES  T.,  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  re- 
sided as  a  merchant  and  enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  21,  June  21.  1861 
for  the  war.  Appointed  Sergeant  the  same  day.  Reduced  to  ranks  November  1, 
1861  on  his  recjuest.  Reappointed  Sergeant  .August  1.  1862  and  promoted  to  Jr 
2nd  Lieutenant  December  2,  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  No- 
vember 7,  1863  and  confined  at  Johnson's  Island,  Ohio,  until  released  after 
taking  Oath   of  Allegiance  June   12.   1865.  _ 

CRAWFORD,  SAMUEL  J.,  1st  Lieutenant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  .Alamance 
County  at  age  31  and  commissioned  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant  by  Governor  Ellis  to 
rank  from  May  16,  1861.  Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  .August  23,  1862.  ^Vounded 
at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  July  1.  1863  and  captured  in  hospital  at  Gettvsburg  Julv 
5,  1863.  Confined  at  Johnson's  Island.  Ohio,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
City  Point.  Va.,  February  25— March  3,  1865.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  18.  1865. 

MA'JfNARD,  GEORGE  R.,  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant.  Born  in  Alamance  County  where 
he  resided  as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  22.  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  .'Ap- 
pointed Sergeant  the  same  day.  Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va..  July  1,  1862. 
Elected  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant  .April  4.  1862  and  promoted  to  Sr  2nd  Lieutenant 
.August  23.  1862.  Captured  at  Strasburg,  Va.,  October  19,  1864  and  confined  at 
Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  -Allegiance  June  17, 
1865. 

RONEY,  CALVIN  N.,  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant.  Resided  and  enlisted  in  Alamance  Coun- 
ty at  age  29,  Jinie  21,  18(il  for  the  war.  Commissioned  Jr  2nd  Lieutenant  by 
Governor  Ellis  to  rank  from  May   16.  1861.  Resigned  .April  4,  1862. 

NON-COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS  AND  PRIVATES 

ACTOR,  J.  A.,  Private.  Captured  at  Mechanicsville,  Va.,  May  30,  1864  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  where  he  died  July  9.  1864  of  inflammation  of 
bowels. 

ADAMS,  JOHN  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
mechanic  and  enlisted  at  age  33,  March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Furloughed  from 
hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  for  thirty  days  .April  23,  1862  and  died  at  home  in 
North  Carolina  May  4,   1863  of  fever. 


Roster  435 

ALDRIDGE,  BENJAMIN  R.,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  where  he  re- 
sided as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  19,  Jime  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  March  16,  1865. 
Paroled  at   Raleigh   Mav  16.   1865. 

ALDRIDGE,  JAMES  P.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .-Mamance  County  at  age  17,  March 
1,   1862  for  the  war.   Missing  in  action  at   Chancellorsville,  Va.,   May  3,   1863. 

ALLEN,  E.  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  19,  March  1.  1862 
for  the  war.  .Missing  in  action  at   Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2.   1863. 

ALLEN,  H.  C.,  Private.     Enlisted  in  .Alamance  Countv  .March   1.  1864  for  the  war. 

ALLEN,  HENRY  Y.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  15.  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House.  \a..  .April  9,  1865. 

ALLEN,  JOSEPH,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  Coimty  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  39,  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Camp 
Fisher.  Va..  January  20.   1862   by  reason   of  general   debility. 

ALLEN,  JOSEPH  Y.,  Private.     Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  18.   March    1, 

1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Shepherdstown,  Va.,  July  1,  1863  of  typhoid  fever. 

ALLEN,  LEVI  WALKER,  Sergeant.  Born  in  .Alamance  Coinrt\  where  he  resided 
as  a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  23.  June  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as 
Private  and  appointed  Corporal  May  28.  1862.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  November- 
December  1864.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond.  Va..  March  27,  1865, 
wounded,  and  captured  in  hospital  .April  3,  1865.  Confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md..  initil  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  26.   1865. 

ALLEN,  \VILLL\M  J.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  Coimty  w-here  he  resided  as  a 
saddler  and  enlisted  at  age  34,  July  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher, 
\a..  October  28.  1861  of  typhoid  fever. 

ALLISON,  JOHN  Q.,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted  in  .Ala- 
mance County  at  age  37.  March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Petersburg, 
\'a..  March  25,  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  released  after 
taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June  22,  1865. 

ALLISON,  LEE,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  fanner  prior 
to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  IS,  June  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  3.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  .Md..  where  he 
died  October  31,   1863  of  diphtheria. 

ALLISON,  MARION  AV.,  Private.  Born  and  resided  in  Orange  Coimtv  and  en 
listed  March  1861  in  Company  D,  4th  Regiment  Kentucky  Infantry.  \\'oinided 
at  Dallas.  Va.,  May  1864  and  sent  home  on  furlough.  Transferred  to  Company 
K.  6th  Regiment  X.  C.  State  Troops  while  on  finlough  but  never  returned  by 
reason  of  wound. 

ANDERSON,  JOHNSON,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  1,  1864  for  the  war. 
.Absent  sick  from  June  25  through  December  1864. 

BAKER,  JOSEPH,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlistetl  at  age  44.  March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Rich 
mond,  \a..  October  3.  1862  by  reason  of  insanity  and  general  debility. 


436  The  Bloody  Sixth 

BALLARD,  JOHN  BEDFORD,  Corporal.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  17, 
March  1.  1862  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private.  Present  or  accounted  for 
through  December  1864  as  a  Private.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  13,  1865  with 
the  rank  of  Corporal. 

BARKER,  LEVI,  Private.  Resided  in  .\lamance  County  and  enlisted  in  Halifax 
County  May  12,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Famiville,  Va.,  April  6,  1865  and 
confined  at  Newport  News,  Va.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance 
June  25,  1865. 

BARNETT,  WILLL\M,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  15,  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House.  Va.,  April  9,  1865. 

BARNWELL,  HENRY  W.,  Sergeant.  Born  in  Alamance  County  ivhere  he  resided 
as  a  school  teacher  and  enlisted  at  age  24.  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Appointed 
Sergeant  the  same  day.  Killed  at  Sexen  Pines,  Va.,  May  31,   1862. 

BARNWELL,  JOHN  C,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  at  age  26.  September  1,  1861 
for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond.  Va.,  June  5.  1862  of  typhoid  fever. 

BARTON,  ANDREW,  Private.  Born  in  .\lamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  31,  June  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  near 
Manassas  Junction,  Va.,  August  31,  1861  of  disease. 

BARTON,  GEORGE  H.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  19,  March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond, 
Va..  .-^pril  10,  1862  of  bronchitis  and  hemorrhage  of  the  lungs. 

BARTON,  JAMES  SIDNEY,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  21,  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at 
Fredericksburg,  Va..  December  13,  1862  and  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1,  1863. 
Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at 
Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  and  sent 
to  Fort  Monroe,  Va.,  March  14,  1864  to  work  on  public  works. 

BARTON,  JOHN,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer  prior 
to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  33,  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  'Wounded 
at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2,  1863.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  February 
1864. 

BASKNIGHT,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  March  15,  1864 
for  the  xvar. 

BIRD,  GEORGE  M.,  Private.  Born  in  ,\lamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  September  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock 
Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  where  he 
joined  the  U.  S.  Volunteers  at  Norfolk.  \'a..  May  1,  1864  for  three  years.  Deserted 
at  Red  'Wood,  Minn.,  September  29.   1864. 

BIRD,  'WILLIAM  A.,  Private.  Born  in  .\lamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
fai-mer  and  enlisted  at  age  31.  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Ashland, 
Va.,  Mav  1,  1862  by  reason  of  disease  of  the  lungs. 

BL.4NCHARD,  F.  W.,  Private.  Resided  in  .\lamance  County.  Admitted  to  hos- 
pital at  Richmond,  Va.,  March  31,  1865  with  paralysis  and  captured  in  hospital 
April  3,  1865.  Confined  at  Newport  News.  Xa..  until  released  after  taking  Oath 
of  Allegiance  June  30,  1865. 


Roster  437 

BROWNING,  JAMES  L.,  Piivate.     Enlisted  at  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  at  age  18,  April 

4,  1863  for  the  war  as  a  substitute  for  \Villiara  P.  Browning.  Captured  at  Rap- 
pahannock Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md., 
where  he  died  February  18,  1865  of  congestion  of  brain. 

BROWNING,  THOMAS  FRANKLIN,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  and  resided 
as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  35,  June  21.  1861 
for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher,  Va.,  December  18.  1861  of  typhoid  fever. 

BRO^VNING,    "WILLIAM    P.,    Private.     Enlisted    in    .\lamance    County    March    1. 

1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  South  Mountain,  Md..  September  15.  1862  and 
paroled  and  exchanged  at  .\iken's  Landing,  Va.,  November  10,  1862.  Discharged 
April  4,  1863  after  providing  James  L.  Browning  as  his  substitute, 

BYRD,  JOHN  W.,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  34.  July  8,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond,  Va., 
February  6,   1863  of  disease. 

CAPPS,  H.,  Private.     Died  at   Kinston  April   18,   1864  of  gunshot   wounds. 

CHAPPLE,  ELISHA,  Private.  Resided  in  Montgomery  County  and  enlisted  in 
Shenandoah  Vallev.  Va..  October  16.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Peters- 
burg, \'a„  February  6,  1865  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  re- 
leased after  taking  Oath   of  Allegiance  June  26,   1865. 

CHEEKS,  GEORGE  \V.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  at  age  18,  March 
1,    1863    for   the   war.    Captured   at    Rappahannock    Station,    Va.,    November    7. 

1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
City  Point,  Va.,  December  28,  1863,  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va., 
April  9,  1865. 

CHRISTOPHER,  JOHN  WASHINGTON,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and 
resided  as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  41.  June 
21,  1861  for  the  war.  ^V'ounded  at  Chancelloi-sville,  Va.,  May  4.  1863.  Captured 
at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point,  Savannah  River,  Ga., 
November  15,  1864,  Paroled  at  Raleigh  May   17,   1865. 

CONNER,  E.  F.,  Private.     Died  in  "WaiTen  County  August  1,  1864  of  disease. 

COOK,  NEHEMIAH,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  March  1.  1862  for 
the  war.  Detailed  to  Pioneer  Corps,  Lexington,  Va.,  November  27,  1864  through 
December  1864. 

CORDELL,  A.,  Private.  Resided  in  Buncombe  County  as  a  fanner.  Captured  at 
Strasburg.  Va.,  October  19,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  re- 
leased after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  May  13,   1865, 

CRAWFORD,  LEVI,  Private.  Bom  in  Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  25,  March  1,  1862  for  the  wax-.  Died  at  Richmond, 
Va..   April   7,    1862   of   measles. 

CURRAN,  JOHN,  Private.  Born  in  Ireland  and  resided  as  a  laborer  uhen  he 
was  conscripted.  Captured  at  Mechanicsville,  Va.,  June  30,  1863  and  confined  at 
Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  where  he  joined  the  U.  S.  service  September  4,  1863. 
Mustered  into  Company  D,  3rd  Regiment  Maryland  Cavalry  at  Baltimore,  Md., 
at  age  24,  September  15,  1863  for  three  years.  Transferred  to  Company  E,  same 
regiment,  December  9,  1864.  Mustered  out  at  \icksburg.  Miss.,  September  7, 
1865. 


438  The  Bloody  Sixth 

DAILEY,  GEORGE  GRAHAM,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  CounLy  where  he  re- 
sided as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  20,  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va..  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Wharf,  James  River,  Va..  October 
15.  1864.  Paroled  at  .\ppomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  ."Vpril  9,  1865  and  at  Greens- 
boro May  16.  1865. 

DAILEY,  JOHN  GILL,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  22.  Jmie  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rap- 
pahannock Station.  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Wharf,  James  River.  Va.,  February 
14-15,  1865.  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee,  near  Richmond,  Va.,  after  exchanged. 

DAILEY,  L.  G.,  Private.     Paroled  at   Greeesboro  May   13,   1865. 

DAILY,  A.  G.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinstcjn  March  6,  1864  for  the  war.  Paroled  at 
Appomattox  Court  House.  Va.,  .April  9,   1865  and  at  Greensboro  May   16,   1865. 

DALBY,  A.  G.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  15,  1864  for  the  war.  Paroled 
at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April  9,  1865. 

DALEY,  J.  F.,  Private.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's 
Landing,  Va.,  February  10.  1865. 

D.4NIELY,  W.  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  March  1,  1862  for  the 
war.   Died   at   Charlottesville,  Va.,   November— December   1862   of   disease. 

DeSHONG,  MARTIN  V.,  Sergeant.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  residetl 
as  a  trader  and  enlisted  at  age  24,  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as 
Private  and  appointed  Sergeant  July  29,  1861.  Died  at  Charlottesville.  Va.,  July 
7,  1862  of  typhoid  fever. 

DeSHONG,  N.-VTHANIEL  POLK,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he 
resided  as  a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  17.  June  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Detailed 
as  teamster  February  6.  1862  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox 
Court  House,  Va.,  April  9.   1865. 

ED'WARDS,  JACQUES,  Private.  Received  pay  as  a  paroled  prisoner  May  27,  1863 
for   the  months  of   March— .April    1863. 

EMERSON,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  10,  1864  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Strasburg.  Va..  October  19,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Landing,  James  River,  Va.,  February 
14-15,  1865.  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee.  near  Richmond,  Va.,  after  exchanged. 

EVANS,  G.  W.  HAYWOOD,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided 
and  enlisted  at  age  21.  Jtdy  4.  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher,  Va., 
October  22,    1861   of   typhoid   fever. 

EVERHART,  FRANKLIN,  Private.  Resided  in  Davidson  County  and  enlisted  in 
Shenandoah  Valley.  Va..  October  16.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Petersburg, 
\'a..  .April  2.  1865  and  confined  at  Hart's  Island,  N.  Y.  Harbor,  until  released 
after   taking   Oath   of  .Allegiance  June  21,   1865. 

FITCH,  WILLIAM  ].,  Private.     Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  21,  June  21, 

1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Land- 
ing. Va..  March  16,  1865.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  14,  1865. 


Roster  439 

FONVILLE,  B.  F.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kiiiston  April  12,  1864  for  the  war.  Absent 
woundeil  from  .\pril  IS.  1864  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  Greensboro 
May   II,   1865. 

FRAZER,  JOHN,  Private.  Captured  at  .Strasburg.  \"a.,  October  19,  1864  and  con- 
fined at  West's  Building  Hospital.  Baltinrore.  Md.,  where  he  died  December 
6,   1864  of  typhoid  fever. 

FULBRIGHT,  GEORGE  ^^'.,  Private.  Conscripted  in  Burke  County  September 
22.  1862  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled 
at  .\ppomattox  Court   House.  \a..  .\pril  9,   1865. 

FULBRIGHT,  MIKE,  Private.  EnHsted  in  Henrico  Countv.  \'a..  June  1.  1S64  for 
the  war.  Died  September   1.   1864  of  disease. 

G.\RRISON,  WILLIAM  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  19.  March 
1,  1862  for  the  war.  Missing  in  action  at  Chancellorsville,  \'a..  May  4.   1863. 

GORDON,  C.  G.,  Private.  Died  at  Petersburg.  \a..  May  13-24,  1864  of  gunshot 
ivound. 

GRAHAM,  .\LBERT,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  .March  1,  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  .\ppomattox  Court   House,  Va..  .-^pril  9.   1865. 

GRAHAM,  ROBERT  MABANE,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age 
30,  March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond.  \'a..  .\ugust  10,  1862  of  fever. 

GRAH.\M,  \VILLI.4M,  Private.  Resided  in  .\lamance  County  and  enlisted  near 
Port  Roval.  \'a.,  at  age  46.  February  2.  1863  for  the  war  as  a  substitute  for 
Eli  Mc-Adams.  Captured  in  hospital  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  5.  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Fort  Delaware,  Del.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance 
May  3,   1865. 

GRINSTE.iD,  JOSEPH  S.,  Private.     Enlisted  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  18,  June 

20,  1863  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7, 
1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookoiu,  Md..  where  he  died  Februan-  20.  1865  of 
chronic  diarrhea. 

GRINSTE.\D,  THOMAS  ELI,  Private.  Born  in  Person  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  in  .\laraance  Countv  where  he  enlisted  at  age  23,  June  21,  1861  for  the 
war.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher.  \'a.,  February  9,  1862  of  typhoid  fever. 

HALL,  J,4MES  HARRISON,  Sergeant.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  re- 
sided as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  20.  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  .Appointed 
Corporal  July  29,  1861  and  promoted  to  Sergeant  .August  1.  1862.  Present  or 
accounted    for   through    February    1864. 

HALL,  WILLIAM  A.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  19.  Marcli 
1.  1862  for  the  war.  .Appointed  Corporal  March  1,  1863.  Captured  at  Rap- 
pahannock Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md., 
until  paroled  and  exchanged   at  Boulware's  Wharf,  James   River,  Aa..  January 

21.  1865.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  10,  1865  with  the  rank  of  Sergeant. 

HjiJRRIS,  JOSEPH,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  15.  1864  for  the  war. 
.Absent   sick   No\  ember— December    1864. 

HART,  JOHN,  Private.  Bonr  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  at  age  22.  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Reported  as  missing  at  Rap- 
pahannock Station,  Aa..  November  7.  1863  and  there  is  no  further  record  until 
he  is  reported  dead  November  8.   1864  of  gunshot  wound. 


440  The  Bloody  Sixth 

HART,  WILLIAM  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  18.  March  1, 
1862  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill,  Va.,  June  27,  1862.  Captured  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout, 
Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  Februai*)'  25— March 

3,  1865. 

HART,  WYATT,  Private.  Born  in  .\lamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
fai-mer  and  enlisted  at  age  23.  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahan- 
nock Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  where 
he  died  April  4,  1864. 

HATCHEL,  SAMUEL,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  27,  June  21,  1861  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  June  1.  1862  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware,  Del., 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  \'a.,  .\ugust  5,  1862.  ^\'ounded 
at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July   1,   1863  and  captured  at   South   Mountain,  Md..  July 

4,  1863.  Confined  at  Fort  Delaware  until  transferred  to  Point  Lookout.  Md., 
October  18,  1863.  Joined  the  U.  S.  service  January  23,  1864.  Mustered  into 
Company  G,  1st  Regiment  U.  S.  Volunteers  at  Norfolk,  Va.,  May  1,  1864  for 
three  years.   Mustered   out   at   Fort   Leavenworth,   Kansas,   May  21,    1866. 

HATCHELL,  DAVID,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Raleigh  September  1,  1861  for  the 
war.  Killed  at  Sharpsburg.  Md..  September   17,  1862. 

HAYES,  JESSE,  Private.  Conscripted  March  1863  for  the  war.  Died  at  Lynchburg, 
Va.,  June  27,  1864  of  typhoid  fever. 

HAZELL,  ALFRED  SHUT,  Private.  Born  in  .\lamance  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  mechanic  and  enlisted  at  age  36.  June  21,  1861.  .'Vppointed  1st  Sergeant  af- 
ter enlistment  but  reduced  to  ranks  lor  being  absent  without  leave  July  24, 
1861.  Discharged  July  8.  1862  after  furnishing  a  substitute. 

HAZLE,  JAMES  C,  Private.  Enlisted  as  a  substitute  at  Richmond,  Va.,  at  age  16, 
Julv  8,   1862  for  the  war.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court.  Va.,  .\pril  9,   1865. 

HAZLE,  W.  H.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Plymouth  April  24,  1864  for  the  war.  Paroled 
at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April  9,  1865. 

HESSIE,  MARION,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  25,  June  21, 
1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  .August  1, 
1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  18(33  and  confined 
at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing.  'V'a., 
May  8,  1864.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864  as  a  Corporal. 
Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April  9,  1865  with  the  rank  of 
Sergeant. 

HICKS,  ALEXANDER,  Private.  Born  in  Halifax  County  and  resided  as  a  black- 
smith prior  to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  47,  June  21,  1861  for  the 
war.  Discharged  at  Camp  Fisher.  Va.,  January  20,  1862  by  reason  of  age  and 
general  physical  incapacity. 

HICKS,  JOSEPH,  Private.  Born  in  Halifax  County  and  resided  as  a  tobacconist 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  54,  June  21,  1861  for  the  war. 
Discharged  August  20.  1861   by  reason  of  general  infirmity. 

HOLT,  GRANVILLE  SIMPSON,  Sei-geant.  Born  in  Alamance  County  where  he 
resided  as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  35.  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered 
in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  October  1,  1862.  Promoted  to  Sergeant 
December  1,  1862.  Wounded  and  captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  No- 
vember 7,  1863  and  admitted  to  hospital  at  \Vashington,  D.  C.  where  he  died 
of  wound  November  9,  1863, 


Roster  441 

HOLT,  MITCHELL,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  19,  March  1, 
18(52  for  the  war.  .Missing  in  action  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va.,  July  1,  1862. 

HORNER,  THOMAS,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  15,  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April  9,  1865. 

HOW.4RD,  R.  B.,  Private.  Captured  at  Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  3,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Fort  Delaware.  Del.,  until  transferred  to  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  October 
18,  1863. 

HUGHES,  FRANKLIN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  'Washington  County  .\pril  24,  1864 
for  the  war.  Paroled  at  .\ppomattox  Court   House,  \"a.,  -\pnl  9,   1865. 

HUGHES,  JOHN  HENRY,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  23.  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at 
Gettysburg.  Pa.,  July  1,  1863.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 
Paroled   at   Greensboro   May    10,   1865. 

HUGHES,  RUFFES',  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  18,  July  1, 
1863   for  the  war.  Captured  at   Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,   November   7,   1863 

I  and   confined   at   Point   Lookoiu,    Md..   until    paroled   and   exchanged   at   Coxes 

Landing,  James  River.  Va.,  February  14-15.  1865.  .-\dmitted  to  hospital  at 
Richmond,  Va.,  after  exchanged.  Died  in  hospital  and  buried  in  Hollywood 
CemeteiT,  Richmond,  February  19,  1865. 

HUGHES,  THOMAS,  Private.     Born   in  .Alamance  Cotuity  where  he  resided   as   a 
I  mechanic  and  enlisted  at  age  27,  June  21.   1861    for  the  war.  Detailed  as  regi- 

"  mental   blacksmith  September   1,    1861    through   February    1864.   Paroled   at  Ap- 

pomattox Court  House,  Va,.  .April  9,  1865. 

HUNT,  J.  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  15.  1864  for  the  war.  Transferred 
to  Company  B.  12th  Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  (2nd  Regiment  N.  C.  Volunteers) 
November  15,   1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court   House,  \a..  April  9,   1865. 

HUNT,   SOLOMON,   Private.     Enlisted   at   Kinston    March    15.    1864   for   the   war. 
1  W'oinided   at   Cedar   Creek,   Va..   October   19.    1864   and   died   of   woimd   at   Mt. 

Jackson.  Va..  November  8,   1864. 

HURDLE,  EDWARD  L.,  Private.  Enhsted  in  .\laraance  County  at  age  27,  March 
1,  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a..  November  7,  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  luitil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's 
Landing,  Va.,  February  25 — March  3,  1865.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond, 
Va.,  February'  28,  1865  with  pneimionia.  Died  March  9,  1865  and  buried  in 
HoUysvood  Cementery,  Richmond. 

HURDLE,  G.  D.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  February  1.  1864  for  the 
war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

HLIRDLE,  GEORGE  W.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  22.  June  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond, 
Va.,  September  20.   1861   of   typhoid   fever. 

HURDLE,  WILLIAM  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .\laraance  County  at  age  23.  March 
1.  1862  for  the  war.  \Vounded  and  captured  at  Winchester.  \'a..  September  18-19, 
1864.  Died  at  Winchester,  \'a..  October  1.  1864  of  wound. 

HYATT,  E.  P.,  Private.  Conscripted  March  1864  for  the  war.  .Adiiritted  to  hos- 
pital at  Charlotte  May  15,  1864.  wounded,  and  returned  to  duty  June  8.  1864. 
Transfened   October  24.    1864. 


442  The  Bloody  Sixth 

ISLEY,  G.  C,  Private.  Resided  in  Alamance  County  and  enlisted  at  Kinston 
March  6.   1864  for  the  war.   Paroled  at  Greensboro   May   4.   1865. 

JONES,  LEVI,  Private.  Born  in  .\lamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  at  age  19,  March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond,  Va., 
April   15,   1862  of  measles. 

JONES,  ZALMON  J.,  Private.  Resided  in  .\laniance  County  and  enlisted  at  Ra- 
leigh September  1,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2.  186.8 
and  captured  at  South  ^fountain,  Md.,  July  4,  1864.  Confined  at  Fort  Delaware, 
Del.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .\llegiance  June   19.   1865. 

KEAVER,  DAVID  A.,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  Comity  where  he  was  con- 
scripted September  22.  1862  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Famiville.  \'z..  April  6, 
1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of 
Allegiance  June  25,  1865. 

KING,  ANDERSON,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  42,  June  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Killed  in  action  at 
Battle  of  Second   Manassas  .\ugust  29,   1862. 

KING,  C.  W.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  at  age  25,  March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond.  Va,.  May 
17.  1862  of  "injury  of  ankle." 

KING,  HENRY  C.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  18.  March  1. 
1862  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station. 
Va.,  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookoiu.  Md,.  until  paroled  and 
exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  May  8,  1864.  .Appointed  Corporal  Novem- 
ber—December 1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House.  Va..  .April  9,  1865 
with  the  rank  of  Sergeant, 

KING,  JOHN  W.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  March  1,  1862  for  the 
war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va,.  November  7.  1863  and  confined 
at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing.  Va„ 
March   16,   1865,  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May   14.   1865, 

KING,  WILLIAM  S.,  Private.  Conscripted  and  attached  to  Company  E.  Mallett's 
Battalion  Camp  Guard  until  assigned  to  Company  K.  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State 
Troops  March   1,  1864.  Died  in  Virginia  September  28,  1864  of  disease, 

LYNCH,  THOMAS,  Private.  Resided  in  Bladen  County  and  enlisted  at  Kinston 
March  9,  1864  for  tlie  war.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  \"a,.  .April  9, 
1865. 

LYNCH,  THOMPSON,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Wake  County  July  15,  1862  for  the 
war.  Originally  assigned  to  Company  E,  Mallett's  Battalion  Camp  Guard  and 
appointed  Sergeant.  .Assigned  to  Company  K,  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops 
in  mid  1864  as  a  Private.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864. 

MALONE,  EGBERT,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  Coiuuy  at  age  35.  Afarch  1, 
1862  for  the  war.  ^\"ounded  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .August  30,  1862, 
Detailed  at  Greensboro  as  guard  in  Commissary  Department  through  December 
1864  by  reason  of  wound.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  \'a.,  .April  9, 
1865, 

MALONE,  NATHANIEL,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a 
fanner  prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  23,  June  21,  1861  for 
the  war.  ^Vounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va,.  July  I,  1862  and  again  at  Gettysburg, 


Roster  443 

Pa.,  July  1,  1863  where  he  was  captured  in  hospital  after  his  leg  was  amputated. 
Paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point.  Va..  September  27.  1863.  Retired  to  In- 
valid Corps  October  7,  1864  and  stationed  at  Charlotte.  Paroled  at  Greensboro 
May  16.  1865. 

MASON,  GEORGE  WASHINGTON,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  and  re- 
sided as  a  carpenter  prior  to  enlistment  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  33.  June  21, 
1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va..  November  7.  1863 
and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  where  he  joined  the  U.  S.  service  January 
22.  1864.  Mustered  into  Companv  -\.  1st  Regiment  U.  S.  Volunteers  at  Norfolk. 
\'a..  Mav  1,  1864  for  three  years.  .Appointed  Corporal  May  2.  1864  and  reduced 
to  ranks  Mav  22.  1864.  Mustered  out  at  Fort  Leavenworth.  Kansas.  May  10.  1866. 

MATHIS,  ^VLlXLiM  BEDFORD,  Private.  Born  in  .\lamance  County  ivhere  he 
resided  as  a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  19.  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Captured 
at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a..  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out. Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point,  Savannah  River.  Ga., 
November  15.  1864.  Captured  near  Petersburg.  Va..  March  25.  1865  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  May 
13.   1865. 

MA\'N-\RD,  JOHN  H.,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  Countv  at  age  25,  March 
1.  1862  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Sergeant  May  1- 
October  31,  1862.  \Vounded  at  Gettysburg.  Pa..  Julv  1.  1863  and  died  of  wound 
July  4.  1863. 

Mc.\D.\MS,  .4LVIS,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  26.  June  21.  1861 
for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Regimental  Musician  March 
15.  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va..  November  7.  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing. 
Va.,   March    16.   1865.  Paroled   at   Greensboro   May    16.    1865. 

Mc-\D,\MS,  ELI.  Private.  Born  in  .\lamance  County  ivhere  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  at  age  44.  June  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Detailed  in  Brigade  Coin- 
raissai-\-  Department  December  IS.  1862  and  discharged  upon  furnishing 
substitute. 

McADAMS,  J.,  Private.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7, 
1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Venus   Point.  Savannah   River.  Ga..   November   15.   1864. 

Mc.\D-4MS,  JOHN  T.,  Private.  Born  in  .\lamance  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  38.  June  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rap- 
pahannock Station.  Va..  November  7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.. 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  March  14.  1865.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  18, 
1865. 

McCULLOCH,  R.  \V.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  6.  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court   House.  \a..  .April  9,   1865. 

McGALLARD,  H.,  Private.  Conscripted  in  Burke  County  September  22.  1862 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va..  November  7.  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookoiu.  Md..  until  paioled  and  exchanged  at  .Viken's  Land- 
ing. \'a..  February  25— March  3.  1865.  Captured  in  hospital  at  Richmond.  \'a., 
-April  3.   1865  and  retained  for  treatment. 

.McG-\LLARJ>,  JOHN,  Private.  Conscripted  in  Burke  Countv  September  22.  1862 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7.  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  tmtil  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Land- 
ing, Va.,  Februarv  25— March  3.  1865.  Furloughed  from  hospital  at  Richmond. 
Va..  for  thirty  davs  March  6.  ISGj. 


444  The  Bloody  Sixth 

MEADOWS,  BROADY,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kiiiston  March  15,  1864  for  the  war. 
Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  May  27,  1864,  wounded,  and  returned 
to  duty  June  3,  1864.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April  9,  1865. 

MEADOWS,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Resided  in  Granville  County  and  enlisted  in 
Henrico  County,  Va.,  June  5,  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Farmville,  Va., 
April  6,  1865  and  confined  at  Newport  News,  Va..  until  released  after  taking 
Oath  of  Allegiance  June  15,  1865.  .-Xdmitted  to  hospital  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va., 
June   15,   1865   where  he  died   June    18.    1865   of  chronic   diarrhea. 

MERRIT,  JOHN  T.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  March  1,  1862  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .\iken's  Landing, 
Va.,  March   16.   1865.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May   12.   1865. 

MILES,  GEORGE,  Private.  Resided  m  Orange  Countv  and  enlisted  at  Raleigh 
October  2,  1863  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in  Company  E.  Mallett's  Bat- 
talion Camp  Guard  but  assigned  to  Company  K.  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops 
about  March  1,  1864.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  \'a..  March  25.  1865  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance 
June  29,  1865. 

MINNIS,  ALLEN,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  35.  March  1.  1862 
for  the  war.  Died  at  ."Ashland.  Va.,  April   15,   1862  of  disease. 

MITCHELL,  ANDERSON  L.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .\lamance  County  March  1, 
1863  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at 
Greensboro  May   16.   1865. 

MOONEY,  JACOB  B.,  Private.  Conscripted  in  Burke  County  September  22.  1862 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappaliannock  Station,  \'a..  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Boulware's 
AVharf,  James  River.  Va..  January  21,  1865.  Stationed  at  Camp  Lee,  near  Rich- 
mond. Va..  after  exchanged. 

MOORE,   ELI   M.,   Private.     Enlisted    in   .-Mamance    County   at    age    17,    March    1, 

1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Mt.  Jackson,  Va..  Januan'  18.  1863  of  chronic  bronchitis. 

MOORE,  HARRISON,  Private.  Born  in  ,\lamance  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  20.  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Killed  at  Fredericks- 
burg, Va.,   December   14.    1862. 

MOORE,  SOLOMON,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  26.  June  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Mortally  wounded 
at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September   17,   1862. 

MURRAY,  ALCEY  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  March  1.  1862  for 
the  war.  Wounded  and  captured  in  Maryland  September  14-17,  1862.  Died  in 
hospital  at  Camp  Curtain,  near  Harrisbiug.  Pa..  January   1.   1863  of  variola. 

MURRAY,  BEDFORD,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  18.  October 
24.    1863   for   the   war.   Captured    at    Rappahannock    Station.   Va.,    November    7, 

1863  and    confined    at    Point    Lookout,    Md.,    until    paroled    and    exchanged    at 
Aiken's  Landing,  Va..  March   16.   1865.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May   12,  1865. 

MURRAY,  JAMES  MACON,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided 
as   a   farmer   and  enlisted   at   age   19,  June  21,    1861    for   the   war.   Wounded   at 


Roster  445 

Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  3,  1863.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  .Station.  Va.,  No- 
vember 7.  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.  Reported  dead  of  chronic 
dysentery  Februai-y  19.  1865  and  also  as  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's 
Landing,  Va.,  March   16.   1865.   Paroled  at   Greensboro   May   12,   1865. 

MURRAY,  MADISON,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  41,  June 
21.  1861  for  the  war.  Missing  in  action  at  Rappahannock  Station.  \'a..  November 
7,  1863. 

NORWOOD,  J.\MES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  15,  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court   House.  Va.,  April  9,   1865. 

OVERBY,  WILLIAM  C,  Private.  Resided  in  Granville  County  where  he  enlisted 
at  age  28.  April  26.  1861  for  the  war.  Originally  enlisted  in  Company  B.  12th 
Regiment  N.  C.  Troops  (2nd  Regiment  N.  C.  \'olunteers).  \Vounded  at  Get- 
tysburg.  Pa..   July   1-3.    1863   and   captured   in   hospital   at   Gettysburg  July   4-5, 

1863.  Confined  at  DeCamp  General  Hospital.  David's  Island.  X.  Y.  Harbor, 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  City  Point,  Va.,  September  16,  1863.  Detailed 
under   Enrolling   Officer   February   23.    1864.   Returned    to   company   October    1, 

1864.  Transferred  to  Company  K.  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  November 
15.  1864.  Captured  at  Farmville.  Va..  .April  6,  1865  and  confined  at  Newport 
News.  \'a.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  Allegiance  June  26,   1865. 

PALMER,  HARRISON,  Private.  Resided  in  Alamance  County  and  conscripted 
March  2.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  near  Harpers  Ferry,  W.  Va.,  July  10, 
1864  and  confined  at  Elmira,  N.  Y..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Alle- 
giance May   15,  1865. 

PICKETT,  JAMES,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  37.  March  26, 
1863  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond.  \'a..  May  24.   1862  of  typhoid  fever. 

PITT.4RD,  GEORGE  W.,  Private.  Born  in  Person  County.  Paroled  at  age  41  at 
Appomattox   Court   House,   \'a.,  .April  9.    1865. 

PITTARD,  J.AMES  M.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  15,  1864  for  the  war. 
Wounded  and  captured  at  Cedar  Creek,  Va..  October  19,  1864  and  confined  at 
■West's  Building  Hospital.  Baltimore,  Md.,  where  he  died  of  wound  November 
10,  1864, 

QUALLS,  CHARLES  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  20,  June  21,  1861  for  the  war. 
Missing  in  action  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September   17,   1862. 

QUALLS,  RICHARD,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  15,  1864  for  the  war. 
Captured  at  Fisher's  Hill,  \'a.,  September  22,  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Look- 
out, Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Coxes  Landing,  James  River,  Va„ 
February   14-15,   1865.  .Admitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va,,  after  exchanged, 

RAMSEY,  ^VILLLAM  R.,  Private.  Resided  in  Burke  County  \vhere  he  was  con- 
scripted September  22,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  in  Burke  County  .April  13,  1864 
of  disease. 

RASCOE,  JOHN  FRANKLIN,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  and  resided  as 
a  fanner  prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  18.  June  21.  1861  for 
the  war.  -Appointed  Corporal  the  same  day.  Reduced  to  ranks  upon  discharge 
at  Richmcnd.  Va..  July  24,  1862  by  reason  of  chronic  gastroenteritis. 

R.4SCOE,  ■\\TLLIAM  A.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  20.  June  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Killed  in  action 
at  Fredericksbing.  A'a..  December  14.  1862. 


446  The  Bloody  Sixth 

RAY,  THOMAS  L.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  39.  June  21,  1861  for  the  war. 
Present  or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court 
House,  Va.,  .-iipril  9,  1865. 

RHINEHART,  F.,  Private.  Born  in  Haywood  County  and  enlisted  at  Kinston 
at  age  45,  March  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through 
Januai"y  1865. 

RICE,  WILLIAM,  Private.  Mortally  wounded  in  action  at  Cedar  Creek,  \a..  Octo- 
ber 19,  1864. 

ROBBISON,  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  1,  1864  for  the  war.  ,\bsent 
sick  -August  20  through  December  1864. 

ROBERSON,  G.,  Private.  .Appears  on  September  15-October  31,  1864  Muster  Roll 
as  "absent  sick." 

ROBERTS,  ANDERSON,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  24,  June  21,  1861  for  the 
war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17,  1862.  Retired  to  Invalid 
Corps  January   13,   1865.  Paroled  at  Greensboro  May   13,   1865. 

ROBERTSON,  J.  S.,  Private.  Conscripted  and  attached  to  Company  A,  Mallett's 
Battalion  Camp  Guard  until  assigned  to  Company  K,  6th  Regiment  N.  C.  State 
Troops  about  March  1,   1864.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  .August   1864. 

ROGERS,  JAMES  H.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  18.  March  1.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  home  in 
Alamance  County  October  20-21.   1862  of  "disease  of   the  lungs." 

ROGERS,  THOMAS  JEFFERSON,  Private.  Resided  in  Haywood  County  and 
conscripted  and  assigned  to  C<inipany  K.  6th  Regiment  X.  C.  State  Troops  about 
.April  1864.  Captured  at  Strasburg.  Va.,  October  19,  1864  and  confined  at  Point 
Lookout,  Md..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  17,   1865. 

RYNEHEART,  ALFRED,  Private.  Conscripted  in  Burke  County  September  22. 
1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Gordonsville,  Va.,  November  22,  1862  of  typhoid  fever. 

SCOTT,  THOMAS,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
and  enlisted  at  age  25,  March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Greenwood  Station, 
Va.,  July   14,   1862  of  typhoid  pneumonia. 

SCOTT,  WILLIAM  R.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  20,  March  1.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Greenwood 
Station,  Va.,  July   16.   1862  of  typhoid  pneumonia. 

SHANKLIN,  ELMORE  M.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  in  .Alamance  Countv  where  he  enlisted  at  age  19,  June  21,  1861  for  the 
war.  Died  at  Camp  Hill.  A'a..  October  26,  1861  of  typhoid  fever. 

SHAW,  JOHN,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  6.  1864  for  the  war.  'Wounded 
at  Plymouth  .April  18.  1864.  .Absent  wounded  through  December  1864.  Paroled 
at  Greensboro  May  13.  1865. 

SHAW,  JOSEPH  M.,  Private.  Resided  in  .Alamance  County  and  enlisted  at 
Kinston  March  6.  1864  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted  for  through  Decem- 
ber 1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court   House.  Va.,  .April  9,   1865. 


Roster  447 

SHIELDS,  K.,  Private.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1-3,  1863  and  captured 
July  4,  1863.  Died  in  hospital  at  Chester,  Pa.,  July  29,  1863  after  left  leg 
amputated. 

SIMPSON,  CHESLEV,  Corporal.  Enlisted  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  21.  June  21, 
1861  for  the  war.  .Mustered  in  as  Private  and  appointed  Corporal  May— June 
1862.  Killed  in  action  at  Battle  of  Second  Manassas  .\ugust  30,   1862. 

SIMPSON,  GEORGE  W.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  shoemaker  and  enlisted  at  age  37.  March  1.  1862  for  the  war.  ^Vounded  at 
Malvern  Hill.  \'a..  Julv  1.  1862  causing  amputation  of  left  arm.  .\bsent  wounded 
until   retired    to    Invalid   Corps    March    3,    1865. 

SIMPSON,  MARTIN  VAN  BUREN,  1st  Sergeant.  Born  in  .\lamance  County  where 
he  resided  as  a  fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  18,  June  21.  1861  for  the  war.  .Ap- 
pointed Corporal  the  same  day.  Promoted  to  Sergeant  .\pril  1,  1862  and  to  1st 
Sergeant  .March-.\pril  1863.  \\'ounded  at  Chancellorsville,  \'a.,  May  4,  1863  and 
died  of  wound  in  North   Carolina  September  5,   1863. 

SMITH,  WILLIAM  J.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  fanner 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  36,  June  21,  1861  for  the  war. 
Died   at   Fredericksburg.   Va..   March   22,    1863   of   fever. 

SQUIRES,  JAMES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  6,  1864  for  the  war.  Present 
or  accounted  for  through  December  1864.  Paroled  at  Appomatto.x  Court  House, 
Va..  April  9.   1865. 

SQUIRES,  THOMAS  F.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  20.  June  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Missing  in  action 
at   Sharpsburg,   Md.,   September    17,    1862. 

STEPHENSON,  G.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  .March  1.  1864  for  the  war.  .Absent 
sick  from  April  13  through  December  1864. 

STEVENSON,  JAMES  L.,  Private.  Conscripted  and  assigned  to  Company  K,  6th 
Regiment  N.  C.  State  Troops  about  .April  1864.  Furloughed  from  hospital  at 
Charlotte  September  13,  1864. 

TALLANT,  DAVID,  Private.  Conscripted  in  Burke  County  September  22,  1862 
for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Chancellorsville.  Va..  May  4,  1863.  Absent  sick  Septem- 
ber 14,  1863  through  December  1864. 

TARPLEY,  WILLIAM  A.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  24,  June 
21,  1861  for  the  war.  .Appointed  Sergeant  the  same  day.  Promoted  to  1st 
Sergeant  July  29,  1861  and  reduced  to  ranks  March  1.  1863.  Captured  at  Rap- 
pahannock Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Mel., 
until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  March  16,  1865. 

TATE,  W.  P.,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a  fanner 
and  enlisted  at  age  19,  March  1.  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond,  Va..  May 
15,  1862  of  rubeola  and  buried  in  Hollywood  Cemetery,  Richmond,  May  16, 
1862. 

TATE,  W.  S.,  Private.  Resided  in  .Alamance  County  and  enlisted  at  Kinston  March 
6.  1864  for  the  war.  Captured  at  Fannxille.  \'a..  .April  6.  1865  and  confined  at 
Newport  News.  \'a..  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  25.  1865. 

THOM.AS,  J.AMES,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  15,  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled   at   .Appomattox    Court    House.   Va.,   .April   9,    1865. 


448  The  Bloodv  Sixth 

THOMAS,  LEVI,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer  prior 
to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  23,  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Killed 
at  Seven  Pines,  Va.,  May  31,  1862. 

TURNER,  JAMES  HEINRY,  Private.  Born  in  Caswell  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  32,  June  21,  1861  for 
the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  con- 
fined at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing, 
Va.,   May   8,    1864.   Present   or   accounted   for   through    December   1864. 

VESS,  A.  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Wounded  at 
Fishers  Hill.  \'a.,  September  22.  1864.  Absent  wounded  through  December  1864. 

VINCENT,  JOHN  T.,  Sergeant.  Boin  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  18,  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  .Appointed  Corporal 
the  same  dav.  Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa..  July  2,  1863.  Promoted  to  Sergeant 
August  1.  1863.  Discharged  at  Camp  Godwin.  Va..  February  1,  1865  by  reason 
of  "gunshot  wound  through  the  shoulder  and  ankylosis  of  the  joint." 

WALKER,  HENRY,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  March  6,  1864  for  the  war. 
Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House,  Va.,  April  9,   1865. 

WALKER,  JACOB,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  30,  June  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Detached  as  guard 
at  Winder  Hospital,  Richmond,  Va.,  September  19,  1862  through  February 
1864.  Captured  near  Petersburg,  Va..  March  25,  1865  and  confined  at  Point 
Lookout.  Md.,  until  released  after  taking  Oath  of  .Allegiance  June  22,  1865. 

WALKER,  JOHN  KERR,  1st  Sergeant.  Resided  as  a  farmer  in  .Alamance  County 
where  he  enlisted  at  age  17,  June  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private 
and  appointed  Corporal  October  1,  1862  and  promoted  to  Sergeant  March  1, 
1863.  Promoted  to  1st  Sergeant  September  15-October  31.  1864.  .Admitted  to 
hospital  at  Richmond,  Va.,  March  31,  1865,  wounded,  and  captured  in  hospital 
April  3,  1865. 

WALKER,  ROBERT  LAFAYETTE,  Sergeant.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at 
age  19,  March  1,  1862  for  the  war.  Mustered  in  as  Private.  Wounded  at  Sharps- 
burg,  Md.,  September  17,  1862.  .Appointed  Corporal  December  1,  1862  and 
promoted  to  Sergeant  November-December  1864.  Paroled  at  Appomattox  Court 
House,  Va.,  .April  9,  1865. 

WALKER,  WILLIAM  J„  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  June  21,  1863 
for  the  war.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Va..  November  7,  1863  and 
confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md..  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  Venus  Point, 
Savannah  River,  Ga.,  November  15,  1864.  Paroled  at  .Appomattox  Court  House, 
Va.,  April  9,  1865. 

WARD,  J.ACOB,  Private.  Boin  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a  mechanic 
and  enlisted  at  age  48,  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Discharged  .August  6,  1861 
by  reason   of   disability. 

WARD,  SAMUEL,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer  prior 
to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  28,  June  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Deserted 
September  20,    1861.   Paroled   at   Greensboro   May   12,    1865. 

W.ARREN,  HENRY,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  29,  June  21.  1861  for  the  war. 
Died  at  Richmond,  \'a.,  Febiuary  24,   1863  of  typhoid  pneumonia. 


Roster  449 

WATSON,  GEORGE  W.,  Private.  Bom  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a  fanner 
prior  to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  20.  June  21.  1861  for  the  war. 
Wounded  at  Malvern  Hill.  Va..  July  1.  1862.  Captured  at  Rappahannock  Station, 
Va.,  November  7,  1863  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  where  he  joined  the 
U.  S.  sen'ice  Januarv  23.  1864.  Mustered  into  Company  A.  1st  Regiment  U.  S. 
Volunteers  at  Norfolk.  \a..  May  1.  1864  for  three  years.  Deserted  at  Fort 
Leavenworth,  Kansas.  October  30.  1865.  Charge  of  desertion  removed  and  dis- 
charge prepared  Julv   11,   1908   to   take  effect   as  of   October  30,   1865. 

AVESTBROOKS,  D.WID  R.,  Private.     Born  in  .\lamance  County  where  he  resided 
.  as  a   farmer  and   enlisted   at   age  23.  June  21.    1861    for   the  war.   Captured   at 

1  Fisher's  Hill,  Ya.,  September  22.  1864  and  confined  at  Point  Lookout.  Md..  until 

released  after  taking  Oath   of  Allegiance  May   15.    1865. 

WESTBROOKS,  JAMES,  Private.  Enlisted  in  Alamance  County  at  age  34,  March 
1,  1862  for  the  war.  Discharged  at  Danville,  Va.,  June  3,  1862  by  reason  of 
phthisis  pulmonalis. 

WESTBROOKS,   THOMAS   JOHNSTON,    Private.     Born    in    Caswell   County    and 
I  resided  as  a   farmer  prior   to  enlistment   in   .Alamance  County   at   age   19.   June 

t  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Sharpsburg.  Md..  September  17,  1862.  Absent 

without  leave  after  June  11,   1863. 

WHITE,  A.  J.,  Private.  Enlisted  at  Kinston  Afarch  15.  1864  for  the  war.  .'\bsent 
sick   from   April    13   through   December    1864. 

WHITE,  STEPHEN  A.,  Private.  Conscripted  and  assigned  about  .April  1864. 
Detailed  to  hospital  at  Raleigh  February  3.  1865  by  reason  of  his  suffering  from 
congenital  myopia.  Captured  at  Raleigh  .April  13.  1865  and  paroled  May  6,  1865. 

WHITENER,  LEVI,  Private.  Conscripted  in  Burke  County  September  22.  1862 
for  the  war.  Died  at  Staunton,  Va..  .August  28.   1863  of  typhoid  fever. 

WILLIAMS,  A.  J.,  Private.  Resided  in  Havwood  Count\  and  conscripted  at  Kins- 
ton  March  1,  1864  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Plymouth  .April  20,  1864  and  fur- 
loughed.  Took  Oath  of  .Allegiance  at  Louisville,  Kv..  February  21,  1865  and 
sent  north  of  the  Ohio  River. 

WILLIAMS,  BEDFORD,  Private.  Born  in  -Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  18.  March  I,  1862  for  the  war.  Died  at  Richmond, 
Va..  December  7-8,  1862  of  "anasarca  with  diphtheria." 

WILLIAMS,  MARSHALL,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  and  resided  as  a 
farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  20,  June  21.  1861  for  the 
war.  Captured  at  Seven  Pines,  Va..  May  31.  1862  and  confined  at  Fort  Delaware, 
Del.,  until  paroled  and  exchanged  at  .Aiken's  Landing.  \'a.,  August  5.  1862. 

WILSON,  ROBERT  THOMAS,  Private.  Born  in  .Alamance  County  where  he  re- 
sided and  enlisted  at  age  20,  June  21.  1861  for  the  war.  Present  or  accounted 
for  through   December   1864.  Paroled  at   Burkeville.  \'a..  .April   14-17,   1865. 

WOLF,  G.ASTON  D.,  Private.  Enlisted  in  .Alamance  County  at  age  23.  June  21, 
1861  for  the  war.  .Absent  without  leave  June  11,  1863  through  October  1864. 
Paroled  at  Greensboro  May  22.   1865. 

WOLF,  JOHN  A.,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted  in  .Alamance 
County  at  age  25.  .March  1.  1862  lor  the  war.  .Absent  without  leave  June  11, 
1863  through  October  1864.  Died  a:  Richmond.  \a..  December  3,  1864  of  "con- 
gestis  cerebri." 


450  The  Bloody  Sixth 

WOLF,  ROWAN,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided  as  a  farmer 
prior  to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  19,  June  21.  1861  for  the  war. 
Died   at   Camp   Fisher,  Va..   March    1,   1862   of  fever. 

^VORKMAN,  HENRY  JAMES,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  County  where  he  resided 
as  a  farmer  prior  to  enlistment  in  Alamance  County  at  age  23.  June  21,  1861 
for  the  war.  Died  at  Camp  Fisher.  Va..  January  10.  1862  of  "purpura  hemorrh- 
age." 

WORKMAN,  J.  H.,  Private.  Born  in  Orange  Countv  and  resided  as  a  fanner 
prior  to  enlistment  in  .\lamance  County  at  age  23,  June  21.  1861  for  the  war. 
Discharged  at  Camp  Fisher,  \'a.,   February  28.   1862  by   reason  of  anemia. 

WORKMAN,  J.  H.,  Private.  Resided  in  Orange  County  and  enlisted  at  New 
Market.  \'a..  November  18.  1864  for  the  war.  .\dmitted  to  hospital  at  Richmond, 

.  Va..  March  26.  1865.  wounded,  and  captured  in  hospital  April  3.  1865.  Trans- 
ferred to  hospital  at  Point  Lookout.  Md.,  May  6,  1865  and  released  after  tak- 
ing Oath  of  .-Vllegiance  June  26,   1865. 

^VYATT,  FREDERICK,  Private.  Born  in  .\lamance  County  where  he  resided  as 
a  farmer  and  enlisted  at  age  31.  June  21,  1861  for  the  war.  Wounded  at  Chancel- 
lorsville.   Va..   May   4.    1863.   Killed   at   Gettysburg.   Pa.,  July    1,    1863. 

Y'OUNGER,  JAMES,  Private.  Born  in  Alamance  County  where  he  resided  as  a 
fanner  and  enlisted  at  age  37,  June  21,  186!  for  the  war.  Detailed  in  Regimental 
Quartennaster  Department  November  1.  1861  as  a  teamster.  .-Accidentally  shot 
and  killed  May  10,  1862. 


INDEX 


Abee,  Ephvaim,  417 
Aber,  Ephvaim 

See:  Abee.  Ephraim,   417 
Abrams,  Charles,  402 
Ackett,  P.,  336 
Actor.  J.  A.,  434 
Adams.'  Haiiibal  A..  402 
Adams.  John  H.,  434 
Adams.  Reuben,  336 
Adams.  Robert  B.,  385 
Adams.  William  Henr7,  321 
Adcock,  Robert  H.,  305 
1         Albert,  Robert  J.,  369 
Albert.  ^V.  H..  369 
Albert.  William,  369 
Albright.  George  Nicholas,  368 
Albright.  John  D..  369 
Albright.  John  S..  287,  369 
Albright.  W.  M.,  369 
Aldred.  John  B..  402 
Aldridge.  Benjamin  R..  435 
Aldridge.  James  P.,  435 
Aldridge.  James  R.,  402 
Aldridge.  ^\'illiam  J.,  402 
Alexander.  J.  L..  417 
Alexander.  J.  WK,  385 
Alexander,  'Wallace  H.,  285 
Allen.  Bartlev.  386 
Allen.  E.  M.,'  435 
Allen,  G.  F.,  402 
Allen,  H.  C.  435 
Allen,  Henrv  Y.,  435 
Allen.  Joseph,  435 
Allen,  Joseph  Y.,  435 
Allen,  Levi  Walker.  435 
Allen.  Nathaniel  M..  287,  417 
Allen,  R.  \V..  402 
Allen,  T.   F. 

See:  Allen.  G.  P.,  402 
Allen,  William  J.,  305.  435 
Allen,  Wyatt  B.,  416 
Allie,  James  N. 

See:  OUis,  James  N.,  361 
Allie,  Joseph  M. 

See:  OUis,  Joseph  M.,  361 
Allison,  John  Q.,  435 
Allison,  Joseph  C,  305 
Allison.  Lee,  435 
Allison,  Marion  W.,  435 
Allmand,  N.,  351 
Alman,  Joseph  Leonard,   351 


Aired,  John  B. 

See:  Aldred,  John  B..  402 
Alston,  Joseph   O.,  290 
Ainons,  John,  321 
Amsden,  J.  B.,  369 
Anderson,  Creed  M..  351 
Anderson.  John,  305 
Anderson.  Johnson,  435 
Anderson.  Q.  A..  402 
Anderson.  Quintin  T.,  286.  401 
Anderson,   Sumter   T. 

See:  Anderson,  Quintin  T,.  286.  401 
Andrews,  B.  W.,  417 
Andrews,  G.   W. 

See:  Andrews,  W.  G.,  369 
Andrews,  J. 

See:  Andrews.  W.  G.,  369 
Andrews,  J.  L.,  417 
Andrews,  W.  G..  369 
Ansley,  J.   D. 

See':  Ausley,  Joseph   D.,  418 
Anthony,  George  ^V.,  369 
Armfield.  Nathaniel  M.,  290 
Ashcraft,  A.  J.,  336 
Ashcrott,  A.  ]. 

See:  Ashcraft,  A.  J.,  336 
Ashley,  Robert,  305 
Asley,  W.  C.  369 
Atwell,  Charles  F..  386 
Ausley,  Joseph  D.,  418 
Austin,  E.,  336 
Autry.  Jasper  A..  336 
Avery.  Alphonso  C,  350 
Avery.  Isaac  E..  283,  350 

B 

Bachelor,  Edmond,   351 
Bachelor.   Henry   C. 

See:  Batclielor,  Henry  C,  305 
Bailey,  Portland,  336 
Bailev,  Sidney  J.,  305 
Bailev,  William,   336 
Bailv!   W.   A. 

See:  Bailev,  William,  336 
Baker,  James  M..  337 
Baker.  Jasper,  337 
Baker,  Joseph,  435 
Baker,  Joseph  N.,  386 
Baker,  Martin,  337 
Ballard,  John  Bedford,  436 
Bancom,  S.  D.  H..  418 
Bangle.  Marcus.  337 


452 


The  Bloody  Sixth 


Bangle,  Phillip,  337 
Bangus,  Elijah 

See:  Bogus,  Elijah,  291 
Bankart,  George 

See:  Bankhart,  George,  290 
Bankert,  George 

See:  Bankhart,  George,  290 
Bankett,  George 

See:  Bankhart,  George,  290 
Bankhart,  George,  290 
Barbee,  Henry  B.,  418 
Barbee,  John  Wesley,  322 
Barbee,  L.  F. 

See:  Barbee,  S.  P.,  418 
Barbee,  Madison,  418 
Barbee,  Mathew,  418 
Barbee,  Mordecai  B.,  417 
Barbee,  Rufus,  418 
Barbee,  S.  F.,  418 
Barbee,  Thomas  C,  418 
Barden,  J.  E.,  290 
Barker.  Joseph  N. 

See:  Baker,  Joseph  N.,  386 
Barker,  Levi,  436 
Barker,  W.,  337 
Barnes,  George  W.,  418 
Barnes,  Ransom, 

See:  Burns,  Ransom,  371 
Barnett,  William,  436 
Earnhardt,  John  C,  386 
Barnhardt,  Julius  A.,  386 
Barnhart,  John   C. 

See:  Barnhardt,  John  C,  386 
Barnhart.  Julius  A. 

See:  Barnhardt,  Julius  A.,  386 
Barnwell,  Henry  M.,  436 
Barnwell,  John  C,  436 
Barringer,  John  P.  M.,  386 
Barton,   Andrew,  436 
Barton,  Eli,  370 
Barton,  George  H.,  436 
Barton,  James  Sidney,  436       - 
Barton.  John,  436 
Barts,  W.  A.,  402 
Bashan,  Eli, 

See:  Barton,  Eh,  370 
Basinger,  Daniel   M.,  386 
Basknight,  \Villiam,  436 
Bason.  George  F.,  286,  370 
Bason,  John  W.,  370 
Bason.  Joseph  H.,  370 
Bassinger,   Daniel   M. 

See:  Basinger,  Daniel  M.,  386 
Batchelor,  Henry  C,  305 
Bates,  George  W.,  352 


Baugus,  Elijah 

See:  Bogus,  Elijah,  291 
Beasle,  James 

See:  Beeson,  James,  370 
Beaiiman,  James  McL. 

See:  Bowman.  James  M.,  291 
Beaver,  John  W.,  352 
Beaver,  R.  H.,  418 
Beaver,  S.  A.,  337 
Beavers,   Charles  E.,  418 
Beavers,  G.  T.,  418 
Beavers.  J.  S.,  418 
Beck.   O.,  386 
Beck,  Peter,  370 
Beckerdite,  J.,  290 
Beckham,  N.  C.,  386 
Beckhorn.  N.  L. 

See:  Beckham,  X.  C.,  386 
Bedsole,  W..  290 
Beeson,  James.  370 
Bell.  Joshua,  386 
Bell,  W.  F.,  291 
Benceni,  Moses  A..  386 
Bennett.  D.  S.,  306 
Berry,  Alexander  L.,  337 
Berry,  Elisha,  337 
Berry,  George  W.,  337,  352 
Bern.  James  D.,  337 
Berrv,   Robert,   306 
Berry.  Sidney  E.,  337 
Berry,  William,  337 
Bevers,  G.  T. 

See:  Beavers,  G.  T.,  418 
Bevers,  J.  S. 

See:  Beavers,  J.  S.,  418 
Bevins,  Michael 

See:  Bivens,  Michael,  370 
Bickerdite,  J. 

See:  Beckerdite,  J.,  290 
Bickers,  William  A.,  286 
Bird,  George  M.,  436 
Bird,  John  W. 

See:  Byrd.  John  W.,  437 
Bird.  Lace 

See:  Byrd.  Lace,  353 
Bird.  William  A.,  436 
Birk.  John  A.,  402 
Bivens.  James  Monroe,  402 
Bi\ens.  Joseph.  370 
Bivens.   Michael,   370 
Blackwelder,  Alexander  W.,  386 
Blackwelder,  Jacob  S..  387 
Blackwvler.  J. 

See:  Blackwelder,  Jacob  S.,  387 
Blair,  J.  M..  352 


Index 


453 


Blakeley,  John  R.,  291 
Blakelv,   James   R. 

Sff-  Blakeley,  John  R..  291 
Blakelv,  Robert  J. 

See;  Blakeley,  John  R.,  291 
Blalock,  A.  J.,  322 
Blalock,  Egbert  N.,  322 
Blalock.  F.  J.,  419 
Blalock,  Lewis  D.  H.,  322 
Blalock,  Martin  V.,  322 
Blalock,  William  D.,  322 
Blalock.  William  Jasper,  322 
Blanchard.  F.  W.,  436 
Blaiiev,  Barney,  291 
Blavlock,  F.  J. 

See:  Blalock,  F.  J..  419 
Blavlock.  M.  V. 

See:  Blalock,  Martin  V.,  322 
Bledsoe,  Alsey  M.,  322 
Bledsoe,  "William  Giles,  322 
Bobbitt,  Green,  306 
Bogus,  Elijah,  291 
Boldin.  W.  L. 

See:  Bouldin,  ^Vilson  L.,  403 
Boles,  Albert,  291 
Bolick,   Abraham,    337 
Bolick,  B.  D.,  337 
Boon.  J..  291 
Boone,  James  M.,  332 
Boone,  John  P.,  352 
Boone,  Joseph,  352 
Boone.  J.  Robert  352 
Boone.  Robert  J. 

See:   Boone,   J.   Robert,   352 
Boothe,  John  A.,  419 
Boothe,  \Villiam  T.,  419 
Borrow,  Cliarles 

See:  Bmrow,  Charles  W' 
Bost.  Leander  S.,  338,  352 
Bostain,  G.  \V. 

See:  Bostian,  George  W. 
Boster,  I.  W. 

See:  Bostian,  George  W 
Bostian.  George  W.,  387 
Bostian.  John  Allison,  387 
Bostick.  J.  W.,  419 
Boston,  George  W. 

See:  Bostian,  George  W.,  387 
Boswell,  Thomas  H..  402 
Boswell.   Thompson 

See:  Boswell.  Thomas  H.,  402 
Bougus,  Elijah 

See:  Bogus,   Elijah,  291 
Bouldin.  Martin  V.  B.,  403 
Bouldin,  \Vilson   L.,  403 
Bowden,  John,  338 


292 


387 


Bowline,  M.  V.  B. 

See:  Bouldin,  Martin  \'.  B.,  403 
Bowline.  W.  L. 

See:  Bouldin,  Wilson  L.,  403 
Bowman,  David,  338 
Bowman,  James  M.,  291 
Bracket,   William,   352 
Bradlv,  B.  N..  403 
Bradshaw.  Charles,  291 
Bradshaw,  Graham  G.,  370 
Bradshaw.  James  N.,  370 
Bradshaw,  James  T.,  370 
Bradshaw,  John.  291 
Brady,  S.  B.,  291 
Brame.   Tignal   H.,  284 
Branch,  Anderson,  352 
Branch.  Charles  A.,  338 
Branch,  Harrison  C,  338 
Branch.  Martin  J.,  338 
Branch,  N'ewton  A.,  338 
Branch.  "Wallace  A.,  338 
Branch.  \ViIliam  S.,   352 
Brankin.  John,  403 
Brannin.  Barnard 

See:    Brennan,    Barney,    291 
Brannon.  Barney 

See:  Brennan,   Barney,  291 
Brantley,  B..  338 
Brassfieid.  Reuben,  322 
Brawley,  James,   387 
Brenkin,  John 

See:  Brankin,  John.  403 
Brennan.  Barney.  291 
Brennen.  Bernard 

See:  Brennan.  Barnev.  291 
Brighton.  \Villiam  M..  352 
Brincefield,  Andrew  J..  403 
Brinefield.  A.  J. 

See:  Brincefield.  Andrew  J..  403 
Bringle.  John  C.  387 
Brinkin,  John 

See:  Brankin,  John.  403 
Brinkley.  Ranson,  322 
Brinsfield,  A.  J. 

See:  Brincefield,  Andrew  J..  403 
Brintsfield.  A.  J. 

See:  Brincefield.  Andrew  J..  403 
Britt,  Henry.  419 
Brittain.   Alfred,   338 
Brittain.  John  Q..  338 
Brittain.  Joseph  L.,  338 
Brolly,  James 

See:   Brawley,  James,   387 
Broom,  J.  M.,  338 

Brown,  ,  291 

Brown,  Burton  C,  339 


454 


The  Blood\  Sixth 


Brown,  C.  B. 

See:  Brown,  Burton  C,  339 
Brown,  E.,  322.  419 
Brown,  E.  B.,  339 
Brown,  George  Henry,  387 
Brown,  Henry,  339,  370 
Brown,  JohnM.,  322 
Brown,  John  Moore,  323 
Brown,  John  T.,  291 
Brown,  John  W.,  352 
Brown,  Joseph  C,  353 
Brown,  Joseph  H.,  291 
Brown,  Julius  S.,  291 
Brown,  Samuel  P.,  351 
Brown,  W.  A..  292 
Browning,  Elijah  Cephas,  403 
Browning,  James  L.,  437 
Browning,  Jefferson,  323 
Browning,    Thomas   Franklin,   437 
Browning,  William  H,,  323 
Browning,  William  P.,  437 
Buchanan,  Joseph,  323 
Buchanan,  William,   353 
Buckham,  Joseph 

See:    Buchanan,   Joseph,    323 
Buckham,  N.  C. 

See:  Beckham,  N.  C,  386 
Buckhannen,  Joseph 

See:  Buchanan,  Joseph,  323 
Buckley,  John,  292 
Buckley,  Patrick,  292 
Burde,  Lace 

See:  Byrd,  Lace,  353 
Burgain,  John  M, 

See:  Burgin,  John  M.,  339 
Burgess,  Isaac  W.,  292 
Burgess,  James  R.,  292 
Burgess,  John  M.,  339 
Burgess,  L.  R.,  339 
Burgess,  William,  419 
Burgess,   William   J„   339 
Burgin,  John  M.,  339 
Burk,  .'\bner 

See:  Birk,  John  A.,  402 
Burnes,  Daniel 

See:  Burns,  Daniel,  292 
Binnes,  James  H. 

See:  Burns,  James  H.,  351         ~ 
Burnes,  Stephen 

See:  Burns,  Stephen,  292 
Burns,  Daniel,  292 
Burns.  James  H.,  351 
Burns,  Ransom,  371 
Biuns,  Stephen,  292 
Burrow,  Charles  W.,  292 
Burton,  James  T.,  434 


Burton.  Thomas  A..  403 
Byrd.  George  M. 

See:  Bird,  George  M.,  436 
Byrd,  John  W.,  437 
Byrd,  Lace,  353 
Byrd,  William  A. 

See:  Bird,  William  A.,  436 


Cain,  David,  306 
Caldwell,  Julius  A.,  285 
Campbell,  Allen  C,  403 
Canley,  Joseph  E. 

See:  Conley,  Joseph  E.,  354 
Cannady,  M.,  419 
Cannon,  George  F.,  371 
Cape,  Thomas  R.,  403 
Capps,  H.,  437 
Capps.  Nestus,  419 
Capps.  William,  371 
Carberry,   Patrick 

See:  Carboro,  Patrick,  292 
Carboro,  Patrick,  292 
Garden,  William  Harrison,  323 
Garfield,  Henry  L.,  371 
Carlisle,  J.,   387 

Carlton,  Anderson   Monroe,  419 
Carlton,   John,    339 
Carlton,  John  W.,  323 
Carmon,  G.  F. 

See:  Cannon,  George  F.,  371 
Carnipe,  M. 

See:  Cornipe,  Michael,  388 
Carnipe,  Noah 

See:  Cornipe,  Noah,  388 
Carohle,  P.  A.,  387 
Caron,  William  L. 

See:  Carson,  William  L.,  339 
Carpenter,  Joseph  L.,  353 
Carpenter.  Levi  Turner,  353 
Carrington,  .Arthur  S.,  306 
Carrington,  James,  323 
Carrington,  John,  306 
Carrington,  John   D.,   306 
Carrol,  Andrew  Jackson,  323 
Carroll,  James,  323 
Carroll,  Jeremiah  M.,  371 
Carroll,  John  Gaston,  323 
Carroll,    Levi,   324 
Carroll,  Page,  324 
Carson,  John,  336 
Carson.  ^VilIiam  L.,  339 
Carswell,  A.  D.,  371 
Carswell,  Jasper,  371 
Carswell,  Joseph,  371 
Carswell,  M.  H.,  371 


Index 


455 


Carswell,  \V.  D..  371 
Carswell.  William  R.,  371 
Carter,  J.,  387 
Carter,  Nathan,  371 
Carter,  Robert  N.,  368 
Carter,  \\'.,  371 
Casey,  James,  292 
Casey,  Patrick,  292 
Casfield,  HeniT 

See:  Carfield.  Henr)'  L.,  371 
Cash,  \Villiam,  306 
Cass,   A.,  293 

Castleburv,  Judson  C,  419 
Castlebury,  Madison  Trolinger,  419 
Caswell,  A.  D. 

See:  Carswell,  A.  D.,  371 
Caswell,  Jasper 

See:  Carswell,  Jasper,  371 
Caswell,  J.  H. 

See:  Carswell,  Joseph,  371 
Caswell,  M.  H. 

See:  Carswell,  M.  H.,  371 
Caswell,  ^V.  D. 

See:  Carswell,  \V.  D.,  371 
Caswell,  W.  R. 

See:  Carswell,  ■\Villiara  R.,  371 
Gates,  Abner,  306 
Gates,  H.,  372 
Gates,  Isaiah,  372 
Gates.  John   I.,  306 
Gates,  John  J. 

See:  Gates,  John  I.  306 
Gates,  Stanford,  306 
Gates,  Thomas  M.,  306 
Gates,  Wiley  A.,  306 
Gates,  William  A.,  372 
Gates,  William  F.,  306 
Gates,  W.  M.,  419 
Gatlett,  S.  T.,  339 
Cauble,   Edward,  293 
Cauble,   William   Martin,   387 
Gausby.  Thomas  E. 

See:  Cosby,  Thomas  E.,  340 
Chambers,  Jesse,  293 
Chamblee,   ^Villiam   J.,   324 
Ghapell,  Edward,  419 
Chapell,  Robert,  420 
Ghapell,  Samuel,  420 
Chapman,  Hosea  H.,  353 
Chapman,  J.,  353 
Chapman.  James  H..   353 
Chapman,  J.  C. 

See:  Chatham,  John  C,  403 
Chapman,  John  L.,  353 
Chapman.  Joshua,  293 
Chapman.  Richard,  293 


Ghappell.    Edward,    419 
Chappell,  Elisha 

See:  Chappie,  Elisha,  437 
Chappie,  Elisha.  437 
Charles,  Solomon   Mahlora,  372 
Chatham,  Enoch  \V..  403 
Chatham.  John  C.  403 
Chatham.  William,  403 
Cheek,  Allen  Jasper,  321 
Cheek,  Alvis  H. 

See:  Cheek,  Henr)   A.,  372 
Cheek,  G.  P..  420 
Cheek,   Henry  A..  372 
Cheek,  Julius   M.,  420 
Cheeks.  George  \V.,  437 
Chester,  J.  B.,  339 
Chester,   Sidney  J.,   339 
Chester.  S.  Jones.  339 
Chester.  William  F.,  339 
Ghilders,  J.,  420 
Childers,  James.  307 
Christian.  \Villiam  Jasper.   321 
Christopher,   John   \Vashington,  437 
Clark,  Adam,  307 
Clark,  James,  293 
Glavton,  H.  F..  307 
Clements.  John,  324 
Clements.  J.  W.,  420 
Clements,  \V.  G.,  420 
Clements,  W.  Y..  420 
Glevland,  John,  324 
Cline,  David  A..  339 
Clinton,  ^Villiam  Stephen,   321 
Cloer,  John  A.,  324 
Gloer,  N.,   324 
Cloutz.  John,  420 
Cobble,  Edward 

See:  Cauble,   Edward.   293 
Coble,  Alfred,  372 
Coffev.  C.  Levi,  353 
Coffey,  Joseph  W.,  353 
Cole,  Tilman,  404 
Coleman.   .'Mexander.  404 
Coleman,  Alfred  F.,  339 
Coleman.  James  E.,  404 
Coleman.  Theodore.  339 
Coletrane.  John  W.,  293 
Goletrane.   Leonard   M.,   293 
CoUett,  W.  A..  285 
Collins,  Joseph   L.,  353 
Collins.  Philip   B.,  354 
Coltrane.  Daniel   F..  293 
Coltrane.  John  W. 

See:  Coletrane.  John  ^V.,  293 
Coltrane,   Leonard   M. 

See:  Coletrane,  Leonatd  M.,  293 


456 


The  Bloody  Sixth 


Compton,  Thomas  Y.,  404 
Conley,  Joseph  E.,  354 
Conner,  E.  F.,  437 
Connor,  C.  Augustus.  340 
Connor,  Rowell  P.,  340 
Cook,  Calvin.  340 
Cook,  David.  340 
Cook,  Nehemiah,  437 
Cook.  Thomas,  372 
Cooley,  Thomas  L.,  304 
Coon.  Robert  A.,  340 
Cooper,  ^Vilham,  340 
Cooper,  AVilliam  C,  387 
Cooper,  William  R.,  287 
Copeland.  James  P.,  293 
Copland.  James  P. 

See:  Copeland,  James  P.,  293 
Copley,  Augustus  Potter,  324 
Copley,  James  L..  324 
Cordell.  A..  437 
Corl,  Joseph,  388 
Corn,  R.  A. 

See:  Coon.  Robert  A.,  340 
Cornipe,  Michael,  388 
Cornipe.  Noah.  388 
Correl,  Joseph 

See:  Corl.  Joseph,  388 
Corriher,  Amos  Benton,  388 
Corriher,  Jacob  R.,  388 
Corriher,  ^Vashington  A.,  388 
Cosby,  Thomas  E.,  340 
Cottingham,  Dinwiddle,  307 
Couch,  Cheslev  P.,  307 
Couch.  William,  307 
Covington,  E.  J.,  404 
Covington.  John  E.,  404 
Covington,  William  F.,  401 
Cox.  Elias,  404 
Cox,  Milton  H.,  289 
Cox,  Thomas  N.,  334 
Cox,  William  A.,  354 
Cozart,  James  H.,  287  ^ 

Cozart,  T.  G.,  287 
Crabtree,  Arthur  S.,  307 
Crabtree,  Clement  ^V.,  307 
Crabtree,  Thomas  H.,  372 
Craft.  Thomas  C,  420 
Cragie,  I.  H.,  372 
Craige.  Cletus,  388 
Craige,  James  A.,  384 
Craigie,  Hugh,  372 
Cramer,  James   E. 

See:  Cromer,  James  E.,  307 
Cranch,  Jacob 

See:  Crouch.  Jacob,  307 
Cranford,  Henry  C,  388 


Cranford,  L.,  293 
Crawford,  Levi,  437 
Crawford.  Samuel  J.,  434 
Creedle,  Cyrus  N.,  372 
Cress,  Thomas,  388 
Crocker,  William  R. 

See:  Croker,  William  R.,  293 
Crocker,  Z.  C. 

See:  Croker,  Zebedee  C,  293 
Croker,  Riley 

See:  Croker,  William  R.,  293 
Croker.  William  R.,  293 
Croker,  Zebedee  C.  293 
Cromer,  James  E.,  307 
Crossett,  S.  J.,  294 
Crouch,  Jacob,  307 
Crust,  George.  294 
Crutchfield,  E.  F.,  372 
Crutchfield.  George  P..  372 
Crutchfield,  James  H.,  372 
Curran,  John,  437 
Currie.  David  M.,  287,  404 
Curtis,  .Alexander  G..  340 
Curtis,  Jacob  S.,  340 
Curtis.  J.  Augustus,  340 
Curtis,  John   M.,  294 
Curtis,  W.  L.,  324 
Cutting,  Jonathan,  294 


Dailey.  A.  J. 

See:  Daily,  A.  G.,  438 
Dailey.  George  Graham,  438 
Dailey,  John  Gill,  438 
Dailey,  L.  G.,  438 
Daily,  A.  G.,  438 
Dalby.  A.  G.,  438 
Daley,  J.  F..  438 
Dameron,  W.  A.,  404 
Dancey,  Napthali  L.,  388 
Daniely,  W.  J.,  438 
Darham.  W.  S. 

See:  Durham.  William  S.,  373 
Davidson.  George  W.,  420 
Davis,  Albert,  307 
Davis,  Alexander,  354 
Davis,  Andrew  J.,  354 
Davis,  DeWitt,  307 
Davis,  J.  B.,  341 
Davis,  J.  L.,  404 
Davis,  John,  308 
Davis,  John  Edward,  324 
Davis,  John  H.,  294 
Davis,  John  Ignatius,  285 
Davis,  John  P.,  354 
Davis,  Thomas  L.,  420 


Index 


457 


Davis,  William,  324,  421 
Davis.  'William  A.,  354 
Davis,  AVilliam  T.,  308 
Dawson,  Frank  H.,  287 
Dawson.  John,  324 
Deal,  Sidney,  341 
Dean,  D.  W.,  388 
Dean,  Madison,  373 
Deen,  John  F.,  373 
Deen,  M.  C. 

See:  Dean,  Madison,  373 
Delav,  Robert  John,  294 
Dempsev,  Humphrey,  294 
Dennis,  John  F.,  341 
Denton,  Emanuel,  294 
Denton,  Thomas,  294 
Denton,  WiUiam  A.,  294 
Desern,  Edward,  324 
Deshong.  Martin  V.,  438 
Deshong,  Nathaniel  Polk,  438 
Dickers,  H.,  324 
Dickey,  Egbert  M.,  308 
Dickson,  I. 

See:  Dixon,  J.,  294 
Dickson,  James  Robert,  294 
Dilliard,  W.  H.,  421 
Dillon,  John  J.,  324 
Dillon,  William  F.,  341 
Dixon,  George  F.,  373 
Dixon,  Henry  C,  369 
Dixon,  J.,  294 
Dixon,  James  A.,  373 
Dixon,  James  R. 

See:  Dickson,  James  Robert,  294 
Dixon,  Shelby  H.,  373 
Dobbins,  William,  341 
Dollar,  Thomas,  324 
Dollar,  William  D.,  308 
Donahue.  S.  R. 

See:  Donoho,  Sandy  R.,  404 
Donham,  J.  M. 

See:  Durham,  John  M.,  373 
Donoho.  Sandy  R..  404 
Donovan.  VV'illiam 

See:  Dunnevant,  AVilliam  W.,  405 
Donoway.  J.  J. 

See:  Dunaway,  John  J.,  354 
Dorsett,    Simpson 

See:  Dossett,  Simpson,  325 
Dorsett,  W.,  325 

Dortch,   William   Theophilus,   283 
Dossett,  Simpson.  325 
Douglas.  Elam.  341 
Drake,  H.,  404 
Drake.  John   P..  405 


Duck.  Bushood 

See:  Duke,  Bushrod,  308 
Duckworth,   George,  341 
Duckworth,  Lucius,  341 
Duckworth,  ^Villiam,  341 
Duddy,  Michael,  294 
Duevant,  J.  H. 

See:  Dunnevant,  John  H.,  405 
Duevant,  \V.  W. 

See:  Dunnevant.  William  W.,  405 
Duke,  Bushrod,  308 
Duke,  Nash.  308 
Dunavant,  J.  H. 

See:  Dunnevant.  John  H.,  405 
Dunavant,  Samuel  D.,  354 
Dunavant.  W.  W. 

See:  Dunnevant,  William  AV.,  405 
Dunaway,  John  J.,  354 
Dunnevant.  Abraham.  405 
Dunnevant,  John  H.,  405 
Dunnevant.  AVilliam  W.,  405 
Durham.  John   M.,   373 
Durham,   Robert,   373 
Durham.  ^Villiam  J.  H.,  321.  401 
Durham,  \\'illiam  S.,  373 
Durhand.  J.   M. 

See:  Durham,  John  M.,  373 
Duval,  Eugene  Alexander,  295 


Eagle,  Alexander,   388 
Eagle.  Moses  J..  388 
Earnhardt.  Harvey  B. 

See:    Earnheart.   Harvev    B.   G.,    354, 
389 
Earnhardt,  I. 

See:  Everheart.  J.,  295 
Earnheart,   Harvey   B.   G.,   354,  389 
Edmonds,  J.  H.,  421 
Edmonds,  P..  295 
Edward,  Jacques,  438 
Edward.  Walter 

See:  Edwards.  Walter  E.,  308 
Edwards.  Hannibal,  389 
Edwards,  J..  421 
Edwards.  Theodoric  L.,  389 
Edwards,  \Valter  E.,   308 
Egle,  Alexander 

See:  Eagle,  Alexander.  388 
Filer.  Benjamin.  389 
Elliot,  J.   L.,  295 
Elliott,  James  T.,  295 
Elliott,  Robert  L. 

See:  Elliott,  Roswell  L.,  295 
Elliott,   Roswell   L.,  295 


458 


The  Bloody  Sixth 


Ellis.  B. 

See:  EUer,  Benjamin,  389 
Ellis,  R.  M.,  325 
Ellison,  H.  C,  341 
Ellison,  Lee 

See:  Allison,  Lee,  435 
Emerson,  William,  438 
England,  James,  341 
English,  Charles  H.,  354 
English,  J.  Harvey,  354 
English,  John  J..  354 
English,  John  Samuel,  355 
Enoch,  Reece  H.,  405 
Epley,  Andrew  R.,  295 
Epley,  John,  295 
Epley,  Peter,  295 
Ernhardt,  Harvey  B. 

See:   Earnheart,   Harvey   B.   G.,  354, 
389 
Erwin,  Adolphiis,  355 
Erwin,  Isaac  A.,  355 
Essick,  Ransom.  295 
Etchison,  Daniel,  308 
Eubanks,  C,  421 
Evans,  G.  W.  Haywood,  438 
Evans,  James,  373 
Evans.  John  \V.,  405 
Evans,  Robert,  373 
Evans,  Thomas  L.,  405 
Everhart.  Franklin,  438 
Everheart,  J..  295 
Ezzell,   Henry  E.,  295 


Falkner,  Robert  Henry,  325 
Farley,  T. 

See:  Forlev.  Timothv.  296 
Farrel.  J.  H. 

See:  Ferrill,  John  H..  342 
Faucell,  E.  X. 

See:  Faiicett.   Elmore,   373 
Fancett.  Elijah  Graves,  325 
Faucett.  Elmore,  373 
Faucett,  J.  W..  373 
Faucett,  Levi,  374 
Faucett,  Thomas,  374 
Faucett,  Thomas  R..  374 
Faust,  John  M.,  374 
Faust,  William  M.,  374 
Fawcett,  L. 

See:  Faucett,  Levi,  374 
Fawsett,  Thomas 

See:  Faucett,  Thomas,  374 
Ferrell,  James  T.,  325 
Ferrell,  J.  H. 

See:  Ferrill,  John  H..  342 


Ferrell,  J.  H..  341 
Ferrell,  John  Henry,  341 
Ferrill,  Edward,  341 
Ferrill,  John  H.,  342 
Festerman,  Levi  A.,  389 
Fetch,  George  S. 

See:  Fitch,  George  S.,  405 
Fields.  C.  S.,  295 
Finchman.  A.  J.,  295 
Fishel.   L.,   308 

Fisher,  Charles  Frederick,  283 
Fitch,  Bedford  F.,  374 
Fitch,  George  S.,  405 
Fitch,  John,  405 
Fitch,  William  J.,  438 
Fife,  J.  W..  355 
Fleming.   John.   296 
Fleming,  John  G.  B..  355 
Fleming.  W'ood  W.,  336 
Fole\',  Timothv 

See:  Forlev,  Timothv,  296 
Fonville,  B.  F..  439 
Ford,  L.  D.  H.,  421 
Ford,  Spencer  B.,  405 
Ford,  William,  355 
Forley.  Timothv,  296 
Forrest,  Thomas  J.,  421 
Fortner.  John.  355  ^ 

Fountain.  A..  374 
Foust,  John   M. 

See:  Faust,  John   M..   374 
Fowler.  James  K.,  374 
Fowler,  John,  405 
Fowler,  Thomas  H.,  287 
Franklin,  J.  E.,  308 
Franklin,  John  V.,   308 
Franklin,  Lewis,  308 
Franklin,  Samuel.  309 
Frazer.  John,  439 
Freeland,  Joseph  G.,  374 
Freeland,  Morrison,  374 
Freeland,  William  G. 

See:  Freeland.  William  Johnson.  320 
Freeland,  William  Johnson,  320 
Freeman,  John  C,  355 
Freeman.  Spencer  B..  325 
Freeze.  Caleb.  389 
Freeze.  Michael.  389 
Freeze.  Wiley,  389 
French,  W.  Joseph,  421 
Frick,  Daniel,  389 
Fritts,  Daniel   H..  286,  342 
Fulbright,  George  W.,  439 
Fulbright,  Mike,  439 
Fulp,  J.  W.,  421 
Fulton,  F.  B.,  405 


Index 


459 


Gace,  R.  A. 

See:  Grace,  R.  A.,  421 
Gaffin,  A..  389 
Gainev,  A.  G..  325 
Gallimoie,  Jesse.  296 
Garraid,  Shenvood   H..   325 
Garrison,  Thomas.  406 
Garrison,  William   J.,  439 
Gates,  George  T.,  309 
Gibbons,  .\nderson  G.,  389 
Gibson,  James  H.,  374 
Gibson,  John  A.,  374 
Gibson,  John  W.,  375 
Gibson.  Rayman,  342 
Gibson,  Thomas,  375 
Gibson,  Thomas  E.,  375 
Gilbert,   William   Riley,   325 
Gillespie,  M.,  325 
Glazener,  A.  T.,  309 
Gleason,   William,   296 
Gleen,  George  W. 

See:  Glenn,  George  W.,   309 
Gleeson,  William 

See:  Gleason,  ^Villiam,  296 
Glenn,  Allison  Skidmore,  325 
Glenn,  George  ^V.,  309 
Glenn,  H.  Coslett,  325 
Glenn,  Vinyard  Colvin,  325 
Glenn,  William,   309 
Glidewell,  Zachariah.  406 
Glimps,  James  L.,  326 
Goble.  John  G.,  296 
Gooch,   McKinsey,   309 
Gooch,  W.  T.,  309 
Good,  William  C.,  355 
Gordon,  C.  G.,  439 
Gordon,  S.,  309 
Gorral,  James  G.,  296 
Goirell,  James  G. 

See:  Gorral,  James  G.,  296 
Grace,  R.  A.,  421 
Grade,  John  G.,  421 
Gragg,  Alajor,  355 
Graham,  Albert,  439 
Graham,  E.,  296 
Graham,  John  C.  O.,  389 
Graham,  Richard  F.,  390 
Graham,  Robert  Mabane,  439 
Graham,  William,  439 
Green,  Fortune,  390 
Green,  P.  G.,  421 
Green,  Robert  P.,  355 
Greenlee,  A.  S.,  355.  390 
GregoiT,  William,  326 


Gresham.  William  T..  321 
Griffin.  James  R..  296 
Grimstead.   Zorable   R. 

See:  Grinstead.  Z.  R..  406 
Grinstead,  Joseph  S..  439 
Grinstead.  Thomas  Eli,  439 
Grinstead.  Z.  R.,  406 
Grisham.  \\'illiam  T. 

See:  Gresham,  William  T.,  321 
Grissom,  G.  K..  422 
Gross,  Jacob.  296 
Guess.  William   G..  320 
Guffv,  ^V.,  326 
Guilbert,  ^\'illiara  R. 

See:  Gilbert,  ^VilUam  Rilev,  325 
Gullet,  Andrew  J.,  390 
Gunter,  Demetrius  C.,  417 

H 

Hachell.  Sam 

See:   Hatchel,  .Samuel,   440 
Hackett.  Patrick.  342 
Hnilev.  Thomas  R..  326 
Hailev.  'William   Per\is.  326 
Hall,  Charles,  326 
Hall,  James,  390 
Hall,  James  D..  296 
Hall,  James  Harrison,  439 
Hall.  James  T..  326 
Hall,  William   A..  439 
Hallman,  C.  H.,  422 
Halloway.  James  W. 

See:  HoUoway,  James,  327 
Halmon,  H.  F. 

See:  Holeman.  Henry  T.,  310 
Hamilton,  Joseph  .A„  375 
Hampton,  James  C.,  309 
Hannah,  Rody,  296 
Hannah,  \Villiam  D. 

See:  Hanner,  William  D.,  296 
Hanner,  J.  H.,  406 
Hanner,  \Villiam  D..  296 
Harbin.  Milton  G.,  342 
Hardin.   Doctor  Z..  289 
Hardv.  J..   390 
Hardy.  John   Geddings,  285 
Harrelson,    \Villiamson,    406 
Harris,  Durrell   L.,   309 
Harris.  E.  Sterling.  406 
Harris,  Henry  S..  309 
Harris.  James 

See:  Harris,  Joseph,  439 
Harris,  John.  356 
Harris.  Joseph,  439 
Harris.  Sandv  G..  309 
Harris,  ■William,  326 


460 


The  Bloody  Sixth 


Hart,  John.  439 
Hart,  William  J.,  440 
Hart,  Wyatt,  440 
Harward'.  G.  ^V.,  422 
Hatch.  Foster  A.,  375 
Hatchel,  Samuel,  440 
Hatchell,  David.  440 
Hauk,  Leander 

See:  Houke,  Leander,  297 
Haveny,  J.  H.,  390 
Hawkins,   Ephraim.  406 
Hawkins,  H.  B.,  296 
Hayes,  Jesse.  440 
Harell,  Alfred  Shut,  440 
Hazle,  James  C,  440 
Hazle,  W.  H.,  440 
Hearn,  George,  390 
Heath,  G.  B..  326 
Hebner,  J.  H.,  390 
Hedgecock,  Solomon 

See:   Hitchcock.  Solomon,  297 
Hefferman.  Michael  E.,  297 
Heiley,  J.  F. 

See:  Heilig.  John  F.,  390 
Heilig,  E.,  390 
Heilig,  John  F.,  390 
Hemphill,  John,  297 
Henderson,  C.  A.,  285 
Henderson,  H.  S.,  309 
Henderson,  James  .\.,  309 
Hendrick.  John,  406 
Henry,  Thomas  B.,  309 
Henshaw,  Mabin,  310 
Henslev,  .\ddison  G.,  406 
Hensley,  James,  406 
Hensley,  Sidney  T.,  406 
Hepps,  James  A. 

See:  Hipps,  James  A.,  356 
Hering,  A.  M.,  297 
Herndon.  Alvin  M.,  326 
Herndon,  A.  M.,  422 
Herndon,  A.  S.,  422  ^ 

Herndon,  Elbert,  422 
Herndon,    Manassas,    422 
Herndon,  Matcharine  C.,  326 
Herndon,  AVilliam  Henr)'  H.,  326 
Herndon,  Zacariah,  326 
Herring,  Henrv,  375 
Hess.  John.  391 
Hessie,  Marion.  440 
Hester,  Nathaniel  W.,  406 
Hester,  William  H.,  406 
Hewit.   Henry,  342 
Hicks.  Alexander,  440 
Hicks,  James,  327 
Hicks,  Joseph,  440 


Hicks,  Kincheon,  327 
Hicks,  W.  D.,  327 
Highfill.  J.  F..  356 
Hildebrand.  D.  Alburto,  342 
Hildebrand,  Julius,  342 
Hilderbran,  A.  D.,  375 
Hilderbrand,  A.  D. 

See:  Hilderbran,  A.  D.,  375 
Hilderbrand,  D.  A. 

See:    Hildebrand.   D.  Alburto,   342 
Hilderbrand,  Julius 

See:  Hildebrand.  Julius,  342 
Hildreth,  Marshall,  310 
Hill.  Samuel  P..  401 
Hinele.  D.,  297 
Hinton.  Sidney  .\.,  422 
Hipps,  James  .\.,  356 
Hitchcock.  Solomon,  297 
Hobbs,  William,  375 
Hobson,  I.,   342 
Hodge,  John.   375 
Hoekins,  H.  B..  297 
Hoffener.  ^Villiam,  391 
Hoke,  Leander 

See:  Houke,  Leander,  297 
Holcomb,  M.  J.,  422 
Holder,  David  U.,  297 
Holder,  Jesse,  342.  356 
Holder,  Lemuel,  422 
Holder.  Simeon,  356 
Holderby,  J.  S..  407 
Holeman,  C.  S.,  422 
Holeman,  Henn-  T.,  310 
Holeman,  S.  J.,  422 
Holland,  David,  327 
Holland.  H.  A.,  297 
Holland,  John,  422 
Holland.  William,  422 
HoUis,  W.  H.,  356 
Holloway,  James,  327 
Holloway,  John  N.,  327 
Holloway,  Kinchen,  288,  327 
Holloway.  \Villiam  J.,  327 
Holmes,  Anderson 

See:  Homer,  Anderson,  376 
Holt,  Alexander,  375 
Holt,  Granville  Simpson,  440 
Holt,  James  A..  391 
Holt,  Linn  B.,  375 
Holt,  Michael,  327 
Holt,  Mitchell,  441 
Holt,  Pleasant  A.,  285 
Holt,  Simon  B. 

See:  Holt,   Linn   B.,   375 
Homer,  Thomas 

See:  Horner,  Thomas,  441 


Index 


461 


Honeycutt,  ^Villiam  B..  356 
Hood',  J.,  297 
Hooper,  Nathaniel,  407 
Hooper,  Thomas,  407 
Hopkins,  James  P.,  310 
Horn,  James  E..  288 
Horn,  John,   310 
Horn,  W.  J..  342 
Home.  James  E. 

See:  Horn,  James  E.,  288 
Horner,  Anderson,  376 
Horner,  Thomas,  441 
Horton,  >r.  T.,  423 
Horton,  R..  391 
Hoskins,  H.  B. 

See:   Hoekins,   H.  B.,  297 
Houk.  Abraham  W.,  343 
Houk,  George,  343 
Houk,  George  William,  343 
Houk,  John  Allison,  288 
Houk,  Lawson  L.,  343 
Houk,  William,  343 
Houke,  Leander.  297 
Houston,  John  M..  356 
Houston,  William  Henr\-,  356 
Howard,  E.  W..  423 
Howard,  John,  391 
Howard,  J.  S.,  407 
Howard,  R,  B.,  441 
Howd,  L.,  297 
Howell,  James  C,  356 
Howell,  John   D.,   356 
Howell,  Robert  P.,  356 
Ho%vell,  Swinfield,  356 
Howell,  ^Villiam,  357 
Hudson,  D.  C,  391 
Hudson,  James,  391 
Hudson,  J.  T.,  423 
Hudson,  Q.  J.,  423 
Hudson,  Thomas  H.,  423 
HufBnes,  James  F.,  407 
Hufman,  Cyrus,  343 
Hughes,  Franklin,  441 
Hughes,  John  Henry.  441 
Hughes,  Ruffin,  441 
Hughes,  Thomas,  441 
Hughes,  William  A.,  407 
Himsinger,  James.  357 
Hunsinger,  John,  357 
Hunsinger.  Joseph,   357 
Hunt,  J.  W.,  441 
Hunt,  Solomon,  441 
Huntsinger,  John 

See:  Hunsinger,  John,  357 
Huntsinger.  Joseph 

See:   Hunsinger,  Joseph,   357 


Hurdle,  Edward  L.,  441 
Hurdle,  G.  D..  441 
Hurdle,  George  W.,  441 
Hurdle,  William  J.,  441 
Huskev,  James,  327 
Huskey.  John,  327 
Hutch,  F.  A. 

See:  Hatch,  Foster  A.,  375 
Hulchardson.  John 

See:  Hutchison,  John,  407 
Hutchens,  .Andrew  J. 

See:  Hutchins,  Andrew  Jackson,  327 
Hutchens,   James   T. 

See:  Hutchins.  James  T.,  327 
Hutchens,  John   A. 

See:  Hutchins.  John  Achor,  328 
Hutchens,   Silas 

See:  Hutchins,  Silas,  328 
Hutcheson.   John 

See:   Hutchison,  John.  407 
Hutchins,  Andrew  Jackson,  327 
Hutchins,  James  A.,  357 
Hutchins.  James  T..   327 
Hutchins,  John,  357 
Hutchins.  John  Achor,  328 
Hutchins,  Silas,  328 
Hutchison,  John,  407 
Hyatt,  E.  P.,  441 

I 

Ingraham,  Addison,  328 
lr\in,  Milas  H.,  297 
Ir^vin,  A. 

See:  Erwin,  Adolphus,   355 
Iselev,  John  C. 

See:  Isley,  G.  C.,  442 
Iselev.  Lewis  C,  376 
Iselev,  G.  C.,  442 
Islev,  L.  C. 

See:  Iseley,  Lewis  C,  376 

J 

Jackson,  Frederick  J.,  310 
Jackson,   Henderson   S.,   310 
Jackson,  J.,  343 
Jackson,  John  Johnson,   328 
James,  Jefferson,  310 
James,  John  W.,  310 
JaiTCtt,  Absalom,  343 
Janold,  Joseph,  357 
Jeffrev,  Jacob,  297 
Jeffrevs,  'Winiam,  407 
Jenkins,  A.  S.,  423 
Jenkins,  Calvin,  423 
Jenkins,   Charles 

See:  Jinkens,  Charles,  423 


462 


The  Bloody  Sixth 


Jenkins,  Daniel  R..  343 
Jenkins,  E.  W. 

See:  Jinkins,  E.  W.,  423 
Jenkins,  John  J.,  423 
Jenkins,  Maston 

See:  Jinkins,  Masdn,  423 
Jenkins,  Tliomas  M.,  417 
Jenkins,  W.  A.,  423 
Jenell.  J. 

See:  Janold.  Joseph,  357 
Jinkins,  Calvin 

See:  Jenkins,  Calvin.  423 
Jinkins,  Charles,  423 
Jinkins,  E.  W.,  423 
Jinkins,  Mostin,  423 
Jinkins,  Thomas   M. 

See:  Jenkins,  Thomas  M.,  417 
Jinkins.  W.  A. 

See:  Jenkins,  W.  A„  423 
Johnson,  Addison,  423 
Johnson,  Anderson,  424 
Johnson,  Calhoun,  357 
Johnson,  D.  Perkins,  357 
Johnson,   F.   Alphonso,  357 
Johnson,   Harrison 

See:  Johnston,  Harrison  C,  391 
Johnson,  I.,  357 
Johnson.  John  H. 

See:  Johnston,  John  H.,  407 
Johnson.  John   Y. 

See:  Johnston,  John  Yancey,  376 
Johnson,  Martin  V.  B.,  357 
Johnson,   ^Villiam    DePrune,    357 
Johnson,  W.  Redwine,  358 
Johnston,  A.,  310 
Johnston,  Harrison  C,  391 
Johnston,  John  H.,  407 
Johnston,  John  Yancey,  376 
Johnston,  Joshua  H..  407 
Johnston,  S.  D.,  407 
Johnston,  William  G.,  376 
Johnston,  ^V.  S.,  407 
Jones,  A.,  408  -^ 

Jones,  Aquilla,  376 
Jones,  Cadwallader  A.,  424 
Jones,  Charles,  297 
Jones,  John  D.,  358 
Jones,  Levi.  442 
Jones,  Thomas  B..  424 
Jones,  Thomas  J.,  376 
Jones,  W.,  391 
Jones,  William  D.,  376 
Jones,  William  H..  424 
Jones.  Zalmon  J.,  442 
Jordon,  ^Villiam.  297 


Josey,   Moses   C,   391 
Josey,  William  R.,  392 

K 

Kale,  Coatsworth.  343 
Kale.  Logan  L.,  343 
Keaver,  David  A.,  442 
Keck.  Daniel  M.,  376 
Keck,  James  M.,  376 
Keef.  John  O.,  297 
Keeler,   George 

See:  Keeter,  George,  392 
Keenan,  Thomas,  297 
Keeter,  George,  392 
Keeter,  James,  392 
Keever,  D.  A. 

See:  Keaver,  Da\id  .\..  442 
Kelgrove.  J.  L. 

See:  Killgrove.  John  Layette,  328 
Keller,  Reuben,  343 
Keller,  Thomas,  328 
Kelly,  John,  424 
Kelly,  W.  H.,  424 
Kepley,  William  Henry,  298 
Kerr,  'William  J..  376 
Kersey,  James  L.,  408 
Kether.  George 

See:  Keeter,  George,  392 
Kever,  David  A. 

See:  Keaver,  David  A.,  442 
Kile,  Henry 

See:  Kyle,  Henry,  344 
Killgrove,  John  Layette,  328 
Kimljorough.   Thomas  R. 

See:   Kiinbro,   Thomas   R.,  408 
Kimbro,  Thomas  R.,  408 
King,  Anderson,  442 
King,  C.  W.,  442 
King.  Hency  C,  442 
King.  John'w.,  442 
King.  Leonidas  M.,  288 
King,  .Sidney  T.,  408 
King,  W.,  298 
King,  William  S..  442 
Kirk.  David,  343 
Kirkland,  Alexander  M.,  289 
Kirkland,  Samuel  S.,  289 
Kirkman,   Allen,  298 
Kirkpatrick,  Jordon  H.,  376 
Kirkpatrick.  William  M.,  376 
Knight,  Nevins,  358 
Knipe,  J.,  392 
Knipe,  Michael 

See:  Cornipe,  Michael,  388 
Kyle,  Henry,  344 


Index 


463 


Laddv,  ^Villianl 

See:  Latta.  ^Villiam.  311 
Lail.  Daniel,  310 
Lail.  \\'illiam,  311 
Lamb.  Edmon  S.,  328 
Lance,  G.  E. 

See:  Lentz,  George  E.,  298 
Lane,  Jacob,  358 
Langle\,  James,  298 
Langley,  John,  298 
Langlv!  David,  311 
Lans,  D.  H.,  311 
Lashlew  John  M.  C. 

See:  Lashlie,  John  M.,  424 
Lashley.  Sidney  M.,  377 
Lashley,  Thomas  A.,  377 
Lashlev.  \Vesley  C.,  377 
Lashlie,  John  M.,  424 
Lasiey,  Sidney  M. 

See:  Lashley,  Sidney  M.,  377 
Laslev.  Thomas  A. 

See:  Lashley,  Thomas  A.,  377 
Laslev,  AVesley  C. 

See:  Lashley,  Wesley  C.,  377 
Lassiter.  Joseph  B.,  424 
Laton.  J.  R.,  298 
Latta,  Joseph  S.,  377 
Latta.  Presley,  311 
Latta.  Simpson  J.,  311 
Latta,  William,  311 
Latty,  P. 

See:  Latta,  Presley,  311 
Latty,  AVilliara 

See:  Latta.  AVilliam,  311 
Lawe,  A,  E. 

See:  Laws.  Alexander  E.,  311 
Lawman,  Jacob 

See:  Lowman,  Jacob,  328 
Lawman,  Lexi 

See:  Lowman.  Levi,  329 
Lawner,  H.,  338 
Lawrence,  M.  B.,  424 
Lawrence,  ^Villiam,  424 
Laws.  Alexander  E.,  311 
Laws,  Guilford,  311 
Laws,  Guilford  T.,  311 
Laws,  John,  311 
Laws,  'Wesley,  311 
Lawson,  G.  ^V.,  344 
Laycock,  ^Villiam  Jones,  328 
Layhey,  Jem' 

See:  Leahv,  Jeremiah,   298 
Lea,  James 

See:  Lee,  James,  392 


Lea.  James  W..  434 
Lea,  Jeremiah  A.,  401 
Leadbetter,  J.  C..  392 
Leahy,  Jeremiah,  298 
Leai7,  Michael,  298 
Leathers,  Alsey  M.,  312 
Leathers,  J.  D.,  312 
Leathers,  John  Moses,  288 
Leathers,  Joseph  A.,  312 
Ledbetter,  J.  C. 

See:  Leadbetter,  J.  C..  392 
Lee,  James,  392 
Lee,  Jeremiah  A. 

See:  Lea.  Jeremiah  A.,  401 
Lee,  Jerrie 

See:  Leahy,  Jeremiah.  298 
Leigh,  James  Saunders,  328 
Leigh,  J.  W..  328 
Leigh,  Xazor  Owen,  328 
Leigh.  P.  R.,  328 
Leightoir,  J.  K. 

See:  Laton,  J.  R.,  298 
Lennard,  William  A. 

See:  Leonard.  ^Villiam  Anderson,  298 
Lentz,  George  E.,  298 
Leonard,  William  Anderson,  298 
Leters,  P.  V.,  358 
Leuter,  Samuel 

See:  Luter,  Sandy,  425 
Lewis,  Allen  A.,  424 
Lewis,  Charles  H.,  408 
Lewis,  George,  344 
Lewis,  Henderson,  358 
Lewis,  James  W.,  358 
Lewis,  John  B.,  392 
Lewis,  John   Nelson,   358 
Lewis,  P.  v.,  358 
Lewis,  William  B.,  385 
Lewter,  Sandy 

See:  Luter,  Sandy,  425 
Lightfoot,  Charles  E.,  283 
Limberry,  E.,  344 
Lindsey,  Merritt  H.,  377 
Liirville,  David,  377 
Lion,  James  E. 

See:  Lyon.  James  Edwin.  329 
Lipe,  Caleb  J.,  392 
Lipe,  John  M.,  392 
Lisk.  J.  O. 

See:  Sisk,  J.  Oliver,  364 
Littlemire,  Cyrus 

See:  Settlemire,  Cyrus,  301 
Lloyd,  Green 

See:  Lovd,  Green,  425 
Lloyd,  J.  \\'. 

See:  Lovd,  John  \V.,  408 


464 


The  Bloody  Sixth 


Lockhart,  John  S.,  304 
Long,  W.  T.,  328 
Longivorth.  William  F.,  358 
Lossing.  J.  W.,  424 
Loiiis,  George 

See:  Lewis.  George,  344 
Love,  Hamilton  J.,  392 
Loveing,  William  Jefferson,  358 
Lowe,  Nathan,  425 
Lowe,  William  J.,  425 
Lowe.  William  Marion,  425 
Lowman,  Jacob,  328 
Lowman,  Levi,  329 
Lowman,  Martin  L.,  344 
Lowrie,  Houston  B..  284,  320 
Lowrie,  J.  Monroe,  358 
Lowrie,  John  A.,  359 
Loyd,  Green,  425 
Loyd.  John  W.,  408 
Luckso,  S.,  344 
Luke.  John.  377 
Lunsford,  Joseph  G.,  312 
Lunsford,  Joseph  R.,  408 
Lunsford,  Nathan  L.,  288 
Lunsford,  Payton  L.,  408 
Lunsford,  William  A.,  312 
Luter,  Sandy,  425 
Luter,  W.  H.,  425 
Lynch,  Thomas,  442 
Lynch,  Thompson,  442 
Lyon,  George  W.,  408 
Lyon,  James  Edwin,  329 
Lyon,  James  W.,  312 
Lyon.  John  H.,  408 
Lyon,  W.  H.,  425 
Lyons.  George  W. 

See:  Lyon,  George  W.,  408 
Lyons,  John  H. 

See:  Lyon,  John  H.,  408 

M 

Mabe,  W..  298 

Mace,  James  E.,  359  >■ 

Madren,  James,  408 
Maghar,  Dennis,  312 
Malcomb,  A.  C,  425 
Malone,  Bartlet  Yancey,  408 
Malone,  Egbert,  442 
Malone,   Haywood,  409 
Malone,  Nathaniel,  442 
Malpass,  L.,  298 
Mangum,  Acadmus,  312 
Mangum,  Adolphus  W.,  286 
Mangum,  Analphus,  312 
Mangum,  Dewitt  C.,  312 


Mangum,  John  Y.,  312 

Mangum,  Persons,  312 

Mangum,  Rufus.  312 

Mangum,  Samuel  C.,  312 

Mangum,  Sandy  G..  313 

Mangum,  William  Preston,  Jr.,  304 

Mangum,  Willie  P.,  313 

Mann,  Henry  A.,  313 

Manning.  Thomas,  298 

Maris,  James.  298 

Markham,  Alexander  M.,  329 

Markham,  Isaiah  P.,  329 

Markham,  John  Henry,  329 

Markham,  Levi,  329 

Markham,   Matthew,  329 

Martin,  James,  377 

Martin,  James  W.,  409 

Martin.  John,  425 

Martin,  L.  Allen,  344 

Martin,  Samuel,  344 

Martin,  William,  392 

Mason,  George  Washington,  443 

Mason,  Henry,  392 

Mason,  J.  R.,  359 

Mason,  William  A.,  425 

Mass.  William   B. 

See:  Moss,  William  B.,  314 
Massey,  A.  A.,  409 
Massey,  James,  409 
Massey,  Rufus,  329 
Massey,  Thomas,  409 
Mathews,  Levi 

See:   Mathis,   Levi.   298 
Mathews,  William 

See:  Mathis,  William  359 
Mathis,  Levi,  298 
Mathis,  William,  359 
Mathis.  William  Bedford,  443 
Mav,  Green,  425 
Ma\-,   Henry,   329 
May,  James  H.,  329 
Mav,  Prior,  425 
Mav,  ^\'illiam,  329 
Mayfield,  Henry,  344 
Mayfield,  William  344 
Maynard,  George  R.,  434 
Maynard,  John  H..  443 
McAdams,  Alvis,  443 
McAdams,  Eli,  443 
McAdams,  J.,  443 
McAdams,  James  T.,  409 
McAdams.  John  T.,  443 
McAfee,  John,  299 
McCabe,  William,  313 
McCarrol,  John  Wesley,  330 


Index 


465 


McCarter.  Jerry,  344 
McCarthy.  Jerry 

See:  McCarter,  Jerry.  344 
McCollum,  Squire.  377 
McCorkle.  \V.  H..  313 
McCrarv,  E.  F. 

See:  McCrowry.  Edward,  330 
McCrowrv,   Edward.   330 
Media.  John,  299 
McCulloch,   R.   W.,  443 
McDaniel,   Christopher,   330 
McDaniel.  Jesse,   330 
McDaniel.  John,  330 
McDaniel.   William,   330 
McDonald,  J.  R..  359 
McDonald.  R.,  359 
ArcFarland.  John,  313 
McGallard.  H.,  443 
McGallard,  John,  443 
McGalliad,  S.  W.,  344 
McGalliard.  John,  344 
McGalliard,  M.  J.,  344 
McGalliard,  Thomas  M.,  344 
McGee,  Abram,  359 
McGee,  Brice,  359 
McGee,  Isaac  Avery,  359 
McGee.  Isaac  W.,  359 
McGee,  John,  330 
McGee.  John  S.,  359 
McGee.  John  W.,  359 
McGee.   Robert  S.,   360 
McGee,  William  Heni7,  360 
McGrath,  John,  313 
McKee,  John  K.,  313 
McK.ee,  J.  W^,  409 
McKiney,  G.  W.,  299 
McKinnev,  James  M.,  360 
McKinney.  M.  A.,  360 
McKinney.  Moses  J.,  360 
McKinney.   Peter,   409 
McKinnev,  Robert  M..  289 
McManning,  William  E.,  304 
McMaster.  Emsley,  344 
McMuiTay,  C,  299 
McMurray.  J.  M.,  299 
McXealv,  Harvev  T. 

See:  McNeely,'  Harvey  T.,  345 
McNealy,  Jason 

See:  SicXeely.  Jason,  345 
McNeely,   Harvey  T.,  345 
McXeely,  James  Brown,  394 
McNeely,  Jason,  345 
McNeely,  Samuel,  345 
McNeely,  Thomas,  345 
McNeill,   .Alexander,  360 
McNeill.  Archibald   H.,  360 


McNeill,  Daniel,  360 
McNeill.  James.  360 
McNeill,  John.  360 
McPhearson.   O. 

See:  McPherson,  Oliver.  377 
McPherson.   John    .Alexander.   351 
McPherson.   Oliver,   377 
McPherson,  William  H..  360 
Meadows,  Broady,  444 
Meadows.  William,  444 
Meadows,  'Willie,  313 
Mebane,  Bartlett  Yancey,  369 
Mebane,  Cornelius.  284,  377 
Mebane,  David  A..  286,  377 
Mebane,  George  Anderson,  378 
Mebane.  John  H..  378 
Mebane,   Thomas  Y.,   378 
Mebane,  William  A.,   369 
Medlin,  John,  425 
Medlin,  Samuel,  426 
Medling,  Gray,  426 
Mercer,  L.  B.,  313 
Merrick,  B..  392 
Merrick,  J.  C,  392 
Merrit,  John  T.,  444 
Messer,  Daniel,  313 
Messer,  D.  AV.,  378 
Miles,  Alexander  T.,  409 
Miles,  George,  444 
Miles,  John  S.,  409 
Miles,  Micagah,  409 
Miles,  Thomas   C,  409 
Miles,  Warren,  409 
Miles,  William  B..  409 
Milichan,  C,  299 
Miller,  Abram  H.,  385 
Miller,  Anderson   M.,  360 
Miller,   Ebenezer   H.,   393 
Miller,  Emanuel,  393 
Miller,  Henry  W.  A.,  393 
Miller,  Jacob  W.,  393 
Miller,  John  L.,  393 
Miller,  Knox  P.,  393 
Miller,  Martin   M.,  393 
Miller,   Richard   A.,  393 
Miller,  William  Westley,  394 
Milliken,  C. 

See:  Milichan,  C,  299 
Millington,   Haywood,   410 
Mills,  H.  M.,  426 
Mills,  James  D.,  313 
Minnis,  Allen,  444 
Minnis,   Morgan,  378 
Minnis,  Thomas  J.,  378 
Mitchell,  Alfred  A.,  401 
Mitchell.  .Anderson  L..  444 


466 


The  Bloody  Sixth 


Mitchell,  John  A.,  345 
Moize,  Ortorcl,  313 
Monroe,  Herndon  Ahin,  330 
Montague,  Adolphus  M.,  313 
Montgomery,  Eli,  426 
Moon,  'WilUam,  299 
Mooney,  Jacob  B.,  444 
Moore,  Andrew,  410 
Moore,  Eli  M.,  444 
Moore,  George  ^\^.  378 
Moore,  Harrison,  444 
Moore,  John  A.,  378 
Moore,  John  T..  410 
Moore,  Joseph  J.,  314 
Moore,  Solomon,  444 
Moore,  William  Wilkins 

See:  Moon,  William,  299 
Moran,  John  F.,  299 
.Morev,  J.  W.,  410 
Morev,  W.  T.,  410 
Morgan,  Calvin  R.,  394 
Morgan,  Hugh  A.,  299 
Morgan,  Moses  Levi,  394 
Morgan,  N„  394 
Morgan,   Pinckney  A.,  345 
Morgan,  Romulus,  299 
Morgan,  Samuel  W.,  410 
Moring,  F.  O.  K.,  426 
Morring,  James  H.,  426 
Morring,  W.  L.,  426 
Moi-ris,  A.  F.,  426 
Morris,  E.  W.,  330 
Morris,  James 

See:  Maris,  James,  298 
Morris,  Joseph  T.,  426 
Morris,  W.  E.,  394 
Morrison,  John  A.,  299 
Monison,  Leander,  299 
Morrison,  Richard,  299 
Morrison,  Thomas  L.,  299 
Morse,  Joseph  J. 

See:  Moore,  Joseph  J.,  314 
Morton,  H.  A.,  426 
Moses,  Alexander  M.,  314 
Moses,  Moulton,  345 
Moses,  Thomas,  360 
Moss,  ■\Villiam  B.,  314 
Mull,  David,  345 
Mull,  reter,  345 
Mullholland,  Sidney,  426 
Murdach,  Robert  H.,  361 
Murdock,  Robert  H. 

See:  Murdach,  Robert  H.,  361 
Murphey,  Basley,  410 
Murphy.  Andrew,   345 


Murphy,  J.  C,  299 
Murphy,  Martin,  345 
Murphy,  Samuel  G.,  286,  378 
Murphy,  Standford.  378 
MuiTay,  Alcey  J..  444 
Murray,  Bedford.  444 
Murray.  Eli,  378 
Murray,  James,  345 
Murray,  James  Macon.  444 
Murray,  John  C.  330 
Murray,  John  T.,  410 
Murray,  Madison,  445 
Mun-ay,  Patrick,  299 
Mun-ay,  William,  330 
Murray,  William.  378 
MuiTay,  William  \V. 

See:  Murrie,  'W.  W.,  410 
Murrie,  John  T. 

See:  Murray,  John  T.,  410 
Murrie,  W.  \V..  410 
Myres.  W.  A..  426 

N 

Nance.   Buren.  410 
Nance,  Eh,  410 
Nance,  Shedrack,  394 
Nash,  Joseph.  345 
Nash,  Solomon,  345 
Natt,  John 

See:  Nott,  John,   300 
Neal,  Alexander.  300 
Neeland,  James,  300 
Nelson,  Daniel  W..  378 
Nelson,  Elijah,  378 
Nesbitt,  A.  M..  285 
Nichols,  Archibald,  330 
Nichols,  Bartlet  Y..  314 
Nichols,  Francis,  314 
Nichols,  Ira  W.,  331 
Nichols,  James  O.  Kelly,  314 
Nichols,  Meredith  F.,  314 
Nichols,  Samuel  A.,  314 
Nichols,  •\V..  410 
Nichols.  Wilson.  314 
Nicks,  Shubal  C..  379 
Noah,  Austin.  331 
Noah,  George  AVashington.  394 
Noblet,  John  J.,  346 
Noonan,  Daniel,   300 
Nonnan,   Daniel 

See:  Noonan,  Daniel,  300 
Norman,  Lewis,  314 
Norris,  Joseph,  427 
Norwood.  James,  445 
Nott,  John,  300 


Index 


467 


Oak,  Samuel  C. 

See:  Oaks,  Samuel  C,  361 
Oakey,  Van  Buien,  314 
Oaks,  Samuel  C,  361 
O'Daniel.  J.  L.,  410 
O'Daniel,  William,  300 
Oliver,  James  T.,  410 
Oliver,  John,   361 
Oliver,  John  G„  410 
Oliver,  Monroe.  402 
Ollis,  Alexander,   361 
Ollis,  Alexander  S..  361 
OlUs,  James  N.,  361 
Ollis,  John  Leonard,  361 
Ollis.  Joseph  M.,   361 
Ollis,  Nelson,  361 
Ollis.  Thomas  L.,  361 
Ollis,  William  H.,  361 
O'Neal,  James  McK..  346 
O'Neil,  Lofton,  346 
Osbrooks,  C,   394 
Overby,  William  C.  445 
Overcash,  James  ^Vilson,  394 
Overcash,  John  S..  394 
Overton.  E.  M.,  394 
Owens,  Henrj'  C.  394 
Owens,  Joseph  F..  394 
Owens,  William  P.,  395 


Pace,  Edward,  379 
Padle)',  Merrit  B. 

See':  Pendley,  Merrit  B.,  362 
Paemer,  C,  300 
Page,  Anderson,  331 
Page,   Benjamin,  427 
Page,   Franklin,  411 
Page,  George,  427 
Page,  J.,  411 
Page,  Jackson,  427 
Page,  James  A.,  411 
Page.  Malcus  W.,  284,  417 
Page,  O.  H.,  427 
Page,  Wesley,  427 
Page,  ■\Villiam,  427 
Painter,  E.  B.,  331 
Painter,  Lewis  S.,   361 
Palmer,  C. 

See:  Paemer.  C,  300 
Palmer,  Harrison,  445 
Pangle,  Marcus,   346 
Pangle,  Philip.  346 
Parker,   Benjamin   H.,   314 
Parker,  Daniel  W.,  361 


Parker,  Dudley  H.,  314 
Parker,  Jesse  E.,  314 
Parker,  Jesse  W.,  314 
Parker,  John,  315 
Parker,  Nathaniel  H.,  315 
Parker,  W.  T..  427 
Parks,  -^V.  T. 

See:  Parker,  W.  T.,  427 
Parrish,  Allen  C,   315 
Parrish,  D.  F..  427 
Parrish,  Doctor  H.,  315 
Parrish,  Edu'ard,  427 
Parrish,  Nelson,  315 
Parrish.  WilUam  K.,  304 
Parsons,  James,  300 
Partin,  J.  P.,  395 
Paschall,  A.  P.,  346 
Paster,  L.  S.,  362 
Payne,  Anderson,  331 
Pearson,  Duncan  C,  335 
Pearson,  Jonathan,  427 
Peek,  J.  M..  331 
Peeler.  Richard  Peter,  362 
Pender,  Charles  J.,  379 
Pender,  James  W.,  379 
Pender.  William.  379 
Pender,  William  Dorsey,  283 
Pendergrass,  Ila,  331 
Pendley,  MeiTit  B.,  362 
Penix,  J.  C. 

See:  Pinnix,  J.  C.  411 
Penley,  L.  D..  427 
Penninger.  'Wilson,  395 
Perkins,  Andrew  J.  C,  331 
Perry,  G.  W.,  427 
Perry,  W.  F.,  379 
Pettigrew,  John  J.,   379 
Phillips,  IV7,  379 
Phillips.  J.  A.,  331 
Phillips.  J.  Tarpley,  362 
Phipps.  J.  A. 

See:  Phillips.  J.  A.,  331 
Phipps,  AVilliam  Young.  331 
Pickard,  Henrj',  428 
Pickard.  John  W.,  428 
Pickard,   Lefayette,  428 
Pickard,   Thomas.  428 
Pickard.  AVilliam   AV.,   428 
Pickett,  Asa,  331 
Pickett,  E.  'Washington,  331 
Pickett,  Harrison,  332 
Pickett,  James,  445 
Pinnix,  J.  C.  411 
Piper,  Alexander,  379 
Piper,  Joseph  G.,  288 
Pitman.  R.  G.,  362 


468 


The  Bloody  Sixth 


Pitman,  Thomas,  300 
Pittard,  George  W.,  445 
Pittard,  James  M.,  445 
Pleasant.  Anderson   M.,  411 
Pleasant,  John,  411 
Poe,  John  Wesley,  332 
Pogue.  Elias  James,  395 
Poindexter,  Pleasant  H.,  428 
Poindexter,  William  G.  W.,  428 
Pointendexter,   M.,   300 
Pool,  Felix,  362 
Pool,  James,  395 
Pool.  Joseph,   395 
Pool,  Thaddeus,  332 
Pool.  William  David.  332 
Pope,  H.  L.,  428 
Pope,  Isaac,  300 
Pope,  W^illiam,  300 
Pope,  W.  Paul,  428 
Porter,  Charles  W.,  315 
Porter,  William   Henry.  395 
Poteet,  Alburto  L..  346 
Poteet,  William,  346 
Powell,  A.  S.,  346 
Powell.  Edward.  346 
Powell,  E.  M.,  332 
Powell,  James,  315 
Powell,  J.  C,  346 
Powell,  John,  346 
Powell.  John  B.,  362 
Powell.  John  H.,  346 
Powell.  Josiah  J.,  411 
Powell.  Leander.  346 
Powell.  Robert,  347 
Powell,  S.  E.,  347 
Powell,  Thomas,  347,  411 
Powell,  William,  347 
Powers,  H.,  395 
Pratt,  John,  347 
Presnell,  Calvin  J.  C,   30O 
Pressly,  M.  R.,  347 
Preston,  Nathaniel,  379 
Price,   Thomas  A.,   290  " 

Priddy,  William.  411 
Proctor,  Anderson,  332 
Proctor,  John.   332 
Proctor.  Sterling  Yancy,  332 
Pugh,  Alford,  395 
Pugh,  William,  379 
Pugh,  William  M.,  332 


Quails,  Charles  J.,  445 
Quails,  Richard,  445 
Queen,  Jonas,  428 


Queen,  Moses,  428 
Quigley,  Patrick,   347 

R 

Ragan.  A. 

See:   Reagan.  Andy.   301 
Ragan,  Nathaniel,  411 
Rags.  William.  300 
Rainn,  John  T..  300 
Ramsay,  Laban 

See:  Ramsey,  Laban  F.,  362 
Ramsay,  N. 

See:  Ramsey,  Notain.  362 
Ramsay.  W.   R. 

See:  Ramsey.  William  R.,  445 
Ramsey.  Laban  F.,  362 
Ramsey,  Notain,  362 
Ramsey,  William  R.,  445 
Randleman,  G.  W. 

See:  Rendleman.  George  W.,  301 
Rascoe,  John  Franklin,  445 
Rascoe.  William,  445 
Rathbone,  James  H.,  288 
Rathbone,  Thomas,  362 
Rathborne,   James   H. 

See:  Rathbone,  James  H.,  288 
Ravis,  Daniel 

See:  Revis,  Daniel,  429 
Rav,  Creely,  379 
Ray,  Jacob,  362 
Rav,  James  L.,  380 
Rav.  John,  380 
Rav,  John  S.,  380 
Ray,  Neill  W.,  335 
Ray,  Thomas,  380 
Ray,  Thomas  L.,  446 
Ray,  WilUam  G.,  315 
Ray,  William  K.,  315 
Rayfield,  James  A.,  315 
Reace,  E. 

See:  Reece,  E.,  315 
Reace.  J.  C,  332 
Reagan,  Andy,  301 
Reaves,  William 

See:  Revis,  William  S.,  315 
Rector,  John  A.,  301 
Redman,  F.  S.,  301 
Redman,  T. 

See:  Redmon,  Thaddeus,  332 
Redmon,  James  Kinchen,  332 
Redraon,  Thaddeus,  332 
Redwine,  Peter  W.,  395 
Reece.  E.,  315 
Reese,  William  Lewis,  286 
Reeves,  William 

See:  Revis,  WilUam  S.,  315 


Index 


469 


Regan,  Andy 

See:  Reagan,  Andy,  301 
Rendleman,  George  W.,  301 
Rendleman,  La%vrence  Tobias,  395 
Revis,  Daniel,  429 
Revis,  William  S.,  315 
Rheinhaidt,  Alfred 

See:  Rvneheart.  Alfred.  446 
Rheinhardt,  F. 

See:  Rhinehart,  F..  446 
Rhine,  Cornelius 

See:  Ryan,  Cornelius,  347 
Rhinehart,    F.,   446 
Rhineheart.  A. 

See:  Ryneheart,  Alfred,  446 
Rhodes,  Claudius  Jasper,  332 
Rhodes.  William  Burton,  332 
Rial,  Charles  W.,  411 
Rice,  J.  D.,  332 
Rice,  L.  L..  333 
Rice.  William.  446 
Rich.   John    L.,    301 
Richards.  Charles 

See:  Richie.  Charles,  395 
Richardson,  J.  Z.,   395 
Richardson,   L.  M..  316 
Richev,   H.  \V. 

See.-  Richie,  Heniy  W..  396 
Richie,  Charles,  395 
Richie,  Henry  \V.,  396 
Richie,  Jacob   M.,  396 
Richie,   ^Villianl   M.,   396 
Richmond,  Thomas  S.,  411 
Richmond,   WiUiam  D.,  411 
Ricketts,   Benjamin,   347 
Riel,   Charles  ^V., 

See:  Rial,  Charles  W.,  411 
Riggs,  William  R.,  316 
Riggsby,  Mark,  429 
Rigsbee,   Henry  Jackson,  333 
Rigsbee,   Mark 

See:  Riggsby,  Mai'k,  429 
Rigsby,   H.  J. 

See:  Rigsbee.  Henry  Jackson,  333 
Riley,   George   Hamilton,   333 
Riley,  William  Dudley,  333 
Ritchie,  Charles 

See:  Richie,  Charles,  395 
Ritchie,   Henry  W, 

See:  Richie,  Heni-y  \V.,  396 
Ritchie,  Jacob  ^^. 

See:  Richie,  Jacob  M.,  396 
Ritchie,  \Villiara 

See:  Richie,  'William  M.,  396 


Rivens,  Joseph 

See:  Bivens,  Joseph,  370 
Rivens,  Michael 

See:  Bivens,  Michael,  370 
Roads,  C.  J. 

See:  Rhodes,   Claudius  Jasper,   332 
Robbins,  James,  412 
Robbison,  J.,  446 
Roberson,  G.,  446 
Robersoir,  James  A.,  362 
Roberson,  John  W.,  362 
Roberson,  Martin  V.  B.,  362 
Roberson,  N.  M.,  363 
Roberson,  R.  J.,  380 
Roberson,  Wilbum  A.,  363 
Robert,   W.   S. 

See:  Roberts,  W.  S.,  347 
Roberts,  Aaron,  429 
Roberts,  Anderson,  446 
Roberts,  Andrew  J.,  316 
Roberts,  Ashwell,  429 
Roberts,  David  C,  316 
Roberts,  Green,  316 
Roberts,  Henry  V.,  396 
Roberts.  John,  429 
Roberts,  John  R.,  363 
Roberts,  Marion,  412 
Roberts,  Thomas,  412 
Roberts,  William,  301 
Roberts,  William  K.,  316 
Roberts,  Willie  U.,  316 
Roberts,  W,  S.,  347 
Roberts,  Zachariah,  429 
Robertson,  James  A.,  412 
Robertson,  John 

See:  Robinson,  John  A.,  347,  363 
Robertson,  John 

See:  Roberson  Johir  \V.,  362 
Robertson,  J.  S.,  446 
Robertson,  M.  V.  B. 

See:  Roberson,  Marvin  V.  B.,  362 
Robertson,  Wilburn 

See:  Roberson,  Wilburn  A..  362 
Robeson,   James 

See:  Roberson,  James  A.,  362 
Robeson,  J.  W. 

See:  Roberson,  John  W.,   362 
Robeson,  Martin  V.  B. 

See:  Roberson,  Martin  V.  B.,  362 
Robeson,  W.  A. 

See:  Roberson,  Wilburn  A.,  362 
Robinson,  James 

See:  Roberson,  James  A.,  362 
Robinson,  John  A.,  347,  363 


470 


The  Bloody  Sixth 


Robinson,  Sidney,  347 
Robinson,  W.  A. 

See:  Roberson,  Wilburn  A.,  362 
Robison,  J.  A. 

See:  Robinson,  John  A.,  347,  363 
Robison,  Sidney 

See:  Robinson,  Sidney,  347 
Rodgers,  G.  W.  H.,  429 
Rodney,  Calvin  N. 

See:  Roney,  Calvin  N.,  434 
Rogers,  James  H.,  446 
Rogers,  Thomas  Jefferson,  446 
Rohm,  Isaac,  363 
Rollens,  J.,  301 
Roney,  Calvin  N.,  434 
Roper.  Barney,  301 
Rosborough,  James  T.,  385 
Roscoe,    Henry,   412 
Roscoe,  John,  412 
Rose,  Henry 

See:  Roseman,  Henr\',  347 
Rose,  Levi,  363 
Roseboro,  James  T. 

See:  Rosborough,  James  T.,  385 
Roseman,  Henr\',  347 
Ross,  Benjamin  F.,  380 
Ross,  William,  301 
Rosson,  James  W.,  333 
Rothrock,  Lewis  H.,  385 
Rowell,  A.  S. 

See:  Powell,  A.  S.,  346 
Rowell,  J.   C. 

See:  Powell,  J.  C,  346 
Rowell,  John 

See:  Powell,  John,  346 
Rowell,  Robert 

See:  Powell,  Robert,  347 
Rowell,  \Villiam,  347 
Rudd.  Anderson  P.,  412 
Rudd,  Elisha  W.,  412 
Rudd,  Luther  Y.,  412 
Ruffin,  Thomas,  Jr.,  401 
Russell,  James  W.,  396  ^ 

Rust,  William  B.,  301 
Ryan,  Cornelius,  347 
Ryneheart,  Alfred,  446 


Sadler,   Robert,   333 
Saferight,  Emsley,  316 
Safrit,  Jacob  Monroe.  396 
Sanders,  Andrew,  316 
Sanders,  George  Thomas,  396 
Sanders,  H.  H.,  348 
Sanders,  James  E.,  316 
Sanders,  James  M.,  316 


Sanders,  John,  333 
Satterlee,  E.,  363 
Saunders,  H.  H. 

See:  Sanders,  H.  H.,  348 
Saunders,  James  E. 

See:  Sanders,  James  E.,  316 
Sawyer.  G.  A.,  412 
Sawyer,  Lin 

See:  Sawyers,  Levi,  413 
Sawyers,  B.  B.,  412 
Sawyers,  Joseph  R.,  412 
Sawyers,  Levi,  413 
Scales,  N.  E.,  284 
Scarborough,  John  R.,  363 
Scott,  James  C,  316 
Scott,  Thomas,  446 
Scott,  William  R.,  446 
Seaboat,  T.  S. 

See:  Seabolt,  Travis  S.,  348 
Seabolt,  Travis  S.,  348 
Seago,  Thomas,  316 
Seals,  Thomas  A.,  301 
Sears,  George  W.,  429 
Sears,   Harmon,  429 
Sego,  J.  T. 

See:  Seago,  Thomas,  316 
Self,  William  R..  363 
Sellers,  G.  C,  333 
Sellei-s,  William.  363 
Settipp,  G.  W.,  333 
Settlemire,  Cyrus,  301 
Seuer,  Jason  D..  396 
Shambley,  ^Villiam 

See:  Shamly,  William,  333 
Shamel.  Jacob  W.,  317 
Shamel,  Wiley  N.,  317 
Shamly,  William,  333 
Shanklin,  Elmore  M.,  446 
Sharp,  Daniel   C,   380 
Sharp,  Daniel  M.,  380 
Shaw.  Cornelius,  380 
Shaw,  J.,  396 
Shaw,  James  P.,  380 
Shaw,  John,  446 
Shaw,  Joseph  M.,  446 
Shaw.   Moses  N.,  380 
Shaw,  Wesley  P.,  380 
Shean,  William 

See:  Shehan,  William,  348 
Shedwick,  N.,  333 
Sheeping,  Noah  R. 

See:  Shuping,  Noah  R.,  397 

Sheets,  ,  363 

Sheets,  Enoch,   363 
Sheets,  W.,  363 
Shehan,  Daniel,  348 


Index 


471 


Shehan.  Richard 

See:  Skahan.  Richard.  348 
Shehan.  William.  348 
Sheliberinger,  ^Villiam  S. 

See:  Shuliberringer,  AVilliam  S.,  397 
Shelton,  Alfred,  413 
Shelton,  John  F.,  333 
Shephard.  John 

See:  Shepherd,  John.  396 
Shepherd.  James  Monroe,  333 
Shepherd,  John,  396 
Sheppard,  Jacob,  380 
Sheppard.  James  M. 

See:  Shepherd.  James  Monroe,  333 
Sheppard.   John 

See:  Shepherd,  John,  396 
Sherman,  J.  J.,  334 
Sherrill.  Milas,  301 
Shields,  John  Cabe,  334 
Shields,  K..  447 
Shinn.  Samuel  J.,  396 
Shinn,  ^Villiam  F..  397 
Ship.  John,  429 
Shipp,   Joseph   M..   429 
Shipp,  Nathaniel  M.,  430 
Shoemaker,  M.,  301 
Shooping,  \.  R. 

See:  Shuping,  Noah  R.,  397 
Shore.  J.  A.,  317 
Shronce,  Jacob 

See:  Sronce,  Jacob,   398 
Shuliberringer,  William  S.,  397 
Shuping,  Michael,  397 
Shuping,  Noah  R.,  397 
Sidney,  Patrick,  301 
Sigmon,  M.  348 
Sikes,  C.  J.,  397 
Sikes,  Edward,  430 
Sikes,  J.  \V.,  334 
Sikes,  Richmond  A.,  317 
Silver,  David  R.,  363 
Simpson.  Alvis,  413 
Simpson,  Chesley,  447 
Simpson,  George  W.,  447 
Simpson,  James,  380 
Simpson,  James  L.,  397 
Simpson,   Martin  ^'an   Buren,  447 
Simpson.  Philip  H..  413 
Sims,  Herbert  H.,  317 
Singleton,  Kenneth  R.,  364 
Singleton,  Silas  S.,  348 
Singleton,  W'alter  H.,  364 
Sisk,  J.  Oliver,  364 
Sizemore,  Henry,  348 
Sizemore.  Thomas,  348 
Skahan,  Richard,  348 


Slagle,   McCurry,   364 

Sloop,  David  Alexander,  288 

Sloop,  William  J.  A.,  397 

Smallwood,  Jacob  H.,  364 

Smart,  Thomas  R.,  397 

Smith,  Anderson,  413 

Smith,   Benjamin   Rush,  284,   385 

Smith,  Daniel,  430 

Smith.  David.  430 

Smith.  Edward,  302 

Smith,  Ernest  H.,  290 

Smith,   Evans,   381 

Smith,   George  W.,  334 

Smith,   Henry,   381,   430 

Smith,  Jackson,  302 

Smith,  Jacob  S.,  397 

Smith,  James,  317,  348,  397 

Smith,  James  M..  430 

Smith,  John,  348,  3&i 

Smith,  Joshua,  430 

Smith,  J.  W.,  334 

Smith,  L.  A.,  413 

Smith,  Lewis,  413 

Smith,  L.  M.,  317 

Smith,  Martin,  302 

Smith,  Morgan,  348 

Smith,  Robert  L.,  413 

Smith.  Samuel  H.,  302 

Smith,  Thomas  H.,  430 

Smith,  ^Villiam  C.,  413 

Smith,  William  H.,  397 

Smith,  William  J.,  398,  447 

Smith,  ^V'illiam  M.,  287,  302 

Sniff,  R. 

See:  Swift,  Robert,  414 
Snipes,  H.  C.,  348 
Snipes,  James  C,  413 
Snipes,  Martin  L..  336 
Snowden.  ^Villiam  J.,  348 
Sorrels,  Joshua  M.,  364 
Southern,  J.  A.,  302 
Spainhour,  Solomon,  317 
Sparks,  James  T.,  364 
Sparks,  Samuel  B.,  364 
Speagle.  Hugh.  349 
Speaglc,  John  C.,  349 
Spears,  James  T.,  398 
Speck,  Henry,  398 
Speed.  Edward  A.,  304 
Spugle,   Hugh 

See:  Speagle,  Hugh,  349 
Squires.  James.  447 
Squires,  Thomas  F.,  447 
Sronce,  Jacob,  398 
Stack,  David,  381 
Stadler,  John  J.,  413 


472 


The  Bloody  Sixth 


Stadler,  William  J.,  413 
Stallings,  R.  G.,  430 
Stamy,  Martin,  317 
Staray,  William,  317 
Stanback,  Forester,  413 
Stancil,   Stephen 

See:  Stansil,  Stephen,  430 
Standback,   F. 

See:  Stanback,  Forester,  413 
Standford,  Harrison 

See:  Stanford,  Henry  H.,  381 
Standford,  John 

See:  Stanford,  John,  381 
Standford,  Moses 

See:  Stanford,  Moses,  381 
Standford,  W.  J. 

See:  Stanford,  William,  414 
Stanford,  Henry  H.,  381 
Stanford,  John,'  381 
Stanford,  John  J.,  349 
Stanford,  Moses,  381 
Stanford,  William,   414 
Stansil,  Stephen,  430 
Starling,  J.  W^.  A.,  365 
Starrett,  George  M.,  398 
Starrett,  John  E.  D.,  398 
Steele,  I.,  349 
Steele,  J.  G..  430 
Steele,  William  D.,  430 
Stephenson,  G.,  447 
Stephenson,  James  C.,  365 
Stevenson,  James  L.,  447 
Stewart,  Charles  D.,  365 
Stewart,  H. 

See:  Stuart,  H.,  302 
Stewart,  James  P.,  381 
Stewart,  W.  W.,  381 
Stigall,  G.,  349 
Stone,  E.  J.,  365 
Stone,  James  H.,  431 
Stone,  J.  H.,  431 
Stone,  J.  S.,  431  ^. 

Stone,  Robert  D.,  431  " 

Stout,  John  P.,  302 
Strader,  James,  302 
Strader,  Sidney  L.,  302 
Strayhorn,  William  H.,  414 
Stricklin,   W.    H.,   431 
Stuart,  H.,  302 
Stubbins,  W.  H.,  381 
Stubblefield,   Robert,  414 
Sullivan,  Patrick,  302 
Suttles,  Isaac,  365 
Sutton,  W.  M.,  317 
Swafford,  John  R.,  302 
Swicher,  Alexander  C,  398 


Swicher,  Claudius  W.,  398 
Swicher,  James  C,  398 
Swift,  Robert,  414 
Swing,  Franking,  398 
Swisher.  A. 

See:  Swicher,  Alexander  C,  398 
Swisher,  Claudius  W. 

See:  Swicher,  Claudius  W.,  398 
Sykes,  C.  J. 

See:  Sikes,  C.  J.,  397 
Sykes,  John,  381 
Sykes,   Richmond  A. 

See:  Sikes,  Richmond  A.,  317 
Svkes,  William  A.,  381 


Tallant,  David,  447 

Talley,  John,  334 

Talley,  William.  365 

Talton,  J.,  317 

Talton,  R.,  317 

Tanner,  C,  431 

Tarpley,  'William  A.,  447 

Tarpley,  \Villiam  W.,  303 

Tate,  Armstrong.  381 

Tate.  Samuel  McDowell,  284,  335 

Tate,  ^Villiam,  381 

Tate,  William  R.,  382 

Tate,  W.  P.,  447 

Tate,  W.  S.,  447 

Taylor,  Duncan,  317 

Taylor,  James  R.,  349 

Taylor,  John  T.,  431 

Taylor,  Joseph,  382 

Taylor,  Moulton  A.,  349 

Taylor,  S.  D.,  365 

Taylor,  Thomas,  414 

Taylor,  Thomas  J.,  382 

Taylor,  William  R.,  349 

Team,  William  A..  349 

Teasley,  Nicholas  H.,  317 

Teer,  William  J.,  382 

Terry,  James,  334 

Thaxton,  Thomas  C,  398 

Thick,  James  M.,  382 

Thomas,   Benjamin,   382 

Thomas,  Henry  H.,  303 

Thomas,  Jacob,  365 

Thomas,  James,  447 

Thomas,  Levi,  448 

Thomason.  Frank  W.,  398 

Thomason,  James  W.,  398 

Thomason,  Jesse  Pinkney,  399 

Thomason,  John  Pliney,  399 

Thoraison,  Frank  W. 

See:  Thomason,  Frank  W.,  398 


Index 


473 


Thoniison,  James  W. 

See:  Thomason.  James  W.,  398 
Thomison,  Jesse   P. 

See:  Thomason,  Jesse  Pinkney.  399 
Thomison,  John  P. 

See:  Thomason,  John  Phney,  399 
Thompson,  Alexander  A.,  382 
Thompson,  Alson  G,,  382 
Thompson,  .Andrew  Jackson,  414 
Thompson,  Elbridge  G..  382 
Thompson,   George  A,,   382 
Thompson,  John  A.,  382 
Thompson,  John   M.,  349 
Thompson,  Joseph  B.,  383 
Thompson,  Joseph  H.,  383 
Thompson,  Samuel  S,,  383 
Tier,  William  J, 

See:  Teer,  William  J.,  382 
Tillev,  Allen,  317 
Tillev.  De^Vitt  C.,  318 
Tillev,  Elisha  H.,  318 
Tilley,  Haywood,  318 
Tillev,  James  D.,  318 
Tilley,  William  H..  318 
Tinnerly,  Patrick,  303 
Tollev,  David,  365 
Topley,  W.  ^V, 

See:' Tarpley,  William  W.,  303 
Traywick,  J,  B.,  318 
Trexler,  Adam,  399 
Trexler,  Marcus,  399 
Trogden,  A.  D..  431 
Trolinger,  John  T.,  383 
Tucker,  Albert  W.,  414 
Turner,  David,  383 
Turner,  Ephraim  A.,  414 
Turner,   Evans,   321 
Turner,  James  Calder,  289 
Turner,  James  Henry,  448 
Turner,  John  \\'illiam,  334 
Turner,  Lewis  P.,  414 
Turner,  Lycurgus,  334 
Turner,  ^Varren   G.,  351 
Turner,  ^\•esley  J.,  303 
Turrentine,  Samuel   \V.,   318 
Twiggs,  ^Villiam,   349 

u 

Umstead,  Alvis  K.,  305 
L'mstead,  George  W..  318 
Umstead,  Kenneth   R,,  318 
Upchurch,  J.  H„  431 
Upchurch,  ^Villiford,  431 
Upchurch,   \Vinship,   431 
Upchurch,  ^Vinslow,  431 
Upright,  Eli,  399 


\ance,  Bureu,  414 
\ance,  Gaston,  365 
\'ance,  Samuel  C.,  351 
\'ance.  Tillman,  365 
\an   Hook,   James,  318 
\an   Hoy,  Henry,  383 
\annook,  James 

See:  \'an  Hook,  James,  318 
\arner,  Andrew,  303 
\'amer,  George  W.,  431 
\'ass.  A,  M. 

See:  Voss,  Augustine  Sheppard,   383 
\'ass,  John  M. 

See:  Voss,  John  M.,  383 
\'aughan,  Rufus  Y.,  414 
\aughan,  William,  318 
\aughn,  Alexander  B.,  414 
\aughn,   Monroe,   318 
Vearzey,   F. 

See:  \'eazey,  Fieldin  L.,  319 
\'earzy,   William 

See':  \'eazey,  \Villiam  E.,  319 
Veazey,  Fielclin  L.,  319 
\'eazev,  William  E.,  319 
\'ess,  A.  J„  448 
\'ickers,  Hiiam,  334 
\'ickers.  Thomas,  334 
Mckers,  \\'iiliam  Riley,  334 
\incent,  John  T„  448 
Vincent,  Joseph  S.,  434 
\oss,   .Alexander,   383 
Voss,  .\ugustine  Sheppard,  383 
Voss,  John  M„  383 

w 

Waddle,  W.  R.,  319 
Wagner.   William   P.,   319 
\Vaiker,  A.  F.,  399 
Walker,  David  A„  415 
\Valker,  G.  ^V.,  399 
Walker,  Henrv,  448 
Walker,  Jacob,  448 
Walker,  James  B.,  415 
Walker,  James   M.,  399 
Walker,  James  S,,  415 
\\alker,  J,  M.,  415 
Walker,  John  H..  415 
AValker,  John   Hurdle,  415 
\Valker,  John   Kerr,  448 
\Valker.  Levi  Hardv,  402 
\Valker,    ^L,    399 
Walker,   Marshall  H.,  415 
Walker,  Robert  Lafayette,  448 
^\•alker,  William  J.,  448 
\\"alker,  ^\■illiam  S„  415 


474 


The  Bloody  Sixth 


Walker,  William   T..   413 
Wallace.  Samuel 

See:  Wallis.  Samuel,  303 
Wallis.  Samuel,  303 
Walton,  John   M.,  305 
Ward,   H.,   334 
Ward.  Jacob,  448 
Ward.  Samuel,  448 
^Vard,  Thomas,  303 
Ward,  W.   H. 

See:  Word,  W.  H.,  400 
Warlick,  A.  J.,  349 
Warlick,  Kenneth  H,,  365 
Warlick,  Lewis,  336 
Warran,  D.  C. 

See:  Warren.  David  Crockett,  335 
Warren,  David  Crockett,  335 
Warren,  Dennis  P,,  432 
Warren,  Henry,  448 
Warren,  Waiiam,  335 
^\■aters,  John,  399 
^Vatson,  George  W.,  449 
Watson,  James  G.,  383 
Watson,  William  S.,   319 
Watts.  William  D.,  365 
Way,  Sullivan,  303 
\Veatherspoon,  James  O.,  432 
^Veatherspoon,   Simpson,   432 
\V'eatherspoon,  \Villiam   H.,  432 
\Veaver,  David,  349 
Weaver,  John,  350 
Weaver,  J.  W.,  415 
Weaver,  N.,  350 
Weaver,  William  A. 

See:  Weivel,  Albert  W.,  319 
AVebb,  Robert  F.,  283,  304 
\\'edding.   Henry  W.,  319 
Wedding.  John  T.,  319 
Wedlock,  William,  399 
Weivel,  Albert  W.,  319 
Wells,  James  M.,  415 
•\Vells,  Willis  F..  415 
Wells,  W,  R.,  303  :^- 

Wese,  Thomas  Jasper 

See:  Wise,  Thomas  Jasper,  366 
Westbrooks,   David  R.,  449 
Westbrooks,  James,  449 
AVestbrooks,   Thomas   Johnston,   449 
AVhetsline,  L.  A. 

See:  Whetstine,  Lawson  A.,   365 
Whetstine,   Lawson   A.,   365 
Whisenhunt,   Ephraim 

See:  Whistenhunt,  Ephraim.   366 
AVhisenhiuit,  John,  366 
AVhisenhunl.  Noah.  366 
Whisenhunt,  Thomas,  366 


Whisenhunt.    AVilliam    .\I..    366 
\Vhissenhunt.   Alexander   Branson,  366 
\Vhistenhunt.  Ephraim.  366 
AVhistenhunt.  John 

See:  Whisenhunt,  John.  366 
AVhistenhunt.  Noah 

See:  Whisenhunt.  Noah,  366 
Whistenhunt,   Thomas 

See:    Whisenhunt,   Thomas,   36C 
AVhistenhunt.  William   M.. 

See:  Whisenhunt.  William  M.,  360 
White.  A.  J..  415.  449 
AVhite,  Benjamin  Franklin,  368 
White,  James  H.,  383 
White,  John  Johnston,  286.  383 
AVhite.  Stephen  A.,  449 
White.   Thomas   G.,   384 
AVhite.  T.  J.,  384 
White.   William   P.,   384 
Whitehurst,  A.  J.,  303 
Whitelaw,   B.   A. 

See:  Whitlow,  P.  A.,  416 
AVhiteley.  Joseph  A..  384 
Whiteman.  Levi 

See:  Whitener,  Levi.  449 
Whitener.  Levi,  449 
Whitlow,  P.  A.,  416 
Wice.  Jacob,  400 
Wiggins,  John,  432 
Wilder,  John  W.,  432 

Wiles.  ,  366 

AVilev.  James  Carter,  303 
Wiley.  K.,  319 
Wilhelm,  W.  A..  400 
AVilkerson.    Alexander.    319 
\\ilkerson.   Madison,   335 
AVilkerson.  Richard.  319 
Wilkinson.  Alexander 

See:  Wilkerson,  Alexander,  319 
Wilkinson,   Richard 

See:  Wilkerson,  Richard,  319 
AVillet,  Oran  \Valker.  335 
AVilliains,  A.,  303,  350 
Williams,  A.  J.,  449 
AVilliams.  Bedford,  449 
Williams,  C.  L..  432 
Williams.   Daniel,   335 
IVilliams,  George,  320 
Uilliams,  G.  S..  432 
Williams,  Henderson.  350 
\VilIiams,  Jackson   L.,  432 
AVilliams,  James  M..  432 
Williams,  J.  F.,  432 
'Williams.  J.  H.,  432 
AVilliams,  John   R.,  416 
Williams,  John  W.,  303 


Index 


'1 75 


^Villiams.  Marshall.  449 
Williams,  Martin.  303 
\\illiams.  Noah,  304 
AVilliams,   Sandy,   433 
Williams,  T.  350 
^Villiams.  \Villiam,   366 
^Villiams.  \VilIiam  F.,  320 
Williams,   WilUam   H.,   416 
Willis,  Benjamin,  366 
^Villis,  Eli,  366 
Willis,  Elisha,  384 
Willis,  Henry  L„  366 
Willis,  James,  366 
^Vilson,  Alex,  400 
\Vilson,   ,A,llen,  433 
^\■ilson,  F.   G.,  416 
^\'ilson,  James  W„  368 
\Vilson,  John,  320 
Wilson,  Joseph  H.,  400 
^Vilson,  Joseph  L.,  400 
Wilson,  Leander,  320 
\Vilson,  Philo  D.,  320 
Wilson.  Robert  Thomas,  449 
^\■ilson.  Stephen.  433 
•\Vilson,  Thomas  H.,  320 
\Vilson,   \Villiam,  433 
Wimberlv,    Mark 

See:  Wimbly,  Mark,  433 
•\Vimbly,  Mark,  433 
^Vindsor,  Joseph,  416 
■Winfield,  N.  M.,  301 
•Wintrev,  AV.  H.,  433 
^Vinkle■   D.,  304 
^\'inkler,  James,  350 
^Vise,  Jacob,  400 
Wise,  J.  N.,  366 
Wise,  Thomas  Jasper,  366 
■\Viseman,  Aaron  A,,  367 
\Viseman,  Enzor  C,  367 
■\Viseman,  John,  367 
^Viseraan,  John  ,\,  M,,  367 
^\'iseman,  Thomas,  367 
^Viseman,  ^\'illiam  Henry,  367 
"Wolf,  Gaston  D.,  449 
■\Volf,  John  A..  449 
^\■olf.  Rowan,  450 
^\'ood,  Eli,  350 
AVood,   John   A.,   367 


Wood,  J.  Oliver,  367 
Wood,  W.   H. 

See:  W^ord,  \\'.  H.,  400 
Woods,  A.  J.,  416 
AVoods.  F.  F.,  416 
Woods,  Henr>'  A„  416 
Woods,  John  Herbert,  335 
Woods,  AV.  C.,  384 
Woods,  'William,  335 
Woody,  Jimmerson  M.,  367 
AVoodv,  AVilliam  M.,  368 
■Word,'  W.  H„  400 
\\'orkman,   H.,  400 
AVorkman,  Henrv  James,  450 
Workman,  Jacob,  400 
Workman,  James,  400 
AVorkman,  J.  H.,  450 
Workman,  AV.  H„  400 
AVrav,  A.  C.,  335 
Wren,  John  T.,  416 
Wren,  'William,  416 
Wright,  James,  320 
AVright,  Thompson,   368 
\Vright,  'William,  384 
AVyatt,   Frederick,  450 

Y 

Yates,  L.  B.,  433 
Yates,  V.  Steward,  433 
Vauntz,   Columbus,  350 
Yeargen,  Wyatt,  433 
York,  John,  400 
York,  Levi,  400 
York,  Richard  Watt,  284,  416 
York,  William,  400 
Yost,  Solomon,  400 
Young.  James  'W,,  433 
Young,  Samuel,   368 
Younger,  James,  450 
Younger,  James  J.,  384 
Younger,  Joseph  H.,  384 
Younger,   Samuel   H.,  384 
Yount,   Andrew.   368 
Yountz,   Columbus 

See:  Yauntz,  Columbus,  350 


Zimmerman,  George  J..  416 


The  Reactivated 

Sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment 

State  Troops 


by 

\A^ade  Lucas 


a, 

o 


o 
Z 


o 
Z 


I.  Colonel  \V.  Cliff  Elder  and  son. 
Sergeant  James  Cheek  Elder,  on 
paraiie 

Sergeant  John   Braxton   of  Graham, 
North   Carolina 

3.  The  Sixth  Regiment  on  the  firing 
line  at  Front  Royal,  Virginia 


4.  Captain  Richard  lobst,  co-author  of 
The  Bloody  Si\lJi  and  nienilier  of 
the  reactivated  regiment 


.  Sixth  Regiment  surgeon.  Dr.  \V.  D. 
Rippy  of  Burlington,  North  Carolina 


1.  Colonel  Elder  in  the  attack  at 
Manassas 

2.  Sixth  Regiment  photographer  Pat 
Bailey  joins  the  troops  in  battle 

3.  Sergeant  Luther  Burch  of  Spencer, 
North  Carolina — the  oldest  member 
of  the  regiment 

4.  A  regimental  honor  guard  during 
the  dedication  of  a  Confederate 
monument   to  the  dead 

5.  Colonel  Elder  leading  a  column  of 
Sixth  Regiment  troops  on  the  march 
to  the  Antietam  (Sharpsburg) 
Lattlefield 

6.  Sergeant  Buddy  Fogleman  (now 
lieutenant)  reloads  his  revo]\er  din- 
ing the  filming  of  "Stonewall  Jack- 
son's Way." 


■m*m 


3r# 


-^^.:,^'> 


Colonel  Elder  and  Captain  James  \Vatcrson  discuss  battle  plans  during  re-enactment 
of  the  Battle  of  Fort  Sanders  at  Knoxvillc.  Tennessee. 

On  the  eve  of  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg,  the  Sixth  re-enacted  the  Confederates' 
attempt  to  lind  shoes  in  Gettysburg.  Bruno  Roedl  of  the  Gettysburg  Shoe  Company 
supplied  the  regiment  nith   shoes. 


Membcis    of    the    Sixth    and    Tedeial    troops    depict    the    results    of    the    Battle    of 
Antieiam    (Sharpsburg)    at    Bloody    Lane. 


The  regimental  life  and  drum  corps  playing  as   the  sun   sets  over  Fort   Usher. 


it 


The  contemporary  saga  o£  the  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment  had 
its  beginning  in  the  late  fall  of  1960.  At  that  time,  and  at  the  request 
of  the  North  Carolina  Confederate  Centennial  Commission,  the 
ne\\ly-formed  Civil  War  Centennial  Committee  of  Alamance  Coimty 
undertook  the  organization  of  such  a  group  to  represent  North 
Carolina  in  the  re-enactment  of  the  Battle  of  First  Manassas,  which 
was  scheduled  for  July,  1961.  The  reactivation  of  this  particular  regi- 
ment -iv-as  decided  upon  because  of  its  close  connection  \\ith  the  area, 
and  because  the  regiment  had  distinguished  itself  in  the  original 
battle. 

Accordingly,  enlistment  machinery  went  into  action  and,  under 
the  direction  of  \V.  Cliff  Elder,  Burlington  industrialist  and  committee 
member,  a  unit  of  approximately  100  men  was  organized.  By  mid-Feb- 
ruary, 1961,  \\hen  training  was  begim,  the  regiment  ntmibered  nearly 
125  men.  To  insure  authenticity,  Hardee's  Tactics  (an  infantry  man- 
ual of  the  Civil  War  period)  was  selected  as  the  regimental  Bible. 
George  F.  Walker  of  Burlington  was  elected  Troop  Captain;  Alton 
Culver  of  Randleman,  a  veteran  of  more  than  t^venty  years's  service 
in  the  United  States  Coast  Guard,  ivas  appointed  Sergeant  Major. 

Staff  officers  initially  appointed  \\ere  George  Colclough,  Major;  Dr. 
W.  W.  Rippy,  Captain  Surgeon;  Alfred  Garner,  Captain  Transporta- 
tion: Richard  lobst.  Captain  Adjutant;  and  M.  M.  Isley,  Captain 
Qtiartermaster.  Robert  Fonville,  Ira  E.  Ball,  Earl  A.  Carter,  and 
Edward  Kiley  ^\■ere  commissioned  Lieiuenants  and  gi\en  company 
command.  Sergeants  appointed  were  Robert  L.  Shepherd,  John  C. 
Grady,  and  James  F.  Watterson. 

Under  the  tiirection  of  these  able  men,  the  recruits  -svere  assigned 
to  companies  and  readied  for  several  commemorative  occasions,  espe- 
cially the  upcoming  trip  to  Virginia  and  participation  in  the  re-enact- 
ment of  the  first  major  battle  of  the  Civil  War. 

After  its  members  had  imdergone  several  ^veeks  of  intensive 
training,  the  Reacti^'ated  Sixth  made  its  first  pid^Iic  appearance  on 
May  16,  1961  at  the  dedication  of  a  new  museum-visitor  center  at  the 
Alamance  Battleground  State  Historic  Site  near  Biulington.  This 
initial  appearance  of  the  Reactivated  Sixth  Regiment,  its  members 
clad  in  aiuhentic  reproductions  of  Civil  War  luiiforms,  was  history- 
making  in  that  it  occurred  on  the  one  hundredth  anniversary  of  the 
organization  of  the  original  Sixth  Regiment  at  Company  Shops,  site  of 
the  present  city  of  Burlington. 

On  May  20  through  21  the  Sixth  also  participated  in  a  gala  Con- 
federate Festival  held  in  Raleigh,  ^vhich  was  sponsored  by  the  North 
Carolina  Confederate  Centennial  Commission. 

487 


488  The  Blood\-  Sixth 

The  Sixth  marched  in  the  Armed  Forces  Day  parade  there  and 
attracted  much  attention  when  several  of  the  men  gave  authentic 
renditions  of  the  famed  "Rebel  Yell"  as  they  marched  down  Raleigh's 
historic  Fayetteville  Street.  Governor  Terry  Sanford  and  a  host  of 
military  figures  reviewed  the  parade.  The  men  were  entertained  at  a 
huicheon  at  Balentines  Confederate  House  Restaurant  in  Raleigh's 
Cameron  Village.  Later  in  the  afternoon,  members  of  the  Sixth 
performed  a  precision  drill  for  Governor  Sanford  at  the  State  Fair- 
grounds. 

Immediately  prior  to  the  re-enactment  of  the  First  Battle  of 
Manassas,  several  members  of  the  Sixth,  led  by  Colonel  Elder,  made 
a  trip  to  the  White  House  in  "Washington.  There  they  were  met  by 
David  Powers,  personal  aide  to  President  John  F.  Kennedy,  and 
received  in  the  rose  garden.  The  visit  was  highlighted  by  the  presenta- 
tion for  the  President  by  Colonel  Elder  of  a  twelve-pound,  gold-plated 
scale  model  of  a  Napoleon  field  piece  of  the  type  used  in  the  Civil  War. 

The  White  House  trip,  which  Mr.  Powers  said  ^vith  a  chuckle  was 
historical  in  that  "you  Confederates  finally  reached  the  White  House 
after  a  hundred  years's  effort,"  was  also  characterized  by  the  fact  that, 
after  a  hundred  years,  the  Confederate  flag  reached  the  home  of  the 
President  of  the  United  States  .  .  .  carried  by  Sergeant  James  Cheek 
Elder.  The  visit  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  was  arranged  by  Senators 
Sam  J.  Ervin,  Jr.  and  B.  Everett  Jordan  of  North  Carolina. 

In  the  ineantime,  an  honorary  staff  of  distinguished  North  Caro- 
linians, known  to  have  long  been  interested  in  North  Carolina  history, 
was  named.  Governor  Terry  Sanford  was  appointed  Honorary  General, 
and  several  others  were  also  named  to  honorary  positions:  Dr.  H.  H. 
Cunningham  of  Elon  College,  General;  Secretary  of  State  Thad  Eure, 
Adjutant  General;  John  Motley  Morehead,  native  of  Spray  and  na- 
tionally-known industrialist  of  Rye,  Ne^v  York,  Colonel;  Reid  A. 
Maynard  of  Burlington,  Lieutenant  Colonel;  State  Senator  Ralph  H. 
Scott  of  Alamance  Coimty,  Major;  John  R.  Peacock  of  High  Point, 
Captain;  W.  W.  (Red)  Balentine,  Raleigh  restaurateur.  Captain; 
McDaniel  Lewis,  Greensboro  businessman  and  Chairman  of  the 
Executive  Board  of  the  State  Department  of  Archives  and  History, 
Captain;  and  James  S.  Bra^vley,  Salisbury  newspaperman.  Captain. 

The  entire  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment  entrained  on  July 
21,  1961  at  Burlington  for  the  First  Battle  of  Manassas,  Virginia.  The 
men  rode  on  a  special  train  pro\ided  by  the  Southern  Raihv'ay  System 
as  a  tribute  to  the  memory  of  Colonel  Charles  F.  Fisher,  commanding 
officer  of  the  original  Sixth  North  Carolina  and  former  President  of 
the  North  Carolina  Railroad.  The  members  of  the  Sixth  arrived  at 
Manassas  Station  on  the  afternoon  of  July  21,  1961  and  had  a  dress 
rehearsal. 


Reactivated  Sixth  Regiment  489 

On  July  22  and  23,  the  Sixth  assumed  the  position  held  by  the 
original  regiment  in  the  battle.  Here  it  was  that  Colonel  Charles  F. 
Fisher  became  the  first  high-ranking  North  Carolinian  to  be  killed 
in  action.  An  estimated  100,000  j>eople  viewed  the  re-enactment  in 
which  thousands  of  pounds  of  black  powder  were  fired  from  Civil 
War  period  cannons  and  muskets:  nearly  4,000  reacti\ated  troops  from 
Southern  and  Northern  states  took  part. 

Colonel  Elder  portrayed  the  part  of  Colonel  Fisher  in  the  re- 
enactment  and  carried  the  sword  that  Fisher  used  in  the  original 
battle  when  he  fell  mortally  wounded  during  the  savage  fighting. 
Dining  the  re-enactment,  which  raged  aroimd  the  batteries  firing  on 
the  famous  Henry  House  Hill,  members  of  the  Sixth  also  jaortrayed 
the   role  of   the  Seventh   Georgia   Regiment. 

Governor  Sanford  visited  the  Sixth  in  its  camp  on  the  battlefield 
after  the  re-enactment,  and  complimented  the  men  on  their  appear- 
ance. He  and  Mrs.  Sanford  were  among  the  several  governors  and 
their  wives  and  other  dignitaries  witnessing  the  spectacle.  Another 
interested  spectator  was  Associate  Justice  R.  Hunt  Parker  of  the  North 
Carolina  Supreme  Covnt,  a  man  long  interested  in  Civil  War  history. 

The  Reactivated  Sixth  Regiment  caught  the  attention  of  officials 
of  the  re-enactment  program  and  was  chosen  as  one  of  four  units 
(two  from  the  South  and  two  from  the  North)  to  serve  as  a  Guard 
of  Honor  as  all  the  participating  regiments  passed  in  reviews-  before 
the  assembled  dignitaries. 

Governor  Sanford  and  Associate  justice  Parker  joined  Colonel 
Elder  and  Captain  ^Valker  in  complimenting  the  members  of  the  Sixth 
for  the  excellent  showing  they  made  in  the  re-enactment. 

The  next  public  appearance  of  the  Sixth  was  at  Newton,  North 
Carolina,  where,  on  August  17,  the  regiment  marched  in  the  annual 
Soldiers  Reiuiion  Day  parade  before  several  thousand  spectators. 

On  August  31,  1961  the  regiment  gave  a  precision  drill  in  the 
memorial  stadium  in  Burlington.  Among  the  600  or  more  persons 
attending  were  Colonel  Hugh  Dortch  of  Goldsboro,  Chaimian  of  the 
North  Carolina  Confederate  Centennial  Connnission;  Mrs.  R.  Grady 
Johnson  of  Burgaw,  President  of  the  North  Carolina  Division  of  the 
United  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy;  State  Senator  R.  F.  Van 
Landingham  of  Davidson  County;  and  Norman  Larson,  Executive 
Secretary  of  the  North  Carolina  Confederate  Centennial  Commission. 
During  the  ceremony.  Colonel  Elder  and  the  Sixth  were  presented  a 
battle  flag  and  streamer;  and  a  special  award  of  recognition  was  given 
to  Troop  Captain  George  Walker  in  the  fonn  of  a  scale  model  repro- 
duction of  a  twelve-pound  Napoleon  cannon,  ^vhich  was  used  in 
the  Civil  War.  Mr.  Larson  read  a  letter  from  Governor  Sanford 
congratulating  Colonel  Elder  and  the  members  of  the  Sixth  for  their 
performance  at  First  Manassas. 


490  The  Bloods-  Sixth 

The  Sixth  next  appeared  at  the  Piedmont  Bo^vl  football  game  in 
Bowman  Gray  Stadium  in  Winston-Salem  on  September  30.  The  regi- 
ment staged  a  skirmish  during  the  half-time  period.  Norman  C. 
Larson,  Executive  Secretary  of  the  North  Carolina  Confederate 
Centennial  Commission,  acted  as  narrator  for  the  reeiment  as  it 
maneuvered  to  the  applause  of  the  several  thousand  people  present. 

There  were  also  other  events  in  which  the  Sixth  participated: 

The  first  of  a  series  of  regimental  Christmas  parties  was  held  in 
Burlington  on  December  28,  1961  as  the  Reactivated  Sixth  neared 
the  end  of  a  full  year's  existence.  Over  a  hundred  guests  of  the 
regiment  attended  the  party,  which  has  become  an  annual  event,  from 
as  far  away  as  Charlotte,  Salisbury,  Greensboro,  and  New   Jersey. 

In  March,  1962  the  regiment  helped  commemorate  the  Battle  of 
New  Bern,  March  14,  1862.  And  on  May  19,  1962  the  Sixth  took 
part  in  the  re-enactment  of  the  Battle  of  Front  Royal  at  Front  Royal, 
Virginia.  A  week  later  the  regiment  returned  to  Virginia  to  participate 
in  the  filming  of  a  documentary  motion  picture  entitled,  "Stonewall 
Jackson's  Way."  The  movie  was  sponsored  by  the  Virginia  Civil  War 
Centennial  Commission,  and  was  filmed  on  the  battlefield  of  Cold 
Harbor. 

On  July  4,  1962  the  Sixth  took  part  in  the  "Colonel  'William  Lamb 
Day"  program  at  Fort  Fisher  near  Wilmington.  This  event  commemo- 
rated Lamb's  assumption  of  command  of  the  Confederate  troops 
defending  Fort  Fisher  during  the  early  days  of  construction  of  that 
important  bastion  of  the  Confederacy. 

The  regiment  next  participated  in  the  re-enactment  of  the  Battle 
of  Sharpsburg  (Antietam)  near  Sharpsburg,  Maryland.  In  this  action 
Colonel  Elder  portrayed  the  role  of  General  D.  H.  Hill  and  assumed 
command  of  all  Confederate  troops  in  the  "Bloody  Lane"  area.  The 
original  battle,  fought  on  September  17,  1862,  witnessed  more  casualties 
than  in  any  other  single  day's  fighting  in  the  Civil  War.  In  the  re- 
enactment,  the  Sixth  portrayed  the  parts  of  the  Fourth  and  Fourteenth 
North  Carolina  Regiments.  The  re-enactment  was  viewed  by  thousands 
of  spectators. 

In  early  1963  the  Sixth  Regiment  took  part  in  several  commemo- 
rative events: 

Near  Swansboro,  North  Carolina  on  January  18,  1963,  an  honor 
guard  participated  in  imveiling  ceremonies  of  a  historical  marker 
noting  the  location  of  Fort  Huggins. 

A  company  of  twenty-one  men  from  the  Sixth,  led  by  Lieutenant 
James  Watterson,  took  part  on  April  20  in  Confederate  Day  ceremonies 
at  the  Charlotte  Historical  Museum  in  Charlotte.  A  company  of 
twenty-foiu-  men,  led  by  Lieutenant  Robert  Fonville,  participated  in  a 
similar  event  on  the  same  date  at  the  Greensboro  Historical  Museum 
in  Greensboro. 


Reactivated  Sixth  Regiment  491 

On  April  27,  1963  a  company  of  twenty-four  men  performed  drills 
and  paraded  before  a  crowd  of  600  at  the  Bennett  Place  in  Durham, 
North  Carolina.  And  on  May  18  the  Sixth  marched  in  the  Armed 
Forces  Day  parade  in  Raleigh. 

On  May  30,  1963  Major  Wade  Lucas  of  the  regiment,  at  the  in- 
vitation of  Colonel  Frank  C.  Bellenger,  commanding  officer  of  the 
One  Hundredth  New  York  Volunteers  (Reactivated) ,  placed  a  wreath 
on  the  grave  of  the  lone  Confederate  soldier  buried  among  a  large 
number  of  Union  veterans  at  Tonowanda,  New  York.  Major  Lucas 
carried  special  greetings  to  the  people  of  Tonowanda  and  adjacent 
areas  from  Go\'ernor  Sanford. 

June  29,  1963  ^\'itnessed  the  re-enactment  of  the  Battle  of  Hanover, 
Pennsylvania.  This  re-enactment  was  an  especially  convincing  one, 
and  one  of  the  most  outstanding  in  which  the  Sixth  had  taken  part. 

On  July  1,  2,  and  3,  1963  the  commemorative  events  smioimding 
the  Battle  of  Gettysburg  were  held.  The  Sixth  had  a  prominent  role 
in  the  rededication  of  the  North  Carolina  monument  on  Seminary 
Ridge  on  the  Gettysburg  battlefield  before  taking  part  in  the  colorful 
re-enactment  and  parade  that  followed.  Governor  Sanford  was  joined 
by  Secretary  of  Commerce  Luther  Hodges  and  the  governors  of 
Minnesota,  South  Carolina,  Pennsylvania,  and  Alaljama  in  the 
rededication  ceremonies  at  which  North  Carolina  State  Senator  Hector 
MacLean  of  Lumberton  made  the  principal  address.  Just  thirty-four 
years  before.  Senator  MacLean  had  unveiled  the  monument  of  famed 
sculptor  Gutzon  Borglimr  at  its  dedication  by  his  father.  Governor 
A.  VV^.  MacLean,  and  Governor  O.  Max  Gardner.  The  Sixth  served 
as  flag-bearers  in  the  rededication  ceremony,  carrying  reproductions  of 
banners  of  the  various  North  Carolina  regiments  which  fought  at 
Gettysburg. 

Prior  to  the  official  program,  men  of  the  Sixth,  commanded  by 
Colonel  Elder,  staged  a  mock  raid  on  a  Gettysburg  shoe  factory.  The 
twentieth  century  Confederates  were  more  successful  than  their 
counterparts  of  1863,  and  succeeded  in  "appropriating"  a  quantity  of 
footwear  from  a  grinning  plant  manager. 

On  Jidy  2  the  regiment  participated  in  a  colorful  parade  through 
the  streets  of  Gettysburg.  It  attracted  considerable  attention  with  its 
homemade  cannon,  fashioned  by  Sergeant  John  Braxton,  which  was 
fired  at  intervals  as  the  regiment  marched  in  a  soaking  rain. 

On  Jidy  3  at  the  Gettysburg  battlefield  before  an  estimated  50,000 
persons,  the  Sixth  participated  in  a  symbolic  re-enactment  of  Con- 
federate Generals  George  E.  Pickett  and  Johnston  Pettigrew's  famed 
but  disastrous  charge  on  Cemetery  Hill.  Colonel  Elder  was  accorded 
the  honor  of  portraying  General  A.  P.  Hill  in  the  program.  He  and 
the  regiment  received  national  attention  for  their  part  in  the  re- 
enactment. 


492  The  Bloody  Sixth 

Ground-breaking  ceremonies  for  a  new  museum  at  Fort  Fisher  on 
August  23,  1963  saw  the  regiment's  next  participation.  The  men 
camped  on  the  historic  site  for  two  days  and  playecl  a  prominent  part 
in  the  colorful  program.  On  November  18,  1963  a  detachment  from 
the  regiment  participated  in  a  parade  and  re-enactment  commemo- 
rating the  one  hundredth  anniversary  of  the  Battle  of  Knoxville 
in  Tennessee.  And  on  November  30  the  regiment  took  part  in 
parades  in  Graham  and  Burlington,  North  Carolina.  Twelve  members 
of  the  regiment  represented  the  group  at  a  grave  marking  ceremony 
at  Rocky  River  Baptist  Church  in  Chatham  County  on  December  1, 
1963. 

Eighteen  members  from  the  Sixth  participated  in  the  re-enactment 
of  the  Battle  of  Olustee,  Florida  on  February  21,  1964;  on  May  9 
thirty  members  of  the  regiment  accompanied  Colonel  Elder  at  the 
re-enacted  Battle  of  Spotsylvania  Coiut  House;  and  the  re-enacted 
Battle  of  New  Market,  Virginia  was  represented  by  twenty  members 
of  the  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment  on  May  15  and  16. 

On  June  20,  1964  the  regiment  bivouacked  at  Eldermont  Lake 
with  Dr.  Sam  Kirkpatrick  (J.  E.  B.  Stuart)  and  his  cavalry  unit  of 
forty-one  horses.  From  June  25  through  30  the  regiment,  composed 
of  sixty-seven  men,  left  for  Marietta,  Georgia  to  take  part  in  the 
Great  Southern  Campaign,  which  included  the  commemorations  of 
the  Battles  of  Kennesaw  Mountain   and  Edisto  River. 

T^venty-one  men  from  the  Sixth  Regiment  participated  in  the 
Battle  of  Atlanta  on  }uly  25  at  Stone  Mountain,  Georgia.  Again 
in  Georgia  on  August  28,  fiventy-foiu-  members  of  the  Sixth  partici- 
pated in  the  re-enactment  of  the  Battle  of  Jonesboro. 

On  November  27,  1964  the  regiment  journied  to  Franklin, 
Tennessee  where  twenty-six  men  helped  re-enact  a  battle  in  which 
Colonel  Elder  played  the  part  of  General  John  B.  Gordon.  And  on 
December  12  twelve  men  participated  in  the  Battle  of  Nashville, 
Tennessee. 

The  last  activity  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  in  1964  was  the  annual 
Christmas  party  in  Burlington;  forty-one  members  of  the  regiment 
attended  with   their   families. 

During  the  final  months  of  the  Civil  War  centennial  in  North 
Carolina  in  1965,  several  commemorations  will  take  place.  Foremost 
anrong  these  will  be  the  re-enactment  of  the  Battle  of  Averasboro, 
North  Carolina.  At  this  mock  battle  the  Sixth  Regiment  will  be  host 
to  approximately  700  Union  and  Confederate  troops;  as  always,  the 
regiment  will  be  led  by  Colonel  W.  Cliff  Elder,  who  ivill  ]X)rtray 
General  William   Joseph  Hardee. 

While  all  members  of  the  Sixth  brought  honor  to  themselves  and 
their  state  during  the  centennial  years,  the  following  were  singled 
out  for  special  mention  by  Uieir  Colonel,  W.  Cliff  Elder:  Captain  of 


Reactivatki)  Sixth  Regiment  493 


Troops  George  F.  Walker;  Majors  Wade  Lucas  and  Malcolm  Fowler; 
Captains  fames  F.  W^atterson,  Robert  H.  Fonville,  Jr.,  M.  M.  Isley, 
Richard  lobst,  and  Pat  Bailey;  Lieutenants  John  C.  Grady,  Ted  C. 
Cleason,  Jr.,  Harry  Simmons,  Philip  L.  Hill,  Alton  Culver,  and 
Lawrence  E.  Fogleman;  Sergeants  Archie  Wood,  Gary  L.  Whitaker, 
Luther  E.  Burch,  Larry  Holland,  John  W.  Braxton,  Adam  W.  Lambe, 
Charles   J.  Dreher,   James  Cheek  Elder,  and    Jay  C.  Harviel. 

Special  mention  shoidd  also  be  made  of  the  time  given  the  Sixth 
by  Captain  Surgeon  W.  D.  Rippy.  This  busy  Burlington  physician 
took  time  out  to  joiuney  -ivith  the  Sixth  to  many  of  the  re-enactments, 
and  his  ministrations  were  instnunental  in  keeping  the  men  healthy 
and  fit  for  action. 

Still  another  member  of  the  Sixth  due  special  credit  for  the 
unassuming  parts  he  played  in  re-enactments  from  Manassas  to 
Gettysburg  to  Atlanta  and  others  is  the  energetic  Sergeant  Luther 
E.  Burch.  In  his  seventies  when  he  joined  the  Sixth  in  1961,  having 
retired  from  the  Southern  Railway  System  after  fifty  years  of  service, 
Sergeant  Burch  exhibited  the  enthusiasm  of  a  man  considerably 
younger  and  never  failed  to  amaze  other  members  of  the  Sixth. 

Perhaps  the  most  interesting  member  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  is 
Sergeant  Charles  J.  Dreher.  Although  a  native  of  Indiana,  Sergeant 
Scout  Dreher  has  fought  for  North  Carolina  in  nearly  thirty  re- 
enactments,  adding  a  personal  touch  by  occasionally  wearing  tattered 
overalls  and  carrying  a  "stolen"  chicken.  His  interest  in  the  Con- 
federacy has  led  him  on  niuiierous  searches  for  Civil  War  artifacts, 
thus  making  him  an  avid  student  of  both  Confederate  military  tactics 
and  weaponry.  Perhaps  one  of  the  best  indications  of  Sergeant 
Dreher's  devotion  to  the  Sixth  is  that  when  he  lost  two  fingers  while 
"firing"  a  cannon  in  a  parade  in  Orangeburg,  South  Carolina,  he  did 
not  lose  interest  in  the  regiment.  "Within  three  weeks  he  was  back 
in  action  at  Stone  Mountain,  Georgia. 

The  Reacti\ated  Sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment,  State  Troops  has 
every  reason  to  be  proud  of  the  role  it  has  played  in  hel]jing 
commemorate  the  valiant  deeds  of  the  members  of  the  original  Sixth 
North  Carolina  Regiment,  C.S.A.  The  years  1861  through  1865  were 
trying  ones  for  the  original  unit  .  .  .  and,  as  a  result,  the  years  1961 
through  1965  have  brought  out  the  best  in  the  men  i\ho  toilay  honor 
their  ancestors  of  a  hundred  years  ago. 


4  *    I 


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4 

'S 

THE  REACTIVATED  SIXTH  NORTH  CAROLINA  REGIMENT,  STATE  TROOPS 

COLONEL  W.  CLIFF  ELDER.  Commanding  Officer 

Burlington,  North  Carolina 


Honorary  Staff 

Tern  Sanford,  Gcner  I 

H.  H.  Cunningham,  Geneiiil 

Thad  Eurc,  Adjutant  General 

John  Motlcv  Morchcati.  Colotiel 

Reid  A.  Maynard.  LUiilenmil  Colonel 

Ralph  H.  Scotc.  Major 

John  R.  Peacock,  Captain 

W.  \\\   (Red)  Baleniinc,  Captain 

McDanicI  Lewis,  Captain 

James  S.  Brawley,  Captain 


Regimental  Staff 

George  Colclougli, 

Major  Administration 
Wade  Lucas,  Major  Correspondent 
Malcohii  Fowler.  Major  Correspondent 
Alfred  Gainer.  Captain  Trans fwrlat ion 
Richaixl  lobsi,  Captain  Adjutant 
Pat  Bailey.  Captain  Photograj>her 
i\L  M.  Islcy.  Captain  Qiiorltrinasler 
W.  D-  Rippy.  Captain  Surgeon 


Troop  Command 

Gcoi-gc  v.  Walker.  Captatn  of  Troops 


Lieutenants 

Alton  Culver.  Lieutenant  Ordnance 
Earl  A,  Carter,  Lieutenant  Intelligence 
Ira  Eugene  Ball, 

Lientenani    Communication 
Edward  Kiley, 

Lientenani    Communication 


Sergeants 


Rohcn  L.  Shepherd,  Sergeant  Major 
James  Cheek  Elder.  Stajf  Sergeant 
Charles  J.   Drehcr,    Third  Sergeant 

Scout 
Jay  C.  Harvicl.  Third  Sergeant  Mess 
James    ,\L    Pickard,    Third   Sergeant 

Medic 


COMPANY  "B" 

Lt.  John  Claude  Grady.  Commander 
Lt.  Lan-rence  E.  Foglcman,  Jr., 

Second  in  Command 
Pv[.  Rav  Bass 
Cpl.  William   (Bill)  Bailey 
2nd  Sgl.  Michael  J.  Black 
Pvt.  William  B.  Bullock 
Cpl.  Dennis  Carter 
Pvt.  John  Edward  Cheek 
Pvt.  George  Colcloiigh,  111 
2nd  Sgt.  Mike  F.  Driver 
Pvi.  Delos  M.  Elder,  Jr. 
Pvt.  Ladd  Fuqua 
Cpl.  J.  Duncan  Harvicl 
Pvt.  Ernie  J.  Harvicl 
Cpl.  John  Hiitton 
Pvt.  Scion  H.  Harrington,  HI 
Cpl.  Henry  A.  Islcy 
Pvt.  Ward  Latta 
Pvt.  Richard  Loy 
Cpl.  David  McLelland 
Pvt.  Frederick  Mitchell 
Pvt.  Jack  Neese 
Cpl.  Lawrence  Ohieycr 
1st  Sgt.  John  Luther  Sowers 
Cpl.  James  (Jim)   Slaley 
Pvt.  Bruce  A.  Sirauch 
Pvt.  David  Whitten 


COMPANY  "C" 

Lt.  Earl  D.  Harris,  Comman: 
Pvt.  Robert  Lee  Barren 
Pvt.  Eddie  B.  Becker 
Cpl.  Bertram  Brady 
3rd  Sgt.  Carl  L.  Garrison,  Jr. 
Pvi.  Lindsey  Garrison 
Pvt.  Charles  T.  Gumm 
Cpl.  Siokcs  E.  Hcpler,  Jr. 
Pvt.  Robert  R,  Kimrey 
3rd  Sgl.  Lawrence  S.  Lane 
Cpl.  George  E.  Lewis,  Jr. 
Pvt.  Robert  C.  Lineberry 
Cpl.  George  H.  Lloyd 
Pvi.  ^Villiam  O.  Minor 
Pvt.  Richard  F.  Mitchell 
Cpl.  Robert  L.  Nance 
Cpl.  Herman  R.  Parker 
Cpl.  David  W.  Powell 
Pvt.  .Arthur  Rogers,  Jr. 
1st  Sgt.  Dan  E.  Rutland 
Cpl.  Victor  H.  Seanion.  Jr. 
Pvl.  Ncal  J,  Shackelford.  Jr. 
Pvt.  Danny  O.  SholTner 
Cpl.  John  C.  Southern 
3rd  Sgt.  Garland  F.  Steele 
Pvt.  William   (Bill)   Stokes 
2nd  Sgt.  James  E.  Tecr 
Pvt.  Henr>'  C.  Thompson 
3rd  Sgt.  Thomas  R.  Tillcit 
Pvt.  John  H.  Vernon,  HI 
Pvt.  Paul  Whilaker 


COMPANY  "L" 

Lt.  Ted  C.  Cleason.  Jr.. 

Commander 
Pvt.  Eddie  W.  Beschcr 
Pvt.  Ployd  H,  Brady 
Cpl.  Gerald  R.  Coble 
Pvl.  Michael   Houtchings 
Cpl.  Eugene  T.  Jcssup 
2nd  Sgt.  Clyde  D,  Kistlcr 
Pvl.  David  L.  Laughljn 
Cpl.  Buck  Shaw 
Pvt.  Danny  Stone 
1st  Sgt.  Gary  L.  Whitakcr 
3rd  Sgt.  -Argie  N.  Wood 


COMPANY  "G" 

Capt.  James  F.  AVaitcrson,  Con 
Lt.  Harry  Sinimon.s 
Ll.  Larry  Hollan<l 
Pvl.  Mike  Allen 
Cpl,  James  Tyson  Beachum 
Cpl.  Charles  J.  Bcn.son 
3rd  Sgt.  Uiiher  E.  Biirch 
Pvt.  Leonard  S,  Crotls 
Pvt.  Joe  A.  Darrcll 
Cpl.  Robert  L.  Denny,  Jr. 
Pvt.  Walter  D.  Elium 
Cpl.  D.  C.  Freeman 
Pvt.  George  R.  Gcmayel 
Pvt.  James  E.  Crissom 
Cpl.  Robert  L.  Harrison 
Cpl.  John  R.  Hartman 
Pvt.  Walt  Hildebrand 
Pvt.  \Vayne  Home 
Cpl.  John  AVayne  Hiinlcr 
Pvt.  Robert  W.  Hunicr.  Jr. 
Pvt.  Calvin  Jones 
Pvt.  Charles  Perry  Jones 
Cpl.  Jani'.'s  D.  Kincaid 
Pvt.  Donald  J.  Long 
Pvl.  Floyd  Long 
Pvl,  James  C.  Lyerly 
Pvt.  Charles  W.  Manning 
Pvt.  Ray  Alexander  Morgan 
Pvi.  Robert  David  Morgan 
I'vi.  Jack  Claude  Murphy 
Pvt.  William  E,  Myers 
P"t.  Gerry  Joe  Norman 
Pvi.  Franklin  Delano  Norris 
Pvt.  Robert  F.  Palmer,  HI 
Pvt.  Gary  Eugene  Pcniey 
iH  Sgl.  George  R.  Phillips 
Pvt.  Donald  Lee  Rufty 
Pvt.  James  J.  Salceby 
2n<l  Sgt.  Robert  W.  Scott 
Pvi.  Robert  Eugene  Scott 
Pvt.  Robert  Connelly  Shook 
Pvt.  Collie  Banks  Shaver 
Pvt.  Roger  E,  Stephens 
Pvt.  Joel  Dean  Watson 
Cpl.  Byron  W.  White 
Pvt.  Glenn  R.  Williams 
Pvt,  James  Woflard 


COMPANY    "K" 

Capi.  Robert  H.  Fonville,  Jr., 

Commander 
Ll.  Phillip  L.  Hill, 

Second  in  Command 
Pvl.  James  H.  Best 
Pvt.  Howard  E,  Blanchard.  Jr. 
1st  Sgl.  John  W.  Braxton 
Cpl.  Bryon  W.  While 
Pvt.  John  F.  Davis 
Pvt.  Larry  A.  Dean 
Cpl.  Victor  E.  Euliss 
Cpl.  James  R.  Ferguson 
Cpl.  Joseph  M.  Fletcher 
Pvt.  Eddie  E.  Harris 
2nd  Sgl.  Roger  Herndon 
Pvt.  Michael  K.  Holt 
Pvt.  Brewer  T.  Horton,  Jr. 
Cpl.  .Anihony  .\.  Jones 
3rd  Sgt,  Adam  W.  Lambe 
2nd  Sgt.  William  L.  Lindley 
Pvt.  Banks  W.  May 
Cpl.  Jimmy  C.  McCurdy 
3rd  Sgt.  T.  Howard  Pearcc 
Cpl.  Jack  Barton  Russell 
Pvt.  William  B.  Shields 
Pvt.  Thomas  R.  Van  Lanilingham 
Cpl.  George  F.  Walker.  HI 
Cpl.  Jack  Clark  Wray 


■■/ 


,^-?'--;='"*-<i'i^'  "" 


mzs^ 


Date  Due^ 


i(^mMd5tm 


MRJLE 


6  m 


^m^^ 


^y-JUN  2 


2  1995 


MAR  12 


mi. 


1993 


ht\H  1  a  1994  A 


yji^o/^o 


iMAR  17 


!^& 


SEP  06  20(S 


^:=i^^: 


-? 


Cat    No    23  233 


Printed  m  0  S  A 


HECKMAN 

BINDERY  INC. 


^^     NOV  86 

^J^^      N.  MANCHESTER. 
^^^  INDIANA  46962